Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ

<mediawiki xmlns="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/ http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11.xsd" version="0.11" xml:lang="yo">
  <siteinfo>
    <sitename>Wikipedia</sitename>
    <dbname>yowiki</dbname>
    <base>https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oj%C3%BAew%C3%A9_%C3%80k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81k%E1%BB%8D%CC%81</base>
    <generator>MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.20</generator>
    <case>first-letter</case>
    <namespaces>
      <namespace key="-2" case="first-letter">Amóhùnmáwòrán</namespace>
      <namespace key="-1" case="first-letter">Pàtàkì</namespace>
      <namespace key="0" case="first-letter" />
      <namespace key="1" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀</namespace>
      <namespace key="2" case="first-letter">Oníṣe</namespace>
      <namespace key="3" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe</namespace>
      <namespace key="4" case="first-letter">Wikipedia</namespace>
      <namespace key="5" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ Wikipedia</namespace>
      <namespace key="6" case="first-letter">Fáìlì</namespace>
      <namespace key="7" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ fáìlì</namespace>
      <namespace key="8" case="first-letter">MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="9" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ mediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="10" case="first-letter">Àdàkọ</namespace>
      <namespace key="11" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ àdàkọ</namespace>
      <namespace key="12" case="first-letter">Ìrànlọ́wọ́</namespace>
      <namespace key="13" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ ìrànlọ́wọ́</namespace>
      <namespace key="14" case="first-letter">Ẹ̀ka</namespace>
      <namespace key="15" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ ẹ̀ka</namespace>
      <namespace key="100" case="first-letter">Èbúté</namespace>
      <namespace key="101" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ èbúté</namespace>
      <namespace key="108" case="first-letter">Ìwé</namespace>
      <namespace key="109" case="first-letter">Ọ̀rọ̀ ìwé</namespace>
      <namespace key="710" case="first-letter">TimedText</namespace>
      <namespace key="711" case="first-letter">TimedText talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="828" case="first-letter">Module</namespace>
      <namespace key="829" case="first-letter">Module talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="1728" case="first-letter">Event</namespace>
      <namespace key="1729" case="first-letter">Event talk</namespace>
    </namespaces>
  </siteinfo>
  <page>
    <title>Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>9818</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637694</id>
      <parentid>636723</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-22T15:16:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>10348</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Your feedback wanted: Remove (Language link added:) and similar edits from Special:RecentChanges */ abala tuntun</comment>
      <origin>637694</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="767677" sha1="auyzcwvwf4v4mo7a3woas0mzhgw2oz3" xml:space="preserve">&lt;!-- This poOpop
{{/box-footer|}}

{{/box-header|Àwọn stàtístíkì àti ìpolongo|Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Àwọn stàtístíkì àti ìpolongo|}}
{{Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Àwọn stàtístíkì àti ìpolongo}}
{{/box-footer|}}

{{/box-header|Àwọn ojúèwé tó n fẹ àkíyèsí|Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Àwọn ojúèwé to n fẹ àkíyèsí|}}
{{Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Àwọn ojúèwé to n fẹ àkíyèsí}}
{{/box-footer|}}

&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right; width:39%&quot;&gt; &lt;!-- This margin should be right of the above --&gt;

{{/box-header|Ìròyìn|Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Ìròyìn|}}
{{Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Ìròyìn}}
{{/box-footer|}}

{{/box-header|Báwo ni e se le kopa|Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Báwo ní e se le kópa|}}
{{Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Báwo ni e se le kópa}}
{{/box-footer|}}

{{/box-header|Ìpinnu àti Ìlànà|Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Ìpinnu àti Ìlànà|}}
{{Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Ìpinnu àti Ìlànà}}
{{/box-footer|}}

{{/box-header|Àwọn ìpele|Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Àwọn ìpele|}}
{{Wikipedia:Èbúté Àwùjọ/Àwọn ìpele}}
{{/box-footer|}}


&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right; width:100%&quot;&gt;

{{/box-header|Àwọn projects miran|Àwọn projects miran|}}
{{Àwọn projects miran}}
{{/box-footer|}}

{{/box-header|Èbúté|Èbúté|}}
{{Èbúté}}
{{/box-foo&lt;!--
[[Ẹ̀ka:Ìmójútó Wikipedia|Èbúté Àwùjọ]]

[[eu:Wikipedia:WikiMediari buruz gaurkotasun-albisteak]]

== Call for image filter referendum ==

The Wikimedia Foundation, at the direction of the Board of Trustees, will be holding a vote to determine whether members of the community support the creation and usage of an opt-in personal image filter, which would allow readers to voluntarily screen particular types of images strictly for their own account.

Further details and educational materials will be available shortly.  The referendum is scheduled for 12-27 August, 2011, and will be conducted on servers hosted by a neutral third party.  Referendum details, officials, voting requirements, and supporting materials will be posted at [[Meta:Image filter referendum]] shortly.

Sorry for delivering you a message in English. Please help translate the pages on the referendum on Meta and join the [[mail:translators-l|translators mailing list]].

For the coordinating committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:Philippe (WMF)|Philippe (WMF)]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:Cbrown1023|Cbrown1023]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:Risker|Risker]]&lt;/br&gt;
[[m:User:Mardetanha|Mardetanha]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:PeterSymonds|PeterSymonds]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:Robertmharris|Robert Harris]]
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0091 --&gt;

== Terms of Use update ==

''I apologize that you are receiving this message in English. Please help translate it.''
 
Hello,
 
The Wikimedia Foundation is discussing changes to its Terms of Use.  The discussion can be found at [[m:Talk:Terms of use|Talk:Terms of use]]. Everyone is invited to join in. Because the new version of [[m:Terms of use|Terms of use]] is not in final form, we are not able to present official translations of it. Volunteers are welcome to translate it, as German volunteers have done at [[:m:Terms of use (de)]], but we ask that you note at the top that the translation is unofficial and may become outdated as the English version is changed. The translation request can be found at [[m:Translation requests/WMF/Terms of Use 2]] -- [[m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Maggie Dennis, Community Liaison]] 02:30, 27 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2011 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0119 --&gt;

== Open Call for 2012 Wikimedia Fellowship Applicants ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
''I apologize that you are receiving this message in English. Please
help translate it.''
*Do you want to help attract new contributors to Wikimedia projects?
*Do you want to improve retention of our existing editors?
*Do you want to strengthen our community by diversifying its base and increasing the overall number of excellent participants around the world?
The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking Community Fellows and project ideas for the Community Fellowship Program. A Fellowship is a temporary position at the Wikimedia Foundation in order to work on a specific project or set of projects. Submissions for 2012 are encouraged to focus on the theme of improving editor retention and increasing participation in Wikimedia projects. If interested, please submit a project idea or apply to be a fellow by January 15, 2012. Please visit https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Fellowships for more information.

Thanks!

--[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Community Fellowships,
Wikimedia Foundation]] 03:11, 22 Oṣù Kejìlá 2011 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0139 --&gt;

== Announcing Wikipedia 1.19 beta ==

Wikimedia Foundation is getting ready to push out 1.19 to all the WMF-hosted wikis.  As we finish wrapping up our code review, you can test the new version ''right now'' on [http://beta.wmflabs.org/ beta.wmflabs.org].  For more information, please read the [https://svn.wikimedia.org/viewvc/mediawiki/trunk/phase3/RELEASE-NOTES-1.19?view=markup release notes] or the [[mw:MediaWiki_1.19|start of the final announcement]].

The following are the areas that you will probably be most interested in:
* [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=33711#c2 Faster loading of javascript files makes dependency tracking more important.]
* New common*.css files usable by skins instead of having to copy piles of generic styles from MonoBook or Vector's css.
* The default user signature now contains a talk link in addition to the user link.
* Searching blocked usernames in block log is now clearer.
* Better timezone recognition in user preferences.
* Improved diff readability for colorblind people.
* The interwiki links table can now be accessed also when the interwiki cache is used (used in the API and the Interwiki extension).
* More gender support (for instance in logs and user lists).
* Language converter improved, e.g. it now works depending on the page content language.
* Time and number-formatting magic words also now depend on the page content language.
* Bidirectional support further improved after 1.18.

Report any [http://labs.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Problem_reports problems] on the labs beta wiki and we'll work to address them before they software is released to the production wikis.

'''Note''' that this cluster does have SUL but it is not integrated with SUL in production, so you'll need to create another account.  You should avoid using the same password as you use here.  — [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 16:41, 15 Oṣù Kínní 2012 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0145 --&gt;

== MediaWiki 1.19 ==

(Apologies if this message isn't in your language.) The Wikimedia Foundation is planning to upgrade MediaWiki (the software powering this wiki) to its latest version this month. You can help to test it before it is enabled, to avoid disruption and breakage. More information is available [[:mw:MediaWiki 1.19/Deployment announcement|in the full announcement]]. Thank you for your understanding.

[[:m:user:guillom|Guillaume Paumier]], via the [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery system]] &lt;small&gt;([[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|wrong page? You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;. 15:23, 12 Oṣù Kejì 2012 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0154 --&gt;

== Update on IPv6 ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
(Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it, as well as '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/IPv6 initiative/2012 IPv6 Day announcement|the full version of this announcement on Meta]]''') 

The Wikimedia Foundation is planning to do limited testing of IPv6 on June 2-3. If there are not too many problems, we may fully enable IPv6 on [http://www.worldipv6day.org/ World IPv6 day] (June 6), and keep it enabled.

What this means for your project:

*At least on June 2-3, 2012, you may see a small number of edits from IPv6 addresses, which are in the form &quot;&lt;code&gt;2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334&lt;/code&gt;&quot;. See e.g. [[w:en:IPv6 address]]. These addresses should behave like any other IP address: You can leave messages on their talk pages; you can track their contributions; you can block them. (See [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IPv6 initiative/2012 IPv6 Day announcement|the full version of this announcement]] for notes on range blocks.)

*In the mid term, some user scripts and tools will need to be adapted for IPv6. 

*We suspect that IPv6 usage is going to be very low initially, meaning that abuse should be manageable, and we will assist in the monitoring of the situation.

Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IPv6 initiative/2012 IPv6 Day announcement|the full version of this announcement]] on how to test the behavior of IPv6 with various tools and how to leave bug reports, and to find a fuller analysis of the implications of the IPv6 migration.

--[[m:User:Eloquence|Erik Möller, VP of Engineering and Product Development, Wikimedia Foundation]] 01:31, 2 Oṣù Kẹfà 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0201 --&gt;

== 2011 Picture of the Year competition ==

&lt;small&gt;[[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Translations/mk|{{#language:mk}}]] • [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Translations/no|{{#language:no}}]] • [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Translations/pl|{{#language:pl}}]]&lt;/small&gt; 

Dear Wikimedians,

Wikimedia Commons is happy to announce that the ''2011 Picture of the Year competition'' is now open. We are interested in your opinion as to which images qualify to be the ''Picture of the Year 2011''. Any user registered at Commons or a Wikimedia wiki SUL-related to Commons [//toolserver.org/~pathoschild/accounteligibility/?user=&amp;wiki=&amp;event=24 with more than 75 edits before 1 April 2012 (UTC)] is welcome to vote and, of course everyone is welcome to view!

Detailed information about the contest can be found [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Introduction|at the introductory page]].

About 600 of the best of Wikimedia Common's photos, animations, movies and graphics were chosen &amp;ndash;by the international Wikimedia Commons community&amp;ndash; out of 12 million files during ''2011'' and are now called ''Featured Pictures''.

From professional animal and plant shots to breathtaking panoramas and skylines, restorations of historically relevant images, images portraying the world's best architecture, maps, emblems, diagrams created with the most modern technology, and impressive human portraits, Commons ''Features Pictures'' of all flavors.  

For your convenience, we have sorted the images [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Galleries|into topic categories]]. 

We regret that you receive this message in English; we intended to use banners to notify you in your native language but there was both, human and technical resistance.

See you on Commons!
--[[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2011/Committee|Picture of the Year 2011 Committee]] 18:46, 5 Oṣù Kẹfà 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0205 --&gt;

== Help decide about more than $10 million of Wikimedia donations in the coming year ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
''(Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it)''

Hi,

As many of you are aware, the Wikimedia Board of Trustees recently initiated important changes in the way that money is being distributed within the Wikimedia movement. As part of this, a new community-led &quot;[[m:Funds_Dissemination_Committee/Framework_for_the_Creation_and_Initial_Operation_of_the_FDC|Funds Dissemination Committee]]&quot; (FDC) is currently being set up. Already in 2012-13, its recommendations will guide the decisions about the distribution of over 10 million US dollars among the Foundation, chapters and other [[m:Funds_Dissemination_Committee/Framework_for_the_Creation_and_Initial_Operation_of_the_FDC#Eligible_fund-seeking_entities|eligible entities]].

Now, seven capable, knowledgeable and trustworthy community members are sought to volunteer on the initial Funds Dissemination Committee. It is expected to take up its work in September. In addition, a community member is sought to be the [[m:Funds_Dissemination_Committee/Framework_for_the_Creation_and_Initial_Operation_of_the_FDC#FDC_Ombudsperson|Ombudsperson]] for the FDC process. If you are interested in joining the committee, read the [[m:Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for Volunteers|call for volunteers]]. Nominations are planned to close on August 15.

--[[m:User:ASengupta_(WMF)|Anasuya Sengupta]], Director of Global Learning and Grantmaking, Wikimedia Foundation 20:31, 19 Oṣù Keje 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0223 --&gt;

== More opportunities for you to access free research databases ==

The quest to get editors free access to the sources they need is gaining momentum.
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Credo|Credo Reference]]''' provides full-text online versions of nearly 1200 published reference works from more than 70 publishers in every major subject, including general and subject dictionaries and encyclopedias.  There are '''125''' full Credo 350 accounts available, with access even to 100 more references works than in Credo's original donation.  All you need is a 1-year old account with 1000 edits.  Sign up [[w:en:Wikipedia:Credo#Sign-up sheet|here]].
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:HighBeam|HighBeam Research]]''' has access to over 80 million articles from 6,500 publications including newspapers, magazines, academic journals, newswires, trade magazines and encyclopedias.  Thousands of new articles are added daily, and archives date back over 25 years covering a wide range of subjects and industries.  There are '''250''' full access 1-year accounts available.  All you need is a 1-year old account with 1000 edits.  Sign up [[w:en:Wikipedia:HighBeam/Applications|here]].
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Questia|Questia]]'''  is an online research library for books and journal articles focusing on the humanities and social sciences. Questia has curated titles from over 300 trusted publishers including 77,000 full-text books and 4 million journal, magazine, and newspaper articles, as well as encyclopedia entries.  There will soon be '''1000''' full access 1-year accounts available.  All you need is a 1-year old account with 1000 edits.  Sign up [[w:en:Wikipedia:Questia#Apply here: Round 1|here]].
You might also be interested in the idea to create a central '''Wikipedia Library''' where approved editors would have access to ''all'' participating resource donors.  Add your feedback to the [[m:Wikimedia Fellowships/Project Ideas/The Wikipedia Library|Community Fellowship proposal]].  Apologies for the English message ([http://translate.google.com/ translate here]).  Go sign up :)  --[[w:en:User:Ocaasi|Ocaasi]] ([[w:en:User talk:Ocaasi|talk]]) 02:27, 16 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2012 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0232 --&gt;

== Request for Comment: Legal Fees Assistance Program ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
''I apologize for addressing you in English. I would be grateful if you could translate this message into your language.''

The Wikimedia Foundation is conducting a [[:m:Request_for_comment/Legal_Fees_Assistance_Program|request for comment]] on a [[:m:Legal_and_Community_Advocacy/Legal_Fees_Assistance_Program|proposed program]] that could provide legal assistance to users in specific support roles who are named in a legal complaint as a defendant because of those roles. We wanted to be sure that your community was aware of this discussion and would have a chance to participate in [[:m:Request_for_comment/Legal_Fees_Assistance_Program|that discussion]]. 

If this page is not the best place to publicize this request for comment, please help spread the word to those who may be interested in participating. (If you'd like to help translating the &quot;request for comment&quot;, program policy or other pages into your language and don't know how the translation system works, please come by my user talk page at [[:m:User talk:Mdennis (WMF)]]. I'll be happy to assist or to connect you with a volunteer who can assist.)
 
Thank you! --[[:m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Mdennis (WMF)]]02:18, 6 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0245 --&gt;

== Wikidata is getting close to a first roll-out ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
(Apologies if this message isn't in your language.) 

As some of you might already have heard Wikimedia Deutschland is working on a new Wikimedia project. It is called [[m:Wikidata]]. The goal of Wikidata is to become a central data repository for the Wikipedias, its sister projects and the world. In the future it will hold data like the number of inhabitants of a country, the date of birth of a famous person or the length of a river. These can then be used in all Wikimedia projects and outside of them.

The project is divided into three phases and &quot;we are getting close to roll-out the first phase&quot;. The phases are:
# language links in the Wikipedias (making it possible to store the links between the language editions of an article just once in Wikidata instead of in each linked article)
# infoboxes (making it possible to store the data that is currently in infoboxes in one central place and share the data)
# lists (making it possible to create lists and similar things based on queries to Wikidata so they update automatically when new data is added or modified)

It'd be great if you could join us, test the [http://wikidata-test.wikimedia.de demo version], provide feedback and take part in the development of Wikidata. You can find all the relevant information including an [[m:Wikidata/FAQ|FAQ]] and sign-up links for our on-wiki newsletter on [[m:Wikidata|the Wikidata page on Meta]]. 

For further discussions please use [[m:Talk:Wikidata|this talk page]] (if you are uncomfortable writing in English you can also write in your native language there) or point [[m:User_talk:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|me]] to the place where your discussion is happening so I can answer there.

--[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 13:43, 10 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2012 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0248 --&gt;

== Upcoming software changes - please report any problems ==

[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
&lt;div dir=ltr&gt;
''(Apologies if this message isn't in your language. Please consider translating it)''

All Wikimedia wikis - including this one - will soon be upgraded with new and possibly disruptive code.  This process starts today and finishes on October 24 (see the [[mw:MediaWiki_1.21/Roadmap|upgrade schedule]] &amp; [[mw:MediaWiki 1.21/wmf2|code details]]).

Please watch for problems with:
* revision diffs
* templates
* CSS and JavaScript pages (like user scripts)
* bots
* PDF export
* images, video, and sound, especially scaling sizes
* the CologneBlue skin

If you notice any problems, please [[mw:How to report a bug|report problems]] at [[mw:Bugzilla|our defect tracker site]].  You can test for possible problems at [https://test2.wikipedia.org test2.wikipedia.org] and [https://mediawiki.org/ mediawiki.org], which have already been updated.

Thanks!  With your help we can find problems fast and get them fixed faster.

[[mw:User:Sharihareswara (WMF)|Sumana Harihareswara, Wikimedia Foundation Engineering Community Manager]] ([[mw:User talk:Sharihareswara (WMF)|talk]]) 03:20, 16 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2012 (UTC)

P.S.: For the regular, smaller MediaWiki updates every two weeks, please [[mw:MediaWiki_1.21/Roadmap|watch this schedule]].

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0278 --&gt;

== Fundraising localization: volunteers from outside the USA needed ==

''Please translate for your local community''

Hello All,

The Wikimedia Foundation's Fundraising team have begun our 'User Experience' project, with the goal of understanding the donation experience in different countries outside the USA and enhancing the localization of our donation pages. I am searching for volunteers to spend 30 minutes on a Skype chat with me, reviewing their own country's donation pages. It will be done on a 'usability' format (I will ask you to read the text and go through the donation flow) and will be asking your feedback in the meanwhile. 

The only pre-requisite is for the volunteer to actually live in the country and to have access to at least one donation method that we offer for that country (mainly credit/debit card, but also real-time banking like IDEAL, E-wallets, etc...) so we can do a live test and see if the donation goes through. ''All volunteers will be reimbursed of the donations that eventually succeed'' (and they will be low amounts, like 1-2 dollars)

By helping us you are actually helping thousands of people to support our mission of free knowledge across the world. Please sing up and help us with our 'User Experience' project! :)
If you are interested (or know of anyone who could be) please email ppena@wikimedia.org. All countries needed (excepting USA)!

Thanks!&lt;br /&gt;
[[wmf:User:Ppena|Pats Pena]]&lt;br /&gt;
Global Fundraising Operations Manager, Wikimedia Foundation

Sent using [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]], 17:25, 17 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2012 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0280 --&gt;

== Be a Wikimedia fundraising &quot;User Experience&quot; volunteer! ==

Thank you to everyone who volunteered last year on the Wikimedia fundraising 'User Experience' project. We have talked to many different people in different countries and their feedback has helped us immensely in restructuring our pages. If you haven't heard of it yet, the 'User Experience' project has the goal of understanding the donation experience in different countries (outside the USA) and enhancing the localization of our donation pages. 

I am (still) searching for volunteers to spend some time on a Skype chat with me, reviewing their own country's donation pages. It will be done on a 'usability' format (I will ask you to read the text and go through the donation flow) and will be asking your feedback in the meanwhile. 

The only pre-requisite is for the volunteer to actually live in the country and to have access to at least one donation method that we offer for that country (mainly credit/debit card, but also real time banking like IDEAL, E-wallets, etc...) so we can do a live test and see if the donation goes through. **All volunteers will be reimbursed of the donations that eventually succeed (and they will be very low amounts, like 1-2 dollars)**

By helping us you are actually helping thousands of people to support our mission of free knowledge across the world. If you are interested (or know of anyone who could be) please email ppena@wikimedia.org. All countries needed (excepting USA)!!

Thanks!

[[m:User:Ppena (WMF)|Pats Pena]]&lt;br/&gt;
Global Fundraising Operations Manager, Wikimedia Foundation

: Sent using [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]], 21:24, 8 Oṣù Kínní 2013 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 331 --&gt;

== Wikimedia sites to move to primary data center in Ashburn, Virginia. Read-only mode expected. ==

(Apologies if this message isn't in your language.) Next week, the Wikimedia Foundation will transition its main technical operations to a new data center in Ashburn, Virginia, USA. This is intended to improve the technical performance and reliability of all Wikimedia sites, including this wiki. There will be some times when the site will be in read-only mode, and there may be full outages; the current target windows for the migration are January 22nd, 23rd and 24th, 2013, from 17:00 to 01:00 UTC (see [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?msg=Wikimedia+data+center+migration&amp;iso=20130122T17&amp;ah=8 other timezones] on timeanddate.com). More information is available [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/01/19/wikimedia-sites-move-to-primary-data-center-in-ashburn-virginia/ in the full announcement].

If you would like to stay informed of future technical upgrades, consider [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|becoming a Tech ambassador]] and [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/wikitech-ambassadors joining the ambassadors mailing list]. You will be able to help your fellow Wikimedians have a voice in technical discussions and be notified of important decisions.

Thank you for your help and your understanding.

[[:m:user:guillom|Guillaume Paumier]], via the [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery system]] &lt;small&gt;([[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|wrong page? You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;. 15:48, 19 Oṣù Kínní 2013 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0338 --&gt;
== Picture of the Year voting round 1 open ==
Dear Wikimedians,

Wikimedia Commons is happy to announce that the 2012 Picture of the Year competition is now open.  We're interested in your opinion as to which images qualify to be the Picture of the Year for 2012. Voting is open to established Wikimedia users who meet the following criteria:

:# Users must have an account, at any Wikimedia project, which was registered '''before Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 +0000''' [UTC].
:# This user account must have more than '''75 edits''' on '''any single''' Wikimedia project '''before Tue, 01 Jan 2013 00:00:00 +0000''' [UTC]. Please check your account eligibility at the [//toolserver.org/~pathoschild/accounteligibility/?user=&amp;wiki=&amp;event=27 POTY 2012 Contest Eligibility tool].
:# Users must vote with an account meeting the above requirements either on Commons or another SUL-related Wikimedia project (for other Wikimedia projects, the account must be attached to the user's Commons account through [[meta:Help:Unified login|SUL]]).

Hundreds of images that have been rated Featured Pictures by the international Wikimedia Commons community in the past year are all entered in this competition. From professional animal and plant shots to breathtaking panoramas and skylines, restorations of historically relevant images, images portraying the world's best architecture, maps, emblems, diagrams created with the most modern technology, and impressive human portraits, Commons features pictures of all flavors.  

For your convenience, we have sorted the images into topic categories. Two rounds of voting will be held: In the first round, you can vote for as many images as you like. The first round category winners and the top ten overall will then make it to the final.  In the final round, when a limited number of images are left, you must decide on the one image that you want to become the Picture of the Year.

To see the candidate images just go to [[commons:Commons:Picture_of_the_Year/2012|the POTY 2012 page on Wikimedia Commons]].

Wikimedia Commons celebrates our featured images of 2012 with this contest. Your votes decide the Picture of the Year, so remember to vote in the first round by '''January 30, 2013'''.

Thanks,&lt;br /&gt;
the Wikimedia Commons Picture of the Year committee&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered based on [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery]]. Translation fetched from: [[:commons:Commons:Picture of the Year/2012/Translations/Village Pump/en]] -- [[Oníṣe:Rillke|Rillke]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Rillke|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 00:02, 23 Oṣù Kínní 2013 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;

== Help turn ideas into grants in the new IdeaLab ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia_Foundation_RGB_logo_with_text.svg|80px|right]]
''I apologize if this message is not in your language. Please help translate it.''

*Do you have an idea for a project to improve this community or website?
*Do you think you could complete your idea if only you had some funding?
*Do you want to help other people turn their ideas into project plans or grant proposals?

Please join us in the [[m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]], an incubator for project ideas and Individual Engagement Grant proposals.

The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking new ideas and proposals for Individual Engagement Grants. These grants fund individuals or small groups to complete projects that help improve this community. If interested, please submit a completed proposal by February 15, 2013. Please visit https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:IEG for more information.

Thanks!  --[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Individual Engagement Grants, Wikimedia Foundation]] 20:59, 30 Oṣù Kínní 2013 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0344 --&gt;

== Wikidata phase 1 (language links) coming to this Wikipedia ==

[[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]]
Sorry for writing in English. I hope someone can translate this locally.

[[d:|Wikidata]] has been in development for a few months now. It is now time for the roll-out of the first part of it on your Wikipedia. Phase 1 is the support for the management of language links. It is already being used on the Hungarian, Hebrew, Italian and English Wikipedias. The next step is to enable the extension on all other Wikipedias. We have currently planned this for March 6.

=== What is Wikidata? ===
Wikidata is a central place to store data that you can usually find in infoboxes. Think of it as something like Wikimedia Commons but for data (like the number of inhabitants of a country or the length of a river) instead of multimedia. The first part of this project (centralizing language links) is being rolled out now. The more fancy things will follow later.

=== What is going to happen? ===
Language links in the sidebar are going to come from Wikidata in addition to the ones in the wiki text. To edit them, scroll to the bottom of the language links, and click edit. You no longer need to maintain these links by hand in the wiki text of the article.

=== Where can I find more information and ask questions? ===
Editors on en:wp have created a [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikidata|great page with all the necessary information for editors]] and there is also an [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|FAQ for this deployment]]. Please ask questions you might have on [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|the FAQ’s discussion page]].

=== I want to be kept up to date about Wikidata ===
To stay up-to-date on everything happening around Wikidata please [[meta:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|subscribe]] to the newsletter that is delivered weekly to subscribed user’s talk pages. You can see previous editions [[meta:Wikidata/Newsletter/Archive|here]].

--[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 16:20, 21 Oṣù Kejì 2013 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0366 --&gt;

== Wikidata phase 1 (language links) live on this Wikipedia ==

[[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]]
Sorry for writing in English. I hope someone can translate this locally. If you understand German better than English you can have a look at the announcement on [[:de:Wikipedia:Kurier]].

As I annonced 2 weeks ago, [[d:|Wikidata]] phase 1 (language links) has been deployed here today. Language links in the sidebar are coming from Wikidata in addition to the ones in the wiki text. To edit them, scroll to the bottom of the language links, and click edit. You no longer need to maintain these links by hand in the wiki text of the article.

'''Where can I find more information and ask questions?'''
Editors on en:wp have created a [[:en:Wikipedia:Wikidata|great page with all the necessary information for editors]] and there is also an [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|FAQ for this deployment]]. It'd be great if you could bring this to this wiki if that has not already happened. Please ask questions you might have on [[meta:Talk:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|the FAQ’s discussion page]].

'''I want to be kept up to date about Wikidata'''
To stay up-to-date on everything happening around Wikidata please [[meta:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|subscribe]] to the newsletter that is delivered weekly to subscribed user’s talk pages.

--[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 23:14, 6 Oṣù Kẹta 2013 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0373 --&gt;

== Convert complex templates to Lua to make them faster and more powerful ==

&lt;small&gt;(Please consider translating this message for the benefit of your fellow Wikimedians)&lt;/small&gt;

Greetings. As you might have seen on the [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/03/11/lua-templates-faster-more-flexible-pages/ Wikimedia tech blog] or the [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-March/000171.html tech ambassadors list], a new functionality called &quot;Lua&quot; is being enabled on all Wikimedia sites today. [[mw:Lua|Lua]] is a scripting language that enables you to write faster and more powerful MediaWiki templates.

If you have questions about how to convert existing templates to Lua (or how to create new ones), we'll be holding two support sessions on IRC next week: [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=02&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=20&amp;month=03&amp;year=2013 one on Wednesday] (for Oceania, Asia &amp; America) and [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=22&amp;month=03&amp;year=2013 one on Friday] (for Europe, Africa &amp; America); see [[m:IRC office hours]] for the details. If you can't make it, you can also get help at [[mw:Talk:Lua scripting]].

If you'd like to learn about this kind of events earlier in advance, consider becoming a [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|Tech ambassador]] by subscribing to the [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/wikitech-ambassadors mailing list]. You will also be able to help your fellow Wikimedians have a voice in technical discussions and be notified of important decisions.

[[:m:user:guillom|Guillaume Paumier]], via the [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery system]]. 20:31, 13 Oṣù Kẹta 2013 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;([[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|wrong page? You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0379 --&gt;

== Wikidata phase 2 (infoboxes) coming to this Wikipedia ==

[[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]]
Sorry for writing in English. I hope someone can translate this. If you understand German better than English you can have a look at the announcement on [[:de:Wikipedia:Kurier]].

A while ago the first phase of [[d:|Wikidata]] was enabled on this Wikipedia. This means you are getting the language links in each article from Wikidata. It is soon time to enable the second phase of Wikidata (infoboxes) here. We have already done this on the [[http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/03/27/you-can-have-all-the-data/ first 11 Wikipedias]] (it, he, hu, ru, tr, uk, uz, hr, bs, sr, sh) and things are looking good. The next step is English Wikipedia. This is planned for April 8. '''If everything works out fine we will deploy on all remaining Wikipedias on April 10.''' I will update [[m:Wikidata/Deployment Questions#When_will_this_be_deployed_on_my_Wikipedia.3F|this part of the FAQ]] if there are any issues forcing us to change this date. I will also sent another note to this village pump once the deployment is finished.

'''What will happen once we have phase 2 enabled here?'''
Once it is enabled in a few days you will be able to make use of the structured data that is available on Wikidata in your articles/infoboxes. It includes things like the symbol for a chemical element, the ISBN for a book or the top level domain of a country. (None of this will happen automatically. Someone will have to change the article or infobox template for this to happen!)

'''How will this work?'''
There are two ways to access the data:
* Use a parser function like &lt;nowiki&gt;{{#property:p169}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; in the wiki text of the article on Yahoo!. This will return “[[d:Q14086|Marissa Mayer]]” as she is the [[d:Property:P169|chief executive officer]] of the [[d:Q37093|company]].
* For more complicated things you can use Lua. The documentation for this is [[mw:Extension:WikibaseClient/Lua|here]].

We are working on expanding the parser function so you can for example use &lt;nowiki&gt;{{#property:chief executive officer}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; instead of &lt;nowiki&gt;{{#property:p169}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;. The complete plan for this is [[meta:Wikidata/Notes/Inclusion syntax|here]].

'''Where can I test this?'''
You can already test it on [http://test2.wikipedia.org test2].

'''Where can I find more information and ask questions?'''
We have collected the main questions in an [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|FAQ for this deployment]]. Please ask questions you might have on [[meta:Talk:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|the FAQ’s discussion page]].

'''I want to be kept up to date about Wikidata'''
To stay up-to-date on everything happening around Wikidata please [[meta:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|subscribe]] to the newsletter that is delivered weekly to subscribed user’s talk pages.

--[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 17:15, 5 Oṣù Kẹrin 2013 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0399 --&gt;

== [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|Request for comment on inactive administrators]] ==

&lt;small&gt;(Please consider translating this message for the benefit of your fellow Wikimedians. Please also consider translating [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Summary|the proposal]].)&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;[[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message|Read this message in English]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ast|Lleer esti mensaxe n'asturianu]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/bn|বাংলায় এই বার্তাটি পড়ুন]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ca|Llegiu aquest missatge en català]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/da|Læs denne besked på dansk]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/de|Lies diese Nachricht auf Deutsch]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/egl|Leś cal mesag' chè in Emiliàn]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/es|Leer este mensaje en español]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/fi|Lue tämä viesti suomeksi]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/fr|Lire ce message en français]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/gl|Ler esta mensaxe en galego]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/hi|हिन्दी]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/hr|Pročitajte ovu poruku na hrvatskom]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/id|Baca pesan ini dalam Bahasa Indonesia]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/it|Leggi questo messaggio in italiano]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/kn|ಈ ಸಂದೇಶವನ್ನು ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ಓದಿ]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/mt|Aqra dan il-messaġġ bil-Malti]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/nb|norsk (bokmål)]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/nl|Lees dit bericht in het Nederlands]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/pl|Przeczytaj tę wiadomość po polsku]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ro|Citiți acest mesaj în română]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/ru|Прочитать это сообщение на русском]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/so|Farriintaan ku aqri Af-Soomaali]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/sr|Pročitaj ovu poruku na srpskom (Прочитај ову поруку на српском)]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/th|อ่านข้อความนี้ในภาษาไทย]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/uk|Прочитати це повідомлення українською мовою]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/vi|Đọc thông báo bằng tiếng Việt]] / [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message/zh|使用中文阅读本信息。]]&lt;/small&gt;

Hello!

There is [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|a new request for comment]] on Meta-Wiki concerning the removal of administrative rights from long-term inactive Wikimedians. Generally, this proposal from stewards would apply to wikis without an administrators' review process.

We are also compiling a [[m:Talk:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|list of projects]] with procedures for removing inactive administrators on the talk page of the request for comment. Feel free to add your project(s) to the list if you have a policy on administrator inactivity.

All input is appreciated. The discussion may close as soon as 21 May 2013 (2013-05-21), but this will be extended if needed.

Thanks, [[m:User:Billinghurst|Billinghurst]] &lt;small&gt;(thanks to all the [[m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders/Global message|translators]]!)&lt;/small&gt; 05:31, 24 Oṣù Kẹrin 2013 (UTC)
:&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0430 --&gt;

== Wikidata phase 2 (infoboxes) is here ==

[[File:Wikidata-logo-en.svg|150px|right]]
Sorry for writing in English. I hope someone can translate this. If you understand German better than English you can have a look at the announcement on [[:de:Wikipedia:Kurier]].

A while ago the first phase of [[d:|Wikidata]] was enabled on this Wikipedia. This means you are getting the language links in each article from Wikidata. We have now enabled the second phase of Wikidata (infoboxes) here. We have already done this on the [[http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/03/27/you-can-have-all-the-data/ first 11 Wikipedias]] (it, he, hu, ru, tr, uk, uz, hr, bs, sr, sh) a month ago and [http://blog.wikimedia.de/2013/04/22/and-that-makes-12/ two days ago on the English Wikipedia]. Today all the remaining Wikipedias followed.

'''What does having phase 2 enabled here mean?'''
You are now able to make use of the structured data that is available on Wikidata in your articles/infoboxes. It includes things like the symbol for a chemical element, the ISBN for a book or the top level domain of a country. (None of this will happen automatically. Someone will have to change the article or infobox template for this to happen!) The current state is just the beginning though. It will be extended based on feedback we get from you now.

'''How will this work?'''
There are two ways to access the data:
* Use a parser function like &lt;nowiki&gt;{{#property:p159}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; in the wiki text of the article on Wikimedia Foundation. This will return “[[d:Q62|San Francisco]]” as that is the [[d:Property:P159|headquarter location]] of the [[d:180|non-profit]].
* For more complicated things you can use Lua. The documentation for this is [[mw:Extension:WikibaseClient/Lua|here]].

We are working on expanding the parser function so you can for example use &lt;nowiki&gt;{{#property:headquarter location}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; instead of &lt;nowiki&gt;{{#property:p159}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;. The complete plan for this is [[meta:Wikidata/Notes/Inclusion syntax|here]].

'''Where can I test this?'''
You can test it on [http://test2.wikipedia.org test2] if you don't want to do it in an article here.

'''Where can I find more information and ask questions?'''
We have collected the main questions in an [[meta:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|FAQ for this deployment]]. Please ask questions you might have on [[meta:Talk:Wikidata/Deployment Questions|the FAQ’s discussion page]].

'''I want to be kept up to date about Wikidata'''
To stay up-to-date on everything happening around Wikidata please [[meta:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikidata|subscribe]] to the newsletter that is delivered weekly to subscribed user’s talk pages.


We are excited about taking yet another step towards allowing all Wikipedias share structured data and collect and curate it together.
--[[m:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] 19:25, 24 Oṣù Kẹrin 2013 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0431 --&gt;

== [en] Change to wiki account system and account renaming ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Some accounts will soon be renamed due to a technical change that the developer team at Wikimedia are making. [[m:Single User Login finalisation announcement|More details on Meta]].

&lt;small&gt;(Distributed via [[m:global message delivery|global message delivery]] 04:19, 30 Oṣù Kẹrin 2013 (UTC). Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0437 --&gt;

== [en] Change to section edit links ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The default position of the &quot;edit&quot; link in page section headers is going to change soon. The &quot;edit&quot; link will be positioned adjacent to the page header text rather than floating opposite it.

Section edit links will be to the immediate right of section titles, instead of on the far right. If you're an editor of one of the wikis which already implemented this change, nothing will substantially change for you; however, scripts and gadgets depending on the previous implementation of section edit links will have to be adjusted to continue working; however, nothing else should break even if they are not updated in time.

[[m:Change to section edit links|Detailed information and a timeline]] is available on meta.

Ideas to do this all the way to 2009 at least. It is often difficult to track which of several potential section edit links on the far right is associated with the correct section, and many readers and anonymous or new editors may even be failing to notice section edit links at all, since they read section titles, which are far away from the links.

&lt;small&gt;(Distributed via [[m:global message delivery|global message delivery]] 19:08, 30 Oṣù Kẹrin 2013 (UTC). Wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0438 --&gt;

== Tech newsletter: Subscribe to receive the next editions ==

&lt;div style=&quot;width:auto; padding: 1em; background:#fdf6e3;&quot; class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; &gt;&lt;big&gt;Latest '''[[m:Tech/News|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#268bd2;&quot;&gt;Tech news&lt;/span&gt;]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community.&lt;/big&gt; ''Please inform other users about these changes.''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;width:auto; padding: 1em; border: 2px solid #fdf6e3;&quot; class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; &gt;
;Recent software changes: ''(Not all changes will affect you.)''

* The latest version of MediaWiki (version [[mw:MediaWiki 1.22/wmf4|1.22/wmf4]]) was added to non-Wikipedia wikis on May 13, and to the English Wikipedia (with a Wikidata software update) on May 20. It will be updated on all other Wikipedia sites on May 22. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=ed976cf0c14fa3632fd10d9300bb646bfd6fe751;hp=c6c7bb1e5caaddf7325de9eef0e7bf85bcf5cc35] [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* A software update will perhaps result in temporary issues with images. Please [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|report any problems]] you notice. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* MediaWiki recognizes links in twelve new [[:w:en:URI scheme|schemes]]. Users can now link to [[:w:en:SSH|SSH]], [[:w:en:XMPP|XMPP]] and [[:w:en:Bitcoin|Bitcoin]] directly from wikicode. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=mediawiki/core.git;a=commitdiff;h=a89d623302b5027dbb2d06941a22372948757685]
* VisualEditor was added to [[bugzilla:48430|all content namespaces]] on mediawiki.org on May 20. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* A new extension (&quot;TemplateData&quot;) was added to all Wikipedia sites on May 20. It will allow a future version of VisualEditor to [[bugzilla:44444|edit templates]]. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* New sites: [[:voy:el:|Greek Wikivoyage]] and [[:wikt:vec:|Venetian Wiktionary]] joined the Wikimedia family last week; the total number of project wikis is now 794. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=5d7536b403730bb502580e21243f923c3b79da0e] [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=43c9eebdfc976333be5c890439ba1fae3bef46f7]
* The logo of 18 Wikipedias was changed to [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_logos#The_May_2010_logo|version 2.0]] in a [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2013-May/125999.html third group of updates]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commitdiff;h=4688adbe467440eea318eecf04839fdd9ffa0565] 
* The [[:commons:Special:UploadWizard|UploadWizard]] on Commons now shows links to the old upload form in 55 languages ([[:bugzilla:33513|bug 33513]]). [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/gitweb?p=operations/mediawiki-config.git;a=commit;h=4197fa18a22660296d0e5b84820d5ebb4cef46d4]

;Future software changes:
* The next version of MediaWiki (version 1.22/wmf5) will be added to Wikimedia sites starting on May 27. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* An updated version of [[mw:Echo (Notifications)|Notifications]], with new features and fewer bugs, will be added to the English Wikipedia on May 23. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069458.html]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Single User Login finalisation announcement|final version]] of the &quot;single user login&quot; (which allows people to use the same username on different Wikimedia wikis) is moved to August 2013. The software will [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-April/000217.html automatically rename] some usernames. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-May/000233.html]
* A [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flow|new discussion system]] for MediaWiki, called &quot;Flow&quot;, is under development. Wikimedia designers need your help to inform other users, [http://unicorn.wmflabs.org/flow/ test the prototype] and discuss the interface. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2013-May/069433.html].
* The Wikimedia Foundation is hiring people to act as links between software developers and users for VisualEditor. [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2013-May/000245.html]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:90%; font-style:italic; background:#fdf6e3; padding:1em;&quot;&gt;'''[[m:Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|tech ambassadors]] and posted by [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] • [[m:Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]] • [[m:Tech/News/2013/21|Translate]] • [[m:Tech|Get help]] • [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Unsubscribe]] • 21:23, 20 Oṣù Kàrún 2013 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;float:left; background:#eee8d5; border: .2em solid #dc322f; border-left: .7em solid #dc322f; padding: 1em; &quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:#dc322f;font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;Important note:&lt;/span&gt; This is the first edition of the [[m:Tech/News|Tech News]] weekly summaries, which help you monitor recent software changes likely to impact you and your fellow Wikimedians.

'''If you want to continue to receive the next issues every week''', please '''[[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|subscribe to the newsletter]]'''. You can subscribe to your personal talk page and a community page like this one. The newsletter can be [[m:Tech/News/2013/21|translated into your language]].

You can also [[m:Tech/Ambassadors|become a tech ambassador]], [[m:Tech/News|help us write the next newsletter]] and [[m:Talk:Tech/News|tell us what to improve]]. Your feedback is greatly appreciated. [[m:user:guillom|guillom]] 21:23, 20 Oṣù Kàrún 2013 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0455 --&gt;

== Trademark discussion ==

Hi, apologies for posting this in English, but I wanted to alert your community to a discussion on Meta about potential changes to the Wikimedia Trademark Policy. Please translate this statement if you can. We hope that you will all participate in the discussion; we also welcome translations of the legal team’s statement into as many languages as possible and encourage you to voice your thoughts there. Please see the [[:m:Trademark practices discussion|Trademark practices discussion (on Meta-Wiki)]] for more information. Thank you! --[[:m:User:Mdennis_(WMF)|Mdennis (WMF)]] ([[:m:User talk:Mdennis_(WMF)|talk]])
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0473 --&gt;

== Free Research Accounts from Leading Medical Publisher.  Come and Sign up! ==

[[EN:W:TWL|The Wikipedia Library]] gets Wikipedia editors free access to reliable sources that are behind paywalls.  I want to alert you to our latest donation.
*'''[[Cochrane Collaboration]]''' is an independent medical nonprofit organization that conducts systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials of health-care interventions, which it then publishes in the Cochrane Library.
*Cochrane has generously agreed to give ''free, full-access accounts to medical editors''.  Individual access would otherwise cost between $300 and $800 per account.
*'''If you are active as a medical editor, come and [[WP:COCHRANE|sign up :)]]'''
Cheers, [[EN:W:User:Ocaasi|Ocaasi]] 21:24, 16 Oṣù Kẹfà 2013 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0487 --&gt;

== Cochrane Library Sign-up (correct link) ==

My apologies for the incorrect link:  You can sign up for '''[[EN:W:Cochrane Collaboration|Cochrane Collaboration]]''' accounts at the [[EN:W:WP:COCHRANE|COCHRANE sign-up page]]'''. Cheers, [[EN:W:User:Ocaasi|Ocaasi]] 21:58, 16 Oṣù Kẹfà 2013 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0488 --&gt;

== [[:m:Requests_for_comment/X!'s_Edit_Counter|X!'s Edit Counter]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(Sorry for writing in English. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Requests_for_comment/X!%27s_Edit_Counter/Summary|translate the proposal]].)&lt;/small&gt;

Should [[tools:~tparis/pcount|X!'s edit counter]] retain the opt-in requirement? Your input is strongly encouraged. [[:m:Requests_for_comment/X!'s_Edit_Counter|Voice your input here]].—[[:m:w:User:Cyberpower678|&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;font-family:Neuropol&quot;&gt;cyberpower]] [[:m:w:User talk:Cyberpower678|&lt;sup style=&quot;color:purple;font-family:arnprior&quot;&gt;Chat]]&lt;sub style=&quot;margin-left:-4.4ex;color:purple;font-family:arnprior&quot;&gt;Automation&lt;/sub&gt; 05:10, 23 Oṣù Kẹfà 2013 (UTC)
:&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0505 --&gt;

== Universal Language Selector will be enabled on 2013-07-09 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
On July 9, 2013, [[mw:Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) will be enabled on this wiki. The ULS provides a flexible way to configure and deliver language settings like interface language, fonts, and input methods (keyboard mappings). Making it available here is the last phase of making ULS available on all Wikimedia wikis.

Please read the announcement on [[m:Announcement Universal Language Selector|Meta-Wiki]] for more information. [[m:User_talk:Siebrand|Siebrand]] 13:06, 4 Oṣù Keje 2013 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]).&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0515 --&gt;

== Pywikipedia is migrating to git ==

Hello, Sorry for English but It's very important for bot operators so I hope someone translates this.
[[mw:PWB|Pywikipedia]] is migrating to Git so after July 26, SVN checkouts won't be updated If you're using Pywikipedia you have to switch to git, otherwise you will use out-dated framework and your bot might not work properly. There is a [[mw:Manual:Pywikipediabot/Gerrit|manual]] for doing that and a [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/07/21/pywikipediabot-moving-to-git-on-july-26/ blog post] explaining about this change in non-technical language. If you have question feel free to ask in [[mw:Manual talk:Pywikipediabot/Gerrit]], [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/pywikipedia-l mailing list], or in the [irc://irc.freenode.net/#pywikipediabot IRC channel]. Best [[mw:User:Ladsgroup|Amir]] &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]).&lt;/small&gt; 13:57, 23 Oṣù Keje 2013 (UTC)
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0534 --&gt;

== VisualEditor and your Wikipedia ==

''(Please translate this message)''

Greetings,

The Wikimedia Foundation will soon turn on [[mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] for all users, all the time on your Wikipedia. Right now your Wikipedia does not have any local documents on VisualEditor, and we hope that your community can change that. To find out about how you can help with translations visit the [[mw:VisualEditor/TranslationCentral|TranslationCentral for VisualEditor]] and read the easy instructions on [[mw:VisualEditor/Portal/Localization|bringing information to your Wikipedia]]. The [[mw:Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|User Guide]] and the [[mw:Help:VisualEditor/FAQ|FAQ]] are very important to have in your language.
 
We want to find out as much as we can from you about VisualEditor and how it helps your Wikipedia, and having local pages is a great way to start. We also encourage you to [[mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|leave feedback on Mediawiki]] where the community can offer ideas, opinions, and point out bugs that may still exist in the software that need to be reported to [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/describecomponents.cgi?product=VisualEditor Bugzilla]. 
If you are able to speak for the concerns of others in English on MediaWiki or locally I encourage you to help your community to be represented in this process.

If you can help translate the user interface for VisualEditor to your language, you can help with that as well. [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&amp;x=D&amp;group=ext-visualeditor#sortable:3=desc Translatewiki] has open tasks for translating VisualEditor. A direct link to translate the user interface is [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translate?filter=!translated&amp;action=translate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor here].  You can see how we are doing with those translations [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&amp;x=D&amp;group=ext-visualeditor#sortable:3=desc here]. You need an account on Translatewiki to translate.  This account is free and easy to create.

If we can help your community in any way with this process, please let me know and I will do my best to assist your Wikipedia with this |exciting development. You can contact me on my [[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|meta talk page]] or by [[Special:EmailUser/Keegan (WMF)|email]].  You can also contact [[mw:User_talk:PEarley_(WMF)|Patrick Earley]] for help with translations and documents on Mediawiki.  We look forward to working with you to bring the VisualEditor experience to your Wikipedia! [[:m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[:m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 19:17, 30 Oṣù Keje 2013 (UTC)
:&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[:m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]]. (Wrong page? [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Fix here]].)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0549 --&gt;

== HTTPS for users with an account ==

Greetings. Starting on August 21 (tomorrow), all users with an account will be using [[m:w:en:HTTPS|HTTPS]] to access Wikimedia sites. HTTPS brings better security and improves your privacy. More information is available at [[m:HTTPS]].

If HTTPS causes problems for you, tell us [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org on bugzilla], [[m:IRC|on IRC]] (in the &lt;code&gt;#wikimedia-operations&lt;/code&gt; channel) or [[m:Talk:HTTPS|on meta]]. If you can't use the other methods, you can also send an e-mail to &lt;code&gt;https@wikimedia.org&lt;/code&gt;.

[[m:User:Greg (WMF)|Greg Grossmeier]] &lt;small&gt;(via the [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] system)&lt;/small&gt;. 19:53, 20 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2013 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0560 --&gt;

== [[:m:Community Logo/Request for consultation|Request for consultation on community logo]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|thumb|Request for consultation on this community logo]]

First, I’d like to apologize for the English. If you can, please help to translate this for other members of your community.

The legal team at the Wikimedia Foundation would greatly appreciate your input on the best way to manage the &quot;community logo&quot; (pictured here) to best balance protection of the projects with community support. Accordingly, they have created a “request for consultation” on Meta where they set out briefly some of the issues to be considered and the options that they perceive. [[:m:Community Logo/Request for consultation|Your input would be invaluable]] in helping guide them in how best to serve our mission.

Thank you! --[[m:User:Mdennis|Mdennis]] ([[m:User talk:Mdennis|talk]]) &lt;small&gt;(via the [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] system)&lt;/small&gt;. 03:25, 24 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2013 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0590 --&gt;

== [[mw:Echo|Notifications]] ==

[[File:Notifications-Flyout-Screenshot-08-10-2013-Cropped.png|thumb|300px|Notifications inform you of new activity that affects you -- and let you take quick action.]]
''(This message is in English, please translate as needed)''

Greetings!  

[[mw:Echo|Notifications]] will inform users about new activity that affects them on this wiki in a unified way: for example, this new tool will let you know when you have new talk page messages, edit reverts, mentions or links -- and is designed to augment (rather than replace) the watchlist. The Wikimedia Foundation's editor engagement team developed this tool (code-named 'Echo') earlier this year, to help users contribute more productively to MediaWiki projects. 

We're now getting ready to bring Notifications to almost all other Wikimedia sites, and are aiming for a 22 October deployment, as outlined in [[mw:Echo/Release_Plan_2013|this release plan]]. It is important that notifications is translated for all of the languages we serve.  

There are three major points of translation needed to be either done or checked:
*[https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&amp;x=D&amp;group=ext-echo#sortable:3=desc Echo on translatewiki for user interface] - you must have an account on translatewiki to translate
*[https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&amp;x=D&amp;group=ext-thanks#sortable:3=desc Thanks on translatewiki for user interface] - you must have an account on translatewiki to translate
*[[mw:Help:Notifications|Notifications help on mediawiki.org]].  This page can be hosted after translation on mediawiki.org or we can localize it to this Wikipedia.  You do not have to have an account to translate on mediawiki, but single-user login will create it for you there if you follow the link.
:*[[mw:Echo/Release Plan 2013#Checklist|Checklist]]

Please let us know if you have any questions, suggestions or comments about this new tool. For more information, visit [[mw:Echo_(Notifications)|this project hub]] and [[mw:Help:Notifications|this help page]]. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 19:26, 4 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2013 (UTC)
:&lt;small&gt;(via the [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] system) (wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|You can fix it.]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0597 --&gt;

== Speak up about the trademark registration of the Community logo. ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Hi all, 

Please join the consultation about the Community logo that represents Meta-Wiki: [[:m:Community Logo/Request for consultation]].

This community consultation was commenced on September 24. The following day, two individuals filed a legal opposition against the registration of the Community logo.

The question is whether the Wikimedia Foundation should seek a collective membership mark with respect to this logo or abandon its registration and protection of the trademark. 

We want to make sure that everyone get a chance to speak up so that we can get clear direction from the community.  We would therefore really appreciate the community's help in translating this announcement from English so that everyone is able to understand it.

Thanks, 
[[m:User:Geoffbrigham|Geoff]] &amp; [[m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] 21:06, 8 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2013 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0601 --&gt;

== IMPORTANT: Admin activity review ==
Hello. A new policy regarding the removal of &quot;advanced rights&quot; (administrator, bureaucrat, etc) was recently adopted by [[:m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|global community consensus]] (your community received a notice about the discussion). According to this policy, the [[:m:stewards|stewards]] are reviewing administrators' activity on smaller wikis. To the best of our knowledge, your wiki does not have a formal process for removing &quot;advanced rights&quot; from inactive accounts. This means that the stewards will take care of this according to the new [[:m:Admin activity review|admin activity review]] here.

We have determined that the following users meet the inactivity criteria (no edits and no log actions for more than 2 years):
#Mark Dingemanse (administrator)

These users will receive a notification soon, asking them to start a community discussion if they want to retain some or all of their rights. If the users do not respond, then their advanced rights will be removed by the stewards.

However, if you as a community would like to create your own activity review process superseding the global one, want to make another decision about these inactive rights holders, or already have a policy that we missed, then please notify the [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard|stewards on Meta-Wiki]] so that we know not to proceed with the rights review on your wiki. Thanks,  --[[Oníṣe:MF-Warburg|MF-Warburg]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MF-Warburg|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 19:24, 10 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2013 (UTC)

== Introducting Beta Features ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''(Apologies for writing in English. Please translate if necessary)''

We would like to let you know about [[mw:About_Beta_Features|Beta Features]], a new program from the Wikimedia Foundation that lets you try out new features before they are released for everyone.

Think of it as a digital laboratory where community members can preview upcoming software and give feedback to help improve them. This special preference page lets designers and engineers experiment with new features on a broad scale, but in a way that's not disruptive.

Beta Features is now ready for testing on [[mw:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|MediaWiki.org]]. It will also be released on Wikimedia Commons and MetaWiki this Thursday, 7 November. Based on test results, the plan is to release it on all wikis worldwide on 21 November, 2013.

Here are the first features you can test this week:
* [[mw:Multimedia/About_Media_Viewer|Media Viewer]] — view images in large size or full screen
* [[mw:VisualEditor/Beta_Features/Formulae|VisualEditor Formulæ]] (for wikis with [[mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]]) — edit algebra or equations on your pages
* [[mw:Typography_Update|Typography Refresh]] —  make text more readable (coming Thursday)

Would you like to try out Beta Features now? After you log in on MediaWiki.org, a small 'Beta' link will appear next to your 'Preferences'. Click on it to see features you can test, check the ones you want, then click 'Save'. Learn more on the [[mw:About_Beta_Features|Beta Features page]].

After you've tested Beta Features, please let the developers know what you think on [[mw:Talk:About_Beta_Features|this discussion page]] -- or report any bugs [http://wmbug.com/new?product=MediaWiki%20extensions&amp;component=BetaFeatures here on Bugzilla]. You're also welcome to join [[m:IRC_office_hours#Upcoming_office_hours|this IRC office hours chat]] on Friday, 8 November at 18:30 UTC. 

Beta Features was developed by the Wikimedia Foundation's Design, Multimedia and VisualEditor teams. Along with other developers, they will be adding new features to this experimental program every few weeks. They are very grateful to all the community members who helped create this project — and look forward to many more productive collaborations in the future.

Enjoy, and don't forget to let developers know what you think!  [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 20:52, 5 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2013 (UTC)
:&lt;small&gt;Distributed via [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] (wrong page? [[m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|Correct it here]])&lt;/small&gt;, 20:52, 5 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2013 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0622 --&gt;

== Call for comments on draft trademark policy ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi all, 

The Wikimedia legal team invites you to participate in the development of the new Wikimedia trademark policy.

The [[:wmf:Trademark policy|current trademark policy]] was introduced in 2009 to protect the [[:wmf:Wikimedia trademarks|Wikimedia marks]]. We are now updating this policy to better balance permissive use of the marks with the legal requirements for preserving them for the community. The new draft trademark policy is ready for your review [[:m:Trademark policy|here]], and we encourage you to discuss it [[:m:Talk:Trademark policy|here]].

We would appreciate if someone would translate this message into your language so more members of your community can contribute to the conversation.

Thanks, &lt;br /&gt;
[[:m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] &amp; [[:m:User:Geoffbrigham|Geoff]]

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- EdwardsBot 0657 --&gt;

== Request for comment on Commons: Should Wikimedia support MP4 video? ==

''I apologize for this message being only in English. Please translate it if needed to help your community.''

The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Multimedia|multimedia team]] seeks community guidance on a proposal to support the [[w:MP4|MP4 video format]]. This digital video standard is used widely around the world to record, edit and watch videos on mobile phones, desktop computers and home video devices. It is also known as [[w:MP4|H.264/MPEG-4 or AVC]].

Supporting the MP4 format would make it much easier for our users to view and contribute video on Wikipedia and Wikimedia projects -- and video files could be offered in dual formats on our sites, so we could continue to support current open formats (WebM and Ogg Theora). 

However, MP4 is a patent-encumbered format, and using a proprietary format would be a departure from our current practice of only supporting open formats on our sites -- even though the licenses appear to have acceptable legal terms, with only a small fee required. 

We would appreciate your guidance on whether or not to support MP4. Our Request for Comments presents views both in favor and against MP4 support, based on opinions we’ve heard in our discussions with community and team members. 

[[commons:Commons:Requests for comment/MP4 Video|Please join this RfC -- and share your advice]].

All users are welcome to participate, whether you are active on Commons, Wikipedia, other Wikimedia project -- or any site that uses content from our free media repository.

You are also welcome to join tomorrow's [[m:IRC_office_hours#Upcoming_office_hours|Office hours chat on IRC]],  this Thursday, January 16, at 19:00 UTC, if you would like to discuss this project with our team and other community members.

We look forward to a constructive discussion with you, so we can make a more informed decision together on this important topic. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 06:47, 16 Oṣù Kínní 2014 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/MP4_notice_targets&amp;oldid=7105580 --&gt;

== Universal Language Selector will be enabled by default again on this wiki by 21 February 2014 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
On January 21 2014 the MediaWiki extension [[mw:Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) was [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Announcement Jan2014|disabled]] on this wiki. A new preference was added for logged-in users to turn on ULS. This was done to prevent slow loading of pages due to ULS webfonts, a behaviour that had been observed by the Wikimedia Technical Operations team on some wikis. 

We are now ready to enable ULS again. The temporary preference to enable ULS will be removed. A [[commons:File:ULS-font-checkbox.png|new checkbox]] has been added to the Language Panel to enable/disable font delivery. This will be unchecked by default for this wiki, but can be selected at any time by the users to enable webfonts. This is an interim solution while we improve the feature of webfonts delivery.

You can read the [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Announcement Feb2014|announcement]] and the [[mw:Universal Language Selector/Upcoming Development Plan|development plan]] for more information. Apologies for writing this message only in English. Thank you. [[m:User_talk:Runab WMF|Runa]]

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Runab WMF@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/ULS_Reenable_2014&amp;oldid=7490703 --&gt;

== Amendment to the Terms of Use ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello all, 

Please join a discussion about a [[:m:Terms of use/Paid contributions amendment|proposed amendment]] to the [[wmf:Terms of Use|Wikimedia Terms of Use]] regarding undisclosed paid editing and we encourage you to voice your thoughts there. Please translate this statement if you can, and we welcome you to translate the proposed amendment and introduction. Please see [[:m:Terms of use/Paid contributions amendment|the discussion on Meta Wiki]] for more information. Thank you! [[:m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Slaporte (WMF)]] 22:00, 21 Oṣù Kejì 2014 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Jalexander@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=7499312 --&gt;

== Call for project ideas: funding is available for community experiments ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:IEG_key_blue.png|100px|right]]

''I apologize if this message is not in your language. Please help translate it.''

Do you have an idea for a project that could improve your community? [[m:Grants:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants]] from the Wikimedia Foundation help support individuals and small teams to organize experiments for 6 months. You can get funding to try out your idea for online community organizing, outreach, tool-building, or research to help make {{SITENAME}} better. In March, we’re looking for new project proposals. 

Examples of past Individual Engagement Grant projects:
*[[m:Grants:IEG/Build_an_effective_method_of_publicity_in_PRChina|Organizing social media for Chinese Wikipedia]] ($350 for materials) 
*[[m:Grants:IEG/Visual_editor-_gadgets_compatibility|Improving gadgets for Visual Editor]] ($4500 for developers)
*[[m:Grants:IEG/The_Wikipedia_Library|Coordinating access to reliable sources for Wikipedians]] ($7500 for project management, consultants and materials)
*[[m:Grants:IEG/Elaborate_Wikisource_strategic_vision|Building community and strategy for Wikisource]] (€10000 for organizing and travel)

'''[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-applying|Proposals]] are due by 31 March 2014.''' There are a number of ways to [[m:Grants:IEG|get involved]]! 

Hope to have your participation,

--[[m:User:Sbouterse (WMF)|Siko Bouterse, Head of Individual
Engagement Grants, Wikimedia Foundation]] 19:44, 28 Oṣù Kejì 2014 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:AKoval (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=IEG/MassMessageList&amp;oldid=7675744 --&gt;

== Proposed optional changes to Terms of Use amendment ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello all, in response to some community comments in the discussion on the amendment to the Terms of Use on undisclosed paid editing,  we have prepared two optional changes. Please [[m:Terms_of_use/Paid_contributions_amendment#Optional_changes|read about these optional changes on Meta wiki]] and share your comments. If you can (and this is a non english project), please translate this announcement. Thanks! [[m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Slaporte (WMF)]] 21:55, 13 Oṣù Kẹta 2014 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Jalexander@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=7592057 --&gt;

== Changes to the default site typography coming soon ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; 
This week, the typography on Wikimedia sites will be updated for all readers and editors who use the default &quot;Vector&quot; skin. This change will involve new serif fonts for some headings, small tweaks to body content fonts, text size, text color, and spacing between elements. The schedule is: 

* '''April 1st''': non-Wikipedia projects will see this change live
* '''April 3rd''': Wikipedias will see this change live

This change is very similar to the &quot;Typography Update&quot; Beta Feature that has been available on Wikimedia projects since November 2013. After several rounds of testing and with feedback from the community, this Beta Feature will be disabled and successful aspects enabled in the default site appearance. Users who are logged in may still choose to use another skin, or alter their [[Special:MyPage/vector.css|personal CSS]], if they prefer a different appearance. Local [[MediaWiki:Common.css|common CSS]] styles will also apply as normal, for issues with local styles and scripts that impact all users. 

For more information:
* [[mw:Typography refresh|Summary of changes and FAQ]]
* [[mw:Talk:Typography refresh|Discussion page]] for feedback or questions
* [https://blog.wikimedia.org/2014/03/27/typography-refresh/ Post] on blog.wikimedia.org

-- [[m:User:Steven (WMF)|Steven Walling]] (Product Manager) on behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Design|User Experience Design]] team
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Steven (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=7990801 --&gt;

== Media Viewer ==

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Greetings, my apologies for writing in English.

I wanted to let you know that [[mw:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|Media Viewer]] will be released to this wiki in the coming weeks. Media Viewer allows readers of Wikimedia projects to have an enhanced view of files without having to visit the file page, but with more detail than a thumbnail. You can try Media Viewer out now by turning it on in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Features]]. If you do not enjoy Media Viewer or if it interferes with your work after it is turned on you will be able to disable Media Viewer as well in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|preferences]]. I invite you to [[mw:Talk:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|share what you think]] about Media Viewer and how it can be made better in the future.

Thank you for your time. - [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 21:29, 23 Oṣù Kàrún 2014 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;--This message was sent using [[m:MassMessage|MassMessage]]. Was there an error? [[m:Talk:MassMessage|Report it!]]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/br&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/MassMessage/Multimedia/Media_Viewer&amp;oldid=8631315 --&gt;

== Using only [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Upload Wizard|UploadWizard]] for uploads ==

[[Image:Commons-logo.svg|right|220px|alt=Wikimedia Commons logo]]
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! Sorry for writing in English. It was noted that on this wiki upload is not fully functional for users, who will experience a very difficult and/or [[wmf:Resolution:Licensing policy|illegal]] uploading. In fact, the [[MediaWiki:Licenses|licenses/copyright tags dropdown]] is empty, making it hard or impossible to comply with copyright requirements during upload itself.

Presumably, you don't have interest nor energies to have [[commons:Category:Licensing templates|hundreds templates]] with the [[mw:Multimedia/Media Viewer/Template compatibility|now required HTML]], even less a local [[m:EDP|EDP]].
I propose to have
* '''[[Special:Upload|local &quot;{{int:upload}}&quot;]] [[commons:Commons:Turning off local uploads|restricted]]''' to the &quot;{{int:group-sysop}}&quot; group (for emergency uploads) and
* the '''sidebar point to [[commons:Special:UploadWizard]]''',
so that you can avoid local maintenance and all users can have a functioning, easy upload interface [[translatewiki:Special:Translate/ext-uploadwizard|in their own language]]. All registered users can upload on Commons and [[Special:ListFiles|existing files]] will not be affected.

All this will get done around 2014-07-03.
# If you disagree with the proposal, just [[m:User:Nemo bis/Unused local uploads|remove your wiki from the list]]. Remember also to create [[MediaWiki:Licenses]] locally with any content (see a [[s:fr:MediaWiki:Licenses|simple example]]), or uploads will be soon disabled anyway by MediaWiki itself (starting in [[mw:MediaWiki_1.24/Roadmap|version 1.24wmf11]]).
# To make the UploadWizard even better, please tell your experience and ideas on [[commons:Commons:Upload Wizard feedback]].

[[m:User:Nemo_bis|Nemo]] 13:09, 19 Oṣù Kẹfà 2014 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Nemo bis@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Nemo_bis/Unused_local_uploads&amp;oldid=8940453 --&gt;
:Sysop: [[User:Demmy]]. --[[Oníṣe:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Liuxinyu970226|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 01:51, 25 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2014 (UTC)

== Media Viewer is now live on this wiki ==

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Media_Viewer_Desktop_-_Large_Image_Opaque_Info.png|thumb|Media Viewer lets you see images in larger size]]

Greetings— and sorry for writing in English, please translate if it will help your community,

The Wikimedia Foundation's [[mw:Multimedia|Multimedia team]] is happy to announce that [[mw:Multimedia/About Media Viewer|Media Viewer]] was just released on this site today. 

Media Viewer displays images in larger size when you click on their thumbnails, to provide a better viewing experience. Users can now view images faster and more clearly, without having to jump to separate pages — and its user interface is more intuitive, offering easy access to full-resolution images and information, with links to the file repository for editing. The tool has been tested extensively across all Wikimedia wikis over the past six months as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] and has been [[mw:Multimedia/Media_Viewer/Release_Plan#Timeline|released]] to the largest Wikipedias, all language Wikisources, and the English Wikivoyage already.

If you do not like this feature, you can easily turn it off by clicking on &quot;Disable Media Viewer&quot; at the bottom of the screen, pulling up the information panel (or in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your preferences]]) whether you have an account or not. Learn more [[mw:Help:Multimedia/Media_Viewer#How_can_I_turn_off_this_feature.3F|in this Media Viewer Help page]].

Please let us know if you have any questions or comments about Media Viewer. You are invited to [[mw:Talk:Multimedia/About_Media_Viewer|share your feedback in this discussion on MediaWiki.org]] in any language, to help improve this feature. You are also welcome to [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-all?c=announce-all take this quick survey in English], [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-fr en français], [https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/media-viewer-1-es o español].

We hope you enjoy Media Viewer. Many thanks to all the community members who helped make it possible. - [[mw:User:Fabrice Florin (WMF)|Fabrice Florin (WMF)]]  ([[m:User talk:Fabrice Florin (WMF)|talk]]) 21:54, 19 Oṣù Kẹfà 2014 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;--This message was sent using [[m:MassMessage|MassMessage]]. Was there an error? [[m:Talk:MassMessage|Report it!]]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/MassMessage/Multimedia/Media_Viewer&amp;oldid=8631315 --&gt;

== VisualEditor global newsletter—June 2014 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
This is a &lt;u&gt;one-time mailing&lt;/u&gt; to projects that may need this information.  Future newsletters will be available as '''opt-in only'''. To receive future newsletters (about one per month), please '''add your page to the subscribers' list at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter]]. You're welcome to translate to your language.''' 
&lt;div style=&quot;width:25%; float:left;height:4px; background:#666666;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;width:25%; float:left;height:4px; background:#A7D7F9;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;width:25%; float:left;height:4px; background:#339966;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;width:25%; float:left;height:4px; background:#990000;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:230px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]][[File:VisualEditor - Toolbar - Formatting.png|alt=The character formatting menu|centre|frameless|316x316px]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
The character formatting menu, or &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-style-tooltip}}&quot; menu lets you set bold, italic, and other text styles.  &quot;Clear formatting&quot; removes all text styles and removes links to other pages.

Do you think that clear formatting should remove links?  Are there changes you would like to see for this menu?  [[:mw:Thread:VisualEditor/Feedback/Clearing formatting_and_links|Share your opinion at MediaWiki.org]].

[[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
''The [[:mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] team is mostly working to fix bugs, improve performance, reduce technical debt, and other infrastructure needs.  You can find [[:mw:VisualEditor/status|on Mediawiki.org]] weekly updates detailing recent work.''

* They have moved the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-dialog-command-help-title}}&quot; link out of the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-pagemenu-tooltip}}&quot; menu, into the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-help-tool}}&quot; menu.  Within dialog boxes, buttons are now more accessible (via the Tab key) from the keyboard.
* You can now '''see the target of the link''' when you click on it, without having to open the inspector.
* The team also expanded '''[[:mw:VisualEditor/Portal/TemplateData|TemplateData]]''': You can now add a parameter type  &quot;&lt;code&gt;date&quot;&lt;/code&gt; for dates and times in the [[w:ISO 8601|ISO 8601]] format, and  &quot;&lt;code&gt;boolean&quot;&lt;/code&gt; for values which are true or false.  Also, templates that redirect to other templates (like &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{citeweb}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; → &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{cite web}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) now get the TemplateData of their target ([[bugzilla:50964|bug 50964]]).  You can test TemplateData by editing [[:mw:Template:Sandbox/doc]].
* Category: and File: pages now display their contents correctly after saving an edit ([[bugzilla:65349|bug 65349]], [[bugzilla:64239|bug 64239]])
* They have also improved '''reference editing''':  You should no longer be able to add empty citations with VisualEditor (bug 64715), as with references.  When you edit a reference, you can now empty it and click the &quot;use an existing reference&quot; button to replace it with another reference instead. 
* It is now possible to edit '''inline images''' with VisualEditor.  Remember that inline images cannot display captions, so existing captions get removed.  Many other bugs related to images were also fixed.
*  You can now add and edit &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DISPLAYTITLE}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__DISAMBIG__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; in  the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-pagemenu-tooltip}}&quot; menu, rounding out the full set of page options currently planned. 
* The tool to insert '''special characters''' is now wider and simpler.&lt;/div&gt;

=== Looking ahead ===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

The VisualEditor team has posted a draft of their goals for the next fiscal year.  You can read them and suggest changes [[:mw:Wikimedia Engineering/2014-15 Goals#Editing|on MediaWiki.org]].  

The team posts details about planned work on [[:mw:VisualEditor/Roadmap|VisualEditor's roadmap]].  You will soon be able to '''drag-and-drop text''' as well as images.  If you drag an image to a new place, it won't let you place it in the middle of a paragraph.  All dialog boxes and windows will be simplified based on user testing and feedback.  The VisualEditor team [[:mw:Cite-from-id|plans to add '''autofill features''']]''' for citations'''.  &lt;mark&gt;Your [[:mw:VisualEditor/Design/Reference Dialog|ideas about making referencing quick and easy]] are still wanted.&lt;/mark&gt;  Support for '''upright image sizes''' is being developed.  The designers are also working on support for '''viewing and editing hidden HTML comments''' and '''adding rows and columns to tables'''.  
&lt;/div&gt;

=== Supporting your wiki ===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Please read [[:mw:VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor/Citation tool]] for information on configuring the new '''citation template menu''', labeled &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-cite-label}}&quot;.  This menu will not appear unless it has been configured on your wiki.   

If you speak a language other than English, '''we need your help with translating [[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]]'''.  The guide is out of date or incomplete for many languages, and what's on your wiki may not be the most recent translation.  Please [[:mw:Talk:VisualEditor/TranslationCentral#Getting_started_with_translations|contact us]] if you need help getting started with translation work on MediaWiki.org.   

VisualEditor can be made available to most non-Wikipedia projects.  If your community would like to test VisualEditor, please contact product manager [[:m:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]] or file an enhancement request in Bugzilla.   

Please share your questions, suggestions, or problems by posting a note at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]] or by joining the [[:m:IRC office hours|office hours]] on '''Saturday, 19 July 2014 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=21&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=19&amp;month=07&amp;year=2014 21:00 UTC]''' (daytime for the Americas and Pacific Islands) or on '''Thursday, 14 August 2014 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=9&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=14&amp;month=08&amp;year=2014 9:00 UTC]''' (daytime for Europe, Middle East, Asia).

If you'd like to get this newsletter on your own page (about once a month), please subscribe at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]] (or at [[:w:en:Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Newsletter]] for English Wikipedia only). Thank you! --[[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 22:33, 25 Oṣù Kẹfà 2014 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/MassMessage/VE_Global_Newsletter_2&amp;oldid=9006419 --&gt;

== Updates related to VisualEditor ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
:''Please help translate this message in your language. Thanks :) ''
Hi, everybody. This is a reminder that we invite you to discuss VisualEditor's recent development and plans ahead during the '''[[:m:IRC office hours|next office hours]]''' with James Forrester (Product Manager):
*[http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=9&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=14&amp;month=08&amp;year=2014 Thursday, August 14, 9:00 UTC];
*[http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=18&amp;month=09&amp;year=2014 Thursday, September 18, 16:00 UTC].
If you are not able to attend but have a question for James, you can leave your question [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|at mediawiki.org]] or on my talk page &lt;u&gt;by the day before&lt;/u&gt;, and I will try to get a response. We plan to continue these monthly sessions as long as there is community interest, and to announce them through the '''[[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|VisualEditor global newsletter]]''' as well (please subscribe your talk page there to get the latest news about the software).

Most of the VisualEditor team will be at '''[https://wikimania2014.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Wikimania in London]''' in August! You'll be able to meet the developers during the Hackaton or at the following sessions:
*[https://wikimania2014.wikimedia.org/wiki/Submissions/VisualEditor_%E2%80%94_helping_users_edit_more_easily VisualEditor — helping users edit more easily], Saturday, August 9;
*[https://wikimania2014.wikimedia.org/wiki/Submissions/VisualEditor_—_engineering_against_the_odds VisualEditor — engineering against the odds], Sunday, August 10.
WMF community liaisons will share a booth with community advocates at the Community Village and look forward to talking to you there. Thanks for your attention! --[[User:Elitre (WMF)]] 16:02, 31 Oṣù Keje 2014 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/MassMessage/VE_Global_Newsletter&amp;oldid=9365654 --&gt;

== VisualEditor global newsletter—July and August 2014 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|right|200px]]
''The [[:mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] team is currently working mostly to fix bugs, improve performance, reduce technical debt, and other infrastructure needs. You can find [[:mw:VisualEditor/status|on Mediawiki.org]] weekly updates detailing recent work.''
[[File:VisualEditor - Link editing inline box.png|thumb|Dialog boxes in VisualEditor have been re-designed to use action words instead of icons.  This has increased the number of [[:mw:VisualEditor/TranslationCentral#Translate the VisualEditor interface|items that need to be translated]].

[[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] is also being updated.
|alt=Screenshot of VisualEditor's link tool|240px]]

The biggest visible change since the last newsletter was to the dialog boxes.  '''The design for each dialog box and window was simplified.'''  The most commonly needed buttons are now at the top.  Based on user feedback, the buttons are now labeled with simple words (like &quot;Cancel&quot; or &quot;Done&quot;) instead of potentially confusing icons (like &quot;&lt;&quot; or &quot;X&quot;).  Many of the buttons to edit links, images, and other items now also show the linked page, image name, or other useful information when you click on them.
* '''Hidden HTML comments''' (notes visible to editors, but not to readers) can now be read, edited, inserted, and removed.  A small icon (a white exclamation mark on a dot) marks the location of each comments.  You can click on the icon to see the comment.
* You can now '''drag and drop text''' and templates as well as images.  A new placement line makes it much easier to see where you are dropping the item.  Images can no longer be dropped into the middle of paragraphs.
* '''All references and footnotes ('''&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;''' tags) are now made through the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-cite-label}}&quot; menu''', including the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-dialogbutton-reference-tooltip}}&quot; (manual formatting) footnotes and the ability to re-use an existing citation, both of which were previously accessible only through the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-insert}}&quot; menu.  The &quot;{{int:visualeditor-dialogbutton-referencelist-tooltip}}&quot; is still added via the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-insert}}&quot; menu.
* When you add an image or other media file, you are now prompted to add an '''image caption''' immediately. You can also replace an image whilst keeping the original caption and other settings.
* All tablet users visiting the '''mobile web''' version of Wikipedias will be able to opt-in to a version of VisualEditor from 14 August.  You can test the new tool by choosing the beta version of the mobile view in the Settings menu.
* The '''link tool''' has a new &quot;Open&quot; button that will open a linked page in another tab so you can make sure a link is the right one. 
* The '''&quot;Cancel&quot; button''' in the toolbar has been removed based on user testing.  To cancel any edit, you can leave the page by clicking the Read tab, the back button in your browser, or closing the browser window without saving your changes.
&lt;/div&gt;

=== Looking ahead ===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

The team posts details about planned work on the [[:mw:VisualEditor/Roadmap|VisualEditor roadmap]].  The VisualEditor team [[:mw:Cite-from-id|plans to add '''auto-fill features''']]''' for citations''' soon.  &lt;mark&gt;Your [[:mw:VisualEditor/Design/Reference Dialog|ideas about making referencing quick and easy]] are still wanted.&lt;/mark&gt;  Support for '''upright image sizes''' is being developed.  The designers are also working on support for '''adding rows and columns to tables'''.  Work to support '''Internet Explorer''' is ongoing.
&lt;/div&gt;

=== Feedback opportunities ===
&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

The Editing team will be making two presentations this weekend at '''Wikimania''' in London.  The first is with product manager James Forrester and developer Trevor Parscal on [[wm2014:Submissions/VisualEditor_—_helping_users_edit_more_easily|Saturday at 16:30]].  The second is with developers Roan Kattouw and Trevor Parscal on [[wm2014:Submissions/VisualEditor_—_engineering_against_the_odds|Sunday at 12:30]]. There is a '''[[:mw:VisualEditor/Translathon|VisualEditor Translation Sprint]]''' going on during Wikimania; whether you're in London or not, any contributions are welcome!   

Please share your questions, suggestions, or problems by posting a note at the [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|'''VisualEditor feedback page''']] or by joining the [[:m:IRC office hours|'''office hours discussion''']] on Thursday, 14 August 2014 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=9&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=14&amp;month=08&amp;year=2014 09:00 UTC] (daytime for Europe, Middle East and Asia) or on Thursday, 18 September 2014 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=9&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=14&amp;month=08&amp;year=2014http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=16&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=18&amp;month=09&amp;year=2014 16:00 UTC] (daytime for the Americas; evening for Europe).   

If you'd like to get this newsletter on your own page (about once a month), please subscribe at [[:w:en:Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Newsletter]] for English Wikipedia only or at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]] for any project. Thank you! --[[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 14:40, 9 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2014 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/MassMessage/VE_Global_Newsletter&amp;oldid=9366342 --&gt;

== Letter petitioning WMF to reverse recent decisions ==

The Wikimedia Foundation recently created a new feature, &quot;superprotect&quot; status. The purpose is to prevent pages from being edited by elected administrators -- but permitting WMF staff to edit them. It has been put to use in only one case: to protect the deployment of the Media Viewer software on German Wikipedia, in defiance of a clear decision of that community to disable the feature by default, unless users decide to enable it.

If you oppose these actions, please add your name to this letter. If you know non-Wikimedians who support our vision for the free sharing of knowledge, and would like to add their names to the list, please ask them to sign an identical version of the letter on change.org.
* [[:m:Letter to Wikimedia Foundation: Superprotect and Media Viewer|Letter to Wikimedia Foundation: Superprotect and Media Viewer]]
* [http://www.change.org/p/lila-tretikov-remove-new-superprotect-status-and-permit-wikipedia-communities-to-enact-current-software-decisions-uninhibited Letter on change.org]

-- [[:m:User:JurgenNL|JurgenNL]] ([[:m:User talk:JurgenNL|talk]]) 17:35, 21 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2014 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:JurgenNL@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=9313374 --&gt;

== Process ideas for software development ==

&lt;div class=”mw-content-ltr”&gt;
’’My apologies for writing in English.’’

Hello,

I am notifying you that a brainstorming session has been [[:m:Community Engagement (Product)/Process ideas|started on Meta]] to help the Wikimedia Foundation increase and better affect community participation in software development across all wiki projects. Basically, how can you be more involved in helping to create features on Wikimedia projects?  We are inviting all interested users to voice their ideas on how communities can be more involved and informed in the product development process at the Wikimedia Foundation. It would be very appreciated if you could translate this message to help inform your local communities as well.

I and the rest of [[:m:Community Engagement (Product)|my team]] welcome you to participate. We hope to see you on Meta.

Kind regards,
-- [[m:User:Rdicerb (WMF)|Rdicerb (WMF)]] [[m:User talk:Rdicerb (WMF)|talk]] 22:15, 21 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2014 (UTC)

&lt;small&gt;--This message was sent using [[m:MassMessage|MassMessage]]. Was there an error? [[m:Talk:MassMessage|Report it!]]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=9313374 --&gt;

== Grants to improve your project ==

:''Apologies for English.  Please help translate this message.''
Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals for funding new experiments from September 1st to 30th. Your idea could improve Wikimedia projects with a new tool or gadget, a better process to support community-building on your wiki, research on an important issue, or something else we haven't thought of yet. 
Whether you need $200 or $30,000 USD, Individual Engagement Grants can cover your own project development time in addition to hiring others to help you.
*'''[[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|Submit your proposal]]'''
*'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]] [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 16:52, 2 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2014 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Sandbox&amp;oldid=9730503 --&gt;

== VisualEditor available on Internet Explorer 11 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|right|frameless|200x200px]]

VisualEditor will become available to users of Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 during today's regular software update.  Support for some earlier versions of Internet Explorer is being worked on.  If you encounter problems with VisualEditor on Internet Explorer, please contact the Editing team by leaving a message at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|VisualEditor/Feedback]] on Mediawiki.org.  Happy editing, [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]] 07:29, 11 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2014 (UTC). 

PS. Please subscribe to the [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|global monthly newsletter]] to receive further news about VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/All_Wikipedias&amp;oldid=9829651 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #8—2014 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:230px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]][[File:TemplateData GUI editor with two parameters.png|alt=|centre|frameless|230x230px]]'''Did you know?''' 
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
TemplateData is a separate program that organizes information about the parameters that can be used in a template.  VisualEditor reads that data, and uses it to populate its simplified template dialogs.

With the new TemplateData editor, it is easier to add information about parameters, because the ones you need to use are pre-loaded. 

See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|the help page for TemplateData]] for more information about adding TemplateData.  [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing]] team has reduced technical debt, simplified some workflows for template and citation editing, made major progress on Internet Explorer support, and fixed [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/buglist.cgi?list_id=349619&amp;order=priority%252Cbug_severity&amp;product=VisualEditor&amp;query_format=advanced&amp;resolution=FIXED&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-08-14&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-08-21&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-08-28&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-09-04&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-09-11&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-09-18&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-09-25&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-10-02 over 125 bugs and requests]. Several performance improvements were made, especially to the system around re-using references and reference lists.  Weekly updates are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/status|on Mediawiki.org]]. 

There were three issues that required urgent fixes: a deployment error that meant that many buttons didn't work correctly (bugs [[bugzilla:69856|69856]] and [[bugzilla:69864|69864]]), a problem with edit conflicts that left the editor with nowhere to go ([[bugzilla:69150|bug 69150]]), and a problem in Internet Explorer 11 that replaced some categories with a link to the system message [[MediaWiki:Badtitletext]] ([[bugzilla:70894|bug 70894]]) when you saved. The developers apologize for the disruption, and thank the people who reported these problems quickly.

=== Increased support for devices and browsers ===
'''Internet Explorer 10 and 11 users now have access to VisualEditor'''. This means that about 5% of Wikimedia's users will now get an &quot;Edit&quot; tab alongside the existing &quot;Edit source&quot; tab.  Support for Internet Explorer 9 is planned for the future.

'''Tablet users''' browsing the site's mobile mode now have the option of using a mobile-specific form of VisualEditor. More editing tools, and availability of VisualEditor on smartphones, is planned for the future. The '''mobile version of VisualEditor''' was tweaked to show the context menu for citations instead of basic references ([[bugzilla:68897|bug 68897]]).  A bug that broke the editor in iOS was corrected and released early ([[bugzilla:68949|bug 68949]]). For mobile tablet users, three bugs related to scrolling were fixed ([[bugzilla:66697|bug 66697]], [[bugzilla:68828|bug 68828]], [[bugzilla:69630|bug 69630]]). You can use VisualEditor on the mobile version of Wikipedia from your tablet by clicking on the cog in the top-right when editing a page and choosing which editor to use.

=== TemplateData editor ===
'''The tool for editing [[mw:Extension:TemplateData|TemplateData]] has been deployed to 30 more Wikipedias this week.'''  Other Wikipedias and some other projects may receive access next month.  This tool makes it easier to add TemplateData to the template's documentation.  When the tool is enabled, it will add a button above every editing window for a template (including documentation subpages).  To use it, edit the template page or a subpage, and then click the &quot;{{int:templatedata-editbutton}}&quot; button at the top.  Read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|the help page for TemplateData]].  You can test the TemplateData editor [[mw:Template:Sandbox/doc|in a sandbox at Mediawiki.org]].  Remember that TemplateData should be placed either on a documentation subpage '''''or''''' on the template page itself.  Only one block of TemplateData will be used per template.

=== Other changes ===
Several interface '''messages and labels were changed''' to be simpler, clearer, or shorter, based on feedback from translators and editors. The formatting of dialogs was changed, and more changes to the appearance will be coming soon, when VisualEditor implements the new MediaWiki theme from Design.  (A preview of the theme is [[toollabs:oojs-ui/oojs-ui/demos/index.html#widgets-mediawiki-vector-ltr|available on Labs]] for developers.)  The team also made some improvements for users of the '''Monobook''' skin that improved the size of text in toolbars and fixed selections that overlapped menus.

VisualEditor-MediaWiki now supplies the &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;mw-redirect&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;mw-disambig&lt;/code&gt; class on '''links to redirects and disambiguation pages''', so that user gadgets that colour in these types of links can be created.

'''Templates' fields can be marked as '&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;required&lt;/code&gt;' '''in TemplateData.  If a parameter is marked as required, then you cannot delete that field when you add a new template or edit an existing one ([[bugzilla:60358|bug 60358]]). 

Language support improved by making annotations use bi-directional isolation (so they display correctly with cursoring behaviour as expected) and by fixing a bug that crashed VisualEditor when trying to edit a page with a &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;dir&lt;/code&gt; attribute but no &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;lang&lt;/code&gt; set ([[bugzilla:69955|bug 69955]]). 

=== Looking ahead ===
The team posts details about planned work on the [[mw:VisualEditor/Roadmap|VisualEditor roadmap]].  The VisualEditor team [[mw:Cite-from-id|plans to add '''auto-fill features''']] '''for citations''' soon, perhaps in late October.        

The team is also working on support for '''adding rows and columns to tables''', and early work for this may appear within the month.  &lt;mark&gt;Please comment on the design [[:mw:VisualEditor/Design/Table editor#Design Workflow for comments|at Mediawiki.org]].&lt;/mark&gt;

In the future, real-time collaborative editing may be possible in VisualEditor.  Some early preparatory work for this was recently done. 

=== Supporting your wiki ===

At Wikimania, several developers gave presentations about VisualEditor.  A translation sprint focused on improving access to VisualEditor was supported by many people.  '''Deryck Chan''' was the top translator.  Special honors also go to '''संजीव कुमार (Sanjeev Kumar)''', '''Robby''', '''Takot''', '''Bachounda''', '''Bjankuloski06''' and '''Ата'''.  A [[mw:VisualEditor/Translathon#Highlights from the Translathon|summary]] of the work achieved by the translation community is available.  Thank you all for your work.      

This was the first translatable VisualEditor newsletter, so thanks to everybody who made this possible! If it hasn't been delivered in your language, and you'd like to help with translations in the future, please subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or contact &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;, so that you will be notified when the next issue is due.      

VisualEditor can be made available to most non-Wikipedia projects.  If your community would like to test VisualEditor, please contact product manager &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User talk:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]]&lt;/span&gt; or file an [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=VisualEditor&amp;component=General enhancement request in Bugzilla].    

Please join the [[:m:IRC office hours|office hours]] on Saturday, 18 October 2014 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=18&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=18&amp;month=10&amp;year=2014 18:00 UTC] (daytime for the Americas; evening for Africa and Europe) and on Wednesday, 19 November at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?msg=VisualEditor+office+hour+for+November&amp;iso=20141119T16&amp;p1=1440 16:00 UTC] on [[:w:IRC|IRC]].

''Give feedback on VisualEditor at [[mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|mw:VisualEditor/Feedback.]]  Subscribe or unsubscribe at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]]. Thank you!''  —&lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt; 09:49, 13 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2014 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/MassMessage/VE_Global_Newsletter&amp;oldid=10123380 --&gt;

== Meta RfCs on two new global groups ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello all, 

There are currently requests for comment open on meta to create two new global groups. The first is a group for members of the OTRS permissions queue, which would grant them autopatrolled rights on all wikis except those who opt-out. That proposal can be found at [[m:Requests for comment/Creation of a global OTRS-permissions user group]]. The second is a group for Wikimedia Commons admins and OTRS agents to view deleted file pages through the 'viewdeletedfile' right on all wikis except those who opt-out. The second proposal can be found at [[m:Requests for comment/Global file deletion review]].

We would like to hear what you think on both proposals. Both are in English; if you wanted to translate them into your native language that would also be appreciated.

It is possible for individual projects to opt-out, so that users in those groups do not have any additional rights on those projects. To do this please start a local discussion, and if there is consensus you can request to opt-out of either or both at [[m:Stewards' noticeboard]].

Thanks and regards, [[m:User:Ajraddatz|Ajraddatz]] ([[m:User talk:Ajraddatz|talk]]) 18:04, 26 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2014 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Ajraddatz@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=10024331 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Now Available (November 2014) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.''
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today :)]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for:

*'''DeGruyter''': 1000 new accounts for English and German-language research. Sign up on one of two language Wikipedias:
**[[w:en:Wikipedia:De_Gruyter|English signup]] 
**[[w:de:Wikipedia:De_Gruyter|Deutsch signup]] 
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Fold3|Fold3]]''': 100 new accounts for American history and military archives
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:ScotlandsPeople|Scotland's People]]''': 100 new accounts for Scottish genealogy database
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]''': expanded by 100+ accounts for British newspapers 
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:HighBeam|Highbeam]]''': 100+ remaining accounts for newspaper and magazine archives
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Questia| Questia]]''': 100+ remaining accounts for journal and social science articles
*'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]]''': 100+ remaining accounts for journal archives

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]].23:19, 5 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2014 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=9909230 --&gt;

== Global AbuseFilter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hello,

[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] is a MediaWiki extension used to detect likely abusive behavior patterns, like pattern vandalism and spam. In 2013, [[m:Special:Mylanguage/Global AbuseFilter|Global AbuseFilters]] were enabled on a limited set of wikis including Meta-Wiki, MediaWiki.org, Wikispecies and (in early 2014) all the &quot;[https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=small.dblist small wikis]&quot;. Recently, global abuse filters were enabled on &quot;[https://noc.wikimedia.org/conf/highlight.php?file=medium.dblist medium sized wikis]&quot; as well. These filters are currently managed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and have shown to be very effective in preventing mass spam attacks across Wikimedia projects. However, there is currently no policy on how the global AbuseFilters will be managed although there are proposals. There is an ongoing [[m:Requests for comment/Global AbuseFilter|request for comment]] on policy governing the use of the global AbuseFilters. In the meantime, specific wikis can opt out of using the global AbuseFilter. These wikis can simply add a request to [[m:Global AbuseFilter/Opt-out wikis|this list]] on Meta-Wiki. More details can be found on [[m:Special:Mylanguage/Global AbuseFilter/2014 announcement|this page]] at Meta-Wiki. If you have any questions, feel free to ask on [[m:Talk:Global AbuseFilter|m:Talk:Global AbuseFilter]].

Thanks,

[[m:User:PiRSquared17|PiRSquared17]], [[m:User:Glaisher|Glaisher]]&lt;/div&gt; — 17:34, 14 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2014 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Glaisher@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_AbuseFilter/2014_announcement_distribution_list&amp;oldid=10495115 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #9—2014 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:230px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]][[File:VisualEditor - moble tablet switching.png|alt=Screenshot on an iPad, showing how to switch from one editor to the other|centre|frameless|230x230px]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;

VisualEditor is also available on the mobile version of Wikipedia. Log in and click the pencil icon to open the page you want to edit. Click on the gear-shaped settings button in the upper-right corner to pick which editor to use. Choose &quot;{{int:Mobile-frontend-editor-visual-editor}}&quot; to use VisualEditor, or &quot;{{int:Mobile-frontend-editor-source-editor}}&quot; to use the wikitext editor.

It will remember whether you used wikitext or VisualEditor, and use the same editor the next time you edit an article.  

[[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has information about how to use VisualEditor. Not all features are available on the mobile website.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has fixed many [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/buglist.cgi?list_id=355757&amp;product=VisualEditor&amp;query_format=advanced&amp;resolution=FIXED&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-10-09&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-10-16&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-10-23%20%281.25wmf5%29&amp;target_milestone=VE-deploy-2014-10-29%20%281.25wmf6%29 bugs and requests], and worked on support for editing tables and for using non-Latin languages. Their weekly updates are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/status|on Mediawiki.org]]. Informal notes from the recent quarterly review were posted [[m:WMF_Metrics_and_activities_meetings/Quarterly_reviews/Editing/October_2014|on Meta]]. 

=== Recent improvements ===
Basic support for '''inserting tables''' and changing the number of rows and columns in them was just introduced to Wikipedias. Advanced features, like dragging columns to different places, will be added later. 

To help editors find the most important items more quickly, some items in the toolbar menus are now hidden behind '''a &quot;{{int:Ooui-toolbar-more}}&quot; item''', such as &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-annotationbutton-underline-tooltip}}&quot; in the styling menu.

The French Wikipedia should see '''better search results''' for links, templates, and media because the [[:mw:Help:CirrusSearch|new search engine]] was turned on for everyone there. This change is expected at the Chinese and German Wikipedias this week, and the following week at the English Wikipedia. 

The &quot;pawn&quot; system has been mostly replaced. Bugs in this system sometimes added a chess pawn character to wikitext. The replacement provides better support for '''non-Latin languages''', with full support hopefully coming soon. 

VisualEditor is now provided to editors who use '''Internet Explorer''' 10 or 11 on desktop and mobile devices. Internet Explorer 9 is not supported yet.

The '''keyboard shortcuts''' for items in the toolbar menus are now shown in the menus.  

VisualEditor will replace the existing design with a '''new theme''' from the [[mw:Design|User Experience/Design group]]. The appearance of dialog boxes has already changed in the mobile version. The appearance on desktops will change soon. You are welcome to compare [[toollabs:oojs-ui/oojs-ui/demos/index.html#widgets-apex-vector-ltr|the old &quot;Apex&quot; design]] and [[toollabs:oojs-ui/oojs-ui/demos/index.html#widgets-mediawiki-vector-ltr|the new &quot;MediaWiki&quot; theme]] which will replace it.

Several bugs were fixed for internal and external links. Improvements to MediaWiki's search solved an annoying problem: If you searched for the full name of the page or file that you wanted to link, sometimes the search engine could not find the page. A link inside a template to a local page that does not exist will now show red, exactly as it does when reading the page. Due to an error, for about two weeks this also affected all external links inside templates. Opening an auto-numbered link node like [http://example.com] with the keyboard used to open the wrong link tool. These problems have all been fixed.

=== TemplateData ===

'''The tool for quickly editing [[mw:Extension:TemplateData|TemplateData]] has been deployed to all Wikimedia Foundation wikis on Thursday, 6 November.''' This tool was already available on the biggest 40 Wikipedias, and now all wikis will have access to it. This tool makes it easier to add TemplateData to the template's documentation. When the tool is enabled, it will add a button above every editing window for a template (including documentation subpages). To use it, edit the template or a subpage, and then click the &quot;{{int:templatedata-editbutton}}&quot; button at the top. Read [[mw:Help:TemplateData|the help page for TemplateData]] to learn more about it. You can test the TemplateData editor [[mw:Template:Sandbox/doc|in a sandbox at Mediawiki.org]]. Remember that TemplateData should be placed either on a documentation subpage '''''or''''' on the template page itself. Only one block of TemplateData will be used per template.

You can use the '''new autovalue setting''' to pre-load a value into a template. This can be used to substitute dates, as in [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=632356794&amp;oldid=632356402 this example], or to add the most common value for that parameter. The autovalue can be overridden by the editor, by typing something else in the field.

In TemplateData, you may '''define a parameter as &quot;required&quot;'''.  The template dialog box in VisualEditor will warn editors if they leave a &quot;required&quot; parameter empty, and they will not be able to delete that parameter. If the template can function without this parameter, then please mark it as &quot;{{int:Templatedata-doc-param-status-suggested}}&quot; or &quot;{{int:Templatedata-doc-param-status-optional}}&quot; in TemplateData instead.

=== Looking ahead ===

The VisualEditor team [[mw:Cite-from-id|plans to add '''auto-fill features''']] '''for citations''' soon. The appearance of the media search dialog will improve, to make picking between possible images easier and more visual. The team posts details about planned work on the [[mw:VisualEditor/Roadmap|VisualEditor roadmap]].        

The [[mw:Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|user guide]] is being updated to add information about editing tables.
The translations of the user guide for most languages except Spanish, French, and Dutch are significantly out of date. '''Please help [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Help%3AVisualEditor%2FUser+guide&amp;action=page&amp;filter= complete the current translations]''' for users who speak your language.  [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Whatamidoing_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new Talk to us] if you need help exporting the translated guide to your wiki.        
    
'''You can influence VisualEditor's design'''! Tell the VisualEditor team what you want changed during the [[:m:IRC office hours|office hours]] via [[:en:IRC|IRC]]. The next sessions are on Wednesday, 19 November at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?msg=VisualEditor+office+hour+for+November&amp;iso=20141119T16&amp;p1=1440 16:00 UTC] and on Wednesday 7 January 2015 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=22&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=7&amp;month=1&amp;year=2015 22:00 UTC]. You can also share your ideas at [[mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|mw:VisualEditor/Feedback.]]

Also, '''user experience researcher''' [[:mw:User:ARipstra (WMF)|Abbey Ripstra]] is looking for editors to show her how they edit Wikipedia. Please [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for the research program] if you would like to hear about opportunities.

If you would like to help with translations of this newsletter, please subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or contact [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Subscribe or unsubscribe at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]]. Thank you!
—&lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;/div&gt; 23:29, 14 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2014 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/MassMessage/VE_Global_Newsletter&amp;oldid=10491257 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Now Available (December 2014) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.''
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today :)]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:

*[[w:en:WP:ELSEVIER|Elsevier]] - science and medicine journals and books
*[[w:en:WP:RSC Gold|Royal Society of Chemistry]] - chemistry journals
*[[w:en:wp:Pelican Books|Pelican Books]] - ebook monographs
*[[w:en:WP:Public Catalogue Foundation|Public Catalogue Foundation]]- art books

Other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]].00:22, 18 Oṣù Kejìlá 2014 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=10542996 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #10—2014 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}width:230px;border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|frameless|alt=VisualEditor]]
[[File:VisualEditor table editing add and remove columns.png|230x230px|center|frameless|alt=Screenshot showing how to add or remove columns from a table]]
'''Did you know?'''
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%;&quot;&gt;
Basic table editing is now available in VisualEditor. You can add and remove rows and columns from tables at the click of a button.

[[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has fixed many bugs and worked on table editing and performance. Their weekly status reports are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/status|on mediawiki.org]]. Upcoming plans are posted at the [[mw:VisualEditor/Roadmap|VisualEditor roadmap]].

'''VisualEditor was deployed to several hundred remaining wikis''' as an opt-in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] at the end of November, except for most Wiktionaries (which depend heavily upon templates) and all Wikisources (which await integration with [[mw:Extension:Proofread Page|ProofreadPage]]).

=== Recent improvements ===

Basic support for '''editing tables''' is now available. You can add and delete tables, add and remove rows and columns, set or remove a caption for a table, and merge cells together. To change the contents of a cell, double-click inside it. More features will be added in the coming months. In addition, VisualEditor now ignores broken, invalid &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;rowspan&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;colspan&lt;/code&gt; elements, instead of trying to repair them.

You can now use '''find and replace''' in VisualEditor, reachable through the tool menu or by pressing &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;^ Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;F&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt; or &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;⌘ Cmd&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;F&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;.

You can now create and edit simple &lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; paragraphs for quoting and indenting content. This changes a &quot;{{Int:Visualeditor-formatdropdown-format-paragraph}}&quot; into a &quot;{{Int:Visualeditor-formatdropdown-format-blockquote}}&quot;.

Some '''new keyboard sequences''' can be used to format content. At the start of the line, typing &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;* &lt;/code&gt;&quot; will make the line a bullet list; &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;1.&lt;/code&gt;&quot; or &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#&lt;/code&gt;&quot; will make it a numbered list; &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;==&lt;/code&gt;&quot; will make it a section heading; &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;: &lt;/code&gt;&quot; will make it a blockquote. If you didn't mean to use these tools, you can press undo to undo the formatting change.

There are also two other keyboard sequences: &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; for opening the link tool, and &quot;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&quot; for opening the template tool, to help experienced editors. The existing standard keyboard shortcuts, like &lt;kbd&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;^ Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;code class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; to open the link editor, still work. 

If you add a category that has been redirected, then VisualEditor now adds its target. Categories without description pages show up as red.

You can again create and edit '''galleries''' as wikitext code.

=== Looking ahead ===

The current VisualEditor design will be replaced with a '''new theme''' designed by the [[mw:Design|User Experience group]]. The new theme will be visible for desktop systems at mediawiki.org in late December and on other sites in early January. (You can see a developer preview of [[toollabs:oojs-ui/oojs-ui/demos/index.html#widgets-apex-vector-ltr|the old &quot;Apex&quot; theme]] and [[toollabs:oojs-ui/oojs-ui/demos/index.html#widgets-mediawiki-vector-ltr|the new &quot;MediaWiki&quot; one]] which will replace it.)

The Editing team [[mw:Cite-from-id|plans to add '''auto-fill features''']] '''for citations''' in January.

Planned changes to the media search dialog will make choosing between possible images easier.

=== Let's work together ===

* Share your ideas and ask questions at [[mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]].
* Translations of the [[mw:Help:VisualEditor/User_guide|user guide]] for most languages are outdated. Only Ukrainian, Portuguese, Spanish, French, and Dutch translations are nearly current. Please help [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Help%3AVisualEditor%2FUser+guide&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= complete the current translations] for users who speak your language.
* Talk to the Editing team during the [[:m:IRC office hours|office hours]] via [[:en:IRC|IRC]]. The next session is on Wednesday, 7 January 2015 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=22&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=7&amp;month=1&amp;year=2015 22:00 UTC].
* File requests for language-appropriate &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-bold-tooltip}}&quot; and &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-italic-tooltip}}&quot; icons for the character formatting menu [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/create/?projects=PHID-PROJ-dafezmpv6huxg3taml24 in Phabricator].
* The design research team wants to see how real editors work. Please [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for their research program].
* If you would like to help with translations of this newsletter, please subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Subscribe or unsubscribe at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]]. Thank you!

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt; 
18:59, 26 Oṣù Kejìlá 2014 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=10823356 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #1—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|300px|right|frameless|alt=VisualEditor]]
Since the last newsletter, the  [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has fixed many bugs and worked on VisualEditor's appearance, the coming Citoid reference service, and support for languages with complex input requirements. 
Status reports are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/status|on mediawiki.org]]. Upcoming plans are posted at the  [[mw:VisualEditor/Roadmap|VisualEditor roadmap]].  

The Wikimedia Foundation has named [[:mw:Wikimedia_Engineering/2014-15_Goals#Top_departmental_priorities_for_Q3_.28January-March_2015.29|its top priorities for this quarter]] (January to March). The first priority is making VisualEditor ready for deployment by default to all new users and logged-out users at the remaining large Wikipedias. You can help identify these requirements. &lt;mark&gt;There will be weekly '''triage meetings '''which''' will be open to volunteers''' beginning Wednesday, 11 February 2015 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20150211T12&amp;p1=224&amp;ah=1 12:00 (noon) PST] (20:00 UTC). &lt;/mark&gt; Tell Vice President of Engineering [[:foundation:User:Damon_Sicore_(WMF)|Damon Sicore]], Product Manager [[:mw:User:Jdforrester_(WMF)|James Forrester]] and other team members which bugs and features are most important to you. The decisions made at these meetings will determine what work is necessary for this quarter's goal of making VisualEditor ready for deployment to new users. The presence of volunteers who enjoy contributing MediaWiki code is particularly appreciated. Information about how to join the meeting will be posted at [[:mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal|mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal]] shortly before the meeting begins. 

Due to some breaking changes in MobileFrontend and VisualEditor, VisualEditor was not working correctly on the mobile site for a couple of days in early January. The teams apologize for the problem. 

=== Recent improvements === 

The''' new design for VisualEditor''' aligns with MediaWiki's [[mw:Frontend standards group|Front-End Standards]] as led by the Design team. Several new versions of the [[mw:OOjs UI|OOjs UI]] library have also been released, and these also affect the appearance of VisualEditor and other MediaWiki software extensions. Most changes were minor, like changing the text size and the amount of white space in some windows. Buttons are consistently color-coded to indicate whether the action:
* starts a new task, like opening the {{int:visualeditor-toolbar-savedialog}} dialog: &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #015ccc; color:white&quot;&gt; blue &lt;/span&gt;, 
* takes a constructive action, like inserting a citation:  &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #008c6d; color:white&quot;&gt; green &lt;/span&gt;,
* might remove or lose your work, like removing a link:  &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #a7170f; color:white&quot;&gt;  red &lt;/span&gt;,  or  
* is neutral, like opening a link in a new browser window:  &lt;span style=&quot;color: 757575&quot;&gt;  gray &lt;/span&gt;.  
The '''TemplateData editor''' has been completely re-written to use a different design based on the same OOjs UI system as VisualEditor.   ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T67815 T67815], [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73746 T73746].) This change fixed a couple of existing bugs and improved usability. ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73077 T73077], [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73078 T73078].) 

'''Search and replace''' in long documents is now faster. It does not highlight every occurrence if there are more than 100 on-screen at once.([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T78234 T78234].)

Editors at the Hebrew and Russian Wikipedia requested the ability to use VisualEditor in the &quot;Article Incubator&quot; or drafts namespace. ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T86688 T86688], [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T87027 T87027].) If your community would like '''VisualEditor enabled on another namespace''' on your wiki, then you can file a request in Phabricator. Please include a link to a community discussion about the requested change.

=== Looking ahead === 

The Editing team will soon add '''auto-fill features''' '''for citations'''. The '''[[mw:Citoid|Citoid service]]''' takes a [[w:URL|URL]] or [[w:en: Digital object identifier|DOI]] for a reliable source, and returns a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation. After creating it, you will be able to change or add information to the citation, in the same way that you edit any other pre-existing citation in VisualEditor. Support for ISBNs, PMIDs, and other identifiers is planned. Later, editors will be able to contribute to the Citoid service's definitions for each website, to improve precision and reduce the need for manual corrections.   

We will need editors to help test the '''new design of the special character inserter''', especially if you speak Welsh, Breton, or another language that uses diacritics or special characters extensively. The new version should be available for testing next week. Please contact [[:en:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] if you would like to be notified when the new version is available. After the special character tool is completed, VisualEditor will be deployed to all users at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|Phase 5 Wikipedias]]. This will affect about 50 mid-size and smaller Wikipedias, including '''Afrikaans, Azerbaijani, Breton, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Mongolian, Tatar, and Welsh'''. The date for this change has not been determined. 

=== Let's work together === 


*Share your ideas and ask questions at [[mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]]. 
*Please help [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Help%3AVisualEditor%2FUser+guide&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter=  complete translations of the user guide] for users who speak your language. 
*Join the weekly bug triage meetings beginning Wednesday, 11 February 2015 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20150211T12&amp;p1=224&amp;ah=1 12:00 (noon) PST] (20:00 UTC); information about how to join the meeting will be posted at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal]] shortly before the meeting begins, and you can also contact [[mw:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James F.]] to learn more about this initiative. 
*Talk to the Editing team during the [[:m:IRC office hours|office hours]] via [[:en:IRC|IRC]]. The next session is on Thursday, 19 February 2015 at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?hour=19&amp;min=00&amp;sec=0&amp;day=19&amp;month=2&amp;year=2015 19:00 UTC].  
*Subscribe or unsubscribe at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]].  If you would like to help with translations of this newsletter, please subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready.  Thank you! 

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt; 18:31, 5 Oṣù Kejì 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=10839689 --&gt;

== [Global proposal] m.{{SITENAME}}.org: {{int:group-all}} {{int:right-edit}} ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Mediawiki-mobile-smartphone.png|thumb|MediaWiki mobile]]
Hi, this message is to let you know that, on domains like {{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}.'''m'''.wikipedia.org, '''unregistered users cannot edit'''. At the Wikimedia Forum, where global configuration changes are normally discussed, a few dozens users [[m:Wikimedia Forum#Proposal: restore normal editing permissions on all mobile sites|propose to restore normal editing permissions on all mobile sites]]. Please read and comment!

Thanks and sorry for writing in English, [[m:User:Nemo_bis|Nemo]] 22:32, 1 Oṣù Kẹta 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Nemo bis@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=11428885 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.''
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:

*[[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]] — humanities and social science books and journals
*[[w:en:Wikipedia:DynaMed|DynaMed]] — clinical reference tool for medical topics
*[[w:en:Wikipedia:Royal Pharmaceutical Society|Royal Pharmaceutical Society]] — pharmaceutical information and practice resources
*[[w:en:Wikipedia:Women_Writers_Online|Women Writers Online]] — a digital humanities database focused on women's literature
*[[w:en:Wikipedia:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] — American newspapers database w/ Open Access opportunities (expansion of accounts)

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 21:14, 2 Oṣù Kẹta 2015 (UTC)

:''Help us coordinate Wikipedia Library's distribution of accounts, communication of access opportunities and more! Please join our team at [[w:en:Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup|our new coordinator page]].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=10785744 --&gt;

== Inspire Campaign: Improving diversity, improving content ==

This March, we’re organizing an Inspire Campaign to encourage and support new ideas for improving gender diversity on Wikimedia projects. Less than 20% of Wikimedia contributors are women, and many important topics are still missing in our content. We invite all Wikimedians to participate. If you have an idea that could help address this problem, please get involved today! The campaign runs until March 31.

All proposals are welcome - research projects, technical solutions, community organizing and outreach initiatives, or something completely new! Funding is available from the Wikimedia Foundation for projects that need financial support. Constructive, positive feedback on ideas is appreciated, and collaboration is encouraged - your skills and experience may help bring someone else’s project to life. Join us at the Inspire Campaign and help this project better represent the world’s knowledge!
:*[[:m:Grants:IdeaLab/Inspire|Inspire Campaign main page]]
''(Sorry for the English - please translate this message!)'' [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 20:01, 4 Oṣù Kẹta 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Inspire_Mass_Message&amp;oldid=11457822 --&gt;

== SUL finalization update ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi all,apologies for writing in English, please read [[m:Single_User_Login_finalisation_announcement/Schema_announcement|this page]] for important information and an update involving [[m:Help:Unified login|SUL finalization]], scheduled to take place in one month. Thanks. [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 19:45, 13 Oṣù Kẹta 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/Everyone_but_meta_and_de&amp;oldid=11538208 --&gt;

== Stewards confirmation rules ==

Hello, I made [[:m:Requests_for_comment/Confirmation_of_stewards|a proposal on Meta]] to change the rules for the steward confirmations. Currently consensus to remove is required for a steward to lose his status, however I think it's fairer to the community if every steward needed the consensus to keep. As this is an issue that affects all WMF wikis, I'm sending this notification to let people know &amp; be able to participate. Best regards, --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]]&lt;/small&gt; 16:12, 10 Oṣù Kẹrin 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MF-Warburg@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=11737694 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #2—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]


'''Did you know?'''
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
With [[:mw:Citoid|Citoid]] in VisualEditor, you click the 'book with bookmark' icon and paste in the URL for a reliable source:


[[File:Citoid in VisualEditor Screen Shot 2015-04-02.png|alt=Screenshot of Citoid's first dialog|centre|frameless|230x230px]]


Citoid looks up the source for you and returns the citation results.  Click the green &quot;Insert&quot; button to accept its results and add them to the article:  


[[File:Citoid results in VisualEditor Screen Shot 2015-04-02.png|alt=Screenshot of Citoid's initial results|centre|frameless|230x230px]]


After inserting the citation, you can change it.  Select the reference, and click the &quot;Edit&quot; button in the context menu to make changes.

[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has fixed many bugs and worked on VisualEditor's performance, the [[:mw:Citoid|Citoid]] reference service, and support for languages with complex input requirements. Status reports are posted [[:mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on Mediawiki.org]]. The worklist for April through June is available [[phab:project/sprint/board/1113/|in Phabricator]]. 

The weekly '''task triage meetings''' continue to be open to volunteers, each Wednesday at [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20150401T11&amp;p1=224&amp;am=30 11:00 (noon) PDT] (18:00 UTC).  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration as a Q4 blocker.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the [[phab:tag/editing_department_2014_15_q4_blockers/|Editing team's Q4 blocker project]] with the bug.  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal|mw:Talk:VisualEditor/Portal]]. 
=== Recent improvements ===
VisualEditor is now substantially faster.  In many cases, opening the page in VisualEditor is now faster than opening it in the wikitext editor. The new system has improved the code speed by 37% and [[:mw:RESTBase|network speed]] by almost 40%.

The Editing team is slowly adding '''auto-fill features''' '''for citations'''. This is currently available only at the French, Italian, and English Wikipedias.  The '''[[:mw:Citoid|Citoid service]]''' takes a [[:en:URL|URL]] or [[:en:Digital object identifier|DOI]] for a reliable source, and returns a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation. After creating it, you will be able to change or add information to the citation, in the same way that you edit any other pre-existing citation in VisualEditor. Support for [[:en:ISBN|ISBNs]], [[:en:PubMed#PubMed_identifier|PMIDs]], and other identifiers is planned. Later, editors will be able to improve precision and reduce the need for manual corrections by contributing to the Citoid service's definitions for each website.

Citoid requires good [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for your citation templates.  If you would like to request this feature for your wiki, please post a request in the [[phab:tag/citoid/|Citoid project on Phabricator]]. Include links to the TemplateData for the most important citation templates on your wiki.

The '''special character inserter''' has been improved, based upon feedback from active users.  After this, VisualEditor was made available to all users of Wikipedias on the [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|Phase 5]] list on 30 March.  This affected 53 mid-size and smaller Wikipedias, including '''Afrikaans''', '''Azerbaijani''', '''Breton''', '''Kyrgyz''', '''Macedonian''', '''Mongolian''', '''Tatar''', and''' Welsh'''. 

Work continues to support languages with complex requirements, such as Korean and Japanese.  These languages use [[w:input method editor|input method editors]] (&quot;IMEs”).  Recent improvements to cursoring, backspace, and delete behavior will simplify typing in VisualEditor for these users.

The design for the image selection process is now using a &quot;masonry fit&quot; model.  Images in the search results are displayed at the same height but at variable widths, similar to bricks of different sizes in a masonry wall, or the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Mode parameter|&quot;packed&quot; mode in image galleries]].  This style helps you find the right image by making it easier to see more details in images.

You can now '''drag and drop categories''' to re-arrange their order of appearance ​on the page.

The pop-up window that appears when you click on a reference, image, link, or other element, is called the &quot;context menu&quot;.  It now displays additional useful information, such as the destination of the link or the image's filename.  The team has also added an explicit &quot;Edit&quot; button in the context menu, which helps new editors open the tool to change the item.

'''Invisible templates are marked by a puzzle piece icon''' so they can be interacted with. Users also will be able to see and edit HTML anchors now in section headings.

Users of the TemplateData GUI editor can now set a string as an optional text for the 'deprecated' property in addition to boolean value, which lets you tell users of the template what they should do instead. ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T90734 T90734])

=== Looking ahead ===
The special character inserter in VisualEditor will soon use the same special character list as the wikitext editor.  Admins at each wiki will also have the option of creating a custom section for frequently used characters at the top of the list.  Instructions for customizing the list will be posted [[:mw:VisualEditor/Special_characters|at mediawiki.org]].

The team is discussing a test of VisualEditor with new users at the English Wikipedia, to see whether they have met their goals of making VisualEditor suitable for those editors.  The timing is unknown, but might be relatively soon. ([https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T90666 T90666])

=== Let's work together ===

* Share your ideas and ask questions at [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Feedback&amp;lqt_method=talkpage_new_thread mw:VisualEditor/Feedback].
* Can you translate from English into any other language?  Please check [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3AMessageGroupStats&amp;x=D&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve&amp;suppressempty=1 this list] to see whether more interface translations are needed for your language.  [[m:User talk:Elitre (WMF)|Contact us]] to get an account if you want to help! 
* The design research team wants to see how real editors work. Please [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for their research program]. 
* File requests for language-appropriate &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-bold-tooltip}}&quot; and &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-italic-tooltip}}&quot; icons for the character formatting menu [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/create/?projects=PHID-PROJ-dafezmpv6huxg3taml24 in Phabricator]. 

Subscribe, unsubscribe or change the page where this newsletter is delivered at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]].  If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;/div&gt; 19:48, 10 Oṣù Kẹrin 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=11742174 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Call for candidates|Nominations are being accepted for 2015 Wikimedia Foundation elections]] ==

''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Accepting nominations|Translations]] are available.''
[[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - vertical (2012-2016).svg|100px|right]]
Greetings,

I am pleased to announce that nominations are now being accepted for the 2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections. This year the Board and the FDC Staff are looking for a diverse set of candidates from regions and projects that are traditionally under-represented on the board and in the movement as well as candidates with experience in technology, product or finance. To this end they have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Call for candidates|published letters]] describing what they think is needed and, recognizing that those who know the community the best are the community themselves, the election committee is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|accepting nominations]] for community members you think should run and will reach out to those nominated to provide them with information about the job and the election process.

This year, elections are being held for the following roles:

''Board of Trustees''&lt;br/&gt;
The Board of Trustees is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long term sustainability of the Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection.  There are three positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|the board elections page]].    

''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)''&lt;br/&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities.  There are five positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|the FDC elections page]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) Ombud''&lt;br/&gt;
The FDC Ombud receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the Board of Trustees,  and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis.  One position is being filled.  More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|the FDC Ombudsperson elections page]]. 

The candidacy submission phase lasts from 00:00 UTC April 20 to 23:59 UTC May 5 for the Board and from 00:00 UTCApril 20 to 23:59 UTC April 30 for the FDC and FDC Ombudsperson. This year, we are accepting both self-nominations and nominations of others. More information on this election and the nomination process can be found on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|the 2015 Wikimedia elections page on Meta-Wiki]].

Please feel free to post a note about the election on your project's village pump. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the talk page on Meta, or sent to the election committee's mailing list, board-elections -at- wikimedia.org 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[m:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Coordinator, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 05:03, 21 April 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Accepting nominations|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Varnent@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=11918510 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections 2015]] ==

[[File:Wikimedia Foundation RGB logo with text.svg|right|75px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun]]
''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/336|Voting has begun]] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2015 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) and ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|FDC Ombudsperson]]''. Questions and discussion with the candidates for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015/Questions|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) and ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015/Questions|FDC Ombudsperson]]'' will continue during the voting. Nominations for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|Board of Trustees]]'' will be accepted until 23:59 UTC May 5.

The ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:APG/Funds Dissemination Committee|Funds Dissemination Committee]]'' (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities. There are five positions on the committee being filled.

The ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:APG/Funds Dissemination Committee/Ombudsperson role, expectations, and selection process|FDC Ombudsperson]]'' receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]], and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 3 to 23:59 UTC May 10. '''[[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/336|Click here to vote]].''' Questions and discussion with the candidates will continue during that time. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015/Questions|Click here to ask the FDC candidates a question]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015/Questions|Click here to ask the FDC Ombudsperson candidates a question]].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC elections/2015|2015 FDC election page]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/FDC Ombudsperson elections/2015|2015 FDC Ombudsperson election page]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|2015 Board election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[m:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Volunteer Coordinator, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 03:45, 4 May 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/FDC voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Varnent@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12082785 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this into your local language.''
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
Today [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] announces signups for more free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* '''[[w:en:WP:MIT|MIT Press Journals]]''' — scholarly journals in the humanities, sciences, and social sciences  (200 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:WP:Loeb|Loeb Classical Library]]''' — Harvard University Press versions of Classical Greek and Latin literature with commentary and annotation (25 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:RIPM|RIPM]]''' — music periodicals published between 1760 and 1966 (20 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:WP:SAGE Stats|Sage Stats]]''' — social science data for geographies within the United States (10 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:WP:HeinOnline|HeinOnline]]'''  — an extensive legal research database, including 2000 law-related journals as well as international legal history materials (25 accounts)

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 22:12, 4 Oṣù Kàrún 2015 (UTC)

:''We need your help! Help coordinate Wikipedia Library's account distribution and global development! Please join our team at [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup Global our new coordinator signup].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=12114173 --&gt;

== [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=yo Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections 2015] ==

[[File:Wikimedia Foundation logo - vertical (2012-2016).svg|right|100px|link=metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun]]
''This is a message from the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=yo Voting has begun] for [[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2015 elections for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''. Questions and discussion with the candidates for the ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015/Questions|Board]]'' will continue during the voting.

The ''[[metawiki:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]'' is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 17 to 23:59 UTC May 31. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/339?setlang=yo Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/Board elections/2015|2015 ''Board'' election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
-Gregory Varnum ([[metawiki:User:Varnent|User:Varnent]])&lt;br/&gt;
Volunteer Coordinator, [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/Committee|2015 Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]

''Posted by the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 17:20, 17 May 2015 (UTC) • [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015/MassMessages/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[metawiki:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections 2015|Get help]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Varnent@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12206621 --&gt;

== Pywikibot compat will no longer be supported - Please migrate to pywikibot core ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Sorry for English, I hope someone translates this.&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot|Pywikibot]] (then &quot;Pywikipediabot&quot;) was started back in 2002. In 2007 a new branch (formerly known as &quot;rewrite&quot;, now called &quot;core&quot;) was started from scratch using the MediaWiki API. The developers of Pywikibot have decided to stop supporting the compat version of Pywikibot due to bad performance and architectural errors that make it hard to update, compared to core.  If you are using pywikibot compat it is likely your code will break due to upcoming MediaWiki API changes (e.g. [[phab:T101524|T101524]]). It is highly recommended you migrate to the core framework. There is a  [[mw:Manual:Pywikibot/Compat deprecation|migration guide]], and please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Communication|contact us]] if you have any problem.

There is an upcoming MediaWiki API breaking change that compat will not be updated for. If your bot's name is in [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2015-June/081931.html this list], your bot will most likely break.

Thank you,&lt;br /&gt;
The Pywikibot development team, 19:30, 5 June 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Ladsgroup@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12271740 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #3—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]

'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
When you click on a link to an article, you now see more information:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-context menu-link tool.png|alt=Screenshot showing the link tool's context menu|centre|frameless|230x230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
The link tool has been re-designed:  
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor link tool 2015.png|alt=Screenshot of the link inspector|centre|frameless|230x230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
There are separate tabs for linking to internal and external pages.
[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has created new interfaces for the link and citation tools and fixed many bugs and changed some elements of the design.  Some of these bugs affected users of VisualEditor on mobile devices. Status reports are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on mediawiki.org]]. The worklist for April through June is available [[phab:project/sprint/board/1113/|in Phabricator]]. 

A [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study|test of VisualEditor's effect on new editors]] at the English Wikipedia has just completed the first phase.  During this test, half of newly registered editors had VisualEditor automatically enabled, and half did not.  The main goal of the study is to learn which group was more likely to save an edit and to make productive, unreverted edits.  Initial [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study#Results|results will be posted at Meta]] later this month.    
=== Recent improvements ===
'''Auto-fill features''' '''for citations''' are available at a few Wikipedias through the '''[[:mw:Citoid|citoid service]]'''.  Citoid takes a [[:en:URL|URL]] or [[:en:Digital object identifier|DOI]] for a reliable source, and returns a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation.  If Citoid is enabled on your wiki, then the design of the citation workflow changed during May.  All citations are now created inside a single tool.  Inside that tool, choose the tab you want ({{int:citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-auto}}, {{int: citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-manual}}, or {{int:citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-reuse}}).  The cite button is now labeled with the word &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-cite-label}}&quot; rather than a book icon, and the autofill citation dialog now has a more meaningful label, &quot;{{Int:Citoid-citeFromIDDialog-lookup-button}}&quot;, for the submit button.

The '''link tool''' has been redesigned based on feedback from Wikipedia editors and user testing.  It now has two separate sections:  one for links to articles and one for external links. When you select a link, its pop-up context menu shows the name of the linked page, a thumbnail image from the linked page, Wikidata's description, and appropriate icons for disambiguation pages, redirect pages and empty pages (where applicable). Search results have been reduced to the first five pages.  Several bugs were fixed, including a dark highlight that appeared over the first match in the link inspector.  ([[phab:T98085|T98085]])

The '''special character inserter''' in VisualEditor now uses the same special character list as the wikitext editor.  Admins at each wiki can also create a custom section for frequently used characters at the top of the list.  Please read the instructions for customizing the list [[mw:VisualEditor/Special_characters|at mediawiki.org]].  Also, there is now a tooltip to describing each character in the special character inserter. ([[phab:T70425|T70425]])

Several improvements have been made to '''templates'''.  When you search for a template to insert, the list of results now contains descriptions of the templates. The parameter list inside the template dialog now remains open after inserting a parameter from the list, so that users don’t need to click on &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-dialog-transclusion-add-param}}&quot; each time they want to add another parameter.  ([[phab:T95696|T95696]]) The team added a '''new property for TemplateData''', &quot;{{int: templatedata-doc-param-example}}&quot;, for template parameters.  This optional, translatable property will show up when there is text describing how to use that parameter. ([[phab:T53049|T53049]])

The '''design''' of the main toolbar and several other elements have changed slightly, to be consistent with the MediaWiki theme.  In the Vector skin, individual items in the menu are separated visually by pale gray bars.  Buttons and menus on the toolbar can now contain both an icon and a text label, rather than just one or the other. This new design feature is being used for the cite button on wikis where the Citoid service is enabled.

The team has released a long-desired improvement to the handling of '''non-existent images'''.  If a non-existent image is linked in an article, then it is now visible in VisualEditor and can be selected, edited, replaced, or removed.

=== Let's work together ===
* Share your ideas and ask questions at [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Feedback&amp;lqt_method=talkpage_new_thread mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]. 
* The weekly task triage meetings continue to be open to volunteers, usually on Wednesday at 12:00 (noon) PDT (19:00 UTC).  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration as a Q4 blocker, though.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the [[phab:tag/editing_department_2014_15_q4_blockers/|VisualEditor Q4 blocker project]] with the bug.  
* If your Wikivoyage, Wikibooks, Wikiversity, or other community wants to have VisualEditor made available by default to contributors, then please contact [[:m:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]]. 
* If you would like to request the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki, please post a request in the [[phab:tag/citoid/|Citoid project on Phabricator]]. Include links to the [[:mw:Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]]  for the most important citation templates on your wiki. 
*The team is planning the second VisualEditor-related &quot;translathon&quot; for July. Please follow [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T91108 this task on Phabricator] for details and updates! Announcements will follow in due course.

Subscribe, unsubscribe or change the page where this newsletter is delivered at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]].  If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;10:44, 13 Oṣù Kẹfà 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=12206605 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #3—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]

'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
When you click on a link to an article, you now see more information:
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-context menu-link tool.png|alt=Screenshot showing the link tool's context menu|centre|frameless|230x230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
The link tool has been re-designed:  
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor link tool 2015.png|alt=Screenshot of the link inspector|centre|frameless|230x230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
There are separate tabs for linking to internal and external pages.
[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|The user guide]] has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] has created new interfaces for the link and citation tools and fixed many bugs and changed some elements of the design.  Some of these bugs affected users of VisualEditor on mobile devices. Status reports are posted [[mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on mediawiki.org]]. The worklist for April through June is available [[phab:project/sprint/board/1113/|in Phabricator]]. 

A [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study|test of VisualEditor's effect on new editors]] at the English Wikipedia has just completed the first phase.  During this test, half of newly registered editors had VisualEditor automatically enabled, and half did not.  The main goal of the study is to learn which group was more likely to save an edit and to make productive, unreverted edits.  Initial [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study#Results|results will be posted at Meta]] later this month.    
=== Recent improvements ===
'''Auto-fill features''' '''for citations''' are available at a few Wikipedias through the '''[[:mw:Citoid|citoid service]]'''.  Citoid takes a [[:en:URL|URL]] or [[:en:Digital object identifier|DOI]] for a reliable source, and returns a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation.  If Citoid is enabled on your wiki, then the design of the citation workflow changed during May.  All citations are now created inside a single tool.  Inside that tool, choose the tab you want ({{int:citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-auto}}, {{int: citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-manual}}, or {{int:citoid-citeFromIDDialog-mode-reuse}}).  The cite button is now labeled with the word &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-cite-label}}&quot; rather than a book icon, and the autofill citation dialog now has a more meaningful label, &quot;{{Int:Citoid-citeFromIDDialog-lookup-button}}&quot;, for the submit button.

The '''link tool''' has been redesigned based on feedback from Wikipedia editors and user testing.  It now has two separate sections:  one for links to articles and one for external links. When you select a link, its pop-up context menu shows the name of the linked page, a thumbnail image from the linked page, Wikidata's description, and appropriate icons for disambiguation pages, redirect pages and empty pages (where applicable). Search results have been reduced to the first five pages.  Several bugs were fixed, including a dark highlight that appeared over the first match in the link inspector.  ([[phab:T98085|T98085]])

The '''special character inserter''' in VisualEditor now uses the same special character list as the wikitext editor.  Admins at each wiki can also create a custom section for frequently used characters at the top of the list.  Please read the instructions for customizing the list [[mw:VisualEditor/Special_characters|at mediawiki.org]].  Also, there is now a tooltip to describing each character in the special character inserter. ([[phab:T70425|T70425]])

Several improvements have been made to '''templates'''.  When you search for a template to insert, the list of results now contains descriptions of the templates. The parameter list inside the template dialog now remains open after inserting a parameter from the list, so that users don’t need to click on &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-dialog-transclusion-add-param}}&quot; each time they want to add another parameter.  ([[phab:T95696|T95696]]) The team added a '''new property for TemplateData''', &quot;{{int: templatedata-doc-param-example}}&quot;, for template parameters.  This optional, translatable property will show up when there is text describing how to use that parameter. ([[phab:T53049|T53049]])

The '''design''' of the main toolbar and several other elements have changed slightly, to be consistent with the MediaWiki theme.  In the Vector skin, individual items in the menu are separated visually by pale gray bars.  Buttons and menus on the toolbar can now contain both an icon and a text label, rather than just one or the other. This new design feature is being used for the cite button on wikis where the Citoid service is enabled.

The team has released a long-desired improvement to the handling of '''non-existent images'''.  If a non-existent image is linked in an article, then it is now visible in VisualEditor and can be selected, edited, replaced, or removed.

=== Let's work together ===
* Share your ideas and ask questions at [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Feedback&amp;lqt_method=talkpage_new_thread mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]. 
* The weekly task triage meetings continue to be open to volunteers, usually on Wednesday at 12:00 (noon) PDT (19:00 UTC).  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration as a Q4 blocker, though.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the [[phab:tag/editing_department_2014_15_q4_blockers/|VisualEditor Q4 blocker project]] with the bug.  
* If your Wikivoyage, Wikibooks, Wikiversity, or other community wants to have VisualEditor made available by default to contributors, then please contact [[:m:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]]. 
* If you would like to request the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki, please post a request in the [[phab:tag/citoid/|Citoid project on Phabricator]]. Include links to the [[:mw:Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]]  for the most important citation templates on your wiki. 
*The team is planning the second VisualEditor-related &quot;translathon&quot; for July. Please follow [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T91108 this task on Phabricator] for details and updates! Announcements will follow in due course.

Subscribe, unsubscribe or change the page where this newsletter is delivered at [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Meta]].  If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!

— &lt;span class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;12:42, 13 Oṣù Kẹfà 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=12206605 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (June 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
Today [[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] announces signups for more free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* '''[[w:en:WP:TANDF|Taylor &amp; Francis]]'''  — academic publisher of journals. The pilot includes two subject collections: Arts &amp; Humanities and Biological, Environment &amp; Earth Sciences. (30 accounts)
*'''[[w:en:WP:World Bank|World Bank eLibrary]]'''  — digital platform containing all books, working papers, and journal articles published by the World Bank from the 1990s to the present.  (100 accounts)
* '''[[w:en:WP:AAAS|AAAS]]''' — general interest science publisher, who publishes the journal ''Science'' among other sources (50 accounts)
'''New French-Language Branch!'''
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Erudit|Érudit]]''' ([[w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%89rudit|en Francais]]) — Érudit is a French-Canadian scholarly aggregator primarily, humanities and social sciences, and contains sources in both English and French. Signups on both English and French Wikipedia (50 accounts).
* '''[[w:en:WP:Cairn|Cairn.info]]''' ([[w:fr:Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cairn|en Francais]]) —  Cairn.info is a Switzerland based online web portal of scholarly materials in the humanities and social sciences. Most sources are in French, but some also in English. Signups on both English and French Wikipedia (100 accounts).
* '''[[w:fr:WP:L'Harmattan|L'Harmattan]]''' — French language publisher across a wide range of non-fiction and fiction, with a strong selection of francophone African materials  (1000 accounts).

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including an expansion of accounts for [[w:en:WP:RSUK|Royal Society journals]] and remaining accounts on [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:Wikipedia:JSTOR|JSTOR]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Highbeam|Highbeam]] [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. If you have suggestions for journals or databases we should seek access to [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals/Requests|make a request]]! Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 22:08, 15 June 2015 (UTC)

:''We need your help! Help coordinate Wikipedia Library's account distribution and global development! Please join our team at [[meta:The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup|our new coordinator signup]].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [[meta:MassMessage#Global_message_delivery| Global Mass Message]] tool to [[meta:Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library|The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List]]&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=12455967 --&gt;

== HTTPS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English.

Hi everyone.

Over the last few years, the Wikimedia Foundation has [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2013/08/01/future-https-wikimedia-projects/ been working] towards enabling [[m:Special:MyLanguage/HTTPS|HTTPS]] by default for all users, including unregistered ones, for better privacy and security for both readers and editors. This has taken a long time, as there were different aspects to take into account. Our servers haven't been ready to handle it. The Wikimedia Foundation has had to balance sometimes conflicting goals.

[https://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/06/12/securing-wikimedia-sites-with-https/ Forced HTTPS] has just been implemented on all Wikimedia projects. Some of you might already be aware of this, as a few Wikipedia language versions were converted to HTTPS last week and the then affected communities were notified.

Most of Wikimedia editors shouldn't be affected at all. If you edit as registered user, you've probably already had to log in through HTTPS. We'll keep an eye on this to make sure everything is working as it should. Do get in touch with [[:m:HTTPS#Help!|us]] if you have any problems after this change or contact me if you have any other questions.

/[[:m:User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 22:00, 19 Oṣù Kẹfà 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/HTTPS_global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12471979 --&gt;

== Proposal to create PNG thumbnails of static GIF images ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.gif|255px|thumb|The thumbnail of this gif is of really bad quality.]]
[[File:(R)-3-phenyl-cyclohanone.png|255px|thumb|How a PNG thumb of this GIF would look like]]

There is a [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal]] at the Commons Village Pump requesting feedback about the thumbnails of static GIF images: It states that static GIF files should have their thumbnails created in PNG. The advantages of PNG over GIF would be visible especially with GIF images using an alpha channel. (compare the thumbnails on the side)

This change would affect all wikis, so if you support/oppose or want to give general feedback/concerns, please post them to the [[w:c:Commons:Village_pump/Proposals#Create_PNG_thumbnails_of_static_GIF_images|proposal page]]. Thank you. --[[w:c:User:McZusatz|McZusatz]] ([[w:c:User talk:McZusatz|talk]]) &amp; [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 05:08, 24 Oṣù Keje 2015 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:-revi@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12485605 --&gt;

== What does a Healthy Community look like to you? ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Community Health Cover art News portal.png|300px|right]]
Hi, &lt;br&gt;
The Community Engagement department at the Wikimedia Foundation has launched a new learning campaign. The WMF wants to record community impressions about what makes a healthy online community.
Share your views and/or create a drawing and take a chance to win a Wikimania 2016 scholarship!
Join the WMF as we begin a conversation about Community Health. Contribute a drawing or answer the questions [[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|on the campaign's page.]]
=== Why get involved? ===
'''The world is changing. The way we relate to knowledge is transforming.''' As the next billion people come online, the Wikimedia movement is working to bring more users on the wiki projects. The way we interact and collaborate online are key to building sustainable projects. How accessible are Wikimedia projects to newcomers today? Are we helping each other learn?
&lt;br/&gt;
Share your views on this matter that affects us all!
&lt;br&gt;
'''We invite everyone to take part in this learning campaign. Wikimedia Foundation will distribute one Wikimania Scholarship 2016 among those participants who are eligible.''' 

=== More information ===
* All participants must have a registered user of at least one month antiquity on any Wikimedia project before the starting date of the campaign. 
* &lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom:1px dotted&quot;&gt; All eligible contributions must be done until '''August 23, 2015 at &lt;nowiki&gt;23:59&lt;/nowiki&gt; UTC''' &lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;big&gt; Wiki link: '''[[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|Community Health learning campaign]]''' &lt;/big&gt;
* URL https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Evaluation/Community_Health_learning_campaign 
* Contact: [[meta:user:MCruz (WMF)|María Cruz]] / Twitter: {{@}}WikiEval #CommunityHealth / email: eval{{@}}wikimedia{{dot}}org
&lt;br&gt;

Happy editing! 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 23:42, 31 Oṣù Keje 2015 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MCruz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12909005 --&gt;

== What does a Healthy Community look like to you? ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Community Health Cover art News portal.png|300px|right]]
Hi, &lt;br&gt;
The Community Engagement department at the Wikimedia Foundation has launched a new learning campaign. The WMF wants to record community impressions about what makes a healthy online community.
Share your views and/or create a drawing and take a chance to win a Wikimania 2016 scholarship!
Join the WMF as we begin a conversation about Community Health. Contribute a drawing or answer the questions [[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|on the campaign's page.]]
=== Why get involved? ===
'''The world is changing. The way we relate to knowledge is transforming.''' As the next billion people come online, the Wikimedia movement is working to bring more users on the wiki projects. The way we interact and collaborate online are key to building sustainable projects. How accessible are Wikimedia projects to newcomers today? Are we helping each other learn?
&lt;br/&gt;
Share your views on this matter that affects us all!
&lt;br&gt;
'''We invite everyone to take part in this learning campaign. Wikimedia Foundation will distribute one Wikimania Scholarship 2016 among those participants who are eligible.''' 

=== More information ===
* All participants must have a registered user of at least one month antiquity on any Wikimedia project before the starting date of the campaign. 
* &lt;span style=&quot;border-bottom:1px dotted&quot;&gt; All eligible contributions must be done until '''August 23, 2015 at &lt;nowiki&gt;23:59&lt;/nowiki&gt; UTC''' &lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;big&gt; Wiki link: '''[[meta:Grants:Evaluation/Community Health learning campaign|Community Health learning campaign]]''' &lt;/big&gt;
* URL https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grants:Evaluation/Community_Health_learning_campaign 
* Contact: [[meta:user:MCruz (WMF)|María Cruz]] / Twitter: {{@}}WikiEval #CommunityHealth / email: eval{{@}}wikimedia{{dot}}org
&lt;br&gt;

Happy editing! 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 04:05, 1 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2015 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MCruz (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=12909005 --&gt;

== Wikidata: Access to data from arbitrary items is coming ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
(Sorry for writing in English)

When using data from Wikidata on Wikipedia and other sister projects, there is currently a limitation in place that hinders some use cases: data can only be accessed from the corresponding item. So, for example, the Wikipedia article about Berlin can only get data from the Wikidata item about Berlin but not from the item about Germany. This had technical reasons. We are now removing this limitation. It is already done for many projects. Your project is one of the next ones. We will roll out this feature here on August 12.

We invite you to play around with this new feature if you are one of the people who have been waiting for this for a long time. If you have technical issues/questions with this you can come to [[d:Wikidata:Contact the development team]].

A note of caution: Please be careful with how many items you use for a single page. If it is too many pages, loading might get slow. We will have to see how the feature behaves in production to see where we need to tweak and how.

How to use it, once it is enabled:
* Parser function: &lt;nowiki&gt;{{#property:P36|from=Q183}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; to get the capital from the item about Germany
* Lua: see [[mw:Extension:Wikibase Client/Lua]]

Cheers [[:d:User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher]] [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 17:46, 3 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lydia_Pintscher_(WMDE)/Distribution_List&amp;oldid=12981073 --&gt;

== Wikidata: Access to data from arbitrary items is here ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
(Sorry for writing in English)

Hi everyone,

As I have previously announced here we have now enabled the arbitrary access feature here. This means from now on you can make use of data from any Wikidata item in any article here. Before you could for example only access data about Berlin in the article about Berlin. If you want to find out more or have questions please come to [[d:Wikidata:Arbitrary access]]. I hope this will open up great possibilities for you and make your work easier.
Cheers [[:d:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)|Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)]] 13:32, 12 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lydia_Pintscher_(WMDE)/Distribution_List&amp;oldid=12983468 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #4—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/August|Read this in another language]]  •  [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  
You can add quotations marks before and after a title or phrase with a single click.

Select the relevant text.  Find the correct quotations marks in the special character inserter tool (marked as Ω in the toolbar).&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor Special character inserter quotation 2.png|alt=Screenshot showing the special character tool, selected text, and the special character that will be inserted|centre|frameless|230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
Click the button.  VisualEditor will add the quotation marks on either side of the text you selected.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor Special character inserter quotation 3.png|alt=Screenshot showing the special character tool and the same text after the special character has been inserted|centre|frameless|230px]]
&lt;br&gt;
You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use VisualEditor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|Editing Team]] have been working on mobile phone support. They have fixed many bugs and improved language support.  They post weekly status reports [[mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on mediawiki.org]]. Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving language support and functionality on mobile devices.   

=== Wikimania ===
The team attended Wikimania 2015 in Mexico City. There they participated in the Hackathon and met with individuals and groups of users. They also made several presentations about [[c:File:How_we_made_VisualEditor_faster.pdf|VisualEditor]] and the [[:c:File:Wikimania_2015_–_Editing_Department_–_Beyond_Editing.pdf|future of editing]]. 

Following Wikimania, we announced winners for the [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Project:VisualEditor/2015_Translathon VisualEditor 2015 Translathon]. Our thanks and congratulations to users ''Halan-tul'', ''Renessaince'', ''&lt;span lang=&quot;ne&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;जनक राज भट्ट&lt;/span&gt; (Janak Bhatta)'', ''Vahe Gharakhanyan'', ''Warrakkk'', and ''Eduardogobi''.

For '''interface messages''' (translated at [https://translatewiki.net translatewiki.net]), we saw the initiative affecting 42 languages. The average progress in translations across all languages was 56.5% before the translathon, and 78.2% after ('''+21.7%'''). In particular, Sakha improved from 12.2% to 94.2%; Brazilian Portuguese went from 50.6% to 100%; Taraškievica went from 44.9% to 85.3%; Doteli went from 1.3% to 41.2%. Also, while 1.7% of the messages were outdated across all languages before the translathon, the percentage dropped to 0.8% afterwards (-0.9%).   

For '''documentation messages''' (on mediawiki.org), we saw the initiative affecting 24 languages. The average progress in translations across all languages was 26.6% before translathon, and 46.9% after ('''+20.3%''').  There were particularly notable achievements for three languages. Armenian improved from 1% to 99%; Swedish, from 21% to 99%, and Brazilian Portuguese, from 34% to 83%. Outdated translations across all languages were reduced from 8.4% before translathon to 4.8% afterwards (-3.6%).   

[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Project:VisualEditor/2015_Translathon#Graphs_(interface_messages_only) We published some graphs] showing the effect of the event on the Translathon page. We thank the translators for participating and the translatewiki.net staff for facilitating this initiative.   

=== Recent improvements ===
'''Auto-fill features for citations''' can be enabled on each Wikipedia.  The tool uses the '''[[:mw:Citoid|citoid service]]''' to convert a [[:en:URL|URL]] or [[:en:Digital object identifier|DOI]] into a pre-filled, pre-formatted bibliographic citation. You can see an animated GIF of the quick, [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/GIFs#Auto-citing_a_source|simple process at mediawiki.org]].  So far, about a dozen Wikipedias have enabled the auto-citation tool.  To enable it for your wiki, follow the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling_Citoid_on_your_wiki|instructions at mediawiki.org]].

Your wiki can customize the first section of the '''special character inserter''' in VisualEditor. Please follow the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Special_characters|instructions at mediawiki.org]] to put the characters you want at the top. 
In other changes, if you need to fill in a [[:mw:CAPTCHA|CAPTCHA]] and get it wrong, then you can click to get a new one to complete.  VisualEditor can now display and edit [[mediawikiwiki:Extension:Graph|Vega-based graphs]]. If you use the Monobook skin, VisualEditor's appearance is now more consistent with other software.     

=== Future changes ===
The team will be changing the '''appearance of selected links''' inside VisualEditor. The purpose is to make it easy to see whether your cursor is inside or outside the link.  When you select a link, the link label (the words shown on the page) will be enclosed in a faint box.  If you place your cursor inside the box, then your changes to the link label will be part of the link.  If you place your cursor outside the box, then it will not.  This will make it easy to know when new characters will be added to the link and when they will not.

On the English Wikipedia, 10% of newly created accounts are now offered both the visual and the wikitext editors.  A [[m:Research:VisualEditor's_effect_on_newly_registered_editors/May_2015_study|recent controlled trial]] showed no significant difference in survival or productivity for new users in the short term.  New users with access to VisualEditor were very slightly less likely to produce results that needed reverting.  You can learn more about this by watching a video of the [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Research/Showcase#July_2015|July 2015 Wikimedia Research Showcase]].  The proportion of new accounts with access to both editing environments will be gradually increased over time. Eventually all new users have the choice  between the two editing environments.

=== Let's work together ===
* Share your ideas and ask questions at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|mw:VisualEditor/Feedback]].  This feedback page is now using [[mw:Flow|Flow]] instead of LiquidThreads.
* &lt;mark&gt;Can you read and type in Korean or Japanese?&lt;/mark&gt; Language engineer [[mw:User:DChan (WMF)|David Chan]]  needs people who know which tools people use to type in some languages. If you speak Japanese or Korean, you can help him test support for these languages. Please see the instructions at [[mw:VisualEditor/IME Testing#What to test|mediawiki.org]] if you can help.  
* If your wiki would like '''VisualEditor enabled on another namespace''', you can file a request in Phabricator. Please include a link to a community discussion about the requested change.
* Please file requests for language-appropriate &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-bold-tooltip}}&quot; and &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-italic-tooltip}}&quot; icons for the styling menu [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/create/?projects=PHID-PROJ-dafezmpv6huxg3taml24 in Phabricator].   
* The design research team wants to see how real editors work. Please [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for their research program]. 
* The weekly task triage meetings continue to be open to volunteers, usually on Tuesdays at 12:00 (noon) PDT (19:00 UTC).  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration as a Q1 blocker, though.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the main [[phab:project/profile/483/|VisualEditor project]] with the bug. 

If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt; —[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 22:28, 14 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=12980645 --&gt;

== How can we improve Wikimedia grants to support you better? ==

''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.''

Hello,

The Wikimedia Foundation would like your feedback about how we can '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|reimagine Wikimedia Foundation grants]]''', to better support people and ideas in your Wikimedia project.  Ways to participate:

*Respond to questions on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants|the discussion page of the idea]].
*Join a [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|small group conversation]].   
*Learn more about [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Consultation|this consultation]].
Feedback is welcome in any language.

With thanks,

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation.

([[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/ProjectTargets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) &lt;small&gt;This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].&lt;/small&gt; 00:49, 19 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2015 (UTC)

== Introducing the Wikimedia public policy site ==

Hi all,

We are excited to introduce a new Wikimedia Public Policy site. The site includes resources and position statements on access, copyright, censorship, intermediary liability, and privacy. The site explains how good public policy supports the Wikimedia projects, editors, and mission.

Visit the public policy portal: https://policy.wikimedia.org/

Please help translate the [[m:Public policy|statements on Meta Wiki]]. You can [http://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/09/02/new-wikimedia-public-policy-site/ read more on the Wikimedia blog].

Thanks,

[[m:User:YWelinder (WMF)|Yana]] and [[m:User:Slaporte (WMF)|Stephen]] ([[m:User talk:Slaporte (WMF)|Talk]]) 18:13, 2 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2015 (UTC)

''(Sent with the [[m:MassMessage#Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery system]])''
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Slaporte (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Slaporte_(WMF)/Announcing_public_policy_site&amp;oldid=13439030 --&gt;

== Open call for Individual Engagement Grants ==

''My apologies for posting this message in English. Please help translate it if you can.''

Greetings!  The '''[[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' until September 29th to fund new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental ideas that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.  Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), Individual Engagement Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.

*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]]
*[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]] or [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|an upcoming Hangout session]]
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

Thanks,

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]], Wikimedia Foundation. 20:52, 4 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2015 (UTC)

([[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)/IEG 2015 Targets|''Opt-out Instructions'']]) &lt;small&gt;This message was sent by [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) through [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=13476366 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Database Access (September 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* '''[[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCOHost]]''' - this is one of our largest access donations so far: access to a wide variety of academic, newspaper and magazine sources through their Academic Search Complete, Business Source Complete and MasterFILE Complete 
* '''[[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]''' - historical newspapers from the United States, Canada, UK and 20 other countries, and includes an Open Access &quot;clipping&quot; feature (1000 accounts) 
* '''[[w:en:WP:IMF|IMF Elibary]]'''- a digital collection of the IMF's reports, studies and research on global economics and development   (50 accounts) 
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Sabinet|Sabinet]]''' -  one of the largest African digital publishers, based in South Africa, with a wide range of content in English and other European and African languages (10 accounts) 
* '''[[w:fr:Wikipédia:Numérique Premium|Numérique Premium]]''' - a French language social science and humanities ebook database, with topical collections on a wide range of topics (100)
*'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة_ويكيبيديا/المنهل|Al Manhal]]''' - an Arabic and English database with a wide range of sources, largely focused on or published in the Middle East (60 accounts)
*'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة ويكيبيديا/جملون|Jamalon]]'''  - an Arabic book distributor, who is providing targeted book delivery to volunteers (50 editors)

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including  expanded accounts for [[w:en:WP:Elsevier ScienceDirect|Elsevier ScienceDirect]], [[w:en:WP:BMJ|British Medical Journal]] and [[w:en:WP:Dynamed|Dynamed]] and additional accounts for [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]], [[w:en:WP:Highbeam|Highbeam]] and [[w:en:HeinOnline|HeinOnline]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 19:42, 16 September 2015 (UTC)

:''We need help! Help us coordinate Wikipedia Library's distribution of accounts, communication of access opportunities and more! Please join our team at [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library/Coordinators/Signup our new coordinator signup].''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=13664781 --&gt;

== Only one week left for Individual Engagement Grant proposals! ==

(Apologies for using English below, please help translate if you are able.)

'''There is still one week left to submit [[m:IEG|Individual Engagement Grant]] (IEG) proposals''' before the September 29th deadline.  If you have ideas for new tools, community-building processes, and other experimental projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today!  Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well.  Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request.
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]]
*[[m:Grants:IdeaLab|'''Get help''' with your proposal in IdeaLab]]
*[[m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]], [[m:Community Resources|Community Resources]] 21:01, 22 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=13754911 --&gt;

== Reimagining WMF grants report ==

''(My apologies for using English here, please help translate if you are able.)''

Last month, we asked for community feedback on [[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants| a proposal to change the structure of WMF grant programs]]. Thanks to the 200+ people who participated!  '''[[m:Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/Outcomes|
A report]]''' on what we learned and changed based on this consultation is now available.

Come read about the findings and next steps as WMF’s Community Resources team begins to implement changes based on your feedback. Your questions and comments are welcome on [[m:Grants talk:IdeaLab/Reimagining WMF grants/Outcomes|the outcomes discussion page]].

With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 16:56, 28 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grants:IdeaLab/Reimagining_WMF_grants/ProjectTargets&amp;oldid=13850666 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #5—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/October|Read this in another language]]  •  [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

You can use the visual editor on smartphones and tablets.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:Switching edit modes to VisualEditor on Mobile web.png|alt=Screenshot showing the menu for switching from the wikitext editor to the visual editor|centre|frameless|230x230px]]&lt;br&gt;
Click the pencil icon to open the editor for a page.  Inside that, use the gear menu in the upper right corner to &quot;{{int:mobile-frontend-editor-switch-visual-editor}}&quot;.

The editing button will remember which editing environment you used last time, and give you the same one next time.  The desktop site will be switching to a system similar to this one in the coming months.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You can read and help translate [[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has fixed many bugs, added new features, and made some small design changes.  They post weekly status reports [[mw:VisualEditor/changelog|on mediawiki.org]]. Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving support for languages like Japanese and Arabic, making it easier to edit on mobile devices, and providing rich-media tools for formulæ, charts, galleries and uploading.   
=== Recent improvements ===
'''Educational features:''' The first time ever you use the visual editor, it now draws your attention to the {{Int:visualeditor-annotationbutton-link-tooltip}} and {{Int:visualeditor-toolbar-cite-label}} tools.  When you click on the tools, it explains why you should use them. ([[Phab:T108620|T108620]]) Alongside this, the welcome message for new users has been simplified to make editing more welcoming. ([[Phab:T112354|T112354]])  More in-software educational features are planned.  

'''Links:'''  It is now easier to understand when you are adding text to a link and when you are typing plain text next to it. ([[Phab:T74108|T74108]], [[Phab:T91285|T91285]])  The editor now fully supports ISBN, PMID or RFC numbers. ([[Phab:T109498|T109498]], [[Phab:T110347|T110347]], [[Phab:T63558|T63558]])  These  [[:en:Help:Magic_links|&quot;magic links&quot;]] use a custom link editing tool.  

'''Uploads:'''  Registered editors can now '''upload images''' and other media to Commons while editing.  Click the new tab in the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-insert}} {{int:visualeditor-dialogbutton-media-tooltip}}&quot; tool.  You will be guided through the process without having to leave your edit.  At the end, the image will be inserted. This tool is limited to one file at a time, owned by the user, and licensed under Commons's standard license.  For more complex situations, the tool links to more advanced upload tools.  You can also drag the image into the editor.  This will be available in the wikitext editor later. 

'''Mobile:'''  Previously, the visual editor was available on the mobile Wikipedia site only on tablets. Now, editors can use it on all devices regardless of size if they wish. ([[Phab:T85630|T85630]])  Edit conflicts were previously broken on the mobile website. Edit conflicts can now be resolved in both wikitext and visual editors. ([[Phab:T111894|T111894]])  Sometimes templates and similar items could not be deleted on the mobile website.  Selecting them caused the on-screen keyboard to hide with some browsers.  Now there is a new &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-contextitemwidget-label-remove}}&quot; button, so that these things can be removed if the keyboard hides. ([[Phab:T62110|T62110]]) You can also edit table cells in mobile now.

'''Rich editing tools:'''  You can now add and edit '''sheet''' '''music''' in the visual editor. ([[Phab:T112925|T112925]])  There are separate tabs for advanced options, such as MIDI and Ogg audio files. ([[Phab:T114227|T114227]], [[Phab:T113354|T113354]])  When editing '''formulæ''' and other blocks, errors are shown as you edit.  It is also possible to edit some types of '''graphs'''; adding new ones, and support for new types, will be coming. 

On the '''English Wikipedia''', the visual editor is now automatically available to anyone who creates an account.  The preference switch was moved to the normal location, under [[Special:Preferences]].
=== Future changes ===
You will soon be able to '''switch from the wikitext to the visual editor''' after you start editing. ([[phab:T49779|T49779]]) Previously, you could only switch from the visual editor to the wikitext editor.  Bi-directional switching will make possible a '''single edit tab.''' ([[phab:T102398|T102398]]) This project will combine the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:visualeditor-ca-editsource}}&quot; tabs into a single &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab, similar to the system already used on the mobile website.  The &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab will open whichever editing environment you used last time.

=== Let's work together ===
* Share your ideas and ask questions at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Feedback|VisualEditor/Feedback]].  This feedback page uses [[mw:Flow|Flow]] for discussions.
* &lt;mark&gt;Can you read and type in Korean or Japanese?&lt;/mark&gt; Language engineer [[mw:User:DChan (WMF)|David Chan]] needs people who know which tools people use to type in some languages. If you speak Japanese or Korean, you can help him test support for these languages. Please see the instructions at [[mw:VisualEditor/IME Testing#What to test|What to test]] if you can help, and report it on Phabricator ([[phab:T110654|Korean]] - [[phab:T109818|Japanese]]) or on Wikipedia ([[:ko:위키백과:시각편집기/IME|Korean]] - [[:ja:Wikipedia:ビジュアルエディター/フィードバック/IME|Japanese]]).  
* Local admins can [[mediawikiwiki:Citoid/Enabling_Citoid_on_your_wiki|set up the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki]].  If you need help, then please post a request in the [[phab:tag/citoid/|Citoid project on Phabricator]]. Include links to the [[:mw:Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for the most important citation templates on your wiki.
* The weekly task triage meetings are open to volunteers.  Learn how to join the meetings and how to nominate bugs at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  You do not need to attend the meeting to nominate a bug for consideration, though.  Instead, go to Phabricator and &quot;associate&quot; the main [[phab:project/profile/483/|VisualEditor project]] with the bug. 

If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt;—[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 18:17, 30 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=14334116 --&gt;

== Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hi everyone! Apologies for posting in English. Translations are very welcome.

The [[:m:Community Tech|Community Tech team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation is focused on building improved curation and moderation tools for experienced Wikimedia contributors. We're now starting a '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]''' to find the most useful projects that we can work on.

For phase 1 of the survey, we're inviting all active contributors to submit brief proposals, explaining the project that you'd like us to work on, and why it's important. Phase 1 will last for 2 weeks. In phase 2, we'll ask you to vote on the proposals. Afterwards, we'll analyze the top 10 proposals and create a prioritized wishlist.

While most of this process will be conducted in English, we're inviting people from any Wikimedia wiki to submit proposals. We'll also invite volunteer translators to help translate proposals into English. 

Your proposal should include: the problem that you want to solve, who would benefit, and a proposed solution, if you have one. You can submit your proposal on the Community Wishlist Survey page, using the entry field and the big blue button. We will be accepting proposals for 2 weeks, ending on November 23.
 
We're looking forward to hearing your ideas!

&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Community Tech Team via [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 21:57, 9 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2015 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Global_distribution&amp;oldid=14554458 --&gt;

== Wikimania 2016 scholarships ambassadors needed ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! [[wm2016:|Wikimania 2016]] scholarships will soon be open; by the end of the week we'll form the committee and we need your help, see [[wm2016:Special:MyLanguage/Scholarship committee|Scholarship committee]] for details.

If you want to carefully review nearly a thousand applications in January, you might be a perfect committee member. Otherwise, you can '''volunteer as &quot;ambassador&quot;''': you will observe all the committee activities, ensure that people from your language or project manage to apply for a scholarship, translate '''scholarship applications written in your language''' to English and so on. Ambassadors are allowed to ask for a scholarship, unlike committee members.

[[wm2016:Scholarship committee|Wikimania 2016 scholarships subteam]] 10:48, 10 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2015 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Nemo bis@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=14347818 --&gt;

== Harassment consultation ==

{{int:Please-translate}}

The Community Advocacy team the Wikimedia Foundation has opened a consultation on the topic of '''harassment''' on [[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Meta]]. The consultation period is intended to run for one month from today, November 16, and end on December 17. Please share your thoughts there on harassment-related issues facing our communities and potential solutions. (Note: this consultation is not intended to evaluate specific cases of harassment, but rather to discuss the problem of harassment itself.)
::*[[m:Harassment consultation 2015|Harassment consultation 2015]]  
:Regards, [[m:Community Advocacy|Community Advocacy, Wikimedia Foundation]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Inspire_Mass_Message&amp;oldid=14684364 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Your input requested on the proposed #FreeBassel banner campaign]] ==

''This is a message regarding the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|proposed 2015 Free Bassel banner]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translations]] are available.''

Hi everyone,

This is to inform all Wikimedia contributors that a [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|straw poll seeking your involvement]] has just been started on Meta-Wiki.

As some of your might be aware, a small group of Wikimedia volunteers have proposed a banner campaign informing Wikipedia readers about the urgent situation of our fellow Wikipedian, open source software developer and Creative Commons activist, [[:w:Bassel Khartabil|Bassel Khartabil]]. An exemplary [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|banner]] and an [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner|explanatory page]] have now been prepared, and translated into about half a dozen languages by volunteer translators.

We are seeking [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|your involvement to decide]] if the global Wikimedia community approves starting a banner campaign asking Wikipedia readers to call on the Syrian government to release Bassel from prison. We understand that a campaign like this would be unprecedented in Wikipedia's history, which is why we're seeking the widest possible consensus among the community.

Given Bassel's urgent situation and the resulting tight schedule, we ask everyone to [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/Banner/Straw poll|get involved with the poll and the discussion]] to the widest possible extent, and to promote it among your communities as soon as possible.

(Apologies for writing in English; please kindly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|translate]] this message into your own language.)

Thank you for your participation!

''Posted by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] 21:47, 25 November 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Free Bassel/MassMessages/2015 Free Bassel banner straw poll|Translate]] • [[:m:Talk:Free Bassel/Banner|Get help]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Varnent@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=14758733 --&gt;

== Community Wishlist Survey ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hi everyone! Apologies for posting this in English. Translations are very welcome.

We're beginning the second part of the Community Tech team's '''[[:m:2015 Community Wishlist Survey/Voting|Community Wishlist Survey]]''', and we're inviting all active contributors to vote on the proposals that have been submitted.

Thanks to you and other Wikimedia contributors, 111 proposals were submitted to the team. We've split the proposals into categories, and now it's time to vote! You can vote for any proposal listed on the pages, using the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Support}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; tag. Feel free to add comments pro or con, but only support votes will be counted. The voting period will be 2 weeks, ending on December 14.

The proposals with the most support votes will be the team's top priority backlog to investigate and address. Thank you for participating, and we're looking forward to hearing what you think!

Community Tech via
&lt;/div&gt; [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 14:38, 1 Oṣù Kejìlá 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/Global_distribution&amp;oldid=14913494 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (December 2015) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|150px|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for, free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] - multidisciplinary periodicals, newspapers, and reference sources - 10 accounts
* [[w:en:Wikipedia:Brill|Brill]] - academic e-books and journals in English, Dutch, and other languages - 25 accounts
* [[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Suomalaisen_Kirjallisuuden_Seura|Finnish Literature Society]] (in Finnish)
* [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:مگ‌ایران|Magiran]] (in Farsi) - scientific journal articles - 100 articles
* [[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:سیویلیکا|Civilica]] (in Farsi) - Iranian journal articles, seminars, and conferences - 50 accounts

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 01:01, 11 December 2015 (UTC)

:''Help us a start Wikipedia Library in your language! Email us at wikipedialibrary@wikimedia.org''&lt;br&gt;
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Matiia@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=14689842 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Get involved in Wikipedia 15!]] ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|Translations]] are available.''

[[File:International-Space-Station wordmark blue.svg|right|200px]]

As many of you know, January 15 is Wikipedia’s 15th Birthday!

People around the world are getting involved in the celebration and have started adding their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|events on Meta Page]]. While we are celebrating Wikipedia's birthday, we hope that all projects and affiliates will be able to utilize this celebration to raise awareness of our community's efforts.

Haven’t started planning? Don’t worry, there’s lots of ways to get involved. Here are some ideas:

* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events|Join/host an event]]'''. We already have more than 80, and hope to have many more.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media|Talk to local press]]'''. In the past 15 years, Wikipedia has accomplished extraordinary things. We’ve made a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/15 years|handy summary]] of milestones and encourage you to add your own. More resources, including a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Media#releases|press release template]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Movement Communications Skills|resources on working with the media]], are also available.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Material|Design a Wikipedia 15 logo]]'''. In place of a single icon for Wikipedia 15, we’re making dozens. Add your own with something fun and representative of your community. Just use the visual guide so they share a common sensibility.
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15/Events/Package#birthdaywish|Share a message on social media]]'''. Tell the world what Wikipedia means to you, and add #wikipedia15 to the post. We might re-tweet or share your message!

Everything is linked on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 15|Wikipedia 15 Meta page]]. You’ll find a set of ten data visualization works that you can show at your events, and a [[c:Category:Wikipedia15 Mark|list of all the Wikipedia 15 logos]] that community members have already designed.

If you have any questions, please contact [[m:User:ZMcCune (WMF)|Zachary McCune]] or [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]].

Thanks and Happy nearly Wikipedia 15!&lt;br /&gt;
-The Wikimedia Foundation Communications team

''Posted by the [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]], 20:59, 18 Oṣù Kejìlá 2015 (UTC) • [[m:Wikipedia 15/MassMessages/Get involved|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikipedia 15|{{int:help}}]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=15158198 --&gt;

== VisualEditor News #6—2015 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:0.5em;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200x70px|center|alt=The visual editor]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

A new, simpler system for editing will offer a single Edit button.  Once the page has opened, you can switch back and forth between visual and wikitext editing.      

[[File:VisualEditor single edit tab preference dialog.png|alt=Screenshot showing a pop-up dialog for switching from the wikitext editor to the visual editor|centre|frameless|230x230px]]&lt;br&gt;

If you prefer having separate edit buttons, then you can set that option in your preferences, either in a pop-up dialog the next time you open the visual editor, or by going to [[Special:Preferences]] and choosing the setting that you want: &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:VisualEditor single edit tab in preferences 2015-12-18.png|alt=Screenshot showing a drop-down menu in Special:Preferences|centre|frameless|230x230px]]

The current plan is for the default setting to have the Edit button open the editing environment you used most recently. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;You can read and help translate [[:mw:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2015/December|Read this in another language]]  •  [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:VisualEditor|visual editor team]] has fixed many bugs and expanded the mathematics formula tool.  Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving support for languages such as Japanese and Arabic, and providing rich-media tools for formulæ, charts, galleries and uploading.   

=== Recent improvements ===
You can '''switch from the wikitext editor to the visual editor''' after you start editing.    
The '''LaTeX mathematics formula editor''' has been significantly expanded. ([[phab:T118616|T118616)]] You can see the formula as you change the LaTeX code.  You can click buttons to insert the correct LaTeX code for many symbols.  
=== Future changes ===
The '''single edit tab''' project will combine the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:visualeditor-ca-editsource}}&quot; tabs into a single &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab, like the system already used on the mobile website.  ([[phab:T102398|T102398]], [[phab:T58337|T58337]])  Initially, the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab will open whichever editing environment you used last time.  Your last editing choice will be stored as a cookie for logged-out users and as an account preference for logged-in editors.  Logged-in editors will be able to set a default editor in the {{int:prefs-editing}} tab of [[Special:Preferences]] in the drop-down menu about &quot;{{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs}}&quot;.   

The visual editor will be offered to all editors at the following Wikipedias in early 2016:  [[w:am:|Amharic]], [[w:bug:|Buginese]], [[w:cdo:|Min Dong]], [[w:cr:|Cree]], [[w:gv:|Manx]], [[w:hak:|Hakka]], [[w:hy:|Armenian]], [[w:ka:|Georgian]], [[w:pnt:|Pontic]], [[w:sh:|Serbo-Croatian]], [[w:ti:|Tigrinya]], [[w:xmf:|Mingrelian]], [[w:za:|Zhuang]], and [[w:zh-min-nan:|Min Nan]]. ([[phab:T116523|T116523]]) Please post your comments and the language(s) that you tested at [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|the feedback thread on mediawiki.org]].  The developers would like to know how well it works.  Please tell them what kind of computer, web browser, and keyboard you are using.  

In 2016, the '''feedback pages''' for the visual editor on many Wikipedias will be redirected to mediawiki.org. ([[phab:T92661|T92661]])

=== Testing opportunities ===
* Please try the new system for the '''single edit tab''' on [https://test2.wikipedia.org test2.wikipedia.org].  You can edit while logged out to see how it works for logged-out editors, or you can create a separate account to be able to set your account's preferences.  &lt;mark&gt;Please share your thoughts about the single edit tab system at [[mediawikiwiki:Topic:Suspcq0bf5nd3gsd|the feedback topic on mediawiki.org]] or [https://jfe.qualtrics.com/form/SV_6R04ammTX8uoJFP sign up for formal user research]&lt;/mark&gt; (type &quot;single edit tab&quot; in the question about other areas you're interested in).  The new system has not been finalized, and your feedback can affect the outcome.  The team particularly wants your thoughts about the options in Special:Preferences. The current choices in Special:Preferences are:
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-remember-last}},
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-ve}}, 
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-prefer-wt}}, and 
** {{int:visualeditor-preference-tabs-multi-tab}}.  (This is the current state for people already using the visual editor.  None of these options will be visible if you have disabled the visual editor in your preferences at that wiki.)  
* &lt;mark&gt;Can you read and type in Korean or Japanese?&lt;/mark&gt; Language engineer [[mw:User:DChan (WMF)|David Chan]] needs people who know which tools people use to type in some languages. If you speak Japanese or Korean, you can help him test support for these languages. Please see the instructions at [[mw:VisualEditor/IME Testing#What to test|What to test]] if you can help, and report it on Phabricator ([[phab:T110654|Korean]] - [[phab:T109818|Japanese]]) or on Wikipedia ([[:ko:위키백과:시각편집기/IME|Korean]] - [[:ja:Wikipedia:ビジュアルエディター/フィードバック/IME|Japanese]]).  
If you aren't reading this in your favorite language, then please help us with translations!  Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new  contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]], 00:06, 25 Oṣù Kejìlá 2015 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=15165847 --&gt;

== Wikimania 2016 Scholarships - Deadline soon! ==

:{{int:Please-translate}}
A reminder - applications for scholarships for Wikimania 2016 in Esino Lario, Italy, are closing soon! Please get your applications in by January 9th.  To apply, visit the page below:
:*[https://wikimania2016.wikimedia.org/wiki/Scholarships Wikimania 2016 Scholarships]
[[User:PEarley (WMF)|Patrick Earley (WMF)]] via [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 01:49, 5 Oṣù Kínní 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:PEarley (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Mass_Message_-_large&amp;oldid=15209973 --&gt;

== 2016 WMF Strategy consultation ==

:{{int:Please-translate}}
Hello, all.

The Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) has launched a consultation to help create and prioritize WMF strategy beginning July 2016 and for the 12 to 24 months thereafter. This consultation will be open, on Meta, from 18 January to 26 February, after which the Foundation will also use these ideas to help inform its Annual Plan. (More on our timeline can be found on that Meta page.)

Your input is welcome (and greatly desired) at the Meta discussion, [[:m:2016 Strategy/Community consultation|2016 Strategy/Community consultation]].

Apologies for English, where this is posted on a non-English project. We thought it was more important to get the consultation translated as much as possible, and good headway has been made there in some languages. There is still much to do, however! We created [[:m:2016 Strategy/Translations]] to try to help coordinate what needs translation and what progress is being made. :)

If you have questions, please reach out to me on my talk page or on the strategy consultation's talk page or by email to mdennis@wikimedia.org.

I hope you'll join us! [[:m:User:Mdennis (WMF)|Maggie Dennis]] via [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 19:06, 18 Oṣù Kínní 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Mdennis (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:PEarley_(WMF)/Mass_Message_-_large&amp;oldid=15253743 --&gt;

== Completion suggestor ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
== Updates to wiki search auto completion are arriving 10 March==

Hello!

{{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

The [[:m:User:CKoerner (WMF)/Work/Completion Suggester beta reminder and coming soon|completion suggester beta feature]] will become the default at the first group of wikis on '''Thursday, 10 March'''. This initial rollout will start with some of the smaller wikis to ensure the change happens in an organized way. The remaining wikis will receive the update on Wednesday, 16 March. This update brings three major improvements to search. Improved search result ordering, a tolerance for a small number of spelling errors, and suggests fewer typos.

Since December 2015, 19,000 editors have already opted into the completion suggester beta feature. Contributors are encouraged to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|try out the feature]] ahead of the release. Please share any comments on the Completion Suggester [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/CompletionSuggester|discussion page]] in any language.

To learn more about the work of the Discovery department and other improvements to search, please check out [[wmfblog:2015/12/23/search-and-discovery-on-wikipedia/|the Wikimedia blog]]. Read about  [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|CirrusSearch]], the MediaWiki extension that makes wiki search possible.&lt;/div&gt; - [[User:CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 22:09, 7 Oṣù Kẹta 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Work/Completion_Suggester_inital_rollout/Target_list&amp;oldid=15420104 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2016) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}''

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for access to research materials from:
* '''[[w:en:WP:Cambridge|Cambridge University Press]]''' - a major publisher of academic journals and e-books in a variety of subject areas. Access includes both Cambridge Journals Online and Cambridge Books. 25 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Alexander Street|Alexander Street ''Academic Video Online'']]''' - a large academic video collection good for a wide range of subjects, including news programs (such as PBS and BBC), music and theatre, lectures and demonstrations, and documentaries. 25 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Baylor|Baylor University Press]]''' - a publisher of academic e-books primarily in religious studies and the humanities. 50 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Future Science Group|Future Science Group]]''' - a publisher of medical, biotechnological and scientific research. 30 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Annual Reviews|Annual Reviews]]''' - a publisher of review articles in the biomedical sciences. 100 accounts.
* '''[[w:en:WP:Miramar|Miramar Ship Index]]''' - an index to ships and their histories since the early 19th century. 30 accounts. 

'''Non-English'''
*'''[[w:fa:ویکی‌پدیا:نورمگز|Noormags]]''' - Farsi-language aggregator of academic and professional journals and magazines. 30 accounts.
*'''[[w:ar:ويكيبيديا:مكتبة ويكيبيديا/كتبنا|Kotobna]]''' - Arabic-language ebook publishing platform. 20 accounts.

'''Expansions'''
*'''[[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]]''' - aggregator of newspapers, magazines and journals. 50 accounts.
*'''[[w:en:WP:Elsevier|Elsevier ScienceDirect]]''' - an academic publishing company that publishes medical and scientific literature. 100 accounts.
Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[w:en:WP:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:De Gruyter|De Gruyter]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]] and [[w:en:WP:BNA|British Newspaper Archive]]. Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 20:30, 17 Oṣù Kẹta 2016 (UTC)


:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sadads@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=15424370 --&gt;

== Open Call for Individual Engagement Grants ==

[[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]]
{{int:Please-translate}}:

Greetings!  The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/IEG|Individual Engagement Grants (IEG) program]] is accepting proposals''' until April 12th to fund new tools, research, outreach efforts, and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.
Whether you need a small or large amount of funds (up to $30,000 USD), IEGs can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help''' with your proposal]] in an upcoming Hangout session
*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|'''Learn from examples''' of completed Individual Engagement Grants]]

With thanks, [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 15:47, 31 Oṣù Kẹta 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=15490024 --&gt;

== Server switch 2016 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its newest data center in Dallas.
This will make sure Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.
To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test.  This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems.

They will switch all traffic to the new data center on '''Tuesday, 19 April'''.&lt;br/&gt;
On '''Thursday, 21 April''', they will switch back to the primary data center.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches.
We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future.

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for approximately 15 to 30 minutes on Tuesday, 19 April and Thursday, 21 April, starting at 14:00 UTC (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT).

If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.
We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.
If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.
Then you should be able to save your edit.
But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped.
Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal.
If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual.
Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be a code freeze for the week of 18 April.
No non-essential code deployments will take place.

This test was originally planned to take place on March 22.
April 19th and 21st are the new dates. 
You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for Q3 FY2015-2016 rollout|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]].
They will post any changes on that schedule.
There will be more notifications about this.
'''Please share this information with your community.''' /[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 21:07, 17 Oṣù Kẹrin 2016 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Server_switch_2016/Delivery_list&amp;oldid=15533827 --&gt;

== Wikipedia to the Moon ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello! Sorry that this is in English only, but we are using village pump messaging in order to reach as many language communities as possible. Wrong page? Please fix it [[:m:Distribution list/Global message delivery|here]].

This is an invitation to all Wikipedians: Wikimedia Deutschland has been given data space to include Wikipedia content in an upcoming mission to the Moon. (No joke!) We have launched a community discussion about how to do that, because we feel that this is for the global community of editors. Please, '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon|join the discussion on Meta-Wiki]]''' (and translate this invitation to your language community)! Best, [[:m:Talk:Wikipedia to the Moon|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 15:35, 21 Oṣù Kẹrin 2016 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Martin Rulsch (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=15542536 --&gt;

== Wikipedia to the Moon: voting has begun ==

Hello, after six weeks of community discussion about [https://moon.wikimedia.org Wikipedia to the Moon], there are now 10 different proposals for content for the mission. Starting today, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia_to_the_Moon/Voting|you can vote for them on Meta-Wiki]], and decide what we will work on: a Wikipedia canon, different lists, the Moon in 300 languages, an astronomy editathon, featured articles, articles about technology, endangered things, or DNA-related topics. You can even vote against community involvement. Voting is open until 24 June. Sorry that this message is again in English only, but we are using village pumps to reach as many communities as possible, so that everyone knows they can vote. Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 15:31, 10 Oṣù Kẹfà 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Martin Rulsch (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=15542536 --&gt;


==Wiki Loves Earth Biosphere Reserves==

Ẹpẹ̀lẹ́ o ẹ̀yin olóòtú Yoruba Wikipedia,

Inú mi dùn lati fi tó yin létí wípé ìdíje Wiki Loves Earth Biosphere Reserves pẹ̀lú àjọṣepò UNESCO ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ lóṣù yí. Fún ẹ̀kun rẹ́rẹ́ àlàyé nípa ìdíje yìí ẹ wo [[:m:WikiProject UNESCO/Wiki Loves Earth Biosphere Reserves|ibí]]. Ẹsé adúpẹ́. [[Oníṣe:Wikicology|Wikicology]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Wikicology|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 17:03, 11 Oṣù Kẹfà 2016 (UTC)

== Compact Links coming soon to this wiki ==

{{int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]]

Hello, I wanted to give a heads up about an upcoming feature for this wiki which you may seen already in the [[:m:Tech/News/2016/25|Tech News]]. [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). This will be enabled as a feature in the soon for all users, which can be turned on or off using a preference setting. We look forward to  your feedback and please do let us know if you have any questions. Details about Compact Language Links can be read in the [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project documentation]].

Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this announcement and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. The main announcement can also be translated on [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links/Announcement_draft_June_2016|this page]]. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]])-13:06, 29 Oṣù Kẹfà 2016 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Runab WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/ULS_Compact_Links/1_July&amp;oldid=15730563 --&gt;

== Compact Language Links enabled in this wiki today ==

{{int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

[[File:Compact-language-links-list.png|thumb|Screenshot of Compact Language Links interlanguage list]]

[[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|Compact Language Links]] has been available as a beta-feature on all Wikimedia wikis since 2014. With compact language links enabled, users are shown a much shorter list of languages on the interlanguage link section of an article (see image). Based on several factors, this shorter list of languages is expected to be more relevant for them and valuable for finding similar content in a language known to them. More information about compact language links can be found in [[:mw:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|the documentation]].

From today onwards, compact language links has been enabled as the default listing of interlanguage links on this wiki. However, using the button at the bottom, you will be able to see a longer list of all the languages the article has been written in. The setting for this compact list can be changed by using the checkbox under ''User Preferences -&gt; Appearance -&gt; Languages''

The compact language links feature has been tested extensively by the Wikimedia Language team, which developed it. However, in case there are any problems or other feedback please let us know on the [[:mw:Talk:Universal_Language_Selector/Compact_Language_Links|project talk page]]. It is to be noted that on some wikis the presence of an existing older gadget that was used for a similar purpose may cause an interference for compact language list. We would like to bring this to the attention of the admins of this wiki. Full details are on [[phab:T131455|this phabricator ticket]] (in English).

Due to the large scale enablement of this feature, we have had to use [[:m:Global_message_delivery|MassMessage]] for this announcement and as a result it is only written in English. We will really appreciate if this message can be translated for other users of this wiki. Thank you. On behalf of the Wikimedia Language team: [[:mw:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Runab_WMF|talk]])-03:05, 1 Oṣù Keje 2016 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Runab WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/ULS_Compact_Links/1_July&amp;oldid=15735887 --&gt;

== Wikipedia to the Moon: invitation to edit ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Three weeks ago, you were invited to vote on how to take Wikipedia articles to the Moon. Community voting is over and the winning idea is to send all ‘’featured articles and lists’’ to the Moon. This decision means that, starting today, Wikipedians from all language communities are warmly invited to intensively work on their best articles and lists, and submit them to Wikipedia to the Moon. The central site to coordinate between communities will be Meta-Wiki. You will find an [[m:Wikipedia to the Moon/Working|overview and more information there]]. Hopefully, we will be able to represent as many languages as possible, to show Wikipedia’s diversity. Please feel kindly invited to edit on behalf of your community and tell us about your work on featured content!

Best, [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia to the Moon/About|Moon team at Wikimedia Deutschland]] 14:10, 1 Oṣù Keje 2016 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Lydia Pintscher (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=15542536 --&gt;

== Editing News #2—2016 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2016/June|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

It's quick and easy to insert a references list.
[[File:VisualEditor References List Insert Menu-en.png|alt=Screenshot showing a dropdown menu with many items|center|frameless|150px]]  

Place the cursor where you want to display the references list (usually at the bottom of the page).  Open the &quot;{{int:visualeditor-toolbar-insert}}&quot; menu and click the &quot;{{int:cite-ve-dialogbutton-referenceslist-tooltip}}&quot; icon (three books).

If you are using several groups of references, which is relatively rare, you will have the opportunity to specify the group. If you do that, then only the references that belong to the specified group will be displayed in this list of references.
Finally, click &quot;{{int:visualeditor-dialog-action-insert}}&quot; in the dialog to insert the {{int:cite-ve-dialogbutton-referenceslist-tooltip}}.  This list will change as you add more footnotes to the page.

You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has fixed many bugs. Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]]. Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are improving support for Arabic and Indic scripts, and adapting the visual editor to the needs of the Wikivoyages and Wikisources.   

=== Recent changes ===
The visual editor is now available to all users at most [[Wikivoyage:|Wikivoyages]].  It was also enabled for all contributors at the French Wikinews.

The '''[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Single edit tab|single edit tab]]''' feature combines the &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; and &quot;{{int:visualeditor-ca-editsource}}&quot; tabs into a single &quot;{{int:vector-view-edit}}&quot; tab.  It has been deployed to several Wikipedias, including Hungarian, Polish, English and Japanese Wikipedias, as well as to all Wikivoyages.  At these wikis, you can change your settings for this feature in the &quot;{{int:prefs-editing}}&quot; tab of [[Special:Preferences]]. The team is now reviewing the feedback and considering ways to improve the design before rolling it out to more people.

=== Future changes ===
The &quot;{{int:Savearticle}}&quot; button will say &quot;{{int:Publishpage}}&quot;.   This will affect both the visual and wikitext editing systems.  More [[M:Editing/Publish|information is available on Meta]].

The visual editor will be offered to all editors at the remaining [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|&quot;Phase 6&quot; Wikipedias]] during the next few months. The developers want to know whether typing in your language feels natural in the visual editor. Please post your comments and the language(s) that you tested at [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|the feedback thread on mediawiki.org]]. This will affect several languages, including: [[:w:ar: |'''Arabic''']], [[:w:hi: |'''Hindi''']], [[:w:th: |'''Thai''']], [[:w:ta: |'''Tamil''']], [[:w:mr: |'''Marathi''']], [[:w:ml: |'''Malayalam''']], [[:w:ur: |'''Urdu''']], [[:w:fa: |'''Persian''']], [[:w:bn: |'''Bengali''']], [[:w:as: |'''Assamese''']], [[:w:arc: |'''Aramaic''']] and others.

The team is working with the volunteer developers who power Wikisource to provide the visual editor there, for opt-in testing right now and eventually for all users. ([[phab:T138966|T138966]]) 

The team is working on a modern wikitext editor.  It will look like the visual editor, and be able to use the citoid service and other modern tools.  This new editing system may become available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices around September 2016.  You can read about this project in a [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Roadmap/Update_2016-06-23|general status update on the Wikimedia mailing list]]. 

=== Let's work together ===
* Do you teach new editors how to use the visual editor? Did you help [[:mw:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|set up the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki]]? Have you written or imported [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for your most important citation templates?  &lt;mark&gt;Would you be willing to help new editors and small communities with the visual editor?  Please sign up for the new [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/Community Taskforce|'''VisualEditor Community Taskforce''']].&lt;/mark&gt;
* Learn how to improve the &quot;automagical&quot; [[:mw:citoid|citoid]] referencing system in the visual editor, by creating [[w:en:Zotero|Zotero]] translators for popular sources in your language!  Watch the [[Mw:Citoid/Zotero's Tech Talk|Tech Talk by Sebastian Karcher]] for more information.
 
If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

&lt;/div&gt; [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]], 17:20, 3 Oṣù Keje 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=15741003 --&gt;

== Open call for Project Grants ==

[[File:IEG barnstar 2.png|right|100px]]
{{int:Please-translate}}:

:Greetings!  The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is accepting proposals''' from July 1st to August 2nd to fund new tools, research, offline outreach (including editathon series, workshops, etc), online organizing (including contests), and other experiments that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers.
:Whether you need a small or large amount of funds, Project Grants can support you and your team’s project development time in addition to project expenses such as materials, travel, and rental space.
:*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project/Apply|'''Submit''' a grant request]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab|'''draft''' your proposal]] in IdeaLab
:*[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IdeaLab/Events#Upcoming_events|'''Get help with your proposal''']] in an upcoming Hangout session
:*'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]]
:Also accepting candidates to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Project/Quarterly/Committee|join the Project Grants Committee through July 15.]]  

:With thanks,  [[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] 15:25, 5 Oṣù Keje 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=15504704 --&gt;

== Save/Publish ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[:mw:Editing|Editing]] team is planning to change the name of the [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Savearticle “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”] button to [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishpage “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishchanges “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”]. “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” will be used when you create a new page. “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” will be used when you change an existing page. The names will be consistent in all editing environments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131132][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033]

This change will probably happen during the week of 30 August 2016. The change will be announced in [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech News]] when it happens.

If you are fluent in a language other than English, please check the status of translations at translatewiki.net for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishpage “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”] and [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Publishchanges “'''&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;'''”].

The main reason for this change is to avoid confusion for new editors. Repeated user research studies with new editors have shown that some new editors believed that [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translations&amp;namespace=8&amp;message=Savearticle “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”] would save a private copy of a new page in their accounts, rather than permanently publishing their changes on the web. It is important for this part of the user interface to be clear, since it is difficult to remove public information after it is published. We believe that the confusion caused by the “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Savearticle}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” button increases the workload for experienced editors, who have to clean up the information that people unintentionally disclose, and report it to the functionaries and stewards to suppress it. Clarifying what the button does will reduce this problem.

Beyond that, the goal is to make all the wikis and languages more consistent, and some wikis made this change many years ago. The [[:m:Legal|Legal team]] at the Wikimedia Foundation supports this change. Making the edit interface easier to understand will make it easier to handle licensing and privacy questions that may arise. 

Any help pages or other basic documentation about how to edit pages will also need to be updated, on-wiki and elsewhere. On wiki pages, you can use the wikitext codes &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to display the new labels in the user's preferred language. For the language settings in [[Special:Preferences|your account preferences]], these wikitext codes produce “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishpage}}&lt;/bdi&gt;” and “&lt;bdi&gt;{{int:Publishchanges}}&lt;/bdi&gt;”.

Please share this news with community members who teach new editors and with others who may be interested.
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 18:03, 9 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=15790914 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library accounts available now (August 2016) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|publisher donation program]]. You can now sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
* '''[[w:de:Wikipedia:Nomos|Nomos]]''' &amp;ndash; Primarily German-language publisher of law and social sciences books and journals - 25 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:World Scientific|World Scientific]]''' &amp;ndash; Scientific, technical, and medical journals - 50 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Edinburgh University Press|Edinburgh University Press]]''' &amp;ndash; Humanities and social sciences journals - 25 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychological Association|American Psychological Association]]''' &amp;ndash; Psychology books and journals - 10 accounts
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Emerald|Emerald]]''' &amp;ndash; Journals on a range of topics including business, education, health care, and engineering - 10 accounts

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:de:WP:DeGruyter|DeGruyter]], [[w:en:WP:Gale|Gale]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. 

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:39, 30 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2016 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language! Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=15804509 --&gt;

== RevisionSlider ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From September 13th on, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page, so that you can easily move between revisions. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work! &lt;/div&gt; [[user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 15:08, 12 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=15903627 --&gt;

== Grants to improve your project ==

''{{int:Please-translate}}:''

Greetings! The [[:m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] is currently accepting proposals for funding. There is just over a week left to submit  before the October 11 deadline.  If you have ideas for software, offline outreach, research, online community organizing, or other projects that enhance the work of Wikimedia volunteers, start your proposal today!  Please encourage others who have great ideas to apply as well.  Support is available if you want help turning your idea into a grant request.
*'''[[:m:Grants:Project/Apply|Submit a grant request]]'''
*'''Get help''': In [[:m:Grants:IdeaLab|IdeaLab]] or an upcoming [[:m:Grants:Project#Upcoming_events|Hangout session]]
*'''Learn from examples''' of completed [[:m:Grants:IEG#ieg-engaging|Individual Engagement Grants]] or [[:m:Grants:PEG/Requests#Grants_funded_by_the_WMF_in_FY_2015.E2.80.9316|Project and Event Grants]]
[[m:User:I JethroBT (WMF)|I JethroBT (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:I JethroBT (WMF)|talk]]) 20:11, 30 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:I JethroBT (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:I_JethroBT_(WMF)/IEG_2015_Targets&amp;oldid=15939807 --&gt;

== Creative Commons 4.0 ==

Hello! I'm writing from the Wikimedia Foundation to invite you to give your feedback on a proposed move from CC BY-SA 3.0 to a CC BY-SA 4.0 license across all Wikimedia projects. The consultation will run from October 5 to November 8, and we hope to receive a wide range of viewpoints and opinions. Please, if you are interested, [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0|take part in the discussion on Meta-Wiki]].

''Apologies that this message is only in English. [[meta:Special:MyLanguage/Terms of use/Creative Commons 4.0/MassMessage|This message can be read and translated in more languages here]].'' [[User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) 01:35, 6 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&amp;oldid=15962252 --&gt;

== Editing News #3—2016 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2016/October|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

Did you know that you can easily re-arrange columns and rows in the visual editor? [[File:VisualEditor table editing menu.png|alt=Screenshot showing a dropdown menu with options for editing the table structure|center|frameless|232x232px]]  


Select a cell in the column or row that you want to move.  Click the arrow at the start of that row or column to open the dropdown menu (shown).  Choose either &quot;Move before&quot; or &quot;Move after&quot; to move the column, or &quot;Move above&quot; or &quot;Move below&quot; to move the row.

You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has mainly worked on a new wikitext editor.  They have also released some small features and the new map editing tool.  Their workboard is available [[phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  You can find links to the list of work finished each week at [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, releasing the 2017 wikitext editor as a [[mediawikiwiki:Beta_Features|beta feature]], and improving language support.

=== Recent changes ===

*You can now set text as small or big.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T53613] 
*Invisible templates have been shown as a puzzle icon.  Now, the name of the invisible template is displayed next to the puzzle icon.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T141861]  A similar feature will display the first part of hidden HTML comments.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T147089]
*Categories are displayed at the bottom of each page.  If you click on the categories, the dialog for editing categories will open.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145267]
*At many wikis, you can now add [[mediawikiwiki:Maps|maps]] to pages.  Go to the Insert menu and choose the &quot;Maps&quot; item. The Discovery department is adding more features to this area, like geoshapes. You can read more at mediawiki.org.[https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Discovery#Maps]
*The &quot;Save&quot; button now says &quot;Save page&quot; when you create a page, and &quot;Save changes&quot; when you change an existing page.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T139033]  In the future, the &quot;{{int:Savearticle}}&quot; button will say &quot;{{int:Publishpage}}&quot;.  This will affect both the visual and wikitext editing systems.  More [[:m:Editing/Publish|information is available on Meta]].
*Image galleries now use a visual mode for editing.  You can see thumbnails of the images, add new files, remove unwanted images, rearrange the images by dragging and dropping, and add captions for each image.  Use the &quot;Options&quot; tab to set the gallery's display mode, image sizes, and add a title for the gallery.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T45037]

=== Future changes ===

The visual editor will be offered to all editors at the remaining 10 [[:mw:VisualEditor/Rollouts|&quot;Phase 6&quot; Wikipedias]] during the next month. The developers want to know whether typing in your language feels natural in the visual editor.  Please post your comments and the language(s) that you tested at [[:mw:Topic:St8y4ni42d0vr9cv|the feedback thread on mediawiki.org]]. This will affect several languages, including [[:w:th:|'''Thai''']], [[:w:my:|'''Burmese''']] and [[:w:arc:|'''Aramaic''']].

The team is working on a modern wikitext editor.  The [[Mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] will look like the visual editor and be able to use the citoid service and other modern tools.  This new editing system may become available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices in October 2016.  You can read about this project in a [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Roadmap/Update_2016-06-23|general status update on the Wikimedia mailing list]]. 

=== Let's work together ===

* Do you teach new editors how to use the visual editor? Did you help [[:mw:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|set up the Citoid automatic reference feature for your wiki]]? Have you written or imported [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] for your most important citation templates?  &lt;mark&gt;Would you be willing to help new editors and small communities with the visual editor?  Please sign up for the new [[:mw:Help:VisualEditor/Community Taskforce|'''VisualEditor Community Taskforce''']].&lt;/mark&gt; 
 
*If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

—[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 17:49, 15 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=15960088 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (November 2016) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[:m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:
*'''''[[:en:WP:Foreign Affairs|Foreign Affairs]]''''' - Journal of international relations and U.S. foreign policy
*'''[[:en:WP:OpenEdition|OpenEdition]]''' - Journals in the social sciences and humanities
*'''[[:en:WP:EDP Sciences|Édition Diffusion Presse Sciences]]''' - French and English language scientific journals
*'''[[:en:WP:ASHA|ASHA]]''' - Speech–language–hearing journals
*'''[[:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian_Lähdekirjasto/Tilastopaja|Tilastopaja]]''' - Athletics statistics

'''Expansions'''
*'''[[:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]]''' - Many new databases added
*'''[[:en:WP:Taylor &amp; Francis|Taylor &amp; Francis]]''' - Strategic, Defence &amp; Security Studies collection
Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]]. Sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[:m:The Wikipedia Library/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:30, 1 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2016 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[:m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=15939318 --&gt;

== Password reset ==

''I apologise that this message is in English. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:Centralnotice-shared-help-translate}}]''

We are having a problem with attackers taking over wiki accounts with privileged user rights (for example, admins, bureaucrats, oversighters, checkusers). It appears that this may be because of weak or reused passwords.

Community members are working along with members of multiple teams at the Wikimedia Foundation to address this issue.

In the meantime, we ask that everyone takes a look at the passwords they have chosen for their wiki accounts. If you know that you've chosen a weak password, or if you've chosen a password that you are using somewhere else, please change those passwords.

Select strong passwords – eight or more characters long, and containing letters, numbers, and punctuation. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) / [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 23:59, 13 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&amp;oldid=16060701 --&gt;

== Adding to the above section (Password reset) ==

Please accept my apologies - that first line should read &quot;[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Security%2FPassword+reset&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Help with translations!]&quot;. [[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:JSutherland (WMF)|talk]]) / [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 00:11, 14 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:JSutherland (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:JSutherland_(WMF)/MassMessage/1&amp;oldid=16060701 --&gt;

== New way to edit wikitext ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

'''Summary''': There's a new opt-in Beta Feature of a [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|wikitext mode for the visual editor]]. Please [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|go try it out]].


We in the Wikimedia Foundation's Editing department are responsible for making editing better for all our editors, new and experienced alike. We've been slowly improving [[:mw:VisualEditor|the visual editor]] based on feedback, user tests, and feature requests. However, that doesn't work for all our user needs: whether you need to edit a wikitext talk page, create a template, or fix some broken reference syntax, sometimes you need to use wikitext, and many experienced editors prefer it.

Consequently, we've planned a &quot;wikitext mode&quot; for the visual editor for a long time. It provides as much of the visual editor's features as possible, for those times that you need or want wikitext. It has the same user interface as the visual editor, including the same toolbar across the top with the same buttons. It provides access to the [[:mw:citoid|citoid service]] for formatting citations, integrated search options for inserting images, and the ability to add new templates in a simple dialog. Like in the visual editor, if you paste in formatted text copied from another page, then formatting (such as bolding) will automatically be converted into wikitext.

All wikis now have access to this mode as a [[:mw:Beta Features|Beta Feature]]. When enabled, it replaces your existing [[:mw:Editor|wikitext editor]] everywhere. If you don't like it, you can reverse this at any time by turning off the Beta Feature in your preferences. We don't want to surprise anyone, so it's strictly an ''opt-in-only'' Beta Feature. It won't switch on automatically for anyone, even if you have previously checked the box to &quot;{{Int:Betafeatures-auto-enroll}}&quot;.

The new wikitext edit mode is based on the visual editor, so it requires JavaScript (as does the [[:mw:Extension:WikiEditor|current wikitext editor]]). It doesn't work with gadgets that have only been designed for the older one (and ''vice versa''), so some users will miss gadgets they find important. We're happy to [[:mw:VisualEditor/Gadgets|work with gadget authors to help them update their code to work]] with both editors. We're not planning to get rid of the current main wikitext editor on desktop in the foreseeable future. We're also not going to remove the existing ability to edit plain wikitext without JavaScript. Finally, though it should go without saying, if you prefer to continue using the current wikitext editor, then you may so do.

This is an early version, and we'd love to know what you think so we can make it better. Please leave feedback about the new mode [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor/Feedback|on the feedback page]].  You may write comments in any language.  Thank you.

&lt;/div&gt; [[:mw:User:Jdforrester (WMF)|James Forrester]] (Product Manager, Editing department, Wikimedia Foundation) --19:32, 14 Oṣù Kejìlá 2016 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=15942009 --&gt;

== Review of initial updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''

The Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. For 15 years, Wikimedians have worked together to build the largest free knowledge resource in human history. During this time, we've grown from a small group of editors to a diverse network of editors, developers, affiliates, readers, donors, and partners. Today, we are more than a group of websites. We are a movement rooted in values and a powerful vision: all knowledge for all people. As a movement, we have an opportunity to decide where we go from here. 

This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve. We hope to design an inclusive process that makes space for everyone: editors, community leaders, affiliates, developers, readers, donors, technology platforms, institutional partners, and people we have yet to reach. There will be multiple ways to participate including on-wiki, in private spaces, and in-person meetings. You are warmly invited to join and make your voice heard.

The immediate goal is to have a strategic direction by Wikimania 2017 to help frame a discussion on how we work together toward that strategic direction.

Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Beginning with this message, monthly reviews of these updates will be sent to this page as well. [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page.

Here is a review of the updates that have been sent so far:

* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/15 December 2016 - Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 1 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (15 December 2016)
** Introduction to process and information about budget spending resolution to support it
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/23 December 2016 - Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 2 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (23 December 2016)
** Start of search for Lead Architect for movement strategy process
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/8 January 2017 - Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 3 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (8 January 2017)
** Plans for strategy sessions at upcoming Wikimedia Conference 2017
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/11 January 2017 - Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 4 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (11 January 2017)
** Introduction of williamsworks 
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 February 2017 - Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 5 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 February 2017)
** The core movement strategy team, team tracks being developed, introduction of the Community Process Steering Committee, discussions at WikiIndaba conference 2017 and the Wikimedia movement affiliates executive directors gathering in Switzerland
* [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/10 February 2017 - Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 6 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (10 February 2017)
** Tracks A &amp; B process prototypes and providing feedback, updates on development of all four Tracks

More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]].

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 20:30, 15 Oṣù Kejì 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Initial announcements review|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16297862 --&gt;

== Overview #2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''

As we mentioned last month, the Wikimedia movement is beginning a movement-wide strategy discussion, a process which will run throughout 2017. This movement strategy discussion will focus on the future of our movement: where we want to go together, and what we want to achieve.

Regular updates are being sent to the [[mail:Wikimedia-l|Wikimedia-l mailing list]], and posted [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates|on Meta-Wiki]]. Each month, we are sending overviews of these updates to this page as well. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Signup|Sign up]] to receive future announcements and monthly highlights of strategy updates on your user talk page.

Here is a overview of the updates that have been sent since our message last month:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/16 February 2017 - Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 7 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (16 February 2017)
** Development of documentation for Tracks A &amp; B
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/24 February 2017 - Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 8 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (24 February 2017)
** Introduction of Track Leads for all four audience tracks
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/2 March 2017 - Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process|Update 9 on Wikimedia movement strategy process]] (2 March 2017)
** Seeking feedback on documents being used to help facilitate upcoming community discussions

More information about the movement strategy is available on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017|Meta-Wiki 2017 Wikimedia movement strategy portal]].

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]], 19:43, 9 Oṣù Kẹta 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Overview 2 of updates on Wikimedia movement strategy process|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16350625 --&gt;

== We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15) ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
: ''This message, &quot;[[mailarchive:wikimediaannounce-l/2017-March/001383.html|We invite you to join the movement strategy conversation (now through April 15)]]&quot;, was sent through multiple channels by  [[m:User:GVarnum-WMF|Gregory Varnum]] on 15 and 16 of March 2017 to village pumps, affiliate talk pages, movement mailing lists, and MassMessage groups. A similar message was sent by [[m:User:Nicole_Ebber_(WMDE)|Nicole Ebber]] to organized groups and their mailing lists on 15 of March 2017. This version of the message is available for translation and documentation purposes'' 

Dear Wikimedians/Wikipedians:

Today we are starting a broad discussion to define Wikimedia's future role in the world and develop a collaborative strategy to fulfill that role. You are warmly invited to join the conversation.

There are many ways to participate, by joining an existing conversation or starting your own: 

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Track_A|Track A (organized groups)]]: Discussions with your affiliate, committee or other organized group (these are groups that support the Wikimedia movement). 

Track B (individual contributors): [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Cycle_1|On Meta]] or your [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Participate|local language or project wiki]].

This is the first of three conversations, and it will run between now and April 15. The purpose of cycle 1 is to discuss the future of the movement and generate major themes around potential directions. What do we want to build or achieve together over the next 15 years?

We welcome you, as we create this conversation together, and look forward to broad and diverse participation from all parts of our movement.

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017|Find out more about the movement strategy process]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Toolkit/Discussion_Coordinator_Role|Learn more about volunteering to be a Discussion Coordinator]]

Sincerely,

Nicole Ebber (Track A Lead), Jaime Anstee (Track B Lead), &amp; the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/People|engagement support teams]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 05:09, 18 Oṣù Kẹta 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16453957 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections]] ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Please accept our apologies for cross-posting this message. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|This message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]].''
[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|right|150px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017]]

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, I am pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2017/Board_of_Trustees/Call_for_candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Elections]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Board of Trustees]] (Board) is the decision-making body that is ultimately responsible for the long-term sustainability of the Wikimedia Foundation, so we value wide input into its selection. More information about this role can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|on Meta-Wiki]]. Please read the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Call for candidates|letter from the Board of Trustees calling for candidates]].

'''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last from April 7 (00:00 UTC) to April 20 (23:59 UTC).'''

'''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates from April 7 to April 20. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].'''

Once the questions submission period has ended on April 20, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to beginning on April 21.

The goal of this process is to fill the '''three community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. The election results will be used by the Board itself to select its new members.

The full schedule for the Board elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last. 

* April 7 (00:00 UTC) – April 20 (23:59 UTC) – '''Board nominations''' 
* April 7 – April 20 – '''Board candidates questions submission period'''
* April 21 – April 30 – '''Board candidates answer questions'''
* May 1 – May 14 – '''Board voting period'''
* May 15–19 – '''Board vote checking'''
* May 20 – '''Board result announcement goal'''

In addition to the Board elections, we will also soon be holding elections for the following roles:

* '''Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC)'''
** There are five positions being filled. More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|on Meta-Wiki]].

* '''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson (Ombuds)'''
** One position is being filled.  More information about this election will be available [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|on Meta-Wiki]].

Please note that this year the Board of Trustees elections will be held before the FDC and Ombuds elections. Candidates who are not elected to the Board are explicitly permitted and encouraged to submit themselves as candidates to the FDC or Ombuds positions after the results of the Board elections are announced. 

More information on this year's elections can be found [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|on Meta-Wiki]]. Any questions related to the election can be posted on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|election talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, &lt;tt dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5&quot;&gt;board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org&lt;/tt&gt;.

On behalf of the Election Committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]], 03:37, 7 Oṣù Kẹrin 2017 (UTC) • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16441214 --&gt;

== Read-only mode for 20 to 30 minutes on 19 April and 3 May ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2017|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data center in Dallas.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.  To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to conduct a planned test.  This test will show whether they can reliably switch from one data center to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 19 April 2017'''.
On '''Wednesday, 3 May 2017''', they will switch back to the primary data center.  

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop during those two switches.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for approximately 20 to 30 minutes on Wednesday, 19 April and Wednesday, 3 May. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170419T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 20 April and Thursday 4 May). 
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the weeks of 17 April 2017 and 1 May 2017.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2017 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' /&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 17:34, 11 Oṣù Kẹrin 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16545942 --&gt;

== Wikidata description editing in the Wikipedia Android app ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|Wikidata description editing]] is a new experiment being rolled out on the Wikipedia app for Android.  While this primarily impacts Wikidata, the changes are also addressing a concern about the mobile versions of Wikipedia, so that mobile users will be able to edit directly the descriptions shown under the title of the page and in the search results.

We began by rolling out this feature several weeks ago  to a pilot group of Wikipedias (Russian, Hebrew, and Catalan), and have seen very positive [[:mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions/Research|results]] including numerous quality contributions in the form of new and updated descriptions, and a low rate of vandalism.

We are now ready for the next phase of rolling out this feature, which is to enable it in a few days for all Wikipedias except the top ten by usage within the app (i.e. except English, German, Italian, French, Spanish, Japanese, Dutch, Portuguese, Turkish, and Chinese). We will enable the feature for those languages instead at some point in the future, as we closely monitor user engagement with our expanded set of pilot communities.
As always, if have any concerns, please reach out to us on wiki at [[:mw:Talk:Wikimedia_Apps/Short_descriptions|the talk page for this project]] or by email at reading@wikimedia.org. Thanks!

-[[:mw:User:DBrant (WMF)|DBrant (WMF)]] 08:41, 14 Oṣù Kẹrin 2017 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Wikidata_editing&amp;oldid=16580284 --&gt;

== New Page previews feature ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
New Page previews feature

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:CKoerner (WMF)/Enable Hovercards/Phase 1|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

Hello,

The Reading web team at the Wikimedia Foundation has been working to enable [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards|Page previews]], [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|a beta feature]] known previously as Hovercards, as opt-in behavior for logged-in users and the default behavior for logged-out users across Wikipedia projects. Page previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. For this project, we are expecting to collect feedback over the following few weeks and tentatively enable the feature in early May, 2017.

A quick note on the implementation:

* For logged-in users who are not currently testing out the beta feature, Page previews will be off by default. Users may turn them on from [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|their user preferences]] page.
* For logged-out users, the feature will be on by default. Users may disable it at any time by selecting the setting cog available in each preview.
* For users of the Navigation popups gadget, you will not be able to turn on the Page previews feature while using navigational popups. If you would like to try out the Page preview feature, make sure to first turn Navigation popups off prior to turning Page previews on. 

You can read more about [[mw:Beta_Features/Hovercards|the feature]] and [[mw:Beta Features/Hovercards#Success Metrics and Feature Evaluation|the tests we used to evaluate performance]], try it out by enabling it from the beta features page, and leave feedback or questions [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]]. 

Thank you, [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 16:52, 19 Oṣù Kẹrin 2017 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Enable_Hovercards/Phase_1/Distribution_list&amp;oldid=16616381 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2017) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials from:

* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:American Psychiatric Association|American Psychiatric Association]]''' – Psychiatry books and journals
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Bloomsbury|Bloomsbury]]''' – ''Who's Who'', Drama Online, Berg Fashion Library, and ''Whitaker's''
* '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Gaudeamus|Gaudeamus]]''' – Finnish humanities and social sciences
* '''[[w:fi:Wikipedia:Wikipedian Lähdekirjasto/Ympäristö-lehti|Ympäristö-lehti]]''' – The Finnish Environment Institute's ''Ympäristö-lehti'' magazine

'''Expansions'''
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Gale|Gale]]''' – Biography In Context database added
* '''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Adam Matthew|Adam Matthew]]''' – all 53 databases now available

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [[m:The Wikipedia Library/Databases|our partners page]], including [[w:en:WP:Project MUSE|Project MUSE]], [[w:en:WP:EBSCO|EBSCO]], [[w:en:WP:Taylor &amp; Francis|Taylor &amp; Francis]] and [[w:en:WP:Newspaperarchive.com|Newspaperarchive.com]]. 

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:52, 2 Oṣù Kàrún 2017 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:AVasanth_(WMF)|Aaron]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=16557812 --&gt;

== [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun in 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun]]''This is a message from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translations]] are available.''

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&amp;uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Voting has begun] for [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017#Requirements|eligible voters]] in the 2017 elections for the ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]]''.

The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] is the ultimate governing authority of the Wikimedia Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization registered in the United States. The Wikimedia Foundation manages many diverse projects such as Wikipedia and Commons.

The voting phase lasts from 00:00 UTC May 1 to 23:59 UTC May 14. '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:SecurePoll/vote/341?setlang={{CONTENTLANG}}&amp;uselang={{CONTENTLANG}} Click here to vote].''' More information on the candidates and the elections can be found on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Board of Trustees|2017 Board of Trustees election page]] on Meta-Wiki. 

On behalf of the Elections Committee,&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br/&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Board voting has begun|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]&lt;/div&gt; 19:15, 3 Oṣù Kàrún 2017 (UTC)''
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16683836 --&gt;

== Beta Feature Two Column Edit Conflict View ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From May 9, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two_Column_Edit_Conflict_View|Two Column Edit Conflict View]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] on all wikis. The Two Column Edit Conflict View is a new interface for the edit conflict resolution page. It highlights differences between the editor's and the conflicting changes to make it easy to copy and paste pieces of the text and resolve the conflict. The feature fulfils a request for a more user-friendly edit conflict resolution from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well! &lt;/div&gt; [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:41, 8 Oṣù Kàrún 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=16712264 --&gt;

== Editing News #1—2017 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2017/May|Read this in another language]] • [[:m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:230px;{{#switch:ltr|rtl=float:left;margin-left:0;|#default=float:right;margin-right:0;}}margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center|alt=VisualEditor]]'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;   

Did you know that you can review your changes visually? 

[[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - visual diff.png|alt=Screenshot showing some changes to an article.  Most changes are highlighted with text formatting.|center|frameless|245x245px]]When you are finished editing the page, type your edit summary and then choose &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-savedialog-label-review}}&quot;.  
In visual mode, you will see additions, removals, new links, and formatting highlighted.  Other changes, such as changing the size of an image, are described in notes on the side.


[[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - toggle button.png|alt=Toggle button showing visual and wikitext options; visual option is selected.|center|frameless|220x220px]]


Click the toggle button to switch between visual and wikitext diffs.


[[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - wikitext diff.png|alt=Screenshot showing the same changes, in the two-column wikitext diff display.|center|frameless|245x245px]]


The wikitext diff is the same diff tool that is used in the wikitext editors and in the page history. You can read and help translate [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;


Since the last newsletter, the [[:mw:VisualEditor|VisualEditor Team]] has spent most of their time supporting [[:mediawikiwiki:2017_wikitext_editor|the 2017 wikitext editor mode]] which is available inside the visual editor as a Beta Feature, and adding [[:mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Diffs|the new visual diff tool]]. Their workboard is available [[:phab:project/board/483/|in Phabricator]].  You can find links to the work finished each week at  [[:mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings|mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].   Their [[:mw:VisualEditor/Current_priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, supporting the 2017 wikitext editor as a [[:mw:Beta Features|beta feature]], and improving the visual diff tool.   

=== Recent changes ===
*A '''new wikitext editing mode''' is available as a Beta Feature on desktop devices.  The [[:mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] has the same toolbar as the visual editor and can use the citoid service and other modern tools.  Go to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures]] to enable the {{Int:Visualeditor-preference-newwikitexteditor-label}}. 
* A new '''[[:mediawikiwiki:VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]]''' is available in VisualEditor's visual mode.  You can toggle between wikitext and visual diffs.  More features will be added to this later.  In the future, this tool may be integrated into other MediaWiki components. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T143350]
* The team have added [[:mediawikiwiki:Editing/Projects/Columns_for_references|multi-column support for lists of footnotes]]. The &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; block can automatically display long lists of references in columns on wide screens.  This makes footnotes easier to read.  You can [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Cite,VisualEditor,Wikimedia-Site-requests&amp;title=Convert%20reference%20lists%20over%20to%20`responsive`%20on%20XXwiki&amp;priority=10&amp;parent=159895 '''request multi-column support'''] for your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33597]
* You can now use your web browser's function to switch typing direction in the new wikitext mode. This is particularly helpful for RTL language users like Urdu or Hebrew who have to write JavaScript or CSS. You can use Command+Shift+X or Control+Shift+X to trigger this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153356]
* The way to switch between the visual editing mode and the wikitext editing mode is now consistent. There is a drop-down menu that shows the two options. This is now the same in desktop and mobile web editing, and inside things that embed editing, such as Flow. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T116417]
* The {{Int:visualeditor-categories-tool}} item has been moved to the top of the {{Int:visualeditor-pagemenu-tooltip}} menu (from clicking on the &quot;hamburger&quot; icon) for quicker access. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T74399] There is also now a &quot;Templates used on this page&quot; feature there. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T149009]
* You can now create &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;chem&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;  tags (sometimes used as &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ce&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) for chemical formulas inside the visual editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T153365]
* Tables can be set as collapsed or un-collapsed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T157989]
* The {{Int:visualeditor-specialcharacter-button-tooltip}} menu now includes characters for Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics and angle quotation marks (‹› and ⟨⟩) .  The team thanks the volunteer developer, [[:S:en:User:Tpt|Tpt]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T108626]
* A bug caused some section edit conflicts to blank the rest of the page.  This has been fixed.  The team are sorry for the disruption. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T154217]
* There is a new keyboard shortcut for citations:  &lt;code&gt;Control&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;Shift&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; on a PC, or &lt;code&gt;Command&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;Shift&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; on a Mac.  It is based on the keyboard shortcut for making links, which is &lt;code&gt;Control&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Command&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;K&lt;/code&gt; respectively. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T99299]

=== Future changes ===
* The team is working on a syntax highlighting tool.  It will highlight matching pairs of &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags and other types of wikitext syntax.  You will be able to turn it on and off.  It will first become available in VisualEditor's built-in wikitext mode, maybe late in 2017. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T101246]
* The kind of button used to {{Int:Showpreview}}, {{Int:showdiff}}, and finish an edit will change in all WMF-supported wikitext editors.  The new buttons will use [[Mw:OOjs UI|OOjs UI]].  The buttons will be larger, brighter, and easier to read.  The labels will remain the same.  You can test the new button by editing a page and adding &lt;code&gt;&amp;ooui=1&lt;/code&gt; to the end of the URL, like this:  https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=edit&amp;ooui=1  The old appearance will no longer be possible, even with local CSS changes.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T162849]
* The [[:mediawikiwiki:File:Edit_toolbar_-_2.png|outdated 2006 wikitext editor]] will be removed later this year.  It is used by approximately 0.03% of active editors.  See [[:mw:Editor|a list of editing tools on mediawiki.org]] if you are uncertain which one you use.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T30856]
*If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly, so that we can notify you when the next issue is ready. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

—[[:mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 18:06, 12 Oṣù Kàrún 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=16160401 --&gt;

== Prototype for editing Wikidata infoboxes on Wikipedia ==

Hello,

I’m sorry for writing in English. It’d be great if someone could translate this message if necessary.

One of the most requested features for Wikidata is to enable editing of Wikidata’s data directly from Wikipedia, so the editors can continue their workflow without switching websites.

The Wikidata development team has been working on a tool to achieve this goal: '''fill and edit the Wikipedia infoboxes with information from Wikidata, directly on Wikipedia''', via the Visual Editor. 

We already [[d:Wikidata:Client editing input|asked for feedback in 2015]], and collected some interesting ideas which we [[:File:Facilitating_the_use_of_Wikidata_in_Wikimedia_projects_with_a_user-centered_design_approach.pdf|shared with you in this thesis]]. Now we would like to present to you our first prototype and collect your feedback, in order to improve and continue the development of this feature.

We present this work to you very early, so we can include your feedback before and all along the development. You are the core users of this feature, so we want to make sure that it fits your needs and editing processes.

You will find the prototype, description of the features, and a demo video, '''[[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Client editing prototype|on this page]]'''. Feel free to add any comment or feedback on the talk page. The page is currently not translated in every languages, but you can add your contribution by helping to translate it.

Unfortunately, I won’t be able to follow all the discussions on Wikipedia, so if you want to be sure that your feedback is read, please add it on the Wikidata page, in your favorite language. Thanks for your understanding.

Thanks, [[user:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/List_Wikipedias&amp;oldid=16766491 --&gt;

== RevisionSlider ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] will be available as a default feature for all users on all wikis from May 17. The RevisionSlider adds a slider view to the diff page so that you can easily move between revisions. The slider view is collapsed by default, and will load by clicking on it. It can also be turned off entirely in the user preferences. RevisionSlider has been a default feature on German, Arabic and Hebrew Wikipedia for 6 months and a beta feature on all wikis for 8 months. The feature fulfills a wish from the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishlist]]. Thanks to everyone who tested RevisionSlider and gave valuable feedback to improve the feature! We hope that RevisionSlider will continue to serve you well in your work. &lt;/div&gt; [[m:user:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:44, 16 Oṣù Kàrún 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=16715712 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|Join the next cycle of Wikimedia movement strategy discussions (underway until June 12)]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|Message is available for translation on Meta-Wiki]]''
[[File:Wikimedia-logo.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|150px]]
The Wikimedia movement strategy core team and working groups have completed reviewing the more than 1800 thematic statements we received from the first discussion. They have identified [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2|5 themes that were consistent across all the conversations]] - each with their own set of sub-themes. These are not the final themes, just an initial working draft of the core concepts.

You are invited to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|join the online and offline discussions taking place]] on these 5 themes. This round of discussions will take place between now and June 12th. You can discuss as many as you like; we ask you to participate in the ones that are most (or least) important to you.

Here are the five themes, each has a page on Meta-Wiki with more information about the theme and how to participate in that theme's discussion:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Healthy, Inclusive Communities|Healthy, Inclusive Communities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Augmented Age|The Augmented Age]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/A Truly Global Movement|A Truly Global Movement]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/The Most Respected Source of Knowledge|The Most Respected Source of Knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Cycle 2/Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem|Engaging in the Knowledge Ecosystem]]

On the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Participate|movement strategy portal on Meta-Wiki]], you can find more information about each of these themes, their discussions, and how to participate.

''Posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] on behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates/Cycle 2 discussions launch|{{int:please-translate}}]] • [[m:Talk:Strategy/Wikimedia movement/2017/Updates|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt; 21:08, 16 Oṣù Kàrún 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strategy/Wikimedia_movement/2017/Updates/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16773425 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikimedia-logo black.svg|{{#switch:{{CONTENTLANG}}|ar=left|he=left|right}}|125px|link=m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections]]
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translations of this message are available on Meta-Wiki]].''

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee, we are pleased to announce that self-nominations are being accepted for the [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson]] elections. Please read the letter from the Wikimedia Foundation calling for candidates at [[m:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Call for candidates|on the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee''&lt;br /&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee (FDC) makes recommendations about how to allocate Wikimedia movement funds to eligible entities.  There are five positions being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee|the FDC elections page]].

''Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson''&lt;br /&gt;
The Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson receives complaints and feedback about the FDC process, investigates complaints at the request of the Board of Trustees,  and summarizes the investigations and feedback for the Board of Trustees on an annual basis. One position is being filled. More information about this role can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee Ombudsperson|the FDC Ombudsperson elections page]]. 

'''The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Candidates|candidacy submission phase]] will last until May 28 (23:59 UTC).'''

'''We will also be accepting questions to ask the candidates until May 28. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Funds Dissemination Committee/Questions|You can submit your questions on Meta-Wiki]].''' Once the questions submission period has ended on May 28, the Elections Committee will then collate the questions for the candidates to respond to.

The goal of this process is to fill the '''five community-selected seats''' on the Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee and the '''community-selected ombudsperson'''. The election results will be used by the Board itself to make the appointments.

The full schedule for the FDC elections is as follows. All dates are '''inclusive''', that is, from the beginning of the first day (UTC) to the end of the last.

* May 15 (00:00 UTC) – May 28 (23:59 UTC) – '''Nominations'''
* May 15 – May 28 – '''Candidates questions submission period'''
* May 29 – June 2 – '''Candidates answer questions'''
* June 3 – June 11 – '''Voting period'''
* June 12–14 – '''Vote checking'''
* June 15 – '''Goal date for announcing election results'''

More information on this year's elections can be found at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation elections portal]].

Please feel free to post a note about the election on your project's village pump. Any questions related to the election can be posted on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|the talk page on Meta-Wiki]], or sent to the election committee's mailing list, &lt;tt dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5&quot;&gt;board-elections[[File:At sign.svg|15x15px|middle|link=|alt=(at)]]wikimedia.org&lt;/tt&gt;.

On behalf of the Election Committee,&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:KTC|Katie Chan]], Chair, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Wikimedia Foundation Elections Committee]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:JSutherland (WMF)|Joe Sutherland]], Community Advocate, Wikimedia Foundation

''Posted by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017/Updates/Start of the 2017 Wikimedia Foundation Funds Dissemination Committee elections|Translate]] • [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2017|Get help]]''&lt;/div&gt; 21:06, 23 Oṣù Kàrún 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:GVarnum-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=16804695 --&gt;

== Accessible editing buttons ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;The MediaWiki developers have been slowly improving the accessibility of the user interface.  The next step in this transition will change the appearance of some buttons and may break some outdated (non-updated or unmaintained) user scripts and gadgets.

You can see and use the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&amp;ooui=0 old] and [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Sandbox?action=submit&amp;ooui=1 new] versions now.  Most editors will only notice that some buttons are slightly larger and have different colors.

&lt;gallery mode=&quot;nolines&quot; caption=&quot;Comparison of old and new styles&quot; heights=&quot;240&quot; widths=&quot;572&quot;&gt;
File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, before.png|Buttons before the change
File:MediaWiki edit page buttons accessibility change 2017, after.png|Buttons after the change
&lt;/gallery&gt;

However, this change also affects some user scripts and gadgets.  Unfortunately, some of them may not work well in the new system.  &lt;mark&gt;If you maintain any user scripts or gadgets that are used for editing, please see '''[[:mw:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]]''' for information on how to test and fix your scripts.  Outdated scripts can be tested and fixed now.&lt;/mark&gt;

This change will probably reach this wiki on '''Tuesday, 18 July 2017'''.  Please leave a note at [[:mw:Talk:Contributors/Projects/Accessible editing buttons]] if you need help.&lt;/div&gt; [[:m:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 22:23, 10 Oṣù Keje 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=16980876 --&gt;

== Page Previews (Hovercards) update ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello,

A quick update on the progress of enabling [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]] (previously named Hovercards) on this project. Page Previews provide a preview of any linked article, giving readers a quick understanding of a related article without leaving the current page. As mentioned in December we're preparing to remove the feature from Beta and make it the default behavior for logged-out users. We have recently made a large update to the code which fixes most outstanding bugs. 

Due to some issues with our instrumentation, we delayed our deployment by a few months.  We are finally ready to deploy the feature.  Page Previews will be off by default and available in the user preferences page for logged-in users the week of July 24th. The feature will be on by default for current beta users and logged-out users. If you would like to preview the feature, you can enable it as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]]. For more information see [[mw:Hovercards|Page Previews]]. Questions can be left [[mw:Talk:Beta_Features/Hovercards|on the talk page]] in your preferred language. 

Thank you again.
&lt;/div&gt;[[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 22:32, 20 Oṣù Keje 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Enable_Hovercards/Reminder/Distribution_list&amp;oldid=17019707 --&gt;

== RfC regarding &quot;Interlinking of accounts involved with paid editing to decrease impersonation&quot; ==

There is currently a RfC open on Meta regarding &quot;[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation requiring those involved with paid editing on Wikipedia to link on their user page to all other active accounts through which they advertise paid Wikipedia editing business.]&quot; 

Note this is to apply to Wikipedia and not necessarily other sister projects, this is only to apply to websites where people are specifically advertising that they will edit Wikipedia for pay and not any other personal, professional, or social media accounts a person may have.

[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_comment/Interlinking_of_accounts_involved_with_paid_editing_to_decrease_impersonation Please comment on meta]. Thanks. Send on behalf of [[User:Doc James]].

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 21:06, 17 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedias&amp;oldid=17234819 --&gt;

== Discussion on synced reading lists ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Discussion on synced reading lists'''

Hello,

[[File:Illustration of Reading List feature on Android Wikipedia App (not logged in).png|thumb]] The Reading Infrastructure team at the Wikimedia Foundation is developing a cross-platform reading list service for the mobile Wikipedia app. Reading lists are like bookmark folders in your web browser. They allow readers using the Wikipedia app to bookmark pages into folders to read later. This includes reading offline. Reading lists do not create or alter content in any way.  

To create Reading Lists, app users will register an account and marked pages will be tied to that account. Reading List account preferences sync between devices. You can read the same pages on different mobile platforms (tablets, phones).  This is the first time we are syncing preference data between devices in such a way. We want to hear and address concerns about privacy and data security. We also want to explain why the current watchlist system is not being adapted for this purpose. 
=== Background ===
In 2016 the Android team replaced the simple Saved Pages feature with Reading Lists. Reading Lists allow users to bookmark pages into folders and for reading offline. The intent of this feature was to allow &quot;syncing&quot; of these lists for users with many devices. Due to overlap with the Gather feature and related community concerns, this part was put on hold. 

The Android team has identified this lack of synching as a major area of complaint from users. They expect lists to sync. The iOS team has held off implementing Reading Lists, as syncing was seen as a &quot;must have&quot; for this feature. A recent [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T164990 technical RfC] has allowed these user stories and needs to be unblocked. Initially for Android, then iOS, and with web to potentially follow.

Reading lists are private, stored as part of a user's account, not as a public wiki page. There is no sharing or publishing ability for reading lists. No planned work to make these public. The target audience are people that read Wikipedia and want to bookmark and organize that content in the app. There is a potential for the feature to be available on the web in the future.

=== Why not watchlists ===

Watchlists offer similar functionality to Reading Lists. The Reading Infrastructure team evaluated watchlist infrastructure before exploring other options. In general, the needs of watchlists differ from Reading Lists in a few key ways:
* Reading lists focus on Reading articles, not the monitoring of changes.
* Watchlists are focused on monitoring changes of pages/revisions. 
** The Watchlist infrastructure is key to our contributor community for monitoring content changes manually and through the use of automated tools (bots). Because of these needs, expanding the scope of Watchlists to reading purposes will only make the project harder to maintain and add more constraints.
* By keeping the projects separate it is easier to scale resources. We can serve these two different audiences and prioritize the work accordingly. Reading Lists are, by their nature, less critical to the health of Wikipedia/MediaWiki.
* Multi-project support. Reading Lists are by design cross-wiki/project. Watchlists are tied to specific wikis. While there have been many discussion for making them cross-wiki, resolution is not in the near term.
[[mw:Wikimedia Apps/Synced Reading Lists|More information can be found on MediaWiki.org]] where feedback and ideas are welcome. 

Thank you
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 20:35, 20 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=16981815 --&gt;

== New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''New print to pdf feature for mobile web readers'''

The Readers web team will be deploying a new feature this week to make it [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|easier to download PDF versions of articles on the mobile website]].

Providing better offline functionality was one of the highlighted areas from [[m:New_Readers/Offline|the research done by the New Readers team in Mexico, Nigeria, and India]]. The teams created a prototype for mobile PDFs which was evaluated by user research and community feedback.  The [[m:New_Readers/Offline#Concept_testing_for_mobile_web|prototype evaluation]] received positive feedback and results, so development continued.

For the initial deployment, the feature will be available to Google Chrome browsers on Android. Support for other mobile browsers to come in the future. For Chrome, the feature will use the native Android print functionality. Users can choose to download a webpage as a PDF. [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Print_Styles#Mobile_Printing|Mobile print styles]] will be used for these PDFs to ensure optimal readability for smaller screens.

The feature is available starting Wednesday, Nov 15. For more information, see [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_PDFs|the project page on MediaWiki.org]]. 

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} 
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 22:07, 20 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:CKoerner_(WMF)/Mobile_PDF_distribution_list&amp;oldid=17448927 --&gt;

== Call for Wikimania 2018 Scholarships ==

Hi all,

We wanted to inform you that scholarship applications for [[:wm2018:Wikimania 2018|Wikimania 2018]] which is being held in Cape Town, South Africa on July 18–22, 2018 are now being accepted. '''Applications are open until Monday, 22 January 2018 23:59 UTC.'''

Applicants will be able to apply for a partial or full scholarship. A full scholarship will cover the cost of an individual's round-trip travel, shared accommodation, and conference registration fees as arranged by the Wikimedia Foundation. A partial scholarship will cover conference registration fees and shared accommodation. Applicants will be rated using a pre-determined selection process and selection criteria established by the Scholarship Committee and the Wikimedia Foundation, who will determine which applications are successful. To learn more about Wikimania 2018 scholarships, please visit: [[:wm2018:Scholarships]].

To apply for a scholarship, fill out the multi-language application form on: '''https://scholarships.wikimedia.org/apply'''

It is highly recommended that applicants review all the material on the Scholarships page and [[:wm2018:Scholarships/FAQ|the associated FAQ]] before submitting an application. If you have any questions, please contact: wikimania-scholarships at wikimedia.org or leave a message at: [[:wm2018:Talk:Scholarships]]. Please help us spread the word and translate pages!

Best regards, [[:m:User:Slashme|David Richfield]] and [[:m:DerHexer|Martin Rulsch]] for the [[:wm2018:Scholarship Committee|Scholarship Committee]] 19:24, 20 Oṣù Kejìlá 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:DerHexer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=17300722 --&gt;

== User group for Military Historians ==

Greetings, 

&quot;Military history&quot; is one of the most important subjects when speak of sum of all human knowledge. To support contributors interested in the area over various language Wikipedias, we intend to form a user group. It also provides a platform to share the best practices between military historians, and various military related projects on Wikipedias. An initial discussion was has been done between the coordinators and members of WikiProject Military History on English Wikipedia. Now this discussion has been taken to Meta-Wiki. Contributors intrested in the area of military history are requested to share their feedback and give suggestions at [[:m:Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians|Talk:Discussion to incubate a user group for Wikipedia Military Historians]].

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 10:46, 21 Oṣù Kejìlá 2017 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Krishna Chaitanya Velaga@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_Wikipedia_delivery&amp;oldid=17565441 --&gt;

== Editing News #1—2018 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/February|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''
&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]]
'''Did you know?'''&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;
Did you know that you can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]] on any page?

[[File:Wikitext diff paragraph move correcting vandalism 2018.png|alt=Screenshot showing some changes, in the two-column wikitext diff display|center|frameless|250px]]

Sometimes, it is hard to see important changes in a wikitext diff.  This screenshot of a wikitext diff (click to enlarge) shows that the paragraphs have been rearranged, but it does not highlight the removal of a word or the addition of a new sentence.

If you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable the Beta Feature]] for &quot;{{Int:visualeditor-preference-visualdiffpage-label}}&quot;, you will have a new option.  It will give you a new box at the top of every diff page.  This box will let you choose either diff system on any edit.

[[File:VisualEditor visual diff tool - toggle button.png|alt=Toggle button showing visual and wikitext options; visual option is selected|center|frameless|200px]]
Click the toggle button to switch between visual and wikitext diffs.

In the visual diff, additions, removals, new links, and formatting changes will be highlighted.  Other changes, such as changing the size of an image, are described in notes on the side.

[[File:Visual diff paragraph move correcting vandalism 2018.png|alt=Screenshot showing the same changes to an article.  Most changes are highlighted with text formatting.|center|frameless|250px]]

This screenshot shows the same edit as the wikitext diff.  The visual diff highlights the removal of one word and the addition of a new sentence.

You can read and help translate [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2017/May|the last newsletter]], the [[mw:Editing|Editing Team]] has spent most of their time supporting [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|the 2017 wikitext editor mode]], which is available inside the visual editor as a Beta Feature, and improving [[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|the visual diff tool]]. Their work board is available [[phab:project/view/3236/|in Phabricator]].  You can find links to the work finished each week at [[mw:VisualEditor/Weekly triage meetings]].  Their [[mw:Editing team/Current priorities|current priorities]] are fixing bugs, supporting the 2017 wikitext editor, and improving the visual diff tool.
===Recent changes===
*The '''[[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]]''' is [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|available as a Beta Feature]] on desktop devices.  It has the same toolbar as the visual editor and can use the citoid service and other modern tools.  The team have been comparing the performance of different editing environments.  They have studied how long it takes to open the page and start typing.  The study uses data for more than one million edits during December and January.  Some changes have been made to improve the speed of the 2017 wikitext editor and the visual editor.  Recently, the 2017 wikitext editor opened fastest for most edits, and the 2010 WikiEditor was fastest for some edits.  More information will be posted at [[mw:Contributors/Projects/Editing performance]].
*The '''[[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|visual diff tool]]''' was developed for the visual editor.  It is now available to all users of the visual editor and the 2017 wikitext editor.  When you review your changes, you can toggle between wikitext and visual diffs.  You can also [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable the new Beta Feature]] for &quot;Visual diffs&quot;.  The Beta Feature lets you use the visual diff tool to view other people's edits on page histories and [[Special:RecentChanges]].  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T167508]
*[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|'''Wikitext syntax highlighting''']] is available as a Beta Feature for both [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|the 2017 wikitext editor]] and the 2010 wikitext editor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T101246]
*The [[mw:Citoid|citoid service]] automatically translates URLs, DOIs, ISBNs, and PubMed id numbers into wikitext citation templates.  It is very popular and useful to editors, although it can be a bit tricky to set up.  &lt;mark&gt;Your wiki can have this service.  Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|read the instructions]]. You can [[phab:T127354|ask the team to help you enable citoid at your wiki]]&lt;/mark&gt;.

===Let's work together===
*The team will talk about editing tools at an upcoming [[m:Wikimedia Foundation metrics and activities meetings|Wikimedia Foundation metrics and activities meeting]].
*Wikibooks, Wikiversity, and other communities may have the visual editor made available by default to contributors.  If your community wants this, then please contact [[mw:User talk:Deskana (WMF)|Dan Garry]].
*The &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; block can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Projects/Columns for references|automatically display long lists of references in columns]] on wide screens.  This makes footnotes easier to read.  You can [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Cite,VisualEditor,Wikimedia-Site-requests&amp;title=Convert%20reference%20lists%20over%20to%20`responsive`%20on%20XXwiki&amp;priority=10&amp;parent=159895 '''request multi-column support'''] for your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T33597]
*If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly. We will notify you when the next issue is ready for translation. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} 

—[[mw:User:Elitre (WMF)|Elitre (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 20:56, 2 Oṣù Kẹta 2018 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=17790200 --&gt;

== AdvancedSearch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
From May 8, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:AdvancedSearch|AdvancedSearch]] will be available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Features|beta feature]] in your wiki. The feature enhances the [[Special:Search|search page]] through an advanced parameters form and aims to make [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch/Functional_scope|existing search options]] more visible and accessible for everyone. AdvancedSearch is a project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/AdvancedSearch|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature and we hope that it will serve you well in your work!  &lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)|Birgit Müller (WMDE)]] 14:53, 7 Oṣù Kàrún 2018 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Birgit Müller (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=17995461 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (May 2018) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to research and tools as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/69/ Rock's Backpages]''' – Music articles and interviews from the 1950s onwards - 50 accounts
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/68/ Invaluable]''' – Database of more than 50 million auctions and over 500,000 artists - 15 accounts
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/70/ Termsoup]''' – Translation tool

'''Expansions'''
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/43/ Fold3]''' – Available content has more than doubled, now including new military collections from the UK, Australia, and New Zealand.
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/52/ Oxford University Press]''' – The Scholarship collection now includes [http://www.e-enlightenment.com/ Electronic Enlightenment]
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/60/ Alexander Street Press]''' – [https://alexanderstreet.com/products/women-and-social-movements-library Women and Social Movements Library] now available
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/58/ Cambridge University Press]''' – [http://orlando.cambridge.org/ Orlando Collection] now available

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/41/ Loeb Classical Library], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 18:03, 30 Oṣù Kàrún 2018 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=18064061 --&gt;

== Tidy to RemexHtml ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[:mw:Parsing|Parsing]] team will be [[:mw:Parsing/Replacing Tidy|replacing Tidy with RemexHtml]] at this wiki on 5 July 2018.

Some pages at this wiki use outdated HTML.  This change may change the appearance of those pages.  [[Special:LintErrors]] has a complete list of affected pages.

Read [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-ambassadors/2018-June/001867.html this e-mail message] for more information.  Read the instructions at [[:mw:Help:Extension:Linter]].  You can ask questions at [[:mw:Talk:Parsing/Replacing Tidy]].  Thank you for helping fix these problems.
&lt;/div&gt; [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]] 14:38, 2 Oṣù Keje 2018 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Editing/Parsing_change&amp;oldid=18129171 --&gt;

== Global preferences are available ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Global preferences are now available, you can set them by visiting your new [[Special:GlobalPreferences|global preferences page]]. Visit [[mw:Help:Extension:GlobalPreferences|mediawiki.org for information on how to use them]] and [[mw:Help talk:Extension:GlobalPreferences|leave feedback]]. -- [[User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 19:20, 10 Oṣù Keje 2018 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=17968247 --&gt;

== New user group for editing sitewide CSS / JS ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''({{int:please-translate}})''

Hi all!

To improve the security of our readers and editors, permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed. (These are pages like &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Common.css&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:Vector.js&lt;/code&gt; which contain code that is executed in the browsers of users of the site.)
A new user group, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]&lt;/code&gt;, has been created.
Starting four weeks from now, only members of this group will be able edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;.css&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;.js&lt;/code&gt; that is either in the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;MediaWiki:&lt;/code&gt; namespace or is another user's user subpage).

You can learn more about the motivation behind the change [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|here]].

Please add users who need to edit CSS/JS to the new group (this can be done the same way new administrators are added, by stewards or local bureaucrats).
This is a dangerous permission; a malicious user or a hacker taking over the account of a careless interface-admin can abuse it in far worse ways than admin permissions could be abused. Please only assign it to users who need it, who are trusted by the community, and who follow common basic password and computer security practices (use strong passwords, do not reuse passwords, use two-factor authentication if possible, do not install software of questionable origin on your machine, use antivirus software if that's a standard thing in your environment).

Thanks!
&lt;br/&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 17:45, 30 Oṣù Keje 2018 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tgr@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tgr/massmessage-T139380-ifadmin&amp;oldid=18255968 --&gt;

== Editing of sitewide CSS/JS is only possible for interface administrators from now ==

''({{int:please-translate}})''

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hi all,

as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS/announcement 2|announced previously]], permission handling for CSS/JS pages has changed: only members of the &lt;code&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface-admin]]&lt;/code&gt; ({{int:group-interface-admin}}) group, and a few highly privileged global groups such as stewards, can edit CSS/JS pages that they do not own (that is, any page ending with .css or .js that is either in the MediaWiki: namespace or is another user's user subpage). This is done to improve the security of readers and editors of Wikimedia projects. More information is available at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS|Creation of separate user group for editing sitewide CSS/JS]]. If you encounter any unexpected problems, please contact me or file a bug.

Thanks!&lt;br /&gt;
[[m:User:Tgr|Tgr]] ([[m:User talk:Tgr|talk]]) 12:40, 27 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2018 (UTC) &lt;small&gt;(via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|global message delivery]])&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tgr@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18258712 --&gt;

== Read-only mode for up to an hour on 12 September and 10 October ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2018|Read this message in another language]]  •  {{int:please-translate}}

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.  To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data center on '''Wednesday, 12 September 2018'''.
On '''Wednesday, 10 October 2018''', they will switch back to the primary data center.  

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop when we switch.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Wednesday, 12 September and Wednesday, 10 October. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20170503T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Thursday 13 September and Thursday 11 October). 
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the weeks of 10 September 2018 and 8 October 2018.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' /&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Johan (WMF)|User:Johan(WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Johan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 13:33, 6 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2018 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18333489 --&gt;

== Editing News #2—2018 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/October|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]]
'''Did you know?'''  
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

Did you know that you can use the visual editor on a mobile device?
[[File:Mobile editing watchlist star editing pencil.png|alt=Screenshot showing the location of the pencil icon|center|frameless|250px]]

Tap on the pencil icon to start editing.  The page will probably open in the wikitext editor.

You will see another pencil icon in the toolbar.  Tap on that pencil icon to the switch between visual editing and wikitext editing.

[[File:Visual editing mobile switch wikitext.png|alt=Toolbar with menu opened|center|frameless|250px]]

Remember to publish your changes when you're done.

You can read and help translate [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|the user guide]], which has more information about how to use the visual editor.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Since the last newsletter, the [[mw:Editing|Editing Team]] has wrapped up most of their work on the [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] and [[mw:VisualEditor/Diffs|the visual diff tool]].  The team has begun investigating the needs of editors who use mobile devices.  Their work board is available [[phab:project/view/3236/|in Phabricator]].  Their [[mw:Wikimedia Audiences/2018-19 Q2 Goals#Contributors|current priorities]] are fixing bugs and improving mobile editing.   

=== Recent changes ===
*The Editing team has published an [[mw:Mobile editing using the visual editor report|initial report about mobile editing]].  
*The Editing team has begun a design study of visual editing on the mobile website.  New editors have trouble doing basic tasks on a smartphone, such as adding links to Wikipedia articles.  You can [[c:File:Visual Editor Heuristic - Results.pdf|read the report]].
*The Reading team is working on a [[mw:Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|separate mobile-based contributions project]].
*The 2006 wikitext editor is [[mw:Contributors/Projects/Removal of the 2006 wikitext editor|no longer supported]].  If you used [[:File:Edit toolbar - 2.png|that toolbar]], then you will no longer see any toolbar.  You may choose another editing tool in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|editing preferences]], [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|local gadgets]], or [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]].
*The Editing team described the history and status of [[mw:Extension:VisualEditor|VisualEditor]] in [[m:Wikimedia monthly activities meetings/2018-03|this recorded public presentation]] (starting at 29 minutes, 30 seconds).
*The Language team released [[mw:Content translation/V2|a new version of Content Translation]] (CX2) last month, on [[foundationsite:2018/09/30/international-translation-day/|International Translation Day]]. It integrates the visual editor to support templates, tables, and images.  It also produces better wikitext when the translated article is published. [https://wikimediafoundation.org/2018/09/30/content-translation-version-two/]

=== Let's work together ===
* The Editing team wants to improve visual editing on the mobile website.  &lt;mark&gt;Please read [[mw:Visual-based mobile editing/Ideas/October 2018|their ideas]] and tell the team what you think would help editors who use the mobile site.&lt;/mark&gt;  
*The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2019|Community Wishlist Survey]] begins next week.
*If you aren't reading this in your preferred language, then please help us with translations! Subscribe to the [[mail:translators-l|Translators mailing list]] or [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Elitre_(WMF)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=new contact us] directly. We will notify you when the next issue is ready for translation. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

—[[mw:User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 14:17, 2 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2018 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=17790200 --&gt;

== Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
'''Change coming to how certain templates will appear on the mobile web'''

{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Page_issues_-_mobile_banner_example.jpg|thumb|Example of improvements]]

Hello,

In a few weeks the Readers web team will be changing how some templates look on the mobile web site. We will make these templates more noticeable when viewing the article. We ask for your help in updating any templates that don't look correct.

What kind of templates? Specifically templates that notify readers and contributors about issues with the content of an article – the text and information in the article. Examples like [[wikidata:Q5962027|Template:Unreferenced]] or [[Wikidata:Q5619503|Template:More citations needed]]. Right now these notifications are hidden behind a link under the title of an article. We will format templates like these (mostly those that use Template:Ambox or message box templates in general) to show a short summary under the page title. You can tap on the &quot;Learn more&quot; link to get more information.

For template editors we have [[mw:Recommendations_for_mobile_friendly_articles_on_Wikimedia_wikis#Making_page_issues_(ambox_templates)_mobile_friendly|some recommendations on how to make templates that are mobile-friendly]] and also further [[mw:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|documentation on our work so far]].

If you have questions about formatting templates for mobile, [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Projects/Mobile_Page_Issues|please leave a note on the project talk page]] or [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?projects=Readers-Web-Backlog file a task in Phabricator] and we will help you.

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:CKoerner (WMF)|CKoerner (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:CKoerner (WMF)|talk]]) 19:35, 13 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2018 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18543269 --&gt;

== Advanced Search ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  
[[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/AdvancedSearch|Advanced Search]] will become a default feature on your wiki on November 28. This new interface allows you to perform specialized searches on the [[Special:Search|search page]], even if you don’t know any [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch|search syntax]]. Advanced Search originates from the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|German Community’s Technical Wishes project]]. It's already a default feature on German, Arabic, Farsi and Hungarian Wikipedia. Besides, more than 40.000 users across all wikis have tested the beta version. Feedback is welcome on the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:AdvancedSearch|central feedback page]].&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|talk]]) 11:03, 26 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2018 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_2&amp;oldid=18363910 --&gt;

==Iroyin==

Hi!

I'm very happy to announce that the keyboard support for five languages of Africa has improved!

The languages are Ewe, Fon, Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. The improved typing support is usable on any desktop computer with a browser with JavaScript enabled. It is installed in Wikipedia and all other Wikimedia projects, and also on translatewiki.net.

These typing tools don't require the installation of any software on your computers, or using any key combinations (like Alt or Ctrl). Most special characters are typed on these keyboards by typing the tilde (~) character before the special letter.

See the full documentation here:

* Ewe: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Extension:UniversalLanguageSelector/Input_methods/ee-tilde
* Fon: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Extension:UniversalLanguageSelector/Input_methods/fon-tilde
* Hausa: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Extension:UniversalLanguageSelector/Input_methods/ha-tilde
* Igbo: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Extension:UniversalLanguageSelector/Input_methods/ig-tilde
* Yoruba: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Extension:UniversalLanguageSelector/Input_methods/yo-tilde

Some thanks and credits:
The Fon keyboard was originally made by Mahuton Possoupe at the Barcelona Hackathon. This week I updated it with some more necessary characters by Mahuton's request.
The Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba keyboards were requested by User:HandsomeBoy at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2019/Editing/Add_key_mapping_for_Yoruba,_Igbo,_and_Hausa_to_ULS .
The keyboard for Ewe was requested by Felix Nartey.
Kartik Mistry was very helpful with reviewing the code for the keyboards, and of course I thank all the developers of jquery.ime ( https://github.com/wikimedia/jquery.ime/ ), the underlying technology that was used to make them.

If you have any questions about these keyboards, or if you want to request keyboard support for more languages, please reach out to me or leave a note at the talk page:
https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help_talk:Extension:UniversalLanguageSelector/Input_methods

--
Amir Elisha Aharoni · אָמִיר אֱלִישָׁע אַהֲרוֹנִי
http://aharoni.wordpress.com
‪“We're living in pieces,
I want to live in peace.” – T. Moore‬

== Invitation from Wiki Loves Love 2019 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:WLL Subtitled Logo (transparent).svg|right|frameless]]

Love is an important subject for humanity and it is expressed in different cultures and regions in different ways across the world through different gestures, ceremonies, festivals and to document expression of this rich and beautiful emotion, we need your help so we can share and spread the depth of cultures that each region has, the best of how people of that region, celebrate love. 

[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love|Wiki Loves Love (WLL)]] is an international photography competition of Wikimedia Commons with the subject love testimonials happening in the month of February.

The primary goal of the competition is to document love testimonials through human cultural diversity such as monuments, ceremonies, snapshot of tender gesture, and miscellaneous objects used as symbol of love; to illustrate articles in the worldwide free encyclopedia Wikipedia, and other Wikimedia Foundation (WMF) projects. 

The theme of 2019 iteration is '''''Celebrations, Festivals, Ceremonies and rituals of love.'''''

Sign up your affiliate or individually at [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019/Participants|Participants]] page.

To know more about the contest, check out our [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2019|Commons Page]] and [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/FAQ|FAQs]]

There are several prizes to grab. Hope to see you spreading love this February with Wiki Loves Love!

Kind regards,

[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Love 2018/International Team|Wiki Loves Love Team]]

Imagine... the sum of all love!
&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 10:13, 27 Oṣù Kejìlá 2018 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18639017 --&gt;

== Machine translation support enabled today for Content Translation ==

{{int:Please-translate}}
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; 

Hello, machine translation support for [[:mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] (beta feature) has now been extended and enabled for users of this Wikipedia, with the inclusion of [[:en:Google_Translate|Google Translate]]. It can be used when translating Wikipedia articles with Content Translation. To start using this service, please choose ''Google Translate'' from the ''Automatic Translation'' dropdown menu that you see on the sidebar after you start translating an article. 

Please note, machine translation is available from all the languages that are supported by Google Translate, but Content Translation can still be used in the usual manner for translating from all languages, with or without machine translation support. While machine translation exists to aid creation of content conveniently, we would like to emphasise that before publishing, the final content should always be reviewed to avoid errors and ambiguity. We hope that your wiki community will find this new service useful, and that it will help you create more articles in your language.

Wikimedia Foundation and Google have collaborated to work out [[:mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/GT#Summary_of_our_agreement_with_Google|an agreement]] that allows the use of Google Translate without compromising Wikipedia’s policy of attribution of rights, privacy of our users and brand representation. For more information, we request you to kindly take a look at the details about [[:mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation|machine translation services in Content Translation]] and about [[:mw:Content_translation/Machine_Translation/GT|Google Translate translation services]]. You can also read the [https://wikimediafoundation.org/2019/01/09/you-can-now-use-google-translate-to-translate-articles-on-wikipedia main announcement on Wikimedia news]. Please note, translations made using Content Translation are also used to improve machine translation services.

We have tested the service for use, but there could be unknown problems that we are not aware of yet. Please do let us know on our [[:mw:Talk:Content_translation|Project Talk page]] if you face any problems using Content Translation. This message is only in English and we will be very grateful if it could be translated into for other users of this Wikipedia. 

Thank you. -- On behalf of WMF Language team: [[m:User:Runab_WMF|Runa Bhattacharjee (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Runab_WMF|talk]]) 16:15, 9 Oṣù Kínní 2019 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Runab WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/CX/9_January_2019&amp;oldid=18768811 --&gt;

== FileExporter beta feature ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 
[[File:Logo for FileExporter.svg|thumb|Coming soon: the beta feature [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]]]
A new beta feature will soon be released on all wikis: The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter]]. It allows exports of files from a local wiki to Wikimedia Commons, including their file history and page history. Which files can be exported is defined by each wiki's community: '''Please check your wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration file documentation|configuration file]]''' if you want to use this feature.

The FileExporter has already been a beta feature on [https://www.mediawiki.org mediawiki.org], [https://meta.wikimedia.org meta.wikimedia], deWP, faWP, arWP, koWP and on [https://wikisource.org wikisource.org]. After some functionality was added, it's now becoming a beta feature on all wikis. Deployment is planned for January 16. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|on the project page]]. 

As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test the FileExporter, please activate it in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]]. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help_talk:Extension:FileImporter|central talk page]]. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]].
&lt;/div&gt; [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 09:41, 14 Oṣù Kínní 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=18782700 --&gt;

== No editing for 30 minutes on 17 January ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;You will '''not be able to edit''' the wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190117T07 17 January 07:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a database problem that has to be fixed immediately. You can still read the wikis. Some wikis are not affected. They don't get this message. You can see which wikis are '''not''' affected [[:m:User:Johan (WMF)/201901ReadOnlyPage|on this page]]. Most wikis are affected. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;
18:55, 16 Oṣù Kínní 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/201901ReadOnly/Targets8&amp;oldid=18789240 --&gt;

== Talk to us about talking ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-rtl.svg|alt=&quot;￼icon depicting two speech Bubbles&quot;|frameless|right|120px]]
The Wikimedia Foundation is planning a [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|global consultation about communication]]. The goal is to bring Wikimedians and wiki-minded people together to improve tools for communication.

We want all contributors to be able to talk to each other on the wikis, whatever their experience, their skills or their devices.

We are looking for input from as many different parts of the Wikimedia community as possible. It will come from multiple projects, in multiple languages, and with multiple perspectives.

We are currently planning the consultation. We need your help.

'''We need volunteers to help talk to their communities or user groups.'''

You can help by hosting a discussion at your wiki. Here's what to do:  
# First, [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Participant group sign-up|sign up your group here.]]  
# Next, create a page (or a section on a Village pump, or an e-mail thread – whatever is natural for your group) to collect information from other people in your group.  This is not a vote or decision-making discussion: we are just collecting feedback.  
# Then ask people what they think about communication processes.  We want to hear stories and other information about how people communicate with each other on and off wiki.  Please consider asking these five questions:
## When you want to discuss a topic with your community, what tools work for you, and what problems block you?
## What about talk pages works for newcomers, and what blocks them?
## What do others struggle with in your community about talk pages?
## What do you wish you could do on talk pages, but can't due to the technical limitations?
## What are the important aspects of a &quot;wiki discussion&quot;?
# Finally, please go to [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019 on Mediawiki.org]] and report what you learned from your group.  Please include links if the discussion is available to the public.

'''You can also help build the list of the many different ways people talk to each other.'''

Not all groups active on wikis or around wikis use the same way to discuss things: it can happen on wiki, on social networks, through external tools... Tell us [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Tools in use|how your group communicates]].

You can read more about [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|the overall process]] on mediawiki.org. If you have questions or ideas, you can [[mw:Talk:Talk pages consultation 2019|leave feedback about the consultation process]] in the language you prefer.

Thank you! We're looking forward to talking with you.
&lt;/div&gt; [[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 15:01, 21 Oṣù Kejì 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18639017 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Accounts Available Now (March 2019) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing signups today for free, full-access, accounts to published research as part of our [[m:The_Wikipedia_Library/Journals|Publisher Donation Program]]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/72/ Kinige]''' – Primarily Indian-language ebooks - 10 books per month
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale]''' – Times Digital Archive collection added (covering 1785-2013)
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR]''' – New applications now being taken again

Many other partnerships with accounts available are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/47/ Baylor University Press], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/10/ Taylor &amp; Francis], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/46/ Cairn], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/32/ Annual Reviews] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/61/ Bloomsbury]. You can request new partnerships on our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/suggest/ Suggestions page].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: sign up today!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 17:40, 13 Oṣù Kẹta 2019 (UTC)

:''You can host and coordinate signups for a Wikipedia Library branch in your own language. Please contact [[m:User:Ocaasi_(WMF)|Ocaasi (WMF)]].''&lt;br&gt; 
:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=18873404 --&gt;

== Read-only mode for up to 30 minutes on 11 April ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;You will '''not be able to edit''' most Wikimedia wikis for up to 30 minutes on '''[https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20190411T05 11 April 05:00 UTC]'''. This is because of a hardware problem. You can still read the wikis. You [[phab:T220080|can see which wikis are affected]]. The time you can not edit might be shorter than 30 minutes. /[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 10:57, 8 Oṣù Kẹrin 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18979889 --&gt;

== Wikimedia Foundation Medium-Term Plan feedback request ==

{{int:please-translate}}

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;The Wikimedia Foundation has published a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|Medium-Term Plan proposal]] covering the next 3–5 years. We want your feedback! Please leave all comments and questions, in any language, on [[m:Talk:Wikimedia_Foundation_Medium-term_plan_2019|the talk page]], by April 20. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 17:35, 12 Oṣù Kẹrin 2019 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=18998727 --&gt;

== Editing News #1—July 2019 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2019/July|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]''

&lt;div style=&quot;float:right;width:270px;margin-left:1em;border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:1em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:VisualEditor-logo.svg|200px|center]]
&lt;big&gt;'''Did you know?'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot;&gt;  

Did you know that you can use the visual editor on a mobile device?

Every article has a pencil icon at the top.  Tap on the pencil icon [[File:OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg|frameless|16x16px]] to start editing.  

'''&lt;big&gt;Edit Cards&lt;/big&gt;'''

[[File:EditCards-v.20.png|alt=Toolbar with menu opened|center|frameless|250px]]

This is what the new '''Edit Cards for editing links''' in the mobile visual editor look like. You can try the prototype here: '''[[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 Try Edit Cards]].'''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Welcome back to the [[mw:Editing|Editing]] newsletter.

Since [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2018/October|the last newsletter]], the team has released two new features for the [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|mobile visual editor]] and has started developing three more.  All of this work is part of the team's goal to [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2018-2019/Audiences#Outcome 3: Mobile Contribution|make editing on mobile web simpler]].  

Before talking about the team's recent releases, we have a question for you:  

&lt;strong&gt;Are you willing to try a new way to add and change links?&lt;/strong&gt;

If you are interested, we would value your input!  You can try this new link tool in the mobile visual editor on a separate wiki. 

&lt;em&gt;Follow these instructions and share your experience:&lt;/em&gt;

&lt;strong&gt;[[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 Try Edit Cards]].&lt;/strong&gt;

=== Recent releases ===
The mobile visual editor is a simpler editing tool, for smartphones and tablets using the [[mw:Reading/Web/Mobile#About|mobile site]].  The Editing team recently launched two new features to improve the mobile visual editor: 

# [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Section editing|Section editing]]
#* The purpose is to help contributors focus on their edits.
#* The team studied this with an A/B test.  [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Section editing#16 June 2019|This test showed]] that contributors who could use section editing were '''1% more likely to publish''' the edits they started than people with only full-page editing.
# [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile#March 1, 2019|Loading overlay]]
#* The purpose is to smooth the transition between reading and editing.

Section editing and the new loading overlay are '''now available to everyone''' using the mobile visual editor.

=== New and active projects ===
This is a list of our most active projects. [[mw:Help:Watching pages|Watch]] these pages to learn about project updates and to share your input on new designs, prototypes and research findings.

*[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|Edit cards]]: This is a clearer way to add and edit links, citations, images, templates, etc. in articles.  You can try this feature now.  &lt;em&gt;Go here to see how:&lt;/em&gt; [[mw:Topic:V394zwrigth8ii7c|📲 &lt;em&gt;Try Edit Cards&lt;/em&gt;]].
*[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh|Mobile toolbar refresh]]: This project will learn if contributors are more successful when the editing tools are easier to recognize.
*[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default|Mobile visual editor availability]]: This A/B test asks:  ''Are newer contributors more successful if they use the mobile visual editor?''  We are collaborating with [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default#26 June 2019 %E2%80%93 Participating wikis and test start date|20 Wikipedias]] to answer this question.
*[[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Usability improvements|Usability improvements]]: This project will make the mobile visual editor easier to use.  The goal is to let contributors stay focused on editing and to feel more confident in the editing tools.

=== Looking ahead ===

* '''Wikimania:'''  Several members of the Editing Team will be attending [[wmania:|Wikimania]] in August 2019.  They will lead a session about mobile editing in the [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/Visual editing on mobile: An accessible editor for all|Community Growth space]].  Talk to the team about how editing can be improved.
* '''Talk Pages:'''  In the coming months, the Editing Team will begin [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|improving talk pages]] and communication on the wikis.

=== Learning more ===
The [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|VisualEditor on mobile]] is a good place to learn more about the projects we are working on. The team wants to talk with you about anything related to editing. If you have something to say or ask, please leave a message at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor on mobile|Talk:VisualEditor on mobile]].

[[user:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:user_talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) &amp; [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:user_talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]]) 
&lt;/div&gt; 18:32, 23 Oṣù Keje 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=19175117 --&gt;

== Update on the consultation about office actions ==

Hello all, 

Last month, the Wikimedia Foundation's Trust &amp; Safety team [[:en:Wikipedia:Village_pump_(policy)/Archive_152#Announcement_of_forthcoming_temporary_and_partial_ban_tool_consultation|announced]] a future consultation about partial and/or temporary [[m:Special:MyLanguage/office actions|office actions]]. We want to let you know that the '''draft version''' of this consultation has now been [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|posted on Meta]]. 

This is a '''draft'''. It is not intended to be the consultation itself, which will be posted on Meta likely in early September. Please do not treat this draft as a consultation. Instead, we ask your assistance in forming the final language for the consultation.

For that end, we would like your input over the next couple of weeks about what questions the consultation should ask about partial and temporary Foundation office action bans and how it should be formatted. '''[[:m:Talk:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|Please post it on the draft talk page]]'''. Our goal is to provide space for the community to discuss all the aspects of these office actions that need to be discussed, and we want to ensure with your feedback that the consultation is presented in the best way to encourage frank and constructive conversation.

Please visit [[:m:Office_actions/Community_consultation_on_partial_and_temporary_office_actions/draft|the consultation draft on Meta-wiki]] and leave your comments on the draft’s talk page about what the consultation should look like and what questions it should ask. 

Thank you for your input! -- The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety|Trust &amp; Safety team]] 08:03, 16 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=19175143 --&gt;

== New tools and IP masking ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hey everyone,

The Wikimedia Foundation wants to work on two things that affect how we patrol changes and handle vandalism and harassment. We want to make the tools that are used to handle bad edits better. We also want to get better privacy for unregistered users so their IP addresses are no longer shown to everyone in the world. We would not hide IP addresses until we have better tools for patrolling.

We have an idea of what tools ''could'' be working better and how a more limited access to IP addresses would change things, but we need to hear from more wikis. You can read more about the project [[m:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|on Meta]] and [[m:Talk:IP Editing: Privacy Enhancement and Abuse Mitigation|post comments and feedback]]. Now is when we need to hear from you to be able to give you better tools to handle vandalism, spam and harassment.

You can post in your language if you can't write in English.
[[User:Johan (WMF)|Johan (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; 14:18, 21 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Tools_and_IP_message/Distribution&amp;oldid=19315232 --&gt;

== The consultation on partial and temporary Foundation bans just started ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Hello, 

In a [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|recent statement]], the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees [[:en:Wikipedia:Community_response_to_the_Wikimedia_Foundation%27s_ban_of_Fram/Official_statements#Board_statement|requested that staff hold a consultation]] to &quot;re-evaluat[e] or add community input to the two new office action policy tools (temporary and partial Foundation bans)&quot;.

Accordingly, the Foundation's Trust &amp; Safety team invites all Wikimedians [[:m:Office actions/Community consultation on partial and temporary office actions/09 2019|to join this consultation and give their feedback]] from 30 September to 30 October. 

How can you help?

* Suggest how partial and temporary Foundation bans should be used, if they should (eg: On all projects, or only on a subset);

* Give ideas about how partial and temporary Foundation bans should ideally implemented, if they should be; and/or

* Propose changes to the existing Office Actions policy on partial and temporary bans.

We offer our thanks in advance for your contributions, and we hope to get as much input as possible from community members during this consultation!

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;-- [[user:Kbrown (WMF)|Kbrown (WMF)]] 17:14, 30 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=19302497 --&gt;

== Feedback wanted on Desktop Improvements project ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:Please-translate}}

{{int:Hello}}. The Readers Web team at the WMF will work on some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|improvements to the desktop interface]] over the next couple of years. The goal is to increase usability without removing any functionality. We have been inspired by changes made by volunteers, but that currently only exist as local gadgets and user scripts, prototypes, and volunteer-led skins. We would like to begin the process of bringing some of these changes into the default experience on all Wikimedia projects. 

We are currently in the research stage of this project and are looking for ideas for improvements, as well as feedback on our current ideas and mockups.  So far, we have performed interviews with community members at Wikimania. We have gathered lists of previous volunteer and WMF work in this area. We are examining possible technical approaches for such changes.  

We would like individual feedback on the following:

* Identifying focus areas for the project we have not yet discovered
* Expanding the list of existing gadgets and user scripts that are related to providing a better desktop experience. If you can think of some of these from your wiki, please let us know
* Feedback on the ideas and mockups we have collected so far

We would also like to gather a list of wikis that would be interested in being test wikis for this project - these wikis would be the first to receive the updates once we’re ready to start building. 

When giving feedback, please consider the following goals of the project:

* Make it easier for readers to focus on the content
* Provide easier access to everyday actions (e.g. search, language switching, editing)
* Put things in logical and useful places
* Increase consistency in the interface with other platforms - mobile web and the apps
* Eliminate clutter
* Plan for future growth

As well as the following constraints:

* Not touching the content - no work will be done in terms of styling templates or to the structure of page contents themselves
* Not removing any functionality - things might move around, but all navigational items and other functionality currently available by default will remain
* No drastic changes to the layout - we're taking an evolutionary approach to the changes and want the site to continue feeling familiar to readers and editors

Please give all feedback (in any language) at [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements]] 

After this round of feedback, we plan on building a prototype of suggested changes based on the feedback we receive. You’ll hear from us again asking for feedback on this prototype.

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[mw:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 07:18, 16 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/Global_message_delivery_split_4&amp;oldid=19462890 --&gt;

== Beta feature &quot;Reference Previews&quot; ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; 
A new beta feature will soon be deployed to your wiki: [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Reference Previews]]. As you might guess from the name, this feature gives you a preview of references in the article text. That means, you can look up a reference without jumping down to the bottom of the page.

Reference Previews have already been a beta feature on German and Arabic Wikipedia since April. Now they will become available on more wikis. Deployment is planned for October 24. More information can be found [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews|on the project page]].

As always, feedback is highly appreciated. If you want to test Reference Previews, please activate the beta feature in your [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|user preferences]] and let us know what you think. The best place for feedback is the [[mw:Help talk:Reference Previews|central talk page]]. We hope the feature will serve you well in your work. Thank you from Wikimedia Deutschland's [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes project]].
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 09:47, 23 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=19478814 --&gt;

== Editing News #2 – Mobile editing and talk pages ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2019/October|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

Inside this newsletter, the [[mw:Editing|Editing team]] talks about their work on the [[mw:Mobile visual editor|mobile visual editor]], on [[mw:Talk pages project|the new talk pages project]], and at [[wikimania:|Wikimania 2019]].

=== Help ===
&lt;strong&gt;What talk page interactions do you remember?&lt;/strong&gt; Is it a story about how someone helped you to learn something new? Is it a story about how someone helped you get involved in a group? Something else?  Whatever your story is, we want to hear it!  

Please tell us a story about how you used a talk page.  &lt;mark&gt;Please share a link to a memorable discussion, or describe it on the &lt;strong&gt;[[mw:Topic:V8d91yh8gcg404dj|talk page for this project]]&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/mark&gt;  The team wants your examples.  These examples will help everyone develop a shared understanding of what this project should support and encourage.

=== Talk pages project ===
The [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk Pages Consultation]] was a global consultation to define better tools for wiki communication. From February through June 2019, more than 500 volunteers on 20 wikis, across 15 languages and multiple projects, came together with members of the Foundation to create a product direction for a set of discussion tools.  The [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019/Phase 2 report|Phase 2 Report]] of the Talk Page Consultation was published in August. It summarizes the product direction the team has started to work on, which you can read more about here: [[mw:Talk pages project|Talk Page Project project page]]. 

The team needs and wants your help at this early stage.  They are starting to develop the first idea. Please add your name to the [[mw:Talk pages project#Getting involved|&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Getting involved&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;]] section of the project page, if you would like to hear about opportunities to participate.

=== Mobile visual editor ===
The Editing team is trying to make it simpler to edit on mobile devices.  The team is changing the [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile|visual editor on mobile]]. If you have something to say about editing on a mobile device, please leave a message at [[mw:Talk:VisualEditor on mobile|Talk:VisualEditor on mobile]].

==== [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|Edit Cards]] ====
[[File:Edit Cards-before-v3-comparison.png|thumb|486x486px|What happens when you click on a link.  The new Edit Card is bigger and has more options for editing links.]]

* On 3 September, the Editing team released [[:File:Edit Cards comparison v2 and v3.png|version 3 of Edit Cards]]. Anyone could use the new version in the mobile visual editor.
* There is an [[:File:Edit Cards comparison v2 and v3.png|updated design]] on the Edit Card for adding and modifying links.  There is also a new, [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards#2 September 2019 - v3 deployment timing|combined workflow for editing a link's display text and target]].
* Feedback: You can try the new Edit Cards by opening the mobile visual editor on a smartphone. Please post your feedback on the [[:mw:Topic:V5rg0cqmikpubmjj|Edit cards talk page]].

==== [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh|Toolbar]] ====
[[File:Toolbar-comparison-v1.png|thumb|486px|The editing toolbar is changing in the mobile visual editor.  The old system had two different toolbars.  Now, all the buttons are together.  [[mw:Topic:V79x6zm8n6i4nb56|Tell the team what you think about the new toolbar]].]]

* In September, the Editing team updated the mobile visual editor's editing toolbar.  Anyone could see these changes in the mobile visual editor.
** &lt;em&gt;One toolbar:&lt;/em&gt; All of the editing tools are located in one toolbar.  Previously, the toolbar changed when you clicked on different things.
**&lt;em&gt;New navigation:&lt;/em&gt; The buttons for moving forward and backward in the edit flow have changed.
**&lt;em&gt;Seamless switching:&lt;/em&gt; an [[phab:T228159|improved workflow]] for switching between the visual and wikitext modes.
* Feedback: You can try the refreshed toolbar by opening the mobile VisualEditor on a smartphone. Please post your feedback on the [[mw:Topic:V79x6zm8n6i4nb56|Toolbar feedback talk page]].

=== Wikimania ===
The Editing Team attended [[wmania:2019:Program|Wikimania 2019]] in Sweden.  They led a session on [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/Visual editing on mobile: An accessible editor for all|the mobile visual editor]] and a session on [[wmania:2019:Community Growth/After Flow: A new direction for improving talk pages|the new talk pages project]].  They tested [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Toolbar refresh#v1 prototype|two]] new [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards#v3 prototype|features]] in the mobile visual editor with contributors.  You can read more about what the team did and learned in [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile#Wikimania Stockholm: Overview|the team's report on Wikimania 2019]].

=== Looking ahead ===

* &lt;strong&gt;Talk Pages Project:&lt;/strong&gt; The team is thinking about the first set of proposed changes.  The team will be working with a few communities to pilot those changes. The best way to stay informed is by adding your username to the list on the project page: [[mw:Talk pages project#Getting involved|&lt;strong&gt;Getting involved&lt;/strong&gt;]].
* &lt;strong&gt;Testing the mobile visual editor as the default:&lt;/strong&gt;  The Editing team plans to post results before the end of the calendar year. The best way to stay informed is by adding the project page to your watchlist: [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/VE mobile default|&lt;strong&gt;VisualEditor as mobile default project page&lt;/strong&gt;]].
* &lt;strong&gt;Measuring the impact of Edit Cards:&lt;/strong&gt;  This study asks whether the project helped editors add links and citations.  The Editing team hopes to share results in November.  The best way to stay informed is by adding the project page to your watchlist: [[mw:VisualEditor on mobile/Edit cards|&lt;strong&gt;Edit Cards project page&lt;/strong&gt;]].

– [[User:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) &amp; [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 11:12, 29 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2019 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Target_lists/VE_201910/5&amp;oldid=19500851 --&gt;

== Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project ==

Hello

The Wikimedia Foundation’s Community Development team is seeking to learn more about the way volunteers learn and develop into the many different roles that exist in the movement. Our goal is to build a movement informed framework that provides shared clarity and outlines accessible pathways on how to grow and develop skills within the movement. To this end, we are looking to speak with you, our community to learn about your journey as a Wikimedia volunteer. Whether you joined yesterday or have been here from the very start, we want to hear about the many ways volunteers join and contribute to our movement.

To learn more about the project, [[:m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Learning and Leadership Development Project|please visit the Meta page]]. If you are interested in participating in the project, please complete [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSegM07N1FK_s0VUECM61AlWOthwdn5zQOlVsa2vaKcx13BwZg/viewform?usp=sf_link this simple Google form]. Although we may not be able to speak to everyone who expresses interest, we encourage you to complete this short form if you are interested in participating!

-- [[user:LMiranda (WMF)|LMiranda (WMF)]] ([[user talk:LMiranda (WMF)|talk]]) 19:01, 22 Oṣù Kínní 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&amp;oldid=19738989 --&gt;

== Additional interface for edit conflicts on talk pages ==

''Sorry, for writing this text in English. If you could help to translate it, it would be appreciated.'' 

You might know the new interface for edit conflicts (currently a beta feature). Now, Wikimedia Germany is designing an additional interface to solve edit conflicts on talk pages. This interface is shown to you when you write on a discussion page and another person writes a discussion post in the same line and saves it before you do. With this additional editing conflict interface you can adjust the order of the comments and edit your comment.  We are inviting everyone to have a look at [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Edit Conflicts#Edit conflicts on talk pages|the planned feature]]. Let us know what you think on our [[mw:Help talk:Two Column Edit Conflict View|central feedback page]]! -- For the Technical Wishes Team: [[m:User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 14:15, 26 Oṣù Kejì 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Max Klemm (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=19845780 --&gt;


==Notification: Rollback &amp; Account Creator User Right==

Hello everyone

I apologize for posting in English. I am happy to inform you that &quot;Rollback&quot; and &quot;account creator&quot; user right has been deployed to this wiki following a successful request. You can now request for these rights and any administrator on Yoruba Wikipedia may grant it, following a successful request for permission at the relevant page. In the interim, request could be made directly to any administrator pending the development of the &quot;request for permission&quot; page. Thanks for all your contributions to Yoruba Wikipedia. Regards. [[User:T Cells|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;T Cells&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:T Cells|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 12:37, 6 Oṣù Kẹrin 2020 (UTC)
:I applaud this step as recognition of the Yoruba WP as a thriving, active project. Thanks to Admin [[User:T Cells|T Cells]] for initiating and promoting the process, so editors can contribute more productively and easily in maintaining good content. ''-- [[Oníṣe:Deborahjay|Deborahjay]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Deborahjay|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 15:00, 6 Oṣù Kẹrin 2020 (UTC)''

== Editing news 2020 #1 – Discussion tools ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

[[File:TalkPages-Reply-v1.0.png|thumb|300px|alt=Screenshot showing what the Reply tool looks like|This early version of the Reply tool automatically signs and indents comments.]]

The [[mw:Editing|Editing team]] has been working on [[mw:Talk pages project|the talk pages project]].  The goal of the talk pages project is to help contributors communicate on wiki more easily.  This project is the result of the [[mw:Talk pages consultation 2019|Talk pages consultation 2019]]. 

[[File:TalkPages-Reply-v2.0.png|thumb|300px|alt=Reply tool improved with edit tool buttons|In a future update, the team plans to test a tool for easily linking to another user's name, a rich-text editing option, and other tools.]]

The team is building a [[mw:Talk pages project/replying|new tool for replying]] to comments now.  This early version can sign and indent comments automatically.  &lt;strong&gt;Please [[mw:Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing#Reply%20version%201.0|test the new Reply tool]].&lt;/strong&gt;  

*On 31 March 2020, the new {{Int:discussiontools-replylink}} tool was offered as a [[mw:Beta Feature|Beta Feature]] editors at four Wikipedias:  [[w:ar:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Arabic]], [[w:nl:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Dutch]], [[w:fr:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|French]], and [[w:hu:Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Hungarian]].  If your community also wants early access to the new tool, contact [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)]].
*The team is planning some upcoming changes.  &lt;strong&gt;Please [[mw:Talk pages project/replying#Version%202.0|review the proposed design]] and share your thoughts on the talk page.&lt;/strong&gt;  The team will test features such as:
**an easy way to mention another editor (&quot;pinging&quot;), 
**a rich-text visual editing option, and 
**other features identified through user testing or recommended by editors.  

To hear more about Editing Team updates, please add your name to the [[mw:Talk pages project#Get involved|&lt;strong&gt;&quot;Get involved&quot;&lt;/strong&gt;]] section of the project page. You can also watch [[File:MediaWiki Vector skin blue star watchlist icon.svg|frameless|16px]] these pages: [[mw:Talk pages project|the main project page]], [[mw:Talk pages project/Updates|Updates]], [[mw:Talk pages project/replying|Replying]], and [[mw:Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing|User testing]].

– [[user:PPelberg (WMF)|PPelberg (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:PPelberg (WMF)|talk]]) &amp; [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 19:27, 8 Oṣù Kẹrin 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox3&amp;oldid=19967063 --&gt;


== Afrocuration project ==
Hi all, I am part of the Afrocuration project that creates articles relating to Covid-19. I will be creating a couple of articles. I unfortunately don't speak the language and the articles I'm posting is not created by my. I will add a &quot;Afrocuration&quot; comment on every page I create, and also the author's name. Please correct any mistakes. Kind regards [[Oníṣe:Dumbassman|Dumbassman]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Dumbassman|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 20:12, 30 Oṣù Kàrún 2020 (UTC)
:[[oníṣe:Dumbassman]], thanks for this information. However, I have deleted the article you created on face masks as it appears to have been translated by a machine. Yoruba Wikipedia does not allow machine translation. Please inform your translators to refrain from translating articles (contents) with machines. Regards. [[User:T Cells|&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;text-shadow:#009200 0.3em 0.4em 1.0em,#009200 -0.2em -0.2em 1.0em;color:#009200&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;T Cells&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:T Cells|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#ff0000&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Talk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 07:16, 31 Oṣù Kàrún 2020 (UTC)
::: Thanks a lot for the feedback. I will cease all editing until this is resolved. Kind Regards [[Oníṣe:Dumbassman|Dumbassman]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Dumbassman|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 12:02, 31 Oṣù Kàrún 2020 (UTC)

== Editing news 2020 #2 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/June|Read this in another language]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

[[File:TalkPages-Reply-v2.0.png|alt=Mockup of the new reply feature, showing new editing tools|thumb|400x400px|The new features include a toolbar.  [[mw:Talk:Talk pages project/replying|What do you think should be in the toolbar?]]]]

This issue of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing|Editing]] newsletter includes information the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|Talk pages project]], an effort to help contributors communicate on wiki more easily.

* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying|&lt;strong&gt;Reply tool&lt;/strong&gt;]]: This is available as a Beta Feature at the four partner wikis (Arabic, Dutch, French, and Hungarian Wikipedias).  The Beta Feature is called &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}&quot;.  The Beta Feature will get [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying#Version%202.0|new features]] soon.  The new features include writing comments in a new visual editing mode and pinging other users by typing &lt;code&gt;@&lt;/code&gt;. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/replying/prototype testing#Reply%20tool%20version%202.0|test the new features]] on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|Beta Cluster]] now.  Some other wikis will have a chance to try the Beta Feature in the coming months.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New requirements for user signatures|&lt;strong&gt;New requirements for user signatures&lt;/strong&gt;]]:  Soon, users will not be able to save invalid custom signatures in [[Special:Preferences]]. This will reduce signature spoofing, prevent page corruption, and make new talk page tools more reliable.  Most editors will not be affected.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion|&lt;strong&gt;New discussion tool&lt;/strong&gt;]]:  The Editing team is beginning work on a simpler process for starting new discussions.   You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/New discussion#Design|see the initial design on the project page]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Usage of talk pages|&lt;strong&gt;Research on the use of talk pages&lt;/strong&gt;]]:  The Editing team worked with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Research|Wikimedia research team]] to study how talk pages help editors improve articles.  We learned that new editors who use talk pages make more edits to the main namespace than new editors who don't use talk pages. 

– [[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 20:33, 17 Oṣù Kẹfà 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Trizek_(WMF)/sandbox/temp_MassMessage_list&amp;oldid=20184653 --&gt;

== Invitation to participate in the upcoming WPWP Campaign ==

Hello Wikipedians, 

This is to invite you to join the [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos|WPWP Campaign]] to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and win prizes. The campaign will run from 1st July 2020 to 31st August 2020. 

The campaign primarily aims at using images from Wikimedia Commons on Wikipedia articles that are lacking images. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photo images, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years.

Please visit the '''[[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos|campaign page]]''' to learn more about the WPWP Campaign.

With kind regards, 

Thank you, 

Deborah Schwartz Jacobs, Communities Liaison, On behalf of the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Organizing Team - 21:32, 18 Oṣù Kẹfà 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Hasley@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_Pages_Wanting_Photos/Distribution_list&amp;oldid=20190228 --&gt;

== Annual contest Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos ==

[[File:WPWP logo 1.png|150px|right|Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP)]]
This is to invite you to join the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP) campaign to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and win prizes. The campaign starts today 1st July 2020 and closes 31st August 2020.

The campaign primarily aims at using images from Wikimedia Commons on Wikipedia articles that are lacking images. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photo images, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years.

Please visit the '''[[m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos|campaign page]]''' to learn more about the WPWP Campaign.

With kind regards,

Thank you,

Deborah Schwartz Jacobs, Communities Liaison, On behalf of the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Organizing Team - 08:24, 1 Oṣù Keje 2020 (UTC)

''feel free to translate this message to your local language when this helps your community''
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Romaine@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Romaine/MassMessage&amp;oldid=20232618 --&gt;

== Feedback on movement names ==

{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{int:please-translate}} if necessary. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}

There are a lot of conversations happening about the future of our movement names. We hope that you are part of these discussions and that your community is represented.

Since 16 June, the Foundation Brand Team has been running a [https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9G2dN7P0T7gPqpD survey] in 7 languages about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project/Naming convention proposals|3 naming options]]. There are also community members sharing concerns about renaming in a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community open letter on renaming|Community Open Letter]]. 

Our goal in this call for feedback is to hear from across the community, so we encourage you to participate in the survey, the open letter, or both. The survey will go through 7 July in all timezones. Input from the survey and discussions will be analyzed and published on Meta-Wiki.

Thanks for thinking about the future of the movement, --[[:m:Talk:Communications/Wikimedia brands/2030 movement brand project|The Brand Project team]], 19:42, 2 Oṣù Keje 2020 (UTC)

''Note: The survey is conducted via a third-party service, which may subject it to additional terms. For more information on privacy and data-handling, see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Naming Convention Proposals Movement Feedback Survey Privacy Statement|survey privacy statement]].''
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/All_wikis_June_2020&amp;oldid=20238830 --&gt;

== Editing news 2020 #3 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;em&gt;[[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2020/July|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

[[File:50M@2x.png|thumb|alt=A gold star with a blue ribbon, and the text 50m|More than &lt;strong&gt;50 million edits&lt;/strong&gt; have been made using the visual editor on desktop.|400px]]

Seven years ago this month, the [[mw:Editing team|Editing team]] offered the visual editor to most Wikipedia editors.  Since then, editors have achieved many milestones:

* More than &lt;strong&gt;50 million edits&lt;/strong&gt; have been made using the visual editor on desktop.
* More than &lt;strong&gt;2 million new articles&lt;/strong&gt; have been created in the visual editor. More than 600,000 of these new articles were created during 2019.
* The visual editor is &lt;strong&gt;increasingly popular&lt;/strong&gt;.  The proportion of all edits made using the visual editor has increased every year since its introduction.
* In 2019, &lt;strong&gt;35% of the edits by newcomers&lt;/strong&gt; (logged-in editors with ≤99 edits) used the visual editor. This percentage has &lt;strong&gt;increased every year&lt;/strong&gt;.
* Almost &lt;strong&gt;5 million edits on the mobile site&lt;/strong&gt; have been made with the visual editor.  Most of these edits have been made since the Editing team started improving the [[mw:Mobile visual editor|mobile visual editor]] in 2018.
* On 17 November 2019, the [https://discuss-space.wmflabs.org/t/first-edit-made-to-wikipedia-from-outer-space/2254 &lt;strong&gt;first edit from outer space&lt;/strong&gt;] was made in the mobile visual editor. 🚀 👩‍🚀
* Editors have made more than &lt;strong&gt;7 million edits in the 2017 wikitext editor&lt;/strong&gt;, including starting &lt;strong&gt;600,000 new articles&lt;/strong&gt; in it.  The [[mw:2017 wikitext editor|2017 wikitext editor]] is VisualEditor's built-in wikitext mode.  You can [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|enable it in your preferences]].

[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])

&lt;/div&gt; 12:55, 9 Oṣù Keje 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=20232673 --&gt;

== Announcing a new wiki project! Welcome, Abstract Wikipedia ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

Hi all,

It is my honor to introduce Abstract Wikipedia, a new project that has been unanimously approved by the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. Abstract Wikipedia proposes a new way to generate baseline encyclopedic content in a multilingual fashion, allowing more contributors and more readers to share more knowledge in more languages. It is an approach that aims to make cross-lingual cooperation easier on our projects, increase the sustainability of our movement through expanding access to participation, improve the user experience for readers of all languages, and innovate in free knowledge by connecting some of the strengths of our movement to create something new.

This is our first new project in over seven years. Abstract Wikipedia was submitted as a project proposal by Denny Vrandečić in May 2020 &lt;ref&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]&lt;/ref&gt; after years of preparation and research, leading to a detailed plan and lively discussions in the Wikimedia communities. We know that the energy and the creativity of the community often runs up against language barriers, and information that is available in one language may not make it to other language Wikipedias. Abstract Wikipedia intends to look and feel like a Wikipedia, but build on the powerful, language-independent conceptual models of Wikidata, with the goal of letting volunteers create and maintain Wikipedia articles across our polyglot Wikimedia world.

The project will allow volunteers to assemble the fundamentals of an article using words and entities from Wikidata. Because Wikidata uses conceptual models that are meant to be universal across languages, it should be possible to use and extend these building blocks of knowledge to create models for articles that also have universal value. Using code, volunteers will be able to translate these abstract “articles” into their own languages. If successful, this could eventually allow everyone to read about any topic in Wikidata in their own language.

As you can imagine, this work will require a lot of software development, and a lot of cooperation among Wikimedians. In order to make this effort possible, Denny will join the Foundation as a staff member in July and lead this initiative. You may know Denny as the creator of Wikidata, a long-time community member, a former staff member at Wikimedia Deutschland, and a former Trustee at the Wikimedia Foundation &lt;ref&gt;[[m:User:Denny|User:Denny]]&lt;/ref&gt;. We are very excited that Denny will bring his skills and expertise to work on this project alongside the Foundation’s product, technology, and community liaison teams.

It is important to acknowledge that this is an experimental project, and that every Wikipedia community has different needs. This project may offer some communities great advantages. Other communities may engage less. Every language Wikipedia community will be free to choose and moderate whether or how they would use content from this project.

We are excited that this new wiki-project has the possibility to advance knowledge equity through increased access to knowledge. It also invites us to consider and engage with critical questions about how and by whom knowledge is constructed. We look forward to working in cooperation with the communities to think through these important questions.

There is much to do as we begin designing a plan for Abstract Wikipedia in close collaboration with our communities. I encourage you to get involved by going to the project page and joining the new mailing list &lt;ref&gt;[[mail:abstract-wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia mailing list]]&lt;/ref&gt;. We recognize that Abstract Wikipedia is ambitious, but we also recognize its potential. We invite you all to join us on a new, unexplored path.

Yours,

Katherine Maher (Executive Director, Wikimedia Foundation) 

&lt;references/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt; &lt;small&gt;Sent by [[:m:User:Elitre (WMF)]] 20:10, 9 Oṣù Keje 2020 (UTC) - '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/July 2020 announcement]]''' &lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/All_wikis_June_2020&amp;oldid=20265921 --&gt;

== Technical Wishes: FileExporter and FileImporter become default features on all Wikis ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
The [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileExporter and FileImporter]] will become a default features on all wikis until August 7, 2020. They are planned to help you to move files from your local wiki to Wikimedia Commons easier while keeping all original file information (Description, Source, Date, Author, View History) intact. Additionally, the move is documented in the files view history. 
How does it work? 

Step 1: If you are an auto-confirmed user, you will see a link &quot;Move file to Wikimedia Commons&quot; on the local file page. 

Step 2: When you click on this link, the FileImporter checks if the file can in fact be moved to Wikimedia Commons. These checks are performed based on the wiki's [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons/Configuration_file_documentation|configuration file]] which is created and maintained by each local wiki community. 

Step 3: If the file is compatible with Wikimedia Commons, you will be taken to an import page, at which you can update or add information regarding the file, such as the description. You can also add the 'Now Commons' template to the file on the local wiki by clicking the corresponding check box in the import form. Admins can delete the file from the local wiki by enabling the corresponding checkbox. By clicking on the 'Import' button at the end of the page, the file is imported to Wikimedia Commons. 

If you want to know more about the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Move_files_to_Commons|FileImporter extension]] or the [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes|Technical Wishes Project]], follow the links. --For the Technical Wishes Team: &lt;/div&gt;[[User:Max Klemm (WMDE)|Max Klemm (WMDE)]] 09:14, 6 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Max Klemm (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=20343133 --&gt;

== Important: maintenance operation on September 1st ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|{{int:please-translate}}]]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will be testing its secondary data centre.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic to the secondary data centre on '''Tuesday, September 1st 2020'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, September 1st. The test will start at [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20200901T14 14:00 UTC] (15:00 BST, 16:00 CEST, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday September 2).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of September 1st, 2020.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Schedule for 2018 switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this.  '''Please share this information with your community.''' 
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt; 13:49, 26 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20384955 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Collections Now Available (September 2020) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;


Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up for new accounts and research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/101/ Al Manhal]''' – Arabic journals and ebooks
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/102/ Ancestry.com]''' – Genealogical and historical records
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/100/ RILM]''' – Music encyclopedias

Many other partnerships are listed on [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ our partners page], including [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/49/ Adam Matthew], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO], [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/55/ Gale] and [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/54/ JSTOR].

A significant portion of our collection now no longer requires individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ recent blog post].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects!
&lt;br&gt;--[[w:en:Wikipedia:TWL/Coordinators|The Wikipedia Library Team]] 09:49, 3 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2020 (UTC)

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=20418180 --&gt;

== Invitation to participate in the conversation ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies for cross-posting, and that you may not be reading this message in your native language: translations of the following announcement may be available on '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review/Invitation (long version)|Meta]]'''. {{int:please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''

We are excited to share '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|a draft of the Universal Code of Conduct]]''', which the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees called for earlier this year, for your review and feedback. The discussion will be open until October 6, 2020.

The UCoC Drafting Committee wants to learn which parts of the draft would present challenges for you or your work. What is missing from this draft? What do you like, and what could be improved?

Please join the conversation and share this invitation with others who may be interested to join, too. 

To reduce language barriers during the process, you are welcomed to translate this message and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review|Universal Code of Conduct/Draft review]]. You and your community may choose to provide your opinions/feedback using your local languages.

To learn more about the UCoC project, see the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] page, and the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/FAQ|FAQ]], on Meta.

Thanks in advance for your attention and contributions, [[:m:Talk:Trust_and_Safety|The Trust and Safety team at Wikimedia Foundation]], 17:55, 10 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2020 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Draft_review/Invitation_(long_version)/List&amp;oldid=20440292 --&gt;

== Wiki of functions naming contest ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Please-translate}}

{{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Wikimedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki where the community can work together on a library of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract_Wikipedia/Wiki_of_functions_naming_contest#function|functions]]. The community can create new functions, read about them, discuss them, and share them. Some of these functions will be used to help create language-independent Wikipedia articles that can be displayed in any language, as part of the Abstract Wikipedia project. But functions will also be usable in many other situations.

There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with voting beginning on 29 September and 27 October. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on 8 December. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt; 21:23, 29 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/Global_message_delivery_split_5&amp;oldid=20492309 --&gt;

== Call for feedback about Wikimedia Foundation Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}.

Today the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees starts two calls for feedback. One is about changes to the Bylaws mainly to increase the Board size from 10 to 16 members. The other one is about a trustee candidate rubric to introduce new, more effective ways to evaluate new Board candidates. The Board welcomes your comments through 26 October. For more details, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard/October 2020 - Call for feedback about Bylaws changes and Board candidate rubric|check the full announcement]].

{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[m:User:Qgil-WMF|Qgil-WMF]] ([[m:User talk:Qgil-WMF|talk]]) 17:17, 7 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2020 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Board&amp;oldid=20519859 --&gt;

== Important: maintenance operation on October 27 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, October 27. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1603807200 14:00 UTC] (14:00 WET, 15:00 CET, 10:00 EDT, 19:30 IST, 07:00 PDT, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 03:00 NZDT on Wednesday October 28).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of October 26, 2020.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2020_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; -- &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]])&lt;/span&gt;  17:11, 21 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20519839 --&gt;

== Wiki of functions naming contest - Round 2 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Hello}}.
Reminder: Please help to choose the name for the new Wikimedia wiki project - the library of functions. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikicode, Wikicodex, Wikifunctions, Wikifusion, Wikilambda, Wikimedia Functions&lt;/span&gt;. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wiki of functions naming contest/Names|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]
&lt;/div&gt; 22:10, 5 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20564572 --&gt;

== [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Invitation|Community Wishlist Survey 2021]] ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]]
The '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]''' is now open!
This survey is the process where communities decide what the [[m:Community Tech|Community Tech]] team should work on over the next year. We encourage everyone to submit proposals until the deadline on '''{{#time:j xg|2020-11-30|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}''', or comment on other proposals to help make them better.
The communities will vote on the proposals between {{#time:j xg|2020-12-08|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}} and {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|{{PAGELANGUAGE}}}}.

The Community Tech team is focused on tools for experienced Wikimedia editors.
You can write proposals in any language, and we will translate them for you. Thank you, and we look forward to seeing your proposals!
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]&lt;/span&gt;

18:09, 20 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/1&amp;oldid=20689939 --&gt;

== Wikidata descriptions changes to be included more often in Recent Changes and Watchlist ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
''Sorry for sending this message in English. Translations are available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Announcements/Announcement Wikidata descriptions in watchlist|this page]]. Feel free to translate it in more languages!''

As you may know, you can include changes coming from Wikidata in your Watchlist and Recent Changes ([[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist|in your preferences]]). Until now, this feature didn’t always include changes made on Wikidata descriptions due to the way Wikidata tracks the data used in a given article.

Starting on December 3rd, the Watchlist and Recent Changes will include changes on the descriptions of Wikidata Items that are used in the pages that you watch. This will only include descriptions in the language of your wiki to make sure that you’re only seeing changes that are relevant to your wiki.

This improvement was requested by many users from different projects. We hope that it can help you monitor the changes on Wikidata descriptions that affect your wiki and participate in the effort of improving the data quality on Wikidata for all Wikimedia wikis and beyond.

Note: if you didn’t use the Wikidata watchlist integration feature for a long time, feel free to give it another chance! The feature has been improved since the beginning and the content it displays is more precise and useful than at the beginning of the feature in 2015.

If you encounter any issue or want to provide feedback, feel free to use [[Phab:T191831|this Phabricator ticket]]. Thanks!

[[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 14:39, 30 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2020 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Lea_Lacroix_(WMDE)/wikis&amp;oldid=20728482 --&gt;

== 2020 Coolest Tool Award Ceremony on December 11th ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello all,

The ceremony of the 2020 [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|Wikimedia Coolest Tool Award]] will take place virtually on Friday, December 11th, at 17:00 GMT. This award is highlighting tools that have been nominated by contributors to the Wikimedia projects, and the ceremony will be a nice moment to show appreciation to the tools developers and maybe discover new tools!

You will find more information [[m:Coolest_Tool_Award|here]] about the livestream and the discussions channels. Thanks for your attention, [[:d:User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)|Lea Lacroix (WMDE)]] 10:55, 7 Oṣù Kejìlá 2020 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Lea Lacroix (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20734978 --&gt;

== Community Wishlist Survey 2021 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|thumb|48px]]
'''We invite all registered users to vote on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|2021 Community Wishlist Survey]]. You can vote from now until {{#time:j xg|2020-12-21|en}} for as many different wishes as you want.'''

In the Survey, wishes for new and improved tools for experienced editors are collected. After the voting, we will do our best to grant your wishes. We will start with the most popular ones.

We, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]], are one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] teams. We create and improve editing and wiki moderation tools. What we work on is decided based on results of the Community Wishlist Survey. Once a year, you can submit wishes. After two weeks, you can vote on the ones that you're most interested in. Next, we choose wishes from the survey to work on. Some of the wishes may be granted by volunteer developers or other teams.

'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Tracking|You can view and vote all proposals here.]]'''

We are waiting for your votes. Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt;
[[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]

00:52, 15 Oṣù Kejìlá 2020 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/1&amp;oldid=20689939 --&gt;

== Moving Wikimania 2021 to a Virtual Event ==

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimania_logo_with_text_2.svg|right|alt=Wikimania's logo.|75px]]

''{{int:Hello}}. Apologies if you are not reading this message in your native language. {{Int:Please-translate}}. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}''

[[:m:Wikimania 2021|Wikimania will be a virtual event this year]], and hosted by a wide group of community members. Whenever the next in-person large gathering is possible again, [[:m:ESEAP Hub|the ESEAP Core Organizing Team]] will be in charge of it. Stay tuned for more information about how ''you'' can get involved in the planning
process and other aspects of the event. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikimedia-l/2021-January/096141.html Please read the longer version of this announcement on wikimedia-l]. 

''ESEAP Core Organizing Team, Wikimania Steering Committee, Wikimedia Foundation Events Team'', 15:16, 27 Oṣù Kínní 2021 (UTC) 
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Elitre_(WMF)/Wikimania21&amp;oldid=21014617 --&gt;

== Project Grant Open Call ==

This is the announcement for the [[m:Grants:Project|Project Grants program]] open call that started on January 11, with the submission deadline of February 10, 2021.&lt;br&gt; This first open call will be focussed on Community Organizing proposals. A second open call focused on research and software proposals is scheduled from February 15 with a submission deadline of March 16, 2021.&lt;br&gt;

For the Round 1 open call, we invite you to propose grant applications that fall under community development and organizing (offline and online) categories. Project Grant funds are available to support individuals, groups, and organizations to implement new experiments and proven ideas, from organizing a better process on your wiki, coordinating a campaign or editathon series to providing other support for community building.  We offer the following resources to help you plan your project and complete a grant proposal:&lt;br&gt;

* Weekly proposals clinics via Zoom during the Open Call. Join us for [[m:Grants:Project|#Upcoming_Proposal_Clinics|real-time discussions]] with Program Officers and select thematic experts and get live feedback about your Project Grants proposal. We’ll answer questions and help you make your proposal better. We also offer these support pages to help you build your proposal:
* [[m:Grants:Project/Tutorial|Video tutorials]] for writing a strong application&lt;br&gt;
* General [[m:Grants:Project/Plan|planning page]] for Project Grants &lt;br&gt;
* [[m:Grants:Project/Learn|Program guidelines and criteria]]&lt;br&gt;

Program officers are also available to offer individualized proposal support upon request. Contact us if you would like feedback or more information.&lt;br&gt;

We are excited to see your grant ideas that will support our community and make an impact on the future of Wikimedia projects. Put your idea into motion, and [[m:Grants:Project/Apply|submit your proposal]] by February 10, 2021!&lt;br&gt;

Please feel free to get in touch with questions about getting started with your grant application, or about serving on the Project Grants Committee. Contact us at projectgrants{{at}}wikimedia.org. Please help us translate this message to your local language. [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 08:01, 28 Oṣù Kínní 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RSharma (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=20808431 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now (February 2021) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] is announcing new free, full-access, accounts to reliable sources as part of our [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ research access program]. You can sign up to access research materials on the [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ Library Card platform]: 
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/103/ Taxmann]''' – Taxation and law database
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/104/ PNAS]''' – Official journal of the National Academy of Sciences
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/57/ EBSCO]''' – New Arabic and Spanish language databases added

We have a wide array of [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/ other collections available], and a significant number now no longer require individual applications to access! Read more in our [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2020/06/24/simplifying-your-research-needs-the-wikipedia-library-launches-new-technical-improvements-and-partnerships/ blog post].

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects!

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
--12:57, 1 Oṣù Kejì 2021 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=21022367 --&gt;

== Feminism &amp; Folklore 1 February - 31 March ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

Greetings! 

You are invited to participate in '''[[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|Feminism and Folklore]] writing contest'''. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia. folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, etc.

You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles centered on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch-hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2021/List of Articles|suggested articles here]]. 

You can also support us in translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. 

Learn more about the contest and prizes from our [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2021|project page]]. Thank you. 

Feminism and Folklore team,

[[m:User:Joy Agyepong|Joy Agyepong]] ([[m:User talk:Joy Agyepong|talk]]) 02:40, 16 Oṣù Kejì 2021 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=20421065 --&gt;

== Wikifunctions logo contest ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:Hello}}. Please help to choose a design concept for the logo of the new Wikifunctions wiki. Voting starts today and will be open for 2 weeks. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Wikifunctions logo concept/Vote|please learn more and vote now]]''' at Meta-Wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} --[[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]]&lt;/div&gt; 01:47, 2 Oṣù Kẹta 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21087740 --&gt;

== Ìpele Ìkejì Àlàkalẹ̀ Gbogboògbọ̀ fún Ìhùwàsí ==

[[:wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''Àlàkalẹ̀ Gbogboògbò fún Ìhùwàsí (UCoC)''']] yìí ṣ'ètò ìpelẹ̀sẹ̀ iwà tí ó bójú mu fún àjọṣepọ̀ Wikimedia àti àwọn iṣẹ́ àkànṣe rẹ̀ẹ̀. kárí àgbáyé. Iṣẹ́ yìí wà ni ipele ìkejì lọ́wọ́, pẹ̀lú ìjíròrò lóri bí a ṣelè gbé òfin yìí ró. O lè kà si lóri iṣẹ́ yìí nípa lílọ sí [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|'''ojú-ewé rẹẹ̀''']].

===Ìgbìmọ̀ Abánikọ:Ìpè fún ìdarapọ̀===

Wikimedia Foundation ngba àwọn olùfarajìn lọ́wọ́ láti darapọ̀ mọ́ ìgbìmọ̀ tí yíò kọ bí a ṣelè gbé òfin UCoC ró. Àwọn olùfarajìn lórí ìgbìmọ̀ yìí yó jọ̀wọ́ láàrin wákàtí méjì sí mẹ́fà lọ́sọ̀ọ̀sẹ̀, láti oṣù kẹ́rin títí dé oṣù kéje, àti láti oṣù kẹ́wà sí oṣù kọ́kànlá. Ó ṣe pàtàkì fún ìgbìmọ̀ yìí láti ní onírúurú ènìyàn, tí ó ní oríṣiríṣi ìrírí, yálà àwọn oníṣé tí óti pẹ́ nínú àjọṣepọ̀ yìí tàbí àwọn tí ó ṣẹ̀ darapọ̀, àti àwọn tí ó ti jẹ́ olùfaragba ìyọnu lọ́nà kan tàbí òmíràn, pẹ̀lú àwọn tí ati fi èsùn èké ìyọlẹ́nu kàn.

Láti f'orúkọ sílẹ̀ tàbí mọ̀ si nípa ètò yìí, wo [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Drafting committee|Àlàkalẹ̀ Gbogboògbọ̀ fún Ìhùwàsí/Ìgbìmọ̀ Abánikọ]]

===Ìjíròrò 2021: Àkíyèsí àti ìpè fún àwọn olùfarajìn/onítúmọ̀===

Láti 5 April - 5 May 2021, àwọn ìjíròrò yí ò wáyé nínu ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn iṣẹ́ àkànṣẹ Wikimedia lórí ìgbófinró UCoC. À nwá  àwọn olùfarajìn láti túnmọ̀ àwọn ohun èlò pàtàkì àti láti darí àwọn ìjíròrò ní èdè tàbí iṣẹ́ Wikimedia wọn nípa lílo [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations/Discussion|àwọn ìbéèrè pàtàkì]] tí a dá lábàá. Tí ó bá wù ọ́ láti farajìn fún ọ̀kan lára àwọn ipọ̀ wọ̀nyí, jọ̀wọ́ [[:m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|késí wa]] nínú irú èdè tí ó bá rọrùn fún ọ.

Láti mọ̀ si nípa iṣẹ́ yìí àti àwọ̀n ìjíròrò míràn tí o nlọ lọ́wọ́, wo [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/2021 consultations|Àlàkalẹ̀ Gbogboògbọ̀ fún Ìhùwàsí/Àwọ̀n ìjíròrò 2021]].

-- [[User:SOyeyele (WMF)|SOyeyele (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SOyeyele (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 20:37, 5 Oṣù Kẹrin 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SOyeyele (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SOyeyele_(WMF)/Announcements/Yoruba&amp;oldid=21301146 --&gt;

== Improving the translation support for Yoruba Wikipedia ==

{{Int:Hello}}!

Apologies as this message is not in your native language, {{Int:Please-translate}}.

[https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation Content translation] has been successful in supporting the translation process on many Wikipedia communities, and we want to help additional wikis with the potential to grow using translation as part of [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Boost a new initiative].


Content translation facilitates the creation of Wikipedia articles by translating content from other languages. It has been used already to create more than half a million articles. In addition, the tool provides [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Content_translation/Translating/Translation_quality mechanisms to encourage the creation of good quality content], preventing the publication of lightly edited machine translations. In general, our analysis shows that the translations produced are [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Deletion_statistics_comparison less likely to be deleted than the articles started from scratch].


Yoruba Wikipedia editors have used Content translation to create [https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0t%C3%A0k%C3%AC:ContentTranslationStats more than eight hundred and ninety articles]. Given the size of your editing community, we think that there is potential to use translation to create more articles, expand existing ones, and attract new editors that learn how to make productive edits. Translation can help the community to reduce the language gap with other languages and grow the number of editors in a sustainable way. In order to achieve this goal, we want to collaborate with you to make Content translation more visible in the Yoruba Wikipedia and support new ways to translate.


As a first step, during the next weeks, we plan to enable Content translation by default on Yoruba Wikipedia. That will make it easy for users to discover the tool [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Content_translation/Starting through several entry points]. However, users not interested in translation will still be able to disable it from their preferences.


Please feel free to share any comment in this conversation thread.


Thanks! 

[[Oníṣe:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:UOzurumba (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 09:28, 8 Oṣù Kẹrin 2021 (UTC)

== Line numbering coming soon to all wikis ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  

[[File:Technical_Wishes_–_Line_numbering_-_2010_wikitext_editor.png|thumb|Example]]
From April 15, you can enable line numbering in some wikitext editors - for now in the template namespace, coming to more namespaces soon. This will make it easier to detect line breaks and to refer to a particular line in discussions. These numbers will be shown if you enable the syntax highlighting feature ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror extension]]), which is supported in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor|2010]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017]] wikitext editors. 

More information can be found on [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|this project page]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Line Numbering|on this talk page]].
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 15:09, 12 Oṣù Kẹrin 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=21329014 --&gt;

== Suggested Values ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  

From April 29, it will be possible to suggest values for parameters in templates. Suggested values can be added to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData|TemplateData]] and will then be shown as a drop-down list in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide|VisualEditor]]. This allows template users to quickly select an appropriate value. This way, it prevents potential errors and reduces the effort needed to fill the template with values. It will still be possible to fill in values other than the suggested ones.

More information, including the supported parameter types and how to create suggested values: [[mw:Help:TemplateData#suggestedvalues|[1]]] [[m:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Suggested_values_for_template_parameters|[2]]]. Everyone is invited to test the feature, and to give feedback [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Suggested values for template parameters|on this talk page]].

&lt;/div&gt; [[m:User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)|Timur Vorkul (WMDE)]] 14:09, 22 Oṣù Kẹrin 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Timur Vorkul (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=21361904 --&gt;

== Invitation for Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2021 ==

Hello there,

We are inviting you to participate in '''[[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2021|Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2021]]''', a global contest scheduled to run from July through August 2021.

Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photo images, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years.

In its first year (2020), 36 Wikimedia communities in 27 countries joined the campaign. Events relating to the campaign included training organized by at least 18 Wikimedia communities in 14 countries.

The campaign resulted in the addition of media files (photos, audios and videos) to more than 90,000 Wikipedia articles in 272 languages.

Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP) offers an ideal task for recruiting and guiding new editors through the steps of adding content to existing pages. Besides individual participation, the WPWP campaign can be used by user groups and chapters to organize editing workshops and edit-a-thons.

The organizing team is looking for a contact person to coordinate WPWP participation at the Wikimedia user group or chapter level (geographically or thematically) or for a language WP. We’d be glad for you to reply to this message, or sign up directly at [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2021/Participating Communities#Wikimedia affiliate communities|WPWP Participating Communities]].

Please feel free to contact [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2021/Organizing Team|Organizing Team]] if you have any query.

Kind regards,&lt;br/&gt;
[[User:Tulsi Bhagat|Tulsi Bhagat]]&lt;br/&gt;
Communication Manager&lt;br/&gt;
Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Campaign&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Message delivered by [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 06:24, 2 Oṣù Kàrún 2021 (UTC)&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tulsi Bhagat@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_Pages_Wanting_Photos/Distribution_list&amp;oldid=21414265 --&gt;

== Universal Code of Conduct News – Issue 1 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;div style = &quot;line-height: 1.2&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:200%;&quot;&gt;'''Ìròyìn Àlàkalẹ̀ Gbogboògbò fún Ìhùwàsí'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; color:#404040;&quot;&gt;'''Abala àkọ́kọ́, Oṣù kẹ́fà 2021'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:120%; float:right;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1|'''Ka ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́ ìròyìn''']]&lt;/span&gt;
----
A kí yin káàbọ̀ sí abala àkọ́kọ́ Ìròyìn [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Àlàkalẹ̀ Gbogboògbò fún Ìhùwàsí]]! Ìwé ìròyìn yìí yio ran àwọn ará àjọṣepọ̀ Wikimedia lọ́wọ́ láti mọ àwọn ohun tó nṣẹlẹ̀ lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ lórí ìlànà yìí àti bí wọ́n ṣe lè túnbọ̀ kọ́pa nínú ètò náà. A ó tún pín àwọn ìròyìn, ìwádìí, àti àwọn àpèjọ tó jọmọ́ UCoC tó nbọ̀ lọ́nà.

Ẹ jọ̀wọ́ kí è si wípé, èyí ni abala àkọ́kọ́ ìwé-ìròyìn UCoC, tí a fi ránṣẹ́ sí gbogbo àwọn olùfọrúkọ sílẹ̀ àti gbogbo abẹ́-igi iṣẹ́-àkànṣe, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkéde fún ètò ìròyìn yìí. Tí ẹ bá fẹ́ kí a fi àwọn abala tó nbọ̀ ránṣẹ́ sí ojú-ewé ọ̀rọ̀ yin, abẹ́ igi iṣẹ́-àkànṣe yín, tàbí ojú-ewé ké'wé tó tọ̀nà, ẹ fi orúkọ yín tàbí ti ojú-ewé náà [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/UCoC Newsletter Subscription|kalẹ̀ sí bí]].

E lè ràn wá lọ́wọ́ láti ma túnmọ̀ àwọn abala ìwé-ìròyìn yìí sí èdè ìbílẹ̀ yín, kí a lè pólóngó ìròyìn nípa ìlànà yìí, kí a sì pèsè àbò fún gbogbo wa nínú àjọṣepọ̀ tí gbogbo wa fẹ́ràn yìí. Ẹ jọ̀wọ́ fi orúkọ yín sílẹ̀ [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/Participate|níbí]] tí ẹ bá fẹ́ kí a ké sí yín fún ìtumọ̀ àwọn abala ìwé ìròyìn wa, kí a tó tẹ̀ wọ́n jádèe. Ìkópa yín ṣe pàtàkì fún wa.
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:3px; padding:10px 10px 10px 20px; background:#fffff; border:2px solid #808080; border-radius:4px; font-size:100%;&quot;&gt;

* '''Àwọn ìkànsí àti ìjíròrò àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ Wikimedia''' – A fi ìpè ránṣẹ́ sí àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ Wikimedia ní oríṣiríṣi ìwọ̀n àti irú àti ìrírí láti kọ́pa nínú àwọn ìjíròrò ati ìkànsí UCoC ní oṣù kẹ́ta títí dé oṣù kẹrìn 2021. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec1|ka ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́]])
* '''Àwọn ìkànsí àti ìjíròrò gbòógì 2021''' – Wikimedia Foundation ṣ'ètò ìjíròrò àwọn ìbéèrè ìgbófìnró ní oṣù kẹ́rìn àti oṣù káàrún 2021, láti gba èsì kalẹ̀ lórí ìgbófìnró UCoC lát'ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ará àjọṣepọ̀ Wikimedia. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec2|ka ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́]])
* '''Àwọn ìpàdé ìjíròrò''' – Àwọn olùṣètò UCoC ṣ'ètò ìpàdé ìjíròrò gbangba méjì tí ó wáyé fún ìṣẹ́jú àádọ̀rún ní oṣù káàrún 2021 láti jíròrò lórí àwọn ìbéèrè gbóògì ìgbófìnró fún UCoC. Àwọn ìpàdé míìràn sì tún nbọ̀ lọ́nà. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec3|ka ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́]])
* '''Ìgbìmọ̀ fún kíkọ ipele ìkejì''' – Ìgbìmọ̀ fún kíkọ ipele ìkejì ti UCoC bẹ̀ẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù káàrún 2021. Kà síbẹ̀ si lórí iṣẹ́ wọn.([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec4|ka ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́]])
* '''Búlọ́ọ̀gì Diff''' – Àwọn olùṣètò UCoC kọ oríṣiríṣi búlọ́ọ̀gì lórí àwọn àkíyèsí àti èsì tí wọ́n rí gbà lát'ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ará àjọṣepọ̀ ìbílẹ̀ tí wọ́n kàn sí ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ odún 2021. ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Newsletter/1#sec5|ka ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́]])&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;ucoc-newsletter&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SOyeyele (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SOyeyele_(WMF)/Announcements/Yoruba&amp;oldid=21301146 --&gt;

== Wikimania 2021: Individual Program Submissions ==

[[File:Wikimania logo with text 2.svg|right|200px]]
Dear all,

Wikimania 2021 will be [[:wikimania:2021:Save the date and the Core Organizing Team|hosted virtually]] for the first time in the event's 15-year history. Since there is no in-person host, the event is being organized by a diverse group of Wikimedia volunteers that form the [[:wikimania:2021:Organizers|Core Organizing Team]] (COT) for Wikimania 2021.

'''Event Program''' - Individuals or a group of individuals can submit their session proposals to be a part of the program. There will be translation support for sessions provided in a number of languages. See more information [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions/Guidelines#Language Accessibility|here]].

Below are some links to guide you through;
* [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions|Program Submissions]]
* [[:wikimania:2021:Submissions/Guidelines|Session Submission Guidelines]]
* [[:wikimania:2021:FAQ|FAQ]]

Please note that the deadline for submission is 18th June 2021. 

'''Announcements'''- To keep up to date with the developments around Wikimania, the COT sends out weekly updates. You can view them in the Announcement section [[:wikimania:2021:Announcements|here]]. 

'''Office Hour''' - If you are left with questions, the COT will be hosting some office hours (in multiple languages), in multiple time-zones, to answer any programming questions that you might have.  Details can be found [[:wikimania:2021:Organizers#Office hours schedule|here.]]

Best regards,

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 04:18, 16 Oṣù Kẹfà 2021 (UTC)

On behalf of Wikimania 2021 Core Organizing Team
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Bodhisattwa@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=21597568 --&gt;

== Editing news 2021 #2 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2021/June|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/em&gt;

[[File:Reply Tool A-B test comment completion.png|alt=Junior contributors comment completion rate across all participating Wikipedias|thumb|296x296px|When newcomers had the Reply tool and tried to post on a talk page, they were more successful at posting a comment. ([https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ Source])]]

Earlier this year, the Editing team ran a large study of [[mw:Talk pages project/Replying|the Reply Tool]].  The main goal was to find out whether the Reply Tool helped [[mw:Talk pages project/Glossary|newer editors]] communicate on wiki.  The second goal was to see whether the comments that newer editors made using the tool needed to be reverted more frequently than comments newer editors made with the existing wikitext page editor.

The key results were:

* Newer editors who had automatic (&quot;default on&quot;) access to the Reply tool were [https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ more likely] to post a comment on a talk page.
* The comments that newer editors made with the Reply Tool were also [https://wikimedia-research.github.io/Reply-tools-analysis-2021/ less likely] to be reverted than the comments that newer editors made with page editing.

These results give the Editing team confidence that the tool is helpful.

&lt;strong&gt;Looking ahead&lt;/strong&gt;

The team is planning to make the Reply tool available to everyone as an opt-out preference in the coming months.  This has already happened at the Arabic, Czech, and Hungarian Wikipedias.

The next step is to [[phab:T280599|resolve a technical challenge]]. Then, they will deploy the Reply tool first to the [[phab:T267379|Wikipedias that participated in the study]].  After that, they will deploy it, in stages, to the other Wikipedias and all WMF-hosted wikis.

You can turn on &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|in Beta Features]] now.  After you get the Reply tool, you can change your preferences at any time in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].

–[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt; 14:14, 24 Oṣù Kẹfà 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Elitre (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=21624491 --&gt;

== Server switch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch 2020|Read this message in another language]]  •  [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch+2020&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers.  This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. &lt;!--

 They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, October 27 2020'''. --&gt;

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made.  We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 29 June 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1624975200 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST,  23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday 30 June).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message.  We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it.  If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal.  Then you should be able to save your edit.  But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
*There will be code freezes for the week of June 28.  Non-essential code deployments will not happen.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter#Schedule_for_2021_switch|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule.  There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] 01:19, 27 Oṣù Kẹfà 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21463754 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library collections and design update (August 2021) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL OWL says log in today!]]
[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/users/my_library/ The Wikipedia Library] is pleased to announce the addition of new collections, alongside a new interface design. New collections include:
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/107/ Cabells]''' – Scholarly and predatory journal database
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/108/ Taaghche]''' -  Persian language e-books
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/112/ Merkur]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/111/ Musik &amp; Ästhetik]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/110/ Psychologie, Psychotherapie, Psychoanalyse]''' - German language magazines and journals published by Klett-Cotta
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/117/ Art Archiv]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/113/ Capital]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/115/ Geo]''', '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/116/ Geo Epoche]''', and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/114/ Stern]''' - German language newspapers and magazines published by Gruner + Jahr

Additionally, '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/105/ De Gruyter]''' and '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/106/ Nomos]''' have been centralised from their previous on-wiki signup location on the German Wikipedia. Many other collections are freely available by simply logging in to [https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/ The Wikipedia Library] with your Wikimedia login!

We are also excited to announce that the first version of a new design for My Library was deployed this week. We will be iterating on this design with more features over the coming weeks. Read more on the [[:m:Library Card platform/Design improvements|project page on Meta]].

Lastly, an Echo notification will begin rolling out soon to notify eligible editors about the library ([[Phab:T132084|T132084]]). If you can translate the notification please do so [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=ext-thewikipedialibrary at TranslateWiki]!

--The Wikipedia Library Team 13:23, 11 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2021 (UTC)

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=21851699 --&gt;

== The 2022 Community Wishlist Survey will happen in January ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello everyone,

We hope all of you are as well and safe as possible during these trying times! We wanted to share some news about a change to the Community Wishlist Survey 2022. We would like to hear your opinions as well.

Summary:

&lt;div style=&quot;font-style:italic;&quot;&gt;
We will be running the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]] 2022 in January 2022. We need more time to work on the 2021 wishes. We also need time to prepare some changes to the Wishlist 2022. In the meantime, you can use a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|dedicated sandbox to leave early ideas for the 2022 wishes]].
&lt;/div&gt;

=== Proposing and wish-fulfillment will happen during the same year ===

In the past, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] team has run the Community Wishlist Survey for the following year in November of the prior year. For example, we ran the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021|Wishlist for 2021]] in November 2020. That worked well a few years ago. At that time, we used to start working on the Wishlist soon after the results of the voting were published.

However, in 2021, there was a delay between the voting and the time when we could start working on the new wishes. Until July 2021, we were working on wishes from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2020|Wishlist for 2020]].

We hope having the Wishlist 2022 in January 2022 will be more intuitive. This will also give us time to fulfill more wishes from the 2021 Wishlist.

=== Encouraging wider participation from historically excluded communities ===

We are thinking how to make the Wishlist easier to participate in. We want to support more translations, and encourage under-resourced communities to be more active. We would like to have some time to make these changes.

=== A new space to talk to us about priorities and wishes not granted yet ===

We will have gone 365 days without a Wishlist. We encourage you to approach us. We hope to hear from you in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]], but we also hope to see you at our bi-monthly Talk to Us meetings! These will be hosted at two different times friendly to time zones around the globe.

We will begin our first meeting '''September 15th at 23:00 UTC'''. More details about the agenda and format coming soon!

=== Brainstorm and draft proposals before the proposal phase ===

If you have early ideas for wishes, you can use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|new Community Wishlist Survey sandbox]]. This way, you will not forget about these before January 2022. You will be able to come back and refine your ideas. Remember, edits in the sandbox don't count as wishes!

=== Feedback ===
* What should we do to improve the Wishlist pages?
* How would you like to use our new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|sandbox?]]
* What, if any, risks do you foresee in our decision to change the date of the Wishlist 2022?
* What will help more people participate in the Wishlist 2022?

Answer on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|talk page]] (in any language you prefer) or at our Talk to Us meetings.
&lt;/div&gt;

[[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 00:23, 7 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21980442 --&gt;

== Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee ending 14 September 2021 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;Movement Strategy announces [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee|the Call for Candidates for the Movement Charter Drafting Committee]]. The Call opens August 2, 2021 and closes September 14, 2021.

The Committee is expected to represent [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Diversity_and_Expertise_Matrices|diversity in the Movement]]. Diversity includes gender, language, geography, and experience. This comprises participation in projects, affiliates, and the Wikimedia Foundation.

English fluency is not required to become a member. If needed, translation and interpretation support is provided. Members will receive an allowance to offset participation costs. It is US$100 every two months.

We are looking for people who have some of the following [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Role_Requirements|skills]]:

* Know how to write collaboratively. (demonstrated experience is a plus) 
* Are ready to find compromises. 
* Focus on inclusion and diversity. 
* Have knowledge of community consultations. 
* Have intercultural communication experience. 
* Have governance or organization experience in non-profits or communities. 
* Have experience negotiating with different parties. 

The Committee is expected to start with 15 people. If there are 20 or more candidates, a mixed election and selection process will happen. If there are 19 or fewer candidates, then the process of selection without election takes place.

Will you help move Wikimedia forward in this important role? Submit your candidacy [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee#Candidate_Statements|here]]. Please contact strategy2030[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with questions.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 17:02, 10 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Xeno_(WMF)/Delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=22002240 --&gt;

== Server switch ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

They will switch all traffic back to the primary data center on '''Tuesday, 14 September 2021'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on Tuesday, 14 September 2021. The test will start at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1631628049 14:00 UTC] (07:00 PDT, 10:00 EDT, 15:00 WEST/BST, 16:00 CEST, 19:30 IST, 23:00 JST, and in New Zealand at 02:00 NZST on Wednesday, 15 September).
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; [[user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[user talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 00:45, 11 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21980442 --&gt;

== Talk to the Community Tech ==

[[File:Magic Wand Icon 229981 Color Flipped.svg|{{dir|{{pagelang}}|left|right}}|frameless|50px]]

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates/2021-09 Talk to Us|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Community_Wishlist_Survey/Updates/2021-09_Talk_to_Us&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

Hello!

As we have [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|recently announced]], we, the team working on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]], would like to invite you to an online meeting with us. It will take place on [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?iso=20210915T2300 '''September 15th, 23:00 UTC'''] on Zoom, and will last an hour. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 '''Click here to join'''].

'''Agenda'''

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Status report 1#Prioritization Process|How we prioritize the wishes to be granted]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Updates|Why we decided to change the date]] from November 2021 to January 2022
* Update on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Warn when linking to disambiguation pages|disambiguation]] and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Real Time Preview for Wikitext|real-time preview]] wishes
* Questions and answers

'''Format'''

The meeting will not be recorded or streamed. Notes without attribution will be taken and published on Meta-Wiki. The presentation (first three points in the agenda) will be given in English.

We can answer questions asked in English, French, Polish, and Spanish. If you would like to ask questions in advance, add them [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey|on the Community Wishlist Survey talk page]] or send to sgrabarczuk@wikimedia.org.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:NRodriguez (WMF)|Natalia Rodriguez]] (the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Tech|Community Tech]] manager) will be hosting this meeting.

'''Invitation link'''

* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/j/89828615390 Join online]
* Meeting ID: 898 2861 5390
* One tap mobile
** +16465588656,,89828615390# US (New York)
** +16699006833,,89828615390# US (San Jose)
* [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/u/kctR45AI8o Dial by your location]

See you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 03:04, 11 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2021 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=21980442 --&gt;

== Select You the question statements for candidates of Drafting Committee Movement Charter ==

Into 2021-10-04 11:59:59 UTC you can select [[:m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Election Compass Statements|question statements]] for the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Candidates|candidates]] of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee|Drafting Committee]] [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter|Movement Charter]]. ✍️ [[Oníṣe:Dušan Kreheľ|Dušan Kreheľ]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Dušan Kreheľ|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 23:39, 29 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2021 (UTC)

== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

Greetings! You are invited to participate in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competion. This year Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics for the project in league with Wiki Loves Folklore gender gap focus with folk culture theme on Wikipedia.

You can help us in enriching the folklore documentation on Wikipedia from your region by creating or improving articles focused on folklore around the world, including, but not limited to folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer personalities in folklore, folk culture (folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more. You can contribute to new articles or translate from the list of suggested articles [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/List of Articles|here]].

You can also support us in organizing the contest on your local Wikipedia by signing up your community to participate in this project and also translating the [[m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|project page]] and help us spread the word in your native language. 

Learn more about the contest and prizes from our project page. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2022|talk page]] or via Email if you need any assistance... 

Thank you.

'''Feminism and Folklore Team''',

[[User:Tiven2240|Tiven2240]]
--05:49, 11 Oṣù Kínní 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Tiven2240/wlf&amp;oldid=22574381 --&gt;

== Wiki Loves Folklore is extended till 15th March ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
Greetings from Wiki Loves Folklore International Team,

We are pleased to inform you that [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore|Wiki Loves Folklore]] an international photographic contest on Wikimedia Commons has been extended till the '''15th of March 2022'''. The scope of the contest is focused on folk culture of different regions on categories, such as, but not limited to, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, etc.

We would like to have your immense participation in the photographic contest to document your local Folk culture on Wikipedia. You can also help with the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Translations|translation]] of project pages and share a word in your local language.

Best wishes,

'''International Team'''&lt;br /&gt;
'''Wiki Loves Folklore'''

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 04:50, 22 Oṣù Kejì 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=22754428 --&gt;

== Coming soon ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
=== Several improvements around templates ===
Hello, from March 9, several improvements around templates will become available on your wiki:
* Fundamental improvements of the [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor template dialog]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|1]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Removing a template from a page using the VisualEditor|2]]),
* Improvements to make it easier to put a template on a page ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Finding and inserting templates|3]]) (for the template dialogs in [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|VisualEditor]], [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikiEditor#/media/File:VectorEditorBasic-en.png|2010 Wikitext]] and [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|New Wikitext Mode]]),
* and improvements in the syntax highlighting extension [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] ([[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|4]], [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Bracket Matching|5]]) (which is available on wikis with writing direction left-to-right).

All these changes are part of the “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]” project by [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]]. We hope they will help you in your work, and we would love to hear your feedback on the talk pages of these projects. &lt;/div&gt; - [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 12:39, 28 Oṣù Kejì 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=22907463 --&gt;

== Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 ends tomorrow ==

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|frameless|180px]]
International photographic contest [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022| Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]] ends on 15th March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. This is the last chance of the year to upload images about local folk culture, festival, cuisine, costume, folklore etc on Wikimedia Commons. Watch out our social media handles for regular updates and declaration of Winners. 

([https://www.facebook.com/WikiLovesFolklore/ Facebook] , [https://twitter.com/WikiFolklore Twitter ] , [https://www.instagram.com/wikilovesfolklore/ Instagram])

The writing competition Feminism and Folklore will run till 31st of March 2022 23:59:59 UTC. Write about your local folk tradition, women, folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, folklore, and tradition, including ballads, folktales, fairy tales, legends, traditional song and dance, folk plays, games, seasonal events, calendar customs, folk arts, folk religion, mythology etc. on your local Wikipedia. Check if your [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|local Wikipedia is participating]]

A special competition called '''Wiki Loves Falles''' is organised in Spain and the world during 15th March 2022 till 15th April 2022 to document local folk culture and [[:en:Falles|Falles]] in Valencia, Spain. Learn more about it on  [[:ca:Viquiprojecte:Falles 2022|Catalan Wikipedia project page]].

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 14:40, 14 Oṣù Kẹta 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=22754428 --&gt;

== Feminism and Folklore 2022 ends soon ==

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|right|frameless|250px]]
[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|Feminism and Folklore 2022]] which is an international writing contest organized at Wikipedia ends soon that is on &lt;b&gt;31 March 2022 11:59 UTC&lt;/b&gt;. This is the last chance of the year to write about feminism, women biographies and gender-focused topics such as &lt;i&gt;folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, folk activities, folk games, folk cuisine, folk wear, fairy tales, folk plays, folk arts, folk religion, mythology, folk artists, folk dancers, folk singers, folk musicians, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales and more&lt;/i&gt;

Keep an eye on the project page for declaration of Winners. 

We look forward for your immense co-operation.

Thanks 
Wiki Loves Folklore international Team
[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 14:29, 26 Oṣù Kẹta 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Rockpeterson@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Rockpeterson/fnf&amp;oldid=23060054 --&gt;

== New Wikipedia Library Collections Available Now - April 2022 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

Hello Wikimedians! 
[[File:Wikipedia_Library_owl.svg|thumb|upright|The TWL owl says sign up today!]]
[[m:The Wikipedia Library|The Wikipedia Library]] has free access to new paywalled reliable sources. You can these and dozens more collections at https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/:
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/128/ Wiley]''' – journals, books, and research resources, covering life, health, social, and physical sciences
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/125/ OECD]''' – OECD iLibrary, Data, and Multimedia​​ published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
* '''[https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/partners/129/ SPIE Digital Library]''' – journals and eBooks on optics and photonics applied research

Many other sources are freely available for experienced editors, including collections which recently became accessible to all eligible editors: Cambridge University Press, BMJ, AAAS, Érudit and more.

Do better research and help expand the use of high quality references across Wikipedia projects: log in today!
&lt;br&gt;--The Wikipedia Library Team 13:17, 26 Oṣù Kẹrin 2022 (UTC)

:&lt;small&gt;This message was delivered via the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/MassMessage#Global_message_delivery Global Mass Message] tool to [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library The Wikipedia Library Global Delivery List].&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Samwalton9@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikipedia_Library&amp;oldid=23036656 --&gt;

== Coming soon: Improvements for templates ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--T:11--&gt;
[[File:Overview of changes in the VisualEditor template dialog by WMDE Technical Wishes.webm|thumb|Fundamental changes in the template dialog.]]
Hello, more changes around templates are coming to your wiki soon:

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing templates|'''template dialog''' in VisualEditor]] and in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2017 wikitext editor|2017 Wikitext Editor]] (beta) will be '''improved fundamentally''': 
This should help users understand better what the template expects, how to navigate the template, and how to add parameters. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/VisualEditor template dialog improvements|talk page]]

In '''syntax highlighting''' ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] extension), you can activate a '''colorblind-friendly''' color scheme with a user setting. 
* [[metawiki:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting#Color-blind_mode|project page]], [[metawiki:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Improved Color Scheme of Syntax Highlighting|talk page]]

Deployment is planned for May 10. This is the last set of improvements from [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes']] focus area “[[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Templates|Templates]]”. 

We would love to hear your feedback on our talk pages!
&lt;/div&gt; -- [[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]] 11:14, 29 Oṣù Kẹrin 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=23222263 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Editing news 2022 #1&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;&lt;i&gt;[[metawiki:VisualEditor/Newsletter/2022/April|Read this in another language]] • [[m:VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/i&gt;
[[File:Junior Contributor New Topic Tool Completion Rate.png|thumb|New editors were more successful with this new tool.]]

The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#New discussion tool|New topic tool]] helps editors create new ==Sections== on discussion pages.  New editors are more successful with this new tool.  You can [[mw:Talk pages project/New topic#21 April 2022|read the report]].  Soon, the Editing team will offer this to all editors at the 20 Wikipedias that participated in the test.  You will be able to turn it off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]].&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] 18:55, 2 Oṣù Kàrún 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=22019984 --&gt;

== Invitation to participate in the #WPWPCampaign 2022 ==

Dear Wikimedians,

We are glad to inform you that the 2022 edition of Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos campaign is coming up in July.

This is a formal invitation to invite individuals and communities to join the campaign to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and contextual images. 

The campaign will run from July 1 to August  31, 2022 and several communities and Wikimedia Affiliates have already indicated interest to organize the campaign in their localities. Please find your community or community closer to you to participate: [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2022/Participating Communities|WPWP2022 Campaign: Participating Communities]].

The campaign primarily aims to promote using images from Wikimedia Commons to enrich Wikipedia articles that are lacking them. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photos, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years. In this third edition of the campaign, eligibility criteria have been revised based on feedback and campaign Evaluation Reports of the previous editions. Please find more [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2022/FAQ and Contest Rules|details about these changes and our FAQ here on Meta-Wiki]]

For more information, please visit the [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2022|campaign page on Meta-Wiki]].

Best,&lt;br/&gt;
[[User:Ammarpad|Ammar A.]]&lt;br/&gt;
Global Coordinator&lt;br/&gt;
Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos Campaign 2022.&lt;br /&gt;
17:38, 31 Oṣù Kàrún 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Martin Urbanec@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_Pages_Wanting_Photos/Distribution_list&amp;oldid=23230284 --&gt;

== Results of Wiki Loves Folklore 2022 is out! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:please-translate}}
[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Hi, Greetings

The winners for '''[[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022|Wiki Loves Folklore 2022]]''' is announced!

We are happy to share with you winning images for this year's edition. This year saw over 8,584 images represented on commons in over 92 countries. Kindly see images '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2022/Winners|here]]'''

Our profound gratitude to all the people who participated and organized local contests and photo walks for this project.

We hope to have you contribute to the campaign next year.

'''Thank you,'''

'''Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''

--[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 16:13, 4 Oṣù Keje 2022 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=23454230 --&gt;

== The Vector 2022 skin as the default in two weeks? ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimania 2022 Vector (2022) Presentation.pdf|thumb|The slides for our presentation at Wikimania 2022|page=26]]
Hello. I'm writing on behalf of the [[mw:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]]. '''In two weeks, we would like to make the Vector 2022 skin the default on this wiki.'''

We have been working on it for the past three years. So far, it has been the default on more than 30 wikis, including sister projects, all accounting for more than 1 billion pageviews per month. On average [[phab:T317529#8246686|87% of active logged-in users]] of those wikis use Vector 2022.

It would become the default for all logged-out users, and also all logged-in users who currently use Vector legacy. Logged-in users can at any time switch to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|any other skins]]. No changes are expected for users of these skins.

&lt;div style=&quot;width:100%; margin:auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;gallery widths=&quot;220&quot; heights=&quot;150&quot; mode=&quot;packed&quot; caption=&quot;Top of an article&quot;&gt;
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 top.png|Vector legacy (current default)
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 top.png|Vector 2022
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;gallery widths=&quot;220&quot; heights=&quot;150&quot; mode=&quot;packed&quot; caption=&quot;A section of an article&quot;&gt;
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2010 scrolled.png|Vector legacy (current default)
Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 scrolled.png|Vector 2022
&lt;/gallery&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
=== About the skin ===

'''[Why is a change necessary]''' The current default skin meets the needs of the readers and editors as these were 13 years ago. Since then, new users have begun using Wikimedia projects. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2022/08/18/prioritizing-equity-within-wikipedias-new-desktop/ The old Vector doesn't meet their needs.]

'''[Objective]''' The objective for the new skin is to make the interface more welcoming and comfortable for readers and useful for advanced users. It draws inspiration from previous requests, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey|Community Wishlist Surveys]], and gadgets and scripts. The work helped our code follow the standards and improve all other skins. [[phab:phame/post/view/290/how_and_why_we_moved_our_skins_to_mustache/|We reduced PHP code in Wikimedia deployed skins by 75%]]. The project has also focused on making it easier to support gadgets and use APIs.

'''[Changes and test results]''' The skin introduces a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features|series of changes]] that improve readability and usability. The new skin does not remove any functionality currently available on the Vector skin.

* The sticky header makes it easier to find tools that editors use often. It decreases scrolling to the top of the page by 16%.
* The new table of contents makes it easier to navigate to different sections. Readers and editors jumped to different sections of the page 50% more than with the old table of contents. It also looks a bit different on talk pages.
* The new search bar is easier to find and makes it easier to find the correct search result from the list. This increased the amount of searches started by 30% on the wikis we tested on.
* The skin does not negatively affect pageviews, edit rates, or account creation. There is evidence of increases in pageviews and account creation across partner communities.

'''[Try it out]''' Try out the new skin by going to the appearance tab in [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your preferences]] and selecting Vector 2022 from the list of skins.

=== How can editors change and customize this skin? ===

It's possible to configure and personalize our changes. We support volunteers who create new gadgets and user scripts. Check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Repository|our repository]] for a list of currently available customizations, or add your own. 

=== Our plan ===

'''If no large concerns are raised, we plan on deploying in the week of October 3, 2022'''. If your community would like to request more time to discuss the changes, hit the button and write to us. We can adjust the calendar.

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;[[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks mw-ui-button&quot;&gt;Request for more time to discuss the change&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;
If you'd like ask our team anything, if you have questions, concerns, or additional thoughts, please ping me here or write on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|talk page of the project]]. We will gladly answer! Also, [[mw:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Frequently asked questions|see our FAQ]]. Thank you! [[mw:User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[mw:User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 04:15, 22 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Varia&amp;oldid=23838600 --&gt;

== Update on Vector 2022 ==

[[File:Screenshot Historia da moeda do Tíbet - 2022-09-22 - Vector 2022 scrolled.png|thumb]]
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Hello. I'm sorry for not communicating in your language. I'll be grateful if you translated my message. I'm writing on behalf of the [[mw:Reading/Web|Web team]] working on the new skin, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|Vector 2022]].

We wanted to apologize for the delays in the deployment of Vector 2022. We know many of you are waiting for this eagerly. We have been delaying the deployment because we have been working on the logos. It has taken us more time than originally expected. Once the logos are ready, we will let you know the exact date of deployment. '''We are planning for either the next (more likely) or the following week'''. If your wiki doesn't currently have a localized logo, we encourage you to [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements|reach out to us]] and we can help make one.

We invite you to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements#contact|get involved in the project]]. Contact us if you have any questions or need any help, particularly with the compatibility of gadgets and user scripts. Thank you! [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|talk]]) 23:24, 19 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2022 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/MM/Varia&amp;oldid=23955535 --&gt;

== Community Wishlist Survey 2023 opens in January! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:Please-translate}}''

{{int:Hello}}

The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023|'''Community Wishlist Survey (CWS) 2023''']], which lets contributors propose and vote for tools and improvements, starts next month on Monday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1674496831 23 January 2023, at 18:00 UTC] and will continue annually.

We are inviting you to share your ideas for technical improvements to our tools and platforms. Long experience in editing or technical skills is not required. If you have ever used our software and thought of an idea to improve it, this is the place to come share those ideas!

The dates for the phases of the Survey will be as follows:
* Phase 1: Submit, discuss, and revise proposals – Monday, Jan 23, 2023 to Sunday, Feb 6, 2023
* Phase 2: WMF/Community Tech reviews and organizes proposals – Monday, Jan 30, 2023 to Friday, Feb 10, 2023
* Phase 3: Vote on proposals – Friday, Feb 10, 2023 to Friday, Feb 24, 2023
* Phase 4: Results posted – Tuesday, Feb 28, 2023

If you want to start writing out your ideas ahead of the Survey, you can start thinking about your proposals and draft them in [[m:Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|the CWS sandbox]].

We are grateful to all who participated last year. See you in January 2023!
&lt;/div&gt;

{{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Community Tech, [[m:User:STei (WMF)|STei (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 12:59, 13 Oṣù Kejìlá 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:STei_(WMF)/CWS_2023_List&amp;oldid=24226232 --&gt;

== Àyọkà yí kò ní ìtumọ̀ ==
:''Copied from [[Ọ̀rọ̀:12979 Evgalvasilʹev]]''

Mo fi àsìkò yí pe olóòtú àgbà [[Oníṣe:T Cells]] láti gbé ìgbésẹ̀ tí ṣe pàtàkì lórí àwọn àyọkà tí kò ní ìtumọ̀ tí kò sì ní ọ̀nà kan kan tí ó lè gbé ye ni tí [[Oníṣe:Kwamikagami|Kwamikagami]] ṣe ń ṣe ìdásilẹ̀ wọn pẹ̀lú bí a ti ń wá bí a ti ń wá ojú ìtú sí ẹgbẹgbérún irú rẹ̀ tí wọ́n wà lórí Wikipedia èdè Yorùbá. [[Oníṣe:Agbalagba|Agbalagba]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Agbalagba|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 13:53, 12 Oṣù Kejìlá 2022 (UTC)

:{{ping|Agbalagba}} Sorry, I can't write in Yoruba.
:Do you mean that you think these minimal asteroid articles are useless? I agree; on English Wikipedia, if all we wrote in an article was &quot;12979 Evgalvasilʹev is a minor planet in the asteroid belt&quot;, then it would be replaced with a redirect to a list of asteroids. In fact, if you follow the interwiki link of this article to WP-en, you'll see exactly that.
:As for me, all I did was correct the name. (Explanation: the &lt;ʹ&gt; is not an apostrophe [a punctuation mark], but rather the Cyrillic letter &lt;ь&gt;. The international scholarly convention is to render that with &lt;ʹ&gt;.) I could not move the article (this title is forbidden), so I created a new one. 
:Meanwhile there are maybe another 20 articles with the same error. I'll continue working on them, but I have no objection to these and similar articles being converted into redirects. Anyway, my contribution so far is 12 articles, not &quot;thousands&quot;. [[Oníṣe:Kwamikagami|Kwamikagami]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Kwamikagami|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 18:53, 12 Oṣù Kejìlá 2022 (UTC)

I copied the above thread here from [[Ọ̀rọ̀:12979 Evgalvasilʹev]]. My question for the community: should these hundreds, maybe thousands, of stub asteroid articles be consolidated into a list? I agree with Oníṣe:Agbalagba that they are nearly useless, if all they say is &quot;X is an asteroid&quot;.

Another possibility would be to add an info-box template, that would automatically transclude orbital etc. information from Wikidata. That would be more useful than a consolidated list. None of the transcluded information would be in Yoruba, but it would mostly be numbers and metric units, so maybe that wouldn't matter. [[Oníṣe:Kwamikagami|Kwamikagami]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Kwamikagami|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 21:39, 14 Oṣù Kejìlá 2022 (UTC)

== Movement Charter: End of the community consultation round 1 ==
Hi everyone,

On behalf of the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee|Movement Charter Drafting Committee]] (MCDC), we would like to thank everyone who has participated in our first [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation|community wide consultation period]] on the Movement Charter.

People from across the movement shared their feedback and thoughts on the content of the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter|Movement Charter]]. If you have not had the chance to share your opinion yet, you are welcome to do so by [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Content/Preamble|giving the drafts a read]] and filling out the '''[https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 anonymous survey]''', which is accessible in 12+ languages. The survey will close on '''January 2, 2023'''. You are invited to continue to share your thoughts with the MCDC via email too: movementcharter@wikimedia.org.

'''What’s next?'''

The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Team|Movement Strategy and Governance team]] will publish the final report with a summary of the feedback received in January 2023. It will be shared with the MCDC and the communities via different distribution channels.

After receiving the final report, the MCDC will review the suggestions and communicate the changes by providing an explanation on how and why suggestions were or were not adopted in the next versions of the drafts. There will be additional ways to engage with the Movement Charter content in 2023, including early feedback on a proposed ratification process and new drafts of different chapters in the second quarter of 2023.

We invite you to sign up for the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter|MCDC monthly newsletter]], which will be delivered to the Talk page of your choice. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Updates|Monthly updates]] are available on Meta to stay updated on the progress of the MCDC.

Interested people can still sign-up to become a [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Strategy_and_Governance/Movement_Charter_Ambassadors_Program/About|Movement Charter Ambassador]] (MC Ambassador) to support their community. MC Ambassadors Program will restart accepting applications from both individuals and groups ahead of the next round of consultations in the second quarter of 2023.

We thank you for your participation, time, and effort in helping to build the charter for our movement!

''On behalf of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee''

[[Oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 10:16, 16 Oṣù Kejìlá 2022 (UTC)

== Feminism and Folklore 2023 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

Christmas Greetings and a Happy New Year 2023,
 
You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2023|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/List of Articles|list]] of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a fountain tool or dashboard.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the fountain/dashboard link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta project page]].
 
This year we would be supporting the community's financial aid for Internet and childcare support. This would be provided for the local team including their jury and coordinator team. This support is opt-in and non mandatory. Kindly fill in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSea81OO0lVgUBd551iIiENXht7BRCISYZlKyBQlemZu_j2OHQ/viewform this Google form] and mark a mail to [mailto:support@wikilovesfolklore.org support@wikilovesfolklore.org] with the subject line starting as [Stipend] Name or Username/Language. The last date to sign up for internet and childcare aid from our team is 20th of January 2023, We encourage the language coordinators to sign up their community on this link by the 25th of January 2023.
 
Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023 International Team]]

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 10:24, 24 Oṣù Kejìlá 2022 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=23942484 --&gt;

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement/Voting 1|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement/Voting 1|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Revised enforcement guidelines/Announcement/Voting 1}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

== Upcoming vote on the revised Enforcement Guidelines for the Universal Code of Conduct ==
Hello all,

In mid-January 2023, the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] for the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] will undergo a second community-wide ratification vote. This follows [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines/Voting/Results|the March 2022 vote]], which resulted in a majority of voters supporting the Enforcement Guidelines. During the vote, participants helped highlight important community concerns. The Board’s [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] requested that these areas of concern be reviewed.

The volunteer-led [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Drafting_committee#Revisions_Committee_members|Revisions Committee]] worked hard reviewing community input and making changes. They updated areas of concern, such as training and affirmation requirements, privacy and transparency in the process, and readability and translatability of the document itself.

The revised Enforcement Guidelines can be viewed '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines|here]]''', and a comparison of changes can be found '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Comparison|here]]'''.

'''How to vote?'''

Beginning '''January 17, 2023''', voting will be open. '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information|This page on Meta-wiki]]''' outlines information on how to vote using SecurePoll.

'''Who can vote?'''

The '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voter_information#Voting_eligibility|eligibility requirements]]''' for this vote are the same as for the Wikimedia Board of Trustees elections. See the voter information page for more details about voter eligibility. If you are an eligible voter, you can use your Wikimedia account to access the voting server.

'''What happens after the vote?'''

Votes will be scrutinized by an independent group of volunteers, and the results will be published on Wikimedia-l, the Movement Strategy Forum, Diff and on Meta-wiki. Voters will again be able to vote and share concerns they have about the guidelines. The Board of Trustees will look at the levels of support and concerns raised as they look at how the Enforcement Guidelines should be ratified or developed further.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team, 

[[Oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 08:52, 10 Oṣù Kínní 2023 (UTC)

== Community feedback cycle about updating the Wikimedia Terms of use starts ==

Hello everyone,

[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is organizing a feedback-cycle with community members to discuss updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use.

[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Terms_of_Use|The Terms of Use (ToU)]] are the legal terms that govern the use of websites hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. We will be gathering your feedback on a draft proposal from February through April. The draft will be translated into several languages, with written feedback accepted in any language.

This update comes in response to several things:

* Implementing the Universal Code of Conduct
* Updating project text to the Creative Commons BY-SA 4.0 license
* Proposal for better addressing undisclosed paid editing
* Bringing our terms in line with current and recently passed laws affecting the Foundation, including the European Digital Services Act

As part of the feedback cycle two office hours will be held, the first on March 2, the second on April 4.

For further information, please consult:

* The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|proposed update of the ToU by comparison]]
* The page for your [[metawiki:Talk:Terms_of_use|feedback]]
* Information about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|the office hours]]

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 13:07, 21 Oṣù Kejì 2023 (UTC)

:Hello @[[Oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]], thank you for sharing this timely information, this is a good step in the right direction.  We would be engaging the term of use feedback survey and also look forward to having a robust discussion around the focal topics. 
:Thank you.[[Oníṣe:Agbalagba|Agbalagba]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Agbalagba|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 13:34, 22 Oṣù Kejì 2023 (UTC)
::Hi @[[Oníṣe:Agbalagba|Agbalagba]], I am happy to share. Please don't hesitate to reach out to me in case you have questions or need assistance sharing your feedback in the ongoing feedback cycle, best,[[Oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 15:12, 1 Oṣù Kẹta 2023 (UTC)

== Editing news 2023 #1 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;&lt;i&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter/2023/February|Read this in another language]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Newsletter|Subscription list for this multilingual newsletter]]&lt;/i&gt;

This newsletter includes two key updates about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing team|Editing]] team's work:

# The Editing team will finish adding new features to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project|Talk pages project]] and deploy it.
# They are beginning a new project, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]].

&lt;strong&gt;Talk pages project&lt;/strong&gt;
[[File:Page Frame Features on desktop.png|alt=Screenshot showing the talk page design changes that are currently available as beta features at all Wikimedia wikis. These features include information about the number of people and comments within each discussion.|thumb|300px|Some of the upcoming changes]]

The Editing team is nearly finished with this first phase of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project|Talk pages project]]. Nearly all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|new features]] are available now in the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature for {{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}]].

It will show information about how active a discussion is, such as the date of the most recent comment. There will soon be a new &quot;{{int:skin-action-addsection}}&quot; button. You will be able to turn them off at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion]]. Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Talk_pages_project/Usability#c-PPelberg_(WMF)-20230215001000-Feedback:_Proposed_Revisions_to_%22Add_topic%22_button|tell them what you think]].

[[File:Daily edit completion rates mobile talk pages.png|thumb|300px|Daily edit completion rate by test group: DiscussionTools (test group) and MobileFrontend overlay (control group)]]

An A/B test for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Mobile|{{int:discussiontools-preference-label}} on the mobile site]] has finished. Editors were [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk_pages_project/Mobile#Status_Updates|more successful with {{int:discussiontools-preference-label}}]]. The Editing team is enabling these features for all editors on the mobile site.

&lt;strong&gt;New Project: Edit Check&lt;/strong&gt;

The Editing team is beginning [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|a project to help new editors of Wikipedia]]. It will help people identify some problems before they click &quot;{{int:publishchanges}}&quot;. The first tool will encourage people to add references when they add new content. Please [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist|watch]] that page for more information. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing_team/Community_Conversations#20230303|join a conference call on 3&amp;nbsp;March&amp;nbsp;2023]] to learn more.&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

–[[User:Whatamidoing (WMF)|Whatamidoing (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Whatamidoing (WMF)|{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}]]) 23:24, 22 Oṣù Kejì 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/VisualEditor/Newsletter/Wikis_with_VE&amp;oldid=24611966 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-03-01|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-03-01T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-03-01T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-03-01|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])&lt;/span&gt; 21:21, 27 Oṣù Kejì 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=24390465 --&gt;

== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023: We are back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2023 promo.png|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the third edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2023. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023/Prizes|prizes]].&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2023|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge!
&lt;/div&gt;
[[m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]]) 07:58, 1 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=23942484 --&gt;

== Reminder: Office hours about updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use ==

: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours/Reminder|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+Legal+department%2F2023+ToU+updates%2FOffice+hours%2FReminder&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello everyone,

This a reminder that the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department|Wikimedia Foundation Legal Department]] is hosting [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|office hours]] with community members about [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Proposed_update|updating the Wikimedia Terms of Use]].

The office hours will be held today, '''March 2, from 17:00 UTC to 18:30 UTC.''' See for more [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_department/2023_ToU_updates/Office_hours|details here on Meta]].

Another office hours will be held on April 4.

We hereby kindly invite you to participate in the discussion. Please note that this meeting will be held in English language and led by the members of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team, who will take and answer your questions. Facilitators from the Movement Strategy and Governance Team will provide the necessary assistance and other meeting-related services.

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Legal Team,

[[Oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 12:00, 2 Oṣù Kẹta 2023 (UTC)

== Wikimania 2023 Awọn ifisilẹ Eto Gbigbawọle ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;wikimania-program-submissions&quot;/&gt;[[File:Wikimedia_Singapore_Logo.svg|right|frameless]]Ṣé o fẹ́ jẹ́ agbàlejò gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹnìkan tàbí lákòókò ètò ìfojúhàn ní Wikimania 2023? Bóyá ìdágbálé ètò ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́, ìfọ̀rọ̀wérọ̀ tó ń móríyá, ìṣèré aláfẹ́ kan, pósítà tí ó fani mọ́ra, tàbí ọ̀rọ̀ ìlanilọ́yẹ mánigbàgbé? [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2023:Program/Submissions|'''Ààyè ṣí sílẹ̀ fún ìdájọ àwọn èròǹgbà títí di Oṣù Kẹ́ta Ọjọ́ 28''']]. Ayẹyẹ náà yóò ní ìfijì òní-ẹ̀yà méjì, nítorí náà ààyè wà bákan náà fún ìdájọ àwọn ètò ìfojúhàn àti àwọn fọ́nrán ìkásílẹ̀. Tí o bá ní àwọn ìbéèrè kankan, jọ̀wọ́ darapọ̀ mọ́ ìfọ̀rọ̀wérọ̀ wa tí ó bọ̀ lọ́nà ní oṣù ọjọ́ 12 tàbí 19, tàbí ké sí wa nípa lílo ìtàkùn-ìfiránṣẹ́ lórí wikimania@wikimedia.org tàbí lórí ìkànnì Telegram. Ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́ ìròyìn lórí-wiki.&lt;section end=&quot;wikimania-program-submissions&quot;/&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=24390465 --&gt;

== Board of Trustees have ratified the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines ==
: ''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Announcement_-_Board_ratification|More languages]] ''•'' [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Universal+Code+of+Conduct%2FRevised+enforcement+guidelines%2FAnnouncement+-+Board+ratification&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= Please help translate to your language]

Hello all, an important update on the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines:

The vote on the Enforcement Guidelines in January 2023 showed a majority approval of the Enforcement Guidelines. There were 369 comments received and a detailed summary of the comments will be published shortly. Just over three-thousand (3097) voters voted and 76% approved of the Enforcement Guidelines. You can view the '''[[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Revised_enforcement_guidelines/Voting_statistics|vote statistics on Meta-wiki]]'''.

As the support increased, this signifies to the Board that the current version has addressed some of the issues indicated during the last review in 2022. The Board of Trustees voted to ratify the Enforcement Guidelines. The [[foundation:Resolution:Approval_of_Universal_Code_of_Conduct_Enforcement_Guidelines|resolution can be found on Foundation wiki]] and you can read more about the [[wmfblog:2023/03/21/the-enforcement-guidelines-received-strong-support-from-the-community-what-happens-next/|process behind the 2023 Enforcement Guidelines review on Diff.]]

There are some next steps to take with the important recommendations provided by the Enforcement Guidelines. More details will come soon about timelines. Thank you for your interest and participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project Team,

[[Oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 22:06, 23 Oṣù Kẹta 2023 (UTC)

== Call for early input on the proposed Movement Charter ratification methodology ==

Hello all,

The [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee|Movement Charter Drafting Committee]] (MCDC) is collecting early input from the Wikimedia movement on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification|proposed methodology for the ratification of the Movement Charter]] from '''April 10 to 28, 2023'''. Ratification of the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter|Movement Charter]] is planned to take place in early 2024 according to the timeline.

'''There are [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification|six questions]] that the MCDC requests your input on.''' Please share your feedback by:

* Commenting on the [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement_Charter|Meta talk page]]
* Commenting on the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-ratification-methodology-community-review-from-10-28-april-2023/2930 Movement Strategy forum]
* Joining the community conversation hours

'''Conversation hours'''

The MCDC also invites everyone interested in sharing their feedback on the proposed methodology to join the community conversation hours:

* [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#Community_conversation_#1:_18_April,_2023_at_10.00_UTC|Community conversation hour #1]]: '''18 April at 10:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1681812036 your local time])
* [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#Community_conversation_#2:_24_April_2023_at_17.00_UTC|Community conversation hour #2]]: '''24 April at 17:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1682355603 your local time])

The language of conversation hours is English. [[metawiki:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation|Please comment]] if you need language support. Please note that language interpretation will be provided if at least 3 people expressed interest to participate in the following languages: Arabic, Mandarin Chinese, French, German, Indonesian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Russian and Spanish.

On behalf of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee, 

[[Oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Zuz (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 13:59, 13 Oṣù Kẹrin 2023 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read-only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] tests the switch between its first and secondary data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-04-26|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-04-26T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-04-26T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-04-26|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary.  You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:42, 21 Oṣù Kẹrin 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=24748237 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers for the next step in the Universal Code of Conduct process&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello,

As follow-up to [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/IOMVS7W75ZYMABQGOQ2QH2JAURC3CHGH/ the message about the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines] by Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Vice Chair, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, I am reaching out about the next steps. I want to bring your attention to the next stage of the Universal Code of Conduct process, which is forming a building committee for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). I invite community members with experience and deep interest in community health and governance to nominate themselves to be part of the U4C building committee, which needs people who are:

* Community members in good standing
* Knowledgeable about movement community processes, such as, but not limited to, policy drafting, participatory decision making, and application of existing rules and policies on Wikimedia projects
* Aware and appreciative of the diversity of the movement, such as, but not limited to, languages spoken, identity, geography, and project type
* Committed to participate for the entire U4C Building Committee period from mid-May - December 2023
* Comfortable with engaging in difficult, but productive conversations
* Confidently able to communicate in English

The Building Committee shall consist of volunteer community members, affiliate board or staff, and Wikimedia Foundation staff.

The Universal Code of Conduct has been a process strengthened by the skills and knowledge of the community and I look forward to what the U4C Building Committee creates. If you are interested in joining the Building Committee, please either [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee/Nominations|sign up on the Meta-Wiki page]], or contact ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org by May 12, 2023. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read more on Meta-Wiki]]'''.

Best regards,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 19:01, 26 Oṣù Kẹrin 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=24941045 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Selection of the U4C Building Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The next stage in the Universal Code of Conduct process is establishing a Building Committee to create the charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). The Building Committee has been selected. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read about the members and the work ahead on Meta-wiki]].&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Project|UCoC Project Team]], 04:21, 27 Oṣù Kàrún 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25018085 --&gt;

== Invitation to participate in the #WPWPCampaign 2023 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Dear Wikimedians,
[[File:WPWP_logo_1.png|right|150px|frameless]]
We are glad to inform you that the 2023 edition of Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos campaign is coming up in July.

This is a formal invitation to invite individuals and communities to join the campaign to help improve Wikipedia articles with photos and other relevant media files.

If you're interested in participating, please find your community or community closer to you to participate from the [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2023/Participating Communities|Participating Communities]] page. If you're organizer, please add your community or Affiliate to the page.

The campaign primarily aims to promote using images from Wikimedia Commons to enrich Wikipedia articles. Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photos, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years. In this edition of the campaign, eligibility criteria have been revised based on feedback and campaign Evaluation Reports of the previous editions. Please find more [[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2023/FAQ and Contest Rules|details about these changes and our FAQ on Meta-Wiki]]

For more information, please visit the '''[[:m:Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2023|campaign page on Meta-Wiki]]'''.

Kind regards,

Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos International Team. 

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 23:25, 7 Oṣù Kẹfà 2023 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Ammarpad@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_Pages_Wanting_Photos/Distribution_list&amp;oldid=23360272 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Announcing the new Elections Committee members&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello there, 

We are glad to announce [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/4TALOUFPAP2VDBR27GKRVOP7IGQYU3DB/|the new members and advisors of the Elections Committee]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|Elections Committee]] assists with the design and implementation of the process to select Community- and Affiliate-Selected trustees for the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees. After an open nomination process, the strongest candidates spoke with the Board and four candidates were asked to join the Elections Committee. Four other candidates were asked to participate as advisors. 

Thank you to all the community members who submitted their names for consideration. We look forward to working with the Elections Committee in the near future.

On behalf of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:00, 28 Oṣù Kẹfà 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25018085 --&gt;

== MinT Machine Translation added to your Wikipedia ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Hello}}!
 
Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{int:Please help translate}} to your language.

The WMF Language team has added another machine translation (MT) system for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation Content Translation] in your Wikipedia called MinT; you can use [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content_translation/Machine_Translation/MinT MinT machine translation] when translating Wikipedia articles using the Content and Section Translation tool.
 
The WMF Language team provides the MinT service. It is hosted in the Wikimedia Foundation Infrastructure with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_machine_translation neural machine translation] models that other organizations have released with an open-source license. MinT integrates translation based on [https://ai.facebook.com/research/no-language-left-behind/ NLLB-200], [https://opus.nlpl.eu/ OpusMT], [https://ai4bharat.iitm.ac.in/indic-trans2 IndicTrans2] and [https://github.com/Softcatala/nmt-models Softcatalà].  This MT is set as optional in your Wikipedia. Still, you can choose not to use it by selecting &quot;Start with empty paragraph&quot; from the &quot;Initial Translation&quot; dropdown menu.
 
Since MinT is hosted in the WMF Infrastructure and the models are open source, it adheres to Wikipedia's policies about attribution of rights, your privacy as a user and brand representation. You can find more information about the MinT machine translation and the models on [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Content%20translation/Machine%20Translation/MinT this page].
 
Please note that the use of the MinT MT is not compulsory. However, we would want your community to:
*use it to improve the quality of the Machine Translation service
*[https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Talk:Content_translation provide feedback] about its quality, and '''if you prefer the MinT machine translation as default in your Wikipedia'''.
 
We trust that introducing this MT is a good support to the Content Translation tool.
 
Thank you!
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 22:02, 4 Oṣù Keje 2023 (UTC) On behalf of the WMF Language team.
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox_MinT_announcement_list_2&amp;oldid=25258883 --&gt;

== Deploying the Phonos in-line audio player to your Wiki ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
{{int:Hello}}!

Apologies if this message is not in your language, {{int:Please-translate}} to your language.

This wiki will soon be able to use the [[mw:Help:Extension:Phonos#Inline_audio_player_mode|inline audio player]] implemented by the [[mw:Extension:Phonos|Phonos]] extension. This is part of fulfilling a wishlist proposal of providing [[m:Community_Wishlist_Survey_2022/Multimedia_and_Commons/Audio_links_that_play_on_click|audio links that play on click]].

With the inline audio player, you can add text-to-speech audio snippets to wiki pages by simply using a tag:
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
&lt;phonos file=&quot;audio file&quot; label=&quot;Listen&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
The above tag will show the text next to a speaker icon, and clicking on it will play the audio instantly without taking you to another page. A common example where you can use this feature is in adding pronunciation to words as illustrated on the [[wiktionary:en:English#Pronunciation|English Wiktionary]] below.

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{audio|en|En-uk-English.oga|Audio (UK)}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Could become:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
&lt;phonos file=&quot;En-uk-English.oga&quot; label=&quot;Audio (UK)&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

The inline audio player will be available in your wiki in 2 weeks time; in the meantime, we would like you to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Phonos|read about the features]] and give us feedback or ask questions about it in this [[mw:Help_talk:Extension:Phonos|talk page]].

Thank you!&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]], on behalf of the Foundation's Language team&lt;/bdi&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

02:26, 27 Oṣù Keje 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox_announcement_list_(In-line_audio_player)&amp;oldid=25350821 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Review the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Hello all,

I am pleased to share the next step in the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] work. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) draft charter]] is now ready for your review. 

The [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|Enforcement Guidelines]] require a [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4.5_U4C_Building_Committee|Building Committee]] form to draft a charter that outlines procedures and details for a global committee to be called the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4._UCoC_Coordinating_Committee_(U4C)|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]]. Over the past few months, the U4C Building Committee worked together as a group to discuss and draft the U4C charter. The U4C Building Committee welcomes feedback about the draft charter now through 22 September 2023. After that date, the U4C Building Committee will revise the charter as needed and a community vote will open shortly afterward.

Join the conversation during the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee#Conversation hours|conversation hours]] or on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Meta-wiki]].

Best,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]], on behalf of the U4C Building Committee, 15:35, 28 Oṣù Kẹjọ 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25392152 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read-only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. To make sure everything is working, the Wikimedia Technology department needs to do a planned test. This test will show if they can reliably switch from one data centre to the other. It requires many teams to prepare for the test and to be available to fix any unexpected problems. 

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2023-09-20|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-09-20T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-09-20T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2023-09-20|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|talk]]) 09:24, 15 Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=25018086 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;== Opportunities open for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission, and the Case Review Committee  ==&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.2em 0 .5em;margin-{{#switch:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}|ar|arc|ary|arz|azb|bcc|bgn|ckb|bqi|dv|fa|fa-af|glk|ha-arab|he|kk-arab|kk-cn|ks|ku-arab|ms-arab|mzn|pnb|prd|ps|sd|ug|ur|ydd|yi=right|left}}:3ex;&quot;&gt;
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|''You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.'']]

''&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/span&gt;''&lt;/div&gt;

Hi everyone! The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee]] (AffCom), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission]] (OC), and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety/Case_Review_Committee|Case Review Committee]] (CRC) are looking for new members. These volunteer groups provide important structural and oversight support for the community and movement. People are encouraged to nominate themselves or encourage others they feel would contribute to these groups to apply. There is more information about the roles of the groups, the skills needed, and the opportunity to apply on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments|'''Meta-wiki page''']]. 

On behalf of the Committee Support team,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
~ [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 16:41, 9 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2023 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25570445 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Review and comment on the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Dear all, 

Please review and comment on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection rules package from now until 29 October 2023. The selection rules package was based on older versions by the Elections Committee and will be used in the 2024 Board of Trustees selection. Providing your comments now will help them provide a smoother, better Board selection process. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|More on the Meta-wiki page]].

Best,

Katie Chan &lt;br&gt;
Chair of the Elections Committee&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

01:13, 17 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25570445 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Coming soon: Reference Previews&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;ReferencePreviewsDefault&quot;/&gt;
[[File:Example_of_a_Reference_Preview.png|right|300px]]
A new feature is coming to your wiki soon: Reference Previews are popups for references. Such popups have existed on wikis as local gadgets for many years.  Now there is a central solution, available on all wikis, and consistent with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Page Previews|PagePreviews feature]].

Reference Previews will be visible to everyone, including readers. If you don’t want to see them, [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Opt-out feature|you can opt out]]. If you are [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-gadgets|using the gadgets]] Reference Tooltips or Navigation Popups, you won’t see Reference Previews unless you disable the gadget.

Reference Previews have been a beta feature on many wikis since 2019, and a default feature on some since 2021. Deployment is planned for November 22. 

* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Help page]] 
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews|Project page with more information (in English)]]. 
* Feedback is welcome [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews|on this talk page]]. 
-- For [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Wikimedia Deutschland’s Technical Wishes]] team,
&lt;section end=&quot;ReferencePreviewsDefault&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
[[m:User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)|Johanna Strodt (WMDE)]], 13:11, 15 Oṣù Kọkànlá 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johanna Strodt (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=25866958 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;(New) Feature on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]]: Adding geopoints via QID&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Body&quot;/&gt;Since September 2022, it is possible to create geopoints using a QID. Many wiki contributors have asked for this feature, but it is not being used much. Therefore, we would like to remind you about it. More information can be found on the [[M:WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Geoinformation/Geopoints via QID|project page]]. If you have any comments, please let us know on the [[M:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Geoinformation/Geopoints via QID|talk page]]. – Best regards, the team of Technical Wishes at Wikimedia Deutschland
&lt;section end=&quot;Body&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[M:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)|Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]] 12:32, 13 Oṣù Kejìlá 2023 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=25955829 --&gt;

== Do you use Wikidata in Wikimedia sibling projects? Tell us about your experiences ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English.''

Hello, the '''[[m:WD4WMP|Wikidata for Wikimedia Projects]]''' team at Wikimedia Deutschland would like to hear about your experiences using Wikidata in the sibling projects. If you are interested in sharing your opinion and insights, please consider signing up for an interview with us in this '''[https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Wikidata-for-Wikimedia-Interviews Registration form]'''.&lt;br&gt; 
''Currently, we are only able to conduct interviews in English.''

The front page of the form has more details about what the conversation will be like, including how we would '''compensate''' you for your time.

For more information, visit our ''[[m:WD4WMP/AddIssue|project issue page]]'' where you can also share your experiences in written form, without an interview.&lt;br&gt;We look forward to speaking with you, [[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]]) 08:53, 5 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/WD4WMP/ScreenerInvite&amp;oldid=26027495 --&gt;

== Reusing references: Can we look over your shoulder? ==

''Apologies for writing in English.''

The Technical Wishes team at Wikimedia Deutschland is planning to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. For our research, we are looking for wiki contributors willing to show us how they are interacting with references.

* The format will be a 1-hour video call, where you would share your screen. [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ More information here].
* Interviews can be conducted in English, German or Dutch.
* [[mw:WMDE_Engineering/Participate_in_UX_Activities#Compensation|Compensation is available]].
* Sessions will be held in January and February.
* [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ Sign up here if you are interested.]
* Please note that we probably won’t be able to have sessions with everyone who is interested. Our UX researcher will try to create a good balance of wiki contributors, e.g. in terms of wiki experience, tech experience, editing preferences, gender, disability and more. If you’re a fit, she will reach out to you to schedule an appointment.

We’re looking forward to seeing you, [[m:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)| Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]]
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=WMDE_Technical_Wishes/Technical_Wishes_News_list_all_village_pumps&amp;oldid=25956752 --&gt;

== Feminism and Folklore 2024 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta project page]].

This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools''']

Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team]]'''

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 07:26, 18 Oṣù Kínní 2024 (UTC)

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore 2024]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2024 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

-- [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 07:26, 18 Oṣù Kínní 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=23942484 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,

I am reaching out to you today to announce that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) Charter is now open. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]] now through '''2 February 2024'''. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C Charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. 

Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:08, 19 Oṣù Kínní 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25853527 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Last days to vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,

I am reaching out to you today to remind you that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) charter will close on '''2 February 2024'''. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]]. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. 

Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 17:00, 31 Oṣù Kínní 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25853527 --&gt;

== A new feature for newcomers: Edit check ==

Hello!

The Editing Team is building a new feature for the visual editor. It is called [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check|'''Edit Check''']].

Edit Check is designed to encourage newcomers add citations ''before'' publishing new information to an article.

We already observed that newcomers add more sources with this feature, as they learn this concept through Edit check.

We are looking for communities to test the feature. We plan to deploy this feature to your wiki soon.

Only newcomers will be asked to add citations and sources when they add a new paragraph to an article. Other users will not see it.

If you are interested into testing it, let me know! If you have any question, let me know.

[[Oníṣe:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Trizek (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 10:48, 9 Oṣù Kejì 2024 (UTC)

:We will deploy this feature on Monday. Let me know if you have any question! :)  [[Oníṣe:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Trizek (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 09:03, 16 Oṣù Kejì 2024 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the results of the UCoC Coordinating Committee Charter ratification vote&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

Thank you everyone for following the progress of the Universal Code of Conduct. I am writing to you today to announce the outcome of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|ratification vote]] on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee Charter]]. 1746 contributors voted in this ratification vote with 1249 voters supporting the Charter and 420 voters not. The ratification vote process allowed for voters to provide comments about the Charter. 

A report of voting statistics and a summary of voter comments will be published on Meta-wiki in the coming weeks.

Please look forward to hearing about the next steps soon.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:24, 12 Oṣù Kejì 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26160150 --&gt;

== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024: We are back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2024 general.jpg|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the forth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2024. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes.&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2024|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=26166467 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Report of the U4C Charter ratification and U4C Call for Candidates now available&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

I am writing to you today with two important pieces of information. First, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Vote results|report of the comments from the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter ratification]] is now available. Secondly, the call for candidates for the U4C is open now through April 1, 2024.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members are invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Per the charter, there are 16 seats on the U4C: eight community-at-large seats and eight regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement.

Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Meta-wiki]].

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 16:25, 5 Oṣù Kẹta 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26276337 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2024 Selection&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
: ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: ''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Dear all,

This year, the term of 4 (four) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Elections Committee]] will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Board Governance Committee created a Board Selection Working Group from Trustees who cannot be candidates in the 2024 community- and affiliate-selected trustee selection process composed of Dariusz Jemielniak, Nataliia Tymkiv, Esra'a Al Shafei, Kathy Collins, and Shani Evenstein Sigalov [3]. The group is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2024 trustee selection process, and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. 

Here are the key planned dates:

*  May 2024: Call for candidates and call for questions
*  June 2024: Affiliates vote to shortlist 12 candidates (no shortlisting if 15 or less candidates apply) [5]
*  June-August 2024: Campaign period
*  End of August / beginning of September 2024: Two-week community voting period
*  October–November 2024: Background check of selected candidates
*  Board's Meeting in December 2024: New trustees seated

Learn more about the 2024 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|this Meta-wiki page]], and make your plan.

'''Election Volunteers'''

Another way to be involved with the 2024 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Election Volunteers|Meta-wiki page]].

Best regards,

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Pundit|Dariusz Jemielniak]] (Governance Committee Chair, Board Selection Working Group)

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Results#Elected

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter

[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Minutes:2023-08-15#Governance_Committee

[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles

[5] Even though the ideal number is 12 candidates for 4 open seats, the shortlisting process will be triggered if there are more than 15 candidates because the 1-3 candidates that are removed might feel ostracized and it would be a lot of work for affiliates to carry out the shortlisting process to only eliminate 1-3 candidates from the candidate list.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]]19:57, 12 Oṣù Kẹta 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26349432 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read-only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2024-03-20|en}}'''. The test will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2024-03-20T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2024-03-20T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2024-03-20|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. There will be more notifications about this. A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. '''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]], 00:01, 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=25636619 --&gt;

== Global ban proposal for Slowking4 ==


Hello. This is to notify the community that there is an ongoing global ban proposal for [[User:Slowking4]] who has been active on this wiki. You are invited to participate at [[metawiki:Requests for comment/Global ban for Slowking4 (2)|m:Requests for comment/Global ban for Slowking4 (2)]]. Thank you. [[Oníṣe:Seawolf35|Seawolf35]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:Seawolf35|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 04:57, 15 Oṣù Kẹta 2024 (UTC)

==Page merge==
[[Diospyros blancoi]] and [[Diospyros Blancoi]] are duplicate pages about the same species and should be merged. The correct name format is Diospyros blancoi. Thanks! - [[Oníṣe:MPF|MPF]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MPF|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 00:02, 18 Oṣù Kẹta 2024 (UTC)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now to select members of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through May 9, 2024. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.

The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 20:20, 25 Oṣù Kẹrin 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Sign up for the language community meeting on May 31st, 16:00 UTC&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;Hello all,

The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks - May 31st at 16:00 UTC. If you're interested, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Language_engineering/Community_meetings#31_May_2024 sign up on this wiki page].

This is a participant-driven meeting, where we share language-specific updates related to various projects, collectively discuss technical issues related to language wikis, and work together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, the topics included the machine translation service (MinT) and the languages and models it currently supports, localization efforts from the Kiwix team, and technical challenges with numerical sorting in files used on Bengali Wikisource.

Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates related to your project? Any problems that you would like to bring for discussion during the meeting? Do you need interpretation support from English to another language? Please reach out to me at ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org and [[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-may-2024|add agenda items to the document here]].

We look forward to your participation!
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:22, 14 Oṣù Kàrún 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Feedback invited on Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

[[File:Sibling Project Lifecycle Conversation 3.png|150px|right|link=:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]

Dear community members,

The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] (CAC) of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] invites you to give feedback on a '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle|draft Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]'''. This draft Procedure outlines proposed steps and requirements for opening and closing Wikimedia Sibling Projects, and aims to ensure any newly approved projects are set up for success. This is separate from the procedures for opening or closing language versions of projects, which is handled by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language Committee]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Closing_projects_policy|closing projects policy]]. 

You can find the details on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle#Review|this page]], as well as the ways to give your feedback from today until the end of the day on '''June 23, 2024''', anywhere on Earth. 

You can also share information about this with the interested project communities you work with or support, and you can also help us translate the procedure into more languages, so people can join the discussions in their own language.

On behalf of the CAC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 02:25, 22 Oṣù Ẹ̀bìbì 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the first Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello,

The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote results. We are following up with the results of the first [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) election]]. 

We are pleased to announce the following individuals as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a two-year term:

* North America (USA and Canada)
** –
* Northern and Western Europe
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ghilt|Ghilt]]
* Latin America and Caribbean
** –
* Central and East Europe (CEE)
** —
* Sub-Saharan Africa
** –
* Middle East and North Africa
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ibrahim.ID|Ibrahim.ID]]
* East, South East Asia and Pacific (ESEAP)
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:0xDeadbeef|0xDeadbeef]]
* South Asia
** –

The following individuals are elected to be community-at-large members of the U4C, fulfilling a one-year term:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Superpes15|Superpes15]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Civvì|Civvì]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Luke081515|Luke081515]]
* –
* –
* –
* –

Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community.

Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. Follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-wiki]].

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 08:15, 3 Oṣù Òkúdu 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== Invitation to participate in the #WPWPCampaign 2024 ==

Dear community members,

We are inviting you to participate in the Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2024 campaign, a global contest scheduled to run from July through August 2024:

Participants will choose among Wikipedia pages without photo images, then add a suitable file from among the many thousands of photos in the Wikimedia Commons, especially those uploaded from thematic contests (Wiki Loves Africa, Wiki Loves Earth, Wiki Loves Folklore, etc.) over the years.

In its first year (2020), 36 Wikimedia communities in 27 countries joined the campaign. Events relating to the campaign included training organized by at least 18 Wikimedia communities in 14 countries.

The campaign resulted in the addition of media files (photos, audios and videos) to more than 90,000 Wikipedia articles in 272 languages.

Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos (WPWP) offers an ideal task for recruiting and guiding new editors through the steps of adding content to existing pages. Besides individual participation, the WPWP campaign can be used by user groups and chapters to organize editing workshops and edit-a-thons.

The organizing team is looking for a contact person to coordinate WPWP participation your language Wikipedia. We’d be glad for you to sign up directly at [[:meta:Wikipedia_Pages_Wanting_Photos_2024/Participating_Communities|WPWP Participating Communities page]] on Meta-Wiki.

Thank you,

[[:w:en:User:Reading Beans|Reading Beans]]  / readthebeans{{@}}gmail.com)&lt;br/&gt;
Project manager and coordinator&lt;br/&gt;
Wikipedia Pages Wanting Photos 2024
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Ammarpad@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_Pages_Wanting_Photos/Distribution_list&amp;oldid=26836490 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;The final text of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now on Meta&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hi everyone,

The final text of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] is now up on Meta in more than 20 languages for your reading.

'''What is the Wikimedia Movement Charter?'''

The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a proposed document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance.

'''Join the Wikimedia Movement Charter “Launch Party”'''

Join the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Movement Charter Launch Party|“Launch Party”]] on '''June 20, 2024''' at '''14.00-15.00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1718892000 your local time]). During this call, we will celebrate the release of the final Charter and present the content of the Charter. Join and learn about the Charter before casting your vote.

'''Movement Charter ratification vote'''

Voting will commence on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC.''' You can read more about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voting process, eligibility criteria, and other details]] on Meta.

If you have any questions, please leave a comment on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]] or email the MCDC at [mailto:mcdc@wikimedia.org mcdc@wikimedia.org].

On behalf of the MCDC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 08:45, 11 Oṣù Òkúdu 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now open – cast your vote&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

The voting to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|'''Wikimedia Movement Charter''']] is now open. The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance.

The final version of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|available on Meta in different languages]] and attached [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Movement_Charter_(June_2024).pdf here in PDF format] for your reading.

Voting commenced on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC'''. Please read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voter information and eligibility details]].

After reading the Charter, please [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|'''vote here''']] and share this note further.

If you have any questions about the ratification vote, please contact the Charter Electoral Commission at [mailto:cec@wikimedia.org '''cec@wikimedia.org'''].

On behalf of the CEC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 10:52, 25 Oṣù Òkúdu 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is ending soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

This is a kind reminder that the voting period to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] will be closed on '''July 9, 2024''', at '''23:59 UTC'''.

If you have not voted yet, please vote [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|on SecurePoll]]. 

On behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral_Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]],&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 03:47, 8 Oṣù Agẹmọ 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;U4C Special Election - Call for Candidates&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

A special election has been called to fill additional vacancies on the U4C. The call for candidates phase is open from now through July 19, 2024.

The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the [[:foundation:Wikimedia Foundation Universal Code of Conduct|UCoC]]. Community members are invited to submit their applications in the special election for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please review the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|U4C Charter]].

In this special election, according to [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#2. Elections and Terms|chapter 2 of the U4C charter]], there are 9 seats available on the U4C: '''four''' community-at-large seats and '''five''' regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement. [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#5. Glossary|No more than two members of the U4C can be elected from the same home wiki]]. Therefore, candidates must not have English Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, or Italian Wikipedia as their home wiki.

Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Meta-wiki]].

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:03, 10 Oṣù Agẹmọ 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Movement Charter ratification voting results&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

After carefully tallying both individual and affiliate votes, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]] is pleased to announce the final results of the Wikimedia Movement Charter voting.  

As [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter#Thank you for your participation in the Movement Charter ratification vote!|communicated]] by the Charter Electoral Commission, we reached the quorum for both Affiliate and individual votes by the time the vote closed on '''July 9, 23:59 UTC'''. We thank all 2,451 individuals and 129 Affiliate representatives who voted in the ratification process. Your votes and comments are invaluable for the future steps in Movement Strategy.

The final results of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] ratification voting held between 25 June and 9 July 2024 are as follows: 

'''Individual vote:'''

Out of 2,451 individuals who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 2,446 have been accepted as valid votes. Among these, '''1,710''' voted “yes”; '''623''' voted “no”; and '''113''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 73.30% voted to approve the Charter (1710/2333), while 26.70% voted to reject the Charter (623/2333).

'''Affiliates vote:'''

Out of 129 Affiliates designated voters who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 129 votes are confirmed as valid votes. Among these, '''93''' voted “yes”; '''18''' voted “no”; and '''18''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 83.78% voted to approve the Charter (93/111), while 16.22% voted to reject the Charter (18/111).

'''Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation:'''

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees voted '''not to ratify''' the proposed Charter during their special Board meeting on July 8, 2024. The Chair of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees, Nataliia Tymkiv, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Board_resolution_and_vote_on_the_proposed_Movement_Charter|shared the result of the vote, the resolution, meeting minutes and proposed next steps]].  

With this, the Wikimedia Movement Charter in its current revision is '''not ratified'''.

We thank you for your participation in this important moment in our movement’s governance.

The Charter Electoral Commission,

[[m:User:Abhinav619|Abhinav619]], [[m:User:Borschts|Borschts]], [[m:User:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]], [[m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], [[m:User:Der-Wir-Ing|Der-Wir-Ing]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 17:52, 18 Oṣù Agẹmọ 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now to fill vacancies of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through '''August 10, 2024'''. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.

The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 02:48, 27 Oṣù Agẹmọ 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Reminder! Vote closing soon to fill vacancies of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

The voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is closing soon. It is open through 10 August 2024. Read the information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024_Special_Election#Voting|the voting page on Meta-wiki to learn more about voting and voter eligibility]]. If you are eligible to vote and have not voted in this special election, it is important that you vote now.

'''Why should you vote?''' The U4C is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community input into the committee membership is critical to the success of the UCoC.

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 15:31, 6 Oṣù Ògún 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Coming soon: A new sub-referencing feature – try it!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Sub-referencing&quot;/&gt;
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|{{#ifeq:{{#dir}}|ltr|right|left}}|400px]]
Hello. For many years, community members have requested an easy way to re-use references with different details. Now, a MediaWiki solution is coming: The new sub-referencing feature will work for wikitext and Visual Editor and will enhance the existing reference system. You can continue to use different ways of referencing, but you will probably encounter sub-references in articles written by other users. More information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|the project page]].

'''We want your feedback''' to make sure this feature works well for you:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|Please try]] the current state of development on beta wiki and [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|let us know what you think]]. 
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Sign-up|Sign up here]] to get updates and/or invites to participate in user research activities.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes]] team is planning to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We will reach out to creators/maintainers of tools and templates related to references beforehand.

Please help us spread the message. --[[m:User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 10:36, 19 August 2024 (UTC)
&lt;section end=&quot;Sub-referencing&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&amp;oldid=27309345 --&gt;

== Sign up for the language community meeting on August 30th, 15:00 UTC ==

Hi all,

The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks—on August 30th at 15:00 UTC. If you're interested in joining, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#30_August_2024 sign up on this wiki page].

This participant-driven meeting will focus on sharing language-specific updates related to various projects, discussing technical issues related to language wikis, and working together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, topics included the Language Converter, the state of language research, updates on the Incubator conversations, and technical challenges around external links not working with special characters on Bengali sites.

Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates or discuss challenges? Please add agenda items to the document [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/language-community-meeting-aug-2024 here] and reach out to ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org. We look forward to your participation!

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 23:20, 22 Oṣù Ògún 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/board-elections@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/OKCCN2CANIH2K7DXJOL2GPVDFWL27R7C/ Original message at wikimedia-l]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Elections Committee|Elections Committee]] have certified the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Results|results]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) special election]].

I am pleased to announce the following individual as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a term until 15 June 2026:

* North America (USA and Canada)
** Ajraddatz

The following seats were not filled during this special election:

* Latin America and Caribbean
* Central and East Europe (CEE)
* Sub-Saharan Africa
* South Asia
* The four remaining Community-At-Large seats

Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community.

Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. You can follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-Wiki]].

On behalf of the U4C and the Elections Committee,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 14:06, 2 Oṣù Òwéwe 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Have your say: Vote for the 2024 Board of Trustees!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Hello all,

The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. There are twelve (12) candidates running for four (4) seats on the Board.

Learn more about the candidates by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Candidates|reading their statements]] and their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Questions_for_candidates|answers to community questions]].

When you are ready, go to the [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/400|SecurePoll]] voting page to vote. '''The vote is open from September 3rd at 00:00 UTC to September 17th at 23:59 UTC'''.

To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Best regards,

The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 12:14, 3 Oṣù Òwéwe 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read-only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2024-09-25|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2024-09-25T15:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2024-09-25T15:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2024-09-25|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. 

'''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Trizek_(WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]], 09:38, 20 Oṣù Òwéwe 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=27248326 --&gt;

== 'Wikidata item' link is moving. Find out where... ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Apologies for cross-posting in English. Please consider translating this message.&lt;/i&gt;{{tracked|T66315}}

Hello everyone, a small change will soon be coming to the user-interface of your Wikimedia project.
The [[d:Q16222597|Wikidata item]] [[w:|sitelink]] currently found under the &lt;span style=&quot;color: #54595d;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''General''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt; section of the '''Tools''' sidebar menu will move into the &lt;span style=&quot;color: #54595d;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''In Other Projects''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt; section.

We would like the Wiki communities feedback so please let us know or ask questions on the   [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Discussion page]] before we enable the change which can take place October 4 2024, circa 15:00 UTC+2.
More information can be found on [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|the project page]].&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We welcome your feedback and questions.&lt;br&gt; [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 18:56, 27 Oṣù Òwéwe 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&amp;oldid=27524260 --&gt;

== Invitation to Participate in Wiki Loves Ramadan Community Engagement Survey ==

Dear all,

Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language.
We are excited to announce the upcoming [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan|Wiki Loves Ramadan]] event, a global initiative aimed at celebrating Ramadan by enriching Wikipedia and its sister projects with content related to this significant time of year. As we plan to organize this event globally, your insights and experiences are crucial in shaping the best possible participation experience for the community.

To ensure that Wiki Loves Ramadan is engaging, inclusive, and impactful, we kindly invite you to participate in our community engagement survey. Your feedback will help us understand the needs of the community, set the event's focus, and guide our strategies for organizing this global event.

Survey link: https://forms.gle/f66MuzjcPpwzVymu5

Please take a few minutes to share your thoughts. Your input will make a difference!

Thank you for being a part of our journey to make Wiki Loves Ramadan a success.


Warm regards,

User:ZI Jony 03:20, 6 Oṣù Ọ̀wàrà 2024 (UTC)

Wiki Loves Ramadan Organizing Team
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=27510935 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Preliminary results of the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Hello all,

Thank you to everyone who participated in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]. Close to 6000 community members from more than 180 wiki projects have voted.

The following four candidates were the most voted:

# [[User:Kritzolina|Christel Steigenberger]]
# [[User:Nadzik|Maciej Artur Nadzikiewicz]]
# [[User:Victoria|Victoria Doronina]]
# [[User:Laurentius|Lorenzo Losa]]

While these candidates have been ranked through the vote, they still need to be appointed to the Board of Trustees. They need to pass a successful background check and meet the qualifications outlined in the Bylaws. New trustees will be appointed at the next Board meeting in December 2024.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Results|Learn more about the results on Meta-Wiki.]]

Best regards,

The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group

&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]] 08:26, 14 Oṣù Ọ̀wàrà 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. 

Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]]

Applications for the committees open on 16 October 2024. Applications for the Affiliations Committee close on 18 November 2024, and applications for the Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on 2 December 2024. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation/Legal/Committee_appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email [mailto:cst@wikimedia.org cst@wikimedia.org] with any questions you may have.

For the Committee Support team,
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:08, 16 Oṣù Ọ̀wàrà 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27601062 --&gt;

== 'Wikidata item' link is moving, finally. ==

Hello everyone, I previously wrote on the 27th September to advise that the ''Wikidata item'' sitelink will change places in the sidebar menu, moving from the '''General''' section into the '''In Other Projects''' section. The scheduled rollout date of 04.10.2024 was delayed due to a necessary request for Mobile/MinervaNeue skin. I am happy to inform that the global rollout can now proceed and will occur later today, 22.10.2024 at 15:00 UTC-2. [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Please let us know]] if you notice any problems or bugs after this change. There should be no need for null-edits or purging cache for the changes to occur. Kind regards, -[[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] 11:28, 22 Oṣù Ọ̀wàrà 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&amp;oldid=27535421 --&gt;

== Final Reminder: Join us in Making Wiki Loves Ramadan Success ==

Dear all,

We’re thrilled to announce the Wiki Loves Ramadan event, a global initiative to celebrate Ramadan by enhancing Wikipedia and its sister projects with valuable content related to this special time of year. As we organize this event globally, we need your valuable input to make it a memorable experience for the community.

Last Call to Participate in Our Survey: To ensure that Wiki Loves Ramadan is inclusive and impactful, we kindly request you to complete our community engagement survey. Your feedback will shape the event’s focus and guide our organizing strategies to better meet community needs.

* Survey Link: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSffN4prPtR5DRSq9nH-t1z8hG3jZFBbySrv32YoxV8KbTwxig/viewform?usp=sf_link Complete the Survey]
* Deadline: November 10, 2024
Please take a few minutes to share your thoughts. Your input will truly make a difference!

'''Volunteer Opportunity''': Join the Wiki Loves Ramadan Team! We’re seeking dedicated volunteers for key team roles essential to the success of this initiative. If you’re interested in volunteer roles, we invite you to apply.
* Application Link: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfXiox_eEDH4yJ0gxVBgtL7jPe41TINAWYtpNp1JHSk8zhdgw/viewform?usp=sf_link Apply Here]
* Application Deadline: October 31, 2024
Explore Open Positions: For a detailed list of roles and their responsibilities, please refer to the position descriptions here: [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1oy0_tilC6kow5GGf6cEuFvdFpekcubCqJlaxkxh-jT4/ Position Descriptions]

Thank you for being part of this journey. We look forward to working together to make Wiki Loves Ramadan a success!


Warm regards,&lt;br&gt;
The Wiki Loves Ramadan Organizing Team 05:13, 29 Oṣù Ọ̀wàrà 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=27568454 --&gt;

==Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Yoruba Wikipedia==
{{Int:Hello}} Yoruba Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Yoruba Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[File:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[File:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|link=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 20th November 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[Oníṣe:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:UOzurumba (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 02:34, 7 Oṣù Bélú 2024 (UTC)

== Sign up for the language community meeting on November 29th, 16:00 UTC ==

Hello everyone,

The next language community meeting is coming up next week, on November 29th, at 16:00 UTC (Zonestamp! For your timezone &lt;https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000&gt;). If you're interested in joining, you can sign up on this wiki page: &lt;https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#29_November_2024&gt;.

This participant-driven meeting will be organized by the Wikimedia Foundation’s Language Product Localization team and the Language Diversity Hub. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Moore Wikipedia, and the language support track at Wiki Indaba. We will also have members from the Wayuunaiki community joining us to share their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community within our movement. This meeting will have a Spanish interpretation.

Looking forward to seeing you at the language community meeting! Cheers, [[User:SSethi (WMF)|Srishti]] 19:54, 21 Oṣù Bélú 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27746256 --&gt;

== Launching! Join Us for Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025! ==

Dear All,

We’re happy to announce the launch of [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025]], an annual international campaign dedicated to celebrating and preserving Islamic cultures and history through the power of Wikipedia. As an active contributor to the Local Wikipedia, you are specially invited to participate in the launch. 

This year’s campaign will be launched for you to join us write, edit, and improve articles that showcase the richness and diversity of Islamic traditions, history, and culture.

* Topic: [[m:Event:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 Campaign Launch|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 Campaign Launch]]
* When: Jan 19, 2025 
* Time: 16:00 Universal Time UTC and runs throughout Ramadan (starting February 25, 2025).
* Join Zoom Meeting: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/88420056597?pwd=NdrpqIhrwAVPeWB8FNb258n7qngqqo.1 
* Zoom meeting hosted by [[m:Wikimedia Bangladesh|Wikimedia Bangladesh]]

To get started, visit the [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025|campaign page]] for details, resources, and guidelines: Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025.

Add [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Participant|your community here]], and organized Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 in your local language.

Whether you’re a first-time editor or an experienced Wikipedian, your contributions matter. Together, we can ensure Islamic cultures and traditions are well-represented and accessible to all.

Feel free to invite your community and friends too. Kindly reach out if you have any questions or need support as you prepare to participate.

Let’s make Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025 a success!

For the [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2025/Team|International Team]] 12:08, 16 Oṣù Ṣẹ̀rẹ́ 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=27568454 --&gt;

== Enabling Dark mode for logged-out users in this Wikipedia ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:Hello}} Wikipedians,

Apologies, as this message is not written in your native language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]] will be enabling [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|dark mode]] here on your Wikipedia by February 2025 now that pages on your wiki have passed our checks for accessibility and other quality checks. Congratulations!

The plan to enable is made possible by the diligent work of editors and other technical contributors in your community who ensured that templates, gadgets, and other parts of pages can be accessible in dark mode. Thank you all for making dark mode available for everybody!

For context, the Web team has concluded work on dark mode. If, on some wikis, the option is not yet available for logged-out users, this is likely because many pages do not yet display well in dark mode. As communities make progress on this work, we enable this feature on additional wikis once per month.

If you notice any issues after enabling dark mode, please create a page: &lt;code&gt;Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Reporting/xx.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt; in MediaWiki ([[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Reporting|like these pages]]), and report the issue in the created page.

Thank you!

On behalf of the [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:14, 21 Oṣù Ṣẹ̀rẹ́ 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox_Dark_mode_deployment_list_(February_2025)&amp;oldid=28153450 --&gt;

== Universal Code of Conduct annual review: provide your comments on the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.

I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 01:11, 24 Oṣù Ṣẹ̀rẹ́ 2025 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27746256 --&gt;

== Feminism and Folklore 2025 starts soon ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2025, to March 31, 2025 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta project page]].

This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools''']

Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]]'''

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 02:36, 29 Oṣù Ṣẹ̀rẹ́ 2025 (UTC)

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore 2025]]''' an international media contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2025 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''
--[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 02:36, 29 Oṣù Ṣẹ̀rẹ́ 2025 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=26503019 --&gt;

== Reminder: first part of the annual UCoC review closes soon ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.

This is a reminder that the first phase of the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines will be closing soon. You can make suggestions for changes through [[d:Q614092|the end of day]], 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. After review of the feedback, proposals for updated text will be published on Meta in March for another round of community review. 

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:49, 3 Oṣù Èrèlé 2025 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28198931 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; Upcoming Language Community Meeting (Feb 28th, 14:00 UTC) and Newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Hello everyone!
[[File:WP20Symbols WIKI INCUBATOR.svg|right|frameless|150x150px|alt=An image symbolising multiple languages]]
We’re excited to announce that the next '''Language Community Meeting''' is happening soon, '''February 28th at 14:00 UTC'''! If you’d like to join, simply sign up on the '''[[mw:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#28_February_2025|wiki page]]'''.

This is a participant-driven meeting where we share updates on language-related projects, discuss technical challenges in language wikis, and collaborate on solutions. In our last meeting, we covered topics like developing language keyboards, creating the Moore Wikipedia, and updates from the language support track at Wiki Indaba.

'''Got a topic to share?''' Whether it’s a technical update from your project, a challenge you need help with, or a request for interpretation support, we’d love to hear from you! Feel free to '''reply to this message''' or add agenda items to the document '''[[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-feb-2025|here]]'''.

Also, we wanted to highlight that the sixth edition of the Language &amp; Internationalization newsletter (January 2025) is available here: [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January]]. This newsletter provides updates from the October–December 2024 quarter on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects and support efforts, details about community meetings, and ideas for contributing to projects. To stay updated, you can subscribe to the newsletter on its wiki page: [[:mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter]].

We look forward to your ideas and participation at the language community meeting, see you there!
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 08:29, 22 Oṣù Èrèlé 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28217779 --&gt;

== Universal Code of Conduct annual review: proposed changes are available for comment ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.

I am writing to you to let you know that [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|proposed changes]] to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter]] are open for review. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|You can provide feedback on suggested changes]]''' through the [[d:Q614092|end of day]] on Tuesday, 18 March 2025. This is the second step in the annual review process, the final step will be community voting on the proposed changes.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find relevant links about the process on the UCoC annual review page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 18:51, 7 Oṣù Ẹ̀rẹ̀nà 2025 (UTC)

&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28307738 --&gt;

== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:hello}} Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.
Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread. 

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:56, 13 Oṣù Ẹ̀rẹ̀nà 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox_CX_Unified_dashboard_announcement_list_1&amp;oldid=28382282 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read-only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2025-03-19|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2025-03-19T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2025-03-19T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. 

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-03-19|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. 

'''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:14, 14 Oṣù Ẹ̀rẹ̀nà 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=28307742 --&gt;

== Final proposed modifications to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter now posted ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The proposed modifications to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] and the U4C Charter [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Proposed_Changes|are now on Meta-wiki for community notice]] in advance of the voting period. This final draft was developed from the previous two rounds of community review. Community members will be able to vote on these modifications starting on 17 April 2025. The vote will close on 1 May 2025, and results will be announced no later than 12 May 2025. The U4C election period, starting with a call for candidates, will open immediately following the announcement of the review results. More information will be posted on [[m:Special:MyLanguage//Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election|the wiki page for the election]] soon.

Please be advised that this process will require more messages to be sent here over the next two months. 

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 02:04, 4 Oṣù Igbe 2025 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28469465 --&gt;

== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! 

The most active contesters will receive prizes.

If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.
&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt;

16:11, 16 Oṣù Igbe 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Hide on Rosé@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&amp;oldid=28552112 --&gt;

== Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines (&quot;UCoC EG&quot;) and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:35, 17 Oṣù Igbe 2025 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28469465 --&gt;

== Sub-referencing: User testing ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]]
&lt;small&gt;''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''&lt;/small&gt;

Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further:

#'''Try it out and share your feedback'''
#:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. 
#'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs'''
#:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''.

We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well.

Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! &lt;/div&gt; &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:04, 28 Oṣù Igbe 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&amp;oldid=28628657 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Vote on proposed modifications to the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter closes on 1 May 2025 at 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community in your language, as appropriate, so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C -- &lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Oṣù Igbe 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28618011 --&gt;

== We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! ==

''(Apologies for posting in English)''

Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them.

As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]].

After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki.

The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org.

If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]].

Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Oṣù Ẹ̀bìbì 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&amp;oldid=28663781 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]].

You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC.

If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, &lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|ọ̀rọ̀]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:07, 15 Oṣù Ẹ̀bìbì 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28618011 --&gt;

== RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)''

Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. 

We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation.

You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 15:27, 22 Oṣù Ẹ̀bìbì 2025 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&amp;oldid=28768453 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 Selection &amp; Call for Questions&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

This year, the term of 2 (two) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats.

The Elections Committee will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Governance Committee, composed of trustees who are not candidates in the 2025 community-and-affiliate-selected trustee selection process (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina and Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2025 trustee selection process and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4].

Here are the key planned dates:

* May 22 – June 5: Announcement (this communication) and call for questions period [6]
* June 17 – July 1, 2025: Call for candidates
* July 2025: If needed, affiliates vote to shortlist candidates if more than 10 apply [5]
* August 2025: Campaign period
* August – September 2025: Two-week community voting period
* October – November 2025: Background check of selected candidates
* Board’s Meeting in December 2025: New trustees seated

Learn more about the 2025 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[link]]].

'''Call for Questions'''

In each selection process, the community has the opportunity to submit questions for the Board of Trustees candidates to answer. The Election Committee selects questions from the list developed by the community for the candidates to answer. Candidates must answer all the required questions in the application in order to be eligible; otherwise their application will be disqualified. This year, the Election Committee will select 5 questions for the candidates to answer. The selected questions may be a combination of what’s been submitted from the community, if they’re alike or related. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[link]]]

'''Election Volunteers'''

Another way to be involved with the 2025 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[link].]]

Thank you!

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter

[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024

[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles

[5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ

[6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates

Best regards,

Victoria Doronina

Board Liaison to the Elections Committee

Governance Committee&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 03:08, 28 Oṣù Ẹ̀bìbì 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28618011 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  Upcoming Deployment of the CampaignEvents Extension&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Hello everyone,  

''(Apologies for posting in English if English is not your first language. Please help translate to your language.)''

The Campaigns Product Team is planning a global deployment of the '''[[:mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]]''' to all Wikipedias, including this wiki, during the '''week of June 23rd'''.

This extension is designed to help organizers plan and manage events, WikiProjects, and other on-wiki collaborations - and to make these efforts more discoverable.

The three main features of this extension are:

* '''[[:m:Event_Center/Registration|Event Registration]]''': A simple way to sign up for events on the wiki.
*  '''[[:m:CampaignEvents/Collaboration_list|Collaboration List]]''': A global list of events and a local list of WikiProjects, accessible at '''[[:m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]]'''.
*  '''[[:m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Invitation_list|Invitation Lists]]''': A tool to help organizers find editors who might want to join, based on their past contributions.

'''Note''': The extension comes with a new user right called '''&quot;Event Organizer&quot;''', which will be managed by administrators on this wiki. Organizer tools like Event Registration and Invitation Lists will only work if someone is granted this right. The Collaboration List is available to everyone immediately after deployment.

The extension is already live on several wikis, including '''Meta, Wikidata, English Wikipedia''', and more ( [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#Current_Deployment_Status_for_CampaignEvents_extension| See the full deployment list]])

If you have any questions, concerns, or feedback, please feel free to share them on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents| extension talkpage]]. We’d love to hear from you before the rollout.

Thank you! &lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[User talk:Udehb-WMF|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 16:48, 29 Oṣù Ẹ̀bìbì 2025 (UTC)&lt;/bdi&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Udehb-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Udehb-WMF/sandbox/deployment_audience&amp;oldid=28803829 --&gt;

== Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}

Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC].

Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Oṣù Òkúdu 2025 (UTC) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28848819 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;
Hello all,

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position.

This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3]

Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election.

Best regards,

Abhishek Suryawanshi&lt;br /&gt;
Chair of the Elections Committee

On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term.

[3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 17:44, 17 Oṣù Òkúdu 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=28866958 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Dear Wikimedia Community,

The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]]  of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]].

A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity.

Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact.

Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement.

Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate.

Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended.

=== Wikispore ===

The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects.

After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. 

We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future.

As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting.

Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed.

=== Wikinews ===

We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways.

Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf &lt;nowiki&gt;[1]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 &lt;nowiki&gt;[2]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F &lt;nowiki&gt;[3]&lt;/nowiki&gt;] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years.

While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews &lt;nowiki&gt;[4]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F &lt;nowiki&gt;[5]&lt;/nowiki&gt;, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? &lt;nowiki&gt;[6]&lt;/nowiki&gt;].

[[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews.

Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs.

SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives.

'''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to:
*Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects,
*Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace,
*Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects,
*Archive Wikinews projects.
Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels.

=== Feedback and next steps ===

We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language.

I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. 
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Oṣù Òkúdu 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&amp;oldid=28911188 --&gt;

== Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes ==

''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)''

Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations.

The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''.
The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below:
[[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]]

These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages.

Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change.

Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]].

Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 12:46, 14 Oṣù Agẹmọ 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&amp;oldid=28981877 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Temporary accounts will be rolled out soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;body&quot;/&gt;
Hello, we are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]] team. We would like to announce that '''we plan to enable [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] for this wiki in the week of September 1'''.

Temporary accounts are successfully live on 30 wikis, including many large ones like German, Japanese, and French. The change they bring is especially relevant to logged-out editors, who this feature is designed to protect. But it is also relevant to community members like mentors, patrollers, and admins – anyone who reverts edits, blocks users, or otherwise interacts with logged-out editors as part of keeping the wikis safe and accurate. 

'''Why we are building temporary accounts'''

Our wikis should be safer to edit by default for logged-out editors. Temporary accounts allow people to continue editing the wikis without creating an account, while avoiding publicly tying their edits to their IP address. We believe this is in the best interest of our logged-out editors, who make valuable contributions to the wikis and who may later create accounts and grow our community of editors, admins, and other roles. Even though the wikis do warn logged-out editors that their IP address will be associated with their edit, many people may not understand what an IP address is, or that it could be used to connect them to other information about them in ways they might not expect. 

Additionally, our moderation software and tools rely too heavily on network origin (IP addresses) to identify users and patterns of activity, especially as IP addresses themselves are becoming less stable as identifiers. Temporary accounts allow for more precise interactions with logged-out editors, including more precise blocks, and can help limit how often we unintentionally end up blocking good-faith users who use the same IP addresses as bad-faith users.

'''How temporary accounts work'''
[[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb]]
Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;~2025-12345-67&lt;/code&gt; (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after its creation. As long as it exists, all edits made from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it.

'''What does this mean for different groups of users?'''

'''For logged-out editors'''

* This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki.
* If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice.

'''For community members interacting with logged-out editors'''

* A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address).
* Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community.

'''For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki'''

* '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range ([[Special:IPContributions]]). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.)
* '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''':
** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblock]] option.
** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range.
* Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this.

'''Our requests for you, and next steps'''

* If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers#How should I update my code?|how your code might need to be updated]].
* If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in.
* Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options.
* Look at our [[m:Meta:Babel#Temporary_Accounts:_access_to_IP_addresses_and_next_steps|previous message]] about requirements for users without extended rights who may need access to IP addresses.

To learn more about the project, check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|look at the updates]] (we have just posted one) and [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you!&lt;section end=&quot;body&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:user:NKohli (WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]], [[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:36, 26 Oṣù Ògún 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox6&amp;oldid=29181713 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Server switch - Your wiki will be read-only for a short time soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2025-09-24T15:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2025-09-24T15:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. 
You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&amp;task=view&amp;language=&amp;filter=&amp;action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

*You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2025-09-24|en}}.
*If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

*Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. 

'''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])&lt;/span&gt; 15:41, 18 Oṣù Òwéwe 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=29170715 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Have your say: vote for the 2025 Board of Trustees&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Hello all,

The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|2025 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Candidates are running for two (2) seats on the Board.

To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Learn more about them by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|reading their application statements and watch their candidacy videos]].

When you are ready, go to the [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll voting page to vote]].

'''The vote is open from October 8 at 00:00 UTC to October 22 at 23:59 UTC.'''

Best regards,

Abhishek Suryawanshi&lt;br /&gt;Chair, Elections Committee&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 04:48, 9 Oṣù Ọ̀wàrà 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=29360896 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;function1&quot;/&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere).

There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;section end=&quot;function1&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Oṣù Ọ̀wàrà 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=29432175 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. 

Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]]

Applications for the committees open on October 30, 2025. Applications for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on December 11, 2025. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with any questions you may have.

For the Committee Support team,
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 Oṣù Ọ̀wàrà 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:MKaur (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=29517125 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;function2&quot;/&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki&lt;/span&gt;. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;section end=&quot;function2&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 Oṣù Bélú 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=29583860 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Migration to Parsoid&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;em&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Parsoid Read Views/Read View Announcement|Read this in another language]]&lt;/em&gt;

Hello everyone! I am glad to inform you that as the next step in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, Parsoid will soon be turned on as the default article renderer on your wiki. We are gradually increasing the number of wikis using Parsoid, with the intention of making it the default wikitext parser for MediaWiki's next long-term support release. This will make our wikis more reliable and consistent for editors, readers, and tools to use, as well as making the development of future wikitext features easier.

If this disrupts your workflow, don’t worry! You can still opt out through a user preference or turn Parsoid off on the current page using the Tools submenu, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation.

There is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Confidence Framework|more information about our roll-out strategy]] available, including the testing done before we turn on Parsoid for a new wiki.

To report bugs and issues, please look at our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Known Issues|known issues]] documentation and if you found a new bug please create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]].
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:User:ABreault (WMF)|Content Transform Team]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:43, 28 Oṣù Bélú 2025 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ABreault (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Foundation/Product_and_Technology/Parsoid_Read_Views/2025-12-01_Wikipedias&amp;oldid=29723884 --&gt;

== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:44, 16 Oṣù Ṣẹ̀rẹ́ 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=29879549 --&gt;

== Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 

Dear Wiki Community,

We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia.

The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects.

;About the Campaign 
'''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices.

;What Can Participants Write About? 
Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to:

* Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations  
* Folk dances, music, and traditional performances  
* Women and queer figures in folklore  
* Women in mythology and oral traditions  
* Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives  
* Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends  
* Folk games, sports, and cultural practices  

Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools.

;How to Sign Up as an Organizer 
Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community:

# Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] 
# Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool  
# Prepare a local article list and clearly mention:
#* Campaign timeline  
#* Local and international prizes  
# Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]]  
# Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]'''

;Campaign Tools

The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants:

* '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats.
* '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore.

Both tools are now available for use in the campaign.  '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]'''

;Learn More &amp; Get Support
For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''.

If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via:
* '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]'''
* Email us using details on the contact page.

;Join Us 
We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia.

Thank you and best wishes,
  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]'''

----

''Stay connected:''  
[[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp;
[[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
Hello everyone,

We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe.

;About Wiki Loves Folklore 

'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight:
* Folk traditions and rituals  
* Cultural festivals and celebrations  
* Traditional attire and crafts 
* Performing arts, music, and dance  
* Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage  

Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world.

[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] 

; Host a Local Edition 

As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to:
* Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture  
* Engage new contributors in your community  
* Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content  

'''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:'''  

If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know.

If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region.

;Get in Touch 
If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via:

* The project Talk pages  
* Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org'''

We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail.

Warm regards,  

'''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''
&lt;/div&gt;
[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 13:21, 18 Oṣù Ṣẹ̀rẹ́ 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=29228188 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

21:02, 19 Oṣù Ṣẹ̀rẹ́ 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=29905753 --&gt;

== Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Dear Wikipedians!

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''.

The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences.

🧩'''How to participate?'''

Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine.

🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''.

'''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.'''

If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&amp;messages=&amp;language=en&amp;x=D banner] into your own language.

Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! 

[[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&amp;oldid=28552112 --&gt;

== Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) ==

Hello everyone,

This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as &lt;code&gt;Module:Itemgroup/list&lt;/code&gt;).

'''The Change:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. 

We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''.

'''What You Need To Do:'''&lt;br /&gt;
To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search.

'''Deadline:'''&lt;br /&gt;
We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles.

Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 17:11, 3 Oṣù Igbe 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=29941252 --&gt;

== Request for comment (global AI policy) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}
A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[Oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ọ̀rọ̀ oníṣe:MediaWiki message delivery|ọ̀rọ̀]]) 00:58, 26 Oṣù Igbe 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/bdi&gt;

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=30424282 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now in the 2026 U4C election&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC].

Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:15, 27 Oṣù Ẹ̀bìbì 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=30513860 --&gt;

== RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|ọ̀rọ̀]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:12, 23 Oṣù Òkúdu 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=30513860 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
'''Legal &amp; Safety Contacts'''

Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]].

&lt;section end=&quot;Message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:30, 25 Oṣù Òkúdu 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&amp;oldid=30731267 --&gt;

== Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}}
You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]])  12:25, 24 Oṣù Agẹmọ 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/bdi&gt;

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:DreamRimmer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=30513860 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Server switch - Your wiki will be read-only for a short time soon&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster.

All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2026-09-23|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2026-09-23T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2026-09-23T14:00}}]'''.

Unfortunately, because of some limitations in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]], all editing must stop while the switch is made. We apologize for this disruption, and we are working to minimize it in the future. 

A banner will be displayed on all wikis 30 minutes before this operation happens. This banner will remain visible until the end of the operation. 
You can contribute to the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=Centralnotice-tgroup-read_only_banner&amp;task=view&amp;language=&amp;filter=&amp;action=translate translation or proofreading] of this banner text.

'''You will be able to read, but not edit, all wikis for a short period of time.'''

* You will not be able to edit for up to an hour on {{#time:l j xg Y|2026-09-23|en}}.
* If you try to edit or save during these times, you will see an error message. We hope that no edits will be lost during these minutes, but we can't guarantee it. If you see the error message, then please wait until everything is back to normal. Then you should be able to save your edit. But, we recommend that you make a copy of your changes first, just in case.

''Other effects'':

* Background jobs will be slower and some may be dropped. Red links might not be updated as quickly as normal. If you create an article that is already linked somewhere else, the link will stay red longer than usual. Some long-running scripts will have to be stopped.
* We expect the code deployments to happen as any other week. However, some case-by-case code freezes could punctually happen if the operation require them afterwards.
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]] will be unavailable for about 90 minutes.

This project may be postponed if necessary. You can [[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|read the schedule at wikitech.wikimedia.org]]. Any changes will be announced in the schedule. 

'''Please share this information with your community.'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] 12:58, 15 Oṣù Òwéwe 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=30513874 --&gt;

== Your feedback wanted: Remove ''(Language link added:) and similar'' edits from Special:RecentChanges ==
''(Apologies for posting in English. You can help by translating it)''

Hello, I’m Danny from [[:en:w:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland’s]] [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team.&lt;br/&gt;
We have been investigating and examining how Wikidata’s use in the [[Special:RecentChanges]] and [[Special:Watchlist]] pages can be made to be more useful, or less ‘noisy’ (fewer edits that have little value to the reader).

We are currently exploring to make a change in the volume and the type of Wikidata edits that appear in these pages, and '''we need your feedback''' to help us ensure this is a positive change for the Wikis and won’t disrupt your workflows.&lt;br/&gt;
Language links are also known as sitelinks or interlanguage links and describe when a Wikidata item is connected to a Wiki, adding it to the language dropdown tool for other connected Wikis.
[[File:Types of Lang Link changes.png|x350px|frame|A variety of &quot;Language Link&quot; edits as seen in the Recent Changes feed]]

The request for feedback is whether you support the removal of these language link edits from the Recent Changes and Watchlist feed, or would you oppose such a change and if so, why?
Please share you thoughts on the dedicated '''[[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|metawiki Talk page]]'''. 

Further information about this change: [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Hide_Language_Link_edits]]

Thank you for any participation or feedback you give, -- [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] 15:16, 22 Oṣù Òwéwe 2026 (UTC)

(This message was sent to [[:Wikipedia:Community Portal]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&amp;oldid=31067455 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>auyzcwvwf4v4mo7a3woas0mzhgw2oz3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hogan Bassey</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9854</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637757</id>
      <parentid>622791</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:50:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637757</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1070" sha1="tkynm09cpflvniqlfvv9c4z509thyvk" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person 
| name = Hogan Bassey
| image = Hogan Bassey.jpg
| birth_date =   {{birth date|df=yes|1932|4|27}} 
| birth_place =  [[Calabar |Cross River, Creek Town, Calabar]], [[Naijiria]]
| death_date =   {{death date and age|df=yes|1998|1|26|1932|4|27}}
| death_place =  [[Apapa]], [[Èkó|Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó]], [[Naijiria]]
| nationality =  [[Naijiria]]
}}
'''Hogan &quot;Kid&quot; Bassey''' (1932-06-03 - 1998-01-26) jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ [[Naijiria]]. Orúkọ ti a sọ ọ ni Okun Asuguo Bassey. Ní ọdún 1952, ọmọ́ [[Nàìjíríà]] kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ '''Hogan Bassey''' di world featherweight Champion ní ìlú òyìnbó.&lt;ref name=&quot;BoxRec 1932&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Hogan (Kid) Bassey | website=BoxRec | date=1932-06-03 | url=http://boxrec.com/media/index.php?title=Human:22405 | access-date=2022-07-05 | archive-date=2022-07-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706004435/https://boxrec.com/media/index.php?title=Human:22405 | dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ìtọ́kasí==
{{reflist}}

{{ekunrere}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>tkynm09cpflvniqlfvv9c4z509thyvk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Benin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9954</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637722</id>
      <parentid>609687</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T03:27:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637722</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16541" sha1="o9a1rpvajc4w36xjxmdjn72qjvtsnph" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Country
|native_name      =''République du Bénin'' 
|conventional_long_name =Republic of Benin&lt;br /&gt;''Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Bẹ̀nẹ̀'' 
|common_name      =Benin
|image_flag       =Flag of Benin.svg 
|image_coat       =Coat of arms of Benin.svg
|image_map       =LocationBenin.svg 
|national_motto     =''&quot;Fraternité, Justice, Travail&quot;''{{spaces|2}}&lt;small&gt;([[French language|French]])&lt;br /&gt;&quot;Fraternity, Justice, Labour&quot;&lt;/small&gt;
|national_anthem    =''[[L'Aube Nouvelle]]''{{spaces|2}}&lt;small&gt;(French)&lt;br /&gt;''The Dawn of a New Day''&lt;/small&gt;
|official_languages   =[[èdè Faransé|Faransé]]
|demonym        =Ara Benin; Omo ile Benin
|capital        =[[Porto-Novo|Àjàṣẹ́]]&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;  
|latd= 6|latm=28 |latNS=N |longd=2 |longm=36 |longEW=E 
|largest_city      =[[Cotonou|Kútọ̀nú]]
|government_type    =Oselu egbe oloselu pupo
|leader_title1     =[[President of Benin|Ààrẹ̀]]
|leader_name1      =[[Patrice Talon]]
|sovereignty_type    =[[Òmìnira]]
|sovereignty_note    =kúrò lọ́wọ́ [[France|Fránsì]]
|established_event1   =Ọjọ́
|established_date1   =August 1,1960
|area_rank       =101st
|area_magnitude     =1 E11
|area_km2          ={{gaps|112|622}}
|area_sq_mi        ={{gaps|43|484}}
|percent_water     =
|population_estimate  ={{gaps|8|439|000}}&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|population_estimate_rank=89th
|population_estimate_year=July 2005
|population_census   ={{gaps|6|769|914}}
|population_census_year =2009
|population_density_km2   =75
|population_density_sq_mi =194
|population_density_rank=118th&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;
|GDP_PPP        =$13.014 billion&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2006&amp;ey=2009&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=638&amp;s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&amp;grp=0&amp;a=&amp;pr.x=38&amp;pr.y=8 |title=Benin|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=2009-04-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank      =140th
|GDP_PPP_year      =2008
|GDP_PPP_per_capita   =$1,605&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank=166th
|GDP_nominal      =$6.940 billion&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
|GDP_nominal_year    =2008
|GDP_nominal_per_capita =$856&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
|Gini          =36.5
|Gini_year       =2003
|Gini_category     =&lt;font color=&quot;#ffcc00&quot;&gt;medium&lt;/font&gt;
|HDI          ={{increase}} 0.437
|HDI_rank        =163rd
|HDI_year        =2007
|HDI_category      =&lt;font color=&quot;#e0584e&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency        =[[West African CFA franc]]
|currency_code     =XOF
|country_code      =
|time_zone       =[[West Africa Time|WAT]]
|utc_offset       =+1
|time_zone_DST     =''not observed''
|utc_offset_DST     =+1
|drives_on         =ọ̀tún
|cctld         =[[.bj]]
|calling_code      =229
|footnote1       =Cotonou is the seat of government.
|footnote2       =Estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.
|footnote3       =Rank based on 2005 estimate.
}}
'''Bẹ̀nẹ̀''',{{efn|{{IPAc-en|audio=En-Benin-pronunciation.ogg|b|ɛ|ˈ|n|iː|n}} {{respell|ben|EEN}}, {{IPAc-en|b|ᵻ|ˈ|n|iː|n}} {{respell|bin|EEN}};&lt;ref&gt;{{cite EPD|18}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{langx|fr|Bénin}} {{IPA|fr|benɛ̃||audio=Fr-Bénin.ogg}}}}tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ '''Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Bẹ̀nẹ̀'',{{efn|{{langx|fr|République du Bénin}}}} ni a mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ sí  '''Dahomey''',&lt;ref name=nyt1975&gt;{{Cite news |date=1 December 1975 |title=Dahomey Announces Its Name Will Be Benin |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/12/01/archives/dahomey-announces-its-name-will-be-benin.html |access-date=16 September 2020 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=16 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200916200353/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/12/01/archives/dahomey-announces-its-name-will-be-benin.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;''Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Bẹ̀nẹ̀''' jẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè ní [[Ìwọ̀orùn Áfríkà]]. Ó ní bodè pẹ̀lú [[Togo|Tógò]] ní apá ìwọòrùn, [[Nàìjíríà]] ní apá ìlaòrùn, àti [[Burkina Faso|Bọ̀kínà Fasò]] àti [[Nijẹr|Náíjà]] ní àríwá. Ní gúúsù ó jẹ́ [[Etíòkun Benin]] (Bight of Benin), tí ó sì súnmọ́ apá [[Gulf of Guinea]] ní agbègbè ìyàngbẹ ilẹ̀  tí ó sùnmọ́ [[Atlantic Ocean]].&lt;ref name=&quot;HughesHughes1992&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Hughes |first1=R. H. |last2=Hughes |first2=J. S. |title=A Directory of African Wetlands |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC |year=1992 |publisher=IUCN |isbn=978-2-88032-949-5 |page=301 |access-date=12 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508163425/https://books.google.com/books?id=VLjafeXa3gMC |archive-date=8 May 2016 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Olú ìlú orílẹ̀-_èdè náà ni [[Porto-Novo]], nígbà tí ilé -ìjọba tí ń darí ìṣàkóso oríl-èdè náà wà ní  ìlú [[Cotonou]] tí ó jẹ́ ìlú tí èrò pọ̀ sí jùlọ ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà. &lt;ref&gt;{{multiref2|{{cite journal | last1= Dossou | first1= Krystel M.R.| last2=Gléhouenou-Dossou| first2=Bernadette |date=2007| title=The vulnerability to climate change of Cotonou (Benin): the rise in sea level| journal= Environment and Urbanization|volume =19| issue=1|pages= 65–79| doi=10.1177/0956247807077149 | bibcode= 2007EnUrb..19...65D|doi-access= free}}|{{ cite journal| title= Mapping a slum: learning from participatory mapping and digital innovation in Cotonou (Benin) | article-number=894 | translator=  Alvin Harberts | doi= 10.4000/cybergeo.32949 | date=2019 | journal= Cybergeo | first1= Armelle | last1=Choplin |first2= Martin|last2= Lozivit | trans-title= Mettre un quartier sur la carte: Cartographie participative et innovation numérique à Cotonou (Bénin) | doi-access=free}}
}}&lt;/ref&gt;Orílẹ̀-èdè Bẹ̀nẹ̀ saare ilẹ̀ tí ó tó 112,622|km2, &lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;/&gt; àwọn olùgbé inẹ̀ sì tó 14.054.000 mílíọ́nù, tí wọn sì ń fi ohun ògbìn bíi [[epo]] àti [[òwú]] ṣe ọrọ̀ ajé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.fao.org/isfp/country-information/benin/en/ |title=FAO Initiative on Soaring Food Prices |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024021730/http://www.fao.org/isfp/country-information/benin/en/ |archive-date=2012-10-24 |website=[[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations]] |access-date=29 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Major Industries in Benin |url=https://www.ariseiip.com/homepage/major-industries-in-benin/ |access-date=2024-06-23 |website=Arise IIP}}&lt;/ref&gt;

({{pron-en|bɨˈnɪn}} 

láarin 17 century sí 19 century, ìṣèjọba tí ó wà ní Bẹ̀nẹ̀ ni Ilẹ̀ Ọba Dahomey, tí ó di [[Porto-Novo]]

lònìí. Ojú ọ̀nà tí wọ́n ń kó [[ẹrú]] gbà làsìkò ọdún 27th century látàrí ìtanisóko-ẹrú lásìkò náà. Àwọn Faransé olówò-ẹrú àmúnisìn fi ìlú náà sábẹ́ ìkan nínú àwọn ìlú amọ́nà rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1894 tí ó sì di &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;French Dahomey&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Ọdún 1960 ni Dahomey gba òmìniria kúrò lábẹ́ ìjọba Faransé olówò-ẹrú àmúnisìn. Oríṣiríṣi ìjọba ni orílẹ̀-èdè Bẹ̀nẹ̀ ti ní tí ó fi mọ́ ìjọba ológun àti ìdìtẹ̀gbajọba wọn pẹ̀lú. Àwọn ẹgbẹ́ ìṣèlú tí ó wà níbẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ ni People's Republic of Benin láàrín ọdún 1975 sí ọdún 1990. Ọdún 1991 ni wọ́n dá àwọn ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú púpọ̀ sílẹ̀ ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà. 

== Orúkọ rẹ̀ ==

Dahomey ni wọ́n ń pe orilẹ̀-èdè yìí ṣáájú àti lẹ́yìn ìgbòmìnira wọn kúrò lọ́wọ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Faransé ní ọjọ́ kínní oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 1960. Ọgbọ̀-ọjọ́ oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1975 ni àwọn ológun dìtẹ̀ gba ìjọba  ni wọ́n yí orúkọ orílẹ̀-èdè náà padà sí &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Benin&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Orúkọ yí ni wọ́n mú lati ara àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ń sọ èdè Fon tí wọ́n wá láti ilẹ̀ Ìbíní ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]]. 

&lt;ref name=&quot;nyt19752&quot; /&gt; 

== Ìtàn ìdásilẹ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè náà ==
[[Fáìlì:Kingdom_of_Dahomy-1793.jpg|left|thumb|Map of the [[Kingdom of Dahomey]], 1793]]
Ṣaájú ọdún 1600 ni onírúurú ẹ̀yà àti àwọn elédè ti wà ní ilẹ̀ Ọba Dahomey tí kálukú wọn sì ń ṣèlú wọn láàyè ara wọn. Lára àwọn ẹ̀yà tí wọ́n wà ní Dahomey ni ẹ̀yà [[Ẹ̀yà Aja]], [[Ẹ̀yà Gbe|ẹ̀yà]] Gbe￼￼, ẹ̀yà [[Yorùbá]], nígbà tí àwọn ẹ̀yà. mìíràn tí wọ́n ń gbé ni ọwọ́ inú jẹ́ [[ẹ̀yà Ìbarìbá]] tí a ti rí àwọn ẹ̀ya èdè mìíràn bíi &lt;nowiki&gt;''Mahi'', ''Gedevi'' àti àwọn ènìyàn ''Kabye''&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Ilẹ̀ Ọba [[Ọ̀yọ́]]

[[Ilú-ọba Ọ̀yọ́]] ni ó wà tí kò jìnà sí apá ìlà-oòrùn sí ilẹ̀ Dahomey ni ipa àwọn ọmọ ogun [[Ọ̀yọ́]] le koko lórí àwọn olùgbé ilẹ̀ Dahomey tí wọn sì ń gba [[Owó]] orí lọ́wọ́ wọn. Èyí di ohun ìtàn ní ọdún 17 sí 18 century nígbà tí àwọn [[ènìyàn]] Fon dá ilẹ̀ Ọba Abomey sílẹ̀.  

== Awon ipinle ijoba ==

&lt;imagemap&gt;
Image:Benin departments.png|thumb|left|250px|Àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ ìjọba Benin
rect 96 41 108 60 [[Apá Alibori|Alibori]]
rect 43 70 56 89 [[Apá Atakora|Atakora]]
rect 68 237 80 256 [[Apá Atlantique|Atlantique]]
rect 85 105 98 125 [[Apá Borgou|Borgou]]
rect 68 176 81 196 [[Apá Collines|Collines]]
rect 48 116 60 134 [[Apá Donga|Donga]]
rect 50 224 62 242 [[Apá Kouffo|Kouffo]]
rect 84 254 97 271 [[Apá Littoral|Littoral]]
rect 53 242 65 257 [[Apá Mono|Mono]]
rect 98 237 118 255 [[Apá Ouémé|Ouémé]]
rect 98 206 117 224 [[Apá Plateau|Plateau]]
rect 62 211 78 229 [[Apá Zou|Zou]]
&lt;/imagemap&gt;

Ile Benin je pinpin si [[àwọn apá ilẹ̀ Benin|apá]] mejila (French: départements), awon wonyi si tun je pinpin si [[ibile]] 77. Ni odun 1999 ni won pin awon apa ijoba abele mefa to wa tele si mejila.    

# [[Apá Alibori|Alibori]]
# [[Apá Atakora|Atakora]]
# [[Apá Atlantique|Atlantique]]
# [[Apá Borgou|Borgou]]
# [[Apá Collines|Collines]]
# [[Apá Donga|Donga]]
# [[Apá Kouffo|Kouffo]]
# [[Apá Littoral|Littoral]]
# [[Apá Mono|Mono]]
# [[Apá Ouémé|Ouémé]]
# [[Apá Plateau|Plateau]]
# [[Apá Zou|Zou]]

== Jọ́gíráfì==
Benin jẹ́ ile san lati Ariwa de Guusu ni ilaoorun Afrika, o dubule larin [[Agbedeméjì ayé]] (Equator) ati [[Ìlà-ooru Alákàn]] (Tropic of Cancer). Ìlàìdùbúlẹ̀ rẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀ láti 6°30′A dé 12°30′A, bẹ́ ẹ̀ sì ni ìlàìnàró rẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀ láti 1°L dé 3°40′L.

Pelu agbegbe ile to to {{nowrap|{{gaps|112|622}} km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;}} Benin fe lati [[Odò Niger]] ni ariwa titi de Okun Atlantiki ni guusu, ijinnasi to je {{nowrap|650 km}} {{nowrap|(400 mi)}}. Botilejepe ni iwon ile eba odo re je {{nowrap|121 km}} {{nowrap|(75 mi)}} iwon ile orile-ede na ni ibi totifeju je {{nowrap|325 km}} {{nowrap|(200 mi)}}.

Ikan ninu awon orile-ede tokerejulo ni Iwoorun Afrika ni Benin. O kere ni ilopo mejo si Naijiria to ni bode mo si ilaoorun. Sugbon o tobi ni ilopo meji si Togo to ni bode mo si iwoorun. Maapu ile Benin fihan pe awon oke re ko fi be yato si ara won (idasarin awon oke re je {{nowrap|200 m}}).&lt;ref name=bn&gt;[http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/6761.htm &quot;Background Note: Benin&quot;]. U.S. Department of State (June 2008). {{PD-notice}}&lt;/ref&gt;       

A le pin oril-ede na si apa merin lati gusu de ariwa. Ibi ẹ̀kun omi irele, oniyanrin (igbeleke togajulo {{nowrap|10 m}}) je, lopojulo, {{nowrap|10 km}} ni fife. O je ile erofo to ni awo adagun odo ati osa ti won japo mo [[okun]]. Awon ilegiga apagusu Benin (igasoke larin {{nowrap|20 m}} ati {{nowrap|200 m}}) pinya si ra won nitori awon afonifoji to la koja lati ariwa de gusu legbe awon odo [[Couffo River|Couffo]], [[Zou River|Zou]], and [[Oueme River|Oueme]].

== Isuna ==

Isuna ile Benin je ti alaidagbasoke, o si gbojule ise agbe aroje, ogbin owu ati okowo agbegbe. Owu tita lo je 40% GDP ati bi 80% ipawo oja okere iseoba.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/6761.htm Background Note: Benin]&lt;/ref&gt; Idagbasoke eso-ise dasarin 5% ni bi odun meje seyin, sugbon iposi iyearabudo ko je ki iposi yi o ni ipa kankan. Igbowolori (owon) ti din sile ni bi odun melo se yin. [[CFA franc]] ni owonina ile Benin.


== Dimográfì ==
[[Àwòrán:Benin carte.png|thumb|290px|Maapu Bénin]]

Ogunlogo iyearabudo ile Benin n gbe ni gusu. Won je ọ̀dọ́, pelu [[àsìkò ìgbẹ̀mí]] to je odun 59. Awon eya ede Afrika bi 49 lo wa ni Benin; awon wonyi tedo kakiri. Awon eya ede yi ni Yoruba ni gusuilaoorun (ti won wa lati Naijiria ni odunrun 12la); Dendi ni agbegbe ariwa-arin (won kowa lati Mali ni orundun 16un); Bariba ati Fulbe ni ariwailaoorun; Betammaribe ati Somba ni Atacora Range; Fon ni ayika agbegbe Abomey ni Arin Gusu; ati Mina, Xueda, ati Aja (ti won wa lati Togo) ni ekun odo.&lt;ref name=bn/&gt;  

Fon ni eya ede topojulo pelu 1.4 legbegberun iyearabudo to n so [[ede Fon]], Yoruba tele won pelu 1.2 legbegberun, Aja (600,000), Bariba (460,000), Ayizo (330,000), the Fulbe (tabi Fulani, Peul ati Fula) (310,000), ati awon Gun (240,000). Bakanna ni leba awon ebute ni gusu a le ri awon omo-omo awon eru ti won kopada wa lati [[Brasil]]. Bakanna die tun wa lati ile [[Europe]], agaga awon ara [[Fransi]] ati awon eniyan lati apaariwa Asia bi [[Lebanon]] ati Ilaoorun Asia bi [[India]].

=== Esin ===
Gege bi onka 2002 se fihan, 42.8% je Elesin Kristi (27.1% je Katholiki, Selestial 5%, Methodisti 3.2%, other Protestanti 2.2%, awon miran 5.3%), 24.4% je Musulumi, 17% je Elesin ibile, 15.5% awon miran.&lt;ref &gt;[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90082.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2007: Benin]. United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (14 Osu kesan, 2007). &lt;/ref&gt;      

=== Èdè ===
Ede iseoba je [[èdè Faransé|Faransé]] sugbon sibesibe awon ede abinibi bi Fon ati [[ede Yoruba|Yoruba]] na tu gbajumo agaga ni apa gusu. ni apa ariwa awon ede bi bariba ati fula gbajumo.

=== Awon eya eniyan ===
99% je àwon omo Afrika (Yoruba, Fon, Aja, Bariba at.bb.lo), awon omo [[Europe]] ko ju 10,000 lo.

== Ilera ati itoju ==
Ni arin ewaodun '80, awon omo ile Benin ti won le gba itoju ilera to yeke din ni 30% iyearabudo, nitori eyi Benin ni ofo omode togajulo ni Afrika. Leyin Idawose Bamako iyato to dara sele, eyi si je ki ipese ilera o wa fun opo awon iyearabudo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.who.int/inf-new/child6.htm |title=Bamako Initiative revitalizes primary health care in Benin |publisher= |accessdate=28-12-2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;list_uids=10173105&amp;dopt=Abstract |title=Implementation of the Bamako Initiative: strategies in Benin and Guinea |publisher= |accessdate=28-12-2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;     

== Ikeko ==
Ikeko ko pondandan be si ni ki se ofe.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2001/benin.htm &quot;Benin&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906225120/http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2001/benin.htm |date=2008-09-06 }}. ''Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor (2001)''. Bureau of International Labor Affairs, Ile-ise Alakoso Ikeko ile Amerika  (2002).&lt;/ref&gt; Bakanna awon odomokunrin poju awon odomobirin lo ni ile eko. Ipin awon akeko si awon oluko posoke lati 36:1 ni 1990 de 53:1 ni 1997. Aimookomooka je 60% awon iyearabudo.&lt;ref &gt;[http://www.usaid.gov/bj/education/programs.html Education: Programs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613120222/http://www.usaid.gov/bj/education/programs.html |date=2008-06-13 }}. USAID Benin&lt;/ref&gt;.     

=== Sistemu Eko ===
Awon akoko ti ile-eko kookan n gba&lt;ref&gt;[http://cotonou.usembassy.gov/facts_about_benin.html Eto Eko ni Orile-ede Benin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080727020409/http://cotonou.usembassy.gov/facts_about_benin.html |date=2008-07-27 }}. Ile-ise Alasoju ile Amerika, Κutonu&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ile-eko Alakobere: odun 6
* Ile-eko Keji kekere: odun 4
* Ile-eko Keji agba: odun 3
* Iwe-eri Barchelor: odun 3
* Iwe-eri Master: odun 4
  
{{ekunrere}}

==Awon Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}
{{Template group
|list =
{{Benin topics}}
}}
{{Àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè áfríkà|state=collapsed}}
{{Àyọkà pàtàkì}}


[[Ẹ̀ka:Benin| ]]</text>
      <sha1>o9a1rpvajc4w36xjxmdjn72qjvtsnph</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Colin Powell</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11867</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637737</id>
      <parentid>630245</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:31:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637737</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11788" sha1="5sc7hej3lxpm5hsbmhjp4q6rvyzygdm" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Politician
|honorific-prefix = &lt;small&gt;Ọ̀gágun&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
|name         =  Colin Luther Powell
|image        = Colin Powell official Secretary of State photo.jpg
|order1       = 65&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;
|title1       = '''Alakoso Oro Okere ile Amerika'''
|term_start1  = [[January 20]], [[2001]]
|term_end1    = [[January 26]], [[2005]]
|president1   = [[George Walker Bush|George W. Bush]]
|deputy1      = [[Richard Armitage (politician)|Richard Armitage]]
|predecessor1 = [[Madeleine Albright]]
|successor1   = [[Condoleezza Rice]]
|order2       = 12&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;
|title2       = [[Alága ìjókopápo àwọn Ògá Ọmọ-ológun ilè Améríkà]]
|term_start2  = October 1, [[1989]]
|term_end2    = [[September 30]], [[1993]]
|president2   = [[George H. W. Bush]]&lt;br&gt;[[Bill Clinton]]
|deputy2      = [[Robert T. Herres]] (1989)&lt;br&gt;[[David E. Jeremiah]] (1989-1993)
|predecessor2 = [[William J. Crowe]]
|successor2   = [[David E. Jeremiah]]
|order3       = 16&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;
|title3       = [[Alábàágbìmọ̀pọ̀ Ọ̀rọ̀ Àbò Orílẹ́-èdè ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà]]
|term_start3  = 1987
|term_end3    = 1989
|president3   = [[Ronald Reagan]]
|deputy3      = [[John Negroponte]]
|predecessor3 = [[Frank Carlucci]]
|successor3   = [[Brent Scowcroft]]
|birth_date  = {{birth date and age|1937|04|5}}
|birth_place = [[New York City]], [[New York]], [[United States|U.S.A.]]
|death_date  =
|death_place =
|party       = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
|religion    = [[Episcopal Church in the United States of America|Episcopalian]]
|spouse      = [[Alma Vivian Johnson Powell]]
|alma_mater  = [[City College of New York]]&lt;br&gt;[[George Washington University]]
|profession  = [[Soldier]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Statesman]]
| allegiance          = [[United States of America]]
| branch              = [[United States Army|Army]]
| serviceyears        = 1958-1993
| rank                = [[General (United States)|General]]
| unit                = [[U.S. 3rd Armored Division|3rd Armored Division]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Americal Division (United States)|Americal Division]]
| commands            = [[United States Army Forces Command|Forces Command]]
| battles             = [[Vietnam War]]&lt;br/&gt;[[United States invasion of Panama|Invasion of Panama]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Gulf War]]
| awards              =
}}
'''Colin Luther Powell''' ti won bi (ọjọ́ìbí 5 April, 1937 - Oṣu Kẹwa ọjọ 18, ọdun 2021) jẹ́ ẹni àyẹ́sí ọmọ ilẹ̀ [[USA|Améríkà]] àti [[Ọ̀gágun]] oníràwò mérin to ti fèyìntì kúrò ní [[Ilé-isé Ológun Jagunjagun ilè Améríkà]]. O tun jé Alákòso Òrò Òkèrè ilè Améríkà láti 2001 - 2005 lábé Ààrẹ [[George W. Bush]]. Ohun ni ẹni [[ọmọ Áfríkà Améríkà|aláwòdúdú]] àkókó ti yio gun orí ipò yi.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.aaregistry.com/african_american_history/637/The_first_African_American_secretary_of_state_Colin_Powell The first Áfríkà Améríkà secretary of state, Colin Powell] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604214016/http://www.aaregistry.com/african_american_history/637/The_first_African_American_secretary_of_state_Colin_Powell |date=2008-06-04 }}, The African American Registry&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.defenselink.mil/specials/AfricanAm2003/powell.html Biographies - Colin Powell: United States Secretary of State] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091202181032/http://www.defenselink.mil/specials/AfricanAm2003/powell.html |date=2009-12-02 }}, African American History Month, US Department of Defense&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9061121/Colin-Powell Colin Powell], Britannica Online Encyclopedia&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/2246150.stm Profile: Colin Powell], BBC News&lt;/ref&gt; Nígbàtí wa ni ẹnu isé ológun, Powell tún je Alábàágbìmọ̀pọ̀ Ọ̀rọ̀ Àbò Orílẹ́-èdè ile Améríkà (National Security Advisor, 1987-1989); Apèse, Ilé-isé Alase àwọn Ológun Jagunjagun ilè Améríkà (U.S. Army Forces Command, 1989); àti [[Alaga Ijokopápo àwọn Ògá Ọmọ-ológun ilè Améríkà]] (Chairman, U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1989-1993), orí ipò yi lówà nígbàtí [[Ogún Ikùn Odò Persia]] selè. Ohun ni o jẹ́ ẹni aláwòdúdú àkókó, àti soso títí dòní, ti yio kópa nínú [[Ijokopapo àwọn Ògá Ọmọ-ológun ilè Améríkà]] (Joint Chiefs of Staff).

==Ìgbà èwe==
A bí Colin Luther Powell ni ọjọ́ 5 osù kerin odún 1937 ní Harlem to jẹ àdúgbò kan ní ìlú [[New York]] fún Luther Theophilus Powell àti Maud Arial McKoy ti wọn ko wá sílè láti ilè [[Jamaika]]. O si dàgbà ní South Bronx. Apá àwọn òbí re kan tún wa láti ilè [[Skotlandi]] àti [[Irelandi]]. Powell lo si ilé èkó Morris High School to fi ìgbà kan jẹ ti ìgboro ní Bronx, o parí níbẹ̀ ní 1954.

==Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ rẹ̀ ní Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ológun==
Powell darapo mo Reserve Officers' Training Corps ni ilè èkó City College ní New York o si sàlàyé re léyìn ìgbà na gẹ́gẹ́ bi ìrírí tí o mu inu re dunjulo laye re, pe ohun ti ri ohun ti ohun fẹ́ràn tí ohun si mọ̀ọ́ ṣe, lókàn re pe &quot;öhun ti wa ara ohun ri.&quot; Gẹ́gẹ́ bi Kèdẹ́ẹ̀tì, Powell darapò mo ẹgbẹ́ àwọn Ayìnbọn Pershing ní City College. Nígbàtó parí èkó re ní City College ní 1958, ó gbà ipò gẹ́gẹ́ bi igbákẹ̀ta ajagun ní [[Ilé-isé Ológun Jagunjagun ilè Améríkà]] (second lieutenant, United States Army).&lt;ref&gt; {{Cite web |title = Secretary of State Colin L. Powell (biography)|publisher = The White House|date = 2003-04-29|url = http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/government/powell-bio.html|accessdate = 2007-02-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òṣìṣé ọmọ-ogun lo jẹ fún odún 35, o di orísirísi Ilé-isé apèse àti ipò alábàṣiṣépò mú títí to fi gòkẹ̀ dè ipò Ògágun ní 1989.&lt;ref name=BiographyChannel&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9445708&amp;page=print|accessdate=2007-05-31|title=Colin (Luther) Powell Biography (1937 - )|work=The Biography Channel|publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks|archive-date=2007-08-07|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20070807232535/http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9445708&amp;page=print|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; 


===Ọjọ́ọdún tó dé àwọn ipò rẹ̀===

* '''Igbákẹta Ajagun''' (Second Lieutenant): June 9, 1958
* '''Igbákejì Ajagun''' (First Lieutenant}: December 30, 1959
* '''Ajagun''' Ile-ise Ologun Jagunjagun ile Amerika (Captain, U.S Army): June 2, 1962
* '''Àgbàogun''' (Major): May 24, 1966
* '''Igbákejì Akógun''' (Lieutenant Colonel): July 9, 1970
* '''Akógun''' (Colonel): February 1, 1976
* '''Ọ̀gágun Ẹlẹ́ẹ̀ṣọ́''' (Brigadier General): June 1, 1979
* '''Ọ̀gágun Àgbàogun''' (Major General): August 1, 1983
* '''Igbákejì Ọ̀gágun''' (Lieutenant General): March 26, 1986 
* '''Ọ̀gágun''' (General): April 4, 1989


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Àwọn ìgbésókè
! Okùn !! Ipò !! Ọjọ́ọdún
|-
|[[Image:US-O10 insignia.svg|68px]]||ỌGG-GEN||1989
|-
|[[Image:US-O9 insignia.svg|54px]]||IỌG-LTG||1986
|-
|[[Image:US-O8 insignia.svg|36px]]||ỌA-MG||1983
|-
|[[Image:US-O7 insignia.svg|20px]]||ỌẸ-BG||1979
|-
|[[Image:US-O6 insignia.svg|25px]]||AKO-COL||1976
|-
|[[Image:US-O5 insignia.svg|20px]]||IAK-LTC||1970
|-
|[[Image:US-O4 insignia.svg|20px]]||AO-OMAJ||1966
|-
|[[Image:US-O3 insignia.svg|15px]]||AJA-CPT||1962
|- 
|[[Image:US-OF1A.svg|6px]]||2AJA-1LT||1959
|-
|[[Image:US-OF1B.svg|6px]]||3AJA-2LT||1958
|}

===Àwọn Ebun àti eye===
====Awọn ìlẹ̀máyà====

==Alábàágbìmọ̀pọ̀ Ọ̀rọ̀ Àbò Orílẹ́-èdè==
Nigbato di omo odun 49, Powell di Alábàágbìmọ̀pọ̀ Ọ̀rọ̀ Àbò Orílẹ́-èdè fún Àare [[Ronald Reagan]] lati 1987 titi di 1989 lai fi ipò re sílè gẹ́gẹ́ bi igbákejì ògágun (lieutenant general). Nígbàtó parí isé [[Ìgbìmò Òrò Àbò ilè Améríkà]], Powell gbà ìgbésókè si ipò Ògágun lábé Àare [[George H.W. Bush]], o si ṣiṣé nígbà die gẹ́gẹ́ bi Alásẹ, Ilé-isé Apèse àwọn Ológun Jagunjagun ilè Améríkà, to un mójútó gbogbo Ológun Jagunjagun, Ológun Jagunjagun Alágbẹ́pamó, àti àwọn ẹyo Ilé-isé Ológun Olúsọ́ ilè Améríkà (U.S. National Guard) fun orile Améríkà, Alaska, Hawaii àti [[Puerto Rico]].

==Alága Ijókopapo àwọn Oga Omo-ologun==
Àfúnse isé ológun to se gbèyìn, láti October 1, 1989 títí di September 30, 1993 ní gẹ́gẹ́ bí Alága ìkejìlá [[Ijókopapo àwọn Ògá Ọmọ-ológun]], èyí ni ipò ológun tógajúlo ní [[Ilé-isé Alákòso Òrò-àbò ilè Améríkà]] (U.S. Dept. of Defense).

==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}


==Ìwé kíkà lẹ́kùnréré==
*Powell, Colin A. and Joseph Persico, ''My American Journey,'' [[Ballantine Books]], 1995. ISBN 0-345-40728-8
** [http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,983438,00.html Excerpts from ''My American Journey,''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825003705/http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,983438,00.html |date=2013-08-25 }} ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', September 18, 1995
*DeYoung, Karen, ''Soldier: The Life of Colin Powell,'' [[Alfred A. Knopf]], 2006. ISBN 1-4000-4170-8
* {{Cite web
|url=http://web.mac.com/jamesdwithrow/iWeb/Site/Blog/0C7FF890-B6D6-4BB1-82B6-A6273F647B88.html
|title=Alex Haley’s Other Roots: African-Americans with Irish Ancestors
|date=February 25, 2006
|accessdate=2008-02-22
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060414004357/http://web.mac.com/jamesdwithrow/iWeb/Site/Blog/0C7FF890-B6D6-4BB1-82B6-A6273F647B88.html
|archivedate=2006-04-14
|dead-url=no
}}

==Fídíò==
* [http://www.africanconnections.com/Colin_Powell_pre.html Address to the National Summit on Africa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110415020621/http://www.africanconnections.com/Colin_Powell_pre.html |date=2011-04-15 }} - Washington, DC - February, 2000 - '''Technical Note:''' playback requires [http://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/?promoid=BUIGP Flash 10 Player]

==Àwọn Ìjápò Íntérnétì==
{{wikiquote}}
{{wikisource|Author:Colin L. Powell}}
{{commons|Colin Powell}}
{{wikinews}}
* [http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/051031/31powell.htm Colin Powell: America's Best Leaders from US News &amp; World Report]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050204130309/http://www.state.gov/secretary/former/powell/remarks/2003/17300.htm Remarks to the United Nations Security Council], February 5, 2003
* [http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/wariniraq/colinpowellunsecuritycouncil.htm Complete text, audio, video of Colin Powell's Remarks to the UN Security Council] AmericanRhetoric.com
* [http://www.ontheissues.org/Colin_Powell.htm &quot;Colin Powell On the issues&quot;]
* [http://www.army.mil/africanamericans/ African Americans in the U.S. Army] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100324015534/http://www.army.mil/africanamericans/ |date=2010-03-24 }}
* [http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB234/index.htm &quot;Curveball&quot; Revelations Indicate falsified info used to start Iraq war and esp used for Powell's UN presentation on Iraq WMDs]
* [http://www.quotationcollection.com/author/Colin_Powell/quotes Colin Powell Quotes]
*[http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=47138 The American Presidency Project: ''Remarks on the Retirement of General Colin Powell in Arlington, Virginia, September 30, 1993'']{{Dead link|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{worldcat id|id=lccn-n87-926095}}

{{USSecState}}
{{Àyọkà dáradára}}
{{igbesiaye|1937||Powell, Colin}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Aṣàkóso Ọ̀rọ̀ Òkèrè Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>5sc7hej3lxpm5hsbmhjp4q6rvyzygdm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hóró</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14593</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637759</id>
      <parentid>555776</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:52:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637759</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2882" sha1="1bqclxryxf6w9ch2u5ex03rox2yz93t" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Biological cell.svg|right|thumb|350 px|
Aworan bi [[hóró]] [[ẹranko]] [[eukaryote]] kan se ri pẹ̀lú gbogbo àwọn apáanú rẹ̀.&lt;br /&gt;
Awọn [[Organelle|Apáanú]] :&lt;br /&gt;
1. [[Nucleolus|Nucleolus]] &lt;br /&gt;
2. [[Kóróonú àhámọ́|Kóróonú]]&lt;br /&gt; 
3. [[Ribosome|Ríbósómù]]&lt;br /&gt; 
4. [[Vesicle (biology)|Vesicle]]&lt;br /&gt; 
5. Τραχύ [[Endoplasmic reticulum|Endoplasmic reticulum]] (ΕΔ)&lt;br /&gt; 
6. [[Golgi apparatus|Ohun èlò Golgi]]&lt;br /&gt; 
7. [[Cytoskeleton|Ọ̀págun-hóró]]&lt;br /&gt; 
8. Λείο [[Endoplasmic reticulum]]&lt;br /&gt; 
9. [[mitochondria|Mitokọ́ndríà]] &lt;br /&gt;
10. [[vacuole]] &lt;br /&gt;
11. [[cytoplasm]] &lt;br /&gt;
12. [[lysosome|Lísósómù]] &lt;br /&gt;
13. [[centrioles]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[Cellular membrane]] lo yi ahamo ka]]

'''Hóró'''&lt;ref&gt;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320108513_English-Yoruba_Glossary_of_HIV_AIDS_and_Ebola-related_terms&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ́ ẹyọ aládìmú àti oníàmúṣe fún gbogbo àwọn [[organism|ohun ẹlẹ́ẹ̀mì]] tí a mọ̀. Òhun ni ẹyọ ẹ̀mí tó kéréjùlọ tó jẹ́ tò sọ́tọ̀ bí i ohun alàyè, wọ́n sì tún ùnpé bíi òkúta ìkọ́ ẹ̀mí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Alberts2002&quot;&gt;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Search&amp;db=books&amp;doptcmdl=GenBookHL&amp;term=Cell+Movements+and+the+Shaping+of+the+Vertebrate+Body+AND+mboc4%5Bbook%5D+AND+374635%5Buid%5D&amp;rid=mboc4.section.3919 Cell Movements and the Shaping of the Vertebrate Body] in Chapter 21 of ''[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Search&amp;db=books&amp;doptcmdl=GenBookHL&amp;term=cell+biology+AND+mboc4%5Bbook%5D+AND+373693%5Buid%5D&amp;rid=mboc4 Molecular Biology of the Cell] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107042548/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books?cmd=Search&amp;doptcmdl=GenBookHL&amp;term=cell%20biology%20AND%20mboc4%5Bbook%5D%20AND%20373693%5Buid%5D&amp;rid=mboc4 |date=2014-01-07 }}'' fourth edition, edited by Bruce Alberts (2002) published by Garland Science.&lt;br /&gt; The Alberts text discusses how the &quot;cellular building blocks&quot; move to shape developing [[embryo]]s. It is also common to describe small molecules such as [[amino acid]]s as &quot;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Search&amp;db=books&amp;doptcmdl=GenBookHL&amp;term=%22all+cells%22+AND+mboc4%5Bbook%5D+AND+372023%5Buid%5D&amp;rid=mboc4.section.4#23 molecular building blocks]&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ohun ẹlẹ́ẹ̀mí ṣe é tò sọ́tọ̀ bíi [[unicellular|oníhórókan]] (consisting of a single cell; èyí kàkún ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn [[bacteria|baktéríà]]) tàbí [[multicellular|oníhórópúpọ̀]] (èyí kàkún àwọn [[plants|ọ̀gbìn]] àti [[animals|ẹranko]]). Ara àwọn ọmọ ènìyàn ní bíi ẹgbẹgbẹ̀rúnkẹta 100 hóró; ìtóbi hóró jẹ́ 10&amp;nbsp;[[micrometre|µm]] nígbàtí ìkórajọ hóró jẹ́ 1&amp;nbsp;[[nanogram]].

{{ekunrere}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Sáyẹ́nsì]]</text>
      <sha1>1bqclxryxf6w9ch2u5ex03rox2yz93t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>AK-47</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15715</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637697</id>
      <parentid>571650</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T00:37:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637697</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2489" sha1="qiw6mf3q1ehxxthv70eakul08ft0wc0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:AK-47 type II noBG.png|thumb|AK-47]]
{{translate}}
{{Infobox Weapon
|name=AK-47&lt;ref&gt;Table data are for AK-47 with Type 2/3 receiver&lt;/ref&gt;
|image=[[File:AK47.jpg|300px]]
|caption=Standard AK-47
|origin={{flag|Soviet Union}}
|type=[[Assault rifle]]
|is_ranged=yes
|service=1949–present
|used_by=See ''[[#Users|Users]]''
|designer=[[Mikhail Kalashnikov]]
|design_date=1944–1947
|manufacturer=[[Izhmash]]
|production_date=
|number=approximately 75 million AK-47&lt;br /&gt;100 million AK-type rifles&lt;ref name=&quot;Worldbank.org&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;список&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,288456,00.html |title=AK-47 Inventor Doesn't Lose Sleep Over Havoc Wrought With His Invention |publisher=Fox News |date=6 July 2007 |accessdate=3 April 2010 |archivedate=3 June 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603232941/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,288456,00.html |deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|variants=See ''[[7.62 mm light machine gun|Variants]]''
|weight={{convert|5.21|kg|lb|abbr=on}} with loaded magazine&lt;ref&gt;Dockery, Kevin (2007). Future Weapons. p. 102.&lt;/ref&gt;
|length={{convert|870|mm|abbr=on}} fixed wooden stock&lt;br /&gt; {{convert|875|mm|abbr=on|1}} folding stock extended&lt;br /&gt; {{convert|645|mm|abbr=on|1}} stock folded
|part_length={{convert|415|mm|abbr=on|1}}
&lt;!-- Ranged weapon specifications --&gt;
|cartridge=[[7.62×39mm|7.62×39mm M43/M67]]
|action=[[Gas-operated reloading|Gas-operated]], [[rotating bolt]]
|rate=600 rounds/min
|velocity={{convert|715|m/s|abbr=on}}&lt;ref name=&quot;crusader80.co.uk&quot;/&gt;
|range={{convert|400|m|yd|-1}} semi-automatic&lt;ref name=Bidwell/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{convert|300|m|yd|-1}} full automatic&lt;ref name=&quot;Bidwell&quot;&gt;Bidwell, Shelford. ''The Encyclopedia of land warfare in the 20th century'', p. 199. Spring Books, 1977.&lt;/ref&gt;
|feed=10, 20 , 30 , 40, 75, or 100-round detachable box and drum style [[magazine (firearm)|magazine]]
|sights=Adjustable [[iron sights]], 100–800&amp;nbsp;metre adjustments, {{convert|378|mm|abbr=on|1}} sight radius
}}
The '''AK-47''' is a [[selective fire|selective-fire]], [[gas operated|gas-operated]] [[7.62×39mm]] [[Ìbon|assault rifle]], first developed in the [[USSR]] by [[Mikhail Kalashnikov]]. It is officially known as ''Avtomat Kalashnikova'' ({{lang-ru|'''А'''втомат '''К'''алашникова}}). It is also known as a '''Kalashnikov''', an &quot;AK&quot;, or in Russian slang, '''Kalash'''.
[[File:AK-47 type II noBG.png|thumb|Ibon Ak-47]]

{{ekunrere}}

== Itoka ==
{{reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ìbọn]]</text>
      <sha1>qiw6mf3q1ehxxthv70eakul08ft0wc0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15776</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637785</id>
      <parentid>513344</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:21:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637785</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1848" sha1="2awnm12khfip50odmx5axunxijf5ctz" xml:space="preserve">{{FixBunching|beg}}
{{Infobox royalty
| realm = Bhutan
| type = majesty
| name = Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck&lt;br /&gt;{{lang|dz|[[Fáìlì:Jigme khesar namgyel wangchuck name.svg]]}}
| succession = [[King of Bhutan]]
| image = King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck (edit).jpg
| reign =  14 December 2006 – present
| coronation =  6 November 2008
|predecessor = [[Jigme Singye Wangchuck]]
|suc-type = Heir-Presumptive
|successor = [[Jigyel Ugyen Wangchuck]]
|royal house = [[House of Wangchuck]]
|father = [[Jigme Singye Wangchuck]]
|mother = [[Tshering Yangdon]]
|date of birth = {{Birth date and age|1980|2|21|df=y}}
|place of birth = [[Dechencholing Palace]]
|date of death =
|place of death =
|date of burial =
|place of burial =
|religion = [[Vajrayana]] [[Buddhism]]
}}
{{FixBunching|mid}}
{{Royal Family of Bhutan}}
{{FixBunching|end}}
'''Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck''' ({{lang-dz|འཇིགས་མེད་གེ་སར་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་དབང་ཕྱུག་}},&lt;ref name=&quot;gov-legacy&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bhutan2008.bt/dz/node/529|accessdate=2008-11-06|title=A Legacy of Two Kings|publisher=Bhutan Department of Information Technology}}&lt;/ref&gt; ojoibi  21 February 1980) ni [[Druk Gyalpo]] ile [[Bhutan]] ikarun (Oba ile Bhutan) ati olori [[House of Wangchuck|ilé-oba Wangchuck]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Das |first=Biswajyoti |title=Bhutan's new king committed to democracy |publisher=''[[Boston Globe]]'' |date=2006-12-18 |url=http://www.boston.com/news/world/asia/articles/2006/12/18/bhutans_new_king_committed_to_democracy/?rss_id=Boston.com+%2F+News |accessdate=2008-11-06}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; O gori oye ni 14 December 2006, o si gbade ni 6 November 2008.

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Bhùtán]]</text>
      <sha1>2awnm12khfip50odmx5axunxijf5ctz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hosni Mubarak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15826</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637758</id>
      <parentid>533331</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:51:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637758</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4601" sha1="pgjgbjuv9ari0fookde2gec0o85vrf6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| birth_name = Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak
| name = Hosni Mubarak
| native_name = {{lang|ar|حسني  مبارك}}
| image = Hosni Mubarak ritratto.jpg
| caption = Mubarak in 2009
| order = 4th
| office = President of Egypt
| primeminister = {{List collapsed|title=See list|1=Himself&lt;br /&gt;[[Ahmad Fuad Mohieddin]] {{small|(1982–84)}}&lt;br /&gt;[[Kamal Hassan Ali]] {{small|(1984–85)}}&lt;br /&gt;[[Ali Lutfi Mahmud]] {{small|(1985–86)}}&lt;br /&gt;[[Atef Sedki]] {{small|(1986–96)}}&lt;br /&gt;[[Kamal Ganzouri]] {{small|(1996–99)}}&lt;br /&gt;[[Atef Ebeid]] {{small|(1999–2004)}}&lt;br /&gt;[[Ahmed Nazif]] {{small|(2004–11)}}&lt;br /&gt;[[Ahmed Shafik]] {{small|(2011)}}}}
| vicepresident = {{plainlist |
* ''None'' (1981-2011)
* [[Omar Suleiman]] (Jan-Feb 2011)
}}
| term_start = 14 October 1981
| term_end = 11 February 2011
| predecessor = [[Sufi Abu Taleb]] {{small|(Acting)}}
| successor = [[Mohamed Hussein Tantawi]] {{small|(Interim)}}{{Ref label|aaa|a}}
| office1 = [[Prime Minister of Egypt]]
| president1 = [[Sufi Abu Taleb]] {{small|(Acting)}}&lt;br /&gt;Himself
| term_start1 = 7 October 1981
| term_end1 = 2 January 1982
| predecessor1 = [[Anwar Sadat]]
| successor1 = [[Ahmad Fuad Mohieddin]]
| office2 = 15th [[Vice-President of Egypt]]
| president2 = [[Anwar Sadat]]
| term_start2 = 16 April 1975
| term_end2 = 14 October 1981
| predecessor2 = [[Hussein el-Shafei]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Mahmoud Fawzi]]
| successor2 = [[Omar Suleiman]]{{Ref label|bbb|b}}
| office3 = Secretary General of the [[Non-Aligned Movement]]
| term_start3 = 16 July 2009
| term_end3 = 11 February 2011
| predecessor3 = [[Raúl Castro]]
| successor3 = [[Mohamed Hussein Tantawi]] {{small|(Acting)}}
| office4 = Commander of the [[Egyptian Air Force|Air Force]]
| president4 = [[Anwar Sadat]]
| term_start4 = 23 April 1972
| term_end4 = 16 April 1975
| predecessor4 = [[Ali Mustafa Baghdady]]
| successor4 = [[Mahmoud Shaker]]
| office5 = Director of the [[Egyptian Air Academy]]
| term_start5 = November 1967
| term_end5 = June 1969&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Darraj |first=Susan Muaddi |url=https://books.google.com/?id=UpaKe-R_0aYC&amp;pg=PA48&amp;lpg=PA48&amp;dq=Hosni+Mubarak+1969#v=onepage&amp;q=Hosni%20Mubarak%201969&amp;f=false |title=Hosni Mubarak |last2=Cox |first2=Vicki |year=2007 |isbn=9781438104676}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| predecessor5 = Yahia Saleh Al-Aidaros
| successor5 = [[Mahmoud Shaker]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1928|5|4}}
| birth_place = [[Monufia Governorate|Kafr-El Meselha]], Egypt
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|2020|2|25|1928|5|4}}
| death_place = [[Cairo]], Egypt
| party = [[National Democratic Party (Egypt)|National Democratic Party]] {{small|(1978–2011)}}
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Suzanne Mubarak|Suzanne Thabet]]|1959}}
| children     = {{flatlist|
*[[Alaa Mubarak|Alaa]]
*[[Gamal Mubarak|Gamal]]
}}
| alma_mater = [[Egyptian Military Academy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Egyptian Air Academy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[M. V. Frunze Military Academy]]
| signature = Hosni Mubarak Signature.svg
| allegiance = {{flagu|Egypt}}
| branch = {{air force|Egypt}}
| rank = [[File:Air Chief Marshal - Egyptian Air Force rank.png|25px]] – [[Air Chief Marshal]]&lt;ref name=&quot;EAF&quot; /&gt;{{Ref label|ccc|c}}
| serviceyears = 1950–1975
| commands = [[Egyptian Air Force]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Egyptian Air Academy]]&lt;br /&gt;Beni Suef Air Base&lt;br /&gt;Cairo West Air Base
| footnotes = a. {{note|aaa}}as Chairman of the [[Egyptian Armed Forces|Supreme Council of the Armed Forces]]&lt;br /&gt; b. {{note|bbb}}Office vacant from 14 October 1981 to 29 January 2011&lt;br /&gt; c.{{note|ccc}}c. military rank withdrawn after trial
}}
'''Muhammad Hosni Sayyid Mubarak''' ({{lang-ar|محمد حسني سيد مبارك}}, {{IPA-arz|mæˈħæmːæd ˈħosni ˈsæjːed moˈbɑːɾɑk}}, {{transl|ar|ISO|''Muḥammad Ḥusnī Sayyid Mubārak''}}; ojoibi 4 May 1928&lt;ref name=&quot;dob&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-02/11/c_13726572.htm|title=Profile: Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak|publisher=[[Xinhua News Agency]]|date=2010-02-10|accessdate=2011-02-11|archive-date=2011-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110214024928/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-02/11/c_13726572.htm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; - 25 February 2020) je [[President of Egypt|Aare]] kerin orile-ede [[Egypt|Orileolominira Arabu ile Egypti]] lati 14 October 1981, leyin iku Aare [[Anwar El-Sadat]] titi de 2011. Ohun ni olori orile-ede Egypti to pejulo lori aga lati igba [[Muhammad Ali of Egypt|Muhammad Ali Pasha]].


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist}}

{{EgyptPresidents}}
{{EgyptPMs}}

{{igbesiaye|1928|2020|Mubarak Hosni}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Egypt]]</text>
      <sha1>pgjgbjuv9ari0fookde2gec0o85vrf6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Abedi Pele</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18506</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637701</id>
      <parentid>462372</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T00:53:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637701</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2465" sha1="2hnagbr7nd0t1jxx3999jbe8nwvna4r" xml:space="preserve">{{Football player infobox| playername= Abedi Pele
| fullname = Abedi Ayew
| nickname = Pele, Maestro
| image = [[File:Gbagbo abedi-pélé.jpg|250px]]
| dateofbirth = {{birth date and age|1964|11|5}}
| cityofbirth = [[Accra]]
| countryofbirth = [[Ghana]]
| height = 1.74 m &lt;ref&gt;http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/football/abedi-pele.html&lt;/ref&gt;
| currentclub  =
| position = Striker
| youthyears = &lt;br /&gt;197?–1978
| youthclubs = Dome Anglican Primary School&lt;br /&gt;Great Falcons
| years = 1978–1982&lt;br /&gt;1983&lt;br /&gt;1984&lt;br /&gt;1985&lt;br /&gt;1986–1987&lt;br /&gt;1987&lt;br /&gt;1987–1988&lt;br /&gt;1988–1990&lt;br /&gt;1990–1993&lt;br /&gt;1993–1994&lt;br /&gt;1994–1996&lt;br /&gt;1996–1998&lt;br /&gt;1998–2000
| clubs = [[Real Tamale United]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Al Sadd]]&lt;br /&gt;[[AS Dragons FC de l'Ouémé]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Real Tamale United]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Chamois Niort FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[FC Mulhouse]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Lille OSC|Lille]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Olympique de Marseille|Marseille]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Olympique Lyonnais|Lyon]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Torino Calcio|Torino]]&lt;br /&gt;[[TSV 1860 München|1860 Munich]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Al Ain FC|Al Ain]]
| caps(goals) = &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{0}}32 (14)&lt;br /&gt;{{0}}16 {{0}}(5)&lt;br /&gt;{{0}}{{0}}9 {{0}}(0)&lt;br /&gt;{{0}}61 (16)&lt;br /&gt;103 (23)&lt;br /&gt;{{0}}29 {{0}}(3)&lt;br /&gt;{{0}}49 (11)
{{0}}50 {{0}}(2)
| nationalyears = 1982–1998
| nationalteam = [[Ghana national football team|Ghana]]
| nationalcaps(goals) = 73&lt;ref name=&quot;uefa meridian&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.uefa.com/competitions/meridiancup/news/kind=1/newsid=1880.html |title=All-Stars clash kick off in Bari |accessdate=2007-04-06 |date=2001-02-01 |work=Meridian Cup |publisher=UEFA |archive-date=2009-03-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090328020826/http://www.uefa.com/competitions/meridiancup/news/kind=1/newsid=1880.html |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; (33)
| manageryears = 2004–
| managerclubs = [[Nania F.C.]] (Head Coach and President)
| pcupdate = 7 April 2007
| ntupdate = 7 April 2007
}}

'''Abedi Ayew''', bakanna gege bi '''Abedi &quot;Pele&quot;''' (ojoibi November 5, 1964) je agbaboolu omo orile-ede [[Ghana]] tele. Won pe ni [[African Footballer of the Year|Agbaboolu Ara Afrika Odun]] ni 1991, 1992 and 1993.


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}
{{African Footballer of the Year}}
{{FIFA 100}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pele Abedi}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1964]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ ará Ghánà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ Ọdọdún ará Áfríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>2hnagbr7nd0t1jxx3999jbe8nwvna4r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>George Washington Carver</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20865</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637752</id>
      <parentid>504398</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:16:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637752</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1924" sha1="m0syylg9djb3sul4uhtcvr3tvdtui4x" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Person
| name  = George Washington Carver
| image   = George Washington Carver by Frances Benjamin Johnston.jpg
| caption = Photograph of George Washington Carver taken by [[Frances Benjamin Johnston]] in 1906.
| birth_date = {{Start date|1864|01}}&lt;ref name=&quot;gwcnps&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.nps.gov/archive/gwca/expanded/gwc_tour_01.htm | title=About GWC: A Tour of His Life | publisher=[[National Park Service]] | work=[[George Washington Carver National Monument]] | quote=George Washington Carver did not know the exact date of his birth, but he thought it was in January 1864 (some evidence indicates July 1861, but not conclusively). He knew it was sometime before slavery was abolished in Missouri, which occurred in January 1864. | access-date=2010-03-28 | archive-date=2008-02-01 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201171906/http://www.nps.gov/archive/gwca/expanded/gwc_tour_01.htm | dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_place = [[Diamond, Missouri]], [[United States|U.S.]]
| death_date = January 5, 1943 (aged 79) 
| death_place = [[Tuskegee, Alabama]], [[United States|U.S.]]
}}
[[Fáìlì:Carver1web.jpg|thumb|200px|Ni enu ise re ni yara ise-owo]]  
'''George Washington Carver''' (January 1864&lt;ref name=&quot;gwcnps&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;The [[Notable Names Database]] cites July 12, 1864, as Carver's birthday [http://www.nndb.com/people/582/000030492/ here].&lt;/ref&gt; – January 5, 1943), je omo orile-ede [[United States|Amerika]] to je [[scientist|onimosayensi]], [[botanist|onimo ogbin]], [[educator|oluko]] ati [[inventor|oluda]].  A ko mo ojo ibi re pato; won gbagbo pe won bi ki won o to pa [[slavery|oko-eru]] re ni [[Missouri]] ni January 1864.&lt;ref name=&quot;gwcnps&quot;/&gt; 


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carver George Washington}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1864]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 1943]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>m0syylg9djb3sul4uhtcvr3tvdtui4x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Las Vegas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>21308</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637810</id>
      <parentid>563333</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T10:56:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637810</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5174" sha1="pod64w26kcmpj3ahfonq9nm3rura170" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Las Vegas
|official_name            = City of Las Vegas
|settlement_type          = [[Ìlú]]
|nickname                 = The Gambling Capital of the World,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url = http://www.voanews.com/learningenglish/home/Words-and-Their-Stories-Nicknames-for-New-Orleans-and-Las-Vegas.html | title = Words and Their Stories: Nicknames for New Orleans and Las Vegas | work = VOA News | date = 2010-03-13 | accessdate = 29-01-2012 | archivedate = 2010-08-30 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100830130329/http://www.voanews.com/learningenglish/home/Words-and-Their-Stories-Nicknames-for-New-Orleans-and-Las-Vegas.html | deadurl = yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sin City, The Entertainment Capital of the World, Capital of Second Chances,&lt;ref name=&quot;Las_Vegas_nickname1&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/34418386/ns/travel-seasonal_travel | title = Will the real Las Vegas please stand up? | work = MSNBC | last = Lovitt | first = Rob | date = 2009-12-15 | accessdate = 04-02-2012 | archive-date = 2012-11-20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121120034254/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/34418386/ns/travel-seasonal_travel | dead-url = yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Marriage Capital of the World
|image_skyline            = LV Valley montage.jpg
|imagesize                = 300px
|image_caption            = A montage of the city of Las Vegas; from top to bottom: Las Vegas, [[Vegas Vic]], [[Binion's Horseshoe]], [[Fremont Street Experience]], and [[Plaza Hotel &amp; Casino]]
|image_flag               = Flag of Las Vegas, Nevada.svg
|image_seal               = Las Vegas seal.jpg
|image_map                = Clark County Nevada Incorporated Areas Las Vegas highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of the city of Las Vegas within [[Clark County, Nevada]]
|image_map1               =
|mapsize1                 =
|map_caption1             =
|pushpin_map              = USA2
|pushpin_map_caption      = Location within the [[Contiguous United States|contiguous United States of America]]
|coordinates_region       = US-NV
|subdivision_type         = [[List of countries|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Nevada]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Nevada|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Clark County, Nevada|Clark]]
|government_type          = [[council-manager government|Council-Manager]]
|leader_title             = Mayor
|leader_name              = [[Carolyn G. Goodman]] ([[Independent (politician)|I]])
|leader_title1            = [[City Manager]]
|leader_name1             = Betsy Fretwell
|area_magnitude           = 1 E9
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = May 15, 1905
|established_title1       = Incorporated
|established_date1        = March 16, 1911
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_total_km2           = 
|area_total_sq_mi         = 135.8
|area_land_km2            = 
|area_land_sq_mi          = 135.8
|area_water_km2           = 
|area_water_sq_mi         = .05
|population_as_of         = 2010
|population_footnotes     =&lt;ref name=&quot;Census 2010&quot;/&gt;
|population_urban         = 1,314,356
|population_metro         = 1,951,269
|population_total         = 583,756
|population_note          = ([[List of United States cities by population|30th most in the U.S.]])
|population_density_km2   = 
|population_density_sq_mi = 4298.1
|population_demonym       = Las Vegan
|timezone                 = [[Pacific Standard Time Zone|PST]]
|utc_offset               = −8
|timezone_DST             = [[Pacific Daylight Time|PDT]]
|utc_offset_DST           = −7
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              =
|area_code                = [[Area code 702|702]]
|latd = 36 |latm = 10 |lats = 30 |latNS = N
|longd = 115 |longm = 08 |longs = 11 |longEW = W
| coordinates_display     = inline,title
|elevation_m              = 610
|elevation_ft             = 2001
|website                  = [http://www.lasvegasnevada.gov/ www.lasvegasnevada.gov]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 32-40000
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0847388
|footnotes                =
}}
'''Las Vegas''' ({{IPAc-en|l|ɑː|s|_|ˈ|v|eɪ|ɡ|ə|s}}) ni ilu toni awon eniyan topojulo ni Ipinle [[Nevada]], ni [[USA|Amerika]], ibujoko ijoba [[Clark County, Nevada|Ibile Clark]], ati ilu to gbajumo fun [[resort|igbadun]] kariaye fun [[gambling|tele]], [[shopping]] ati [[fine dining|onje todara]]. Las Vegas, to pe ara re ni [[The Entertainment Capital of the World|Oluilu Aye fun Faaji]], gbajumo fun awon iye ile [[casino|kasino]] ati awon igbaun bi be. O ti di ilu nibi ti awon eniyan un feyintisi, o je [[List of United States cities by population|ilu 28 ti awon eniyan posi]] ni orile-ede Amerika peli idiye eniyan to to 558,383 ni 2008. 


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}
{{USLargestCities}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ìlú ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>pod64w26kcmpj3ahfonq9nm3rura170</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Boston</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22501</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637727</id>
      <parentid>595496</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T03:46:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637727</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7622" sha1="eyrzjzbf1ba5lpe6i1ybn2brlx8y8c8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
|name            = Boston
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|image_skyline            = Bostonstraight.jpg
|image_caption            = Skyline of [[Back Bay, Boston|Back Bay]], seen from the [[Charles River]], featuring Boston's two [[List of tallest buildings in Boston|tallest buildings]], the [[John Hancock Tower]] (left) and the [[Prudential Tower]] (right)
|image_flag               = Flag of Boston.svg
|image_seal               = Seal of Boston.svg
|nickname                 = Beantown,&lt;ref name=&quot;Nicknames1&quot;/&gt; The Hub (of the Universe),&lt;ref name=&quot;Nicknames1&quot;/&gt; The Cradle of Liberty,&lt;ref name=&quot;Nicknames2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.britannia.com/travel/Market/boston-vacations.html |title=Boston Travel &amp; Vacations |accessdate=2009-04-08 |year=2006 |publisher=Britannia.com |archive-date=2009-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090312073408/http://www.britannia.com/travel/Market/boston-vacations.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Cradle of Modern America,&lt;ref name=&quot;Nicknames1&quot;/&gt; The Athens of America,&lt;ref name=&quot;Nicknames2&quot;/&gt; The Walking City&lt;ref name=&quot;Nicknames1&quot;/&gt;
|image_map                = Boston ma highlight.png
|map_caption              = Location in [[Suffolk County, Massachusetts]]
|coordinates_display      = display=inline,title
|latd=42 |latm=21 |lats=28 |latNS=N
|longd=71 |longm=03 |longs=42 |longEW=W
|pushpin_map            =USA
|pushpin_map_caption    = Location in the United States 
|subdivision_type         = Country
|subdivision_name         = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1        = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Massachusetts]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Massachusetts|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Suffolk County, Massachusetts|Suffolk]]
|established_title        = Settled
|established_date         = September 17, 1630
|established_title2       = Incorporated (city)
|established_date2        = March 4, 1822
|government_type          = [[Mayor-council government|Strong mayor – council]]
|leader_title             = [[List of mayors of Boston|Mayor]]
|leader_name              = [[Thomas Menino|Thomas M. Menino]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
|area_footnotes           = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&amp;-context=gct&amp;-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&amp;-CONTEXT=gct&amp;-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1R_US12S&amp;-tree_id=4001&amp;-redoLog=true&amp;-_caller=geoselect&amp;-geo_id=04000US25&amp;-format=ST-7 |ST-7S&amp;-_lang=en |title=Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision |accessdate=2009-04-29 |work=American FactFinder |publisher=United States Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 1 |archive-date=2011-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514065545/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&amp;-context=gct&amp;-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&amp;-CONTEXT=gct&amp;-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1R_US12S&amp;-tree_id=4001&amp;-redoLog=true&amp;-_caller=geoselect&amp;-geo_id=04000US25&amp;-format=ST-7 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&amp;-context=gct&amp;-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&amp;-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1R_US12S&amp;-CONTEXT=gct&amp;-tree_id=808&amp;-redoLog=true&amp;-geo_id=&amp;-format=US-12 |US-12S&amp;-_lang=en |title=United States by Urbanized Area; and for Puerto Rico |accessdate=2009-04-29 |work=American FactFinder |publisher=United States Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 1 |archive-date=2011-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514065630/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&amp;-context=gct&amp;-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&amp;-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1R_US12S&amp;-CONTEXT=gct&amp;-tree_id=808&amp;-redoLog=true&amp;-geo_id=&amp;-format=US-12 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&amp;-context=gct&amp;-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&amp;-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1_US25&amp;-CONTEXT=gct&amp;-tree_id=808&amp;-redoLog=true&amp;-geo_id=&amp;-format=US-25 |US-25S&amp;-_lang=en |title=United States by County by State, and for Puerto Rico |accessdate=2009-04-29 |work=American FactFinder |publisher=United States Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 1 |archive-date=2011-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514065458/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&amp;-context=gct&amp;-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&amp;-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1_US25&amp;-CONTEXT=gct&amp;-tree_id=808&amp;-redoLog=true&amp;-geo_id=&amp;-format=US-25 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|area_magnitude           = 1 E+8
|area_total_sq_mi         = 89.63
|area_total_km2           = 232.14
|area_land_sq_mi          = 48.43
|area_land_km2            = 125.43
|area_water_sq_mi         = 41.21
|area_water_km2           = 106.73
|area_urban_sq_mi         = 1774
|area_urban_km2           = 4595
|area_metro_sq_mi         = 4511
|area_metro_km2           = 11683
|area_blank1_title        = [[Combined statistical area|CSA]]
|area_blank1_sq_mi        = 10644
|area_blank1_km2          = 27568
|elevation_ft             = 141
|population_as_of         = &lt;!--Given separately to each figure because of differences--&gt;
|population_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=&quot;City population&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2009/11/30/boston_successfully_wins_census_challenge/|title=Boston successfully wins Census challenge|publisher=Boston.com|access-date=2010-04-19|archive-date=2009-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091204143028/http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2009/11/30/boston_successfully_wins_census_challenge/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Urban population&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/ua/ua2k.txt |title=Alphabetically sorted list of Census 2000 Urbanized Areas |accessdate=2009-04-11 |publisher=United States Census Bureau, Geography Division |format=TXT}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Metro population&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;CSA population&quot;/&gt;
|population_total         = 620535 ('08 estimate)
|population_density_sq_mi = 12813
|population_density_km2   = 4947
|population_urban         = 4032484 ('00 census)
|population_metro         = 4522858 ('08 est.)
|population_blank1_title  = [[Combined statistical area|CSA]]
|population_blank1        = 7514759 ('08 est.)
|population_blank2_title  = [[Demonym]]
|population_blank2        = Bostonian
|timezone                 = [[Eastern Standard Time|EST]]
|utc_offset               = -5
|timezone_DST             = [[Eastern Daylight Time|EDT]]
|utc_offset_DST           = -4
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code|ZIP code(s)]]
|postal_code              = {{Collapsible list |title=53 total ZIP codes:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://zip4.usps.com/zip4/citytown.jsp |title=ZIP Code Lookup – Search By City |accessdate=2009-04-20 |publisher=United States Postal Service}}&lt;/ref&gt; |02108 – 02137, 02163, 02196, 02199, 02201, 02203, 02204, 02205, 02206, 02210, 02211, 02212, 02215, 02217, 02222, 02228, 02241, 02266, 02283, 02284, 02293, 02295, 02297, 02298}}
|area_code                = [[Area codes 617 and 857|617 and 857]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 25-07000
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 0617565
|website                  = [http://www.cityofboston.gov/ www.cityofboston.gov]
}}

'''Boston''' (pipe {{Audio-IPA|en-us-Boston.ogg|/ˈbɒstən/}}) ni [[List of capitals in the United States|oluilu]] ati ilu titobijulo ni ipinle [[Massachusetts]], bakanna o je ikan ninu awon ilu gbigbojulo ni orile-ede [[United States|Amerika]].


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== itokasi ==
{{reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ìlú ní Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>eyrzjzbf1ba5lpe6i1ybn2brlx8y8c8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé FIFA 2010</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25690</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637762</id>
      <parentid>581928</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:17:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637762</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="47653" sha1="t0v9kokee30cyzclltdbyu1jwtqgmhu" xml:space="preserve">{{translate}}
{{Infobox international football competition
| tourney_name = Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé FIFA 2010
| year = 
| other_titles = South Africa 2010
| image = 2010 FIFA World Cup logo.svg
| size = 200px
| caption = 2010 FIFA World Cup official logo
| country = South Africa
| dates = 11 June – 11 July (31 days)
| confederations = 6
| num_teams = 32
| venues = 10
| cities = 9
| champion = Spain
| count = 1
| second = Netherlands
| third = Germany
| fourth = Uruguay
| matches = 64
| goals = 145
| attendance = {{#expr: +84490 + 64100 + 31513 + 55686 + 38646 + 30325 + 38833 + 62660 + 83465 + 30620 + 62869 + 23871 + 37034 + 54331 + 32664 + 62453 + 42658 + 82174 + 31593 + 35370 + 38294 + 45573 + 64100 + 62010 + 34812 + 38074 + 26643 + 38229 + 84455 + 63644 + 34872 + 54386 + 33425 + 39415 + 61874 + 38891 + 35827 + 36893 + 37836 + 83391 + 53412 + 34850 + 63093 + 27967 + 34763 + 62712 + 41958 + 28042 + 30597 + 34976 + 40510 + 84377 + 61962 + 54096 + 36742 + 62955 + 40186 + 84017 + 64100 + 55359 + 62479 + 60960 + 36254 + 84490}}
| top_scorer = {{flagicon|URU}} [[Diego Forlán]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|GER}} [[Thomas Müller]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|NED}} [[Wesley Sneijder]]&lt;br /&gt;{{flagicon|ESP}} [[David Villa]]&lt;br /&gt;(5 goals)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/awards/golden/award=gsa/idcup=17/pastcupawards.html |title=FIFA.com |publisher=FIFA.com |accessdate=16 November 2011 |archive-date=2 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202043839/http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/awards/golden/award=gsa/idcup=17/pastcupawards.html |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| player = {{flagicon|URU}} [[Diego Forlán]]&lt;ref&gt;([[FIFA World Cup awards#Golden Ball|Golden Ball]] award)&lt;/ref&gt;
| prevseason = [[2006 FIFA World Cup|2006]]
| nextseason = ''[[2014 FIFA World Cup|2014]]''
}}
'''Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé FIFA 2010''' ni [[FIFA World Cup|Ife Eye Agbaye FIFA]] kokandinlogun, idije agbaye fun egbe agbaboolu [[List of men's national association football teams|orile-ede awon okunrin]]. O waye ni Guusu Afrika lati ojo 11 Osu Kefa de ojo 11 Osu Keje 2010. Awon orile-ede Afrika nikan ni won ni aye lati [[FIFA World Cup hosts#2010 FIFA World Cup|du]] igbalejo re; ni 2004, [[FIFA]] yan orile-ede Guusu Afrika koja Egypt ati Morocco lati di orile-ede Afrika akoko ti yio gbalejo idije na.

Gbogbo ayo sele ni [[#Venues|papa ereidaraya mewa]] ni ilu mesan kakiri orile-ede na, ayo iwasopin waye ni papa ereidaraya [[Soccer City]] ni [[Johannesburg]]. Awon egbe agbaboolu mejilelogbon ni won kopa leyin ti won ti yori ninu [[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification|àwon idije ikopa]] to bere ni Osu Kejo 2007. Ninu [[#Group stage|ere ayo akoko]] idije na, awon egbe agbaboolu kookan dije ninu adipo [[round-robin|ifigagbaga]] larin awon egbe agbaboolu merin fun ipo, awon egbe agbaboolu meji ti won lewaju ninu won ni won tesiwaju. Awon egbe agbaboolu merindinlogun yi tesiwaju ninu [[2010 FIFA World Cup knockout stage|idije pami-nku]], nibi ere ayo pami-nku igba meta fa awon egbe agbaboolu meji ti won kopa ninu ayo [[2010 FIFA World Cup Final|amuwasopin]] wa.

Ninu ayo iwasopin, orile-ede [[Spain national football team|Spein]], to je [[UEFA Euro 2008|aboriidije Europe]], bori orile-ede [[Netherlands national football team|Nedalandi]] pelu gol 1–0 leyin asiko afikun, [[Andrés Iniesta]] lo ju gol wole ni iseju 116k lati fun Spein ni ife-eye agbaye akoko re, o di orile-ede ekejo ti yio gba ife-eye na ati orile-ede Europe akoko ti yio gba ni eyin odi orile Europe. [[South Africa national football team|Guusu Afrika]] to gbalejo,  world champions [[Italy national football team|Italia]] to je aboriidije ni [[2006 FIFA World Cup|2006]] ati [[France national football team|Fransi]] to gba ipo keji ni 2006, ni gbogbo won je kikolese lati inu awon ere ayo ayikan akoko idije na. Igba akoko nu ti orile-ede agbalejo je kikolese lati inu ere ayo ayikan akoko.

==Iyan agbalejo==
{{Main|FIFA World Cup hosts#2010 FIFA World Cup}}

Africa was chosen as the host for the 2010 World Cup as part of a short-lived policy, abandoned in 2007,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://za.mg.co.za/article/2007-10-29-fifa-end-world-cup-rotation-policy|title=FIFA end World Cup Rotation|publisher=Mail &amp; Guardian Online|date=29 October 2007|accessdate=20 June 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100720070353/http://za.mg.co.za/article/2007-10-29-fifa-end-world-cup-rotation-policy|archivedate=20 July 2010|deadurl=no}}&lt;/ref&gt; to rotate the event among football confederations. Five African nations placed bids to host the 2010 World Cup: Egypt, Morocco, South Africa and a joint bid from Libya and Tunisia.

Following the decision of the FIFA Executive Committee not to allow co-hosted tournaments, Tunisia withdrew from the bidding process. The committee also decided not to consider Libya's solo bid as it no longer met all the stipulations laid down in the official ''List of Requirements''.

The winning bid was announced by FIFA president [[Sepp Blatter]] at a media conference on 15 May 2004 in [[Zürich]]; in the first round of voting South Africa received 14 votes, Morocco received 10 votes and Egypt no votes. South Africa, which had narrowly [[2006 FIFA World Cup#Host selection|failed to win the right to host the 2006 event]], was thus awarded the right to host the tournament.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/news/newsid=25395.html |title=Host nation of 2010 FIFA World Cup – South Africa |date=15 May 2004 |publisher=[[FIFA]] |accessdate=8 January 2006 |archive-date=12 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112201002/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/news/newsid=25395.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

During 2006 and 2007, rumours circulated in various news sources that the 2010 World Cup could be moved to another country.&lt;ref name=&quot;harding&quot;&gt;{{cite news |first=Luke |last=Harding |title=Doubt over South Africa 2010 |date=12 June 2006 |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=http://football.guardian.co.uk/worldcup2006/story/0,,1818166,00.html |accessdate=29 August 2006 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Jermaine |last=Craig |title=Fifa denies SA may lose 2010 World Cup |date=3 July 2006 |publisher=[[The Star (South Africa)|The Star]] |url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?click_id=19&amp;art_id=vn20060703014312923C258638&amp;set_id= |accessdate=30 August 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060827152341/http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?click_id=19&amp;art_id=vn20060703014312923C258638&amp;set_id= |archivedate=27 August 2006 |deadurl=no }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Franz Beckenbauer]], Horst R. Schmidt and, reportedly, some [[FIFA]] executives, expressed concern over the planning, organisation, and pace of South Africa's preparations.&lt;ref name=&quot;harding&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Beckenbauer issues 2010 warning |date=20 September 2006 |publisher=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/5362504.stm |accessdate=19 October 2006 }}&lt;/ref&gt; FIFA officials repeatedly expressed their confidence in South Africa as host, stating that a contingency plan existed only to cover natural catastrophes, as had been in place at previous FIFA World Cups.&lt;ref name=&quot;yoong&quot;&gt;{{cite news |first=Sean |last=Yoong |title=FIFA says South Africa 'definitely' will host 2010 World Cup |date=8 May 2007 |agency=Associated Press |url=http://sports.yahoo.com/sow/news;_ylt=Ah.1PkVLAGTpuoi3rG.VSMgmw7YF?slug=ap-fifa-wcup2010&amp;prov=ap&amp;type=lgns |accessdate=15 May 2007 |archivedate=9 June 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609170927/https://sports.yahoo.com/soccer/ |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ayò ìkópa==
{{Main|2010 FIFA World Cup qualification}}
The qualification draw for the 2010 World Cup was held in [[Durban]] on 25 November 2007. As the host nation, [[South Africa national football team|South Africa]] qualified automatically for the tournament. As happened in the [[2006 FIFA World Cup|previous tournament]], the defending champions were not given an automatic berth, and [[Italy national football team|Italy]] had to participate in qualification. With a pool of entrants comprising 204 of the 208 [[List of men's national association football teams|FIFA national teams]] at the time, the 2010 World Cup shares with the [[2008 Summer Olympics]] the record for most competing nations in a sporting event.

Some controversies took place during the qualifications. In the second leg of the [[France vs Republic of Ireland 2010 FIFA World Cup play-off|play-off between France and the Republic of Ireland]], French captain [[Thierry Henry]], unseen by the referee, handled the ball in the lead up to a late goal, which enabled France to qualify ahead of Ireland, sparking widespread controversy and debate. FIFA rejected a request from the [[Football Association of Ireland]] to replay the match,&lt;ref name=FIFA20Nov09FIFAStatementOnFAIRequest&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/newsid=1137489.html |title=FIFA statement on FAI request |publisher=FIFA |date=20 November 2009 |accessdate=20 November 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091123062736/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/newsid=1137489.html |archivedate=23 November 2009 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; and Ireland later withdrew a request to be included as an unprecedented 33rd World Cup entrant.&lt;ref name=UKPA02Dec09BlatterApologisesOverComments&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/ukpress/article/ALeqM5hMVC1s6Pr6WoHBrceHOFXYf4HZRw |title=Blatter apologises over comments |publisher=Press Association |date=2 December 2009 |accessdate=3 December 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091206101142/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ukpress/article/ALeqM5hMVC1s6Pr6WoHBrceHOFXYf4HZRw |archivedate=6 December 2009 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IrishTimes02Dec09FAISetsRecordStraight&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.irishtimes.com/sports/soccer/2009/1202/1224259931744.html |title=FAI tries to set record straight |work=The Irish Times |date=2 December 2009 |accessdate=3 December 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110428232432/http://www.irishtimes.com/sports/soccer/2009/1202/1224259931744.html |archivedate=28 April 2011 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; As a result, FIFA announced a review into the use of technology or extra officials at the highest level, but decided against the widely expected fast-tracking of goal-line referee's assistants for the South African tournament.&lt;ref name=UKPA02Dec09FIFARejectExtraRefs&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/ukpress/article/ALeqM5jO_FwfnIayPK8z-g_2K2KxWTfpPA |title=FIFA reject extra referees proposal |publisher=Press Association |date=2 December 2009|accessdate=3 December 2009|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5lkKZdcQw |archivedate=3 December 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Watching South Africa &amp; Mexico match at World Cup 2010-06-11 in Soweto 7.jpg|thumb|300px|People watching the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa, with [[vuvuzela]]s.]]

[[Costa Rica national football team|Costa Rica]] complained over [[Uruguay national football team|Uruguay]]'s winning goal in the [[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (inter-confederation play-offs)#CONCACAF 4th place v CONMEBOL 5th place|CONMEBOL–CONCACAF playoff]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/internationals/blatter-we-need-goal-line-officials-at-world-cup-1831686.html |title=Blatter: we need goal line officials at World Cup President urges change as Fifa considers Ireland's appeal to be '33rd nation' at finals |last=Harris |first=Nick |date=1 December 2009 |work=The Independent |location=London |accessdate=5 January 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091205101907/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/internationals/blatter-we-need-goal-line-officials-at-world-cup-1831686.html |archivedate=5 December 2009 |deadurl=no }}&lt;/ref&gt; while Egypt and Algeria's [[2009 Egypt–Algeria World Cup dispute|November 2009 matches]] were surrounded by reports of crowd trouble.
On the subject of fair play, FIFA President Sepp Blatter said:
{{quote|I appeal to all the players and coaches to observe this fair play. In 2010 we want to prove that football is more than just kicking a ball but has social and cultural value&amp;nbsp;... So we ask the players 'please observe fair play' so they will be an example to the rest of the world.&lt;ref name=BBCSport02Dec09FIFAToInvestigateHenry&gt;{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/8391388.stm |title=Fifa to investigate Thierry Henry handball |publisher=BBC Sport |date=2 December 2009 |accessdate=3 December 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217144419/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/internationals/8391388.stm |archivedate=17 February 2020 |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

The 2010 tournament was the first World Cup not to feature any team making its debut appearance (Slovakia had not previously appeared under that name, but is considered by FIFA to be a continuation of the Czechoslovakia team that last played in the 1990 tournament). North Korea qualified for the first time since 1966; Honduras and New Zealand were both making their first appearances since 1982, and Algeria were at the Finals for the first time since the 1986 competition.

===Àtòjọ àwọn ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó yọrí láti kópa===
Awon egbe agbaboolu, pelu ip won ki idije o to bere,&lt;ref&gt;Rankings shown are those in May 2010, but the rankings used for selecting the seven non-host seeds were those of October 2009 [http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/ranking/lastranking/gender=m/fullranking.html FIFA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224011850/https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/ranking/lastranking/gender=m/fullranking.html |date=2018-12-24 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni won yori lati kopa ninu idije na.
{{col begin}}
{{col-4}}
;[[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (AFC)|AFC]] (4)
* {{fb|AUS}}&amp;nbsp;(20)
* {{fb|JPN}}&amp;nbsp;(45)
* {{fb|PRK}}&amp;nbsp;(105)
* {{fb|KOR}}&amp;nbsp;(47)
;[[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (CAF)|CAF]] (6)
* {{fb|ALG}}&amp;nbsp;(30)
* {{fb|CMR}}&amp;nbsp;(19)
* {{fb|CIV}}&amp;nbsp;(27)
* {{fb|GHA}}&amp;nbsp;(32)
* {{fb|NGA}}&amp;nbsp;(21)
* {{fb|RSA}}&amp;nbsp;(83)&amp;nbsp;(hosts)
{{col-4}}
;[[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF)|CONCACAF]] (3)
* {{fb|HON}}&amp;nbsp;(38)
* {{fb|MEX}}&amp;nbsp;(17)
* {{fb|USA}}&amp;nbsp;(14)
;[[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)|CONMEBOL]] (5)
* {{fb|ARG}}&amp;nbsp;(7)
* {{fb|BRA}}&amp;nbsp;(1)
* {{fb|CHI}}&amp;nbsp;(18)
* {{fb|PAR}}&amp;nbsp;(31)
* {{fb|URU}}&amp;nbsp;(16)
;[[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (OFC)|OFC]] (1)
* {{fb|NZL}}&amp;nbsp;(78)
{{col-4}}
;[[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|UEFA]] (13)
* {{fb|DEN}}&amp;nbsp;(36)
* {{fb|ENG}}&amp;nbsp;(8)
* {{fb|FRA}}&amp;nbsp;(9)
* {{fb|GER}}&amp;nbsp;(6)
* {{fb|GRE}}&amp;nbsp;(13)
* {{fb|ITA}}&amp;nbsp;(5)
* {{fb|NED}}&amp;nbsp;(4)
* {{fb|POR}}&amp;nbsp;(3)
* {{fb|SRB}}&amp;nbsp;(15)
* {{fb|SVK}}&amp;nbsp;(34)
* {{fb|SVN}}&amp;nbsp;(25)
* {{fb|ESP}}&amp;nbsp;(2)
* {{fb|SUI}}&amp;nbsp;(24)
{{col-4}}&lt;!-- This map should not be removed as it is shows the status of qualification by failed or not enter--&gt;

[[File:2010 world cup qualification.png|thumb|350px|{{legend|#000cff|Àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí wọ́n yọrí láti kópa nínú Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé}} {{legend|#ffb400|Àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí wọ́n kùnà láti kópa}} {{legend|black|Àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí wọ́n kò kópa nínú Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé}} {{legend|#ababab|Àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè tí wọn kì í ṣe ọmọẹgbẹ́ FIFA}}]]
{{col end}}

==Ìmúra==

Five new stadiums were built for the tournament, and five of the existing venues were upgraded. Construction costs were expected to be [[South African rand|R]]8.4&amp;nbsp;billion (just over US$1&amp;nbsp;billion or €950&amp;nbsp;million).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=SA faces R8.4bn stadium bill | date=1 October 2006 | work=[[News24]] | url=http://www.news24.com/News24/Sport/Soccer/0,,2-9-840_2006517,00.html | accessdate=13 October 2006 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061022131341/http://www.news24.com/News24/Sport/Soccer/0,,2-9-840_2006517,00.html | archivedate=22 October 2006 | deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

South Africa also improved its public transport infrastructure within the host cities, including Johannesburg's [[Gautrain]] and other metro systems, and major road networks were improved.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Joburg pursues bus rapid transit system in bid to ease gridlock by 2010 |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article.php?a_id=119725 |work=Engineering News |publisher=Creamer Media |date=2 November 2007 |accessdate=2 November 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207134446/http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article.php?a_id=119725 |archivedate=7 December 2008 |deadurl=no }}&lt;/ref&gt; In March 2009, [[Danny Jordaan]], the president of the 2010 World Cup organising committee, reported that all stadiums for the tournament were on schedule to be completed within six months.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/7966169.stm |title=SA 2010 venues 'ready by October' |date=26 March 2009 |work=BBC Sport |accessdate=26 March 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327035815/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/7966169.stm |archivedate=27 March 2009 |deadurl=no }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The country implemented special measures to ensure the safety and security of spectators in accordance with standard FIFA requirements,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa Special Measures Act, 2006 | work=Republic of South Africa, Minister of Sport and Recreation – Online Government Gazette No. 28593 | date=10 March 2006 | url=http://www.info.gov.za/gazette/bills/2006/b13-06.pdf | format=PDF | accessdate=13 October 2006 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061103065105/http://www.info.gov.za/gazette/bills/2006/b13-06.pdf | archivedate=3 November 2006 | deadurl=no }}&lt;/ref&gt; including a temporary restriction of flight operation in the airspace surrounding the stadiums.&lt;ref name=&quot;sacaa-45-2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.caa.co.za/resource%20center/AIC%27S/45-2.pdf|title=Additional Aviation Coordination and Security measures during the 2010 World Cup|date=7 May 2009|publisher=[[South African Civil Aviation Authority]]|accessdate=24 December 2009|archive-date=24 October 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091024123110/http://www.caa.co.za/resource%20center/AIC%27S/45-2.pdf|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

At a ceremony to mark 100 days before the event, FIFA president Sepp Blatter praised the readiness of the country for the event.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.africareview.com/News/SA%20marks%20100%20days%20to%20World%20Cup/-/825442/872036/-/fcqxfuz/-/index.html |title=SA marks 100 days to World Cup |date=2 March 2010 |work=Africa Review |accessdate=14 March 2010 |archivedate=15 July 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715092930/http://www.africareview.com/News/SA%20marks%20100%20days%20to%20World%20Cup/-/825442/872036/-/fcqxfuz/-/index.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Construction strike===
On 8 July 2009, 70,000 construction workers&lt;ref&gt;BBC and SABC report 70,000 while the AP, quoting the South African Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors, says 11,000&lt;/ref&gt; who were working on the new stadiums walked off their jobs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=659780&amp;sec=world&amp;cc=5901|title=World Cup construction workers strike in SAfrica|date=8 July 2009|work=ESPN Soccernet|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=8 July 2009|archivedate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102102412/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/news/story?id=659780&amp;sec=world&amp;cc=5901|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; The majority of the workers receive [[South African rand|R]]2500 per month (about [[Pound sterling|£]]192, €224 or US$313), but the unions alleged that some workers were grossly underpaid. A spokesperson for the [[National Union of Mineworkers (South Africa)|National Union of Mineworkers]] said to the [[South African Broadcasting Corporation|SABC]] that the &quot;no work no pay&quot; strike would go on until FIFA assessed penalties on the organisers. Other unions threatened to strike into 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sabcnews.com/portal/site/SABCNews/menuitem.5c4f8fe7ee929f602ea12ea1674daeb9/?vgnextoid=4159f0381c552210VgnVCM10000077d4ea9bRCRD&amp;vgnextfmt=default&amp;channelPath=Sport%20%3E%3E%20Soccer|title=NUM members working on 2010 stadiums ready for massive strike action|date=7 July 2009|work=SABC News|publisher=SABC|accessdate=8 July 2009|archive-date=1 September 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901012809/http://www.sabcnews.com/portal/site/SABCNews/menuitem.5c4f8fe7ee929f602ea12ea1674daeb9/?vgnextoid=4159f0381c552210VgnVCM10000077d4ea9bRCRD&amp;vgnextfmt=default&amp;channelPath=Sport%20%3E%3E%20Soccer|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8140433.stm|title=S Africa strike hits stadium work|date=8 July 2009|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=8 July 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090709012218/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8140433.stm|archivedate=9 July 2009|deadurl=no}}&lt;/ref&gt; The strike was swiftly resolved and workers were back at work within a week of it starting. There were no further strikes and all stadiums and construction projects were completed in time for the kick off.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sa2010.gov.za/en/node/2429|title=2010 construction strike ends|date=15 July 2009|work=Sapa|publisher=South African Government| accessdate= 1 December 2011 &lt;!--DASHBot--&gt;}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ẹ̀bùn owó==
The total prize money on offer for the tournament was confirmed by FIFA as US$420&amp;nbsp;million (including payments of US$40&amp;nbsp;million to domestic clubs), a 60 percent increase on the 2006 tournament.&lt;ref name=FIFA03Dec09RecordPrizeMoney&gt;{{cite news |title=FIFA Executive Committee holds historic meeting in Robben Island |url=http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/federation/releases/newsid=1143269.html |work=FIFA.com |publisher=FIFA |date=3 December 2009 |accessdate=26 June 2010 |archivedate=7 December 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207113623/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/federation/releases/newsid=1143269.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Before the tournament, each of the 32 entrants received US$1&amp;nbsp;million for preparation costs. Once at the tournament, the prize money was distributed as follows:&lt;ref name=FIFA03Dec09RecordPrizeMoney/&gt;
* US$8&amp;nbsp;million – To each team exiting after the [[#Group stage|group stage]] (16 teams) (${{Inflation|US|8|2010|r=2}} million in {{CURRENTYEAR}} US dollars{{inflation-fn|US}})
* US$9&amp;nbsp;million – To each team exiting after the [[#Round of 16|round of 16]] (8 teams) (${{Inflation|US|9|2010|r=2}} million in {{CURRENTYEAR}} US dollars{{inflation-fn|US}})
* US$14&amp;nbsp;million – To each team exiting after the [[#Quarter-finals|quarter-finals]] (4 teams) (${{Inflation|US|14|2010|r=2}} million in {{CURRENTYEAR}} US dollars{{inflation-fn|US}})
* US$18&amp;nbsp;million – [[#Third-place play-off|Fourth placed team]] (${{Inflation|US|18|2010|r=2}} million in {{CURRENTYEAR}} US dollars{{inflation-fn|US}})
* US$20&amp;nbsp;million – [[#Third-place play-off|Third placed team]] (${{Inflation|US|20|2010|r=2}} million in {{CURRENTYEAR}} US dollars{{inflation-fn|US}})
* US$24&amp;nbsp;million – [[#Final|Runner up]] (${{Inflation|US|24|2010|r=2}} million in {{CURRENTYEAR}} US dollars{{inflation-fn|US}})
* US$30&amp;nbsp;million – [[#Final|Winner]] (${{Inflation|US|30|2010|r=2}} million in {{CURRENTYEAR}} US dollars{{inflation-fn|US}})

In a first for the World Cup, FIFA made payments to the domestic clubs of the players representing their national teams at the tournament. This saw a total of US$40&amp;nbsp;million paid to domestic clubs. This was the result of an agreement reached in 2008 between FIFA and European clubs to disband the [[G-14]] group and drop their claims for compensation dating back to 2005 over the financial cost of injuries sustained to their players while on international duty, such as that from Belgian club [[R. Charleroi S.C.|Charleroi S.C.]] for injury to Morocco's [[Abdelmajid Oulmers]] in a friendly game in 2004, and from English club [[Newcastle United F.C.|Newcastle United]] for an injury to England's [[Michael Owen]] in the [[2006 FIFA World Cup|2006 World Cup]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Journal1Mar2007&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Fifa are adding insult to injury |url=http://www.journallive.co.uk/nufc/newcastle-united-news/2007/03/01/fifa-are-adding-insult-to-injury-61634-18690847/ |work=[[The Journal (newspaper)|The Journal]] |date=1 March 2007 |accessdate=3 July 2009 |archivedate=1 September 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901022309/http://www.journallive.co.uk/nufc/newcastle-united-news/2007/03/01/fifa-are-adding-insult-to-injury-61634-18690847/ |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=BBC06Sep2005G14FightFifa&gt;{{cite news |title=G14 starts legal fight with Fifa |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/4219244.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=6 September 2005 |accessdate=31 December 2009 |archivedate=18 November 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061118121108/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/4219244.stm |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=BBC15Feb2008G14Disbanded&gt;{{cite news |title=G-14 football group is disbanded |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7247791.stm |work=BBC Sport |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation |date=15 February 2008 |accessdate=31 December 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203172619/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7247791.stm |archivedate=3 December 2009 |deadurl=no }}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn ibi eréìdárayá==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|-
|-
!width=25%| [[Johannesburg]]
!width=25%| [[Durban]]
!width=25%| [[Cape Town]]
!width=25%| [[Johannesburg]]
|-
| [[Soccer City]] &lt;ref&gt;http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/destination/stadiums/stadium=5007759/index.html&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Pápá Eréìdárayá Moses Mabhida]]{{ref|1|1}}
| [[Pápá Eréìdárayá Cape Town]]{{ref|2|2}}
| [[Pápá Eréìdárayá Ellis Park]]
|-
| &lt;small&gt;{{Coord|26|14|5.27|S|27|58|56.47|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Soccer City}}&lt;/small&gt;
| &lt;small&gt;{{Coord|29|49|46|S|31|01|49|E|type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline|name=Moses Mabhida Stadium}}&lt;/small&gt;
| &lt;small&gt;{{Coord|33|54|12.46|S|18|24|40.15|E|region:ZA-WC_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline|name=Cape Town Stadium}}&lt;/small&gt;
| &lt;small&gt;{{Coord|26|11|51.07|S|28|3|38.76|E|type:landmark|display=inline|name=Ellis Park Stadium}}&lt;/small&gt;
|-
| Àyè: '''88,460'''
| Àyè: '''62,760'''
| Àyè: '''64,100'''
| Àyè: '''55,686'''
|-
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
! [[Pretoria]]
!rowspan=5 colspan=2|{{location map start |South Africa |float=none |width=375}}
{{location map marker |South Africa |lat=-26.234797 |long=27.982353 |label=[[Johannesburg]]|position=bottom}}
{{location map marker |South Africa |lat=-29.829444 |long=31.030278 |label= [[Durban]] |position=top}}
{{location map marker |South Africa |lat=-33.903461 |long=18.411153 |label=[[Cape Town]] |position=right}}
{{location map marker |South Africa |lat=-25.753333 |long=28.186944 |label=&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; [[Pretoria]] |position=top}}
{{location map marker |South Africa |lat=-33.937778 |long=25.598889 |label=&lt;br /&gt;[[Port Elizabeth|Port&amp;nbsp;Elizabeth]] |position=right}}
{{location map marker |South Africa |lat=-29.117292 |long=26.208847 |label=[[Bloemfontein]] |position=left}}
{{location map marker |South Africa |lat=-23.924689 |long=29.468765 |label=[[Polokwane]] |position=top}}
{{location map marker |South Africa |lat=-25.5786 |long=27.1607 |label=[[Rustenburg, North West|Rustenburg]] |position=left}}
{{location map marker |South Africa |lat=-25.46172 |long=30.929689 |label=&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; [[Mbombela|Nelspruit]] |position=top}}
! [[Port Elizabeth]]
|-
| [[Pápá Eréìdárayá Loftus Versfeld]]
| [[Pápá Eréìdárayá Etíomi Nelson Mandela]]
|-
| &lt;small&gt;{{Coord|25|45|12|S|28|13|22|E|type:landmark|display=inline|name=Loftus Versfeld Stadium}}&lt;/small&gt;
| &lt;small&gt;{{Coord|33|56|16|S|25|35|56|E|region:ZA_type:landmark|display=inline|name=Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium}}&lt;/small&gt;
|-
| Àyè: '''42,858'''
| Àyè: '''42,486'''
|-
| [[Fáìlì:Loftus Versfeld Stadium.jpg|145px]]
| 
|-
! [[Bloemfontein]]
! [[Polokwane]]
! [[Rustenburg, North West|Rustenburg]]
! [[Mbombela|Nelspruit]]
|-
| &lt;small&gt;{{Coord|29|07|02.25|S|26|12|31.85|E|type:landmark|display=inline|name=Free State Stadium}}&lt;/small&gt;
| &lt;small&gt; {{Coord|23.924689|S|29.468765|E|format=dms|region:ZA_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline|name=Peter Mokaba Stadium}}&lt;/small&gt;
| &lt;small&gt;{{Coord|-25.5786|27.1607|display=inline|format=dms|type:landmark_scale:3000|name=Royal Bafokeng Stadium}}&lt;/small&gt;
| &lt;small&gt;{{Coord|25.46172|S|30.929689|E|format=dms |region:ZA_type:landmark_source:ptwiki |display=inline|name=Mbombela Stadium}}&lt;/small&gt;
|-
| [[Pápá Eréìdárayá Free State]]
| [[Pápá Eréìdárayá Peter Mokaba]]
| [[Pápá Eréìdárayá Royal Bafokeng]]
| [[Pápá Eréìdárayá Mbombela]]
|-
| Àyè: '''40,911'''
| Àyè: '''41,733'''
| Àyè: '''38,646'''
| Àyè: '''40,929'''
|-
| 
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{refbegin}}
* {{note|1|1}}As Durban Stadium
* {{note|2|2}}As Green Point Stadium
{{refend}}


The following stadiums have all been upgraded to meet FIFA specification.
{{col-start}}
{{col-2}}
* [[Cecil Payne Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;joburg&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.joburg.org.za/content/view/1030/244/|title=Venues|publisher=joburg.org.za|accessdate=8 March 2010|archive-date=4 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804123029/http://www.joburg.org.za/content/view/1030/244/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Dobsonville Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;joburg&quot;/&gt;
* [[Gelvandale Stadium]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nelsonmandelabay.gov.za/FIFAWORLDCUP/Content.aspx?objID=32|title=Training Venues|publisher=nelsonmandelabay.gov.za|accessdate=19 March 2010|archive-date=13 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100413090212/http://www.nelsonmandelabay.gov.za/fifaworldcup/Content.aspx?objID=32|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Giant Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tshwane&quot;/&gt;
* [[HM Pitje Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tshwane&quot;/&gt;
* [[King Zwelithini Stadium]]
* [[Olympia Park|Olympia Park Stadium]]
* [[Orlando Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;joburg&quot;/&gt;
{{col-2}}
* [[Princess Magogo Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;durban&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://fifaworldcup.durban.gov.za/Pages/training_stadia.aspx|title=Durban – 2010 FIFA World Cup™ Host City|publisher=durban.gov.za|accessdate=5 March 2010|archive-date=18 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918210006/http://fifaworldcup.durban.gov.za/Pages/training_stadia.aspx|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Rabie Ridge Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;joburg&quot;/&gt;
* [[Rand Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;joburg&quot;/&gt;
* [[Ruimsig Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;joburg&quot;/&gt;
* [[Seisa Ramabodu Stadium]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sa2010.gov.za/highlights-2010|title=Highlights 2010|publisher=sa2010.gov.za|accessdate=5 March 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Sugar Ray Xulu Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;durban&quot;/&gt;
* [[Atteridgeville Super Stadium|Super Stadium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tshwane&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tshwane.gov.za/fifa_office.cfm|title=2010 FIFA World Cup Programme Office|publisher=tshwane.gov.za|accessdate=5 March 2010|archive-date=20 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081020103211/http://www.tshwane.gov.za/fifa_office.cfm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{col-end}}

==Awon ere ayo ayikan adipo==
The first round, or group stage, saw the thirty-two teams divided into eight groups of four teams. Each group was a [[round-robin tournament|round-robin]] of six games, where each team played one match against each of the other teams in the same group. Teams were awarded three points for a win, one point for a draw and none for a defeat. The teams finishing first and second in each group qualified for the Round of 16.

The South American teams performed strongly, with all five advancing to the knockout stages (four as group winners). The overall performance of African teams on the first occasion that the continent hosted the event was judged disappointing by observers such as Cameroon great [[Roger Milla]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://soccer365.com/world_cup/story_9710195414.php |title=Milla Disappointed With Africa |date=9 July 2010 |publisher=Soccer365.com| accessdate= 1 December 2011 &lt;!--DASHBot--&gt;}}&lt;/ref&gt; Of the six African nations only three won any matches, and only one (Ghana) progressed out of the first round.

Only six out of thirteen [[UEFA]] teams progressed to the last sixteen, a record low since the round of 16 was adopted in 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;South Africa 2010 in numbers&quot;/&gt; Both of the finalists from the preceding tournament, France and Italy, were eliminated in the initial stage of the competition, the first time this has happened at a World Cup.&lt;!-- This claim needs to be worded carefully: note than in both 1934 and 1966 one of the outgoing finalists was eliminated in the 1st stage and the other did not compete at all --&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2010/SPORT/football/06/24/italy.slovakia.new.zealand.paraguay/index.html |title=Champions Italy crash out of World Cup |publisher=CNN |date=24 June 2010| accessdate= 1 December 2011 &lt;!--DASHBot--&gt;}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[New Zealand national football team|New Zealand]] ended the tournament as the only undefeated team after drawing their three group matches, but they finished behind [[Paraguay national football team|Paraguay]] and [[Slovakia national football team|Slovakia]] and were eliminated.

{{anchor|Tie-breaking_criteria}}
[[File:2010 world cup.png|right|thumb|600px|{{col-start}} {{col-4}} {{legend|#2b42a3|Champion}} {{legend|#34c0be|Runner-up}} {{col-4}} {{legend|#269c5a|Third place}} {{legend|#81c846|Fourth place}} {{col-4}} {{legend|#e4e454|Quarter-finals}} {{legend|#f4d4ac|Round of 16}} {{col-4}} {{legend|#b94954|Group stage}} {{col-end}}]] &lt;!-- Note: background colour style shown here for later use, when colour codes used in map determined: &lt;span style=&quot;background-color:yellow&quot;&gt;text here&lt;/span&gt;---&gt;
;Tie-breaking criteria
Teams were ranked on the following criteria:&lt;ref name=&quot;2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa - Regulations&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/fifa_wc_south_africa_2010_regulations_en_14123.pdf |format=PDF |title=Fifa World Cup South Africa 2010 Regulations – Article 39.5 |date=July 2007 |publisher=[[FIFA]] |accessdate=1 December 2011 &lt;!--DASHBot--&gt; |archive-date=26 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926230651/http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/tournament/competition/fifa_wc_south_africa_2010_regulations_en_14123.pdf |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

:1. Greater number of points in all group matches
:2. Goal difference in all group matches
:3. Greater number of goals scored in all group matches
:4. Greatest number of points in matches between tied teams
:5. Goal difference in matches between tied teams
:6. Greatest number of goals scored in matches between tied teams
:7. Drawing of lots by the FIFA Organising Committee

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|-
!colspan=2|Key to colours in group tables
|-
| style=&quot;background:#cfc; width:20px;&quot;|
|align=left|Teams that advanced to the [[#Round of 16|round of 16]]
|}

===Àdìpọ̀ A===
{{Main|2010 FIFA World Cup Group A}}
{{2010 FIFA World Cup Group A|expanded=yes}}

{| style=&quot;width:100%;&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot;
|-
!width=25%|
!width=10%|
!width=25%|
|-
|11 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|RSA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group A#South Africa vs Mexico|1–1]] ||{{fb|MEX}}|| [[Soccer City]], [[Johannesburg]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|URU}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group A#Uruguay vs France|0–0]] ||{{fb|FRA}}|| [[Cape Town Stadium]], [[Cape Town]]
|-
|16 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|RSA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group A#South Africa vs Uruguay|0–3]] ||{{fb|URU}}|| [[Loftus Versfeld Stadium]], [[Pretoria]]
|-
|17 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|FRA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group A#France vs Mexico|0–2]] ||{{fb|MEX}}|| [[Peter Mokaba Stadium]], [[Polokwane]]
|-
|22 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|MEX}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group A#Mexico vs Uruguay|0–1]] ||{{fb|URU}}|| [[Royal Bafokeng Stadium]], [[Rustenburg]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|FRA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group A#France vs South Africa|1–2]] ||{{fb|RSA}}|| [[Free State Stadium]], [[Bloemfontein]]
|}

===Àdìpọ̀ B===
{{Main|2010 FIFA World Cup Group B}}
{{2010 FIFA World Cup Group B| expanded= yes| tiebreakers= yes| scenarios= no}}

{| style=&quot;width:100%;&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot;
|-
!width=25%|
!width=10%|
!width=25%|
|-
|12 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|KOR}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group B#Korea Republic vs Greece|2–0]] ||{{fb|GRE}}|| [[Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium]], [[Port Elizabeth]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|ARG}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group B#Argentina vs Nigeria|1–0]] ||{{fb|NGA}}|| [[Ellis Park Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
|-
|17 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|ARG}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group B#Argentina vs Korea Republic|4–1]] ||{{fb|KOR}}|| [[Soccer City]], [[Johannesburg]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|GRE}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group B#Greece vs Nigeria|2–1]] ||{{fb|NGA}}|| [[Free State Stadium]], [[Bloemfontein]]
|-
|22 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|NGA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group B#Nigeria vs Korea Republic|2–2]] ||{{fb|KOR}}|| [[Moses Mabhida Stadium]], [[Durban]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|GRE}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group B#Greece vs Argentina|0–2]] ||{{fb|ARG}}|| [[Peter Mokaba Stadium]], [[Polokwane]]
|}

===Àdìpọ̀ C===
{{Main|2010 FIFA World Cup Group C}}
{{2010 FIFA World Cup Group C|expanded=yes}}

{| style=&quot;width:100%;&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot;
|-
!width=25%|
!width=10%|
!width=25%|
|-
|12 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|ENG}}||align=center| [[England v United States (2010)|1–1]] ||{{fb|USA}}|| [[Royal Bafokeng Stadium]], [[Rustenburg]]
|-
|13 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|ALG}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group C#Algeria vs Slovenia|0–1]] ||{{fb|SVN}}|| [[Peter Mokaba Stadium]], [[Polokwane]]
|-
|18 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|SVN}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group C#Slovenia vs United States|2–2]] ||{{fb|USA}}|| [[Ellis Park Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|ENG}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group C#England vs Algeria|0–0]] ||{{fb|ALG}}|| [[Cape Town Stadium]], [[Cape Town]]
|-
|23 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|SVN}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group C#Slovenia vs England|0–1]] ||{{fb|ENG}}|| [[Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium]], [[Port Elizabeth]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|USA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group C#United States vs Algeria|1–0]] ||{{fb|ALG}}|| [[Loftus Versfeld Stadium]], [[Pretoria]]
|}

===Àdìpọ̀ D===
{{Main|2010 FIFA World Cup Group D}}
{{2010 FIFA World Cup Group D|expanded=yes}}

{| style=&quot;width:100%;&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot;
|-
!width=25%|
!width=10%|
!width=25%|
|-
|13 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|SRB}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group D#Serbia vs Ghana|0–1]] ||{{fb|GHA}}|| [[Loftus Versfeld Stadium]], [[Pretoria]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|GER}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group D#Germany vs Australia|4–0]] ||{{fb|AUS}}|| [[Moses Mabhida Stadium]], [[Durban]]
|-
|18 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|GER}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group D#Germany vs Serbia|0–1]] ||{{fb|SRB}}|| [[Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium]], [[Port Elizabeth]]
|-
|19 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|GHA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group D#Ghana vs Australia|1–1]] ||{{fb|AUS}}|| [[Royal Bafokeng Stadium]], [[Rustenburg]]
|-
|23 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|GHA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group D#Ghana vs Germany|0–1]] ||{{fb|GER}}|| [[Soccer City]], [[Johannesburg]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|AUS}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group D#Australia vs Serbia|2–1]] ||{{fb|SRB}}|| [[Mbombela Stadium]], [[Nelspruit]]
|}

===Àdìpọ̀ E===
{{Main|2010 FIFA World Cup Group E}}
{{2010 FIFA World Cup Group E|expanded=yes}}

{| style=&quot;width:100%;&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot;
|-
!width=25%|
!width=10%|
!width=25%|
|-
|14 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|NED}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group E#Netherlands vs Denmark|2–0]] ||{{fb|DEN}}|| [[Soccer City]], [[Johannesburg]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|JPN}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group E#Japan vs Cameroon|1–0]] ||{{fb|CMR}}|| [[Free State Stadium]], [[Bloemfontein]]
|-
|19 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|NED}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group E#Netherlands vs Japan|1–0]] ||{{fb|JPN}}|| [[Moses Mabhida Stadium]], [[Durban]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|CMR}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group E#Cameroon vs Denmark|1–2]] ||{{fb|DEN}}|| [[Loftus Versfeld Stadium]], [[Pretoria]]
|-
|24 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|DEN}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group E#Denmark vs Japan|1–3]] ||{{fb|JPN}}|| [[Royal Bafokeng Stadium]], [[Rustenburg]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|CMR}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group E#Cameroon vs Netherlands|1–2]] ||{{fb|NED}}|| [[Cape Town Stadium]], [[Cape Town]]
|}

===Àdìpọ̀ F===
{{Main|2010 FIFA World Cup Group F}}
{{2010 FIFA World Cup Group F|expanded=yes}}

{| style=&quot;width:100%;&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot;
|-
!width=25%|
!width=10%|
!width=25%|
|-
|14 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|ITA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group F#Italy vs Paraguay|1–1]] ||{{fb|PAR}}|| [[Cape Town Stadium]], [[Cape Town]]
|-
|15 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|NZL}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group F#New Zealand vs Slovakia|1–1]] ||{{fb|SVK}}|| [[Royal Bafokeng Stadium]], [[Rustenburg]]
|-
|20 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|SVK}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group F#Slovakia vs Paraguay|0–2]] ||{{fb|PAR}}|| [[Free State Stadium]], [[Bloemfontein]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|ITA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group F#Italy vs New Zealand|1–1]] ||{{fb|NZL}}|| [[Mbombela Stadium]], [[Nelspruit]]
|-
|24 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|SVK}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group F#Slovakia vs Italy|3–2]] ||{{fb|ITA}}|| [[Ellis Park Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|PAR}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group F#Paraguay vs New Zealand|0–0]] ||{{fb|NZL}}|| [[Peter Mokaba Stadium]], [[Polokwane]]
|}

===Àdìpọ̀ G===
{{Main|2010 FIFA World Cup Group G}}
{{2010 FIFA World Cup Group G|expanded=yes}}

{| style=&quot;width:100%;&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot;
|-
!width=25%|
!width=10%|
!width=25%|
|-
|15 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|CIV}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group G#Côte d'Ivoire vs Portugal|0–0]] ||{{fb|POR}}|| [[Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium]], [[Port Elizabeth]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|BRA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group G#Brazil vs Korea DPR|2–1]] ||{{fb|PRK}}|| [[Ellis Park Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
|-
|20 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|BRA}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group G#Brazil vs Côte d'Ivoire|3–1]] ||{{fb|CIV}}|| [[Soccer City]], [[Johannesburg]]
|-
|21 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|POR}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group G#Portugal vs Korea DPR|7–0]] ||{{fb|PRK}}|| [[Cape Town Stadium]], [[Cape Town]]
|-
|25 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|POR}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group G#Portugal vs Brazil|0–0]] ||{{fb|BRA}}|| [[Moses Mabhida Stadium]], [[Durban]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|PRK}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group G#Korea DPR vs Côte d'Ivoire|0–3]] ||{{fb|CIV}}|| [[Mbombela Stadium]], [[Nelspruit]]
|}

===Àdìpọ̀ H===
{{Main|2010 FIFA World Cup Group H}}
{{2010 FIFA World Cup Group H|expanded=yes}}

{| style=&quot;width:100%;&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot;
|-
!width=25%|
!width=10%|
!width=25%|
|-
|16 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|HON}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group H#Honduras vs Chile|0–1]] ||{{fb|CHI}}|| [[Mbombela Stadium]], [[Nelspruit]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|ESP}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group H#Spain vs Switzerland|0–1]] ||{{fb|SUI}}|| [[Moses Mabhida Stadium]], [[Durban]]
|-
|21 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|CHI}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group H#Chile vs Switzerland|1–0]] ||{{fb|SUI}}|| [[Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium]], [[Port Elizabeth]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|ESP}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group H#Spain vs Honduras|2–0]] ||{{fb|HON}}|| [[Ellis Park Stadium]], [[Johannesburg]]
|-
|25 June 2010
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|CHI}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group H#Chile vs Spain|1–2]] ||{{fb|ESP}}|| [[Loftus Versfeld Stadium]], [[Pretoria]]
|- style=font-size:90%
|align=right|{{fb-rt|SUI}}||align=center| [[2010 FIFA World Cup Group H#Switzerland vs Honduras|0–0]] ||{{fb|HON}}|| [[Free State Stadium]], [[Bloemfontein]]
|}

=== Knockout stage ===
{{Round16
&lt;!-- Date-Place|Team 1|Score 1|Team 2|Score 2 --&gt;
&lt;!-- round of 16 --&gt;
|26 June – [[Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium|Port Elizabeth]] |'''{{fb|URU}}|'''2|{{fb|KOR}}|1
|26 June – [[Royal Bafokeng Stadium|Rustenburg]] |{{fb|USA}}|1|'''{{fb|GHA}}''' ([[Overtime (sports)#Association football|aet]])|'''2'''
|28 June – [[Moses Mabhida Stadium|Durban]]|'''{{fb|NED}}|'''2 |{{fb|SVK}}|1
|28 June – [[Ellis Park Stadium|Johannesburg]]|'''{{fb|BRA}}|'''3 |{{fb|CHI}}|0
|27 June – [[Soccer City|Johannesburg]] |'''{{fb|ARG}}|'''3|{{fb|MEX}}|1
|27 June – [[Free State Stadium|Bloemfontein]] |'''{{fb|GER}}|'''4|{{fb|ENG}}|1
|29 June – [[Loftus Versfeld Stadium|Pretoria]]|'''{{fb|PAR|1990}}''' ([[Penalty shootout (association football)|pen.]])|'''0 (5)'''|{{fb|JPN}}|0 (3)
|29 June – [[Cape Town Stadium|Cape Town]]|'''{{fb|ESP}}|'''1|{{fb|POR}}|0
&lt;!-- quarter-finals --&gt;
|2 July – [[Soccer City|Johannesburg]]|'''{{fb|URU}}''' ([[Penalty shootout (association football)|pen.]])|'''1 (4)'''|{{fb|GHA}}|1 (2)
|2 July – [[Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium|Port Elizabeth]]|'''{{fb|NED}}|'''2|{{fb|BRA}}|1
|3 July – [[Cape Town Stadium|Cape Town]]|{{fb|ARG}}|0|'''{{fb|GER}}|'''4
|3 July – [[Ellis Park Stadium|Johannesburg]]|{{fb|PAR|1990}}|0|'''{{fb|ESP}}|'''1
&lt;!-- semi-finals --&gt;
|6 July – [[Cape Town Stadium|Cape Town]]|{{fb|URU}}|2|'''{{fb|NED}}|'''3
|7 July – [[Moses Mabhida Stadium|Durban]]|{{fb|GER}}|0|'''{{fb|ESP}}|'''1
&lt;!-- final --&gt;
|11 July – [[Soccer City|Johannesburg]]|{{fb|NED}}|0|'''{{fb|ESP}}''' ([[Overtime (sports)#Association football|aet]])|'''1'''
&lt;!-- third place --&gt;
|10 July – [[Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium|Port Elizabeth]]|{{fb|URU}}|2|'''{{fb|GER}}|'''3
|widescore=yes}}

== Itokasi ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{FIFA World Cup}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé FIFA 2010| ]]</text>
      <sha1>t0v9kokee30cyzclltdbyu1jwtqgmhu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Clinton Davisson</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27066</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637736</id>
      <parentid>466841</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:30:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637736</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1788" sha1="3xaqefaqsgornhpbb58okrhqbzivtv7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Clinton Joseph Davisson
| image             = Clinton Davisson.jpg
| caption           = Davisson 
| birth_date        = {{birth date|mf=yes|1881|10|22}}
| birth_place       = [[Bloomington, Illinois]], USA
| death_date        = {{death date and age|mf=yes|1958|02|01|1881|10|22}}
| death_place       = [[Charlottesville, Virginia]], USA 
| nationality       = United States
| field             = [[Physics]]
| work_institutions = [[Princeton University]]&lt;br&gt;[[Carnegie Institute of Technology]]&lt;br&gt;[[Bell Labs]]
| alma_mater        = [[University of Chicago]]&lt;br&gt;[[Princeton University]]
| doctoral_advisor  = [[Owen Richardson]]
| doctoral_students = 
| known_for         = [[Electron diffraction]]
| influenced        = Joseph A. Becker&lt;br&gt;[[William Shockley]]
| prizes            = [[Comstock Prize in Physics]] (1928)&lt;ref name=Comstock&gt;{{cite web|title=Comstock Prize in Physics|url=http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_comstock|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|accessdate=13 February 2011|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225124148/http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_comstock|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Elliott Cresson Medal]] (1931)&lt;br&gt; {{nowrap|[[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (1937)}}
| footnotes         = 
}}
'''Clinton Joseph Davisson''' (October 22, 1881 &amp;ndash; February 1, 1958) je onimosayensi ara [[USA|Amerika]] to gba [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Ebun Nobel]] ninu [[Physics|Fisiksi]].

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}
{{Ẹ̀bùn Nobel nínú Físíksì 1926–1950}}

{{igbesiaye|1881|1958|Davisson, Clinton}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ẹlẹ́bùn Nobel nínú Físíksì]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ẹlẹ́bùn Nobel ará Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>3xaqefaqsgornhpbb58okrhqbzivtv7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chioma Ajunwa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30407</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637732</id>
      <parentid>496507</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:20:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637732</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2188" sha1="l3mam6khwxprx1ubrapqdx9viixfhzu" xml:space="preserve">{{MedalTableTop}}
{{MedalSport | Women's [[Athletics (sport)|Athletics]]}}
{{MedalCountry | {{NGR}} }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Olympic Games]]}}
{{MedalGold | [[1996 Summer Olympics|1996 Atlanta]] | Ìfòjìnnà}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]]}}
{{MedalSilver | [[1997 IAAF World Indoor Championships|1997 Paris]] | Ìfòjìnnà}}
{{MedalBottom}}

'''Chioma Ajunwa''' (Tsioma Ajunwa; ojoibi December 25, 1970 in [[Ahiara]] [[Agbegbe Ijoba Ibile Mbaise|Mbaise]] [[Ipinle Imo]]), je [[Athletics (sport)|elere ori papa]] lati [[Nigeria]], to ti figba kan gba [[association football|boolu elese]] fun [[Nigeria women's national football team|egbe agbaboolu awon obinrin Nigeria]].&lt;ref&gt;{{FIFA player|497|Chioma Ajunwa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ohun ni omo Nigeria akoko to gba [[gold medal|eso wura]] [[Olympic Games|Olympiki]] ati bakanna obinrin ara Afrika akoko to gba eso wura Olympiki ninu idije ori papa. O gba ipo kinni She ninu [[long jump|ifojinna]] awon obinrin ni [[1996 Olympics|Olympiki 1996]] ni [[Atlanta]], pelu ifo 7.12m ni igbiyanju akoko re ni idopin idije.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=Sports Reference|title=Chioma Ajunwa Biography and Statistics|url=http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/aj/chioma-ajunwa-1.html|accessdate=2009-10-14|archive-date=2009-09-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090901135649/http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/aj/chioma-ajunwa-1.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bakanna o tun je oga ibise ni Nigeria Police Force ni igbana.

O gba eso wura ni [[Athletics at the 1991 All-Africa Games|Awon Ere Gbogbo Afrika 1991]]. O je  fifofindelona kuro ni ere-idaraya fun odun merin leyin to kuna idanwo doping ni 1992.

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{iaaf name|id=60019}}

{{Nigeria Squad 1991 Women's World Cup}}
{{Footer Olympic Champions Long Jump Women}}
{{Footer All-Africa Champions Long Jump Women}}

{{igbesiaye|1970||Ajunwa Chioma}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ ará Nàìjíríà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn eléré-ìdárayá ará Nàìjíríà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn tó gba ẹ̀ṣọ́ wúrà Òlímpíkì fún Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>l3mam6khwxprx1ubrapqdx9viixfhzu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Johannes Heesters</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35505</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637788</id>
      <parentid>628003</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:26:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637788</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2228" sha1="5cz5taxsanq4a86joabufznaagokat5" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Person
| name        = Johannes Heesters
| image       = Johannes Heesters.jpg
| caption     = Heesters in March 2006
| birth_date  = {{birth date and age|1903|12|5}}
| birth_place =  [[Amersfoort]], [[Netherlands]]
| job  = [[Singer]] and [[actor]]
| yearsactive = 1917–present
| salary      = 
| networth    = $65,000,000
| spouse      = [[Simone Rethel]] (1991)
| website     = [http://www.johannes-heesters.de www.johannes-heesters.de]
| footnotes   = Won 19 Bambi-awards
}}
'''Johannes Heesters''' (ojoibi [[December 5]], [[1903]]) je [[actor|osere]], [[singer|akorin]], ati [[entertainer|onifaaji]] ara [[the Netherlands|Hollandi]] . 


O ti sise fun odun 91, be sini o sise nibi ti won ti unso ede [[German language|Jemani]]. Titi to fi di April 2011, Heesters ni eni agbalagba julo to un sise ninu faaji. Awon kan ko bi fe feran Heesters nitoripe o korin fun [[Adolf Hitler]] nigba kan ri.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|url = http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/anger-at-concert-by-hitler-singer-104-783550.html
|title = Anger at concert by Hitler singer, 104
|accessdate = 2008-07-28
|last = Ellicott
|first = Claire
|date = [[February 18]], [[2008]]
|publisher = [[The Independent]]
|archive-date = 2008-12-08
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081208094109/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/anger-at-concert-by-hitler-singer-104-783550.html
|dead-url = yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Heesters segbeyawo ni emaji: lati 1930-1985 o fe osere ara Belgiom Louise Ghijs ([[1906]]) ati lati 1991-doni o fe [[Simone Rethel]]. Heesters ni omobinrin meji latodo iyawo re akoko ati awon omoomo marun, omoomo-unla mokanla, omoomo-unla-unla medogbon ati omoomokunrin-unla-unla-unla kan ni titi 2011.

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}

== Awon Ibiitakun ==
* {{imdb name|id=0373535|name=Johannes Heesters}}
* [http://www.johannes-heesters.de/ Official website] (in German)
* [http://film.virtual-history.com/person.php?personid=1202 Postcards and tobacco cards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090316072429/http://film.virtual-history.com/person.php?personid=1202 |date=2009-03-16 }}

{{BD|1903||Heesters, Johannes}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Nẹ́dálándì]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Centenarians]]</text>
      <sha1>5cz5taxsanq4a86joabufznaagokat5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lagbaja</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36902</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637808</id>
      <parentid>613012</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T10:38:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637808</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4269" sha1="j0plbjudfqwp7cu4t4w3nhti1xpl4jy" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' tí orúkọ ìnagijẹ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ '''Bísádé Ológundé''' tí a bí ní ìlú Èkó ni ọdún 1960 jẹ́ gbajúgbajà akọrin afrobeat ọmọ orílè èdè [[Nàìjíríà]]. Gbogbo ènìyàn mọ akọrin yí sí Lágbájá nítorí wípé ó jé ẹni tí ó fẹ́ràn láti máa lo ìbòjú láti dáàbò bo ara rẹ kí wọn má le dáa mọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Tunde|first1=Okanlawon|title=Nigerians celebrate Iconic Afrobeat musician, Lagbaja|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2020/05/20/nigerians-celebrate-iconic-afrobeat-musician-lagbaja/|accessdate=21 June 2020|publisher=PM News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Mark|first1=Jenkins|title=Lagbaja takes Afropop in many different directions at Howard Theater|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/lagbaja-takes-afropop-in-many-different-directions-at-howard-theater/2015/05/19/5b329408-fd65-11e4-8b6c-0dcce21e223d_story.html|accessdate=21 June 2020|work=The Washington Post}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó gbàgbọ́ nínú àtúntó ìlú láti ipasẹ̀ orin kíkọ.

{{Infobox musical artist|name=Lagbaja|image=[[File:Lagbaja.jpg|thumb|Lagbaja]] |caption=Glo Oga SIM - The Unrivaled Big Boss of Data ft. Lagbaja|background=solo_singer&lt;!--mandatory field must match guidelines for infobox--&gt;|birth_name=Bisinuade Ologunde|instrument=Percussion and vocals|genre=Afrobeat|occupation=Singer-songwriter, instrumentalist, founder of Opatradikoncept|years_active=1975–present|label=|website=}}

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ ayé rẹ̀ ==
Ologunde mú orúkọ ìnagije rẹ̀ &quot;Lagbaja&quot; látara &quot;Jane Doe&quot; tí ó túnmọ̀ sí en t́ ó fi ojú rẹ̀ pamọ́. Orúkọ rẹ̀ yìih hàn nínú ìmúra rẹ̀ àti ìbòjú tó fi bojú. Ó dá ẹgbẹ́ akọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ silẹ̀ ní ọdún 1991 ní ìpínlè Èkó,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Jon|first1=Pareles|title=POP REVIEW; Mining a Musical Diaspora, From a Yoruban Beat to Jazz|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/11/arts/pop-review-mining-a-musical-diaspora-from-a-yoruban-beat-to-jazz.html?pagewanted=1|accessdate=21 June 2020|work=The New York Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Annemette|first1=Kirkegaard|title=Playing with Identities in Contemporary Music in Africa|date=2002|pages=32–35|isbn=9789171064967|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jlko7YMatxIC&amp;q=lagbaja+part+with+ego&amp;pg=PA32|accessdate=21 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn tí ó kọ́ ara rẹ̀ bí a ṣe ń kọ́ sákísófóònù. Pẹ̀lú ìlò ìlù lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí kòngà àti ìlù gángan (talking drum),&lt;ref&gt;https://www.allmusic.com/artist/lagbaja-mn0000125482/biography&lt;/ref&gt; àwo-orin Lagbaja We Before Me (IndigeDisc/PDSE), tí a gbé jáde ní ọdún 2000, bẹ̀ àwọn olóṣèlú pé kí wọ́n jẹ́ olóòtítọ́, ó sì gba aráyé níyànjú sí ìbátan ará-ẹ̀dá àti ìṣọ̀kan. Ó máa ń pín ọ̀rọ̀ orin rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú akọrin ìtìlẹ́yìn kan, Ego Ihenacho, ó sì tún ń kọ́ sákísófóònù tenor. Pẹ̀lú ohùn tó lágbára, tó jinlẹ̀ tí ó dàbí ti John Coltrane àti Pharoah Sanders, ó ń dá àkòrí orin rẹ̀ lójú, nígbà míì Ego sì máa ń tẹ̀lé e pẹ̀lú scat-singing.

== Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ rè ==

* 2006 [[:en:Channel_O_Music_Video_Awards|Channel O Music Video Awards]] – Best Male Video (&quot;Never Far Away&quot;)&lt;ref&gt;BBC: [https://www.bbc.co.uk/africabeyond/africaonyourstreet/features/17796.shtml Channel O Spirit Of Africa Music Video Awards 2006] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100105043119/http://www.bbc.co.uk/africabeyond/africaonyourstreet/features/17796.shtml |date=2010-01-05 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àtòjọ àwọn orin rẹ̀ ==

* 'Ikira', 1993
* ''Lagbaja'', 1993&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2009-12-25|title=The Lagbaja Story|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2009/12/the-lagbaja-story/|access-date=2022-03-08|website=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Cest Un African Thing'', 1996
* ''ME'', 2000
* ''WE'', 2000
* We and Me Part II, 2000
* ''ABAMI'', 2000
* ''Africano... the mother of groove'', 2005
* ''Paradise'', 2009
* ''Sharp Sharp'', 2009
* ''200 Million Mumu (The Bitter Truth)'', 2012

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
[[Ẹ̀ka:àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní ]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olórin ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>j0plbjudfqwp7cu4t4w3nhti1xpl4jy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>George Carlin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>37815</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637751</id>
      <parentid>589207</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:13:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637751</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9330" sha1="rd3w9qosz6k6m3l4yolnov0wmcub5az" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox comedian
| name = George Carlin
| image = Jesus is coming.. Look Busy (George Carlin).jpg
| caption = Carlin in [[Trenton, New Jersey]] on April 4, 2008
| birth_name = George Denis Patrick Carlin
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1937|5|12}}
| birth_place = [[New York City, New York]], [[United States|U.S.]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2008|6|22|1937|5|12}}
| death_place = [[Santa Monica, California]], [[United States|U.S.]]
| medium = [[stand-up comedy|Stand-up]], [[television]], [[film]], [[book]]s, [[radio]]
| religion = No Religion
| nationality = [[United States of America|American]]
| active = 1956–2008
| genre = [[Character comedy]], [[observational comedy]], [[Insult comedy]], [[wit]]/[[word play]], [[satire]]/[[political satire]], [[black comedy]], [[surreal humor]], [[sarcasm]], [[blue comedy]]
| subject = [[American culture]], [[American English]], [[everyday life]], [[atheism]], [[recreational drug use]], [[death]], [[philosophy]], [[human behavior]], [[American politics]], [[parenting]], [[child]]ren, [[religion]], [[profanity]], [[psychology]], [[Anarchism]], [[race relations]], [[old age]], [[pop culture]], [[self-deprecation]], [[childhood]], [[family]]
| influences = [[Danny Kaye]],&lt;ref name=&quot;MurrayJ&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.avclub.com/content/node/42195|title=Interviews: George Carlin|last=Murray|first=Noel|date=November 2, 2005|publisher=''[[The Onion]]''|work=[[The A.V. Club]]|accessdate=2008-06-23}}
&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;playboy&quot;/&gt; [[Jonathan Winters]],&lt;ref name=&quot;playboy&quot;/&gt; [[Lenny Bruce]],&lt;ref name=&quot;NPR&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4136881|title=Comedian and Actor George Carlin|last=Carlin|first=George|date=November 1, 2004|publisher=[[National Public Radio]]|accessdate=2008-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;comedy&quot;&gt;Carlin, George, ''[[George Carlin on Comedy]]'', &quot;Lenny Bruce&quot;, Laugh.com, 2002&lt;/ref&gt; [[Richard Pryor]],&lt;ref name=&quot;bravo&quot;/&gt; [[Jerry Lewis]],&lt;ref name=&quot;playboy&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bravo&quot;/&gt; [[Marx Brothers]],&lt;ref name=&quot;playboy&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bravo&quot;/&gt; [[Mort Sahl]],&lt;ref name=&quot;comedy&quot;/&gt; [[Spike Jones]],&lt;ref name=&quot;bravo&quot;/&gt; [[Ernie Kovacs]],&lt;ref name=&quot;bravo&quot;/&gt; [[Ritz Brothers]]&lt;ref name=&quot;playboy&quot;/&gt; [[Monty Python]]&lt;ref name=&quot;bravo&quot;/&gt;
| influenced = [[Chris Rock]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,20210534,00.html|title=Chris Rock Salutes George Carlin|author=Rock, Chris|authorlink=Chris Rock|publisher=[[EW.com]]|date=2008-07-03|accessdate=2008-07-04|archive-date=2011-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606235020/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,20210534,00.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Jerry Seinfeld]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite video| people = Seinfeld, Jerry| title = Jerry Seinfeld: The Comedian Award| medium = TV| publisher = [[HBO]]|date = 2007-04-01}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Bill Hicks]], [[Jim Norton (comedian)|Jim Norton]], [[Sam Kinison]], [[Louis C.K.]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.louisck.net/2008/06/goodbye-george-carlin.html|title=Goodbye George Carlin|author=C.K., Louis|authorlink=Louis C.K.|publisher=LouisCK.net|date=2008-06-22|accessdate=2008-06-23|archive-date=2008-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080701054320/http://www.louisck.net/2008/06/goodbye-george-carlin.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Bill Cosby]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-et-joketheft24jul24,1,6252669,full.story?coll=la-headlines-california&amp;ctrack=5&amp;cset=true|title=Funny, that was my joke|publisher=''[[The Los Angeles Times]]''|author=Welkos, Robert W.|date=2007-07-24|accessdate=2008-06-26|archive-date=2008-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081221013725/http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-et-joketheft24jul24%2C1%2C6252669%2Cfull.story?coll=la-headlines-california&amp;ctrack=5&amp;cset=true|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Lewis Black]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://origin.avclub.com/content/node/49217|title=Lewis Black|publisher=''[[The Onion]]''|work=[[The A.V. Club]]|author=Gillette, Amelie|date=2006-06-07|accessdate=2008-06-23|archive-date=2007-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070707005744/http://origin.avclub.com/content/node/49217|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Jon Stewart]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite video| people = Stewart, Jon| title = George Carlin: 40 Years of Comedy | medium = TV| publisher = [[HBO]]|date = 1997-02-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Stephen Colbert]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.avclub.com/content/node/44705|title=Stephen Colbert|publisher=''The Onion''|work=The A.V. Club|author=Rabin, Nathan|date=2006-01-25|accessdate=2006-06-23|archive-date=2006-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060202094518/http://www.avclub.com/content/node/44705|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Bill Maher]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite episode|title=episode 38|airdate=2004-10-01|series=Real Time with Bill Maher|serieslink=Real Time with Bill Maher|network=[[HBO]]|season=2|number=18}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Denis Leary]], [[Patrice O'Neal]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.comedycentral.com/comedians/browse/o/patrice_oneal.jhtml |title=Comedians: Patrice O'Neal |publisher=Comedy Central |date=2008-10-30 |accessdate=2009-07-30 |archive-date=2008-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081108085406/http://www.comedycentral.com/comedians/browse/o/patrice_oneal.jhtml |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Adam Carolla]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://adamradio.wordpress.com/2007/10/ |title=2007 October « The Official Adam Carolla Show Blog |publisher=Adamradio.wordpress.com |date= |accessdate=2009-07-30 |archiveurl=https://archive.ph/20120708054457/http://adamradio.wordpress.com/2007/10/ |archivedate=2012-07-08 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Colin Quinn]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title = Colin Quinn |publisher=''The Onion''|work=The A.V. Club|url=http://www.avclub.com/content/node/22529 | author=Rabin, Nathan |date=2003-06-18|accessdate=2008-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Steven Wright]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.avclub.com/content/node/54975 |title=Steven Wright | publisher= ''The Onion''|work =The A.V. Club|author=Rabin, Nathan|date=2006-11-09|accessdate=2008-06-23}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mitch Hedberg]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://allmusic.com/artist/mitch-hedberg-p602821 |title=Mitch Hedberg | publisher= Allmusic|work =Biography|author=Jeffries, David|date=unspecified|accessdate=2011-04-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Russell Peters]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Alan Cho, Gauntlet Entertainment |url=http://gauntlet.ucalgary.ca/a/story/9549 |title=Gauntlet Entertainment&amp;nbsp;— Comedy Preview: Russell Peters won't a hurt you real bad - 2005-11-24 |publisher=Gauntlet.ucalgary.ca |date=2005-11-24 |accessdate=2009-07-30}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Jay Leno]],&lt;ref name=&quot;People&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,20208460,00.html?xid=rss-fullcontentcnn|title=Carlin Remembered: He Helped Other Comics with Drug Problems|publisher=Time Inc.|work=People|author=Breuer, Howard, and Stephen M, Silverman|date=2008-06-24|accessdate=2008-06-24|archive-date=2012-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012122818/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,20208460,00.html?xid=rss-fullcontentcnn|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ben Stiller]],&lt;ref name=&quot;People&quot; /&gt; [[Kevin Smith]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/142975/page/1|title=‘A God Who Cussed’|author=Smith, Kevin|authorlink=Kevin Smith|publisher=''[[Newsweek]]''|date=2008-06-23|accessdate=2008-07-27|archive-date=2008-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080626120736/http://www.newsweek.com/id/142975/page/1|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| spouse = '''Brenda Hosbrook'''&lt;br/&gt;'''(August 5, 1961&amp;nbsp;— May 11, 1997)''' (her death) 1 child&lt;br/&gt;'''Sally Wade''' '''(June 24, 1998&amp;nbsp;— June 22, 2008)''' (his death)&lt;ref name=&quot;obit2&quot;/&gt;
| notable_work= ''[[Class Clown]]''&lt;br/&gt;&quot;[[Seven dirty words|Seven Words You Can Never Say on Television]]&quot;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[Mr. Conductor]]'''&lt;br/&gt;in ''[[Shining Time Station]]''&lt;br/&gt;'''Narrator'''&lt;br/&gt;in ''[[Thomas and Friends]]''&lt;br/&gt; [[HBO]] [[television specials]]&lt;br/&gt;'''George O'Grady&lt;br/&gt;in ''[[The George Carlin Show]]''&lt;br/&gt;'''Rufus''' in ''[[Bill &amp; Ted's Excellent Adventure]]'' and ''[[Bill &amp; Ted's Bogus Journey]]''
| signature = George Carlin Signature.svg| | website = [http://www.georgecarlin.com/ www.georgecarlin.com] | | footnotes =
| module = {{Infobox comedian awards
  |child=yes
  | grammyawards = '''[[Best Comedy Recording]]''' &lt;br/&gt;1972 ''[[FM &amp; AM]]''&lt;br/&gt;2009 ''[[It's Bad For Ya]][posthumous]''&lt;br/&gt;'''Best Spoken Comedy Album'''&lt;br/&gt; 1993 ''[[Jammin' in New York]]''&lt;br/&gt;2001 ''[[Brain Droppings]]''&lt;br/&gt;2002 ''[[Napalm &amp; Silly Putty]]''
  | americancomedyawards ='''Funniest Male Performer in a TV Special '''&lt;br/&gt; 1997 ''[[Back in Town|George Carlin: Back in Town]]''&lt;br/&gt;1998 ''[[George Carlin: 40 Years of Comedy]]''&lt;br/&gt;'''Lifetime Achievement Award in Comedy''' 2001
 }}
}}

'''George Denis Patrick Carlin''' (May 12, 1937&amp;nbsp;– June 22, 2008) je ara Amerika [[stand-up comedy|alawada ori itage]], [[social criticism|ayewo awujo]], [[actor|osere]] ati [[author|olukowe]], to gba [[Grammy Award|Ebun grammy]] marun fun awon awo awada re.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web
|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSTRE5171UA20090208
|title=Comedian George Carlin wins posthumous Grammy
|date=February 8, 2009
|accessdate=2009-02-08
|publisher=Reuters
}}&lt;/ref&gt;


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}
{{Mark Twain Prize for American Humor}}
{{BD|1937|2008|Carlin George}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn aláwàdà ará Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>rd3w9qosz6k6m3l4yolnov0wmcub5az</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Melissa Leo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>37852</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637826</id>
      <parentid>578046</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:51:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637826</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15574" sha1="cq0xjopumtt61gj3g360gu2tzq3w4ma" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|American actress}}{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2021}}{{Infobox actor|name=Melissa Leo|image=Melissa Leo at the 2009 Tribeca Film Festival.jpg|caption=Leo at the 2009 [[Tribeca Film Festival]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1960|9|14}}|birth_place=New York City, U.S.|years active=1984–present|occupation=Actress|partner=|children=1|relatives=[[Christine Leo Roussel]] (aunt)|education=[[State University of New York, Purchase]]}}'''Melissa Chessington Leo''' (wọ́n bí ní Ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá, osù kẹsàn-án, ọdún 1960)&lt;ref name=&quot;TCM2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/1142358%7C0/Melissa-Leo#biography|title=Melissa Leo|website=[[Turner Classic Movies]]|accessdate=April 22, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Jẹ́ Ọ̀sèrè Amẹ́ríkà. Ó gbà ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọ́ọ̀dù bí Àwọ́ọ̀dù Akadẹ́mì, [[Emmy Award|Primetime Emmy Award]],  [[Golden Globe Award]], [[Screen Actors Guild Award]] àti  [[Critics' Choice Movie Awards|Critics' Choice Awards]] méjì. &lt;!--Main body says nominated for one Movie and one TV Award, but no wins--&gt;Lẹ́yìn àfihàn ẹ̀ ní àwọn eré lórí tẹlẹfísọ̀n àti fíìmù  1980s Leo padà wá di ẹni tí ó wa ṣe àfihàn dáara lórí eré ''[[All My Children]], eré yìí jẹ́ kí wọn yànhọ́ fún àwọ́ọ̀dù''  [[Daytime Emmy Award]],  àti ''[[The Young Riders]]''. Eré tí ó jẹ́ kí wọ́n mọ̀ ọ́ dáadáa ní gbogbo ayé jẹ́ eré tí ó ṣe ọ̀tẹlẹ̀múyẹ́ ní ọdún 1993 tí ó padà ṣe ọlọ́ọ̀pá [[Kay Howard]] lórí eré náà lórí tẹlẹfísọ̀n  ''[[Homicide: Life on the Street]]'' (1993–1997).

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ ayé rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n bí Leo sí  [[Manhattan]], ó dàgbà sí  [[Lower East Side]].&lt;ref name=&quot;oscar1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123507540420025655?mod=googlenews_wsj|title=Veteran Actors, First Time Nominees|work=Wall Street Journal|date=February 19, 2009|access-date=January 18, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó jẹ́ ọmọ Margaret She is the (tí àwọn ènìyàn mọ̀ sí Chessington), tísà tí wọ́n bí sí [[California|kalifọ́náì]], àti  Arnold Leo III, apẹja . Ó ní ẹ̀gbọ́n ọkùnrin tó ń jẹ́ 

Erik Leo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Lambert|first1=Pam|title=She's All Right Jack|url=http://people.com/archive/shes-all-right-jack-vol-44-no-23/|access-date=July 22, 2017|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=December 4, 1995}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ààntí rẹ̀ láti ọ̀dọ̀ bàbà jẹ́ òwúlẹ̀wútà, orúkọ rẹ̀ ni  [[Christine Leo Roussel]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.rousselartconservation.com/about.html Roussel art website] retrieved 3/7/2015&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn òbí Leo fara wọn sílẹ̀, lẹ́yìn náà ni ìyá rẹ̀ mú gbogbo wọn lọ sí  Red Clover Commune, ní [[Putney, Vermont]].&lt;ref name=&quot;TCM&quot; /&gt;

Leo bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní ma ṣeré nígbà tó ti wà ní kékeré pẹ̀lú ilé-isẹ́ [[Bread and Puppet Theater]]. Ó lọ sí [[Bellows Falls High School]] ní [[Bellows Falls, Vermont]], ó dẹ̀ kọ́ iṣẹ́ òṣèrè ní [[Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts]] ní London àti [[State University of New York at Purchase|SUNY Purchase]], ṣùgbọ́n kò parí níbẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;[http://thehollywoodinterview.blogspot.com/2009/01/best-actress-nominee-melissa-leo.html Melissa Leo interview] retrieved 3/8/2015&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.newsday.com/news/printedition/longisland/ny-lileo226045011feb22,0,3078015.story|title=Actress up for Oscar has longtime ties to Hamptons|work=Newsday|date=February 21, 2009|access-date=January 18, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225100619/http://www.newsday.com/news/printedition/longisland/ny-lileo226045011feb22,0,3078015.story|archive-date=February 25, 2009|url-status=dead|archivedate=February 25, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225100619/http://www.newsday.com/news/printedition/longisland/ny-lileo226045011feb22,0,3078015.story|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Mother's California birth stated on the ''[[68th Golden Globe Awards]]'', January 16, 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/doc/278257673.html?FMT=ABS&amp;FMTS=ABS%3AFT&amp;type=current&amp;date=Jan%2025%2C%201990&amp;author=By%20Michele%20Ingrassia&amp;pub=Newsday%20%28Combined%20editions%29&amp;edition=&amp;startpage=&amp;desc=The%20Unlikely%20Bayman%20Arnold%20Leo%20forsook%20Manhattan%20years%20ago%20for%20the%20East%20End.%20Today%2C%20he%27s%20the%20single%20most%20powerful%20voice%20for%20that%20endangered%20species%2C%20the%20Long%20Island%20fisherman|work=Newsday|first=Michele|last=Ingrassia|title=The Unlikely Bayman Arnold Leo forsook Manhattan years ago for the East End. Today, he's the single most powerful voice for that endangered species, the Long Island fisherman|date=January 25, 1990|access-date=September 7, 2022|archivedate=December 30, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230000720/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/doc/278257673.html?FMT=ABS&amp;FMTS=ABS%3AFT&amp;type=current&amp;date=Jan%2025%2C%201990&amp;author=By%20Michele%20Ingrassia&amp;pub=Newsday%20%28Combined%20editions%29&amp;edition=&amp;startpage=&amp;desc=The%20Unlikely%20Bayman%20Arnold%20Leo%20forsook%20Manhattan%20years%20ago%20for%20the%20East%20End.%20Today%2C%20he%27s%20the%20single%20most%20powerful%20voice%20for%20that%20endangered%20species%2C%20the%20Long%20Island%20fisherman|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Leo lo àsìkò súmà ní Òdò bàbà rẹ̀ ní Springs, ní agbègbè [[East Hampton, New York]].&lt;ref name=&quot;oscar1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.burlingtonfreepress.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=200990122055|title=Vermonter Nominated|website=Burlington Free Press|date=January 23, 2009}}{{dead link|date=December 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn fíìmù rẹ̀ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Notes
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1985
|''Always''
|Peggy
|
|-
|''[[Streetwalkin']]''
|'Cookie'
|
|-
|1986
|''[[Deadtime Stories (film)|Deadtime Stories]]''
|Judith 'Mama' Baer
|
|-
|1988
|''{{sortname|A|Time of Destiny|A Time of Destiny (film)}}''
|Josie Larraneta
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1992
|''[[Immaculate Conception (film)|Immaculate Conception]]''
|Hannah
|
|-
|''[[Venice/Venice]]''
|Peggy
|
|-
|1993
|''{{sortname|The|Ballad of Little Jo}}''
|Beatrice Grey
|
|-
|1994
|''Garden''
|Elizabeth
|
|-
|1995
|''[[Last Summer in the Hamptons]]''
|Trish
|
|-
|1997
|''Under the Bridge''
|Kathy
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1999
|''[[The 24 Hour Woman]]''
|Dr. Suzanne Pincus
|
|-
|''Code of Ethics''
|Jo DeAngelo
|
|-
|2000
|''Fear of Fiction''
|Sigrid Anderssen
|
|-
|2003
|''[[21 Grams]]''
|Marianne Jordan
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2004
|''First Breath''
|Detective Waxman
|
|-
|''[[From Other Worlds (film)|From Other Worlds]]''
|Miriam
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |2005
|''[[Hide and Seek (2005 film)|Hide and Seek]]''
|Laura
|
|-
|''[[Runaway (2005 film)|Runaway]]''
|Lisa Adler
|
|-
|''No Shoulder''
|Ruth
|
|-
|''Patch''
|Maelynn
|
|-
|''{{sortname|The|Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada}}''
|Rachel
|
|-
|''[[American Gun (2005 film)|American Gun]]''
|Louise
|
|-
|''[[Confess (film)|Confess]]''
|Agnes Lessor
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |2006
|''[[Stephanie Daley]]''
|Miri
|
|-
|''The Limbo Room''
|K.C. Collins
|
|-
|''[[Hollywood Dreams]]''
|Aunt Bee
|
|-
|''{{sortname|The|House Is Burning|The House Is Burning (film)}}''
|Mrs. Miller
|
|-
|''Falling Objects''
|Helga
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |2007
|''Bomb''
|Sharon
|
|-
|''[[Midnight Son]]''
|Rita
|
|-
|''[[Black Irish (film)|Black Irish]]''
|Margaret McKay
|
|-
|''{{sortname|The|Cake Eaters}}''
|Ceci
|
|-
|''Racing Daylight''
|Sadie Stokes / Anna Stokes
|
|-
|''I Believe in America''
|Soto
|
|-
|''[[Mr. Woodcock]]''
|Sally Jansen
|
|-
|''One Night''
|Wendy
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |2008
|''[[Frozen River]]''
|Ray Eddy
|
|-
|''{{sortname|The|Alphabet Killer}}''
|Kathy Walsh
|
|-
|''Lullaby''
|Stephanie
|
|-
|''Night of the Living Jews''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nightofthelivingjews.com/shlemiels.html Night of the Living Jews – Credits] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112130010/http://www.nightofthelivingjews.com/shlemiels.html|date=November 12, 2013}} on official website.&lt;/ref&gt;
|[[Jewish mother stereotype|Jewish Mother]] Zombie
|
|-
|''Santa Mesa''
|Maggie
|
|-
|''[[Ball Don't Lie]]''
|Georgia
|
|-
|''This is a Story About Ted and Alice''
|Alice
|
|-
|''[[Righteous Kill]]''
|Cheryl Brooks
|
|-
|''[[Why Stop Now (film)|Predisposed]]''
|Penny
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |2009
|''[[According to Greta]]''
|Karen
|
|-
|''[[Stephanie's Image]]''
|Stephanie
|
|-
|''[[True Adolescents]]''
|Sharon
|
|-
|''[[Veronika Decides to Die (film)|Veronika Decides to Die]]''
|Mari
|
|-
|''[[Dear Lemon Lima]]''
|Mrs. Howard
|
|-
|''[[Don McKay (film)|Don McKay]]''
|Marie
|
|-
|''[[Everybody's Fine (2009 film)|Everybody's Fine]]''
|Colleen
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |2010
|''[[Welcome to the Rileys]]''
|Lois Riley
|
|-
|''{{sortname|The|Dry Land}}''
|Martha
|
|-
|''[[The Space Between (2010 film)|The Space Between]]''
|Montine
|
|-
|''[[The Fighter]]''
|Alice Eklund-Ward
|
|-
|''[[Conviction (2010 film)|Conviction]]''
|Nancy Taylor
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2011
|''[[Red State (2011 film)|Red State]]''
|Sarah Cooper
|
|-
|''The Sea Is All I Know''
|Sara
|Short film
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2012
|''[[Flight (2012 film)|Flight]]''
|Ellen Block
|
|-
|''[[Why Stop Now (film)|Why Stop Now]]''
|Penny Bloom
|
|-
|''[[Francine (film)|Francine]]''
|Francine
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2013
|''[[Olympus Has Fallen]]''
|Secretary of Defense Ruth McMillan
|
|-
|''[[Bottled Up (film)|Bottled Up]]''
|Fay
|
|-
|''[[Oblivion (2013 film)|Oblivion]]''
|Sally / alien [[Artificial intelligence|AI]]
|
|-
|''[[Lee Daniels' The Butler]]''
|[[Mamie Eisenhower]]
|Scenes deleted
|-
|''[[Prisoners (2013 film)|Prisoners]]''
|Holly Jones
|
|-
|''[[Charlie Countryman]]''
|Kate Countryman
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2014
|''[[The Ever After]]''
|Unknown
|
|-
|''[[The Angriest Man in Brooklyn]]''
|Bette Altmann
|
|-
|''[[The Equalizer (film)|The Equalizer]]''
|Susan Plummer
|
|-
|''Dwegons and Leprechauns''&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1134666/fullcredits Dwegons and Leprechauns (2014) - Full Cast &amp; Crew - IMDb] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422000532/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1134666/fullcredits|date=April 21, 2020}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
|Grandma Fitz / Butterfly McDweg / Mrs. Fitzgerald
|
|-
|2015
|''[[The Big Short (film)|The Big Short]]''
|Georgia Hale
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2016
|''[[London Has Fallen]]''
|Secretary of Defense Ruth McMillan
|
|-
|''[[Burn Country]]''
|Gloria
|
|-
|''[[Snowden (film)|Snowden]]''
|[[Laura Poitras]]
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2017
|''[[Novitiate (film)|Novitiate]]''
|Reverend Mother Marie Saint-Clair
|
|-
|''[[The Most Hated Woman in America]]''
|[[Madalyn Murray O'Hair]]
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |2018
|''[[The Ashram (film)|The Ashram]]''
|Chandra
|
|-
|''[[Unlovable]]''
|Maddie
|
|-
|''[[Furlough (film)|Furlough]]''
|Joan Anderson
|
|-
|''[[The Parting Glass (film)|The Parting Glass]]''
|Al
|
|-
|''[[The Equalizer 2]]''
|Susan Plummer
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2021
|''[[Body Brokers]]''
|Dr. White
|
|-
|''[[Thunder Force (film)|Thunder Force]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Melissa Leo To Headline Fox Pilot 'Blood Relative', Lifting the Cast-Contingency|url=https://deadline.com/2020/02/melissa-leo-star-fox-pilot-blood-relative-lifting-the-cast-contingency-1202862484/|website=Deadline|date=February 18, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|Allie
|
|-
|''[[Ida Red (film)|Ida Red]]''
|Ida 'Red' Walker
|
|-
|''Coast''
|Olivia
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2022
|''[[Measure of Revenge]]''
|Lillian
|
|-
|''[[Alone Together (film)|Alone Together]]''
|
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Anthony|last=D'Alessandro|title=Katie Holmes Wraps Second Film As Director, Connecticut-Set Romance|url=https://deadline.com/2021/05/katie-holmes-wraps-second-feature-directorial-untitled-connecticut-romance-1234749913/|date=May 4, 2021|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|access-date=May 4, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''[[Jane (2022 film)|Jane]]''
|Principal Rhodes
|
|-
|}

=== Àwọn Eré Tẹlẹfísọ̀n ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Notes
|-
|1984–1988
|''[[All My Children]]''
|Linda Warner
|Contract cast member (1984–1985)
|-
|1985
|''[[Silent Witness (1985 film)|Silent Witness]]''
|Patti Mullen
|TV movie
|-
|1985
|''[[The Equalizer (1985 TV series)|The Equalizer]]''
|Irina Dzershinsky
|Episode: &quot;The Defector&quot;
|-
|1987
|''[[Spenser: For Hire]]''
|Mary Hamilton
|Episode: &quot;Mary Hamilton&quot;
|-
|1988
|''[[Miami Vice]]''
|Kathleen Gilfords
|Episode: &quot;Bad Timing&quot;
|-
|1989
|''[[Gideon Oliver]]''
|Rebecca Hecht
|Episode: &quot;Kennonite&quot;
|-
|1989–1990
|''[[The Young Riders]]''
|Emma Shannon
|Main cast member season 1: 24 episodes
|-
|1989
|''[[Nasty Boys (film)|Nasty Boys]]''
|Katie Morrisey
|TV movie
|-
|1990
|''[[The Bride in Black]]''
|Mary Margaret Muldoon
|TV movie
|-
|1991
|''[[Carolina Skeletons]]''
|Cassie
|TV movie
|-
|1993, 2002, 2008
|''[[Law &amp; Order]]''
|Alice Sutton / Sherri Quinn / Donna Cheponis
|Episodes: &quot;Sweeps&quot;, &quot;Who Let the Dogs Out?&quot;, and &quot;Personae Non Grata&quot;
|-
|1993–1997
|''[[Homicide: Life on the Street]]''
|Sergeant [[Kay Howard]]
|Main cast member seasons 1–5: 77 episodes
|-
|1994
|''[[Scarlett (TV miniseries)|Scarlett]]''
|Suellen O'Hara Benteen
|TV [[mini-series]]
|-
|1995
|''In the Line of Duty: Hunt for Justice''
|Carol Manning
|TV movie
|-
|1998
|''[[Legacy (American TV series)|Legacy]]''
|Emma Bradford
|Episodes: &quot;Emma&quot; and &quot;The Search Party&quot;
|-
|2000
|''[[Homicide: The Movie]]''
|Sergeant Kay Howard
|TV movie
|-
|2004
|''[[Veronica Mars]]''
|Julia Smith
|Episode: &quot;[[Meet John Smith]]&quot;
|-
|2004
|''[[CSI: Crime Scene Investigation]]''
|Sybil Perez
|Episode: &quot;Harvest&quot;
|-
|2005
|''[[Law &amp; Order: Criminal Intent]]''
|Maureen Curtis
|Episode: &quot;[[The Good Child]]&quot;
|-
|2005
|''[[The L Word]]''
|Winnie Mann
|Episodes: &quot;Luminous&quot;, &quot;Loyal&quot;, and &quot;Lacuna&quot;
|-
|2006
|''[[Shark (American TV series)|Shark]]''
|Elizabeth Rourke
|Episode: &quot;Pilot&quot;
|-
|2007
|''[[Criminal Minds]]''
|Georgia Davis
|Episode: &quot;No Way Out&quot;
|-
|2007
|''[[Cold Case]]''
|Tayna Raymes '94–'07
|Episode: &quot;Thrill Kill&quot;
|-
|2010–2013
|''[[Treme (TV series)|Treme]]''
|Toni Bernette
|Main cast member seasons 1–4: 36 episodes
|-
|2011
|''[[Mildred Pierce (miniseries)|Mildred Pierce]]''
|Lucy Gessler
|TV [[mini-series]]: 5 episodes
|-
|2012
|''[[Louie (American TV series)|Louie]]''
|Laurie
|Episode: &quot;Telling Jokes/Set Up&quot;
|-
|2013
|''[[Call Me Crazy: A Five Film]]''
|Robin
|TV movie, segment: &quot;Grace&quot;
|-
|2014–2016
|''[[BoJack Horseman]]''
|Diane's Mother (voice)
|2 episodes
|-
|2015
|''LFE''
|Julie
|TV movie
|-
|2015–2016
|''[[Wayward Pines]]''
|Nurse Pam Pilcher
|11 episodes
|-
|2016
|''[[Broad City]]''
|Lori
|Episode: &quot;Co-Op&quot;
|-
|2016
|''[[All the Way (film)|All the Way]]''
|[[Lady Bird Johnson]]
|TV movie
|-
|2017–2018
|''[[I'm Dying Up Here]]''
|Golda 'Goldie' Herschlag
|20 episodes
|-
|2019
|''[[Dolly Parton's Heartstrings (TV series)|Heartstrings]]''
|Amelia Meegers
|Episode: &quot;Two Doors Down&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://tvline.com/2019/02/11/dolly-partons-heartstrings-bellamy-young-sarah-shahi-netflix-cast/|title=Sarah Shahi, ''Scandal''{{'}}s Bellamy Young, ''thirtysomething'' Alums and More Join Netflix's Dolly Parton Anthology|website=TVLine|first=Rebecca|last=Iannucci|date=February 11, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2020
|''[[I Know This Much Is True (miniseries)|I Know This Much Is True]]''
|Ma
|5 episodes
|}
{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist}}

{{Academy Award Best Supporting Actress}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ẹlẹ́bùn Akádẹ́mì Obìnrin Òṣeré Dídárajùlọ 2k]]</text>
      <sha1>cq0xjopumtt61gj3g360gu2tzq3w4ma</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mercedes McCambridge</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>37853</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637828</id>
      <parentid>594201</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:54:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637828</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7349" sha1="8vkoboo92felxm5in9t66jzfzd1ovjq" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|American actress (1916–2004)}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Mercedes McCambridge
| image              = [[File:Studio publicity Mercedes McCambridge.JPG|thumb|Mercedes McCambridge]]
| image_size         = 
| caption            = 
| birth_name         = Carlotta Mercedes Agnes McCambridge
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|1916|03|16}}
| birth_place        = Joliet, Illinois|Joliet, Illinois, U.S.
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|mf=yes|2004|03|02|1916|03|16}} 
| death_place        = La Jolla, California|La Jolla, California, U.S.
| occupation         = Actress
| years_active       = 1930s–2004
| spouse             = {{ubl | {{marriage|William Fifield|1939|1946|end=div}} | {{marriage|Fletcher Markle|1950|1962|end=div}} }}
| children           = 1
| alma_mater         = Mundelein College
}}

'''Mercedes McCambridge''' ni à bini ọjọ kẹfadinlógun óṣu March, ọdun 1916 ti ó si ku ni ọdun 2004 jẹ óṣèrè lóbinrin ti Radio, Stage, Film ati Television ilẹ America to gba [[Academy Award|Ebun Akademi]] bi Obinrin osere keji to dara ju lo. &lt;ref name=&quot;Bergan 2004&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Bergan | first=Ronald | title=Obituary: Mercedes McCambridge | website=the Guardian | date=2004-03-19 | url=http://www.theguardian.com/news/2004/mar/19/guardianobituaries.film | access-date=2018-05-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;TVGuide.com 2018&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Mercedes McCambridge | website=TVGuide.com | date=2018-05-15 | url=http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/mercedes-mccambridge/credits/165814 | access-date=2018-05-20 | archive-date=2012-03-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304233636/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/mercedes-mccambridge/credits/165814 | dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Igbèsi Àyè Àràbírin naa==
McCambridge ni a bini Jolliet, [[Illinois]] fun Marie ati John Patrick (Agbẹ). Awọn óbi óṣèrè lóbinrin naa jẹ ijọ catholic ati Iran Irish-American.
Óṣèrè lobinrin naa bẹrẹ irin ajo iṣẹ rẹ gẹgẹ̀bi óṣèrè ti radio ati ṣiṣè èrè ni Broadway ni ọdun 1930s&lt;ref&gt;https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/people/2004-03-17-mercedes-mccambridge_x.htm&lt;/ref&gt;.

McCambridge fẹ ọkọ rẹ akọkọ William Fifield ni ọdun 1939 ti wọn si bi ọmọ ọkunrin John Lawrence Fifield ni óṣu December, ọdun 1941. Tọkọ taya naa pinya ni ọdun 1946 leyin igbeyawó ọdun mèjè.
Ni ọdun 1950, Óṣèrè lobinrin naa fẹ óṣèrè/producer/oludari Fletcher Markle. Tọkọ taya naa pinya ni ọdun 1962 lẹyin Igbeyawó ọdun mèjila. McCambridge ku ni óṣu March ni ọdun 2004 ni La Jolla, [[San Diego]], California&lt;ref&gt;https://www.aymag.com/murder-mystery-the-mask-of-mercy/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/18/arts/mercedes-mccambridge-87-actress-known-for-strong-roles.html&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Ẹkọ==
Mercedes jade lati collegi ti Mundelein ni ilù Chicago&lt;ref&gt;https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6r21bv2&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://libapps.luc.edu/digitalexhibits/s/voices-from-mundelein/item/275#:~:text=Mercedes%20McCambridge%20was%20born%20in,with%20NBC%20in%20the%201930s. http://libapps.luc.edu/digitalexhibits/s/voices-from-mundelein/item/275#:~:text=Mercedes%20McCambridge%20was%20born%20in,with%20NBC%20in%20the%201930s.]&lt;/ref&gt;.
==Ipà Óṣèrè lóbinrin ninu èrè àgbèlèwò==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Ọdun
! Akọle
! Ipa Óṣèrè lóbinrin ninu èré àgbèlèwò
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Notes
|-
| 1949
| ''All the King's Men (1949 film)|All the King's Men''
| Sadie Burke
| Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress&lt;br /&gt;Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture|Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress
|-
| 1951
| ''Inside Straight (film)|Inside Straight''
| Ada Stritch
|
|-
| 1951
| ''The Scarf (film)|The Scarf''
| Connie Carter
|
|-
| 1951
| ''Lightning Strikes Twice (1951 film)|Lightning Strikes Twice''
| Liza McStringer
|
|-
| 1951
| ''Screen Snapshots: Hollywood Awards''
| Herself
| short subject
|-
| 1954
| ''Johnny Guitar''
| Emma Small
|
|-
| 1956
| ''Giant (1956 film)|Giant''
| Luz Benedict
| Nominated – Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
|-
| 1957
| ''A Farewell to Arms (1957 film)|A Farewell to Arms''
| Miss Van Campen
|
|-
| 1957
| ''Wagon Train''
| Emily Rossiter
| Episode: &quot;The Emily Rossiter Story&quot;
|-
| 1958
| ''Touch of Evil''
| Gang leader
| Uncredited
|-
| 1959
| ''Suddenly, Last Summer (film)|Suddenly, Last Summer''
| Mrs. Grace Holly
|
|-
| 1960
| ''Rawhide (TV series)|Rawhide''
| Mrs Martha Mushgrove
| Episode: &quot;Incident of the Captive&quot;
|-
| 1960
| ''Rawhide (TV series)|Rawhide''
| Mrs Miller
| Episode: &quot;Incident of the Curious Street&quot;
|-
| 1959
| ''Riverboat (TV series)|Riverboat''
| Jessie Quinn
| Episode: &quot;Jessie Quinn&quot;
|-
| 1960
| ''Cimarron (1960 film)|Cimarron''
| Mrs. Sarah Wyatt
|
|-
| 1961
| ''Angel Baby (1961 film)|Angel Baby''
| Sarah Strand
|
|-
| 1962
| ''Rawhide (TV series)|Rawhide''
| Ada Randolph
| Episode: &quot;The Greedy Town&quot;
|-
| 1962
| ''Bonanza''
| Deborah Banning
| Episode: &quot;The Lady from Baltimore&quot;
|-
| 1963
| ''The Dakotas (TV series)|The Dakotas''
| Jay French
| Episode: &quot;Trouble at French Creek&quot;
|-
| 1965
| ''Run Home Slow''
| Nell Hagen
|
|-
| 1965
| ''Rawhide (TV series)|Rawhide''
| Ma Gufler
| Episode:  &quot;Hostage for Hanging&quot;
|-
| 1966
| ''Lost in Space''
| Sybilla
| Episode: &quot;The Space Croppers&quot;
|-
| 1968
| ''The Counterfeit Killer''
| Frances
|
|-
| 1968
| ''Bewitched''
| Carlotta
| Episode: &quot;Darrin Gone! and Forgotten?&quot;
|-
| 1969
| ''99 Women''
| Thelma Diaz
|
|-
| 1969
| ''Marquis de Sade: Justine|Justine''
| Madame Dusbois
|
|-
|1970
| ''Bonanza''
| Matilda Curtis
| Episode: &quot;The Law and Billy Burgess&quot;
|-
| 1971
| ''Gunsmoke''
| Rubilee Mather   
| Episode: &quot;The Lost&quot;
|-
| 1971
| ''The Last Generation''
|
| (archive footage)
|-
| 1973
| ''The President's Plane Is Missing (film)|The President's Plane Is Missing''   
| Hester Madigan
| TV movie
|-
| 1973
| ''Sixteen''
| Ma Irtley
|
|-
| 1973
| ''The Exorcist (film)|The Exorcist''   
| Pazuzu
| Voice
|-
| 1975
| ''Who Is the Black Dahlia?''  
| Grandmother
| TV movie
|-
| 1977
| ''Thieves (1977 film)|Thieves''
| Street Lady
|
|-
| 1978
| ''Charlie's Angels''
| Norma
| Episode: &quot;Angels in Springtime&quot;
|-
| 1978
| ''Flying High (TV series)|Flying High''
| Claire
| Episode: &quot;In the Still of the Night&quot;
|-
| 1979
| ''The Concorde ... Airport '79''
| Nelli
|
|-
| 1979
| ''The Sacketts''
| Ma Sackett
| TV movie
|-
| 1981
| ''Magnum, P.I.''
| Agatha Kimball
| Episode: &quot;Don't Say Goodbye&quot;
|-
| 1983
| ''Echoes''
| Lillian Gerben
|
|-
| 1986
| ''Amazing Stories (1985 TV series)|Amazing Stories''
| Miss Lestrange
| Voice, Episode: &quot;Family Dog&quot;
|-
| 1988
| ''Cagney &amp; Lacey''
| Sister Elizabeth
| Episode: &quot;Land of the Free&quot;
|-
| 2018
| ''The Other Side of the Wind''
| Maggie
| Previously unreleased (final film role)
|}

==Ami Ẹyẹ ati Idànilọla==
Latari ipa óṣèrè lóbinrin naa ni television ati aworan Motion ti Industry ni a fun ni irawọ mèji lori Hollywood Walk of Fame&lt;ref&gt;https://walkoffame.com/mercedes-mccambridge/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/mercedes-mccambridge/index.html&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Awon Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}
{{Academy Award Best Supporting Actress}}


[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ẹlẹ́bùn Akádẹ́mì Obìnrin Òṣeré Dídárajùlọ 2k]]</text>
      <sha1>8vkoboo92felxm5in9t66jzfzd1ovjq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mary Steenburgen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>37871</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637824</id>
      <parentid>613623</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:48:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637824</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23089" sha1="gfw0hdxvs4jvppdv1eul0f9pdm97ml7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| image        = Mary Steenburgen in 2009.jpg
| caption      = 
| birth_name   = Mary Nell Steenburgen
| birth_date   = {{birth date and age|1953|2|8}}&lt;ref name=&quot;The Movie Database 1953&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Mary Steenburgen | website=The Movie Database | date=February 8, 1953 | url=https://www.themoviedb.org/person/2453-mary-steenburgen | access-date=September 4, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_place  = Newport, Arkansas, U.S.
| education   = Hendrix College
| occupation   = {{hlist|òṣérébinrin|Alawaada|ólórin}}
| years_active = 1978–present
| awards       = Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture|Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture]]
| spouse       = {{ubl|{{marriage|Malcolm McDowell|1980|1990|reason=divorced}}|{{marriage|Ted Danson|1995}}}}
| children     = 
}}

'''Mary Nell Steenburgen'''&lt;ref name=&quot;encyclopedia&quot; /&gt; ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|iː|n|ˌ|b|ɜːr|dʒ|ə|n}}; tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹjọ Oṣù kejì, ọdún 1953) jẹ́ òṣèré, apanilẹ́rìn-ín, olórin, àti òǹkọ̀rin ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà. Lẹ́yìn tí ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní [[Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre|Neighborhood Playhouse]] ní New York ní àwọn ọdún 1970, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ òṣèré rẹ̀ ní ìwọ̀n akọ́ṣẹ́mọṣẹ́ nínú eré sinimá apanilẹ́rìn-ín Western tí àkọlé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''[[Goin' South]]'' (1978). Steenburgen tẹ̀síwájú láti gba ìyìn olùríwí fún ipa tí ó kó nínú ''[[Time After Time (1979 film)|Time After Time]]'' (1979) àti eré sinimá apanilẹ́rìn-ín [[Jonathan Demme]] tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''[[Melvin and Howard]]'' (1980), èyí tí ó mú kí ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ [[Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture|Golden Globe Award fún Òṣèré Obìnrin Èkejì Tí Ó Dára Jùlọ – Eré Sinimá]] àti [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Academy fún Òṣèré Obìnrin Èkejì Tí Ó Dára Jùlọ]].

Steenburgen gba yíyàn fún [[Golden Globe Award|Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Golden Globe]] fún eré sinimá [[Miloš Forman]] tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''[[Ragtime (film)|Ragtime]]'' (1981). Àwọn eré sinimá rẹ̀ mìíràn pẹ̀lú ''[[A Midsummer Night's Sex Comedy]]'' (1982), ''[[Cross Creek (film)|Cross Creek]]'' (1983), ''[[Back to the Future Part III]]'' (1990), ''[[What's Eating Gilbert Grape]]'' (1993), ''[[Philadelphia (film)|Philadelphia]]'' (1993), ''[[Nixon (film)|Nixon]]'' (1995), ''[[The Brave One (2007 film)|The Brave One]]'' (2007), ''[[Last Vegas]]'' (2013), ''[[A Walk in the Woods (film)|A Walk in the Woods]]'' (2015), ''[[Book Club (film)|Book Club]]'' (2018), ''[[Nightmare Alley (2021 film)|Nightmare Alley]]'' (2021), àti ''[[Book Club: The Next Chapter]]'' (2023). Ó tún di gbajúmọ̀ fún ṣíṣe ipa ìyá nínú ọ̀wọ̀ọ̀wọ́ àwọn eré sinimá apanilẹ́rìn-ín bí i ''[[Parenthood (film)|Parenthood]]'' (1989), ''[[Elf (film)|Elf]]'' (2003), ''[[Step Brothers (film)|Step Brothers]]'' (2008), ''[[Four Christmases]]'' (2008), ''[[The Proposal (2009 film)|The Proposal]]'' (2009), ''[[Did You Hear About the Morgans?]]'' (2009), ''[[The Help (film)|The Help]]'' (2011), àti ''[[Happiest Season]]'' (2020).

Wọn yàn án fún [[British Academy Television Award|Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ BAFTA TV]] fún eré orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n alápá-kúkúrú ''[[Tender Is the Night#Adaptations|Tender Is the Night]]'' (1985) àti [[Primetime Emmy Award|Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Primetime Emmy]] fún eré sinimá orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n ''[[The Attic: The Hiding of Anne Frank]]'' (1988). Steenburgen ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i olórin-òǹkọ̀rin fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ eré sinimá, nínú èyí tí ó ti kópa nínú àwọn míràn. Fún orin rẹ̀ &quot;Glasgow (No Place Like Home)&quot;, tí ó kọ fún eré sinimá oní-orin ''[[Wild Rose (2018 film)|Wild Rose]]'' (2018), ó gba [[Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Song|Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Critics' Choice Movie fún Orin Tí Ó Dára Jùlọ]]. Wọ́n bu ọlá fún Steenburgen pẹ̀lú [[Bob Hope Humanitarian Award|Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Bob Hope Humanitarian]] ní 77th Primetime Emmy Awards|ọdún 2025.

==Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ Ayé Rè==
A bí Steenburgen ní ọjọ́ kẹjọ Oṣù kejì, ọdún 1953, ní Newport, Arkansas, fún Nellie Mae (née Wall),&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/JBF4-S5Q |title=Steenburgen |publisher=[[Familysearch.org]] |url-access=subscription |access-date=August 16, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; akọ̀wé ìgbìmọ̀ ilé-ìwé, àti Maurice Hoffman Steenburgen, olùdarí ọkọ̀-ojú-irin ẹrù tí ó ṣiṣẹ́ fún Missouri Pacific Railroad.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/96/Mary-Steenburgen.html |title=Mary Steenburgen Biography (1953-) |publisher=Film Reference |access-date=September 7, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1248998.html |title=Stony Reception in Little Rock; Film by Mary Steenburgen Draws Cries of Foul in Arkansas |first=Barbara |last=McIntosh |date=April 3, 1988 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |via=Highbeam.com |access-date=September 7, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020151508/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1248998.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 20, 2012 |archivedate=October 20, 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020151508/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1248998.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;encyclopedia&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=29 |title=Mary Nell Steenburgen (1953–) |first=Jan |last=Emberton |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Arkansas |access-date=September 7, 2010|archive-date=December 19, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191219140316/https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/mary-nell-steenburgen-29/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Stated on ''[[Finding Your Roots]]'', October 17, 2017&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ní arábìnrin kan, Nancy Kelly (née Steenburgen), tí í ṣe olùkọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;tvguide&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/mary-steenburgen/bio/165140|title=Mary Steenburgen: Biography|magazine=[[TV Guide]]|access-date=August 16, 2014|archivedate=July 14, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714170940/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/mary-steenburgen/bio/165140|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ní ọdún 1971, ó wọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Kọ́lẹ́jì [[Hendrix college|Hendrix]] láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ eré-oníṣe. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó rìnrìn-àjò lọ sí [[Dallas]] lórí ìmọ̀ràn olùkọ́ eré-oníṣe rẹ̀, níbi tí ó ti yege nínú ìdánwò láti wọlé sí Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre ti Ìlú New York.&lt;ref name=&quot;encyclopedia&quot;/&gt;

==Iṣẹ́==
Steenburgen kó lọ sí [[Manhattan]] ní ọdún 1972 lẹ́yìn tí Neighborhood Playhouse fún un ní àǹfààní láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ eré-oníṣe. Ó ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i olùtọ́jú èrò ní [[The Magic Pan]] àti fún [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] nígbà tí ó ń kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ lábẹ́ [[William Esper Studio|William Esper]].&lt;ref name=&quot;tvguide&quot;/&gt;

===Iṣẹ́ eré sinimá===
Àǹfààní ńlá Steenburgen wá nígbà tí [[Jack Nicholson]] ṣàwárí rẹ̀ ní yàrá ìgbàlejò ti ọ́fíìsì [[Paramount Pictures]] ní New York, tí wọ́n sì fún un ní ipa olú-ẹ̀dá-ìtàn obìnrin nínú iṣẹ́ olùdarí rẹ̀ kejì, eré sinimá apanilẹ́rìn-ín Western ''[[Goin' South]]'' (1978).&lt;ref name=&quot;tvguide&quot; /&gt; Steenburgen kó ipa iwájú nínú eré sinimá ''[[Time After Time (1979 film)|Time After Time]]'' (1979), fún èyí tí ó gba [[Saturn Award for Best Actress|Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Saturn fún Òṣèré Obìnrin Tí Ó Dára Jùlọ]]. Ó ṣe ipa obìnrin ìgbàlódé kan tí ó fẹ́ràn òǹkọ̀wé [[H. G. Wells]], ẹni tí [[Malcolm McDowell]] ṣe, ẹni tí ó wá fẹ́ ní ọdún tí ó tẹ̀lé e.

==Àtòjọ àwọn eré==
===Eré sinimá===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Ọdún
! Àkọlé
! Ipa
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Àlàyé
|-
|1978
|''[[Goin' South]]''
| Julia Tate Moon
|
|-
|1979
|''[[Time After Time (1979 film)|Time After Time]]''
| Amy Robbins
|
|-
|1980
|''[[Melvin and Howard]]''
| [[Melvin Dummar|Lynda West Dummar]]
| 
|-
|1981
|''[[Ragtime (film)|Ragtime]]''
| Ìyá
|
|-
|1982
| data-sort-value=&quot;Midsummer Night's Sex Comedy, A&quot; |''[[A Midsummer Night's Sex Comedy]]''
| Adrian
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 1983
|''[[Cross Creek (film)|Cross Creek]]''
| [[Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings]]
|
|-
|''[[Romantic Comedy (1983 film)|Romantic Comedy]]''
| Phoebe Craddock
|
|-
|1985
|''[[One Magic Christmas]]''
| Ginny Grainger
|
|-
|rowspan=3| 1987
|''[[Dead of Winter (1987 film)|Dead of Winter]]''
| Julie Rose / Katie McGovern / Evelyn
|
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Whales of August, The&quot; |''[[The Whales of August]]''
| Sarah (Nígbà èwe)
|
|-
|''[[End of the Line (1987 film)|End of the Line]]''
| Rose Pickett
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 1989
|''[[Miss Firecracker]]''
| Elaine Rutledge
|
|-
|''[[Parenthood (film)|Parenthood]]''
| Karen Buckman
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 1990
|''[[Back to the Future Part III]]''
| [[Clara Clayton]]
|
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Long Walk Home, The&quot; |''[[The Long Walk Home]]''
| Olùsọ̀tàn (ohùn)
|
|-
|1991
| data-sort-value=&quot;Butcher's Wife, The&quot; |''[[The Butcher's Wife]]''
| Stella Keefover
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 1993
|''[[What's Eating Gilbert Grape]]''
| Betty Carver
|
|-
|''[[Philadelphia (film)|Philadelphia]]''
| Belinda Conine
|
|-
|rowspan=3| 1994
|''[[Clifford (film)|Clifford]]''
| Sarah Davis Daniels
|
|-
|''[[Pontiac Moon]]''
| Katherine Bellamy
|
|-
|''[[It Runs in the Family (1994 film)|It Runs in the Family]]''
| Mrs. Parker (ìyá)
|
|-
|rowspan=4| 1995
|''[[My Family (1995 film)|My Family]]''
| Gloria
|
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Grass Harp, The&quot; |''[[The Grass Harp (film)|The Grass Harp]]''
| Sister Ida
|
|-
|''[[Powder (1995 film)|Powder]]''
| Jessie Caldwell
|
|-
|''[[Nixon (film)|Nixon]]''
| [[Hannah Milhous Nixon]]
|
|-
|rowspan=4| 2001
|''[[Nobody's Baby (2001 film)|Nobody's Baby]]''
| Estelle
|
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Trumpet of the Swan, The&quot; |''[[The Trumpet of the Swan (film)|The Trumpet of the Swan]]''
| Ìyá (ohùn)
|
|-
|''[[Life as a House]]''
| Colleen Beck
|
|-
|''[[I Am Sam]]''
| Dr. Blake
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 2002
|''[[Sunshine State (film)|Sunshine State]]''
| Francine Pinkney
|
|-
|''Wish You Were Dead''
| Sally Rider
|
|-
|rowspan=3| 2003
|''[[Hope Springs (2003 film)|Hope Springs]]''
| Joanie Fisher
|
|-
|''[[Casa de los Babys]]''
| Gayle
|
|-
|''[[Elf (film)|Elf]]''
| Emily Hobbs
|
|-
|2005
|''[[Marilyn Hotchkiss' Ballroom Dancing &amp; Charm School]]''
| Marienne Hotchkiss
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 2006
| data-sort-value=&quot;Dead Girl, The&quot; |''[[The Dead Girl]]''
| Ìyá Leah
|
|-
|''[[Inland Empire (film)|Inland Empire]]''
| Àlejò #2
|
|-
|rowspan=5| 2007
|''[[Elvis and Anabelle]]''
| Geneva
|
|-
|''[[Nobel Son]]''
| Sarah Michaelson
|
|-
|''[[Numb (2007 film)|Numb]]''
| Dr. Blaine
|
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Brave One, The&quot; |''[[The Brave One (2007 film)|The Brave One]]''
| Carol
|
|-
|''[[Honeydripper (film)|Honeydripper]]''
| Amanda Winship
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 2008
|''[[Step Brothers (film)|Step Brothers]]''
| Nancy Huff
|
|-
|''[[Four Christmases]]''
| Marilyn
|
|-
|rowspan=5| 2009
|''[[American Outrage]]''
| Olùsọ̀tàn
| Eré ìtàn òtítọ́
|-
|''[[In the Electric Mist]]''
| Bootsie Robicheaux
|
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Proposal, The&quot; |''[[The Proposal (2009 film)|The Proposal]]''
| Grace Paxton
|
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Open Road, The&quot; |''[[The Open Road]]''
| Katherine
|
|-
|''[[Did You Hear About the Morgans?]]''
| Emma Wheeler
|
|-
|2010
|''[[Dirty Girl (2010 film)|Dirty Girl]]''
| Peggy
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 2011
|''Keepin' It Real Estate''
| Claire
| Eré sinimá kúkúrú
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Help, The&quot; |''[[The Help (film)|The Help]]''
| Elaine Stein
|
|-
|2012
|''Mrs. Pilgrim Goes to Hollywood''
| Mary
|
|-
|rowspan=3| 2013
|''[[Last Vegas]]''
| Diana Boyle
|
|-
|''[[Brahmin Bulls]]''
| Helen West
|
|-
| data-sort-value=&quot;Tale of the Princess Kaguya, The&quot; |''[[The Tale of the Princess Kaguya (film)|The Tale of the Princess Kaguya]]''
| Ìyáwó Bamboo Cutter (ohùn)
|
|-
|2014
|''[[Song One]]''
| Karen
|
|-
|2015
| data-sort-value=&quot;Walk in the Woods, A&quot; |''[[A Walk in the Woods (film)|A Walk in the Woods]]''
| Jeannie
|
|-
|rowspan=3| 2016
| data-sort-value=&quot;Book of Love, The&quot; |''[[The Book of Love (film)|The Book of Love]]''
| Julia
|
|-
|''[[Dean (film)|Dean]]''
| Carol
|
|-
|''[[Katie Says Goodbye]]''
| Maybelle
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 2017
| data-sort-value=&quot;Discovery, The&quot; |''[[The Discovery (film)|The Discovery]]''
| Olùfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò
|
|-
|''[[I Do... Until I Don't]]''
| Cybil Burger
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 2018
|''[[Book Club (film)|Book Club]]''
| Carol
|
|-
|''[[Antiquities (film)|Antiquities]]''
| Dr. Margot
|
|-
|2019
|''[[Flannery (film)|Flannery]]''
| Olùsọ̀tàn
|
|-
|2020
|''[[Happiest Season]]''
| Tipper Caldwell
|
|-
|2021
|''[[Nightmare Alley (2021 film)|Nightmare Alley]]''
| Mrs. Kimball
|
|-
|2023
|''[[Book Club: The Next Chapter]]''
| Carol
|
|-
|2025
|''[[Easy's Waltz]]''
| {{TBA}}
| Ti parí
|-
|rowspan=3|TBA
| ''[[The Dink]]''
| {{TBA}}
| Ipele ìparí iṣẹ́
|-
| ''[[Let's Have Kids!]]''
| {{TBA}}
| Ipele ìparí iṣẹ́
|-
| ''[[Last Train to Fortune]]''
| {{TBA}}
| Ipele ìparí iṣẹ́
|}

===Tẹlifíṣọ̀n===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Ọdún
! Àkọlé
! Ipa
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Àlàyé
|-
|1983
|''[[Faerie Tale Theatre]]''
| Mary / Little Red Riding Hood
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀: &quot;[[Little Red Riding Hood]]&quot;
|-
|1985
|''Tender Is the Night''
| Nicole Warren Diver
| Eré oní-ọ̀wọ̀ kékeré
|-
|1988
| data-sort-value=&quot;Attic: The Hiding of Anne Frank, The&quot; |''[[The Attic: The Hiding of Anne Frank]]''
| [[Miep Gies]]
| Eré sinimá orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n
|-
|1991–1992
|''[[Back to the Future (TV series)|Back to the Future]]''
| [[Clara Clayton]] (ohùn)
| Ipa olú-ẹ̀dá
|-
|1994
| data-sort-value=&quot;Gift, The&quot; |''[[The Gift (1994 film)|The Gift]]''
| Catherine
| Eré sinimá kúkúrú orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n
|-
|1995
|''[[Frasier]]''
| Marjorie (ohùn)
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀: &quot;Retirement Is Murder&quot;
|-
|1996
|''[[Gulliver's Travels (miniseries)|Gulliver's Travels]]''
| Mary Gulliver
| Eré oní-ọ̀wọ̀ kékeré
|-
|1996–1997
|''[[Ink (TV series)|Ink]]''
| Kate Montgomery
| Ipa olú-ẹ̀dá
|-
|1998
|''About Sarah''
| Sarah Elizabeth McCaffrey
| Eré sinimá orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n
|-
|1999
|''[[Noah's Ark (1999 film)|Noah's Ark]]''
| Naamah
| Eré oní-ọ̀wọ̀ kékeré
|-
|2000
|''Picnic''
| Rosemary Sydney
| Eré sinimá orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n
|-
|2000–2017
|''[[Curb Your Enthusiasm]]''
| Mary Steenburgen
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 6
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2002
|''[[Living with the Dead (film)|Living with the Dead]]''
| Detective Karen Condrin
| Eré sinimá orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n
|-
|''[[Law &amp; Order: Special Victims Unit]]''
| Grace Rinato
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀: &quot;Denial&quot;
|-
|2003–2005
|''[[Joan of Arcadia]]''
| Helen Girardi
| Ipa olú-ẹ̀dá
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2004
|''[[Becker (TV series)|Becker]]''
| Alaisan
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀: &quot;DNR&quot;
|-
|''[[It Must Be Love (2004 film)|It Must Be Love]]''
| Clem Gazelle
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; | Eré sinimá orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n
|-
|''Capital City''
| Elaine Summer
|-
|2007
|''Reinventing the Wheelers''
| Claire Wheeler
|-
|2009
|''Happiness Isn't Everything''
| Audrey Veil
|-
|2010
|''Southern Discomfort''
| Mary Lou Dobson
|-
|2011–2013
|''[[Wilfred (American TV series)|Wilfred]]''
| Catherine Newman
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 4
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2011
|''[[Robot Chicken]]''
| Athena (ohùn)
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀: &quot;The Core, the Thief, His Wife and Her Lover&quot;
|-
|''[[Bored to Death]]''
| Josephine
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 4
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2012
| data-sort-value=&quot;Thirty Rock&quot; |''[[30 Rock]]''
| Diana Jessup
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 5
|-
|''[[Outlaw Country (2012 film)|Outlaw Country]]''
| Anastasia Lee
| Eré sinimá orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n
|-
|2014–2015
|''[[Justified (TV series)|Justified]]''
| Katherine Hale
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 13
|-
|2015
|''[[Togetherness (TV series)|Togetherness]]''
| Linda
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 2
|-
|2015–2017
|''[[Orange Is the New Black]]''
| Delia Powell
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 6
|-
|2015–2018
| data-sort-value=&quot;Last Man on Earth, The&quot; |''[[The Last Man on Earth (TV series)|The Last Man on Earth]]''
| Gail Klosterman
| Ipa olú-ẹ̀dá
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2015
| data-sort-value=&quot;Seven Days in Hell&quot; |''[[7 Days in Hell]]''
| Louisa Poole
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Eré sinimá orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n
|-
|''[[Turkey Hollow]]''
| Aunt Cly
|-
|2016
|''[[Blunt Talk]]''
| Margaret Rudolph
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 4
|-
|2017
|''[[Finding Your Roots]]''
| Ara rẹ̀
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀: &quot;Puritans and Pioneers&quot;
|-
|2018
| data-sort-value=&quot;Conners, The&quot; |''[[The Conners]]''
| Marcy Bellinger
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀: &quot;[[Keep on Truckin' (The Conners)|Keep on Truckin']]&quot;
|-
|2019–2021
|''[[Bless the Harts]]''
| Crystalynn Poole (ohùn)
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 7
|-
|2019
|''[[On Becoming a God in Central Florida]]''
| Ellen Joy Bonar
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 5
|-
|2020–2021
|''[[Zoey's Extraordinary Playlist]]''
| Maggie Clarke
| Ipa olú-ẹ̀dá
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2020
|''[[Grace and Frankie]]''
| Miriam
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ 2
|-
|''[[The Good Place]]''
| Olùkọ́ Orin
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀: &quot;[[Whenever You're Ready (The Good Place)|Whenever You're Ready]]&quot;
|-
|2021
|''[[Zoey's Extraordinary Playlist#Film (2021)|Zoey's Extraordinary Christmas]]''
| Maggie Clarke
| Eré sinimá orí tẹlifíṣọ̀n
|-
|2022
|''[[Mr. Mayor]]''
| Adriana
| Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀: &quot;Murder in the Old West&quot;
|-
|2025
|''[[A Man on the Inside]]''
| Mona Margadoff
| Ipa olú-ẹ̀dá (sáà 2)
|}

==Awọn Ẹbùn ati Amì Ẹyẹ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Ọdún
! Orúkọ́ Ẹbùn/Amì Ẹyẹ
! Ẹ̀ka
! Isẹ́ Àsààyàn
! Èèsì
|-
| 1978
| Golden Globe Awards
| [[w:Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actress|New Star of the Year – Actress]]
| ''Goin' South''
|{{nom}}
|-
| 1979
| Saturn Awards
| [[w:Saturn Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| ''Time After Time''
|{{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; | 1980
| Academy Awards
| [[w:Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
| ''Melvin and Howard''
|{{won}}
|-
| Boston Society of Film Critics
| [[w:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
|''Melvin and Howard''
|{{won}}
|-
| Golden Globe Awards
| [[w:Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture|Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture]]
|''Melvin and Howard''
|{{won}}
|-
| Los Angeles Film Critics Association
| [[w:Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
|''Melvin and Howard''
|{{won}}
|-
| National Society of Film Critics Awards
| [[w:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
|''Melvin and Howard''
|{{won}}
|-
| New York Film Critics Circle
| [[w:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
|''Melvin and Howard''
|{{won}}
|-
| 1981
| Golden Globe Awards
| [[w:Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture|Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture]]
| ''Ragtime''
|{{nom}}
|-
| 1985
| Genie Awards
| [[w:Genie Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role|Actress in a Leading Role]]
| ''One Magic Christmas''
|{{nom}}
|-
| 1985
| British Academy Television Awards
| [[w:British Academy Television Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| ''Tender Is the Night''
|{{nom}}
|-
| 1988
| Primetime Emmy Awards
| [[w:Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie|Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie]]
| ''The Attic: The Hiding of Anne Frank''
|{{nom}}
|-
| 1989
| Chicago Film Critics Association
| [[w:Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
| ''Miss Firecracker''
|{{nom}}
|-
| 1990
| Saturn Awards
| [[w:Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
| ''Back to the Future Part III''
|{{nom}}
|-
| 1995
| Screen Actors Guild
| [[w:Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture|Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture]]
| ''Nixon''
|{{nom}}
|-
| 1998
| Screen Actors Guild
| [[w:Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie|Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie]]
| ''About Sarah''
|{{nom}}
|-
| 2004
| Satellite Awards
| [[w:Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actress – Television Series|Best Supporting Actress – Television Series]]
| ''Joan of Arcadia''
|{{won}}
|-
| 2011
| Screen Actors Guild
| [[w:Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture|Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture]]
| ''The Help''
|{{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot;| 2019
| Critics' Choice Movie Awards
| Best Song
| ''Wild Rose''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;for &quot;Glasgow (No Place Like Home)&quot;&lt;/small&gt;
|{{won}}sísopọ̀ pélu Elton John áti Bernie Taupin fún &quot;(I'm Gonna) Love Me Again&quot; láti [[w:Rocketman (film)|Rocketman]]
|-
| Hollywood Critics Association
| Best Original Song
|''Wild Rose''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;for &quot;Glasgow (No Place Like Home)&quot;&lt;/small&gt;
|{{won}}
|-
| Houston Film Critics Society
| Best Original Song
|''Wild Rose''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;for &quot;Glasgow (No Place Like Home)&quot;&lt;/small&gt;
|{{won}}
|}

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Academy Award Best Supporting Actress}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ẹlẹ́bùn Akádẹ́mì Obìnrin Òṣeré Dídárajùlọ 2k]]

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ayé rẹ̀ ==


A bí Steenburgen ní ọjọ́ kẹjọ Oṣù kejì, ọdún 1953, ní Newport, Arkansas, fún Nellie Mae (née Wall),  akọ̀wé ìgbìmọ̀ ilé-ìwé, àti Maurice Hoffman Steenburgen, olùdarí ọkọ̀-ojú-irin ẹrù tí ó ṣiṣẹ́ fún Missouri Pacific Railroad .  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1248998.html|title=Stony Reception in Little Rock; Film by Mary Steenburgen Draws Cries of Foul in Arkansas|access-date=September 7, 2010|archivedate=October 20, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020151508/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1248998.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;encyclopedia&quot;/&gt;  Ó ní arábìnrin kan, Nancy Kelly (née Steenburgen), tí í ṣe olùkọ́..  Ní ọdún 1971, ó wọ ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Kọ́lẹ́jì Hendrix láti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ eré-oníṣe.&lt;ref name=&quot;encyclopedia&quot; /&gt; Lẹ́yìn náà, ó rìnrìn-àjò lọ sí [[Dallas]] lórí ìmọ̀ràn olùkọ́ eré-oníṣe rẹ̀, níbi tí ó ti yege nínú ìdánwò láti wọlé sí Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre ti Ìlú New York.&lt;ref name=&quot;encyclopedia&quot; /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>gfw0hdxvs4jvppdv1eul0f9pdm97ml7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>50 Cent</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54188</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637696</id>
      <parentid>584638</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T00:24:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637696</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6005" sha1="tdrwza7o3krrivgxg1nw2shjez32lii" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist
|name = 50 Cent
|background = solo_singer
|image = 50 Cent.jpg 
|caption = 50 Cent at the 2009 American Music Awards
|alias =
|birth_name = Curtis James Jackson III
|origin = South Jamaica, Queens, New York, I.A.A.
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1975|07|06|mf=y}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Capital XTRA 2018&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=How old is 50 Cent? | website=Capital XTRA | date=November 1, 2018 | url=https://www.capitalxtra.com/features/lists/facts-about-50-cent/age/ | access-date=November 18, 2022 | archive-date=November 18, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221118075232/https://www.capitalxtra.com/features/lists/facts-about-50-cent/age/ | dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|genre = [[hip hop music|Hip hop]]
|occupation = Rapper
|years_active = 1997–present
|label = [[w:Shady Records|Shady]], [[w:Aftermath Entertainment|Aftermath]], [[w:Interscope Records|Interscope]]
|Former Label = [[Jam Master Jay Records]], [[Columbia Records]]
|associated_acts = &lt;!--PLEASE NOTE: If you are going to add to this list make sure that it is an artist who has formed a SIGNIFICANT  part of 50 Cent's career.--&gt;G-Unit, Dr. Dre, Eminem, Sha Money XL
|website = {{URL|50cent.com}}
}}
'''Curtis James Jackson III''' (ọjọ́ ìbí Oṣù Kéje 6, 1975), tó gbajúmọ̀ pẹ̀lú orúkọ orí ìtàgé rẹ̀ '''50 Cent''', jẹ́ ará Amẹ́ríkà [[w:Rapping|olórin tàkásufé]], [[w:entrepreneur|olùtajà]], [[w:investor|olùdókòòwò]], [[w:record producer|atọ́kùn àwo orin]],  àti [[w:actor|òsèré]]. Ó gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí àwọn àwo rẹ̀ &quot;Get Rich or Die Tryin'&quot; (2003) ati &quot;The Massacre&quot; (2005) jade. &quot;Get Rich or Die Tryin'&quot; ti gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí platinum mẹ́jọ láti ọwọ́ RIAA.&lt;ref name=&quot;foxnews1&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174864,00.html |title=50 Cent Film Offers New Version of Rapper – Celebrity Gossip &amp;#124; Entertainment News &amp;#124; Arts And Entertainment |publisher=Fox News |date=November 7, 2005 |accessdate=May 12, 2010 |archivedate=December 27, 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227103251/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,174864,00.html |deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwo rẹ̀ &quot;The Massacre&quot; gba ìwé-ẹ̀rí platinum máàrún láàtı ọwọ́ RIAA.&lt;ref name=&quot;foxnews1&quot;/&gt;

==Ìgbésí ayé àti ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ rẹ̀==
Wón bí Jackson ní Queens, ìlú New York, tí Sabrina tí se ìyá rẹ tọ dàgbà ni Jamaika.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hattenstone 2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Hattenstone | first=Simon | title=50 Cent on love, cash and bankruptcy: ‘When there are setbacks, there will be get-backs’ | website=the Guardian | date=May 4, 2020 | url=http://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/may/04/50-cent-on-love-cash-and-bankruptcy-when-there-are-setbacks-there-will-be-get-backs | access-date=November 18, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí n ja ijaelese ni ọmọ ọdún mọ́kànlá. Ní ọmọ ọdún méjìlá, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ si nta ògùn olóró nígbà tí awọn òbí òbí rẹ ro wípé o wa ní ilé ẹ̀kọ́.

==Àkójọ awọn ẹ̀bùn àmì ẹyẹ atí àyẹ́sí==
===American Music Awards===
50 Cent gbà ẹbùn àmì ẹyẹ méta nínu mefa ti wọn ti pe ni American Music Awards ọlọ́dọdún.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2003/amas2.htm 31st American Music Awards] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122023827/http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2003/amas2.htm |date=November 22, 2016 }}. Rock on the Net. Accessed on June 16, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2005/amas.htm 33rd American Music Awards] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122024404/http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/2005/amas.htm |date=November 22, 2016 }}. Rock on the Net. Accessed on June 16, 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Ọdún
! Àkọ́ọ́lé
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Èsì
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[w:American Music Awards of 2003 (November)|2003]]
|''[[w:Get Rich or Die Tryin' (album)|Get Rich or Die Tryin']]''
|Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Album
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|50 Cent
|Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Male Artist
|{{won}}
|-
|Fan's Choice Award
|{{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[w:American Music Awards of 2005|2005]]
|''The Massacre''
|Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Album
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|50 Cent
|Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist
|{{nom}}
|-
|Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Male Artist
|{{nom}}
|}

===Rhythm &amp; Soul Music Awards===
{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Ọdún
! Àkọ́ọ́lé
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Èsì
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|2004
|50 Cent
|Songwriter of the Year&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;
|{{won}}
|-
|&quot;In da Club&quot;
|Top R&amp;B/Hip-Hop Song
|{{won}}
|-
|&quot;In da Club&quot;
|Top Rap Song
|{{won}}
|-
|2005
|&quot;In da Club&quot;
|Top Ringtone Song of the Year
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|2006
|50 Cent
|Songwriter of the Year&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;
|{{won}}
|-
|&quot;How We Do&quot;
|Top Rap Song
|{{won}}
|-
|&quot;Candy Shop&quot;
|Ringtone of the Year
|{{won}}
|}

===BET Awards===
{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Ọdún
! Àkọ́ọ́lé
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Èsì
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|2003
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|50 Cent
|Best New Artist
|{{won}}
|-
|Best Male Hip-Hop Artist
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|2004
|50 Cent
|Best Male Hip-Hop Artist
|{{nom}}
|-
|G-Unit
|Best Group
|{{won }}
|-
|&quot;Hate It or Love It&quot;
|Best Collaboration
|{{nom}}
|-
|2005
|50 Cent
|Best Male Hip-Hop Artist
|{{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|2006
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|50 Cent
|Best Hip-Hop Artist
|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Male Hip-Hop Artist
|{{nom}}
|}

===BET Hip Hop Awards===
{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! Ọdún
! Àkọ́ọ́lé
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Èsì
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|2007
|50 Cent
|Hustler of the Year
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|&quot;I Get Money&quot;
|Track of the Year
|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Hip Hop Video
|{{nom}}
|-
|2008
|50 Cent
|Hustler of the Year
|{{nom}}
|-
|2009
|Thisis50
|Best Hip Hop Online Site
|{{nom}}
|-
|2010
|Thisis50
|Best Hip Hop Online Site
|{{nom}}
|}

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

{{igbesiaye|1975||50 Cent}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olórin rap ará Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>tdrwza7o3krrivgxg1nw2shjez32lii</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jay-Z</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54190</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637783</id>
      <parentid>609398</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:15:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637783</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3899" sha1="c47mixaz0pwejvnak87q6hmjijziaut" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist
| name        = Jay-Z
| image       = Jay-Z 2, 2011.jpg
| image_size  = 215px
| caption     = Jay-Z, 2011.
| background  = solo_singer
| birth_name  = Shawn Corey Carter
| birth_date  = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1969|12|4}}
| birth_place = [[Brooklyn]], New York, U.S.
| instrument  = Vocals
| origin      = 
| genre       = [[Hip hop music|Hip hop]]
| Musical_style =
| occupation = Rapper
| years_active = 1989–present
|associated_acts = &lt;!--PLEASE NOTE: If you are going to add to this list make sure that it is an artist who has formed a significant part of Jay-Z's career. Thank you. --&gt;[[Memphis Bleek]], [[Foxy Brown (rapper)|Foxy Brown]], [[Big Jaz]], [[The Notorious B.I.G.]], [[Beyoncé]], [[Rihanna]], [[Kanye West]], [[Linkin Park]], [[R. Kelly]], [[Eminem]], [[Big L]]
| label = &lt;!--List ONLY the CURRENT record label:--&gt;[[Roc Nation]]
}}

'''Shawn Corey Carter''' (born December 4, 1969),&lt;ref name=&quot;Jay-Z Celebrates Birthday with Beyoncé in Paris&quot;&gt;Mikelbank, Peter. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20164322,00.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812023541/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20164322,00.html |date=2011-08-12 }} [[People Magazine]] article, December 5, 2007. Retrieved October 31, 2009.&lt;/ref&gt; better known by his stage name '''Jay-Z''', is an American [[rapper]], [[record producer]], [[entrepreneur]], and occasional actor. He is one of the most financially successful hip hop artists and entrepreneurs in America, having a net worth of over $450&amp;nbsp;million as of 2010.&lt;ref name=&quot;mtv greatest&quot;&gt;[http://www.mtv.com/bands/h/hip_hop_week/2006/emcees/index11.jhtml The Greatest MCs of All Time] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060415035102/http://www.mtv.com/bands/h/hip_hop_week/2006/emcees/index11.jhtml |date=2006-04-15 }} ''MTV''. Retrieved on December 26, 2006&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://blogs.forbes.com/zackomalleygreenburg/2010/09/22/jay-zs-50-million-music-box/|title=Jay-Z’s $50&amp;nbsp;Million Music Box
|date=September 22, 2010|first=Zack|last=O'Malley Greenburg=|work=Forbes|accessdate=November 22, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; He has sold approximately 50 million albums worldwide, while receiving thirteen [[Grammy Awards]] for his musical work, and numerous additional nominations.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article4217430.ece | location=London | work=The Times | first=Adam | last=Sherwin | title=Blingedup wellies for Glastonbury arrive at JayZs hotel | date=June 26, 2008 | access-date=November 19, 2011 | archivedate=June 24, 2011 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110624094832/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article4217430.ece | deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=tblTopArt |title=RIAA – Gold &amp; Platinum – August 8, 2008 |publisher=Riaa.com |accessdate=September 4, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; He is consistently ranked as one of the greatest rappers of all-time. He was ranked so by [[MTV]] in their list of ''The Greatest MCs of All-Time'' in 2006. Two of his albums, [[Reasonable Doubt (album)|''Reasonable Doubt'']] (1996) and ''[[The Blueprint]]'' (2001) are considered landmarks in the genre with both of them being ranked in ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine's list of [[The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time|the 500 greatest albums of all time]]. ''[[Blender (magazine)|Blender]]'', included the former on their 500 CDs You Must Own Before You Die.&lt;ref name=&quot;acclaimed&quot;&gt;{{cite web  | url = http://www.acclaimedmusic.net/061024/A3626.htm | title = Acclaimed Music: Jay-Z  | publisher = Acclaimed Music | accessdate = July 21, 2007 }}&lt;/ref&gt;


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}

==Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}

{{igbesiaye|1969||Jay Z}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olórin rap ará Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>c47mixaz0pwejvnak87q6hmjijziaut</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Caroline Wozniacki</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>59046</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637730</id>
      <parentid>607809</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:02:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637730</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4205" sha1="8ly2j7v8e62a60b3ozyrdvosfgbrwt7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox tennis biography
|name                        = Caroline Wozniacki
|image                       = Caroline Wozniacki at US Open 2009 4th round (281).jpg 
|caption                     = Wozniacki at the [[2009 US Open (tennis)|2009 US Open]]
|country                     = {{DEN}}
|residence                   = [[Monte Carlo]], Monaco
|birth_date                  = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1990|7|11}}
|birth_place                 = [[Odense]], Denmark
|nickname                    = Caro,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Chat with Caroline Wozniacki|url=http://espn.go.com/sportsnation/chat/_/id/25995/25995|accessdate=23 February 2011|archive-date=27 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227223628/http://espn.go.com/sportsnation/chat/_/id/25995/25995|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Miss Sunshine,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Tennis’s golden girl falls in final|url=http://www.cphpost.dk/sport/120-sport/46891-tenniss-golden-girl-falls-in-final.html|accessdate=23 February 2011|newspaper=Copenhagen Post|date=14 September 2009|archivedate=5 August 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805110209/http://www.cphpost.dk/sport/120-sport/46891-tenniss-golden-girl-falls-in-final.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Golden Retriever&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Garber|first=Greg|title=Wozniacki's game clean as a whistle|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/usopen10/columns/story?columnist=garber_greg&amp;id=5539699|publisher=ESPN |accessdate=24 February 2011|date=6 September 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|height                      = {{height|m=1.77}}&lt;ref name=&quot;WTAStats&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/page/Player/Stats/0,,12781~12631,00.html|title=Caroline Wozniacki Statistics|publisher=WTA Tour|accessdate=11 October 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|weight                      = {{convert|58|kg|lb stlb|abbr=on}}&lt;ref name=WTAStats/&gt;
|turnedpro                   = 18 July 2005&lt;ref name=WTAStats/&gt;
|plays                       = Right-handed (two-handed backhand)&lt;ref name=WTAStats/&gt;
|careerprizemoney  = [[United States dollar|$]]14,171,097&lt;ref name=WTAStats/&gt;
|website                     = [http://www.carolinewozniacki.dk/ www.carolinewozniacki.dk] 
|singlesrecord               = 348–128&lt;ref name=WTAStats/&gt;
|singlestitles               = 20  [[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]], 4 [[International Tennis Federation|ITF]]
|highestsinglesranking       = No. '''1''' (11 October 2010)
|currentsinglesranking       = No. 10 (12 November 2012)
|AustralianOpenresult        = SF ([[2011 Australian Open – Women's Singles|2011]])
|FrenchOpenresult            = QF ([[2010 French Open – Women's Singles|2010]])
|Wimbledonresult             = 4R ([[2009 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2009]], [[2010 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2010]], [[2011 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|2011]])
|USOpenresult                = F ([[2009 US Open – Women's Singles|2009]])
|Othertournaments            = yes
|WTAChampionshipsresult      = F ([[2010 WTA Tour Championships|2010]])
|Olympicsresult              = QF ([[Tennis at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|2012]])
|doublesrecord               = 36–54&lt;ref name=WTAStats/&gt;
|doublestitles               = 2 [[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]], 0 [[International Tennis Federation|ITF]]
|highestdoublesranking       = No. 52 (14 September 2009)
|grandslamsdoublesresults    = yes
|AustralianOpenDoublesresult = 2R ([[2008 Australian Open – Women's Doubles|2008]])
|FrenchOpenDoublesresult     = 2R ([[2010 French Open – Women's Doubles|2010]])
|WimbledonDoublesresult      = 2R ([[2009 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles|2009]], [[2010 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles|2010]])
|USOpenDoublesresult         = 3R ([[2009 US Open – Women's Doubles|2009]])
|updated = 12 November 2012
}}
'''Caroline Wozniacki''' ({{IPA-pl|voʑˈɲatski}}, {{IPA-da|kɑːo.liːnə ʋʌsni'ɑɡ̊i}}; ojoibi 11 July 1990) je agba tenis ara [[Denmark|Denmarki]]. O ti wa tele ni [[List of WTA number 1 ranked players|ipo kinni lagbaye]] ni [[WTA Tour]].


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}
{{Tennis World WTA Number Ones (women)}}
{{igbesiaye|1990||Wozniacki,Caroline}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbá tẹ́nìs]]</text>
      <sha1>8ly2j7v8e62a60b3ozyrdvosfgbrwt7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Christina Aguilera</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>59526</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637735</id>
      <parentid>595227</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:25:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637735</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2951" sha1="tilhyh7jrtezjnbvw8on357j550x3i1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist
| name                = Christina Aguilera
| image               = Christina Aguilera (2006).jpg
| image_size          = 
| caption             = Aguilera in 2006.
| background          = solo_singer
| birth_name          = Christina María Aguilera
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1980|12|18}}
| birth_place         = [[Staten Island]], New York, U.S.
| origin              = [[Wexford, Pennsylvania|Wexford]], Pennsylvania, U.S.
| genre               = [[Pop music|Pop]], [[Contemporary R&amp;B|R&amp;B]], [[Soul music|soul]], [[Dance music|dance]], [[Electronic music|electronic]]
| occupation          = Singer-songwriter,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Bionic by Christina Aguilera Songfacts|url=http://www.songfacts.com/detail.php?id=19834|accessdate=June 29, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Christina Aguilera|url=http://www.wfp.org/content/christina-aguilera-ambassador|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archive-date=June 11, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611083635/http://www.wfp.org/content/christina-aguilera-ambassador|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Christina Aguilera to Sing the National Anthem at Super Bowl|url=http://www.theblogismine.com/2011/01/25/christina-aguilera-to-sing-the-national-anthem-at-super-bowl/|accessdate=June 29, 2011|archive-date=August 16, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816164329/http://www.theblogismine.com/2011/01/25/christina-aguilera-to-sing-the-national-anthem-at-super-bowl/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; record producer, dancer, television personality,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Voice Judges: Christina Aguilera, Cee Lo Green, Blake Shelton and Adam Levine|url=http://www.starsofreality.com/Voice-Judges-Christina-Aguilera-Cee-Lo-Green-Blake-Shelton-Adam-Levine-16052675|accessdate=June 29, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; actress
| instrument          = Vocals
| years_active        = 1993–present
| label               = [[RCA Records|RCA]]
| website             = {{URL|http://www.christinaaguilera.com/}}
}}
'''Christina María Aguilera''' (ojoibi [[Oṣù Kejìlá]] 18, 1980)&lt;ref name=billboard-bio&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/features/christina-aguilera-billboard-cover-story-1007955332.story#/artist/christina-aguilera/bio/325726|title=Christina Aguilera &gt; Biography|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|accessdate=October 1, 2012|archive-date=September 24, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120924023005/http://www.billboard.com/features/christina-aguilera-billboard-cover-story-1007955332.story#/artist/christina-aguilera/bio/325726|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; je akorin-olukoweorin, atokun awo-orin, eni ori telifisan ati osere ara Amerika.


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}
{{igbesiaye|1980||Aguilera, Christina}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn akọrin ará Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn  òṣeré orí-ìtàgé ará Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn akọrin pop ará Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>tilhyh7jrtezjnbvw8on357j550x3i1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ashanti (àkọrin)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>59536</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637718</id>
      <parentid>622609</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:44:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637718</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8600" sha1="e7lvklj7xyff9pegbp70bkq9rpp2bva" xml:space="preserve">{{translate}}
{{Infobox musical artist &lt;!-- For individuals; see Wikipedia:WikiProject Musicians --&gt;
| name         = Ashanti
| image         = Ashanti Heart Truth3crop.jpg
| caption    =  	Ashanti Photographed by Robert Ector (February 2008)
| image_size = 250px|
| landscape    = 
| background   = solo_singer
| birth_name   = Ashanti Shequoiya Douglas
| alias        = Shany Bonnie 
| birth_date   = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1980|10|13}}
| birth_place   = [[Glen Cove, New York]] [[United States]]
| origin       = [[Roslyn, New York ]]
| instrument   = [[singing|Vocals]], [[piano]]
| genre        = [[Contemporary R&amp;B|R&amp;B]], [[Hip hop music|hip hop]], [[hip hop soul]]
| occupation   = [[Singer-songwriter]], [[record producer]],  [[actress]], 
| years_active = 1994–present
| label        = [[Jive Records|Jive]]&lt;small&gt; (1994–1997)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Epic Records|Epic]]&lt;small&gt; (1998–2000)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[The Inc. Records|The Inc.]]&lt;small&gt; (2001–2009)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[Written Entertainment]]&lt;small&gt; (2010–present)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;br&gt;[[E1 Music|eOne]] &lt;small&gt;(2011–present)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;
|associated_acts =
|associated_acts      = [[Ja Rule]], [[Akon]], [[Nelly]]
| website      = *{{official website|http://ashantithisisme.com}}
}}
'''Ashanti''' (àbísọ '''Ashanti Shequoiya Douglas'''; October 13, 1980) ni [[singer-songwriter|akọrin-olùkọ̀wéorin]], [[record producer|atọ́kùn àwo-orin]], àti [[actress|òṣeré]] ará Amẹ́ríkà. Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ẹ̀wádún 2000 ló dìde bíi olórin. Ashanti is most famous for her [[Ashanti (album)|eponymous debut album]], which featured the hit song &quot;[[Foolish (Ashanti song)|Foolish]]&quot;, and sold over 503,000 copies in its first week of release throughout the U.S. in April 2002. The album set a [[Soundscan]] record as the biggest opening week sales for a new female artist, outselling debuts by [[Alicia Keys]] and [[Lauryn Hill]].&lt;ref&gt;Margena A. Christian (June 9, 2008).  Her debut single &quot;Foolish&quot; jumped to #1 on Billboard Hot 100, staying there for 10 Weeks. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120603164100/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_22_113/ai_n27497009/ Ashanti returns more empowered with 'The Declaration']. Accessed September 7, 2008.&lt;/ref&gt; In the same week, she became the first female performer to simultaneously hold the top two places on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] singles chart with &quot;Foolish&quot;, and &quot;[[What's Luv?]]&quot; (with [[Fat Joe]]). Ashanti broke records again by having three top ten songs, &quot;Foolish,&quot; &quot;What's Luv?&quot; and &quot;[[Always on Time]]&quot;, on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 charts in the same week, being the first woman to accomplish this feat and being second only to [[the Beatles]].&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot;&gt;''Guinness World Records 2005: Special 50th Anniversary Edition'' (2005). pg. 196. UK: Guinness Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1-892051-22-2.&lt;/ref&gt; In 2003, the self-titled debut album won Ashanti her first [[Grammy Award]] for Best Contemporary R&amp;B album. As of 2012, Ashanti has sold over 30 million records worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;www.reuters.com/article/2008/08/25/idUS186640+25-Aug-2008+BW20080825&lt;/ref&gt; Ashanti ended the decade (2000–09) as the third top new R&amp;B artist behind [[Alicia Keys]] and [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyoncé]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Grein |first=Paul |url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/39906/chart-watch-extra-the-top-20-new-acts-of-the-2000s/ |title=Chart Watch Extra: The Top 20 New Acts Of The 2000s &amp;#124; Chart Watch - Yahoo! Music |publisher=New.music.yahoo.com |date=2009-07-22 |accessdate=2011-11-24}}&lt;/ref&gt; She also ended the decade at number 38 on the Top Artist of the Decade list.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/decadeendcharts/chart_display.jsp?&amp;f=Artists+Of+The+Decade&amp;g=Decade-end+Artists&lt;/ref&gt; She ranked #17, with ''[[Foolish (Ashanti song)|Foolish]]'' selling more than 7.4 million copies in the U.S.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}}. Ashanti has an estimated net worth of $40 million dollars [USD].&lt;ref&gt;http://www.celebritynetworth.com/richest-celebrities/singers/ashanti-net-worth/&lt;/ref&gt;

Ashanti wrote and sang background on [[Jennifer Lopez]]'s &quot;[[Ain't It Funny (Murder Remix)]]&quot;, which reached number one on ''Billboard'' Hot 100, which was also in the top 10 chart at the same time as &quot;Foolish&quot;, &quot;Always on Time&quot; (with [[Ja Rule]]), and &quot;What's Luv&quot; (with [[Fat Joe]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;Ashanti Biography&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20051216232357/http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/charts/chart_rewind.jsp?f=The+Billboard+Hot+100&amp;g=Singles&amp;y=5 &quot;Billboard Chart Rewind&quot;]. Billboard.com. Retrieved April 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; Later that year, she was acclaimed as the &quot;Princess Of Hip-Hop &amp; R&amp;B&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ashanti Means War&quot;&gt;[http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5933321/ashanti_means_war/print &quot;Ashanti Means War&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091002075741/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5933321/ashanti_means_war/print |date=2009-10-02 }}. RollingStone.com. Retrieved May 15, 2007&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Posted Jun 10th 2008 2:00PM by Adam Horne Comments |url=http://www.theboombox.com/2008/06/10/ashanti-returns-with-newfound-independence/ |title=Ashanti Returns With Newfound Independence |publisher=The Boombox |date=2008-06-10 |accessdate=2011-11-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-84743315.html |access-date=2012-12-02 |archive-date=2012-05-25 |archive-url=https://archive.ph/20120525204342/www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-84743315.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; by her label and capped off her successful debut by winning eight ''Billboard'' awards and two American Music Awards. Within seven years of Ashanti's career, she has scored 16 top 40 hits on the Hot 100. Ashanti has endorsed numerous products including [[Gap (clothing retailer)|Gap]], [[Herbal Essences]] and [[Mudd Jeans]].

Ashanti cites [[Whitney Houston]], [[Janet Jackson]], [[Prince (musician)|Prince]], [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]], [[Tupac Shakur]], [[Mary J. Blige]], [[Ella Fitzgerald]], [[Smokey Robinson]], [[Donna Summer]], and [[Blue Magic (band)|Blue Magic]] as her musical influences.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ashanti&quot;&gt;[http://www.murderinc-online.com/eng06/artist_ashanti.php?PHPSESSID=11d950583bd615bf14cf983ab7dd6344 &quot;Ashanti&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013012337/http://www.murderinc-online.com/eng06/artist_ashanti.php |date=2007-10-13 }}. Murderinc-Online.com. Retrieved March 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hip-Hop Princess Lives the Dream&quot;&gt;[http://media.www.clarksonintegrator.com/media/storage/paper280/news/2003/03/03/Features/HipHop.Princess.Lives.The.Dream-383689-page4.shtml &quot;Hip-Hop Princess Lives the Dream&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090730042834/http://media.www.clarksonintegrator.com/media/storage/paper280/news/2003/03/03/Features/HipHop.Princess.Lives.The.Dream-383689-page4.shtml |date=2009-07-30 }}. Clarksonintegrator.com. Retrieved November 2007.&lt;/ref&gt; Praised as a gifted songwriter by her peers and critics alike, Ashanti has written/co-written the bulk of all her music. She is currently working on her own publishing company  entitled Written Entertainment.  She released her fourth studio album entitled ''[[The Declaration (album)|The Declaration]]'' on June 3, 2008 and is currently in the studio working on her fifth.&lt;ref name=&quot;Village Voice&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Pak|first=Eudie|title=Ashanti On Her Starring Role in The Wiz and R&amp;B Kids These Days|date=2009-06-01|publisher=The Village Voice|url=http://blogs.villagevoice.com/music/archives/2009/06/interview_ashan.php|accessdate=2009-06-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090608164043/http://blogs.villagevoice.com/music/archives/2009/06/interview_ashan.php|archivedate=2009-06-08|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; She also performed the charity tune &quot;[[Just Stand Up]]&quot; alongside 15 other female singers for the &quot;Stand Up to Cancer&quot; live television special which helped raise $100 million dollars for [[cancer]] research.&lt;ref name=&quot;billboard.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Up for Discussion Jump to Forums |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003840319 |title=Female Stars Team For Cancer Charity Tune |publisher=Billboard.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-24 |archive-date=2009-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022005024/http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/news/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003840319 |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
{{igbesiaye|1980||Ashanti}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn akọrin hip hop]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ẹlẹ́bùn Grammy]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn akọrin ará Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>e7lvklj7xyff9pegbp70bkq9rpp2bva</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ibùgbé</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>59628</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637761</id>
      <parentid>411705</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:11:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637761</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="735" sha1="i298mc6uhra1164yqiv03xymlad0kpy" xml:space="preserve">''Ibùgbé''' je establishment where it was originally or currently being used by a host as their main place of dwelling or home.&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/6990706.stm '&amp;#39;Home Suite Home'&amp;#39; –]. BBC News (2007-09-12). Retrieved on 2011-06-12.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Elaine Stritch |url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/participant.jsp?spid=186009 |access-date=2012-12-04 |archive-date=2012-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114101754/http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/participant.jsp?spid=186009 |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
== Itokasi ==
{{reflist}}
{{disambig}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:]]
[[de:Residenz]]
[[en:Residence]]
[[es:Residencia]]
[[sr:Пребивалиште]]
[[fi:Residenssi]]</text>
      <sha1>i298mc6uhra1164yqiv03xymlad0kpy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jet Li</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>60238</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637784</id>
      <parentid>556028</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:20:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637784</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2108" sha1="qfzwrdvvhye82cz43mixa72hffts5ka" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox actor
|name = Jet Li
|image =  Jet Li cropped.JPG
|imagesize = 200px
|caption = Jet Li nibi agbejade fiimu ''[[w:Fearless (2006 film)|Fearless]]'' ni odun 2006.
|tradchinesename = 李連杰
|simpchinesename = 李连杰
|pinyinchinesename = Lǐ Liánjié
|jyutpingchinesename = Lei5 Lin4-git6
|ancestry = [[Beijing]], [[China]]
| birth_date      = {{Birth date and age|1963|4|26|df=y}}
|birth_place = [[Beijing]], [[China]]
|othername = 李陽中 ([[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional]])&lt;br /&gt;李阳中 ([[Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified]])&lt;br /&gt;Lǐ Yángzhōng ([[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]])&lt;br /&gt;Lei5 Joeng4 Zung1 ([[Cantonese]]) (Chinese producer pseudonym)
|occupation = Actor, martial artist, film producer
|yearsactive = 1982–present
|spouse = Huang Qiuyan (1987–1990)&lt;br&gt;[[Nina Li (actress)|Nina Li Chi]] (1999–present)
|hongkongfilmwards = '''[[Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]'''&lt;br&gt;2008 ''[[The Warlords]]''
|goldenhorseawards = '''Special Award'''&lt;br&gt;1995
|hkfcsawards = '''Best Actor'''&lt;br&gt;2006 ''[[Fearless (2006 film)|Fearless]]''
|awards = '''Shanghai Film Critics Awards'''&lt;br&gt;2008 Best Actor (''[[The Warlords]]'')
|website = [http://www.jetli.com/ www.jetli.com]
}}
{{Contains Chinese text}}
{{Chinese name|[[Li (李)|Li]]}} 
'''Li Lianjie''' ({{IPAc-cmn|l|i|3|-|l|ian|2|j|ie|2}}; ojoibi 26 April 1963), to gbajumo pelu oruko ori itage re ni ede Geesi bi '''Jet Li''', je osere, atokun filmu, [[Chinese martial arts|onimo ere-ija]], ati ayori [[wushu (sport)|wushu]] ara [[Ṣáínà]] to je bibi ni [[Beijing]]. O ti di omo orile-ede [[Singapore]].&lt;ref name=&quot;news&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/audio/2009-07/29/content_11789876.htm |title=Xinhuanet.com |publisher=News.xinhuanet.com |accessdate=October 2, 2010 |archive-date=June 9, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609204411/http://news.xinhuanet.com/audio/2009-07/29/content_11789876.htm |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;


{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}
==Itokasi==
{{Reflist}}
{{igbesiaye|1963||Li, Jet}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Ṣáínà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré]]</text>
      <sha1>qfzwrdvvhye82cz43mixa72hffts5ka</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Foluke Akinradewo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>61203</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637747</id>
      <parentid>499422</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T06:41:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637747</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="684" sha1="h8jby63rhb5roj7ykekxiwg8vj5ayy1" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Foluke Akinradewo.jpg|thumb|]]

'''Foluke Atinuke Akinradewo''' (ojoibi [[Ọjọ́ 5 Oṣù Kẹ̀wá]] [[1987]]).

==Itokasi==

* [http://www.teamusa.org/Athletes/AK/Foluke-Akinradewo Foluke Akinradewo's official bio] ní [http://www.teamusa.org/USA-Volleyball.aspx USA Volleybal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423051406/http://www.teamusa.org/USA-Volleyball.aspx |date=2012-04-23 }}
* [http://www.fivb.org/EN/volleyball/competitions/WorldGrandPrix/2010/Players.asp?Tourn=WGP2010&amp;Team=USA&amp;No=115495 FIVB Profile]

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}

{{igbesiaye|1987||Akinradewo, Foluke}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Yorùbá]]</text>
      <sha1>h8jby63rhb5roj7ykekxiwg8vj5ayy1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Glenn Close</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62008</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637754</id>
      <parentid>609730</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:20:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637754</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11482" sha1="ns7spmldg494pvo2sqnki95bbl0f0iz" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Glenn Close - Guardians of the Galaxy premiere - July 2014 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Glenn Close (2014)]]
'''Glenn Close''' (March 19, 1947) je [[Actor|osere]] ara [[United States|Amerika]].

{{commonscat|Glenn Close}}

{{igbesiaye|1947||Close, Glenn}}

{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}

==Itokasi==
{{reflist}}

{{ebun Akademy Osere Okunrin Didarajulo Keji}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré fílmù ará Amẹ́ríkà]]

== Tete aye ati lẹhin ==

Glenn Close ni a bi ni Oṣu Kẹta Ọjọ 19, Ọdun 1947, ni Greenwich, Connecticut, si awujọ Elizabeth Mary Hester “Bettine” (née Moore) ati William Taliaferro Close, &lt;ref name=&quot;5dylcdw&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=October 16, 2014}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFRoberts2010&quot;&gt;Roberts, Gary Boyd (2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20141016123619/http://www.americanancestors.org/notable-kin-additional-cousins-of-the-princess-of-wales/ &quot;Notable Kin - Additional Noted American Cousin: A Five-Year Update, Numbers 326-350&quot;]. New England Historic Genealogical Society - Founded 1845. Archived from [http://www.americanancestors.org/notable-kin-additional-cousins-of-the-princess-of-wales/ the original] on October 16, 2014&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;December 7,&lt;/span&gt; 2010&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; dokita kan ti o ṣiṣẹ ile-iwosan kan ni [[Kóngò Bẹ́ljíọ̀m|Belgian Congo]] ati ṣiṣẹ bi oniwosan ti ara ẹni si ijọba ijọba [[Zaire|Kongo]] [[Mobutu Sese Seko]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;Conscience and the Congo&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06333/741921-374.stm|title=Conscience and the Congo|first=Dan|last=Simpson|access-date=July 15, 2007|archivedate=August 23, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823173815/http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06333/741921-374.stm|deadurl=unfit}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSimpson2006&quot;&gt;Simpson, Dan (November 29, 2006). . ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette''. Archived from [http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06333/741921-374.stm the original] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823173815/http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/06333/741921-374.stm |date=2011-08-23 }} on August 23, 2011&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;July 15,&lt;/span&gt; 2007&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; O ni awọn arabinrin meji, Tina ati Jessie, ati awọn arakunrin meji, Alexander (ti a npè ni Sandy) ati Tambu Misoki, ti awọn obi Close gba nigba ti wọn ngbe ni Congo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-feb-15-me-william-close15-story.html|title=Dr. William Close dies at 84; physician played a key role in stopping the Ebola virus|last=II|first=Thomas H. Maugh|access-date=September 21, 2016|archivedate=September 23, 2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFII2009&quot;&gt;II, Thomas H. Maugh (February 15, 2009). [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-feb-15-me-william-close15-story.html &quot;Dr. William Close dies at 84; physician played a key role in stopping the Ebola virus&quot;]. ''Los Angeles Times''. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0458-3035 0458-3035]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160923023813/http://articles.latimes.com/2009/feb/15/local/me-william-close15 Archived] from the original on September 23, 2016&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;September 21,&lt;/span&gt; 2016&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Lakoko ewe rẹ, Close gbe pẹlu awọn obi rẹ ni ile kekere okuta kan lori ohun-ini baba iya rẹ ni Greenwich. O bẹrẹ honing awọn agbara iṣe rẹ ni awọn ọdun ibẹrẹ rẹ, “Emi ko ni iyemeji pe awọn ọjọ ti Mo lo ni ṣiṣiṣẹ ni ọfẹ ni igberiko evocative Connecticut pẹlu oju inu ti ko ni idiwọ, ti ndun ohunkohun ti ihuwasi ti awọn ere wa beere, jẹ ọkan ninu awọn idi ti iṣe ti nigbagbogbo dabi adayeba si mi.”  Botilẹjẹpe Close ni ipilẹṣẹ ọlọrọ, o ti sọ pe idile rẹ yan lati ma kopa ninu awujọ WASP . Ó tún yàgò fún sísọ ìlú ìbí rẹ̀, ìlú ọlọrọ Greenwich, nígbàkúgbà tí wọ́n bá bii léèrè  nítorí kò fẹ́ kí àwọn èèyàn rò wípé ó jẹ́ jẹ “ ''abọ́lánlé tí kò ní láti'' 

Nígbàtí Close jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún méje, àwọn òbí rẹ̀ darapọ̀ mọ́ Moral Re-Armament (MRA), ẹgbẹ́ kán nínú èyítí ẹbí rẹ ṣe alábàpin fún ọdún mẹ́ẹ̀dógún. Lákòkò yìí, ìdílé Close ńgbé ní àwọn agbègbè kéréjekéréje. Ó ti ṣàpèjúwe MRA gẹ́gẹ́bi  “ẹgbẹ́ òkùnkùn” tí ó ń sọ gbogbo abala  ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀, láti àwọn aṣọ tí ó ní láti wọ̀ sí ohun tí ó gbọ́dọ̀ sọ. Close tun lo akoko ni [[Swítsàlandì|Switzerland]] nigbati o nkọ ni St. George's School, o si lọ Rosemary Hall (bayi Choate Rosemary Hall), se yanju ni 1965.  O rin irin-ajo fun ọdun pupọ ni aarin-si-pẹ 1960 pẹlu ẹgbẹ ti korin iwuri ti ko ni ere Up Pẹlu Eniyan . Nigba akoko rẹ ni Up Pẹlu Eniyan, Close ṣeto ẹgbẹ orin kekere kan ti a npe ni Green Glenn Singers, ti o ni ara rẹ, Kathe Green, Jennie Dorn, ati Vee Entwistle. Iṣẹ apinfunni ti ẹgbẹ naa sọ ni “lati kọ ati kọ awọn orin ti yoo fun eniyan ni idi kan ati gba wọn niyanju lati gbe ni ọna ti wọn pinnu lati gbe”. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=October 16, 2017}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFSeymour2007&quot;&gt;Seymour, Steve (January 25, 2007). [http://rocknrollgraffiti.blogspot.com/2007/01/glenn-close-recorded-in-u-p.html &quot;Glenn Close Recorded in U.P.&quot;] ''Rock n Roll Graffiti''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171016070610/http://rocknrollgraffiti.blogspot.com/2007/01/glenn-close-recorded-in-u-p.html Archived] from the original on October 16, 2017&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;June 3,&lt;/span&gt; 2017&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Glenn_Close_at_William_&amp;_Mary.jpg|thumb|Sunmọ (joko pẹlu aja rẹ) ti n ṣe itọsọna Ile-ẹkọ giga ti Ile-ẹkọ giga ti William &amp; Mary 's 2023 ti nbọ ile]]
Nigbati o pe omo ọdún mejilelogun, Close ya kuro lati MRA.  O sọ ni ẹẹkan pe ifẹ rẹ lati di oṣere jẹ ki o lọ kuro ni ẹgbẹ, o fi kun pe, &quot;Mo ti dariji awọn obi mi fun eyikeyi ninu eyi. Wọn ni awọn idi wọn fun ṣiṣe ohun ti wọn ṣe, ati pe mo ye wọn. O ni awọn ipa ẹru lori awọn ọmọ wọn, ṣugbọn eyi ni ọna ti o jẹ. Gbogbo wa gbiyanju lati yọ ninu ewu, ọtun? Ati pe Mo ro pe ohun ti o ti fipamọ mi gangan ju ohunkohun lọ ni ifẹ mi lati jẹ oṣere. &quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/11/fashion/glenn-close-sunset-boulevard-patrick-kennedy-addiction.html|title=Glenn Close and Patrick Kennedy on the Weight of Mental Illness|last=Galanes|first=Philip|date=March 11, 2017|work=The New York Times|access-date=March 14, 2017|issn=0362-4331|archivedate=March 13, 2017}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFGalanes2017&quot;&gt;Galanes, Philip (March 11, 2017). [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/11/fashion/glenn-close-sunset-boulevard-patrick-kennedy-addiction.html &quot;Glenn Close and Patrick Kennedy on the Weight of Mental Illness&quot;]. ''The New York Times''. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]]&amp;nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170313203740/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/11/fashion/glenn-close-sunset-boulevard-patrick-kennedy-addiction.html Archived] from the original on March 13, 2017&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;March 14,&lt;/span&gt; 2017&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; O lọ si Ile-ẹkọ giga ti William &amp; Mary, ti o ṣe pataki ni ilopo meji ni [[Tíátà|tiata]] ati imọ-jinlẹ .  Lakoko ọdun giga rẹ ti kọlẹji, Close di atilẹyin lati lepa iṣẹ ni ṣiṣe lẹhin wiwo ifọrọwanilẹnuwo ti [[Katharine Hepburn]] lori ''Dick Cavett Show'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2017/03/glenn-close-keeps-letter-from-katharine-hepburn|title=Read Katharine Hepburn's Influential Letter to Glenn Close|last=Weaver|first=Hilary|work=Vanities|access-date=March 31, 2017|language=en|archivedate=March 26, 2017}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWeaver&quot;&gt;Weaver, Hilary. [https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2017/03/glenn-close-keeps-letter-from-katharine-hepburn &quot;Read Katharine Hepburn's Influential Letter to Glenn Close&quot;]. ''Vanities''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170326003224/http://www.vanityfair.com/style/2017/03/glenn-close-keeps-letter-from-katharine-hepburn Archived] from the original on March 26, 2017&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;March 31,&lt;/span&gt; 2017&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; O wa ni ẹka ile itage ti kọlẹji naa ti Close bẹrẹ ikẹkọ bi oṣere pataki labẹ Howard Scammon, William ati Mary 's ọjọgbọn igba pipẹ ti itage. Lakoko awọn ọdun rẹ ni ile-iwe ni Williamsburg, o tun ṣe irawọ ni ere ita gbangba akoko ooru, ''Ogo ti o wọpọ'', ti akọwe Pulitzer Prize kọ Paul Green . &lt;ref name=&quot;princeton.edu&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=November 5, 2013}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.princeton.edu/WebMedia/flash/lectures/20090219_publect_close.shtml &quot;Glenn Close: &quot;Are You Who We Think You Are?&quot;&quot;]. Princeton.edu. February 19, 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131105175836/http://www.princeton.edu/WebMedia/flash/lectures/20090219_publect_close.shtml Archived] from the original on November 5, 2013&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;August 22,&lt;/span&gt; 2010&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; O ti yan lati jẹ ọmọ ẹgbẹ ninu awujọ ọlá ti Phi Beta Kappa .  Ni awọn ọdun, Close ti pada si William &amp; Mary lati kọ ẹkọ ati lati ṣabẹwo si ẹka ile iṣere. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2024-07-09}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFDe_Lisle2023&quot;&gt;De Lisle, Claire (September 21, 2023). [https://news.wm.edu/2023/09/21/glenn-close-74-d-a-89-h-f-19-to-be-honored-at-homecoming-reunion-weekend-2023/ &quot;Glenn Close '74, D.A. '89, H.F. '19 to be honored at Homecoming &amp; Reunion Weekend 2023&quot;]. ''W&amp;M News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240709035007/https://news.wm.edu/2023/09/21/glenn-close-74-d-a-89-h-f-19-to-be-honored-at-homecoming-reunion-weekend-2023/ Archived] from the original on July 9, 2024&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;July 25,&lt;/span&gt; 2024&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Nipasẹ irisi rẹ lori iṣẹlẹ akọkọ ti akoko keje ti ''Wiwa Awọn gbongbo Rẹ'', o wa lati rii pe o ni ibatan si Ọmọ-binrin ọba Diana nipasẹ awọn obi obi-nla rẹ ni igba meje, tun ni ibatan si elegbe oṣere [[Clint Eastwood]], ati pe diẹ ninu awọn baba rẹ jẹ [[Okoẹrú|ẹrú]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=February 4, 2021}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210204011511/https://www.pbs.org/weta/finding-your-roots/watch/episodes/to-the-manor-born &quot;''Finding Your Roots - To the Manor Born''&quot;]. ''[[PBS]]''. Archived from [https://www.pbs.org/weta/finding-your-roots/watch/episodes/to-the-manor-born the original] on February 4, 2021&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;January 26,&lt;/span&gt; 2021&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; O tun ni asopọ tangential si Marjorie Post ti o ti ni iyawo lẹẹkan si baba baba rẹ, Edward Bennett Close.</text>
      <sha1>ns7spmldg494pvo2sqnki95bbl0f0iz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Klaus Biemann</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62246</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637805</id>
      <parentid>633545</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T10:19:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637805</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6219" sha1="nkyn90m9qwlfpautfwegk7wmnon9kf8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox scientist
|name              = Klaus Biemann
|image             =  &lt;!--(filename only)--&gt;
|image_size       = 
|caption           = 
|birth_date        = {{birth date|1926|11|2}}
|birth_place       = [[Innsbruck]], [[Austria]]
|death_date        = {{death date and age|2016|6|2|1926|11|2}}
|death_place       = 
|residence         = 
|citizenship       = 
|nationality       = 
|ethnicity         = 
|fields            = [[Mass spectrometry]]
|workplaces        = Massachusetts Institute of Technology
|alma_mater        = [[University of Innsbruck]] &lt;br /&gt;Ph.D. [[Organic chemistry|Organic Chemistry]] 1951
|doctoral_advisor  = 
|academic_advisor  = 
|doctoral_students = [[John M. Hayes (scientist)|John M. Hayes]]&lt;ref name=hayesphd&gt;{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=John Michael|last=Hayes |title=Techniques for high resolution mass spectrometric analysis of organic constituents of terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology |date=1966 |url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/302307231 |oclc=18679992|authorlink=John M. Hayes (scientist)}} {{subscription required}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|notable_students  = 
|known_for         = [[Viking program|Mars Viking]] mass spectrometer&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid17548829&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |author=Biemann K |title=On the ability of the Viking gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer to detect organic matter |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=104 |issue=25 |pages=10310–3 |year=2007 |pmid=17548829 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0703732104 |pmc=1965509 |bibcode=2007PNAS..10410310B}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|influences        = 
|influenced        = 
|awards            = [[Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute)|Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry]] (2007)&lt;br /&gt;[[NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal]] (1977))
|religion          = 
|signature         = &lt;!--(filename only)--&gt;
|footnotes         = 
}}
'''Klaus Biemann''' (Ọjọ́ kejí Oṣù kọkànlá  Ọdún 1926 – Ọjọ́ kejí Oṣù kẹfà Ọdún 2016)&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=aQjtAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA20&amp;lpg=PA20&amp;dq=Klaus+Biemann+1926&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=WjRi8Ypb9z&amp;sig=pYVp7jaAlLyJgoyvZBv7PrtPDcU&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwir0aHg2p3NAhWIzxQKHZxKCQAQ6AEIWzAN#v=onepage&amp;q=Klaus%20Biemann%201926&amp;f=false The Encyclopedia of Mass Spectrometry: Volume 9, page 30]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.mit.edu/2016/klaus-biemann-chemistry-professor-emeritus-dies-0609 Klaus Biemann, professor emeritus of chemistry, dies at 89]&lt;/ref&gt;  jẹ́ ọ̀jọ̀gbón onímọ̀ [[Kẹ́místrì|chemistry]] ní  Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ìṣé rẹ̀ dá  lórí ìgbékalẹ̀ onínọmbà ní organic àti [[biochemistry]]. Wọ́n ti pèé ní &quot;Bàbá organic mass spectrometry.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Chung, Deborah D. L.|title=The Road to Scientific Success: Inspiring Life Stories of Prominent Researchers (Road to Scientific Success)|url=https://archive.org/details/roadtoscientific0001unse|publisher=World Scientific Publishing Company|location=|year=2006|pages=|isbn=981-256-600-7|oclc=|doi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ẹ̀bùn àti iyì ==
* Stas Medal of the Belgian Chemical Society (1962)&lt;ref name=&quot;Franklin&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.fi.edu/winners/2007/biemann_klaus.faw?winner_id=4405 &quot;Klause Biemann&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208101938/http://www.fi.edu/winners/2007/biemann_klaus.faw?winner_id=4405 |date=2012-02-08 }}. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
*  Ẹlẹ́gbé American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1966)&lt;ref name=&quot;AAAS&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterB.pdf &quot;Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter B&quot;] (PDF). &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Fritz Pregl]] Medal of the Austrian Microchemical Society (1977)&lt;ref name=&quot;Franklin&quot;/&gt;
* NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal (1977)&lt;ref name=&quot;Franklin&quot;/&gt;
* Guggenheim Fellow (1983)&lt;ref name=&quot;Guggenheim&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.gf.org/fellows/1269-klaus-biemann &quot;Klaus Biemann&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120921230122/http://www.gf.org/fellows/1269-klaus-biemann |date=2012-09-21 }}. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* Iyì Field àti Franklin ní Applied Mass Spectrometry lati American Chemical Society (1986)&lt;ref name=&quot;ACS-Field&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://webapps.acs.org/findawards/detail.jsp?ContentId=CTP_004522 &quot;Frank H. Field and Joe L. Franklin Award for Outstanding Achievement in Mass Spectrometry&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005204031/http://webapps.acs.org/findawards/detail.jsp?ContentId=CTP_004522 |date=2011-10-05 }}. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* Iyì ACS Analytical Chemistry lati American Chemical Society (2001)&lt;ref name=&quot;ACS-Analytical&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://webapps.acs.org/findawards/detail.jsp?ContentId=CTP_004492 &quot;ACS Award in Analytical Chemistry&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005204036/http://webapps.acs.org/findawards/detail.jsp?ContentId=CTP_004492 |date=2011-10-05 }}. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* Thomson Medal lati International Mass Spectrometry Foundation (1991)&lt;ref name=&quot;IMSF&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.imss.nl/awards/thomson09.html &quot;Thomson Medals, 2009&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164429/http://www.imss.nl/awards/thomson09.html |date=2018-09-16 }}. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* Iyì Pehr Edman (1992)&lt;ref name=&quot;Beckman&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.abrf.org/ABRFNews/1995/September1995/sep95bieman.html &quot;Klaus Biemann Receives Beckman-ABRF Award&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325114317/http://www.abrf.org/ABRFNews/1995/September1995/sep95bieman.html |date=2012-03-25 }}. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
*  Ẹgbẹ́ National Academy of Sciences (1993)&lt;ref name=&quot;NAS&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.nasonline.org/site/Dir/2039053662?pg=vprof&amp;mbr=1001767 &quot;Biemann, Klaus&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324091015/http://www.nasonline.org/site/Dir/2039053662?pg=vprof&amp;mbr=1001767 |date=2012-03-24 }}. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
* Iyì Beckman-ABRF lati Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities (1995)&lt;ref name=&quot;Beckman&quot;/&gt;
* Benjamin Franklin Medal ní Chemistry lati Franklin Institute (2007)&lt;ref name=&quot;Franklin&quot;/&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1926]]</text>
      <sha1>nkyn90m9qwlfpautfwegk7wmnon9kf8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ALDH1A3</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62256</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637698</id>
      <parentid>506333</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T00:41:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637698</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1672" sha1="mprik1joxhzfm0ul4fegyyky13fkzuw" xml:space="preserve">
'''Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A3''', tí a tún mọ̀ sí '''ALDH1A3''' tàbí '''retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3''' (RALDH3), jẹ́ enzyme nínú àwọn ènìyàn tí  ''ALDH1A3'' gene, ń kóòdù fún&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid7698756&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hsu LC, Chang WC, Hiraoka L, Hsieh CL|title=Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and chromosomal localization of an additional human aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, ALDH6|journal=Genomics|volume=24|issue=2|pages=333–41|date=November 1994|pmid=7698756|doi=10.1006/geno.1994.1624|url=|issn=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes jẹ́ àwọn enzymes tí a rò wípé wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ takuntakun ní pípa oró àwọn aldehyde tí ó jẹyọ nínú ètò ògógóró àti ìtúká lipid nínú ara. Àwọn enzyme tí ó ń kóòdù fún gene yìí máa ń lo retinal gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun ìbẹ̀rẹ̀, yálà lọ́fẹ́ tàbí retinal tí ó tòrò mọ́ protein nínú sẹ́ẹ̀lì.&lt;ref name=&quot;entrez&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=220 &quot;Entrez Gene: ALDH1A3&quot;] {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Z3988&quot; title=&quot;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AALDH1A3&amp;rft.btitle=Entrez+Gene%3A+ALDH1A3&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3FDb%3Dgene%26Cmd%3DShowDetailView%26TermToSearch%3D220&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Ìwé àkàsíwájú síi ==


[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]]</text>
      <sha1>mprik1joxhzfm0ul4fegyyky13fkzuw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ALDH1L1</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62257</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637699</id>
      <parentid>632023</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T00:41:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637699</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4856" sha1="6x8sxrqjbpn997ut1jyrqu0uo13ah7a" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Protein ALDH1L1 PDB 1s3i.png|thumb|ALDH1L1]]
'''10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase''' jẹ́ enzyme nínú ara àwọn ènìyàn tí  ''ALDH1L1'' gene máa ń kóòdù fún.&lt;ref name=&quot;entrez&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=10840 &quot;Entrez Gene: ALDH1L1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member L1&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816184030/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=10840 |date=2023-08-16 }}.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Z3988&quot; title=&quot;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AALDH1L1&amp;rft.btitle=Entrez+Gene%3A+ALDH1L1+aldehyde+dehydrogenase+1+family%2C+member+L1&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3FDb%3Dgene%26Cmd%3DShowDetailView%26TermToSearch%3D10840&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]]
==Ìwé àkàsíwájú==
{{refbegin | 2}} 
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Lee KM, Lan Q, Kricker A |title=One-carbon metabolism gene polymorphisms and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Australia. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=122 |issue= 5 |pages= 525–33 |year=  2007|pmid= 17891500 |doi= 10.1007/s00439-007-0431-2 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Stevens VL, McCullough ML, Pavluck AL |title=Association of polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism genes and postmenopausal breast cancer incidence. |journal=Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. |volume=16 |issue= 6 |pages= 1140–7 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17548676 |doi= 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-1037 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Lim U, Wang SS, Hartge P |title=Gene-nutrient interactions among determinants of folate and one-carbon metabolism on the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: NCI-SEER case-control study. |journal=Blood |volume=109 |issue= 7 |pages= 3050–9 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17119116 |doi= 10.1182/blood-2006-07-034330  | pmc=1852210 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Oleinik NV, Krupenko SA |title=Ectopic expression of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase in A549 cells induces G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. |journal=Mol. Cancer Res. |volume=1 |issue= 8 |pages= 577–88 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12805405 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Krupenko SA, Oleinik NV |title=10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, one of the major folate enzymes, is down-regulated in tumor tissues and possesses suppressor effects on cancer cells. |journal=Cell Growth Differ. |volume=13 |issue= 5 |pages= 227–36 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12065246 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Hong M, Lee Y, Kim JW |title=Isolation and characterization of cDNA clone for human liver 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase. |journal=Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. |volume=47 |issue= 3 |pages= 407–15 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10204077 |doi=  10.1080/15216549900201433|display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_gene_1997-10-24_200_1-2/page/149 |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 149–56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3  
|display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_gene_1994-01-28_138_1-2/page/171 |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 171–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Champion KM, Cook RJ, Tollaksen SL, Giometti CS |title=Identification of a heritable deficiency of the folate-dependent enzyme 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase in mice | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-national-academy-of-sciences-usa_1994-11-22_91_24/page/11338 |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=91 |issue= 24 |pages= 11338–42 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7972060 |doi=10.1073/pnas.91.24.11338  | pmc=45226  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Johlin FC, Swain E, Smith C, Tephly TR |title=Studies on the mechanism of methanol poisoning: purification and comparison of rat and human liver 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=35 |issue= 6 |pages= 745–50 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2733692 |doi=  }}
}}
{{refend}}</text>
      <sha1>6x8sxrqjbpn997ut1jyrqu0uo13ah7a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ALDH3B2</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62259</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637700</id>
      <parentid>632133</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T00:44:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637700</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1523" sha1="5lc34omjsbu8b5nyuvbmdtu43o9h9lz" xml:space="preserve">'''Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B2'''  jẹ́ enzyme nínú ara àwọn ènìyàn tí  ALDH3B2 gene máa ń kóòdù  fún.&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid8890755&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hsu LC, Chang WC|title=Sequencing and expression of the human ALDH8 encoding a new member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family|journal=Gene|volume=174|issue=2|pages=319–22|date=Dec 1996|pmid=8890755|pmc=|doi=10.1016/0378-1119(96)00087-X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid9161417&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hsu LC, Chang WC, Yoshida A|title=Human aldehyde dehydrogenase genes, ALDH7 and ALDH8: genomic organization and gene structure comparison|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_gene_1997_189_1/page/89|journal=Gene|volume=189|issue=1|pages=89–94|date=Jun 1997|pmid=9161417|pmc=|doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00839-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;entrez&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=222 &quot;Entrez Gene: ALDH3B2 aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member B2&quot;] {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Z3988&quot; title=&quot;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AALDH3B2&amp;rft.btitle=Entrez+Gene%3A+ALDH3B2+aldehyde+dehydrogenase+3+family%2C+member+B2&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3FDb%3Dgene%26Cmd%3DShowDetailView%26TermToSearch%3D222&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}


[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]]</text>
      <sha1>5lc34omjsbu8b5nyuvbmdtu43o9h9lz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 family, member A1</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62260</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637710</id>
      <parentid>632008</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:13:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637710</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1418" sha1="kq1pppxwey4fu45cfsoy1ssc2lrgaes" xml:space="preserve">'''Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial'''  jẹ́ enzyme nínú ara àwọn ènìyàn tí  ALDH4a1 gene máa ń kóòdù fún.&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid8621661&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hu CA, Lin WW, Valle D|title=Cloning, characterization, and expression of cDNAs encoding human delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_1996-04-19_271_16/page/9795|journal=J Biol Chem|volume=271|issue=16|pages=9795–800|date=Jun 1996|pmid=8621661|pmc=|doi=10.1074/jbc.271.16.9795}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;entrez&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=8659 &quot;Entrez Gene: ALDH4A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 4 family, member A1&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100307001218/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=8659 |date=2010-03-07 }}.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Z3988&quot; title=&quot;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAldehyde+dehydrogenase+4+family%2C+member+A1&amp;rft.btitle=Entrez+Gene%3A+ALDH4A1+aldehyde+dehydrogenase+4+family%2C+member+A1&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3FDb%3Dgene%26Cmd%3DShowDetailView%26TermToSearch%3D8659&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}


[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]]</text>
      <sha1>kq1pppxwey4fu45cfsoy1ssc2lrgaes</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family, member A1</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62261</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637711</id>
      <parentid>632063</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:13:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637711</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7664" sha1="i27a3j6r17uy3f0fthmwm4atb9w1zms" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Protein ALDH5A1 PDB 2W8N.png|thumb|]]
'''Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial'''  jẹ́ enzyme nínú ara àwọn ènìyàn tí  ALDH5A1 gene máa ń kóòdù fún.&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid7814412&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Chambliss KL, Caudle DL, Hinson DD, Moomaw CR, Slaughter CA, Jakobs C, Gibson KM|title=Molecular cloning of the mature NAD(+)-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase from rat and human. cDNA isolation, evolutionary homology, and tissue expression|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_1995-01-06_270_1/page/461|journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry|volume=270|issue=1|pages=461–7|date=Jan 1995|pmid=7814412|pmc=|doi=10.1074/jbc.270.1.461}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid9059628&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Trettel F, Malaspina P, Jodice C, Novelletto A, Slaughter CA, Caudle DL, Hinson DD, Chambliss KL, Gibson KM|title=Human succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase. Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization|journal=Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology|volume=414|issue=|pages=253–60|date=May 1997|pmid=9059628|pmc=|doi=10.1007/978-1-4615-5871-2_29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;entrez&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=7915 &quot;Entrez Gene: ALDH5A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family, member A1 (succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase)&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250414105345/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=7915 |date=2025-04-14 }}.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Z3988&quot; title=&quot;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAldehyde+dehydrogenase+5+family%2C+member+A1&amp;rft.btitle=Entrez+Gene%3A+ALDH5A1+aldehyde+dehydrogenase+5+family%2C+member+A1+%28succinate-semialdehyde+dehydrogenase%29&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3FDb%3Dgene%26Cmd%3DShowDetailView%26TermToSearch%3D7915&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Protein yìí wà ní ẹbí aldehyde dehydrogenase ti àwọn protein.
 Gene yìí máa ń kóòdù fún  succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase tí ó gbójú lé NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; ti mitochondria. Àìpóṣùwọ̀n enzyme yìí ni wọ́n ń pè ní  4-hydroxybutyricaciduria, tí kò wọ́pọ̀ nínú ìbíní tí kò ṣe rẹ́gí níbi ètò neurotransmitter tí à ń pè ní γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Lati ṣàtúnṣe àìṣe dédé yìí, omi ara ẹni tí ó ní ààrùn yìí máa ń kó GHB mọ́ra.
Irú rè. méjì ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ ni a dámọ̀ fún gene yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;entrez&quot;/&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
==Ìwé àkàsíwájú==
{{refbegin | 2}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hearl WG, Churchich JE | title = Interactions between 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, two mitochondrial enzymes | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_1984-09-25_259_18/page/11459 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 259 | issue = 18 | pages = 11459–63 | date = Sep 1984 | pmid = 6470007 | doi =  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Chambliss KL, Hinson DD, Trettel F, Malaspina P, Novelletto A, Jakobs C, Gibson KM | title = Two exon-skipping mutations as the molecular basis of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (4-hydroxybutyric aciduria) | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-human-genetics_1998-08_63_2/page/399 | journal = American Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 63 | issue = 2 | pages = 399–408 | date = Aug 1998 | pmid = 9683595 | pmc = 1377305 | doi = 10.1086/301964 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hogema BM, Akaboshi S, Taylor M, Salomons GS, Jakobs C, Schutgens RB, Wilcken B, Worthington S, Maropoulos G, Grompe M, Gibson KM | title = Prenatal diagnosis of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency: increased accuracy employing DNA, enzyme, and metabolite analyses | journal = Molecular Genetics and Metabolism | volume = 72 | issue = 3 | pages = 218–22 | date = Mar 2001 | pmid = 11243727 | doi = 10.1006/mgme.2000.3145 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Aoshima T, Kajita M, Sekido Y, Ishiguro Y, Tsuge I, Kimura M, Yamaguchi S, Watanabe K, Shimokata K, Niwa T | title = Mutation analysis in a patient with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency: a compound heterozygote with 103-121del and 1460T &gt; A of the ALDH5A1 gene | journal = Human Heredity | volume = 53 | issue = 1 | pages = 42–4 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11901270 | doi = 10.1159/000048603 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Blasi P, Boyl PP, Ledda M, Novelletto A, Gibson KM, Jakobs C, Hogema B, Akaboshi S, Loreni F, Malaspina P | title = Structure of human succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase gene: identification of promoter region and alternatively processed isoforms | journal = Molecular Genetics and Metabolism | volume = 76 | issue = 4 | pages = 348–62 | date = Aug 2002 | pmid = 12208142 | doi = 10.1016/S1096-7192(02)00105-1 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Novikov VD, Valova TA, Iasakova NT, Belan IB | title = [Morphological and functional characteristics of lymphocytes of mothers of children with Down syndrome] | journal = Morfologii͡A | volume = 118 | issue = 4 | pages = 74–80 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12629812 | doi =  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Akaboshi S, Hogema BM, Novelletto A, Malaspina P, Salomons GS, Maropoulos GD, Jakobs C, Grompe M, Gibson KM | title = Mutational spectrum of the succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH5A1) gene and functional analysis of 27 novel disease-causing mutations in patients with SSADH deficiency | journal = Human Mutation | volume = 22 | issue = 6 | pages = 442–50 | date = Dec 2003 | pmid = 14635103 | doi = 10.1002/humu.10288 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Plomin R, Turic DM, Hill L, Turic DE, Stephens M, Williams J, Owen MJ, O'Donovan MC | title = A functional polymorphism in the succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family, member A1) gene is associated with cognitive ability | journal = Molecular Psychiatry | volume = 9 | issue = 6 | pages = 582–6 | date = Jun 2004 | pmid = 14981524 | doi = 10.1038/sj.mp.4001441 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kang JH, Park YB, Huh TL, Lee WH, Choi MS, Kwon OS | title = High-level expression and characterization of the recombinant enzyme, and tissue distribution of human succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase | journal = Protein Expression and Purification | volume = 44 | issue = 1 | pages = 16–22 | date = Nov 2005 | pmid = 16199352 | doi = 10.1016/j.pep.2005.03.019 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Blasi P, Palmerio F, Aiello A, Rocchi M, Malaspina P, Novelletto A | title = SSADH variation in primates: intra- and interspecific data on a gene with a potential role in human cognitive functions | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-molecular-evolution_2006-07_63_1/page/54 | journal = Journal of Molecular Evolution | volume = 63 | issue = 1 | pages = 54–68 | date = Jul 2006 | pmid = 16786440 | doi = 10.1007/s00239-005-0154-8 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Knerr I, Pearl PL, Bottiglieri T, Snead OC, Jakobs C, Gibson KM | title = Therapeutic concepts in succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH; ALDH5a1) deficiency (gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria). Hypotheses evolved from 25 years of patient evaluation, studies in Aldh5a1-/- mice and characterization of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid pharmacology | journal = Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease | volume = 30 | issue = 3 | pages = 279–94 | date = Jun 2007 | pmid = 17457693 | doi = 10.1007/s10545-007-0574-2 }}
{{refend}}


[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]]</text>
      <sha1>i27a3j6r17uy3f0fthmwm4atb9w1zms</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family, member A1</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62262</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637712</id>
      <parentid>632079</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:13:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637712</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1786" sha1="bryqubj0vfce4gif8bssi3a0yzfd9z7" xml:space="preserve">'''4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase''' jẹ́ enzyme nínú ara àwọn ènìyàn tí ALDH9A1 gene máa ń kóòdù fún.&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid8112751&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=McPherson JD, Wasmuth JJ, Kurys G, Pietruszko R|title=Human aldehyde dehydrogenase: chromosomal assignment of the gene for the isozyme that metabolizes gamma-aminobutyraldehyde|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_human-genetics_1994-02_93_2/page/211|journal=Hum Genet|volume=93|issue=2|pages=211–2|date=Mar 1994|pmid=8112751|pmc=|doi=10.1007/bf00210615}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid8786138&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Lin SW, Chen JC, Hsu LC, Hsieh CL, Yoshida A|title=Human gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH9): cDNA sequence, genomic organization, polymorphism, chromosomal localization, and tissue expression|journal=Genomics|volume=34|issue=3|pages=376–80|date=Sep 1996|pmid=8786138|pmc=|doi=10.1006/geno.1996.0300}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;entrez&quot;&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=223 &quot;Entrez Gene: ALDH9A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family, member A1&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128075607/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&amp;Cmd=ShowDetailView&amp;TermToSearch=223 |date=2018-11-28 }}.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Z3988&quot; title=&quot;ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAldehyde+dehydrogenase+9+family%2C+member+A1&amp;rft.btitle=Entrez+Gene%3A+ALDH9A1+aldehyde+dehydrogenase+9+family%2C+member+A1&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3FDb%3Dgene%26Cmd%3DShowDetailView%26TermToSearch%3D223&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Ìwé àkàsíwájú ==


[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]]</text>
      <sha1>bryqubj0vfce4gif8bssi3a0yzfd9z7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Anelloviridae</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62294</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637714</id>
      <parentid>632151</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:29:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637714</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2893" sha1="ip5dvxuduppjn0e4ds2jbu8bdifgbic" xml:space="preserve">{{Taxobox | color              = violet
| name               = Anellovirus
| image              =
| image_caption      =
| virus_group        = ii
| familia            = '''''Anelloviridae'''''
| subdivision_ranks  = Genera
| subdivision        =[[Alphatorquevirus]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Betatorquevirus]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Gammatorquevirus]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Deltatorquevirus]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Epsilontorquevirus]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Etatorquevirus]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Iotatorquevirus]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Thetatorquevirus]]&lt;br&gt;
[[Zetatorquevirus]]
}}

'''''Anelloviridae''''' jẹ́  ẹbí àwọn àkóràn kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí afàìsàn kan tí a ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ mọ́. Wọ́n kàwọ́n sí àkóràn kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí afàìsàn tí ó légungun tí ó sì ní ẹ̀wù ìdáàbòbò tí o gbó dáradára, tí ó rí róbótó, tí igun rẹ̀ jọ ara wọn, pẹ̀lú ogún igun tó jọrawọn. Àwọn ẹ̀yà wọ̀n yí jẹ́  àkóràn kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí afàìsàn ti ''torque teno '' (ìdílé ''Alphatorquevirus'').&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid19735552&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Vasilyev EV, Trofimov DY, Tonevitsky AG, Ilinsky VV, Korostin DO, Rebrikov DV|title=Torque Teno Virus (TTV) distribution in healthy Russian population|journal=Virology Journal|volume=6|issue=|pages=134|year=2009|pmid=19735552|pmc=2745379|doi=10.1186/1743-422X-6-134}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== Iye jíìnì tó ní ==
Iye jíìnì ẹ̀ ko pín sí wẹ́wẹ́ tí ó sì ní molecule róbóto, pẹ̀lú apá DNA kan. Gbogbo iye jíìnì rè. jẹ́ bíi  3000 sí 4000 gígun ne nucleotide.&lt;ref&gt;ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.107.0.01. &lt;/ref&gt;
== Ìlera ==
Anellovirus jẹ́ àwọn ẹ̀yà tí ó wọ́pọ̀ tí ó sì pé oríṣiríṣi. Wọ́n maa ń fa àkóràn  nlá tí a kò tíì mọ ìbáṣepọ̀ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àìsàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid20497515&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bernardin F, Operskalski E, Busch M, Delwart E|title=Transfusion transmission of highly prevalent commensal human viruses|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_transfusion_2010-11_50_11/page/2474|journal=Transfusion|volume=50|issue=11|pages=2474–2483|date=May 2010|pmid=20497515|doi=10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02699.x}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ẹbí mẹta ni ó ní  ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú àkóràn ènìya: kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí ti Torque teno (TTV), kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí pélébé ti Torque teno midi (TTMDV) àti kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí mini ti (TTMV).

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
== Àwọn àjápọ̀ latì ìta ==
* [//www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?mode=&amp;term=Anellovirus Anellovirus] ní National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings&lt;span&gt; (MeSH)&lt;/span&gt;
* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.107.0.01.htm ICTVdb] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091003142624/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.107.0.01.htm |date=2009-10-03 }}
* [http://www.expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_protein/772.html Viral Zone]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]]</text>
      <sha1>ip5dvxuduppjn0e4ds2jbu8bdifgbic</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Betatorquevirus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62295</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637724</id>
      <parentid>506443</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T03:29:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637724</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2081" sha1="b5a4wyehevreoyygge3g2wk0u9e5wbv" xml:space="preserve">{{Taxobox | color              = violet
| name               = Betatorquevirus
| image              =
| image_caption      =
| virus_group        = ii
| ordo               = ''Unassigned''
| familia            = ''[[Anelloviridae]]''
| genus              = '''''Betatorquevirus'''''
| subdivision_ranks = Àwọn ẹ̀yà
| subdivision = 
*''kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí pélébé ti Torque teno''
}}
'''''Betatorquevirus'''''  jẹ́ idile àwọn àkóràn kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí afàìsàn kan tí a ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ mọ́ ni ebi ''[[Anelloviridae]]'', ní ẹgbẹ́ II in the Baltimore classification. Ó ṣàkójọpọ̀ ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn àkóràn kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí tí a mọ̀ tẹ́lè sí TLMV, TTV-like Minivirus tàbí àwọn kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí midi ti Torque teno pélébé 

Àwọn tí ó wà ní ìdílé Betatorquevirus ni àwọn  kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí pélébé ti Torque teno 1–9.

== Ìlera ==

Lati àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ti parapneumonic empyema àwọn kòkòrò àìlèfojúrí pélébé ti Torque teno ti di fífàyọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Galmès2012&quot;&gt;Galmès J, Li Y, Rajoharison A, Ren L, Dollet S, Richard N, Vernet G, Javouhey E, Wang J, Telles JN, Paranhos-Baccalà G (2012) Potential implication of new torque teno mini viruses in parapneumonic empyema in children. &lt;/ref&gt; Ìbáṣepọ̀ rẹ̀ nínú ìlera kó tíì yéwa.

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Àwọn àjápọ̀ látìta ==
* [http://www.ictvonline.org ICTV Virus Taxonomy 2009]
* [http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/675063 UniProt Taxonomy]
* [//www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2011/MB_cgi?mode=&amp;term=Anellovirus Anellovirus]&lt;span&gt; at the US National Library of Medicine &lt;/span&gt;Medical Subject Headings&lt;span&gt; (MeSH)&lt;/span&gt;
* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.107.0.01.htm ICTVdb] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091003142624/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.107.0.01.htm |date=2009-10-03 }}
* [http://www.expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/774.html ViralZone: Betatorquevirus]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]]</text>
      <sha1>b5a4wyehevreoyygge3g2wk0u9e5wbv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Arárọ̀míre</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62457</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637717</id>
      <parentid>594032</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:43:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637717</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4280" sha1="bsszombx38wf4ug97x5zehqr0nf99qx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox film
| name           = The Figurine: Araromire
| alt            =
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| director       = [[Kunle Afolayan]]
| producer       = Golden Effects
| writer         = [[Kemi Adesoye]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/Articl.aspx?theartic=Art200908151455682|title=Kunle Afolayan - Review of The Figurine|publisher=The Punch Online|access-date=13 April 2010|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}{{Dead link|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| narrator       = [[Lagbaja]]
| starring       = [[Ramsey Nouah]]&lt;br&gt;[[Omoni Oboli]]&lt;br&gt;[[Kunle Afolayan]]&lt;br&gt;[[Funlola Aofiyebi|Funlola Aofiyebi-Raimi]]&lt;br&gt;Tosin Sido
| music          = &lt;br&gt;Wale Waves
| cinematography = [[Yinka Edward]]
| editing        = {{unbulleted list|Kayode Adeleke|Steve Sodiya}}
| studio         = Golden Effects Studios &lt;br&gt; Jungle FilmWorks
| distributor    = Golden Effects Pictures
| released       = {{Film date|2009|2|6|[[International Film Festival Rotterdam|IFFR]]|2009|10|2|Nigeria|df=yes}}
| runtime        = 122 minutes
| country        = Nigeria
| language       = {{unbulleted list|English|Yoruba}}
| budget         = [[Nigerian naira|₦]]50&lt;ref name=&quot;variety&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.variety.com/article/VR1118020218.html?categoryid=1019&amp;cs=1|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121106011805/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118020218.html?categoryid=1019&amp;cs=1|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 November 2012|title=Nigerian helmer leads 'New Nollywood'|last=Vourlias|first=Christopher|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|publisher=[[Reed Business Information]]|access-date=9 August 
2010|location=New York, USA|date=5 June 2010}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;- 70 million&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads/the-figurine-raises-the-bar-of-nigerian-filmmaking.34858/|title=The Figurine raises the bar of Nigerian filmmaking|publisher=Naija rules|access-date=30 September 2009|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203060020/http://www.naijarules.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fthe-figurine-raises-the-bar-of-nigerian-filmmaking.34858%2F|archive-date=3 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| gross          = ₦30,000,000 (domestic gross) &lt;ref name=&quot;Naij&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.naij.com/31426.html|title='Half Of A Yellow Sun' Confirmed As Nollywood's Most Expensive Movie|publisher=Naij|access-date=18 April 2013|location=Lagos, Nigeria|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131210123707/http://news.naij.com/31426.html|archive-date=10 December 2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

'''''The Figurine: Arárọ̀míre''''' jẹ́ eré amóhùn máwòrán tí ójáde ní ọdún 2009 tí Kemi Adesoye kọ, tí [[Kunle Afolayan]] ṣàgbéjáde àti atọ́kùn, rẹ̀ tí ó sì tún kópa nínu rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkan gbọ̀n. [[Ramsey Nouah]] àti [[Omoni Oboli]] kópa nínú rẹ̀.

Eré yìí sọ ìtàn àwọn ọ̀ré méjì tí wọ́n rí ère alágbára ní ojúbọ tí wọ́n ti pa tì nínú igbó nígbà tí wọ́n ń ṣàgùnbánirọ̀, tí ìkan nínú wọn gbé ère yìí lọlé. Láìmọ̀ pé ère Arárọ̀míre tí ó maa ń gbé ire fún ènìyàn tí ó bá ri fún ọdún meje pẹlú ìyà ọdún méje míràn tí ó tẹ̀le. Ayé àwọn ọ̀ré méjì yìí bẹ̀ẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní dára, tí wọ́n sì ń ní ìlọsíwájú àti ìgbéga nínú iṣẹ́ àti okùn òwò wọn. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, lẹ́yìn ọdú méje yìí, Gbogbo nkan bẹ̀ẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní dàrú fún wọn.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web&quot;&gt;Folch, Christine. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/weekend-starter/4445-a-review-of-kunle-afolayans-award-winning-movie-figurine|title=A review of Kunle Afolayan’s award-winning movie, Figurine|last=Idowu|first=Ayo|date=23 April 2010|work=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|accessdate=10 March 2011|location=Ibadan, Nigeria|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100506025225/http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/weekend-starter/4445-a-review-of-kunle-afolayans-award-winning-movie-figurine|archivedate=6 May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyọkà kúkurú]]</text>
      <sha1>bsszombx38wf4ug97x5zehqr0nf99qx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mary Tyler Moore</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>65715</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637825</id>
      <parentid>586758</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:48:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637825</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5142" sha1="7utqcwd6hn5c566ecz4y624jk9lh37r" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Mary Tyler Moore|image=Mary Tyler Moore sitting before dressing table, 1978 (Cropped).jpg &lt;!--See talk page before changing image. There is a consensus to use a black and white photo rather than the 2011 photo on the talk page --&gt;|caption=Moore in 1978|birth_date={{Birth date|1936|12|29}}|birth_place=[[New York City]], U.S.|death_date={{death date and age|2017|1|25|1936|12|29}}|death_place=[[Greenwich, Connecticut]], U.S.|resting_place=[[Oak Lawn Cemetery (Fairfield, Connecticut)|Oak Lawn Cemetery]],&lt;br /&gt;[[Fairfield, Connecticut]], U.S.|occupation={{hlist|Actress|producer|activist}}|education=[[Immaculate Heart High School (Los Angeles)|Immaculate Heart High School]]|years_active=1955–2013|height={{convert|5|ft|7|in|m}}|spouse={{ubl|{{marriage|Richard Meeker|1955|1962|end=div}}|{{marriage|[[Grant Tinker]]|1962|1981|end=div}}|{{marriage|Robert Levine|1983}}}}|children=1|signature=Mary Tyler Moore signature.svg}}'''Mary Tyler Moore''' (december 29, 1936 – January 25, 2017) jẹ́ òṣère ará ìlú Amẹ́rícà, olùdarí, àti alágbàwí àwùjọ. A mọ̀ọ́ sí ipa rẹ̀ tí ó kó nínú eré ''The Dick Van Dyke Show'' (1961–1966) àti pàá pàá ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' (1970–1977), èyí tí &quot;ó ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ láti fi túmọ àfojúsùn tuntun fún àwọn obìnrin ilẹ̀ amẹ́ríka&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT01&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Mary Jo Murphy|date=January 25, 2017|title=Sex and That '70s Single Woman, Mary Tyler Moore|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/25/arts/television/mary-tyler-moore-show-moments.html|url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti  &quot;bẹ̀bẹ̀ sí olùgbọ́ tí ó dojúkọ ìṣòro tuntun ti ayé òde &quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2017-01-25|title=Mary Tyler Moore obituary|url=http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2017/jan/25/mary-tyler-moore-obituary|access-date=2022-03-01|website=the Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Kohen, Yael. [https://books.google.com/books?id=wUj4QgKBwaIC&amp;pg=PR19 ''We Killed: The Rise of Women in American Comedy''] New York: Macmillan, 2012. p. xix. {{ISBN|9780374287238}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Carrigan, Henry C., Jr. &quot;Mary Tyler Moore (1936– )&quot; in Sickels, Robert C. (ed.) [https://books.google.com/books?id=kXCjAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA409 ''100 Entertainers Who Changed America: An Encyclopedia of Pop Culture Luminaries: An Encyclopedia of Pop Culture Luminaries''] ABC-CLIO, 2013. p. 409. {{ISBN|9781598848311}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Chan, Amanda, [http://www.nbcnews.com/id/43008034/ns/health-health_care/t/whats-meningioma-science-mary-tyler-moores-brain-tumor/ &quot;What's a meningioma? The science of Mary Tyler Moore's brain tumor&quot;] NBCNews.com (May 12, 2011).&lt;/ref&gt; Moore won ja wé  seven [[Primetime Emmy Awards]] and three [[Golden Globe Awards]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mary Tyler Moore|url=https://www.goldenglobes.com/person/mary-tyler-moore|access-date=2022-03-01|website=www.goldenglobes.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mary Tyler Moore|url=https://www.emmys.com/bios/mary-tyler-moore|access-date=2022-03-01|website=Television Academy|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n yàn án fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ̀ Academy Award fún òṣèrébìnrin tó dára jù lọ fún fíìmù ''[[Ordinary People]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;RStoneSeriously&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|title=But Seriously: 18 Comedians Who Went Dramatic for Oscar|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/lists/18-comedians-who-went-serious-for-oscar-20150213/mary-tyler-moore-ordinary-people-1980-20150212|access-date=October 20, 2015|magazine=Rolling Stone|archive-date=February 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202061312/http://www.rollingstone.com/movies/lists/18-comedians-who-went-serious-for-oscar-20150213/mary-tyler-moore-ordinary-people-1980-20150212|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=McGee|first1=Scott|title=Ordinary People|url=http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/18955%7C0/Ordinary-People.html|publisher=Turner Classic Movies, Inc.|access-date=January 25, 2017|archive-date=January 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170128125102/http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/18955%7C0/Ordinary-People.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Darrach, Brad; MacKay, Kathy; Wilhelm, Maria; and Reilly, Sue. [http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20078109,00.html &quot;Life Spirals Out Of Control For A Regular Family&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319005520/http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20078109,00.html|date=March 19, 2016}} ''[[People (magazine)|People]]'' (December 15, 1980).&lt;/ref&gt; Moore kópa nínú fíìmù olórin, tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''Thoroughly Modern Millie''. Moore jẹ́ àjàfẹ́tọ̀ọ́-ọmọnìyàn, elétò ìlera àti olùṣèwádìí.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Moore|1995|pp=27–28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Mary Tyler Moore obituary|work=[[The Guardian]]|first=Michael|last=Carlson|date=January 25, 2017|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2017/jan/25/mary-tyler-moore-obituary}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtókasí==
{{reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré fílmù ará Amẹ́ríkà]]

{{commonscat|Mary Tyler Moore}}

{{igbesiaye|1936|Moore, Mary Tyler}}</text>
      <sha1>7utqcwd6hn5c566ecz4y624jk9lh37r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lola Ogunnaike</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>66524</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637813</id>
      <parentid>589182</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:21:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637813</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5507" sha1="8wss9dfb5i9y3ij8sv3j2hzro75ld0p" xml:space="preserve">
{{Merge|Lọlá Ògúnnáìkè}}

{{Infobox person|name=Lola Ogunnaike|birth_date={{birth date and age|1975|09|13}}|birth_place=[[New York City]]|nationality=[[Americans|American]]|alma mater=[[New York University]]&lt;br&gt;[[University of Virginia]]|alma_mater=[[New York University]]&lt;br&gt;[[University of Virginia]]|occupation=[[Journalist]]|employer=[[Arise News]]|spouse=Deen Solebo|children=1}}'''Lọlá Ògúnnáìkè  '''jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tó tún jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà (American) tí ó jẹ́ amúlùúdùn àti oníròyìn ní ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà'''.'''

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n bí Lọlá ní ojo ketala osu kesan odun 1975 (September 13, 1975) ní ilu [[New York|New York City]] amo awon obi re mejeji je omo orile ede [[Nàìjíríà|Naijiria]]. O jade nile eko J.E.B. Stuart High School ni Fairfax, ilu Virginia. O gba oyeko  eko-keji ninu ise  iroyin ni ile-eko agba ti New York University , nigba ti oye o ti koko gba oye imo akoko  ninu imo Litireso Geesi (English literature) nile eko agba University of Virginia.

== Ìgbòkè-gbodò iṣé rẹ̀ ==
Ògúnnáìkè bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí oníròyìn ní ọdún1999 nípa ṣíṣe ìròyìn amúlùúdùn àti àwọn àṣà míràn tó bá jẹ yọ. Bákan náà ni ó ń jábọ̀ ìròyìn fún ile iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ti [[The New York Times|New York Times]] tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀gá ní ẹ̀ka ìròyìn amúlùúdùn tí ó ń ṣe pẹ̀lú bí ó ṣe dajú kọ àwọn olórin ilè Amẹ́ríkà ọlọ́kan ò jọ̀kan  bíi: [[Jennifer Lopez]], Ozwald Boateng, [[Oprah Winfrey]], tí ó sì ń kọ àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ kóríyá nípa &quot;Àṣà àti Ìsinmi&quot; lápá kan inú ìwé ìròyìn náà. Bákan náà ló tún jẹ́ akọ̀ròyìn fún ìwé ìròyìn  &quot;Vibe magazine&quot;, ní èyí tí ó fi ń dá sí àwọn ìròyìn olóṣooṣù nípa orin àti àwọn ìròyìn tó jẹ mọ́ tàwọn ọ̀kọrin gbogbo. Ó sì tún kọ ìròyìn fún ìwé ìròyìn bíi: Rolling Stone, New York, Glamour, Details (magazine), Nylon, &quot;New York Observer&quot; àti &quot;V Magazine&quot;. Ó sì tún wà lára àwọn ikọ̀ tí ó fọ̀rọ̀ wá aya olórí orílẹ̀ èdè Amẹ́ríkà tẹ́lè ̣rí lẹ́nu wò ìyẹn: [[Michelle Obama]] lórí àbẹ̀wò rẹ̀ sí orílẹ̀ èdè [[Gúúsù Áfríkà|South Africa]]. Lọlá tún jẹ́ ajábọ̀ ìròyìn fún &quot;New York Daily News&quot;,&quot;NOW,&quot; &quot;Rush,  lórí ìròyin pàjáwìrì tí ó jẹ mọ́ ti amúlùud́ùn àti &quot;Molloy&quot; bákan náà ni ó tún jẹ́ ajábọ̀ ìròyìn fún ilé iṣẹ́ agbóhùn sáfẹ́fẹ́ ti CNN’s “American Morning&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ann Powers|author=Ann Powers|year=2010|title=Best Music Writing|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=CskBAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA326&amp;dq=lola+ogunnaike+at+CNN&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CDIQ6AEwBWoVChMI3saW68D3xwIVITrbCh1KSA-j|publisher=Da Capo Press|isbn=978-0-306-8192-54|ISBN=978-0-306-8192-54}}&lt;/ref&gt; níbi tí ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ láti ọdún 2007 tí tí di 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Inc. Real Times Media|author=Inc. Real Times Media|last2=Charles Rangel|author2=Charles Rangel|year=2009|title=Who's Who in Black New York City: The Inaugural Edition|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=BN8iAQAAMAAJ&amp;q=lola+ogunnaike+at+new+york+times&amp;dq=lola+ogunnaike+at+new+york+times&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CD0Q6AEwBzgKahUKEwj5luqpv_fHAhUDGNsKHWVGCtM|publisher=Who's Who Publishing Company (Northwestern University)|isbn=978-1-933-8795-50|ISBN=978-1-933-8795-50}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ronald H. Bayor|author=Ronald H. Bayor|title=Multicultural America: An Encyclopedia of the Newest Americans|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=YN9jC2_7UHYC&amp;pg=PA1641&amp;dq=lola+ogunnaike+at+the+new+york+times&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CEsQ6AEwCWoVChMI_sW0lL_3xwIVZQvbCh0zFQ6d#v=onepage&amp;q=lola%20ogunnaike%20at%20the%20new%20york%20times&amp;f=false|page=1641|publisher=ABC-CLIO, 2011|isbn=9780313357879|ISBN=9780313357879}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lọlá ti hàn lórí àwọn ètò ọlọ́kan ò jọ̀kan orí ẹrọ amóhùn-máwòrán bíi: NBC’s today Show, MTV àti VH1. Wọ́n kàá ní oṣù karùn ún ọdún 2007  (May 2007) mọ́ àwọn obìnrin aláwọ̀ dúdú tí ó nípa jùlọ ní ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà (Ebony’s ‘150 Most Influential Blacks in America”). Lọ́wọ́ lọ́wọ́ báyìí, òun ni ó dá Arise Entertainment 360 sile

== ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ ==
Òun ni ìyàwó fún Deen Ṣólebọ, tí wọ́n sì bí ọmọ ọkùnrin kan ṣoṣo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=December 23, 2014|title=It’s a Boy! Lola Ogunnaike Shares a Picture of Her Bundle of Joy, Elias OluwaDairo Solebo|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/12/23/its-a-boy-lola-ogunnaike-shares-a-picture-of-her-bundle-of-joy-elias-oluwadairo-solebo/|publisher=Bella Naija|accessdate=September 15, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bet.com/shows/106-and-park/news/lola-ogunnaike-speaks-on-young-africa.html|website=BET|title=Lola Ogunnaike Speaks on Young Africa: Nigerian-American journalist will travel to Africa with first lady Michelle Obama and host a BET special.|accessdate=September 15, 2015|archive-date=November 21, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121003349/http://www.bet.com/shows/106-and-park/news/lola-ogunnaike-speaks-on-young-africa.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́ka sí ==
{{reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1975]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]</text>
      <sha1>8wss9dfb5i9y3ij8sv3j2hzro75ld0p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lọlá Ògúnnáìkè</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>66525</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637814</id>
      <parentid>589183</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:26:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637814</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5763" sha1="6hokudy444dknvl1zc5g45zcyssb8ep" xml:space="preserve">{{Merge|Lola Ogunnaike}}
{{Infobox person|name=Lola Ogunnaike|birth_date={{birth date and age|1975|09|13}}|birth_place=[[New York City]]|nationality=[[Americans|American]]|alma mater=[[New York University]]&lt;br&gt;[[University of Virginia]]|alma_mater=[[New York University]]&lt;br&gt;[[University of Virginia]]|occupation=[[Journalist]]|employer=[[Arise News]]|spouse=Deen Solebo|children=1}}'''Lọlá Ògúnnáìkè  '''jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tó tún jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà (American) tí ó jẹ́ amúlùúdùn àti oníròyìn ní ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà'''.'''

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n bí Lọlá ní ojo ketala osu kesan odun 1975 (September 13, 1975) ní ilú [[New York|New York City]] àmọ́ àwọn òbí rẹ̀ méjèjì jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè [[Nàìjíríà|Nàìjíría]]̀. Ó jáde nílé ẹ̀kọ́ J.E.B. Stuart High School ní Fairfax, ìlú [[Virginia]]. Ó gba oyè ẹ̀kọ́-kejì nínú iṣẹ́  ìròyìn ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ àgbà ti New York University , nígbà tí ó ti kọ́kọ́ gba oyè ìmọ̀ àkọ́kọ́  nínú ìmọ̀ [[Lítíréṣọ̀]] Gẹ̀ẹ́sì (English literature) nílé ẹ̀kọ́ àgbà University of Virginia.

== Ìgbòkè-gbodò iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Ògúnnáìkè bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí oníròyìn ní ọdún1999 nípa ṣíṣe ìròyìn amúlùúdùn àti àwọn àṣà míràn tó bá jẹ yọ. Bákan náà ni ó ń jábọ̀ ìròyìn fún ile iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ti [[The New York Times|New York Times]] tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀gá ní ẹ̀ka ìròyìn amúlùúdùn tí ó ń ṣe pẹ̀lú bí ó ṣe dajú kọ àwọn olórin ilè Amẹ́ríkà ọlọ́kan ò jọ̀kan  bíi: [[Jennifer Lopez]], Ozwald Boateng, [[Oprah Winfrey]], tí ó sì ń kọ àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ kóríyá nípa &quot;Àṣà àti Ìsinmi&quot; lápá kan inú ìwé ìròyìn náà. Bákan náà ló tún jẹ́ akọ̀ròyìn fún ìwé ìròyìn  &quot;Vibe magazine&quot;, ní èyí tí ó fi ń dá sí àwọn ìròyìn olóṣooṣù nípa orin àti àwọn ìròyìn tó jẹ mọ́ tàwọn ọ̀kọrin gbogbo. Ó sì tún kọ ìròyìn fún ìwé ìròyìn bíi: Rolling Stone, New York, Glamour, Details (magazine), Nylon, &quot;New York Observer&quot; àti &quot;V Magazine&quot;. Ó sì tún wà lára àwọn ikọ̀ tí ó fọ̀rọ̀ wá aya olórí orílẹ̀ èdè Amẹ́ríkà tẹ́lè ̣rí lẹ́nu wò ìyẹn: [[Michelle Obama]] lórí àbẹ̀wò rẹ̀ sí orílẹ̀ èdè [[Gúúsù Áfríkà|South Africa]]. Lọlá tún jẹ́ ajábọ̀ ìròyìn fún &quot;New York Daily News&quot;,&quot;NOW,&quot; &quot;Rush,  lórí ìròyin pàjáwìrì tí ó jẹ mọ́ ti amúlùud́ùn àti &quot;Molloy&quot; bákan náà ni ó tún jẹ́ ajábọ̀ ìròyìn fún ilé iṣẹ́ agbóhùn sáfẹ́fẹ́ ti CNN’s “American Morning&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=CskBAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA326&amp;dq=lola+ogunnaike+at+CNN&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CDIQ6AEwBWoVChMI3saW68D3xwIVITrbCh1KSA-j|title=Best Music Writing|year=2010|author=Ann Powers|publisher=Da Capo Press|isbn=978-0-306-8192-54}}&lt;/ref&gt; níbi tí ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ láti ọdún 2007 tí tí di 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=BN8iAQAAMAAJ&amp;q=lola+ogunnaike+at+new+york+times&amp;dq=lola+ogunnaike+at+new+york+times&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CD0Q6AEwBzgKahUKEwj5luqpv_fHAhUDGNsKHWVGCtM|title=Who's Who in Black New York City: The Inaugural Edition|author=Inc. Real Times Media|author2=Charles Rangel|publisher=Who's Who Publishing Company (Northwestern University)|isbn=978-1-933-8795-50|year=2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=YN9jC2_7UHYC&amp;pg=PA1641&amp;dq=lola+ogunnaike+at+the+new+york+times&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CEsQ6AEwCWoVChMI_sW0lL_3xwIVZQvbCh0zFQ6d#v=onepage&amp;q=lola%20ogunnaike%20at%20the%20new%20york%20times&amp;f=false|page=1641|title=Multicultural America: An Encyclopedia of the Newest Americans|author=Ronald H. Bayor|publisher=ABC-CLIO, 2011|isbn=9780313357879}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lọlá ti hàn lórí àwọn ètò ọlọ́kan ò jọ̀kan orí ẹrọ amóhùn-máwòrán bíi: NBC’s today Show, MTV àti VH1. Wọ́n kàá ní oṣù karùn ún ọdún 2007  (May 2007) mọ́ àwọn obìnrin aláwọ̀ dúdú tí ó nípa jùlọ ní ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà (Ebony’s ‘150 Most Influential Blacks in America”). Lọ́wọ́ lọ́wọ́ báyìí, òun ni ó dá Arise Entertainment 360 sile

== ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ ==
Òun ni ìyàwó fún Deen Ṣólebọ, tí wọ́n sì bí ọmọ ọkùnrin kan ṣoṣo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/12/23/its-a-boy-lola-ogunnaike-shares-a-picture-of-her-bundle-of-joy-elias-oluwadairo-solebo/|title=It’s a Boy! Lola Ogunnaike Shares a Picture of Her Bundle of Joy, Elias OluwaDairo Solebo|publisher=Bella Naija|date=December 23, 2014|accessdate=September 15, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bet.com/shows/106-and-park/news/lola-ogunnaike-speaks-on-young-africa.html|website=BET|title=Lola Ogunnaike Speaks on Young Africa: Nigerian-American journalist will travel to Africa with first lady Michelle Obama and host a BET special.|accessdate=September 15, 2015|archive-date=November 21, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121003349/http://www.bet.com/shows/106-and-park/news/lola-ogunnaike-speaks-on-young-africa.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́ka sí ==
{{reflist}}

== Àwọn ìjápọ̀ ìta ==
{{cite web|url=http://lolaogunnaike.com/|title=Lola Ogunnaike's Official website|access-date=2018-05-14|archive-date=2018-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819174519/https://www.lolaogunnaike.com/|dead-url=yes}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1975]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]</text>
      <sha1>6hokudy444dknvl1zc5g45zcyssb8ep</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Angola</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66615</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637794</id>
      <parentid>636770</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:40:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>637794</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="57148" sha1="06a2onaak1pu89iau7skgy0w7e5ou02" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Member of the National Assembly of Angola who was Member of the National Assembly twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q20179557 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q20179557/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q20179557/P580:Start date,P39/Q20179557/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| [[José Eduardo dos Santos]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:José Eduardo dos Santos 2.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem (1980).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q369895|Isaías Samakuva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Isaias Samakuva April 2017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Paulo Kassoma]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Paulo Kassoma, 2011 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q424407|Akwá]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:FIFA World Cup 2006, Iran 1-1 Angola (07).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q962717|Paulo Teixeira Jorge]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q973742|Manuel Vicente]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Manuel Vicente 2014 DOS.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Lopo do Nascimento]]
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lopo do Nascimento.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1624159|Welwitschia dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Pọ́rtúgàl]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tchize dos santos.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2821497|Abel Epalanga Chivukuvuku]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2012-09-27
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Abel Chivukuvuku 2017.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2857736|António dos Santos França]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3069456|Fernando Faustino Muteka]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3181032|John Bella]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3187284|João Bernardo de Miranda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:João Bernardo de Miranda - 2005 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3268186|Luís Gomes Sambo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3375954|Maria Odeth Tavares]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3810723|João Melo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4733786|Almerindo Jaka Jamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4750344|Ana Dias Lourenço]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ana Dias Lourenço (cropp).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4777533|António Bento Bembe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4931550|Boaventura Cardoso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5044792|Carolina Cerqueira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Carolina Cerqueira - 1st Session of the OACPS-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5256370|Demosthenes Amos Chilingutila]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5350621|Ekuikui IV]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5483447|Francisco Lopes Higino Carneiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2008
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6280350|Josefina Pitra Diakité]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Josefina Pitra Diakite.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6305249|Julião Mateus Paulo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6444389|Kundy Paihama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6671916|Adriano Botelho de Vasconcelos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6696242|Lucas Ngonda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6752791|Manuel Pedro Pacavira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 2016-09-12
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6794396|Mawete João Baptista]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6844661|Miguel Maria N'Zau Puna]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7022496|Ngola Kabangu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7160040|Pedro de Morais Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7199028|Pitra Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7351774|Roberto Leal Monteiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Leider van Angolese leger Luitenant kolonel Roberto Monteiro (bijnaam Ngongo) ti, Bestanddeelnr 932-0893.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q10323941|Manuel Antonio Rabelais]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q10365296|Ruy Mingas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q10387078|Uanhenga Xitu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11082410|Pedro Mutindi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-10-29
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Pedro Mutindi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13563288|Palmira Barbosa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q13563289|Filomena Trindade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14425057|Gustavo da Conceição]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15361222|Paulo Lukamba Gato]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2008
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16336949|Bornito de Sousa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2012-09-27
| 2022-08
| [[Fáìlì:Bornito de Sousa 2022.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16337620|Joana Lina]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16497857|Bento Joaquim Sebastião Francisco Bento]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Bento bento3.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18237182|Alberto do Carmo Bento Ribeiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Alberto Ribeiro, 1978.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20730292|David Mendes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29359461|Rafael Massanga Sakaita Savimbi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876330|Ananias Escórcio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 2016-04-01
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876705|Domingos João Ferreira Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876723|Guilhermina Contreiras da Costa Prata]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876771|Jeremias Dumbo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29876789|Victória Francisca Correia Da Conceição]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30345017|José Samuel Chiwale]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30345887|Ernesto Mulato]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ernesto Mulato.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q44812203|Maria Filomena de Fátima Lobão Telo Delgado]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51077235|Victória Izata]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883033|Isabel Peliganga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883162|Aldina da Lomba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883207|Adelina Chilica]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883208|Albertina Navemba Ngolo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883209|Carolina Cristina Elias]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883210|Cândida Celeste da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883212|Helena Bonguela Abel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883214|Josefina Gomes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883215|Luzia Inglês Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Luzia Inglês (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883315|Amélia Calumbo Quinta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883316|Amélia Judith Ernesto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883317|Ana Ndala Fernando]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883318|Arlete Chimbinda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Arletechimbinda.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883319|Clarice Mukinda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883320|Eduarda Magalhães]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883321|Elvira Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883322|Josefa da Assunção]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883324|Júlia Agostinho Celeste]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883325|Luísa Damião]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883327|Madalena Hanosike]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883328|Maria Ornelas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883329|Maria Correia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883330|Mariana Afonso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883331|Michaela Kopumi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883332|Miraldina Jamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883333|Nazaré Mendes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883334|Odete Domingos dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883335|Ruth Adriano Mendes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883339|Suzana Augusto de Melo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883340|Teresa Chipia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883342|Yolanda de Sousa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51883409|Maria Valente]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224001|Cesinanda Narciso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224006|Maria Vitória Chivukuvuku]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224014|Regina Eduardo Txipoia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224023|Eulália Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52224026|Eugénia Gaspar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53850376|Maria Mutunda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824055|Amália Maria Alexandre]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824056|Anabela Caiovo Gunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824057|Angélica Nené Curita]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824060|Ansia Camuanga Correia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824061|Bibiana Nandombua]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824062|Dulce Ginga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824063|Emília Dias]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824064|Ermelinda Máquina]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824065|Evelize Fresta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824066|Joana Conceição]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824077|Luciana Rafael]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824078|Maria Taveya]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824081|Maria Escovalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824082|Maria Fortes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824083|Odeth Ludovina Baca Joaquim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824084|Rebeca Muaca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824085|Teresa de Jesus Gonçalves]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q54824097|Maria Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56347304|Pedro Agostinho de Neri]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59102914|Anibal Lopes Rocha]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59164229|Abel Xavier Nzuzi Lubota]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2023-12-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59164305|Adalberto Costa Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Adalberto Costa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59180409|Abel Lourenço Chocolate]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59180465|Adriano Abel Sapinãla]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209455|Adriano Meireles Patrocínio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2023-04-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209460|Adérito Jaime Fernandes Kandambo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209550|Alberto Francisco Ngalanela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209555|Alcides Sakala Simões]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209560|Alexandre Sebastião André]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59209566|Alfredo Junqueira Dala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59283394|Alberto Paulino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59283395|Alicerces Paulo Bartolomeu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59283398|Amilcar Campos Colela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59660256|Américo António Cuononoca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59660258|Anastácio Artur Ruben Sicato]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59660259|André Gaspar Mendes de Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59660331|Antónino Filipe Tchiyulo Jeremias]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60440504|Raúl Danda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60865113|Manuel Domingos Augusto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Foreign Minister Augusto (47420242361) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60983576|Cândido Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61014621|Henrique Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61014623|Joaquim David]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61017245|José Joana André]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2018-10-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61020491|João Kussumua]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61960012|Roberto Francisco de Almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Roberto de Almeida 710.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97482111|Jorge Inocêncio Dombolo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97496861|Ernesto Muangala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105072183|Paula Simons]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105491321|Isaac Francisco Maria dos Anjos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105491332|Julio Bessa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105491346|Pedro Sebastião]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105491350|Salomão José Luheto Xirimbimbi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108391566|Sérgio de Sousa Mendes dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109984869|João Ernesto dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:João Ernesto dos Santos, Defense Minister of Angola during a bilateral exchange at the Pentagon on May 28, 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109984872|Faustina Fernandes Inglês de Almeida Alves]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111517202|Virgílio Ferreira de Fontes Pereira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2018-10-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111517205|Pinda Simão]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2020-11-19
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111937228|Armando da Cruz Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954380|Genoveva da Conceição Lino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954382|Manuel Gonçalves Muandumba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954386|João Baptista Ngandagina]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954409|Manuel Nunes Junior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954414|Maria Ângela Teixeira Bragança]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111954426|Victoria Francisco Lopes de Barros Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974236|Agostinho Ndjaka]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974237|António dos Santos Filipe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974238|António Evaristo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974239|António Feliciano Ferreira Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974240|Araújo Macyke Pena]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974241|Armando Capunda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974242|Augusto Pedro Makuta Nkondo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974243|Benedito Daniel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974244|Bento Raimundo Kandala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974245|Carlos Tiago Kandanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974246|Celso Eduardo Torres Capingãla]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974248|Cândida Maria Guilherme Narciso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974249|Daniel António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974250|Diamantino Domingos Mussocola]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974251|Diógenes Do Espírito Santo Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974252|Domingos Afonso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974253|Domingos Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974254|Eduardo Dumbo Delfino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974255|Eduardo Gomes Nelumba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974256|Elias Piedoso Chimuco]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974261|Estevão José Pedro Kachiungo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974265|Fele António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974266|Felino Job]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974267|Fernando Bartolomeu Cativa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974268|Francisco Boaventura Canjongo Chitapa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974269|Francisco Gaio Kakoma António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974270|Franco Meneses Marcolino Nhani]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974271|Félix Simão Lucas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974272|Gabriel Hilifavali]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974273|Gilberto Manuel Pereira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974276|Jesuíno Manuel da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974279|Joaquim António Carlos Reis Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974280|Joaquim Frederico D'almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974281|Joaquim José Migueis]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974282|Joaquim Nafoia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974283|Job Pedro Castelo Capapinha]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974284|Jorge Miguêns Augusto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974705|Daniel José Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974707|Desidério da Graça Mpingue Kalenga Wapota]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974708|Domingos Kajama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974709|Domingos Martins Ngola]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974710|Domingos Paulino Dembele]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974712|Eduardo Kuangana]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974713|Elioth Wongimba Ekolelo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974714|Elisa Kata]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974715|Eliseu Segunda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974716|Elsa Maria da Conceição Ambriz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974717|Emílio José Homem Gomes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974718|Eugénia Tamar Semente Chiaca Ngandalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974719|Eugênio Antonino Ngolo Manuvakola]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974720|Eva Quibuba Cangudi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974721|Exalgina Reneé Vicente Olavo Gambôa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974722|Fernando Domingos Heitor da Costa Francisco]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974723|Filipe Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974724|Florentino Gabriel Sambundo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974725|Francisca de Fátima Do Espírito Santo Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974726|Francisco Alberto Carlos Mendes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974727|Francisco de Castro Maria]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974728|Francisco José Ramos da Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974729|Francisco Magalhães Paiva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974731|Gabinete Local Do Moxico]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974732|Garcia Vieira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974733|Gerdina Ulipamue Didalelwa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974734|Graciana Eugénia Manuel Pedro Neves Caetano]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974735|Guilhermina Fundanga Manuel Mayer Alkaim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974737|Irene Alexandra da Silva Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974738|Joana Meta Fernandes dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974739|Josefa José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974740|Josefina Pandeinge Haleinge]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974741|José da Costa Uamuhana]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974742|José Diogo Ventura]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974743|José Mangovo Tomé]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974744|José Mário Katiti]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974745|João Marques Ntiama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974746|João Muatonguela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974747|Julião Francisco Teixeira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974748|Larissa Chiola Rosa José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974750|Leonor Esperança Gaspar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2015-01-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974751|Leonora Mbimbi de Morais]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974752|Lourenço Diogo Contreiras Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974754|Luis Reis Paulo Cuanga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974755|Manso João Miranda Pascoal]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974756|Manuel Augusto Fragata Morais]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974757|Manuel Figueira Calunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974758|Manuel Francisco Tuta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974760|Marcelina Huna Alexandre]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974761|Maria Buiti Makuala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974762|Maria Catarina Beúa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974763|Maria Do Rosário Amadeu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974764|Maria Isabel Camué]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974765|Maria José de Sousa Gouveia Alfredo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974767|Marta Beatriz Do Carmo Issungo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974768|Mfuca António Fuacaca Muzemba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974770|Mário António Quexigina Luandanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974771|Mártires Correia Victor]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974772|Nicolau Sapalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974773|Palmira Domingos Pascoal Bernardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974774|Panzo Joaquim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974775|Piedoso Chipindo Bonga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974776|Rodolfo da Ressurreição Bernardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974777|Rosária Ernesto da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974778|Sabina Napolo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974779|Serafina Miguel Emilia Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974781|Silvestre Gabriel Samy]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974782|Simão Geremias Boa Carroba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974783|Sofia Profírio Kassungo Mussonguela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-04-22
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974784|Suzana Pereira Bravo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974785|Sónia Moisés Nele]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974786|Valeriano Chimo Cassuaué]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974787|Yaba Pedro Alberto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974790|Ágata Maria Florinda Mbaka Raimundo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975093|Agostinho de Carvalho dos Santos Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2020-11-19&lt;br/&gt;2022-09-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975094|Amadeu Timóteo Malheiros de Amorim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-10-29
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975096|António Rodrigues Afonso Paulo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-04-22
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975097|Deolinda Tchocondoca Valiangula]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-12-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975098|Djamila Huguette da Silva de Almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-07-18
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975099|Eduardo Songuile Endome Faustino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-04-22
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975100|Eusébio de Brito Teixeira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-01-23
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975101|Ginga Afonso Miguel dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975103|José Maria Ferraz dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2019-01-23
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975104|João Marcelino Tyipinge]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975105|Manuel Domingos Taby]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2020-05-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975106|Manuel Muteba Muxito]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-11-17
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975107|Manuel Teodoro de Jesus Quarta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975108|Maria Augusta Leonel Correia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-10-27
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975109|Maria de Lourdes Roque Caposso Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975110|Paulo Horácio de Sequeira E Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975111|Rui Luís Falcão Pinto de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2021-04-22&lt;br/&gt;2022-09-16
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Rui Falcão press (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111975113|Álvaro Manuel de Boavida Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2018-10-12
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994368|Dumilde das Chagas Rangel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994389|José Amaro Tati]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994450|Adriano Mendes de Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994573|Francisco Sozinho Chihuissa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994576|Ernesto Fernando Kiteculo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994587|Cristóvão Domingos Francisco da Cunha]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111994591|Norberto Fernandes dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112042382|Frederico Manuel dos Santos e Silva Cardoso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974285|Jorge Ribeiro Uefu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974286|Jorge Vitorino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974288|José Alberto Quipungo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974289|José António Lopes Semedo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974290|José Artur Carmo Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974291|José Carlos Ilenga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974292|José Eduardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974293|José Francisco Tingão Pedro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974294|José Maria Jamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974295|José Miúdo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974296|José Miúdo Ndambuca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974297|José Moisés Cipriano]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974298|João António Lineha Muhembo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974299|João de Almeida Azevedo Martins]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974300|João Diogo Gaspar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2022-09-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974301|João Fernando Mucanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974302|João Garcia Quitas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974303|João José Guerra de Freitas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974304|João Luís Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974305|João Manuel Francisco]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974306|João Muzaza Caweza]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974307|João Segunda Ungaji]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974308|João Vicente Viemba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974309|Justino Feltro da Costa Pinto de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974311|Kilamba Kiuyima Sebastião Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974312|Leonel Gomes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974313|Liberty Marlin Dircéu Samuel Chiaka]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974314|Lindo Bernardo Tito]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974315|Lourenço Alberto Chungo Lumingo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974318|Luís de Oliveira Rasgado]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974319|Luís Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974323|Manuel António Gaspar Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974324|Manuel Armando da Costa Ekuikui]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974325|Manuel da Cruz Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2022-10-20
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974326|Manuel Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974327|Manuel Lopes Moniz Dembo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974328|Manuel Sampaio Mucanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974329|Manuel Savihemba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974331|Maria Do Carmo Assis Do Nascimento]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974336|Maria Luísa de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974339|Maria Teresa da Felicidade Cardoso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974341|Mateus Isabel Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974342|Maurílio Luciano Sabino Luiele]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974343|Mendes Bartolomeu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974347|Monteiro Pinto Kapunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974348|Morais António Neves Tomás]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974349|Mário Salomão]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974351|Nuno dos Anjos Caldas Albino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974352|Nvunda Benvindo Das Neves Salucombo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974354|Ovídio Pahula]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974355|Paulino Nzuzi Mpoloantinu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974356|Paulo Pombolo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974357|Pedro Augusto Conga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974358|Pedro Diavova]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974359|Pedro Makita Armando Júlia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974360|Pereira Alfredo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974361|Raúl Augusto Lima]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974363|Raúl Tati]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974365|Rosa Cacuhu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974367|Santa Simão Pedro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974369|Sediangani Mbimbi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974370|Serafim Maria Do Prado]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974371|Sikonda Lulendo Alexandre]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974372|Simão Albino António Dembo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974373|Sérgio Leonardo Vaz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974374|Sérgio Luther Rescova Joaquim]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974376|Tomás Simão da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974377|Veríssimo Sapalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974378|Vicente José da Costa Pinto de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974379|Victorino Nhany]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974381|Virgílio Pedro Samussongo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974382|Víctor Mário Chicua Kajibanga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974383|Vígilio da Ressureição Bernardo Adriano Tyova]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974385|Zacarias Davoca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974402|Mário Pinto de Andrade]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2017-09-28
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974677|Abílio José Augusto Kamalata Numa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974678|Adão Cristóvão Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974679|Afonso Maria Vaba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974680|Albertina Chitumbo Cuvango Limueta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974681|Albertina Cugingomoco Muxindo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974682|Albertina Teresa José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974683|Alexandre António Mota Coelho Moreira Bastos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974684|Alfredo Berner]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974685|Ana Maravilha Borges Alé Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974686|Ana Maria Manuel João Taveira José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974688|Anabela Manuel dos Santos Alberto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974690|Anatilde de Jesus de Oliveira Freire Campos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974691|Angelina Adolfo Macai]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974692|Anita Raquel Bela Filipe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974693|António Francisco Cortez]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974694|António Victorino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974696|Armando Dala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974697|Aurora Junjo Cassule]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974698|Carlos Alberto Ferreira Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974699|Carlos Alberto Pereira dos Santos Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974700|Carlos da Rocha Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974701|Carlos de Oliveira Fontoura]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974702|Carlos Domingues Bendinha de Almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974703|Cassongo João da Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111974704|Clarice Matilde Munga Kaputu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112042585|João Baptista Domingos Quiosa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112042671|Joao Miguel Vahekeni]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043495|Adelino Marques de Almeida]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043496|Adriana Sofia Cacuassa Bento]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043497|Adélia Maria Pires da Conceição de Carvalho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043498|Afonso Domingos Pedro Van-Dúnem]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043500|Alda Juliana Paulo Sachiambo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043501|Alfredo Furtado de Azevedo Júnior]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043502|Alice Paulina Dombolo Chivaca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043503|Amaro Cacoma da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043505|Ana Maria da Silva Sousa e Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043506|Ana Maria de Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043507|Ana Paula Cristóvão de Lemos dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043508|Anabela Trindade Jordão da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043509|Anabela da Graça Alexandre Leitão]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043514|António Daniel Ventura de Azevedo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043515|António Sambuquila]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043517|Beatriz Aurora Neves Salucombo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043518|Carla Maria Leitão Ribeiro de Sousa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043519|Carlito Roberto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043520|Carlos Francisco Conde]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043521|Carlos Magalhães]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043522|Catarina Pedro Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043524|Delfina Helena Inácio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043526|Edite Livila V. L. Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043527|Elias Satyohamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043528|Eufrazina Teresa da Costa Lopes Gomes Maiato]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043529|Feliciano Lizana Ozar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043530|Felisbina Bento dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043531|Fernando Jonasse]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043535|Guilherme Cango]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043536|Inês Baca Cassule Camela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043537|Isabel Helena da Costa Dala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043538|Isabel Nlandu Morena]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043540|Joaquim Wanga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043541|José Augusto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043542|José Manuel Chiwale]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043543|João Manuel Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043545|Júlio Tungo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043546|Luís Wachihassa Maiajala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043549|Lúcia Maria Tomás]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043551|Manuel Lourenço Rocha da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043552|Manuel Pedro de Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043553|Maria Eulália Andrade Camilo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043554|Maria Isabel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043555|Maria José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043556|Maria Madalena da Costa Narciso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043557|Maria Rosa de Lourdes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043558|Maria Sebastião Inácio Jerónimo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043559|Maria da Conceição Wimbo Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043560|Maria de Assunção Vahekeni do Rosário]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043561|Maria de Fátima Munhica António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043563|Meneses Clemente Cambinda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043564|Nimi Ya Simbi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043565|Nzola Pierre Mamona]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043566|Paulo Gime]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043567|Pedrito Cuchiri]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043568|Pedro Domingos Peterson]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043569|Quintino António Moreira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043571|Raul José de Barcelos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043572|Raul Manuel Danda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043575|Rosa Pedro Afonso Garcia]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043586|Sabonete Muancopotola]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043588|Sapalo António]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043589|Sara Luísa Mateus]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043626|Teresa de Jesus Cohen dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043627|Tito Chimona]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112043663|Víctor Pedro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113624589|Florbela Malaquías]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125167569|Sara Fialho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994806|Américo Kolonha Chivukuvuku]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994813|Agostinho Miquinho Domingos Casseça]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994814|Aia-Eza Nacília Gomes da Silva Troso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994815|Alberto José Catenda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994816|Alcides Severino Mbole Maiacala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994817|Alcino Jonas Kuvalela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994818|Álvaro Chikwamanga Daniel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994819|Amélia de Jesus Alberto Camunheira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994820|Amélia Lave Dias Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994821|Américo Carlos Wongo Samoma]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994822|Ana António Maria José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994823|Ana da Purificação Lara de Abreu Pires Delgado]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994824|Ana Maria Cordeiro Alves]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994825|Anabela Valentina Sapalalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994826|Anastácio Severino Sambowe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994827|Anilda Mariana Chivucuvucu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994828|António Kalandula Bândua]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994829|Apolo Pedro Felino Yakuvela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994830|Ariane Rebeca Lusadisu Nhany]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994831|Arlete da Visitação Francisco e Castro Borges]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994832|Armando Manuel Caquepa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994833|Augusto Samuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994834|Avelino Canjamba José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994836|Benjamim Manuel da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994837|Carla Maria Domingas Cativa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994838|Carlos Xavier Luis Lucas]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994839|Clara Vieira Tavares]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994840|Clementina José Da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994841|Conceição João Faria Paulo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994842|Crispiniano Vivaldino Evaristo dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123082|Desidéria Hatupuilikine Ndakhupapo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123083|Domingas Pedro Francisco Damião]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123084|Domingos Damião Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123085|Domingos Vicente Rafael Mate]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123088|Elisa Fernanda Vihemba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123090|Eufêmia Hambeleleni]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123091|Eufrazina Malamba Magalhães Teodoro Paiva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123093|Inocência de Deus Faria de Morais]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123094|Jacinto dos Santos José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123095|José Domingos Francisco Tuta]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123096|José Eduardo Carmo Nelumba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123097|José Gabriel Paiva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123099|José Pami]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123100|Maria de Lourdes Sousa Abambres Veiga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123101|Maria Mpava Medina]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123102|Maria Sebita João Pertence]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123104|Nzuzi Makiese Wete]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123105|Rodeth Gil]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123106|Rosália Sandalawa Capanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123107|Samuel Daniel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123108|Teresa Jorge Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123109|Vasco Pedro José]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123213|Maria da Conceição Roque Caposso]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126366046|Simão Muvuma Satambi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 2014-07-26
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994843|Custódio Agostinho Kamuango Lopes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994844|David Álvaro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994845|David Kisadila]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994847|Dolina Nassocópia Miguel Tchinhama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994848|Domingos Eduardo Palanga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994849|Edna Beneque Queximalunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994850|Elisa Solanje de Almeida Paxe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994851|Elisandra Mônica Rodrigues Coelho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994852|Elizandra Janete Gourgel Wassuca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994853|Emília da Conceição Panjimba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994854|Emiliana Nhengo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994855|Erika Linete Batalha de Carvalho Aires]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994856|Ernesto da Costa Kassongo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994857|Esperança Luzia Jackson Pembele da Conceição]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994858|Estevão Neto Pedro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994859|Esteves António Diavova]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994860|Esteves Carlos Hilário]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994861|Eva Gonçalves da Costa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994862|Faustino Morais António Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994863|Felizmina Maria Valentim Lutucuta de Sousa]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994864|Fernanda Deolinda Sumbo Guerra]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994865|Fernanda Filomena dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994866|Fernando Domingos Pedro Muanza]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994867|Fernando Hombo Dinis]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994869|Florêncio Kanjamba]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994870|Francisco Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994872|Bruno Da Silva De Melo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994873|Gervásio Nombo Zau]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994874|Helena Berta Buca Vando Marciano]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994876|Hemingarda João Fernandes]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994877|Ilda de Fátima da Silva Almeida Martins]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994878|Ireno Nauta Domingos Nambalo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994879|Irina De Almeida Santos Diniz Ferreira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994880|Isaías Daniel Sambangala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994881|Isolina Teresa Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994882|Jeremias Ernesto Barbosa Mahula]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994883|Jeremias Kaunda Abílio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994884|Joana Domingos dos Santos Filipe Tomás Martins]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994885|João Kanda Bernardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994886|João Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994887|João Mpilamosi Domingos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994888|João Quipipa Dias]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994890|Joel Armando Kafuka Pacheco]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994891|Jorge Martins da Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994893|José do Gringo Júnior Lembe]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994894|Julieta Carlos Baptista Vicente]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994896|Lázaro de Oliveira Guelson Kakunha]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994897|Leonor da Silva Ferreira Garibaldi de Lima E Cruz]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994899|Lizete da Conceição Manuel Gonga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994900|Lúcia Yoleni Sincopela]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994901|Luciana Mona Cachiangui]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994902|Luís Fernandes do Nascimento]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994903|Luisa da Conceição António Bunga Liunda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994904|Manuel Domingos da Fonseca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994906|Manuel Mbalu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994907|Marcial Adriano Dachala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994908|Mardanês Agostinho Calunga]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994910|Maria Antonieta Josefina Sabina Baptista]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994911|Maria da Conceição Mendonça Caldeira de Palma]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994912|Maria do Espirito Santo da Silva Monteiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994913|Maria Emília Da Silva Inácio]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994914|Maria Esperança Pires dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994915|Maria Fonseca]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994916|Maricel Marinho da Silva Capama]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994917|Mbamby Keane Victória dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994919|Milonga Manuel Bernardo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994920|Moniz Alfredo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994921|Monteiro Renaldo Eliseu]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994922|Nádia Agostinho Borges da Conceição Monteiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994923|Narciso Damásio dos Santos Benedito]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994924|Nary Cajica Manuel Aguiar]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994925|Nazário Pedro Vilhena Bomba Vilhena]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994927|Nuno Álvaro Dala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994928|Olívio Fortunato Esperança Quilumbo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Olívio N'kilumbo 2025.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994929|Osvaldo António José Caculo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994930|Paciência Amélia Albertina Caxita]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994931|Paula Cristina Inácio Contreiras]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994932|Paula Regina Simões de Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994933|Pedro Francisco Tanda]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994935|Peregrino Isidro Wambu Chindondo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994936|Ricardina Inocência dos Santos Chilombo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994937|Rodrigues Manuel Tandala]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994938|Rosa Branca da Cunha Cardoso Albino]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994939|Rui Malopa Miguel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994940|Sandra Teresa Numanawa Kakunda Henriques]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994941|Santiago Lino Vunge Primeiro]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994942|Saúde Victorino Luenheca Txizau]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994944|Teresa Afonso Pinto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994945|Teresa Cholimba Mateus Mulumbila]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994946|Teresa José Adelina da Silva Neto]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994947|Vasco Manuel Sangongo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125994948|Xavier Jaime Manuel]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126038207|Adérito Chimuco Samucambo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 2022-09-16
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126122979|Afonso Morais Kuedi]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123053|Adão Campos Congo]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123077|Bernarda Golçalves Martins Henrique da Silva]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123078|Catarina Tchitaka de Oliveira]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123079|Cesaltina da Conceição Major]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123080|Constantino Manuel dos Santos]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q126123081|Deolinda Ódia Paula Satula Vilarinho]]''
| 
| [[Angola|Àngólà]]
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>06a2onaak1pu89iau7skgy0w7e5ou02</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Kenya</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66707</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637775</id>
      <parentid>636717</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:53:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>637775</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="88721" sha1="lavn1efg1n9mvh20rhy52mmzhpe18w1" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Members of the National Assembly who was a member twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q17510786 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q17510786/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q17510786/P580:Start date,P39/Q17510786/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| [[Wangari Maathai]]
| 
| ''[[:d:Q2538511|Kenya Colony]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Wangari Matthai 2001 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mwai Kibaki]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1974&lt;br/&gt;1963
| 2013-01&lt;br/&gt;2013-03-28
| [[Fáìlì:Mwai Kibaki (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Raila Odinga]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992-12-29
| 2013-01-17
| [[Fáìlì:Raila Amolo Odinga 2009 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58188|Moses Wetangula]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moses Wetangula (Moses Francis Masika Wetang'ula) of the Republic of Kenya in 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q121708|Moses Mudavadi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q195725|William Ruto]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:William Ruto 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Uhuru Kenyatta]]
| olóṣèlú, Kẹ́nyà
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2003-01
| 2013-01
| [[Fáìlì:PMO IMG 5262 (40547346173) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q346046|Elijah Lagat]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2007
| 2013
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q447119|Wesley Korir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013-03-28
| 2017-07-16
| [[Fáìlì:Wesley Korir 2012 Boston Marathon.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q457713|Newton Kulundu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q469641|Grace Emily Akinyi Ogot]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q539821|Charity Ngilu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Charity Kaluki Ngilu at Opening Session.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q593552|Michael Kijana Wamalwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2003
| [[Fáìlì:Wamalwapotr.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q645228|Jaramogi Oginga Odinga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jaramogi Oginga Odinga (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q710549|Arthur Magugu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q733817|George Saitoti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:George Saitoti (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q743818|David Kimutai Too]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q860562|Bildad Kaggia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Bildad Kagia. Nairobi. 1949.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1030776|Mohamed Yusuf Haji]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2003
| 2013-03
| [[Fáìlì:Yusufhaji.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1175814|David Musila]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1372633|Gitobu Imanyara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1999
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1395018|Kalonzo Musyoka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1985
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Kalonzo Musyoka1.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1507950|George Muhoho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1708590|Joshua Orwa Ojode]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1954003|Musalia Mudavadi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Musalia Mudavadi, Prime Cabinet Secretary and Cabinet Secretary for Foreign and Diaspora Affairs of Kenya, at the Department of State in Washington, D.C. on February 1, 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2013243|Oburu Odinga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2189073|Raphael Tuju]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2287087|Simeon Nyachae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2607345|Kenneth Marende]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:The Speaker, Lok Sabha, Smt. Meira Kumar meets the Speaker of the Parliament of Kenya, Mr. Kenneth Marende, EGH, during the 56th Conference of Commonwealth Parliamentary Association, in Nairobi, Kenya, on September 14, 2010.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2662202|Mugabe Were]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2823023|Achieng Oneko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Jomo Kenyatta Apa Pant and Acheing Oneko.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2843930|Amos Kimunya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Amos Kimonya, IMF 2006.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3113007|Grace Onyango]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Grace Onyango Kenyan MP.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Martha Karua]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Martha Karua.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3706976|Dick Wathika]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 2010-04-30
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3898130|Paul Ngei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Moody Awori]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moody Awori.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4540107|Charles Njonjo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1980
| 1983
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4591769|Koigi wa Wamwere]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4663137|Ababu Namwamba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon Ababu Namwamba taking oath of office as Minister for Sports and Youth Affairs before President Mwai Kibaki at Harambee House, Nairobi 2013-08-23 17-37.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664957|Yusuf Hassan Abdi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Yusuf Hassan Abdi (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664971|Abdikadir Hussein Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4664992|Abdirahman Ali Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4665260|Abdul-Ali Bahari]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4670109|Abu Chiaba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4680594|Adan Keynan Wehliye]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:Wehiye, Adan Keynan cropped.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4682154|Aden Bare Duale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Kenya Defense Cabinet Secretary Aden Duale at the Kenya Ministry of Defense in Nairobi, Kenya on September 25, 2023 - 230925-D-PM193-2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4682177|Aden Sugow]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4693102|Agnes Pareiyo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022
| 2027
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4696013|Ahmed Shakeel Shabbir Ahmed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4705081|Sam Ongeri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sam Ongeri (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4717538|Alex Muthengi Mwiru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4723008|Alfred Khang'ati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4723231|Alfred Odhiambo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4723395|Alfred Sambu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4725044|Ali Mohamud Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4807410|Asman Kamama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4812751|Atanas Keya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4861331|Barnabas Muturi Mwangi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4887267|Benedict Fodo Gunda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4888887|Benjamin Jomo Washiali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4897658|Beth Wambui Mugo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2007
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Beth Wambui Mugo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4931560|Boaz Kipchumba Kaino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4942502|Bonny Khalwale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5000973|Burudi Nabwera]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5021394|Calist Andrew Mwatela]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5056517|Cecily Mutitu Mbarire]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Cecily Mutitu Mbarire.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5076212|Charles Keter]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon’ble Charles Keter shakes Yukiya Amano's hand (05010387) (46039052902) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5079790|Charles Kilonzo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5080381|Charles Lugano]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5081173|Charles Mutisya Nyamai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5081372|Charles Onyancha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Charles Onyancha.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5082206|Charles Rubia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5101863|Chirau Ali Mwakwere]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5107549|Chris Murungaru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1998
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5107643|Chris Okemo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5112986|Christopher Obure]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:Christopher Obure.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5131357|Clement Kungu Waibara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5131380|Clement Muchiri Wambugu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5200387|Cyprian Ojwang Omollo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5201109|Cyrus Jirongo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5211525|Dalmas Otieno]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5218210|Daniel Muoki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5218224|Daniel Musyoka Mutinda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5221098|Danson Mungatana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5221099|Danson Mwazo Mwakulegwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5222951|Darius Msagha Mbela]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1998
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5233422|David Eseli Simiyu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5233438|David Ethuro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ekwee David Ethuro Senate of Poland 2015 01.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5236093|David Koech]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5237863|David Mwaniki Ngugi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5237864|David Mwiraria]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:David Mwiraria, IMF 2004.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5240969|David Were]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5346713|Edwin Ochieng Yinda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5360552|Elias Mbau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5360973|Elijah Mwangale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5363291|Elizabeth Ongoro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5371996|Emillio Kathuli]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5382308|Ephraim Maina]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5385013|Erastus Kihara Mureithi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5401255|Esther Murugi Mathenge]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5407838|Eugene Wamalwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Eugine Ludovic Wamalwa.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5415878|Evans Akula]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5429550|Fahim Yasin Twaha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5434731|Farah Maalim Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Faaraxsave.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5443920|Ferdinand Waititu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2015-05-04
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5455562|Fitz Remedios Santana de Souza]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5480460|Francis Chachu Ganya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5481874|Francis Masakhalia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5482591|Francis Thombe Nyammo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5491306|Franklin Bett]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Franklin Bett.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5491660|Franklin Linturi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5495322|Fred Gumo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1994
| 2013
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5495634|Fred Kapondi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5498498|Frederick Outa Otieno]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5499421|Fredrick Oduya Oprong]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5536384|George Anyona]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5541326|George Khaniri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5545223|George Thuo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559628|Gideon Mung'aro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559630|Gideon Ndambuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5561019|Gilbert Kabere M'mbijiwe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5576439|Godfrey Gitahi Kariuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5584340|Gor Sunguh]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5679565|Hassan Ali Joho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5724462|Henry Kosgey]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6076813|Isaac Mulatya Muoki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6077048|Isaac Ruto]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6117200|Jackson Kiptanui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6122859|Charles Njagua Kanyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6134603|James Gichuru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6137496|James Kwanya Rege]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6138825|James Maina Kamau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6140626|James Ondicho Gesami]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6140628|James Omingo Magara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6140639|James Orengo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:James Orengo in 2024.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6147903|Jamleck Irungu Kamau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon Jamleck Kamau.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6180863|Jeremiah J.M. Nyagah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6180925|Jeremiah Ngayu Kioni]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6238091|John Harun Mwau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2007
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Harun-mwau.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6243378|John Koech]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6248686|John Michuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:John Michuki.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6249843|John Munyes]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6250396|John Ngata Kariuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2007-12
| 2010-10
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6251185|John Olago Aluoch]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6252609|John Pesa Dache]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6268381|Johnson Nduya Muthama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Johnstone Muthama.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6283465|Joseph Gachoki Gitari]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6285854|Joseph Nyagah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6285933|Joseph Ole Nkaissery]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 2014-12-02
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6285990|Joseph Oyugi Magwanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6287763|Joseph Wamukoya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6288275|Josephat Karanja]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6288277|Josephat Koli Nanok]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6289987|Joshua Kutuny]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6297432|Joyce Cherono Laboso]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2008-09-25
| 2017-08-07
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6309902|Julius Kipyegon Kones]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6309933|Julius Lekakeny Sunkuli]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6309975|Julius Murgor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6343844|Kabando wa Kabando]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6377793|Katoo Ole Metito]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6405280|Kiema Kilonzo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6406813|Kilemi Mwiria]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6414629|Kipkalya Kones]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6414697|Kiprono Langat]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6414699|Kipruto Rono Arap Kirwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1990
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6414781|Kiraitu Murungi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6418829|Kivutha Kibwana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6418830|Kivuti Maxwell]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6514327|Lee Kinyanjui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6536911|Lewis Nguyai Nganga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6550225|Linah Kilimo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Linah Jebii Kilimo, Chair of anti-FGM Board, Kenya, speaking at the Girl Summit 2014 (14724900665).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6681363|Lorna Laboso]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6696106|Lucas Chepkitony]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6701602|Luka Kigen]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6759579|Margaret Kamar]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6759998|Margaret Wanjiru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6776584|Martin Shikuku]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6780919|Mary Wambui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013-03-28
| 2017-08-07
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6791519|Matthias Benedict Keah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6799567|Mbadi John Ng'ongo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6799700|Mbiyu Koinange]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6848880|Mike Sonko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2010-09-20
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Sonko in 2023.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6891252|Nassir Ali Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6891260|Mohamed Ibrahim Elmi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6891343|Mohamed Maalim Mohamud]]''
| 
| [[Ẹritrẹ́à]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:MohamedMaalimMohamud.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6893179|Mohammed Kuti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6915674|Moses Akaranga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6933478|Mukhisa Kituyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mukhisa Kituyi - 2013.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6937046|Munyua Waiyaki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6939960|Musa Sirma]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6943746|Mutava Musyimi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mutava Musyimi with Children in Gachoka.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6944629|Mwalimu Masudi Mwahima]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6944671|Festus Mwangi Kiunjuri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6961671|Namesyus Warugongo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6967675|Nassir Nuh Abdi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6983763|Ndiritu Muriithi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6990527|Nelson Gaichuhie]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7025073|Nicholas Biwott]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1979
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7025483|Nicholas Gumbo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7041983|Nixon Kiprotich Korir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Langata mp.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7042423|Njenga Karume]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Njenga Karume 060808-N-0411D-015.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7042468|Njoki Susanna Ndung'u]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2003
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Njoki Ndungu.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7042591|Nkoidilla Lankas]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7045471|Noah Wekesa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Noah Wekesa - 2011 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7052649|Norman Nyagah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7067636|Ntoitha M'mithiaru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7071124|Nyiva Mwendwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Charity Kaluki Ngilu at Opening Session.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7089757|Omar Mbwana Zonga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7108730|Otieno Kajwang]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1998
| 2013
| [[Fáìlì:Gerald Otieno Kajwang Tartus, 9. mai 2014 - Foto Lilian Lukka.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7146063|Patrick Ayiecho Olweny]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7146899|Patrick Kariuki Muiruri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7152646|Paul Muite]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7152844|Paul Otuoma]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7168746|Peris Chepchumba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7172546|Peter Anyang' Nyong'o]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Kisumu Governor Anyang Nyong'o giving speech.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7173815|Peter Edick Omondi Anyanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7175166|Peter Kenneth]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Assistant Minister Peter Kenneth.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7175181|Peter Kiilu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7175990|Peter Munya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Peter Munya - 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176115|Peter Njoroge Baiya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176116|Peter Njeru Ndwiga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1335242|Embu County]]''
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176118|Peter Njuguna Gitau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176205|Peter Ochieng Odoyo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7176221|Peter Oloo-Aringo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:Peter Oloo-Aringo 1986.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7183298|Philip Leakey]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7225856|Pollyins Ochieng Anyango]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7288734|Ramadhan Seif Kajembe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7293983|Raphael Lentimalo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7327862|Richard Momoima Onyonka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7346378|Robert Kiptoo Kipkorir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7348145|Robert Onsare Monda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7353047|Robinson Njeru Githae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Robinson Njeru Githae.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7405193|Sally Kosgei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7409808|Sammy Mwaita]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7411903|Samuel Kambi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7425832|Sasura Hussein Tarry]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7514201|Silas Muriuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7519199|Simon Lesirma]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7555005|Soita Shitanda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7563913|Sospeter Ojaamong]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7599814|Stanley Munga Githunguri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7672799|Taaitta Toweett]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7791963|Thomas Ludindi Mwadeghu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7809140|Tiras Nyingi Ngahu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2012-09
| 2017
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7926175|Victor Munyaka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7959445|Wafula Wabuge]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7972008|Washington Jakoyo Midiwo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8000077|Wilber Otichilo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Portrait Image of Dr. Wilber Khasilwa Ottichilo - 2nd and Current Governor of Vihiga County.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8001838|Wilfred Machage]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8001849|Wilfred Moriasi Ombui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8013849|William Kabogo Gitau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2010&lt;br/&gt;2002
| 2013&lt;br/&gt;2007
| [[Fáìlì:William Kabogo Gitau.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8014046|William Kipkorir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2025-02-15
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8016314|William Odongo Omamo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:W.omamo-potrait208-1187..jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8016331|William Ole Ntimama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8023122|Wilson Litole]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8039607|Wycliffe Oparanya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Wycliffe Oparanya UNDP HQ 2010.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8061937|Yusuf Chanzu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8063982|Zachary Onyonka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8065041|Zakayo Cheruiyot]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q8068252|Zebedeo John Opore]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11249433|Gideon Moi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11854485|Bonaya Godana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2006
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12053090|Najib Balala]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Najibu Balala - MP for Mvita.JPG|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15733971|Ali Rasso Dido]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15993157|Mutula Kilonzo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mutula Kilonzo UNDP 2009.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16007821|Thomas Johnson Kuto Kalume]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:The Rt.Rev.Thomas Johnson Kalume.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16013714|James Nyamweya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16014097|Moses Kiprono arap Keino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16150817|Martin Nyaga Wambora]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Martin Wambora.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16152027|Wakoli Bifwoli]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16187229|Justin Muturi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1999
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Justin Muturi (MUS1515) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16192784|Mutahi Kagwe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Mutahi Kagwe (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16194232|Humphrey Kimani Njuguna]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16194826|Irshadali Sumra]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16213140|Godhana Dhadho Gaddae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16214164|Sabina Wanjiru Chege]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sabina Chege at John De'Mathew Memorial.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16226678|Benson Mbai Itwiku]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16499778|Joseph Lekuton]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730244|Amason Kingi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730543|Philip Kaloki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730551|Joseph Kamotho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730588|Japhet Kareke Mbiuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16730905|Joseph Nganga Kiuna]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16731419|Moses Lessonet]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16732461|Julius Kibiwott Melly]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16732730|Hussein Maalim Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733078|John Michael Njenga Mututho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733083|Mwandawiro Mghanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733644|Martin Otieno Ogindo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733692|Moses ole Sakuda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16734594|Samuel Poghisio]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Samuel Losuron Poghisio.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16842239|Sonia Birdi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16843221|Nderitu Gachagua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16864850|Abdul Rahim Dawood]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16866303|Kinoti Gatobu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16866321|Kembi Gitura]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16885582|Naomi Shaban]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16886147|Peris Tobiko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17198176|Shukran Hussein Gure]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Shukrangure.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17386192|Grace Kiptui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17411041|Fatuma Ibrahim Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013-03
| 2017-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17464750|Kipng'eno Arap Ng'eny]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17509770|Adhu Awiti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18098773|Robert Pukose]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18207112|Samuel Chumel Moroto]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2001&lt;br/&gt;2017-08-31
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18217506|Grace Jelagat Kipchoim]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2018-04-20
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18388019|Khatib Mwashetani]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18417138|Nancy Ascencio]]''
| 
| [[Fenesuela]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18612608|Fred Mbiti Gideon Mati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18629013|Marsden Madoka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19008951|George Muchai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19386807|Philip Godana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19604826|Robert Mbui]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19604843|Jackson Kasanga Mulwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19662588|Filemon F. Indire]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Professor Indire visiting a park in Illinois, USA.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20744564|Isaac Mwaura]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:SEN. DR ISAAC MWAURA.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20982198|George Nyamweya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21062735|Gideon Mwiti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21062983|Marianne Jebet Kitany]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22003006|Mohamed Abdi Affey]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| [[Fáìlì:2015 08 Hiran Shebelle Formation-9 (20400044455).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22278744|Moses Kuria]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Moses Kuria - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22279006|Richard Makenga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23808689|George Ndung’u Mwicigi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23887512|Timothy Wanyonyi Wetangula]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:HON. TIM WANYONYI.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24006889|Esther Passaris]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Esther Passaris.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24892770|Ngala Mwendwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25113132|Daniel Karaba]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Senator Dickson Daniel Karaba.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26923586|Alice Wahome]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Alice Wahome - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28113009|Irungu Kang'ata]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:IKangata.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28967580|Sakaja Johnson]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Sakaja in 2024.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29533497|Thomas Okelo-Odongo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1963
| 1969
| [[Fáìlì:Tom Okelo Odongo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29572473|Simon Mbugua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30323725|Wavinya Ndeti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Wavinya2.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Naisula Lesuuda]]
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2022
| [[Fáìlì:Naisula lesuuda.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38459259|Kipsengeret Koros]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38668434|Janet Ong'era]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2022-08
| [[Fáìlì:Janet ongera picture.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43927930|Muthomi Njuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Muthomi nJUKI.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46190459|Francis Nyenze]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46358834|Nimrod Mbai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Nimrod Mbai Portrait.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47093702|Beatrice Elachi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Beatrice.webp|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47483883|Elsie Busihile Muhanda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47486849|Gertrude Mbeyu Mwanyanje]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2022-08
| [[Fáìlì:Gertrude Mwanyanje.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489018|David Losiakou Pkosing]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489037|Michael Mwangi Muchira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489052|Gladys Wanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Wanga in 2024.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489064|Kulow Maalim Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47489991|Gladwell Jesire Cheruiyot]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490021|Joyce Chepkoech Korir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490030|Catherine Nanjala Wambilianga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490033|Jane Jepkorir Kiptoo Chebaibai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490034|Jane Wanjuki Njiru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490037|Anab Mohamed Gure]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490038|Rehema Dida Jaldesa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490039|Janet Marania Teyiaa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490043|Florence Bore]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490045|Gathoni Wamuchomba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490046|Purity Wangui Ngirici]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490048|Rozaah Akinyi Buyu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490049|Irene Muthoni Kasalu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490050|Zuleikha Ju Ma Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490051|Catherine Wanjiku Waruguru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490052|Ruweida Mohamed Obo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490053|Joyce Kamene]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490054|Rose Museo Mumo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490056|Amina Gedow Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490057|Safia Sheikh Adan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490058|Kawira Mwangaza]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490059|Pamela Awuor Ochieng]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490061|Chelule Chepkorir Liza]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490062|Tecla Chebet Tum]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490064|Roselinda Soipan Tuya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Soipan latest photo.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490065|Jerusha Mongina Momanyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490066|Faith Wairimu Gitau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Faith Gitau.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490068|Rahab Mukami Wachira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490069|Maison Leshoomo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490071|Christine Ombaka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490072|Lydia Haika Mnene Mizighi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Lydia Haika.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490073|Rehema Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490074|Beatrice Nkatha Nyaga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490075|Janet Nangabo Wanyama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490076|Joyce Akai Emanikor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490078|Gladys Jepkosgei-Boss Shollei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490079|Beatrice Kahai Adagala]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;200-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47490080|Lilian Cheptoo Tomitom]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493894|Gideon Sitelu Konchela]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493900|Athanas Misiko Wafula Wamunyinyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Deputy Special Representative of the Chairperson of the African Union Commission for Somalia Wafula Wamunyinyi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493905|David Gikaria]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493910|Isaac Waihenya Ndirangu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493913|Korei Ole Lemein]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493920|James Wambura Nyikal]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493923|Omar Mwinyi Shimbwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493925|Charles Gumini Gimose]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493930|Samuel Arama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493933|Richard Moitalei Ole Kenta]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493935|David Njuguna Kiaraho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493938|Swarup Ranjan Mishra]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Swarup-ranjan-mishra.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493940|Alfred Agoi Masadia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493944|James Lusweti Mukwe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493946|Kassim Sawa Tandaza]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493951|James Mwangi Gakuya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493953|Ali Wario]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493956|Christopher Omulele]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493958|Mathenge James Kanini Kega]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493961|Ben George Orori Momanyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493962|Johana Ngeno Kipyegon]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493964|Bady Twalib Bady]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493967|Suleiman Dori]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2020-03-09
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493970|George Theuri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493974|Paul Simba Arati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493977|William Kamuren Chirchir Chepkut]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493981|Sylvanus Maritim]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493985|Cornelly Serem]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493987|Samuel Onunga Atandi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Samuel Atandi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493990|John Walter Owino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Walter Owino (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493992|Onesmas Kimani Ngunjiri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47493997|Abdi Omar Shurie]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494001|Joshua Chepyegon Kandie]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494007|Nelson Koech]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494008|Innocent Momanyi Obiri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494010|Zadoc Abel Ogutu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494192|Miruka Ondieki Alfah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494197|Ronald Kiprotich Tonui]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494199|Beatrice Pauline Cherono Kones]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2008
| 2022-08&lt;br/&gt;2013
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494200|John Oroo Oyioka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2015-05-04
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494201|Gideon Ochanda Ogolla]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494205|Raphael Bitta Sauti Wanjala]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494208|Moses Wekesa Mwambu Mabonga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494212|Japheth Kiplangat Mutai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494217|Nicholas Scott Tindi Mwale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494219|Joseph H Maero Oyula]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494223|Mugambi Murwithania Rindikiri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494224|Moses Nguchine Kirima]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494225|Gideon Kimutai Koske]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494228|Wilson Kipngetich Kogo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494231|Patrick Munene Ntwiga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494238|Mohamed Dahir Duale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494245|John Kiarie Waweru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:John Kiarie Waweru.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494250|Benjamin Gathiru Mwangi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494255|Owino Paul Ongili Babu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494260|Julius Musili Mawathe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494265|Alexander Kimutai Kigen Kosgey]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494270|Jeremiah Omboko Milemba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494273|Abdikhaim Osman Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494280|Wilberforce Ojiambo Oundo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494291|Said Buya Hiribae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494292|Teddy Ngumbao Mwambire]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494295|Ali Wario Guyo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494298|Joseph Nduati Ngugi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494304|Annie Wanjiku Kibeh]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494306|Elisha Ochieng Odhiambo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494307|Robert Gichimu Githinji]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494309|Martha Wangari Wanjira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494311|Gabriel Kago Mukuha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494313|George Peter Opondo Kaluma]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494314|Cyprian Kubai Iringo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494318|Richard Maore Maoka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494319|John Paul Mwirigi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494321|Sophia Abdi Noor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494323|Benard Masaka Shinali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494329|Hassan Oda Hulufo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494330|Abdi Koropu Tepo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494331|Francis Munyua Waititu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494335|James Githua Kamau Wamacukuru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494338|Eve Akinyi Obara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494339|Mark Lomunokol]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494341|Joshua Kivinda Kimilu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494347|Elijah Memusi Kanchory]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2015-05-04
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494350|Joseph Wathigo Manje]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494354|Metito Judah Katoo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494355|George Risa Sunkuyia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494361|Paul Kahindi Katana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494365|Clement Muturi Kigano]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494373|Fabian Kyule Muli]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494377|Oscar Kipchumba Sudi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494383|Andrew Adipo Okuome]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494386|Mercy Wanjiku Gakuya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494389|Charles Ong'ondo Were]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494393|James Kipkosgei Murgor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494399|Daniel Kipkogei Rono]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494400|Christopher Aseka Wangaya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494404|Paul Koinange]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2021-03-31
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494407|Jude L Kangethe Njomo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494410|Kenneth Odhiambo Okoth]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2019-07-26
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494415|Jessica Nduku Kiko Mbalu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013&lt;br/&gt;2017&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2017&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494421|Patrick Mweu Musimba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2013-10-17
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494424|Ruth W Mwaniki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494428|Samson Ndindi Nyoro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:NDINDI.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494431|Anthony Kimani Ichung`wah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494435|Owen Yaa Baya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494438|Richard Ken Chonga Kiti]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494444|Thaddeus Kithua Nzambia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494446|Didmus Wekesa Barasa Mutua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494460|Chrisantus Wamalwa Wakhungu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494464|Benjamin Dalu Stephen Tayari]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494467|Zachary Kwenya Thuku]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494470|Kirui Joseph Limo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494471|Hilary Kiplang'at Kosgei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494473|John Munene Wambugu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494478|Ali Menza Mbogo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494480|Fred Odhiambo Ouda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494484|Benson Makali Mulu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494493|David Mwalika Mboni]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494506|Rachael Kaki Nyamai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2013&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2022-08&lt;br/&gt;2017
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494517|Jimmy Nuru Ondieki Angwenyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494518|Shadrack John Mose]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494549|Yegon Brighton Leonard]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494557|Moses Kipkemboi Cheboi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494560|Tonui Joseph Kipkosgey]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494590|Marwa Kemero Maisori Kitayama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494619|Mathias Nyamabe Robi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494623|Ferdinard Kevin Wanyonyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494628|Abdi Mude Ibrahim]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494633|Mohamed Hire Garane]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494637|Amin Deddy Mohamed Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494639|Sarah Paulata Korere]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2013&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2017-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494641|Patrick Kariuki Mariru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Defence Patrick Mariru.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494642|Marselino Malimo Arbelle]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494644|Sharif Athman Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494646|Stanley Muiruri Muthama]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494658|Jonah Mburu Mwangi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494664|Mishi Juma Khamisi Mboko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494669|Enoch Wamalwa Kibunguchy]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494675|Peter Mungai Mwathi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494679|Jeremiah Ekamais Lomorukai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494687|Ayub Savula Angatia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494692|Titus Khamala Mukhwana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494697|Michael Thoyah Kingi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494704|George Aladwa Omwera]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494709|Daniel Kitonga Maanzo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494713|Moses Malulu Injendi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494720|Aisha Jumwa Karisa Katana]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2013
| 2022-08&lt;br/&gt;2017
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494723|Omar Mohamed Maalim Hassan]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494725|Bashir Sheikh Abdullah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494727|Adan Haji Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494732|Adan Haji Yussuf]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494735|John Muchiri Nyaga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494738|Mary Wamaua Waithira Njoroge]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494744|David Kangogo Bowen]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494748|William Kipkemoi Kisang]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494753|Joshua Mbithi Mwalyo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494758|Geoffrey Makokha Odanga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494761|Anthony Tom Oluoch]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494763|Peter Kimari Kihara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494765|Rigathi Gachagua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Rigathi Gachagua - 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494768|Justus Murunga Makokha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494770|Stephen Mutinda Mule]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494776|Patrick Makau King'ola]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494778|Charles Muriuki Njagagua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494781|Geoffrey Kingagi Muturi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494784|Erastus Kivasu Nzioka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494789|Daniel Kamuren Tuitoek]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494792|Silas Kipkoech Tiren]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494794|Francis Kuria Kimani]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494799|Vincent Kipkurui Tuwei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494803|Qalicha Gufu Wario]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494804|Fred Kapondi Chesebe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494809|James Onyango K'Oyoo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494813|Anthony Githiaka Kiai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494819|Johnson Manya Naicca]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494822|Abdullswamad Sheriff Nassir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494824|Vincent Musyoka Musau]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494827|Andrew Mwadime]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494828|Josphat Kabinga Wachira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494833|Gideon Mutemi Mulyungi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494839|Paul Musyimi Nzengu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494840|Charles Ngusya Nguna]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494842|Jayne Njeri Wanjiru Kihara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2003
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494847|Sakwa John Bunyasi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494850|Alfred Kiptoo Keter]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494853|Lemanken Aramat]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494858|Gabriel Koshal Tongoyo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494859|Emmanuel Wangwe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Wangwe Emmanuel.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494862|Martin Peters Owino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494863|George Macharia Kariuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494866|Charity Kathambi Chepkwony]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494868|Joash Nyamache Nyamoko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494872|Joshua Aduma Owuor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494876|Jared Odoyo Okelo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494882|Richard Nyagaka Tongi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2013-12-30
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494886|Ezekiel Machogu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494889|Tom Mboya Odege]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494899|Martin Deric Ngunjiri Wambugu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494909|James Gichuki Mugambi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494929|William Kamoti Mwamkale]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494932|Lilian Achieng Gogo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494933|Paul Otiende Amollo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494946|Kipruto Moi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494955|Paul Odalo Mak' Ojuando Abuor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494960|Tom Joseph Francis Kajwang']]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494963|Simon Nganga Kingara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494968|Eric Muchangi Njiru]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494971|Caleb Amisi Luyai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494981|Lentoi Joni L Jackson Lekumontare]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494993|Alois Musa Lentoimaga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47494999|Justus Gesito Mugali M'mbaya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495001|Peter Lochakapong]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495024|John Waluke Koyi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495034|Dominic Kipkoech Koskei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495046|Kathuri Murungi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495055|Silvanus Osoro Onyiego]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495070|Caleb Kipkemei Kositany]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495077|Millie Grace Akoth Odhiambo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2013-08&lt;br/&gt;2007&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2022-08&lt;br/&gt;2017-08&lt;br/&gt;2013
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Millie Odhiambo in National Assembly.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495079|Samuel Kinuthia Gachobe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495084|Junet Sheikh Nuh]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495101|Peter Francis Masara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495114|Ahmed Bashane Gaal]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495116|Edward Oku Kaunya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495117|Geoffrey Omuse]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495122|James Gichuhi Mwangi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495127|George Gitonga Murugara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495130|Patrick Kimani Wainaina Jungle]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495132|William Kamket Kassait]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495134|Josphat Gichunge Mwirabua Kabeabea]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495137|John Kanyuithia Mutunga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495143|Janet Jepkemboi Sitienei]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495147|John Lodepe Nakara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495152|Lokiru Ali Mohammed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495156|Christopher Doye Nakuleu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495159|Ekomwa Lomenen James]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495163|Daniel Epuyo Nanok]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495165|Christopher Odhiambo Karani]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 2019
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495169|James Opiyo Wandayi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495175|Mark Ogolla Nyamita]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495177|Ernest Ogesi Kivai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495180|Jones Mwagogo Mlolwa]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495181|Rashid Kassim Amin]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495185|Ahmed Abdisalan Ibrahim]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495187|Mohamud Sheikh Mohammed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495188|Ahmed Kolosh Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2019
| 2019
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495190|Daniel Wanyama Sitati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495194|Vincent Kemosi Mogaka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47495195|Danson Mwashako Mwakuwona]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47514875|Paul Githiomi Mwangi]]''
| 
| 
| 1995
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47516274|Rose Ogendo Nyamunga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013
| 2017
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47516278|Mary Yiane Seneta]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48472383|Ukur Yatani Kanacho]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2006
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Ukur Yatani.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48773183|Marere wa Mwachai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51029838|Edith Vethi Nyenze]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08&lt;br/&gt;2018
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56072166|Fatuma Gedi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60048335|Francis Kagwima]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Francis Kagwima.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60332243|Florence Mwikali Mutua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60332262|Asha Hussein Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60332280|Japhet Miriti Kareke Mbiuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65850416|Matthew Adams Karauri]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q85837193|Benard Otieno Okoth]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q86424308|Joseph Manje]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon Manje.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q88808420|Ochilo Ayacko]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| [[Fáìlì:Ochilo Ayacko potrait for governor.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q95692691|Francis Polisi Loile Lotodo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2001
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q95697298|James Murgor]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96362528|Alfred Kiprato Kerich]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q98118573|Dennitah Ghati]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101071329|Benjamin Langat]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Benjamin Langat.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q103732378|Elijah K. Sumbeiywo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105642336|Wanjiku Muhia]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon.wanjiku muhia.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106356656|Reggie Alexander]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1963
| 1967
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107222476|Rachel Shebesh]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107407467|Shaaban Ali Issack]]''
| 
| 
| 1994
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109070160|Wilson Sossion]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109570540|Mohammad Ali Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111177826|John Ndirangu Kariuki]]''
| 
| 
| 2013-03-10
| 2017-07-16
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179918|David Ochieng Ouma]]''
| 
| 
| 2019
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179984|Halima Yussuf Mucheke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179987|Jennifer Shamalla]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179989|Maina Kamanda]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179990|Nasri Sahal Ibrahim]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179991|Jacquiline Adhiambo Oduol]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111179993|Sammy Kipkorir Seroney]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111180002|Charles Kamuren]]''
| 
| 
| 2018-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111180007|David Ole Sankok]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111180017|Gideon Keter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Image 2020-07-01 at 6.38.37 PM.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111180034|Godfrey Osotsi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188192|Zipporah Jesang Kurgat Kering]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188206|Abass Sheikh Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188207|Abdi Noor Mohammed Ali]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188208|Abdikadir Omar Aden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188209|Abdikadir Ore Ahmed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188210|Abdulaziz Ali Farah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188211|Abdullahi Jaldesa Banticha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188212|Adan Mohamed Nooru]]''
| 
| 
| 1998
| 1002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188213|Alice Nyanchoka Chae]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188214|Alice Wambui Ng'ang'a]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2017
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188215|Amina Abdalla]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188216|Andrew Toboso Anyanga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188217|Annah Nyokabi Gathecha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188218|Anthony Mutahi Kimaru]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188219|Arthur Papa Odera]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188220|Augostinho Neto Oyugi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188221|Benard Kipkirui Bett]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188222|Benjamin Andola Andayi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188224|Benson Mutura Kangara]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188225|Bernard Munywoki Kitungi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188226|Bishop Robert Mutemi Mutua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188227|Bonface Okhiya Otsiula]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188228|Cecilia Chelangat Ngetich]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188229|Charles Mongare Geni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188230|Daniel Kazungu Muzee]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188231|David Karithi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188232|David Wafula Wekesa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188233|Dennis Kariuki Waweru]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188234|Diriye Abdullahi Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188235|Dorcas Luvalitsa Kedogo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188236|Chris Munga Nyamaratandi Bichage]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188237|Hellen Sambili]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188238|Reginalda Nakhumicha Wanyonyi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188239|Simon Ogari]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188240|Susan Mbinya Musyoka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188241|Edwin Kipruto Barchilei]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188242|Ejidius Njogu Barua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188243|Elias Bare Shill]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188244|Elijah Mosomi Moindi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188245|Elisha Kipkorir Busienei]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188246|John Kiragu Chege]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188247|Stephen Muriuki Ngare]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188248|Eric Arap Keter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188249|Esther Nyambura Gathogo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188250|Eusilah Jepkosgei Ngeny]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188251|Florence Kajuju]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188252|Francis Kigo Njenga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188253|Francis Mwangangi Kilonzo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188254|Francis Waweru Nderitu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188255|G.J. Munuve Mati]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188256|George Mike Wanjohi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188257|George Oner Ogalo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188258|George Washinton Mallan Omondi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188259|Gideon Maitha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188260|Halima Ware Duri]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188261|Harrison Garama Kombe]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188262|Hassan Abdi Dukicha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188263|Hassan Aden Osman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188264|Hassan Mohamed Mwanyoha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188265|Hellen Chelangat Chepkwony]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188266|Hezron Awiti Bollo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188267|Willy Mtengo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188268|Ibrahim Abdi Saney]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188269|Ibrahim Ahmed Abass]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188270|Ibrahim Ahmed Sane]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188271|Jackson Kipkorir Rop]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188272|Jacob Waweru Macharia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188273|James Kimaru Bett]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188274|James Ndungu Gethenji]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188275|Jane Agnes Wanjira Machira]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188276|Jared Odhiambo Opiyo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188277|Joash Odhiambo Olum]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188278|Joe Musyimi Mutambu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188279|Joel Onyancha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188280|John Bomet Serut]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188281|John Karanja Kihagi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188282|John Muriithi Waiganjo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188283|John Njoroge Chege]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188284|John Ogutu Omondi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188285|John Owuor Onyango Kobado]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188287|Jonathan Lelelit Lati]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188288|Joseph M'eruaki M'uthari]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188289|Joseph Mburu Kahangara]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188290|Joseph Ngugi Nyumu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188291|Joseph Obiero Ndiege]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188292|Joseph Samal Lomwa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188293|Joyce Wanjalah Lay]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188294|Julius Ndegwa Kariuki]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188295|Justice Kipsang Kemei]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188296|Ken Obura Mirenga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188297|Lawrence Mpuru Aburi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188298|Leonard Kipkosgei Sang]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188299|Lisamula Silverse Anami]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188300|Mahbub Fathia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188301|Manson Nyamweya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188302|Marcus Mutua Muluvi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188303|Mary Emaase Otuch]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188304|Mary Njoki G Mbugua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188305|Mary Sally Keraa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188307|Mathew Lekidime Lempurkel]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188308|Maweu Kyengo Katatha]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188309|Michael Aringo Onyura]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188310|Michael Manthi Kisoi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188311|Mohamed Abdi Haji Mohamed]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188312|Mohamed Adan Huka]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188313|Mohamed Muktar Shidiye]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188315|Mwinga Gunga Chea]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188316|Nasra Ibrahim Ibren]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188317|Nicholas Ngikor Nixon]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188318|Patrick Keturet Ole Ntutu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188319|Patrick Wangamati]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188320|Paul Kipchirchir Bii]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188321|Peter Kamande Mwangi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188322|Peter Safari Shehe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188323|Peter Weru Kinyua]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188324|Philip Lotiolo Ruto Rotino]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188325|Priscilla Nyokabi Kanyua]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Hon. Priscillah Nyokabi light.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188326|Protus Ewesit Akujah]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188327|Rachel Ameso Amolo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188328|Raphael Milikau Otaalo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188329|Rashid Juma Bedzimba]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188330|Regina Nthambi Muia]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188331|Regina Nyeris Changorok]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188332|Roba Duba Bonaya]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188333|Rose Nyamunga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188334|Rose Rwamba Mitaru]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188335|Salim Idd Mustafa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188336|Sammy Cheruiyot Koech]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188337|Samuel Gonzi Rai]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188338|Samuel Kamunye Gichigi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188339|Samuel Kiprono Chepkonga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188340|Samuel Mathenge Ndiritu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188342|Shadrack Roger Mwita Manga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188343|Shakila Abdalla]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188344|Silvance Osele Onyango]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188345|Stephen Kengere Manoti]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188346|Stephen Kinyanjui Mburu Kk]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188347|Stephen Kirwa Bitok]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188348|Stephen Wachira Karani]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188349|Steven Kariuki]]''
| 
| 
| 2013-10-17
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188350|Suleiman Murunga Kasuti]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188351|Susan Kipketer Chebet]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188352|Timothy Moseti Bosire]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188353|Tirus Nyingi Ngahu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188354|Tiyah Galgalo Ali]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188355|Winnie Karimi Njuguna]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188356|Zainab Kalekye Chidzuga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111188703|Muriuki Karue]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189201|Adolf Muchiri]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189204|William Omondi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189739|David Njuguna Kiburi Mwaura]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189740|Francis Bayah]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111189741|Walter Enock Nyambati Osebe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190235|Paul Mugeke]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190240|Reuben Ndolo]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190306|Mwangi K.Waithaka]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190328|Thirikwa Kamau]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190337|Geoffrey Gachara Muchiri]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190367|Eliud Matu Wamae]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190376|David Muhika Mutahi]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190382|Wanyiri Kihoro]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190383|Peter Gichohi Mureithi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190387|Paul Gikonyo Muya]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190389|John Matere Keriri]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190391|Alfred Mwangi Nderitu]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190393|Joshua Ngugi Toro]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190398|Onesmus Kihara Mwangi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190415|Ignatius Ngenye Kariuki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190417|F. Njakwe Maina]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190422|David Wakairu Murathe]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190423|Moses Mwihia]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190425|Stephen Rugendo Ndicho]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190428|Njehu Gatabaki]]''
| 
| 
| 1994
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190431|John Njuguna Wanjiku]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2021
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190437|George Nyanja]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190438|Simon Kanyingi Kuria]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190441|Philip Gitonga]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190442|James Viscount Kimathi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190450|Jembe Mwakalu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190451|Joe Matano Khamisi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190455|Noah Katana Ngala]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190457|Joseph Kahindi Kingi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190458|Morris Mwachondo Dzoro]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190459|Simeon M. Mkalla]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190464|Suleiman Mwarunga Kamolleh]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190467|Abdalla Jumaa Ngozi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190468|Mohamed Salim Hashim]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190475|David Noti Kombe]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190478|Abubakar Mohamed Badawy]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190481|Lucas B. Mweni Maitha]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190490|Emmanuel Karisa Maitha]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2005
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190491|Ananiah Mwasambu Mwaboza]]''
| 
| 
| 2005
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190494|Rashid Suleiman Shakombo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190513|Suleiman Masoud]]''
| 
| 
| 2013
| 2017
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190515|Shariff Nassir]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1988
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190525|Basil Criticos]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2001
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190527|Jackson Mwalulu]]''
| 
| 
| 2001
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190538|Basil Nguku Mwakiringo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190540|Boniface Mganga]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190556|J. D. Mghanga Mwandawiro]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190564|Mohamed Abdi Galgallo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190643|Tola Mugava Kofa]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190655|Molu Galgalo Shambaro]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190658|Augustine Njeru Kathangu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190659|Charfano Guyo Mokku]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190665|Abdillahi Haji Wako]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190668|Samuel Kalii Kiminza]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190669|Patrice Mwangu Ivuti]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190674|Jimmy Muthusi Kitonga]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190676|Joseph Kimeu Ngutu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190677|Moffat Muia Maitha]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190678|Peter Kyalo Kaindi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190681|Jonesmus Mwanza Kikuyu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190682|Fredrick Mwanzia Daudi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190683|Ronald John Kiluta]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190687|John Mutua Katuku]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190689|Francis P. Wambua]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190690|James Philip Mutiso]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190699|Onesmus Mutinda Mboko]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190700|Richard Kalembe Ndile]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190703|Anthony Wambua Ndilinge]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2001
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190705|John Mutinda Mutiso]]''
| 
| 
| 2001
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190712|Peter E. N. Maundu]]''
| 
| 
| 1998
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190720|Fredrick Mulinge Kalulu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190722|Joseph Konzollo Munyao]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190724|Robert Iltaramatwa Kochalle]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190725|Titus Ngoyoni]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2006
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190730|Abdi Tari Sasura]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2006
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117031877|Ruweida Obo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117184165|Mishi Juma]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2013&lt;br/&gt;2017-08-31&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 2017-08&lt;br/&gt;2022-08
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q123505014|Ruth Odinga]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q135527680|Dorice Donya Aburi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dorice Donya Aburi.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137858963|Leo wa Muthende]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q139801656|Joyce Kamene]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q140924219|Mumina Gollo Bonaya]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Mumina Bonaya.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190742|Kirugi Laiboni M’Mukindia]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190747|Jackson Itirithia Kalweo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190748|Raphael Muriungi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190751|Benjamim R. Ndubai]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2000
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190762|Stephen Mukangu]]''
| 
| 
| 2000
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190764|Bernard Njoka Mutani]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190765|Eustace Mbuba M. Nthiga]]''
| 
| 
| 2000
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190766|Petkay Shen M’Nkiria]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190768|Guracha Boru Galgallo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2006
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190769|Malla Wario Galgallo]]''
| 
| 
| 2006
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111190771|Murango Cicilio Mwenda]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191126|George Odeny Ngure]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191145|Stephen Nyamoibi Manoti]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191151|Zephaniah M. Nyang’wara]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191154|Enoch Nyakieya Magara]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2001
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191157|Shem O. Ochuodho]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191160|Philip Okoth Okundi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191206|Hezron Manduku]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191212|Winston Ochoro Ayoki]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191218|Job Omino]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191222|Kennedy Odhiambo Nyagudi]]''
| 
| 
| 2003
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191231|Shadrack R. M. Manga]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191272|George Owino Achola]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191274|Charles Oyugi Owino]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191276|Tom Onyango]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191280|Tobias Orao Ochola Ogur]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191286|Herman O. Omamba]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191304|Samson Mwancha Nyangau Okioma]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191305|Joseph Kiangoi Ombasa]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191306|Godfrey Okeri Masanya]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191308|Henry Onyancha Obwocha]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191313|Paul Orwa Otita]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191314|Eric Opon Nyamunga]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191320|William Otula]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191322|Peter Owidi]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191330|Samuel Arthur Weya]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191331|Joe Donde]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191336|Stephen Oluoch Ondiek]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191339|Felix Useru Kanyauchi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191342|Zaddock Madiri Syongoh]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191354|Mohamed Mukhtar Shidiye]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191356|Abdillahi Sheikh Dahir]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191360|Elias Barre Shill]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191362|Mohamed Dahir Werah]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191363|Ahmed Mohamed Khalif]]''
| 
| 
| 1992&lt;br/&gt;2002
| 1997&lt;br/&gt;2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191372|Abdillahi Ibrahim Ali]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2008
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191375|Mohammed Gabow]]''
| 
| 
| 2008
| 2013
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191384|Mohamed Abdi Mohamud]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191391|Adan Kerrow Billow]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191402|Seyid Mohamed Amin]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191414|Joseph Dalldosso Lotodo]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191418|Andrew C. Kiptoon]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191421|William Kiplumbei Boit]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191426|Anthony Kipkosge Kimeto]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191435|John Kipsang arap Koech]]''
| 
| 
| 2002&lt;br/&gt;1992
| 2007&lt;br/&gt;1997
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191445|Nicholas Kiptoo Korir Salat]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191453|Kipkorir Marisin Sang]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191465|Raphael K. A. Kitur]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191499|Geoffrey Mepukori Parpai]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191505|David Lenante Sankori]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191520|Kipng’eno arap Ngeny]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191524|Noah Nondin Too]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191526|Charles D. K. arap Kirui]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191540|William Cheruiyot Morogo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191542|Joseph Kipkapto Korir]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191547|F. Chege Mbitiru]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191549|John Kiptoo Marirmoi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191554|David Kiprono Sudi]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191558|James Cheruiyot arap Koske]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191568|Dixon Kihika Kimani]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191569|Macharia Mukiri]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191571|Paul Samuel Kihara]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2003
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191577|Eric Toroitich Morogo]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191579|Alicen Chelaite]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191580|Joseph Mukera Kuria]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191584|Simeon Kiptum Choge]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191585|Jimmy Choge]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191586|Joseph T. A. Leting]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191587|Stephen Kipkiyeny Tarus]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191590|John Kipkorir Sambu]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191595|Stephen Kanyinke Ntutu]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191597|Sammy Prisa Leshore]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191601|Peter Steve Lengees]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191638|Davies Wafula Nakitare]]''
| 
| 
| 2003
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191644|Francis Ewoton Achuka]]''
| 
| 
| 1992
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191647|Francis Tarar Lagat]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191648|Joseph Lagat Kipchumba]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191657|Jesse Kibet Maizs]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191658|David Kiptanui Koros]]''
| 
| 
| 2002
| 2007
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q111191660|Christopher M. Lomada]]''
| 
| 
| 1997
| 2002
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q113506072|Irene Mrembo Njoki]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q114347943|Feisal Bader]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2021-04
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115049438|Antony Njororge Wainaina]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-09-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115053859|Mary Maingi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115127697|Amina Laura Mnyazi]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115135963|Joseph Kipkoros Makilap]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08-09
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Joseph Makilap.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115624315|Bidu Tubi Mohammed]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115690883|Stephen Mogaka]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-09-08
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Stephen Mogaka.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115925753|Suzanne Ndunge Kiamba]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q116175478|Phylis Jepkemoi Bartoo]]''
| 
| [[Kenya|Kẹ́nyà]]
| 2022-08
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>lavn1efg1n9mvh20rhy52mmzhpe18w1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Members of the National Assembly of Zambia</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>66793</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637782</id>
      <parentid>636000</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:13:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>637782</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="26796" sha1="0hnl68oq4s7cy34cvh1ndmhkhcjf3kx" xml:space="preserve">This list is not ready for use on Wikipedia because a Prime Minister of Zambia who was Prime Minister twice does not show twice. 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P39 wd:Q18607856 }
|section=
|sort=P39/Q18607856/P580
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P39/Q18607856/P580:Start date,P39/Q18607856/P582:End date,P18:Image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! Start date
! End date
! Image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29539966|Lucky Mulusa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29543126|Christopher Yaluma]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29555795|Vincent Mwale]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29555797|Moses Mawere]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29555800|Charles Banda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29555804|Dennis Wanchinga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29556814|David Mabumba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29556823|Lawrence Sichalwe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29557220|Nickson Chilangwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29559341|Edify Hamukale]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29559347|Richard Kapita]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29559350|Bowman Lusambo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29559352|Sichone Malozo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29559355|Nathaniel Mubukwanu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29559362|Brian Mundubile]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29559364|Sydney Mushanga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29559369|Japhen Mwakalombe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29559372|Makebi Zulu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q33144491|Ali Simbule]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42663477|Nakatindi Wina]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45381116|Given Katuta]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382079|Alfred Mandumbwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382293|Anthony Mumba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382305|Boyd Hamusonde]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382319|Elias Mwila]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382336|George Imbuwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382351|Jewis Chabi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382371|Lawrence Nyirenda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382390|Machila Jamba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382405|Masautso Tembo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382421|Mbololwa Subulwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382440|Mwenya Munkonge]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382456|Pavyuma Kalobo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382477|Pilila Jere]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382496|Stephen Miti]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382514|Howard Kunda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382535|Maxwell Kabanda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382549|Peter Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382568|Anthony Malama]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382585|Anthony Kasandwe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382685|Charles Zulu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382701|Chilombo Chali]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382790|Darious Mumba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382825|Davies Chisopa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382843|Davison Mung`andu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382898|Doreen Mwape]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382933|Elalio Musonda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382951|Elizabeth Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382977|Emmanuel Mulenga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45382994|Evans Chibanda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383042|Frank Ng'ambi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383066|George Mwamba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383084|Gerald Zimba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383101|Gift Chiyalika]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383152|Hastings Chansa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383183|Jacob Siwale]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383255|Jonas Chanda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383276|Joseph Kabamba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383291|Joseph Malanji]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Joseph Malanji 2018 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383326|Kalalwe Mukosa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383375|Kelvin Sampa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383410|Lazarous Chungu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383430|Listed Tembo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383509|Margaret Miti]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383524|Martin Malama]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383553|Maxas Ng’onga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383604|Mutotwe Kafwaya]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383622|Mwalimu Simfukwe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383644|Mwansa Mbulakulima]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383658|Mwimba Malama]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383726|Olipa Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383765|Ponde Mecha]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383783|Remember Mutale]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383817|Richard Musukwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383834|Rodgers Mwewa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383873|Rosaria Fundanga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383897|Salatiel Tembo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383910|Sebastian Kopulande]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45383949|Stephen Chungu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384022|Tutwa Ngulube]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384082|Whiteson Banda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384099|Yizukanji Siwanzi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384113|Ambrose Lufuma]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:US, Zambia open African Land Forces Summit 2024 (8354066) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384136|Attractor Chisangano]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384153|Brenda Tambatamba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384169|Brian Kambita]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384183|Chinga Miyutu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384199|Christopher Kalila]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384236|Clive Miyanda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384254|Cornelius Mweetwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384270|Credo Nanjuwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384285|Darius Mulunda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384298|David Kundoti]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384315|Derick Livune]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384330|Douglas Syakalima]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384351|Edgar Sing’ombe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384371|Elija Muchima]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384388|Elliot Kamondo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384403|Emmerson Machila]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384419|Ephraim Belemu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| [[Kenneth Kaunda]]
| Ààrẹ Zambia àkọ́kọ́ láti 1964 di 1991
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Kenneth David Kaunda.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q153986|Guy Scott]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 1991&lt;br/&gt;2006
| 1996&lt;br/&gt;2016
| [[Fáìlì:Guy Scott.png|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Levy Mwanawasa]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 1991-12
| 1994
| [[Fáìlì:Levy Mwanawasa.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Rupiah Banda]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 1978
| 1983
| [[Fáìlì:Rupiah Banda.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q257156|Inonge Mbikusita-Lewanika]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 1991
| 2001
| [[Fáìlì:Inonge Mbikusita-Lewanika detail, ABr 60047.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Mainza Chona]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Michael Sata]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Michael Chilufya Sata on April 2, 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q329514|Nalumino Mundia]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q367456|Roy Welensky]]''
| 
| [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q750583|Southern Rhodesia]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q953903|Northern Rhodesia]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q654342|Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland]]''
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Roy welensky.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q642870|Paul J. F. Lusaka]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q716006|Kebby Musokotwane]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q717737|Elijah Mudenda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q781111|Austin Liato]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q817630|Benjamin Mwila]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 1991
| 2011
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q818076|Benny Tetamashimba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q912005|Brian Chituwo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1051020|Catherine Namugala]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| [[Christon Tembo]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1161591|Daniel Lisulo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1176125|David Phiri]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1243653|Dora Siliya]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Dora Siliya is Zambia;s Education Minister and MMD Spokesperson 3rd May 2010 Picture by Derrick Sinjela.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1251953|Gladys Nyirongo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1370616|Ronald Penza]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1381724|Evelyn Dennison Hone]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1403691|Felix Mutati]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Felix Mutati (2024) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1498614|Kapembwa Simbao]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1503022|Geoffrey Lungwangwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| [[George Kunda]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:George Kunda (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1529107|Gladys Lundwe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Godfrey Miyanda]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1557844|Gwendoline Konie]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Gwendoline Konie (1981).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1586671|Harry Mwaanga Nkumbula]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Harry Nkumbula.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1703016|Jonas Shakafuswa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1720830|Kabinga Pande]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Zambia, Mr. Kabinga Pande meeting the Vice President, Shri Mohd. Hamid Ansari, in Lusaka, Zambia on January 07, 2010.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2074457|Peter Daka]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| [[Reuben Kamanga]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Simon Kapwepwe]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2373674|Sydney Chisanga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2374229|Sylvia Masebo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2001-12
| 2016-08
| [[Fáìlì:Sylvia Masebo close up.png|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2517357|Vernon Mwaanga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2584804|Winright Ngondo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4286479|Luke Mwananshiku]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4719011|Alexander Grey Zulu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4850578|Baldwin Nkumbula]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4896329|Besnat Jere]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5056040|Cecil Dennistoun Burney]]''
| 
| [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Zambia|Sámbíà]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan Brítánì Olókìkí àti Írẹ́lándì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5279692|Dipak Patel]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5337499|Edgar Unsworth]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5373258|Emmanuel Kasonde]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Enoch Kavindele]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5482057|Francis Nkhoma]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5559300|Gibson Chigaga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5565823|Given Lubinda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Given Lubinda.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6136879|James John Skinner]]''
| 
| [[Màláwì]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6189025|Jethro Mutti]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6481677|Lameck Chibombamilimo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6503921|Lawrence Chola Katilunga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| [[Lupando Mwape]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2000
| 2006
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6759764|Margaret Mwanakatwe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Tenth WTO Ministerial Conference - Day 3 Margaret Mwanakatwe (23182707544).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7071637|N’gandu Peter Magande]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Ngandu Magande, IMF 2003.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7173258|Peter Chintala]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7327509|Richard Edmonds Luyt]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Richard Edmonds Luyt (1915-1984) portrait.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7349678|Robert Selby Taylor]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7532178|Situmbeko Musokotwane]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Musokotwane, Situmbeko (IMF 2009).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7615802|Stewart Gore-Browne]]''
| 
| [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Zambia|Sámbíà]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan Brítánì Olókìkí àti Írẹ́lándì]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7660772|Sylvester Chisembele]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Chisembele, S.M..jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| [[Edgar Lungu]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2011-09
| 2015-01-25
| [[Fáìlì:Edgar Lungu in TICAD VII (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18720153|Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18720231|Miles Sampa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18908010|Inonge Wina]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 2021-08-24
| [[Fáìlì:Inonge Wina.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19281868|Alexander Chikwanda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19560917|Harry Kalaba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Välisminister Sven Mikser ja Sambia välisminister Harry Kalaba (31719036133).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19560941|Joseph Kasonde]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Joseph Kasonde.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19560944|Joseph Katema]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21030318|Brian Andre Doyle]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21997858|Chifita Matafwali]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21997866|Humphrey Mwanza]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22006727|Patrick Matibini]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2011-10-06
| 2021-09-03
| [[Fáìlì:2020 Patrick Matibini (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23541019|Chishimba Kambwili]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24204899|Robert Christopher Stafford Stanley]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26721408|Edith Nawakwi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26923348|Vera Tembo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27063131|Joyce Nonde-Simukoko]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27063175|Davies Chama]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27063490|Chitalu Chilufya]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:The Zambian minister of Health Addresses the Zambian citizens about Corona Virus and encourages Zambians to stay indoors.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27063683|Stephen Kampyongo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27063686|Godfridah Sumaili]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27517522|Micheal Katambo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27662555|Brian Mushimba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27891778|Nkandu Luo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Nkandu Luo in September 2017 in Vienna (01116355) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27899009|Victoria Kalima]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 2018-06-11
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q27947831|Jean Kapata]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28223205|Daniel Munkombwe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29539929|Emerine Kabanshi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29539935|Kampamba Chilumba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29539941|Sylvia Chalikosa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29539945|Lloyd Kaziya]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29539950|Chomba Sikazwe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29539957|Ronald Chitotela]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29539961|Matthew Nkhuwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384435|Frank Kufakwandi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384454|Fred Chaatila]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384471|Gary Nkombo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Gary Nkombo in 2023.jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384504|Gift Sialubalo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384522|Harry Kamboni]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384543|Herbert Shabula]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384555|Jacob Mwiimbu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:2023 Zambian SDA Big Sabbath by Icem4k 09 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384572|Kabwe Mwiinga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384592|Kapelwa Mbangweta]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384604|Kasautu Michelo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384622|Keith Mukata]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 2018-02-28
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384638|Leaky Kintu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384661|Leonard Fungulwe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384683|Makozo Chikote]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384702|Mathews Jere]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384719|Mirriam Chonya]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384734|Misheck Mutelo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384753|Moono Lubezhi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384771|Mubika Mubika]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384786|Mukumbuta Mulowa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384803|Mundia Ndalamei]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384819|Mutinta Mazoka]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384835|Mwilola Imakando]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384849|Naluwa Mwene]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 2018-08-28
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384868|Newton Samakayi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384885|Patricia Mwashingwele]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| [[Ọmọ-binrin ọba Kasune]]
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384919|Prisca Kucheka]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384934|Rasfold Bulaya]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384953|Robert Lihefu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384968|Sheal S. Mulyata]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45384980|Sililo Mutaba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45385011|Sitwala Sitwala]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45385024|Stafford Mulusa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45385044|Stanley Kakubo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45385060|Teddy Kasonso]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q45385077|Victor Lumayi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q46160201|Alexander Chiteme]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q47088134|Clement Sinyinda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48656690|Highvie Hamududu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48813015|Japhet Moonde]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48897338|Edgar Keembe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48921853|Eli Mwanang'onze]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48976450|Rex Natala]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48980036|Esther Banda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48984623|Wamundila Muliokela]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48991539|Sikota Wina]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q49175417|Emmanuel Chenda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q49560936|Joseph Zulu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50191629|James Kapyanga]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50278781|Kayula Kakusa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50354989|Paul Katema]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50375778|Mathew Mulanda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50376513|Andrew Kashita]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50376838|Patrick Musonda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50377021|Austin Chewe]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50384557|Paul Tembo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50385868|Thomas Spurgeon Page]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50387658|Robinson Nabulyato]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50388037|Fwanyanga Mulikita]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50402690|Amusaa Mwanamwambwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50530899|Gerry Chanda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50615316|Eddie Musonda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50615973|Lawrence Zimba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50617364|Friday Malwa]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50620214|John Mwaimba]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50621789|Macdonald Nkabika]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50628489|Gabriel Maka]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50804921|Abel Chambeshi]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56071389|Maria Langa]]''
| 
| 
| 2018-06-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56229456|Mumbi Phiri]]''
| 
| 
| 2018-01-11
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60525004|Nakatindi Yeta Nganga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60854009|Sensio Banda]]''
| 
| 
| 2018-09-06
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65044674|Patrick Anthony Mwewa Chikusu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q93883132|Bwalya Stanley Kasonde Chiti]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q94450370|Ester Banda]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q95208540|Margret Mbeba]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585925|Aubrey Kapalasa]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585931|Bwalya Ng'andu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585937|Charles Chalwe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585938|Fube Mulenga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585940|George Chisanga]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585942|Goodwin Putu]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585944|Joseph Chishala]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585956|Kabaso Kampampi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585962|Raphael Nakacinda]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107585969|Romeo Kang'ombe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109862903|Chushi C. Kasanda]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2016-08-11
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Chushi Kasanda 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141487091|Iris Kaingu]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2026-09-07
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Swearing-in process of MPs 2026 56 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141526683|Thomas Sipalo]]''
| 
| [[Zambia|Sámbíà]]
| 2026-09-07
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Thomas Sipalo (cropped).jpg|center|128px]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>0hnl68oq4s7cy34cvh1ndmhkhcjf3kx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Funsho Williams</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>67526</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637749</id>
      <parentid>611859</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T06:54:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637749</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7165" sha1="7cmlmxe3eyl87pdrqyootojozbaybe9" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder|name=Anthony Olufunso Williams|image=|image_size=|caption=|order=|term_start=|term_end=|predecessor=|successor=|birth_name=Anthony Olufunso Williams|birth_date={{birth date|1948|5|9|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Lagos]], [[Lagos State]], [[Nigeria]]|death_date={{Death date and age|2006|7|27|1948|5|9|df=y}}|death_place=[[Dolphin Estate, Ikoyi]], [[Lagos]], Nigeria|party=[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]]|alma_mater=[[St Gregory's College, Lagos]]&lt;br /&gt; [[University of Lagos]].}}

'''Anthony Olufunsho Williams''' abi ní ọjọ̀ kẹsàn-an oṣù karùn-ún ọdún1948 sí ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n ọdún 2006) jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ olóṣèlú ará ilẹ̀ [[Ìtàn ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà|Nàìjíríà]] tó sì ti kó ipa ribiribi láwùjọ láti [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó]] àti alákòóso tẹ́lẹ̀ lábẹ́ ìṣàkóso ológun ti Colonel [[Ọlágúnsóyè Oyinlọlá|Olagunsoye Oyinlola]] ní ìlú Èkó

== Ìgbésí ayé rẹ̀ ==
Funsho Williams lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Katoliki ti Pọ́ọ̀lù mímọ́ ní [[Ebute Metta]] àti lẹ́yìn náà ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga St Gregory, ní Èkó . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/famous-parents/we-feared-our-fathers-silence-funsho-williams-son/|title=We feared our father's silence- Funsho William's son|date=July 7, 2013|access-date=2015-03-15|archivedate=2015-05-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528000852/http://www.punchng.com/feature/famous-parents/we-feared-our-fathers-silence-funsho-williams-son/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 1968, ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní [[Yunifásítì ìlú Èkó|Yunifásítì ti ìlú Èkó]],  ó sì gba oyè nínú ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ ìkọ́lé. Lẹ́yìn náà, ó lọ sí Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ ti New Jersey fún  ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́gboyè ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kejì rẹ̀. 

== Gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣìṣẹ́ Ìjọba ==
Ní ọdún 1974, Williams padà sí orilẹ̀ èdè Nàìjíríà ó sì dara pọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́ ìjọba [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó|ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó]] . Ó lo ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún ó sì ṣiṣẹ́ ní ẹ̀ka ìkọ́lé ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó. bìi ìdá mẹ́tàdínlọ́gọ́rùn-ún àwọn ọ̀nà àti afárá tó wà ní ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó ni wọ́n kọ́ lábẹ́ àkóso rẹ̀. Williams jẹ́ Akọ̀wé Àgbà nígbà tí ó fi iṣẹ́ ìjọba sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1991.

Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ okòwò, ṣùgbọ́n kò pẹ́ tótùn fi padà sí iṣẹ́ ìjọba, gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kọmíṣọ́nà/Alákòóso ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó lábẹ́ ìṣàkóso ológun ti Ọ̀gágun [[Ọlágúnsóyè Oyinlọlá|Olagunsoye Oyinlola]] .

== Gẹ́gẹ́ bí olòṣèlú ==
Ní àárín ọdún 1990, Williams pinnu láti dara pọ̀ mọ́ òṣèlú kí ó lè gbé ìlànà kalẹ̀, dípò kí ó kàn máa dá ṣe é. Ó kọ́kọ́ dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú United Nigeria Congress Party (UNCP), ṣùgbọ́n lẹ́yìn ikú aṣíwájú wọn, Ọ̀gágun [[Sani Abacha|Sani Abacha,]] ó yalọ sí inú ẹgbẹ́ Alliance for Democracy (AD).

Lẹ́yìn ìgbà díẹ̀, Williams tún yí ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú padà, ní àkókò yìí lọ sí inú [[People's Democratic Party|ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú People's Democratic Party]] (PDP). Àwọn ni wọ́n borí nínú ètò ìdìbò tó wáyé ní ọdún 2003 lábẹ́ ìdarí Ààrẹ [[Olúṣẹ́gun Ọbásanjọ́|Olusegun Obasanjo]] .

Williams ti dije lẹẹmeji tẹlẹ ninu idibo [[Àkójọ àwọn Gómìnà Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó|Gomina]] [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó|Ipinle Eko]]. Kí ó tó jáde láyé ó ń reti ìyànsípò rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdíje fún ipò Gómìnà lábẹ́ àsìà ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú PDP fún ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó. Ó ti se ìlérí láti gba ìṣàkóso ìpínlẹ̀ ọlẹ́rọ náà kúrò lọ́wọ́ Ẹgbẹ́ Alliance for Democracy.

== Àwọn ipò tóti ṣiṣẹ́ ==
Williams ni olùdarí ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́:

* Julius Berger Nigeria Plc
* [[Cappa and D'Alberto Plc|Cappa àti D'Alberto Plc]]
* Ile-iṣẹ Irin [[Agbègbè Ìjọba Ìbílẹ̀ Ajaokuta|Ajaokuta]]
* Ààrẹ ìgbìmọ̀ olùdarí Àjọ Ìṣàkóso Òkun Àgbáyé

== Ikú Rẹ̀ ==
Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbàn oṣù keje ọdún 2006, wọ́n rí Funsho Williams tí wọ́n dè mọ́lẹ̀, tí wọ́n fún ní ọgbẹ́, tí wọ́n sì fi ọ̀bẹ gún ní ilé rẹ̀ ní [[Dolphin Estate, Ikoyi|Dolphin Estate]], [[Ìkóyí|ní Ìkòyí]], agbègbè àwọn ọlọ́rọ̀ kan ní ìlú Èkó. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/famous-parents/we-feared-our-fathers-silence-funsho-williams-son/|title=We feared our father's silence- Funsho William's son|date=July 7, 2013|access-date=2015-03-15|archivedate=2015-05-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528000852/http://www.punchng.com/feature/famous-parents/we-feared-our-fathers-silence-funsho-williams-son/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù keje, ọdún 2006, wọ́n mú àwọn ènìyàn méjì nítorí ikú rẹ̀. Ọ̀kan jẹ́ olùdarí ìpolongo rẹ̀, èkejì sì jẹ́ Aṣòfin àti Mínísítà fún ọ̀rọ̀ Iṣẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ [[Adeseye Ogunlewe|Kingsley Adéṣẹ̀yẹ Ògúnléwe]] . Ògúnléwé náà ń retí láti di olùdíje Gómìnà lábẹ́ àsìá ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú ti PDP. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/28/AR2006072801098.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020162607/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/28/AR2006072801098.html |date=2012-10-20 }}

Wọ́n sin Williams sí ibojì Victoria Court, ní ìlú Èkó. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/feature/famous-parents/we-feared-our-fathers-silence-funsho-williams-son/|title=We feared our father's silence- Funsho William's son|date=July 7, 2013|access-date=2015-03-15|archivedate=2015-05-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528000852/http://www.punchng.com/feature/famous-parents/we-feared-our-fathers-silence-funsho-williams-son/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyàwó rẹ̀, Hilda, àti àwọn ọmọ mẹ́rin ló fi sílẹ̀ sáyé lọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;sahara&quot;&gt;{{Cite news}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ní Ìrántí rẹ̀ ==
Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kejì ọdún 2007, ní nǹkan bí oṣù méje lẹ́yìn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìpànìyàn rẹ̀, Gómìnà [[Bọ́lá Tinúbú|Bola Ahmed Tinubu]], Gómìnà Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó nígbà náà, gbèrò láti fi ọlá fún ẹni tí ó kú, ó yí orúkọ òpópónà Western Avenue tí ó gùn jùlọ àti tí ó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní Èkó padà sí Funsho William Avenue.  Síbẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ènìyàn nì ìlú Èkó ló ṣì mọ̀ ọ̀nà náà sí Western Avenue.

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==

== Àwọn ìjápọ̀ àgbáyé ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080215013033/http://www.lagosstate.gov.ng/ Ojuú òpo ayélujára ti Ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó] .
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 2006]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1948]]</text>
      <sha1>7cmlmxe3eyl87pdrqyootojozbaybe9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Asisat Òṣóàlà</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>68236</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637719</id>
      <parentid>585456</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:45:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637719</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3907" sha1="8uc8xiqz0rvka35x1vnmk0y8kxt6ap6" xml:space="preserve">
[[File:Asisat Oshoala 2019 Champions League.jpg|Asisat_Oshoala_2019_Champions_League]]

{{Infobox football biography
| name = Asisat Oshoala
| image = Asisat Oshoala 20190421 (cropped).jpg
| caption = Oshoala with [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] in 2019
| fullname = Asisat Lamina Oshoala&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=List of Players – Nigeria |url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FU20W/2014/pdf/FU20W_2014_SquadLists.pdf |publisher=[[FIFA]] |accessdate=15 November 2014 |format=PDF |date=4 August 2014 |page=14 |archive-date=9 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809083056/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FU20W/2014/pdf/FU20W_2014_SquadLists.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1994|10|9|df=yes}}&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA 2015&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf |title=List of Players – 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup |work=[[FIFA|Fédération Internationale de Football Association]] |accessdate=20 June 2015 |archivedate=28 May 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150528143625/http://www.fifadata.com/document/FWWC/2015/pdf/FWWC_2015_SquadLists.pdf |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_place = [[Ikorodu]], Nigeria
| height = {{convert|1.73|m|abbr=on}}&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA 2015&quot; /&gt;
| position = [[Forward (association football)|Forward]]
| currentclub = [[FC Barcelona Femení]]
| clubnumber = 20
| youthyears1 = 
| youthclubs1 = [[FC Robo]]
| years1 = 2009–2013
| clubs1 = [[FC Robo]]
| caps1 = &lt;!-- LEAGUE APPEARANCES &amp; GOALS ONLY--&gt;
| goals1 = 
| years2 = 2013–2015
| clubs2 = [[Rivers Angels]]
| caps2 = &lt;!-- LEAGUE APPEARANCES &amp; GOALS ONLY--&gt;
| goals2 = 
| years3 = 2015
| clubs3 = [[Liverpool L.F.C.|Liverpool Ladies]]
| caps3 = 9&lt;!-- LEAGUE APPEARANCES &amp; GOALS ONLY--&gt;
| goals3 = 3
| years4 = 2016
| clubs4 = [[Arsenal L.F.C.|Arsenal Ladies]]
| caps4 = 11&lt;!-- LEAGUE APPEARANCES &amp; GOALS ONLY--&gt;
| goals4 = 2
| years5 = 2017–2018
| clubs5 = [[Dalian Quanjian F.C.]]
| caps5 = ?&lt;!-- LEAGUE APPEARANCES &amp; GOALS ONLY--&gt;
| goals5 = 23
| years6 = 2019
| clubs6 = → [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]] (loan)
| caps6 = 7&lt;!-- LEAGUE APPEARANCES &amp; GOALS ONLY--&gt;
| goals6 = 7
| years7 = 2019–
| clubs7 = [[FC Barcelona Femení|Barcelona]]
| caps7 = 8&lt;!-- LEAGUE APPEARANCES &amp; GOALS ONLY--&gt;
| goals7 = 7
| nationalyears1 = 2011–
| nationalteam1 = [[Nigeria women's national football team|Nigeria]]
| nationalcaps1 = 17&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=357650/index.html |title=Profile |publisher=FIFA.com |accessdate=20 June 2015 |archive-date=3 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703075921/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/players/player=357650/index.html |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| nationalgoals1 = 11
| medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Women's [[Association football|Football]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{NGR}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Women's African Football Championship|African Championships]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2014 African Women's Championship|2014 Namibia]]|Nigeria}} 
{{MedalGold|[[2016 African Women's Championship|2016 Cameroon]]|Nigeria}} 
{{MedalGold|[[2018 African Women Cup of Nations|2018 Ghana]]|Nigeria}}
| club-update = May 5, 2019
| nationalteam-update = 18:00, 17 June 2015 (UTC)
}}

'''Asisat Lámínà Òṣóàlà''' MON tí wọ́n bí ní Ọjọ́ Kẹ̀sán-án oṣù kẹwàá ọdún (9 October 1994) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lùbìnrin ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè [[Nàìjíríà]], tí ó ń gba bọ́ọ̀lù jẹun fún ikọ̀ agbábọ́ọ̀lùbìnrin Barcelona ni orílẹ̀ èdè [[Spain]]. Ó máa ń gba bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù-sáwọ̀n, (Striker). &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/170211/Oshoala_off_to_China |title=Oshoala off to China |date=11 February 2017 |publisher=SuperSport |accessdate=11 February 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>8uc8xiqz0rvka35x1vnmk0y8kxt6ap6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Facebook</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>68239</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637745</id>
      <parentid>636449</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T06:13:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637745</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="79963" sha1="2k28ikm5bdu9qh2pyuey2gp4heb4ar7" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Social networking service owned by Meta Platforms}}
{{About|the social media service|its owner, formerly known as Facebook, Inc.|Meta Platforms}}
{{distinguish|Face book}}
{{pp-semi-indef}}
{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{pp-move}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2015}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox website
| name = Facebook
| logo = [[File:2023 Facebook icon.svg|75px|Facebook logo]] [[File:Facebook logo (2023).svg|175px|Facebook wordmark]]
| logo_alt = The Facebook logo is a circular logo with a sans-serif white letter &quot;F&quot; with a blue background.
| logo_caption = Logo used since September 2023
| screenshot = Facebook user page.png
| screenshot_alt = This is a screenshot of Mark Zuckerburg's Facebook profile. It includes his profile photo and a header photo of llamas.
| caption = Mark Zuckerberg's profile (viewed when [[Login|logged out]]), 2023
| collapsible = no
| type = [[Social networking service]]
| language = [[Multilingualism|Multilingual]]&lt;br /&gt;Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Assamese, Azerbaijani, Basque, Belarusian, Bengali, Bosnian, Breton, Bulgarian, Burmese, Catalan, Cebuano, Corsican, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Dutch (België), English (UK), English (US), English (upside down), Esperanto, Estonian, Faroese, Filipino, Finnish, French (Canada), French (France), Frisian, Fula, Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Guarani, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Japanese (Kansai), Javanese, Kannada, Kazakh, Khmer, Kinyarwanda, Korean, Kurdish (Kurmanji), Kyrgyz, Lao, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malagasy, Malay, Malayalam, Maltese, Marathi, Mongolian, Nepali, Norwegian (bokmal), Norwegian (nynorsk), Odia, Pashto, Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazil), Portuguese (Portugal), Punjabi, Romanian, Russian, Sardinian, Serbian, Shona, Silesian, Simplified Chinese (China), Sinhala, Slovak, Slovenian, Somali, Sorani Kurdish, Spanish, Spanish (Spain), Swahili, Swedish, Syriac, Tajik, Tamazight, Tamil, Tatar, Telugu, Tetun, Thai, Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong), Traditional Chinese (Taiwan), Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Uzbek, Vietnamese, Welsh and Zaza
| language_count = 112
| language_footnote = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Facebook Interface Languages|url=https://www.facebook.com/language.php|website=Facebook (Select your language)|access-date=July 19, 2020|archive-date=January 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126220101/http://www.facebook.com/language.php|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| founded = {{Start date and age|2004|02|04}} in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], US
| area_served = Worldwide, except [[Censorship of Facebook|blocking countries]]
| founder = {{Unbulleted list | [[Mark Zuckerberg]] | [[Dustin Moskovitz]] | [[Chris Hughes]] | [[Andrew McCollum]] | [[Eduardo Saverin]]}}
| CEO = Mark Zuckerberg&lt;!-- Please do not link; this has been already linked. See [[WP:OVERLINK]] --&gt;
| url = {{URL|https://www.facebook.com/|facebook.com}}
| registration = Required (to do any activity)
| users = {{increase}} 3.04&amp;nbsp;billion monthly active users ({{as of|2025|06|05|lc=yes}})&lt;ref name=&quot;investor-report&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Facebook Reports First Quarter 2022 Results |url=https://investor.fb.com/investor-news/press-release-details/2022/Meta-Reports-First-Quarter-2022-Results/default.aspx |website=Facebook Investor Relations |access-date=April 27, 2022 |date=March 31, 2022 |archive-date=June 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605105810/https://investor.fb.com/investor-news/press-release-details/2022/Meta-Reports-First-Quarter-2022-Results/default.aspx |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| launch_date = {{Start date and age|2004|02|04}}
| owner = [[Meta Platforms]]
| current_status = Active
| programming_language = [[C++]], [[Hack (programming language)|Hack]] (as [[HHVM]]) and [[PHP]]
| footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;Our History&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Our History|url=https://newsroom.fb.com/company-info/|website=Facebook|access-date=November 7, 2018|archive-date=November 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115110456/https://newsroom.fb.com/company-info/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Gavin|last=Clarke|title=Facebook re-write takes PHP to an enterprise past|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/02/02/facebook_hiphop_unveiled/|website=[[The Register]]|publisher=Situation Publishing|date=February 2, 2010|access-date=March 23, 2017|archive-date=May 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200528131046/https://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/02/02/facebook_hiphop_unveiled/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/02/facebook-mark-zuckerberg-platform-publisher-lawsuit|title=Is Facebook a publisher? In public it says no, but in court it says yes|first=Sam|last=Levin|date=July 3, 2018|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=June 23, 2019|archive-date=February 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221205000/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/jul/02/facebook-mark-zuckerberg-platform-publisher-lawsuit|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

'''Facebook''' jẹ́ iṣẹ́ ìkànnì àwùjọ àti ìkànnì àwùjọ ti Amẹ́ríkà tí ilé iṣẹ́ ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ Amẹ́ríkà Meta ni. Mark Zuckerberg dá a sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 2004 pẹ̀lú àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ mẹ́rin mìíràn ní Harvard College àti àwọn ẹlẹgbẹ́ wọn, Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, àti Chris Hughes, orúkọ rẹ̀ wá láti inú àwọn ìwé ojú ìwé tí a sábà máa ń fún àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ yunifásítì Amẹ́ríkà. Ní àkọ́kọ́, ẹgbẹ́ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Harvard nìkan ni wọ́n ń lò, ó sì ń tàn káàkiri sí àwọn yunifásítì mìíràn ní Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà.

Láti ọdún 2006, Facebook fún gbogbo ènìyàn láyè láti forúkọ sílẹ̀ láti ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàlá, àyàfi ní àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè díẹ̀, níbi tí ọjọ́ orí tí a béèrè fún jẹ́ ọdún mẹ́rìnlá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=How do I report a child under the age of 14 on Facebook in South Korea, Spain or Quebec, Canada? |url=https://www.facebook.com/help/100532533374396/?helpref=related_articles%3DHow |website=Facebook |access-date=October 9, 2023 |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013215702/https://www.facebook.com/help/100532533374396/?helpref=related_articles=How |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Títí di Oṣù Kejìlá 2023 , Facebook gba fere 3.07 bílíọ̀nù àwọn olùlò tí ń ṣiṣẹ́ lóṣooṣù kárí ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How Many Users Does Facebook Have in 2024? |url=https://www.oberlo.com/statistics/how-many-users-does-facebook-have |access-date=January 11, 2025 |website=Oberlo}}&lt;/ref&gt; Títí di July 2025 , Facebook ni ipo kẹta ninu oju opo wẹẹbu ti a ṣe ibẹwo julọ julọ ni agbaye, pẹlu 23% ti awọn ijabọ rẹ wa lati Amẹrika.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.similarweb.com/website/facebook.com/#geography|title=facebook.com|website=similarweb.com|access-date=November 15, 2023|archive-date=November 12, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231112112639/https://www.similarweb.com/website/facebook.com/#geography|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; O jẹ ohun elo alagbeka ti a gba lati ayelujara julọ ni awọn ọdun 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://9to5mac.com/2019/12/16/apps-and-games-of-the-decade/|title=These were the most-downloaded apps and games of the decade|last=Miller|first=Chance|date=December 17, 2019|website=9to5Mac|language=en-US|access-date=December 17, 2019|archive-date=December 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217130013/https://9to5mac.com/2019/12/16/apps-and-games-of-the-decade/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A le wọle si Facebook lati inu awọn ẹrọ ti o ni asopọ intanẹẹti, gẹgẹbi awọn kọnputa ti ara ẹni, awọn tabulẹti ati awọn fonutologbolori . Lẹhin iforukọsilẹ, awọn olumulo le ṣẹda profaili kan ti o ṣafihan alaye ti ara ẹni nipa ara wọn. Wọn le fi awọn ọrọ ranṣẹ, awọn fọto ati multimedia ti a pin pẹlu awọn olumulo miiran ti o ti gba lati jẹ ọrẹ wọn tabi, pẹlu awọn eto ikọkọ oriṣiriṣi, ni gbangba. Awọn olumulo tun le ba ara wọn sọrọ taara pẹlu Messenger, ṣatunkọ awọn ifiranṣẹ (laarin iṣẹju 15 lẹhin fifiranṣẹ),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2023/12/11/23997428/messenger-now-lets-you-edit-messages|title=Messenger now lets you edit messages.|first=Jay|last=Peters|date=December 11, 2023|website=The Verge}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://mezha.media/en/2023/12/12/facebook-messenger-finally-allows-you-to-edit-messages-but-you-ll-only-have-15-minutes-to-do-so/|title=Facebook Messenger finally allows you to edit messages, but you'll only have 15 minutes to do so|website=Mezha.Media}}&lt;/ref&gt;
darapọ mọ awọn ẹgbẹ ti o ni anfani gbogbogbo, ati gba awọn iwifunni lori awọn iṣẹ ti awọn ọrẹ Facebook wọn ati awọn oju-iwe ti wọn tẹle.

Wọ́n ti ń ṣe àríwísí Facebook nígbà gbogbo lórí àwọn ọ̀ràn bíi ìpamọ́ olùlò (gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtànjẹ ìwádìí Facebook–Cambridge Analytica ), àrékérekè ìṣèlú (gẹ́gẹ́ bí ti ìdìbò US ti ọdún 2016 ) àti ìṣọ́ra gbogbogbòò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=May 24, 2018|title=Facebook accused of conducting mass surveillance through its apps|url=http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/may/24/facebook-accused-of-conducting-mass-surveillance-through-its-apps|access-date=October 9, 2020|website=[[The Guardian]]|language=en|last1=Cadwalladr|first1=Carole|last2=Graham-Harrison|first2=v|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114003235/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/may/24/facebook-accused-of-conducting-mass-surveillance-through-its-apps|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ilé-iṣẹ́ náà tún ti dojúkọ àríwísí lórí àwọn ipa ọpọlọ rẹ̀ bíi ìfàmọ́ra àti ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé ara-ẹni tí kò pọ̀, àti lórí àwọn akoonu bíi ìròyìn èké, àwọn èrò ìdìtẹ̀, ìrúfin ẹ̀tọ́ àdáàkọ, àti ọ̀rọ̀ ìkórìíra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/dec/21/quit-facebook-privacy-scandal-private-messages|title=Is 2019 the year you should finally quit Facebook?|first=Arwa|last=Mahdawi|date=December 21, 2018|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=January 24, 2019|archive-date=May 28, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528063824/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/dec/21/quit-facebook-privacy-scandal-private-messages|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn olùṣàlàyé ti fi ẹ̀sùn kan Facebook pé ó ń mú kí irú àwọn akoonu bẹ́ẹ̀ tàn kálẹ̀, àti pé ó ń ṣe àgbéga iye àwọn olùlò rẹ̀ láti fa àwọn olùpolówó mọ́ra.&lt;ref name=useradappeal&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theregister.com/2018/08/17/facebook_ad_reach_lawsuit/#:~:text='Made%2Dup%20PR%20numbers',to%20exaggerate%20online%20advertising%20audience&amp;text=Facebook%20brags%20it%20has%20a,than%201.27bn%20fake%20accounts.|title=Facebook flat-out 'lies' about how many people can see its ads – lawsuit|first=Thomas|last=Claburn|publisher=The Register|date=August 17, 2018|access-date=November 18, 2020|archive-date=September 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230907062047/https://www.theregister.com/2018/08/17/facebook_ad_reach_lawsuit/#:~:text='Made%2Dup%20PR%20numbers',to%20exaggerate%20online%20advertising%20audience&amp;text=Facebook%20brags%20it%20has%20a,than%201.27bn%20fake%20accounts.|url-status=live|archivedate=September 7, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230907062047/https://www.theregister.com/2018/08/17/facebook_ad_reach_lawsuit/#:~:text='Made%2Dup%20PR%20numbers',to%20exaggerate%20online%20advertising%20audience&amp;text=Facebook%20brags%20it%20has%20a,than%201.27bn%20fake%20accounts.|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==&lt;span class=&quot;anchor&quot; id=&quot;Thefacebook&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Ìtàn ==
[[File:MarkZuckerberg-crop.jpg|thumb|left|[[Mark Zuckerberg]], co-creator of Facebook, in his [[Harvard University|Harvard]] [[dorm room]], November 2005]]

Ìtàn Facebook tọ́ka sí ìdàgbàsókè rẹ̀ láti ojú òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù kọ́lẹ́ẹ̀jì sí iṣẹ́ ìsopọ̀pọ̀ àwùjọ kárí ayés.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2007/jul/25/media.newmedia|title=A brief history of Facebook|first=Sarah|last=Phillips|newspaper=The Guardian |date=July 25, 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nígbà tí Zuckerberg wà ní Phillips Exeter ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2000, ó pàdé Kris Tillery. Tillery, alábáṣiṣẹpọ̀ iṣẹ́ kan náà pẹ̀lú Zuckerberg, yóò ṣẹ̀dá iṣẹ́ àkànṣe ìbánisọ̀rọ̀pọ̀ àwùjọ ilé-ìwé kan tí a ń pè ní Photo Address Book. Photo Address Book jẹ́ ìwé ojú-ìwé oní-nọ́ńbà, tí a ṣẹ̀dá nípasẹ̀ ibi ìkópamọ́ ìsopọ̀mọ́ra tí a sopọ̀ mọ́ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tí a rí láti inú àkọsílẹ̀ ìjọba ti Exeter Student Council. Ibi ìkópamọ́ ìsopọ̀mọ́ra náà ní àwọn ìjápọ̀ bíi orúkọ, nọ́mbà ilé-ìwé pàtó fún àwọn ọmọ ilé-ìwé, àti àwọn àwòrán orí àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Levy |first=Steven |url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/551043/facebook-by-steven-levy/ |title=Facebook: The Inside Story |date=2020 |publisher=Penguin Random House |location=New York City, New York |archive-url=https://archive.today/20251003203055/https://www.smry.ai/proxy?url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/551043/facebook-by-steven-levy |archive-date=October 3, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Mark Zuckerberg kọ́ ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù kan tí a ń pè ní &quot;Facemash&quot; ní ọdún 2003 nígbà tí ó ń lọ sí Yunifásítì Harvard . Ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà jọ Hot tàbí Not, ó sì lo àwọn fọ́tò láti inú àwọn ìwé ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù lórí ayélujára, ó ń béèrè lọ́wọ́ àwọn olùlò láti yan ẹni tí ó “gbóná jù”.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvard Crimson on Facemash&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Katharine A. |last=Kaplan |title=Facemash Creator Survives Ad Board |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2003/11/19/facemash-creator-survives-ad-board-the/ |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]] |date=November 19, 2003 |access-date=June 24, 2017 |archive-date=May 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504172812/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2003/11/19/facemash-creator-survives-ad-board-the/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n ròyìn pé Zuckerberg yóò lé wọn kúrò, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n ti fagilé ẹ̀sùn náà&lt;ref name=&quot;Harvard Crimson on Facemash&quot; /&gt;

Ìwé ojú ìwé &quot; jẹ́ àkójọ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tí ó ní àwọn fọ́tò àti ìwífún nípa ara ẹni. Ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2004, Zuckerberg ṣe àmì sí ojú ìwé tuntun kan tí a mọ̀ sí &quot;TheFacebook&quot;, ó sọ pé, &quot;Ó ṣe kedere pé ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ tí a nílò láti ṣẹ̀dá ojú ìwé ayélujára tí ó wà ní ìṣọ̀kan wà ní ìrọ̀rùn ... àwọn àǹfààní náà pọ̀.&quot; Zuckerberg pàdé pẹ̀lú akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Harvard Eduardo Saverin, olúkúlùkù sì gbà láti fi $1,000 sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Claire|last=Hoffman|title=The Battle For Facebook|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/the-battle-for-facebook-20100915|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|publisher=Wenner Media|date=September 15, 2010|access-date=July 4, 2017|archive-date=December 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226015320/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/the-battle-for-facebook-242989/}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù kejì ọdún 2004, Zuckerberg ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ &quot;TheFacebook&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Lily|last=Rothman|title=Happy Birthday, Facebook|url=https://time.com/3686124/happy-birthday-facebook/|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=February 4, 2015|access-date=July 4, 2017|archive-date=December 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226015300/http://time.com/3686124/happy-birthday-facebook/%20/|url-status=live|archivedate=December 26, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226015300/http://time.com/3686124/happy-birthday-facebook/%20/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní àkọ́kọ́, àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Harvard College nìkan ni wọ́n fi pamọ́ sí. Dustin Moskovitz, Andrew McCollum, àti Chris Hughes dara pọ̀ mọ́ Zuckerberg láti ran lọ́wọ́ láti ṣàkóso ìdàgbàsókè ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Matt|last=Weinberger|title=33 photos of Facebook's rise from a Harvard dorm room to world domination|url=http://nordic.businessinsider.com/facebook-history-photos-2016-9|website=[[Business Insider]]|publisher=Axel Springer SE|date=September 7, 2017|access-date=December 13, 2017|archive-date=December 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226015226/https://nordic.businessinsider.com/facebook-history-photos-2016-9%20|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ó di èyí tí ó wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn yunifásítì ní US àti [[Canada]] lẹ́sẹẹsẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|access-date=June 13, 2008|url=https://www.forbes.com/2006/09/11/facebook-opens-up-cx_rr_0911facebook.html|title=Open Facebook|work=[[Forbes]]|location=New York|date=September 11, 2006|author=Rosmarin, Rachel|archive-date=March 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323070616/https://www.forbes.com/2006/09/11/facebook-opens-up-cx_rr_0911facebook.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://tuftsdaily.com/archives/2004/04/12/online-network-created-by-harvard-students-flourishes/|title=Online network created by Harvard students flourishes|work=[[The Tufts Daily]]|first=Lananh|last=Nguyen|date=April 12, 2004|location=Medford, MA|access-date=November 30, 2018|archive-date=February 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214092755/https://tuftsdaily.com/archives/2004/04/12/online-network-created-by-harvard-students-flourishes/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ní ọdún 2004, olùdásílẹ̀ àjọ-olùdásílẹ̀ Napster Sean Parker di ààrẹ ilé-iṣẹ́ náà&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT_260505&quot;&gt;{{cite news|author=Rosen, Ellen|title=Student's Start-Up Draws Attention and $13&amp;nbsp;Million|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/26/business/26sbiz.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050529030744/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/26/business/26sbiz.html |archive-date=May 29, 2005 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=May 26, 2005|access-date=May 18, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ilé-iṣẹ́ náà sì kó lọ sí Palo Alto, [[California]].&lt;ref name=&quot;timeline&quot;&gt;{{Cite press release|access-date=March 5, 2008|url=https://www.facebook.com/press/info.php?timeline|title=Company Timeline|publisher=Facebook|date=January 1, 2007|archive-date=January 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106103736/https://newsroom.fb.com/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Olùdásílẹ̀ àjọ-olùdásílẹ̀ PayPal, Peter Thiel, fún Facebook ní ìdókòwò àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;beware&quot;&gt;{{cite news|access-date=April 30, 2008|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/general/beware-facebook/2008/01/18/1200620184398.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap2|title=Why you should beware of Facebook|work=The Age|location=Melbourne|date=January 20, 2008|archive-date=December 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226015255/https://www.theage.com.au/technology/why-you-should-beware-of-facebook-20080120-ge6mel.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap2|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Parker |first=Sean |date=April 16, 2015 |title=Reid Hoffman: The World's 100 Most Influential People |url=https://time.com/collection-post/3822665/reid-hoffman-2015-time-100/ |access-date=June 20, 2023 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |archive-date=October 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030194418/https://time.com/collection-post/3822665/reid-hoffman-2015-time-100/ |url-status=live |archivedate=October 30, 2023 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030194418/https://time.com/collection-post/3822665/reid-hoffman-2015-time-100/ |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2005, ilé-iṣẹ́ náà yọ &quot;the&quot; kúrò nínú orúkọ rẹ̀ lẹ́yìn tí ó ra orúkọ ìkápá Facebook.com.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Christopher|last=Williams|title=Facebook wins Manx battle for face-book.com|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2007/10/01/facebook_domain_dispute|website=The Register|publisher=Situation Publishing|date=October 1, 2007|access-date=March 23, 2017|archive-date=December 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226015246/https://www.theregister.co.uk/2007/10/01/facebook_domain_dispute%20|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2006, Facebook ṣí sílẹ̀ fún gbogbo ènìyàn tó kéré tán ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàlá pẹ̀lú àdírẹ́sì ìmeeli tó wúlò.&lt;ref name=&quot;welcome&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Carolyn|last=Abram|url=http://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=2210227130|access-date=March 8, 2008|publisher=The Facebook Blog|title=Welcome to Facebook, everyone|date=September 26, 2006|archive-date=January 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111031027/https://newsroom.fb.com/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;tos&quot;&gt;{{cite web|access-date=March 5, 2008|url=https://www.facebook.com/terms.php|title=Terms of Use|publisher=Facebook|date=November 15, 2007|archive-date=March 5, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080305190936/http://www.facebook.com/terms.php|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2006/09/facebook-expansion-enables-more-people-to-connect-with-friends-in-a-trusted-environment/|title=Facebook Expansion Enables More People to Connect with Friends in a Trusted Environment|date=September 26, 2006|work=Facebook Newsroom|access-date=February 4, 2016|archive-date=December 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226015312/https://newsroom.fb.com/news/2006/09/facebook-expansion-enables-more-people-to-connect-with-friends-in-a-trusted-environment/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Facebook ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ àwọn ohun pàtàkì bíi News Feed, èyí tó di pàtàkì fún ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ àwọn olùlò. Nígbà tó fi di ìparí ọdún 2007, Facebook ní ojú ìwé 100,000 tí àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ń gbé ara wọn ga.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Enterprise: Facebook, a Marketer's Friend; Site Offers Platform To Tout Products, Interact With Users|last=Richmond|first=Riva|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|location=New York|date=November 27, 2007|page=B4}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Facebook ti borí MySpace ní gbogbo àgbáyé, ó sì di ìkànnì àwùjọ tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àgbáyé. Microsoft kéde pé òun ti ra ìpín 1.6% ti Facebook ní $240 mílíọ̀nù ($ 364 mílíọ̀nù ní dọ́là ní ọdún 2024, èyí tó fún Facebook ní iye tó tó $15. bílíọ̀nù ($ 22.7 bílíọ̀nù ni dọla ni ọdún 2024. Facebook dojúkọ lati ṣe owo-wiwọle nipasẹ ìpolówó ti a fojusi ti o da lórí data olumulo, awoṣe kan ti o mu idagbasoke inawo rẹ yarayara. Ni ọdun 2012, Facebook di gbangba pẹlu ọkan ninu awọn IPO ti o tóbi julọ nínú itan imọ-ẹrọ. Awọn rira ṣe ipa pataki ninu agbara Facebook. Ni ọdun 2012, o ra [[Instagram]], atẹle WhatsApp ati Oculus VR ni ọdun 2014, ti o faagun ipa rẹ kọja nẹtiwọọki àwùjọ sínú fifiranṣẹ ati òtítọ́ foju .

==Àwọn Ohùn ìdánimọ̀ Facebook ==
Facebook kò fi ààlà ìkọ̀wé tó pọ̀jù fún àwọn ìfiránṣẹ́ hàn ní gbangba; síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, àwọn ìfiránṣẹ́ olùlò lè gùn, pẹ̀lú àwọn orísun àìṣòfin tí ó dámọ̀ràn ààlà ìkọ̀wé gíga. Àwọn ìfiránṣẹ́ náà tún lè ní àwọn àwòrán àti fídíò nínú. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwé ìṣòwò Facebook, àwọn fídíò lè gùn tó ìṣẹ́jú 240 àti 10 GB ní ìwọ̀n fáìlì, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìpinnu tí a lè ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn tó 1080p.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Video Ad Specs |url=https://www.facebook.com/business/help/1692533511105458 |access-date=3 May 2025 |website=Facebook Business Help Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Àwọn olùlò lè &quot;bá àwọn olùlò&quot; ṣọ̀rẹ́, àwọn ẹgbẹ́ méjèèjì gbọ́dọ̀ gbà láti jẹ́ ọ̀rẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How do I accept a friend request on Facebook? |url=https://www.facebook.com/help/116256305068685 |access-date=3 May 2025 |website=Facebook Help Center}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìfiranṣẹ́ lè yí padà kí gbogbo ènìyàn (gbangba), àwọn ọ̀rẹ́, àwọn ènìyàn nínú ẹgbẹ́ kan pàtó (ẹgbẹ́) tàbí àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ tí a yàn (ẹ̀gbẹ́) lè rí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Choose who can see your post on Facebook |url=https://www.facebook.com/help/120939471321735 |access-date=3 May 2025 |website=Facebook Help Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Users can join groups.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Groups |url=https://www.facebook.com/help/1629740080681586 |access-date=3 May 2025 |website=Facebook Help Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Àwọn olùlò lè dara pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ẹgbẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;   Àwọn ẹgbẹ́ jẹ́ àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ní ìfẹ́ sí ara wọn. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, wọ́n lè lọ sí ẹgbẹ́ eré ìdárayá kan náà, wọ́n lè gbé ní agbègbè kan náà, wọ́n lè ní irú ẹranko kan náà tàbí kí wọ́n pín iṣẹ́ àṣekára kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt; Àwọn tí wọ́n wà nínú ẹgbẹ́ kan nìkan ni àwọn tí wọ́n wà nínú ẹgbẹ́ kan lè rí àwọn ìfiranṣẹ́ tí a gbé kalẹ̀, àyàfi tí a bá ṣètò sí gbogbo ènìyàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=What are the privacy options for Facebook groups? |url=https://www.facebook.com/help/220336891328465 |access-date=3 May 2025 |website=Facebook Help Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Àwọn olùlò lè ra, tà, àti pààrọ̀ àwọn nǹkan lórí Facebook Marketplace tàbí nínú ẹgbẹ́ Buy, Swap and Sell.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How do I accept a friend request on Facebook? |url=https://www.facebook.com/help/116256305068685 |access-date=3 May 2025 |website=Facebook Help Center}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn olùlò Facebook lè polówó àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀, èyí tí ó lè wà láìsí ìkànnì, lórí ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù mìíràn yàtọ̀ sí Facebook, tàbí lórí Facebook.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Choose who can see your post on Facebook |url=https://www.facebook.com/help/120939471321735 |access-date=3 May 2025 |website=Facebook Help Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Users can join groups.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=How to Host a Facebook Group Event Offline |url=https://www.facebook.com/community/keeping-your-group-active/how-to-host-group-events-offline/ |access-date=3 May 2025 |website=Facebook Community}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Oju opo wẹẹbu Facebook ==
===Awọn imọ tí o nílò onímọ̀ ẹ̀rọ===
[[File:Original-facebook.jpg|thumb|Profile shown on Thefacebook in 2005]]
[[File:Facebook.svg|thumb|Former Facebook logo in use from August 23, 2005, until July 1, 2015]]


Àwọ̀ pàtàkì ojú òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà ni àwọ̀ búlúù nítorí pé Zuckerberg jẹ́ àwọ̀ pupa-àwọ̀ [[ewé]], èyí tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ lẹ́yìn ìdánwò kan tí a ṣe ní nǹkan bí ọdún 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Generation Why?|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2010/nov/25/generation-why/?pagination=false|journal=The New York Review of Books|access-date=February 15, 2014|first=Zadie|last=Smith|date=November 25, 2010| volume=57 | issue=18 |archive-date=October 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151023213313/http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2010/nov/25/generation-why/?pagination=false|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|title=LETTER FROM PALO ALTO: THE FACE OF FACEBOOK|url=https://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/09/20/100920fa_fact_vargas?currentPage=all|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]|publisher=Condé Nast|access-date=February 15, 2014|author=Jose Antonio Vargas|date=September 20, 2010|archive-date=June 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626160148/http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/09/20/100920fa_fact_vargas?currentPage=all|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  A kọ́kọ́ kọ́ Facebook nípa lílo PHP, èdè ìkọ̀wé tó gbajúmọ̀ tí a ṣe fún ìdàgbàsókè wẹ́ẹ̀bù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://engineering.fb.com/2020/05/08/web/facebook-redesign/ |title=Rebuilding our tech stack for the new Facebook.com|date=May 8, 2020|first1=Ashley|last1=Atkins|first2=Royi|last2=Hagigi |access-date=March 21, 2024 |archive-date=March 21, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240321141437/https://engineering.fb.com/2020/05/08/web/facebook-redesign/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  A lo PHP láti ṣẹ̀dá àkóónú tó lágbára àti láti ṣàkóso dátà ní apá olupin ti ohun èlò Facebook. Zuckerberg àti àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ rẹ̀ yan PHP fún ìrọ̀rùn àti ìrọ̀rùn lílò rẹ̀, èyí tí ó fún wọn láyè láti yára ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ àti láti fi ẹ̀yà Facebook àkọ́kọ́ síta. Bí Facebook ṣe ń dàgbàsókè nínú ìpìlẹ̀ olùlò àti iṣẹ́, ilé-iṣẹ́ náà ń rí ìlọ́po àti ìpèníjà iṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú PHP. Ní ìdáhùn, àwọn onímọ̀ ẹ̀rọ Facebook ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ àwọn irinṣẹ́ àti ìmọ̀ ẹ̀rọ láti mú kí iṣẹ́ PHP dára síi. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn pàtàkì jùlọ ni ìṣẹ̀dá HipHop Virtual Machine ( HHVM ). Èyí mú iṣẹ́ àti ìṣiṣẹ́ ìṣe koodu PHP pọ̀ síi lórí àwọn olupin Facebook.
A ti ṣe àtúnṣe ojú òpó náà láti HTTP sí HTTPS tó ní ààbò jù ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2011.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Constine |first=Josh |date=November 18, 2012 |title=Facebook Could Slow Down A Tiny Bit As It Starts Switching All Users To Secure HTTPS Connections |url=https://techcrunch.com/2012/11/18/facebook-https/ |access-date=June 16, 2024 |website=TechCrunch |language=en-US |archive-date=June 24, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624232427/https://techcrunch.com/2012/11/18/facebook-https/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Atupale rẹ ni ọdún 2012===
A ṣe agbekalẹ Facebook gẹgẹbi ohun elo kan ṣoṣo. Gẹgẹbi ifọrọwanilẹnuwo kan pẹlu onimọ-ẹrọ ikole Facebook Chuck Rossi ni ọdun 2012, Facebook ṣajọpọ si 1.5 GB binary blob tí a ó wá pín sí àwọn olupin nípa lílo ètò ìtújáde BitTorrent àdáni. Rossi sọ pé ó gba tó ìṣẹ́jú mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún láti kọ́ àti ìṣẹ́jú mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún láti tú sí àwọn olupin. Ìlànà ìkọ́lé àti ìtújáde kò ní àkókò ìdúró. Àwọn àyípadà sí Facebook ni a ń ṣe lójoojúmọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ars Technica BTS&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Ryan|last=Paul|title=Exclusive: a behind-the-scenes look at Facebook release engineering|url=https://arstechnica.com/business/2012/04/exclusive-a-behind-the-scenes-look-at-facebook-release-engineering/|website=[[Ars Technica]]|publisher=[[Condé Nast]]|date=April 5, 2012|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=July 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704145032/https://arstechnica.com/business/2012/04/exclusive-a-behind-the-scenes-look-at-facebook-release-engineering/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Facebook lo iru ẹrọ apapo kan ti o da lori HBase lati tọju data kọja awọn ẹrọ ti a pin kaakiri. Nipa lilo eto apẹẹrẹ, awọn iṣẹlẹ ni a fipamọ sinu awọn faili akọọlẹ, ati awọn akosile ni a fi si ori. Eto naa yi awọn iṣẹlẹ wọnyi soke o si kọ wọn si ibi ipamọ. Ni wiwo olumulo lẹhinna fa data naa jade o si ṣafihan rẹ si awọn olumulo. Facebook ṣakoso awọn ibeere gẹgẹbi ihuwasi AJAX . Awọn ibeere wọnyi ni a kọ si faili akọọlẹ nipa lilo Scribe (ti Facebook ṣe agbekalẹ).&lt;ref name=&quot;high scalability&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://highscalability.com/blog/2011/3/22/facebooks-new-realtime-analytics-system-hbase-to-process-20.html|title=Facebook's New Real-time Analytics System: HBase To Process 20 Billion Events Per Day|publisher=Highscalability.com|date=March 22, 2011|access-date=December 26, 2012|archive-date=January 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126214712/http://highscalability.com/blog/2011/3/22/facebooks-new-realtime-analytics-system-hbase-to-process-20.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
A máa ń ka dátà láti inú àwọn fáìlì àkọsílẹ̀ wọ̀nyí nípa lílo Ptail, irinṣẹ́ kan tí a kọ́ sínú rẹ̀ láti kó dátà jọ láti inú ọ̀pọ̀ ilé ìtajà Scribe. Ó máa ń fi àwọn fáìlì àkọsílẹ̀ náà sí ara wọn, ó sì máa ń fa dátà jáde. A máa ń pín dátà àkọsílẹ̀ náà sí oríṣiríṣi ìṣàn mẹ́ta, a sì máa ń fi ránṣẹ́ sí àwọn ìṣọ̀pọ̀ ní oríṣiríṣi ibi ìpamọ́ dátà (ìfihàn plugin, ìfihàn ìròyìn, ìṣiṣẹ́ (ìpèsè + ìpèsè ìròyìn)). A máa ń lo Puma láti ṣàkóso àkókò ìṣàn dátà gíga (Ìbáwọlé/Ìjáde tàbí IO). A máa ń ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ dátà ní ìpele láti dín iye àkókò tí a nílò láti kà àti kíkọ sílẹ̀ lábẹ́ àwọn àkókò ìbéèrè gíga kù. (Àpilẹ̀kọ gbígbóná máa ń mú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìfihàn àti ìfihàn ìròyìn jáde tí ó máa ń fa àwọn ìyípadà dátà ńlá.) A máa ń mú àwọn ìpele ní gbogbo ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 1.5, a sì máa ń fi ìrántí tí a lò nígbà tí a bá ń ṣẹ̀dá tábìlì hash pààlà .&lt;ref name=&quot;high scalability&quot; /&gt;
Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa gbé ìwífún jáde ní ìrísí PHP. A máa kọ ẹ̀yìn rẹ̀ ní Java . A máa ń lo Thrift gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìrísí ìránṣẹ́ kí àwọn ètò PHP lè béèrè ìbéèrè nípa iṣẹ́ Java. Àwọn ojú ìwé ìpamọ́ máa ń fi àwọn ojú ìwé hàn ní kíákíá. Lẹ́yìn náà, a máa fi ìwífún náà ránṣẹ́ sí àwọn olupin MapReduce níbi tí a ti ń béèrè nípa Hive. Èyí ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àtìlẹ́yìn bí a ṣe lè gba ìwífún náà padà láti Hive&lt;ref name=&quot;high scalability&quot; /&gt;

===Nẹ́tíwọ́ọ̀kì ìfijiṣẹ́ àkóónú (CDN)===
Facebook nlo nẹtiwọọki ifijiṣẹ akoonu tirẹ tabi &quot;nẹtiwọọki eti&quot; labẹ aaye fbcdn.net fun fifiranṣẹ data adúróṣánṣán.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://research.fb.com/blog/2016/04/the-evolution-of-advanced-caching-in-the-facebook-cdn/|title=The Evolution of Advanced Caching in the Facebook CDN|date=April 7, 2016|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=January 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115184511/https://research.fb.com/blog/2016/04/the-evolution-of-advanced-caching-in-the-facebook-cdn/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{citation | last=Dwarakanath | first=Navya | title=What I Learned About How Facebook Infrastructure Serves Our Photos | date=August 12, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Titi di aarin ọdun 2010, Facebook tun gbarale Akamai fun awọn iṣẹ CDN.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://research.facebook.com/publications/an-analysis-of-facebook-photo-caching/|title=An Analysis of Facebook Photo Caching – Meta Research|website=Meta Research|access-date=December 18, 2021|archive-date=December 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211218093324/https://research.facebook.com/publications/an-analysis-of-facebook-photo-caching/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://webapps.stackexchange.com/questions/85953/does-facebook-use-any-other-cdn-apart-from-akamai-encountered-fbcdn-net-subdoma|title=Does Facebook use any other CDN apart from Akamai? Encountered fbcdn.net subdomain that does not belong to Akamai|website=Web Applications Stack Exchange|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=August 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811051533/https://webapps.stackexchange.com/questions/85953/does-facebook-use-any-other-cdn-apart-from-akamai-encountered-fbcdn-net-subdoma|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | last1=Farahbakhsh | first1=Reza | last2=Cuevas | first2=Angel | last3=Ortiz | first3=Antonio M. | last4=Han | first4=Xiao | last5=Crespi | first5=Noel | s2cid=7987529 | title=How far is Facebook from me? Facebook network infrastructure analysis | journal=IEEE Communications Magazine | publisher=Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) |arxiv=1705.00717 | volume=53 | issue=9 | year=2015 | issn=0163-6804 | doi=10.1109/mcom.2015.7263357 | pages=134–142 | bibcode=2015IComM..53i.134F }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ètò nípa agbekalẹ èdè èrò ayélujára ===
Ní ọjọ́ ogún oṣù kẹta, ọdún 2014, Facebook kéde èdè tuntun tí a ń pè ní Hack . Kí a tó tú gbogbo ènìyàn jáde, ọ̀pọ̀ nínú Facebook ti ń ṣiṣẹ́, wọ́n sì ti ń &quot;dánwò&quot; nípa lílo èdè tuntun náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2014/03/facebook-hack/|title=Facebook Introduces 'Hack', the Programming Language of the Future|date=March 20, 2014|magazine=Wired|first=Cade|last=Metz|access-date=March 7, 2017|archive-date=March 28, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328124125/http://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2014/03/facebook-hack|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
===Ìròyìn nípa àwọn Olùlò Facebook/Àkókò ti ara ẹni===
[[File:Screen of Facebook (2).PNG|thumb|Facebook login/signup screen]]

Olùlò kọ̀ọ̀kan tí a forúkọ sílẹ̀ lórí Facebook ní ìwífún ara ẹni tí ó ń fi àwọn ìfiránṣẹ́ àti àkóónú wọn hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Kate|last=Knibbs|title=How Facebook's design has changed over the last 10 years|url=https://www.dailydot.com/debug/old-facebook-profiles-news-feeds/|website=[[The Daily Dot]]|date=December 11, 2015|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=November 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113195420/https://www.dailydot.com/debug/old-facebook-profiles-news-feeds/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  A tún ìrísí àwọn ojú ìwé olùlò kọ̀ọ̀kan ṣe ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2011, a sì mọ̀ ọ́n sí &quot;Timeline&quot;, ìtọ́sọ́nà ìtàn olùlò kan,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Jacob|last=Schulman|title=Facebook introduces Timeline: 'a new way to express who you are'|url=https://www.theverge.com/2011/09/22/facebook-introduces-timeline-a-express-are|website=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]|date=September 22, 2011|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=June 13, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613234847/https://www.theverge.com/2011/09/22/facebook-introduces-timeline-a-express-are|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|first=Chris|last=Gayomali|title=Facebook Introduces 'Timeline': The 'Story' of Your Life|url=https://techland.time.com/2011/09/22/facebook-introduces-timeline-the-story-of-your-life/|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=September 22, 2011|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=August 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817180846/https://techland.time.com/2011/09/22/facebook-introduces-timeline-the-story-of-your-life/|url-status=live|archivedate=August 17, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817180846/https://techland.time.com/2011/09/22/facebook-introduces-timeline-the-story-of-your-life/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; including status updates, photos, interactions with apps and events.&lt;ref name=&quot;TNW Timeline&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Matthew|last=Panzarino|title=Facebook introduces radical new profile design called Timeline: The story of your life [Video]|url=https://thenextweb.com/facebook/2011/09/22/facebook-introduces-timeline-the-story-of-your-life/|website=The Next Web|date=September 22, 2011|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=November 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127003430/https://thenextweb.com/facebook/2011/09/22/facebook-introduces-timeline-the-story-of-your-life/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  pẹ̀lú àwọn àtúnṣe ipò, àwọn fọ́tò, ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn àpù àti àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀. Ìṣètò náà jẹ́ kí àwọn olùlò fi &quot;fọ́tò ìbòrí&quot; kún un. Àwọn olùlò ni a fún ní àwọn ètò ìpamọ́ síi.&lt;ref name=&quot;TNW Timeline&quot; /&gt; Ní ọdún 2007, Facebook ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ àwọn ojú ìwé Facebook fún àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ àti àwọn gbajúmọ̀ láti bá àwọn olùfẹ́ wọn ṣe àjọṣepọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Jason|last=Weaver|title=The Evolution of Facebook for Brands|url=http://mashable.com/2012/03/30/facebook-for-brands/|website=[[Mashable]]|date=March 30, 2012|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=October 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025204744/https://mashable.com/2012/03/30/facebook-for-brands/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Before Graph Search: Facebook's Biggest Changes|url=http://uk.pcmag.com/internet-products/58174/gallery/before-graph-search-facebooks-biggest-changes?p=3|website=PC Magazine|publisher=[[Ziff Davis]]|access-date=June 14, 2017|date=January 15, 2013|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701055248/http://uk.pcmag.com/internet-products/58174/gallery/before-graph-search-facebooks-biggest-changes?p=3|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2009, Facebook ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ẹ̀yà &quot;Orúkọ Olùlò&quot;, èyí tí ó fún àwọn olùlò láyè láti yan orúkọ àpèlé àrà ọ̀tọ̀ tí a lò nínú URL fún ìwífún ara ẹni wọn, fún pípín tí ó rọrùn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Ben|last=Parr|title=Facebook to Launch Vanity URLs for All|url=http://mashable.com/2009/06/09/facebook-vanity-urls/|website=[[Mashable]]|date=June 9, 2009|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=January 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115214520/https://mashable.com/2009/06/09/facebook-vanity-urls/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Nick|last=O'Neill|title=Facebook Begins Rolling Out Free Profile Usernames For Vanity URLs|url=http://www.adweek.com/digital/facebook-begins-rolling-out-free-profile-usernames-for-vanity-urls/|website=[[Adweek]]|publisher=Beringer Capital|date=June 9, 2009|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=November 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109035625/https://www.adweek.com/digital/facebook-begins-rolling-out-free-profile-usernames-for-vanity-urls/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2014, Facebook fẹ̀ sí ètò ìbáṣepọ̀ ọkùnrin àti obìnrin, ó sì fi pápá ìtẹ̀wọlé àṣà kan kún un tí ó fún àwọn olùlò láyè láti yan láti inú onírúurú ìdámọ̀ obìnrin àti obìnrin. Àwọn olùlò tún lè ṣètò irú àkójọ ọ̀rọ̀ orúkọ tí ó yẹ kí a lò fún ìtọ́kasí wọn jákèjádò ojú òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first1=Jordan|last1=Crook|first2=Josh|last2=Constine|title=Facebook Opens Up LGBTQ-Friendly Gender Identity And Pronoun Options|url=https://techcrunch.com/2014/02/13/facebook-gender-identity/|website=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|date=February 13, 2014|access-date=March 23, 2017|archive-date=November 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129225712/https://techcrunch.com/2014/02/13/facebook-gender-identity/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Facebook expands gender options: transgender activists hail 'big advance'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/feb/13/transgender-facebook-expands-gender-options|website=[[The Guardian]]|date=February 14, 2014|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=February 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213081408/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/feb/13/transgender-facebook-expands-gender-options|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Alexei|last=Oreskovic|title=In new profile feature, Facebook offers choices for gender identity|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-facebook-gender-idUSBREA1C1RU20140214|website=[[Reuters]]|publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]]|date=February 13, 2014|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=November 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124054546/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-facebook-gender-idUSBREA1C1RU20140214|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2014, Facebook ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ẹ̀yà kan láti jẹ́ kí àwọn olùlò béèrè fún ìwífún tí àwọn olùlò mìíràn kò sọ lórí àwọn ìwífún wọn. Tí olùlò kò bá pèsè ìwífún pàtàkì, bíi ibi tí ó wà, ìlú ìbílẹ̀, tàbí ipò ìbátan, àwọn olùlò mìíràn lè lo bọ́tìnì &quot;béèrè&quot; tuntun láti fi ìránṣẹ́ ránṣẹ́ sí olùlò nípa ohun náà ní ìtẹ̀ kan ṣoṣo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Sam|last=Machkovech|title=Facebook adds naggy &quot;ask&quot; button to profile pages|url=https://arstechnica.com/business/2014/05/facebook-introduces-naggy-ask-function-into-profile-pages/|website=Ars Technica|publisher=Condé Nast|date=May 16, 2014|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=February 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170224180048/https://arstechnica.com/business/2014/05/facebook-introduces-naggy-ask-function-into-profile-pages/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Laura|last=Stampler|title=Facebook's New 'Ask' Button Gives You a Whole New Way to Badger Friends About Their Relationship Status|url=https://time.com/104720/facebooks-new-ask-button-gives-you-a-whole-new-way-to-badger-friends-about-their-relationship-status/|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=May 19, 2014|access-date=June 14, 2017|archive-date=January 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126130949/https://time.com/104720/facebooks-new-ask-button-gives-you-a-whole-new-way-to-badger-friends-about-their-relationship-status/|url-status=live|archivedate=January 26, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126130949/https://time.com/104720/facebooks-new-ask-button-gives-you-a-whole-new-way-to-badger-friends-about-their-relationship-status/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Àkójọpọ̀ Ìròyìn ===
Ìròyìn máa ń fara hàn lórí ojú-ìwé ojú-ìwé olùlò kọ̀ọ̀kan, ó sì máa ń gbé àwọn ìròyìn kalẹ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà ìròyìn, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tó ń bọ̀ àti ọjọ́ ìbí àwọn ọ̀rẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=2207967130|title=Facebook Gets a Facelift|access-date=February 11, 2008|last=Sanghvi|first=Ruchi|date=September 6, 2006|publisher=The Facebook Blog|archive-date=June 10, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610185832/http://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=2207967130|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí mú kí àwọn olùfọ̀rọ̀wérọ̀ àti àwọn olùlò mìíràn lè lo àwọn ìrísí wọ̀nyí nípa ṣíṣẹ̀dá àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ àìtọ́ tàbí fífi àwọn ọjọ́ ìbí èké ránṣẹ́ láti fa àfiyèsí sí ìròyìn tàbí ìdí wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://blog.colnect.com/2010/03/facebook-celebrate-your-birthday-every.html|title=Facebook: Celebrate Your Birthday Every Day|publisher=Colnect blog|access-date=March 9, 2010|archive-date=July 7, 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707122502/http://blog.colnect.com/2010/03/facebook-celebrate-your-birthday-every.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àkọ́kọ́, Ìròyìn Ìròyìn fa àìtẹ́lọ́rùn láàárín àwọn olùlò Facebook; àwọn kan ń kùn pé ó kún fún ìròyìn tí kò wù wọ́n, àwọn mìíràn sì ń ṣàníyàn pé ó jẹ́ kí ó rọrùn fún àwọn ẹlòmíràn láti tọ́pasẹ̀ àwọn ìgbòkègbodò ẹnìkọ̀ọ̀kan (bíi àwọn ìyípadà ipò ìbátan, àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀, àti ìjíròrò pẹ̀lú àwọn olùlò mìíràn).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|access-date=June 28, 2008|url=http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/sep2006/tc20060908_536553.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061106135528/http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/sep2006/tc20060908_536553.htm|archive-date=November 6, 2006|title=Facebook Learns from Its Fumble|work=BusinessWeek|location=New York|date=September 8, 2006|author=Lacy, Sarah|author-link=Sarah Lacy|archivedate=November 6, 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061106135528/http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/sep2006/tc20060908_536553.htm|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Zuckerberg tọrọ àforíjì fún àìṣe àṣírí ojú-ìwé náà láti fi àwọn ìrísí ìpamọ́ tó yẹ kún un. Àwọn olùlò wá ní agbára láti ṣe àkóso irú ìròyìn tí a ń pín láìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀rẹ́. Àwọn olùlò ti lè ṣe ìdènà fún àwọn ẹ̀ka àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ tí olùlò ṣètò láti rí àwọn ìròyìn nípa àwọn irú ìgbòkègbodò kan, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìyípadà ìròyìn, àwọn ìkọ̀wé ògiri àti àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ tuntun tí a fi kún un.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|access-date=June 28, 2008|url=http://www.informationweek.com/news/internet/ebusiness/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=192700574|title=Facebook Founder Apologizes in Privacy Flap; Users Given More Control|work=[[InformationWeek]]|location=New York|date=September 8, 2006|author=Gonsalves, Antone|archive-date=March 2, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302235804/http://www.informationweek.com/news/internet/ebusiness/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=192700574|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kejì, ọdún 2010, wọ́n fún Facebook ní ìwé àṣẹ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite patent|country=US|number=7669123|status=patent}}&lt;/ref&gt;  lórí àwọn apá kan nínú ìwé ìròyìn rẹ̀. Ìwé àṣẹ náà bo àwọn ìwé ìròyìn níbi tí a ti pèsè àwọn ìjápọ̀ kí olùlò kan lè kópa nínú ìgbòkègbodò olùlò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://themelis-cuiper.com/22/us-patent-no-7669123.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515155132/http://themelis-cuiper.com/22/us-patent-no-7669123.html|archive-date=May 15, 2011|title=US Patent No. 7669123|work=Ostsee Magazin ☀️ Urlaubsorte und Ausflugsziele |access-date=March 9, 2010|publisher=Social Media|date=March 1, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Àlàyé EdgeRank ló ń darí yíyàtọ̀ àti ìfihàn àwọn ìtàn nínú ìwé ìròyìn olùlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://edgerank.net/|title=EdgeRank|date=October 29, 2007|publisher=EdgeRank|access-date=February 16, 2013|archive-date=January 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126062416/http://edgerank.net/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Ohun èlò Fọ́tò yìí ń jẹ́ kí àwọn olùlò lè gbé àwọn àwo orin àti fọ́tò sókè. Àwo orin kọ̀ọ̀kan lè ní 200 Àwọn fọ́tò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Michael|last=Arrington|author-link=Michael Arrington|title=Facebook Launches Facebook Platform; They are the Anti-MySpace|url=https://techcrunch.com/2007/05/24/facebook-launches-facebook-platform-they-are-the-anti-myspace/|website=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|date=May 24, 2007|access-date=March 23, 2017|archive-date=May 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530101941/https://techcrunch.com/2007/05/24/facebook-launches-facebook-platform-they-are-the-anti-myspace/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Each album can contain 200&amp;nbsp;photos.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=87157517130|title=Share More Memories with Larger Photo Albums|access-date=January 4, 2010|archive-date=May 10, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510013328/http://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=87157517130|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Àwọn ètò ìpamọ́ kan àwọn àwo orin kọ̀ọ̀kan. Àwọn olùlò lè &quot; tag &quot;, tàbí kí wọ́n fi àmì sí, àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ nínú fọ́tò kan. Ọ̀rẹ́ náà gba ìfitónilétí nípa àmì náà pẹ̀lú ìjápọ̀ sí fọ́tò náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|access-date=March 15, 2008|url=https://www.facebook.com/help.php?page=7|title=Photos|publisher=Facebook|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080731205244/https://www.facebook.com/help.php?page=7|archive-date=July 31, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Aaron Sittig, tí ó jẹ́ olórí ètò àwòrán ní Facebook báyìí, àti onímọ̀ ẹ̀rọ Facebook tẹ́lẹ̀ Scott Marlette ní ọdún 2006 ló ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ iṣẹ́ àmì àwòrán yìí, wọ́n sì fún un ní ìwé àṣẹ ní ọdún 2011 nìkan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/facebooks-first-20-employees-2011-5#aaron-sittig-was-brought-on-by-sean-parker-he-created-the-concept-of-tagging-friends-in-facebook-pictures-4|title=The First 20 Facebook Employees: Where Are They Now?|last=Shontell|first=Alyson|date=May 13, 2011|website=[[Business Insider]]|access-date=September 10, 2019|archive-date=July 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724092424/https://www.businessinsider.com/facebooks-first-20-employees-2011-5#aaron-sittig-was-brought-on-by-sean-parker-he-created-the-concept-of-tagging-friends-in-facebook-pictures-4|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.adweek.com/digital/facebook-patent-photo-tagging/|title=Facebook Wins Patents For Tagging in Photos, Other Digital Media|last=Cutler|first=Kim-Mai|date=May 17, 2011|website=[[Adweek]]|access-date=September 10, 2019|archive-date=October 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022180917/https://www.adweek.com/digital/facebook-patent-photo-tagging/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2012, Facebook ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ App Center rẹ̀ láti ran àwọn olùlò lọ́wọ́ láti rí àwọn eré àti àwọn ohun èlò míràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/news/internet/Facebook-to-launch-App-Center/articleshow/13920641.cms|title=Facebook to launch App Center|date=June 8, 2012|work=The Times Of India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120608112718/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tech/news/internet/Facebook-to-launch-App-Center/articleshow/13920641.cms|archive-date=June 8, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2015, Facebook pẹ̀lú àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn pàtàkì ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ &quot;Àwọn Àpilẹ̀kọ Lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀&quot; láti pèsè ìròyìn lórí ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù Facebook láìsí pé wọ́n fi ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà sílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://media.fb.com/2015/05/12/instantarticles/|title=Introducing Instant Articles – Facebook Media|work=fb.com|access-date=May 15, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514162847/http://media.fb.com/2015/05/12/instantarticles/|archive-date=May 14, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Krishna |first1=KP |url=http://previewtech.net/facebook-launches-instant-articles/|title=Facebook launches &quot;Instant Articles&quot;|work=Preview Tech|date=May 14, 2015|access-date=May 15, 2015|archive-date=December 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204110610/https://previewtech.net/facebook-launches-instant-articles/}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ní oṣù kíní ọdún 2017, Facebook ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ Facebook Stories fún iOS àti Android ní Ireland. Ẹ̀yà ara rẹ̀, tí ó tẹ̀lé ìrísí Snapchat àti Instagram, ń jẹ́ kí àwọn olùlò gbé àwọn fọ́tò àti fídíò tí ó farahàn lórí News Feeds àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ àti àwọn ọmọlẹ́yìn wọn, tí ó sì ń pòórá lẹ́yìn wákàtí mẹ́rìnlélógún.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Josh|last=Constine|title=Facebook Stories puts a Snapchat clone above the News Feed|url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/01/25/facebook-stories/|website=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|date=January 25, 2017|access-date=March 23, 2017|archive-date=February 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221205103/https://techcrunch.com/2017/01/25/facebook-stories/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2017, Facebook ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ ẹ̀yà 3D Posts láti gba àwọn ohun ìní 3D oníṣepọ̀ láàyè láti gbé àwọn ohun ìní 3D oníṣepọ̀ sókè.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Rachel|last=Franklin|title=Building Connections Through Creativity and Opening VR to Everyone|url=https://www.oculus.com/blog/building-connections-through-creativity-and-opening-vr-to-everyone/|website=Oculus|date=October 11, 2017|access-date=February 28, 2018|archive-date=October 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024054539/https://www.oculus.com/blog/building-connections-through-creativity-and-opening-vr-to-everyone/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kìíní ọdún 2018, Facebook kéde pé òun yóò yí News Feed padà láti fi àwọn ohun tí àwọn ọ̀rẹ́/ẹbí ní sí ipò àkọ́kọ́ àti láti dín àwọn ohun tí àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ń sọ kù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/11/technology/facebook-news-feed.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112003129/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/11/technology/facebook-news-feed.html |archive-date=January 12, 2018 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Facebook Overhauls News Feed to Focus on What Friends and Family Share|last=Isaac|first=Mike|date=2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=January 17, 2018|issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ní oṣù kejì ọdún 2020, Facebook kéde pé òun yóò ná $1. bílíọ̀nù ($ 1.21 bilionu ni 2024 dọla [ 32 ] ) lati fun awọn ohun elo iroyin ni iwe-aṣẹ lati ọdọ awọn olutẹjade fun ọdun mẹta to nbo; ileri kan nbọ bi ile-iṣẹ naa ti n wa labẹ abojuto lati ọdọ awọn ijọba kakiri agbaye lori aisi sanwo fun akoonu iroyin ti o han lori pẹpẹ naa. Ileri naa yoo jẹ afikun si $600 naa mílíọ̀nù ($ 729 mílíọ̀nù ní dọ́là 2024  tí a ti san láti ọdún 2018 nípasẹ̀ àwọn àdéhùn pẹ̀lú àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìròyìn bíi The Guardian àti Financial Times.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Ziobro|first=Paul|date=February 24, 2021|title=Facebook to Spend $1 Billion on News Content Over Three Years|language=en-US|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-to-spend-1-billion-on-news-content-over-three-years-11614187391|access-date=February 24, 2021|issn=0099-9660|archive-date=February 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225004635/https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-to-spend-1-billion-on-news-content-over-three-years-11614187391|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=UPDATE 1-Facebook says it inadvertently blocked content during Australia news ban|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/1-facebook-says-inadvertently-blocked-115740188.html|access-date=February 24, 2021|website=finance.yahoo.com|date=February 24, 2021|language=en-US|archive-date=February 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224190827/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/1-facebook-says-inadvertently-blocked-115740188.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Barker|first=Alex|title=Facebook pledges to pay $1bn for news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/media-and-marketing/facebook-pledges-to-pay-1bn-for-news-1.4493909|access-date=February 24, 2021|newspaper=The Irish Times|language=en|archive-date=February 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224204916/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/media-and-marketing/facebook-pledges-to-pay-1bn-for-news-1.4493909|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kẹta àti oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2021, ní ìdáhùn sí Apple tí ó kéde àwọn àyípadà sí ìlànà Identifier for Advertiser ti ẹ̀rọ iOS rẹ̀, èyí tí ó ní nínú pípè àwọn olùgbékalẹ̀ app láti béèrè fún àwọn olùlò ní tààrà láti tọ́pasẹ̀ lórí ìpìlẹ̀ ìforúkọsílẹ̀, Facebook ra àwọn ìpolówó ìwé ìròyìn gbogbo-ojú ìwé láti gbìyànjú láti yí àwọn olùlò lérò padà láti gba ìtọ́pasẹ̀, tí ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn ipa tí àwọn ìpolówó tí a fojúsùn ní lórí àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ kékeré.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Facebook Takes Out Full-Page Newspaper Ads to Attack Apple's iOS Privacy Changes|url=https://www.macrumors.com/2020/12/16/facebook-takes-out-full-page-ads-to-attack-apple/|access-date=May 12, 2021|website=MacRumors|date=December 16, 2020|language=en|archive-date=May 12, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512183223/https://www.macrumors.com/2020/12/16/facebook-takes-out-full-page-ads-to-attack-apple/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìsapá Facebook kò já sí pàbó nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín, bí Apple ṣe tú iOS 14.5 jáde ní ìparí oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2021, tí ó ní ẹ̀yà ara fún àwọn olùlò nínú ohun tí a ti kà sí &quot;Ìfihàn Ìtọ́pasẹ̀ App&quot;. Jù bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ, àwọn ìṣirò láti ọ̀dọ̀ ẹ̀ka Verizon Communications Flurry Analytics fihàn pé 96% gbogbo àwọn olùlò iOS ní Amẹ́ríkà kò gbà ìtọ́paṣẹ̀ rárá, àti pé 12% àwọn olùlò iOS kárí ayé nìkan ni wọ́n ń gbà ìtọ́paṣẹ̀ láàyè, èyí tí àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìròyìn kan kà sí &quot;àláìláàánú Facebook&quot;, láàrín àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ tí ó jọra.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Datti|first=Sharmishte|date=May 12, 2021|title=Apple's App Tracking Transparency Becomes Facebook's Nightmare: Only 4% Allow Tracking|url=https://www.gizbot.com/mobile/news/apple-app-tracking-transparency-becomes-facebook-nightmare-only-4-percent-allow-tracking-074217.html|access-date=May 12, 2021|website=gizbot.com|language=en|archive-date=June 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210604024443/https://www.gizbot.com/mobile/news/apple-app-tracking-transparency-becomes-facebook-nightmare-only-4-percent-allow-tracking-074217.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Apple Might Have Just Put and End to Facebook|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/other/apple-s-app-tracking-transparency-update-is-turning-out-to-be-the-worst-case-scenario-for-facebook/ar-BB1gDK55|access-date=May 12, 2021|website=www.msn.com|archive-date=May 12, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512183221/https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/other/apple-s-app-tracking-transparency-update-is-turning-out-to-be-the-worst-case-scenario-for-facebook/ar-BB1gDK55|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=May 9, 2021|title=Apple vs Facebook: 96 Percent Users Disabling App Tracking So Far, Claims Report|url=https://www.news18.com/news/tech/apple-vs-facebook-96-percent-users-disabling-app-tracking-so-far-claims-report-3720917.html|access-date=May 12, 2021|website=www.news18.com|language=en|archive-date=May 12, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512183221/https://www.news18.com/news/tech/apple-vs-facebook-96-percent-users-disabling-app-tracking-so-far-claims-report-3720917.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Heisler|first=Yoni|date=May 11, 2021|title=New data shows how devastating Apple's new anti-tracking feature is for Facebook|url=https://bgr.com/tech/ios-14-update-app-tracking-transparency-facebook-percentage-5924882/|access-date=May 12, 2021|website=BGR|language=en-US|archive-date=May 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511224832/https://bgr.com/tech/ios-14-update-app-tracking-transparency-facebook-percentage-5924882/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Láìka ìròyìn náà sí, Facebook sọ pé ìlànà tuntun àti àtúnṣe software yóò jẹ́ &quot;àkóso&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Facebook Says Impact of iOS 14.5's App Tracking Transparency Will Be 'Manageable'|url=https://www.macrumors.com/2021/04/28/facebook-att-impact-manageable/|access-date=May 12, 2021|website=MacRumors|date=April 28, 2021|language=en|archive-date=May 12, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512183220/https://www.macrumors.com/2021/04/28/facebook-att-impact-manageable/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Bọ́tìnì ìfẹ́ràn===
[[File:Facebook Like React.png|thumb|The Facebook &quot;like&quot; button]]

Bọ́tìnì &quot;ìfẹ́&quot; náà, tí a ṣe àpèjúwe rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì &quot;àtẹ̀gùn sókè&quot;, ni a kọ́kọ́ ṣiṣẹ́ ní ọjọ́ kẹsàn-án oṣù kejì ọdún 2009,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Jason|last=Kincaid|title=Facebook Activates &quot;Like&quot; Button; FriendFeed Tires Of Sincere Flattery|url=https://techcrunch.com/2009/02/09/facebook-activates-like-button-friendfeed-tires-of-sincere-flattery/|website=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|date=February 9, 2009|access-date=May 31, 2017|archive-date=July 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701055146/https://techcrunch.com/2009/02/09/facebook-activates-like-button-friendfeed-tires-of-sincere-flattery/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ó sì jẹ́ kí àwọn olùlò lè bá àwọn àtúnṣe ipò, àwọn àkíyèsí, àwọn fọ́tò àti fídíò, àwọn ìjápọ̀ tí àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ pín, àti àwọn ìpolówó lò lọ́nà tí ó rọrùn. Nígbà tí olùlò bá tẹ, ó ṣeé ṣe kí àkóónú tí a yàn náà fara hàn nínú News Feeds ti àwọn ọ̀rẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=JP|last=Mangalindan|title=Facebook Likes don't go as far as they used to in News Feed update|url=http://mashable.com/2015/04/21/news-feed-facebook-likes/|website=[[Mashable]]|date=April 21, 2015|access-date=May 31, 2017|archive-date=October 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019223547/https://mashable.com/2015/04/21/news-feed-facebook-likes/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Josh|last=Constine|title=How Facebook News Feed Works|url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/06/ultimate-guide-to-the-news-feed/|website=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|date=September 6, 2016|access-date=May 31, 2017|archive-date=January 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129023716/https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/06/ultimate-guide-to-the-news-feed/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bọ́tìnì náà ń fi iye àwọn olùlò mìíràn tí wọ́n ti fẹ́ràn àkóónú náà hàn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Like and React to Posts|url=https://www.facebook.com/help/1624177224568554/|website=Facebook Help Center|publisher=Facebook|access-date=May 31, 2017|archive-date=January 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106073457/https://www.facebook.com/help/1624177224568554|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bọ́tìnì ìfẹ́ náà ni a fẹ̀ sí àwọn àkíyèsí ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Chloe|last=Albanesius|title=Facebook Adds Ability to 'Like' Comments|url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2365190,00.asp|website=PC Magazine|publisher=Ziff Davis|date=June 17, 2010|access-date=May 31, 2017|archive-date=January 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190126091323/https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2365190,00.asp|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;   Ní oṣù kejì ọdún 2016, Facebook fẹ̀ sí &quot;Àwọn àbájáde&quot;, èyí tí ó fún àwọn olùlò láàyè láti yan láti inú àwọn ìmọ̀lára márùn-ún tí a ti sọ tẹ́lẹ̀: &quot;Ìfẹ́&quot;, &quot;Haha&quot;, &quot;Wow&quot;, &quot;Ìbànújẹ́&quot;, tàbí &quot;Angry&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;verge-reactions&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Casey|last=Newton|title=Facebook rolls out expanded Like button reactions around the world|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/2/24/11094374/facebook-reactions-like-button|website=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]|date=February 24, 2016|access-date=May 31, 2017|archive-date=February 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214164910/https://www.theverge.com/2016/2/24/11094374/facebook-reactions-like-button|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|first=Liz|last=Stinson|title=Facebook Reactions, the Totally Redesigned Like Button, Is Here|url=https://www.wired.com/2016/02/facebook-reactions-totally-redesigned-like-button|journal=[[Wired (website)|Wired]]|date=February 24, 2016|access-date=May 31, 2017|archive-date=December 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203233726/https://www.wired.com/2016/02/facebook-reactions-totally-redesigned-like-button/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Natt|last=Garun|title=Facebook reactions have now infiltrated comments|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/3/15536812/facebook-reactions-now-available-comments|website=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]|date=May 3, 2017|access-date=May 31, 2017|archive-date=June 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620180635/https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/3/15536812/facebook-reactions-now-available-comments|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=David|last=Cohen|title=Facebook Just Extended Reactions to Comments|url=http://www.adweek.com/digital/facebook-reactions-comments/|website=[[Adweek]]|publisher=Beringer Capital|date=May 3, 2017|access-date=May 31, 2017|archive-date=February 21, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221205130/https://www.adweek.com/performance-marketing/facebook-reactions-comments/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ní ìparí oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2020, nígbà [[Àjàkáyé-àrùn èrànkòrónà ọdún 2019-2020|àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19]], a fi ìṣe &quot;Ìtọ́jú&quot; tuntun kún un.&lt;ref name=&quot;Verge: Care button&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Lyles |first1=Taylor |title=Facebook adds a 'care' reaction to the like button 5 |url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/4/17/21224805/facebook-care-reaction-like-button-messenger-app |website=[[The Verge]] |date=April 17, 2020 |access-date=May 2, 2020 |archive-date=May 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220523223255/https://www.theverge.com/2020/4/17/21224805/facebook-care-reaction-like-button-messenger-app |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ètò iṣẹ́ àyẹ̀wò áàyè ===
[[File:Facebook t-shirt with whitehat debit card for Hackers.jpg|thumb|A Facebook &quot;[[White hat (computer security)|White Hat]]&quot; debit card, given to researchers who report [[security bug]]s, May 2014]]

Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù keje, ọdún 2011, Facebook kéde ètò Bug Bounty rẹ̀ tó fún àwọn olùwádìí ààbò ní owó tó kéré jù $500 $ 699.00 ní ọdún 2024  fún ìròyìn àwọn ihò ààbò. Ilé-iṣẹ́ náà ṣèlérí pé wọn kò ní lépa àwọn olùṣe ìkọ̀kọ̀ &quot;funfun&quot; tí wọ́n rí irú ìṣòro bẹ́ẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://facebook.com/whitehat|title=Facebook|publisher=Facebook|access-date=August 4, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2389460,00.asp|title=Facebook Offers $500 Bounty for Reporting Bugs: Why So Cheap|magazine=PC Magazine|access-date=January 18, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí mú kí àwọn olùwádìí ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀-èdè kópa, pàápàá jùlọ ní Íńdíà àti [[Rọ́síà]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Bug Bounty|first=((Facebook))|title=Facebook Bug Bounty|url=https://www.facebook.com/notes/facebook-bug-bounty/bug-bounty-highlights-and-updates/818902394790655|publisher=Facebook Security|access-date=April 3, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àkókò ìgbalejò==
=== Ipò olùlò ===
Ìdàgbàsókè kíákíá ti Facebook bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní gbàrà tí ó di wíwà nílẹ̀, ó sì tẹ̀síwájú títí di ọdún 2018, kí ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dínkù. Facebook ti kọjá ọgọ́rùn-ún. mílíọ̀nù àwọn olùlò tí a forúkọ sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 2008,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Stan|last=Schroeder|title=Facebook's 100 Million Users: How Much are They Worth?|url=http://mashable.com/2008/08/26/facebook-100-million-users/|website=[[Mashable]]|date=August 26, 2008|access-date=June 4, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;  àti 500 mílíọ̀nù ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2010.&lt;ref name=&quot;500 million&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Robin|last=Wauters|title=Zuckerberg Makes It Official: Facebook Hits 500 Million Members|url=https://techcrunch.com/2010/07/21/facebook-500-million/|website=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|date=July 21, 2010|access-date=June 4, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwádìí ilé-iṣẹ́ náà ní ìkéde oṣù Keje ọdún 2010, ìdajì àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà lo Facebook lójoojúmọ́, fún ìṣẹ́jú mẹ́rìnlélọ́gbọ̀n, nígbàtí 150 miliọnu awọn olumulo lo wọle si aaye naa nipasẹ alagbeka.&lt;ref name=&quot;Quiet revolution&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first1=Charles|last1=Arthur|first2=Jemima|last2=Kiss|title=Facebook reaches 500 million users|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/jul/21/facebook-500-million-users|website=[[The Guardian]]|date=July 21, 2010|access-date=March 23, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2012, àwọn olùlò Facebook lóṣooṣù tó ń lo Facebook ju bílíọ̀nù kan lọ,,&lt;ref name=&quot;One billion users&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first1=Aaron |last1=Smith |first2=Laurie |last2=Segal |first3=Stacy |last3=Cowley |title=Facebook reaches one billion users |url=https://money.cnn.com/2012/10/04/technology/facebook-billion-users/ |website=[[CNN]] |date=October 4, 2012 |access-date=June 4, 2017 |archive-date=December 2, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202203723/https://money.cnn.com/2012/10/04/technology/facebook-billion-users/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Jemima |last=Kiss |title=Facebook hits 1&amp;nbsp;billion users a month |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/oct/04/facebook-hits-billion-users-a-month |website=[[The Guardian]] |date=October 4, 2012 |access-date=June 4, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú 600 miliọnu awọn olumulo alagbeka, 219 bílíọ̀nù méjìlá àwọn fọ́tò tí a gbé sórí ayélujára, àti 140 àwọn ìbáṣepọ̀ ọ̀rẹ́ bílíọ̀nù kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Billion statistics&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Daniel|last=Ionescu|title=Facebook rules the social networking world with 1&amp;nbsp;billion users|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/2011123/facebook-rules-the-social-networking-world-with-1-billion-users.html|website=[[PC World]]|publisher=[[International Data Group]]|date=October 4, 2012|access-date=June 4, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Àwọn 2 Wọ́n ti kọjá àmì bílíọ̀nù kan lára àwọn olùlò ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Chris|last=Welch|title=Facebook crosses 2&amp;nbsp;billion monthly users|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/6/27/15880494/facebook-2-billion-monthly-users-announced|website=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]|date=June 27, 2017|access-date=June 27, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=Josh|last=Constine|title=Facebook now has 2&amp;nbsp;billion monthly users ... and responsibility|url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/06/27/facebook-2-billion-users/|website=[[TechCrunch]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|date=June 27, 2017|access-date=July 1, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2015, lẹ́yìn iyèméjì nípa ìpéye ìwọ̀n “àwọn olùlò tí ń ṣiṣẹ́ lóṣooṣù” rẹ̀, Facebook yí ìtumọ̀ rẹ̀ padà sí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ tí ó wọlé tí ó ń ṣèbẹ̀wò sí ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù Facebook nípasẹ̀ ẹ̀rọ aṣàwárí wẹ́ẹ̀bù tàbí àpù alágbèéká, tàbí tí ó ń lo àpù Facebook Messenger, ní àkókò ọgbọ̀n ọjọ́ ṣáájú ìwọ̀n náà. Èyí yọ lílo àwọn iṣẹ́ ẹni-kẹta pẹ̀lú ìṣọ̀kan Facebook kúrò, èyí tí a ti kà tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|first=David|last=Cohen|title=Facebook Changes Definition of Monthly Active Users|url=http://www.adweek.com/digital/monthly-active-users-definition-revised/|website=[[Adweek]]|publisher=Beringer Capital|date=November 6, 2015|access-date=June 4, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti ọdún 2017 sí 2019, ìpín ogorun àwọn ènìyàn tó ju ọmọ ọdún méjìlá lọ ní Amẹ́ríkà tí wọ́n ń lo Facebook ti dínkù, láti 67% sí 61% (ìdínkù tó tó nǹkan bí 15) mílíọ̀nù àwọn olùlò ní Amẹ́ríkà), pẹ̀lú ìfàsẹ́yìn tó ga jù láàrín àwọn ọ̀dọ́ Amẹ́ríkà (ìdínkù nínú ìpíndọ́gba àwọn ọmọ ọdún 12 sí 34 ti Amẹ́ríkà tí wọ́n jẹ́ olùlò láti 58% ní ọdún 2015 sí 29% ní ọdún 2019).&lt;ref name=&quot;Heeti&quot;&gt;Abrar Al-Heeti, [https://www.cnet.com/news/facebook-lost-15-million-us-users-in-the-past-two-years-report-says/ Facebook lost 15 million US users in the past two years, report says], CNET (March 6, 2019).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Statt&quot;&gt;Nick Statt, [https://www.theverge.com/2019/3/6/18253274/facebook-users-decline-15-million-people-united-states-privacy-scandals Facebook's US user base declined by 15 million since 2017, according to survey], ''The Verge'' (March 6, 2019).&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdínkù náà bá ìbísí nínú gbajúmọ̀ Instagram mu, èyí tí Meta náà ní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Heeti&quot;&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Statt&quot; &lt;/ref&gt; Iye àwọn olùlò tí ń ṣiṣẹ́ lójoojúmọ́ ní ìrírí ìdínkù ní ìdá mẹ́rin fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ìdá mẹ́rin tó kẹ́yìn ọdún 2021, tí ó dín sí 1.929 bilionu láti 1.930 bilionu,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-60238565|title=Facebook: Daily active users fall for first time in 18-year history|work=[[BBC News]] |date=February 3, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ṣùgbọ́n ó tún pọ̀ sí i ní ìdá mẹ́rin tó tẹ̀lé e bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé wọ́n ti fòfin dè é ní Russia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-61250669|title=Daily Facebook users up again after first-ever decline|work=[[BBC News]] |date=April 27, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Láti ìgbà àtijọ́, àwọn onímọ̀ nípa ọ̀rọ̀ ti sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ nípa ìdínkù tàbí òpin Facebook, tí a gbé kalẹ̀ lórí àwọn okùnfà bí ìdínkù olùlò;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Heaven|first1=Will|title=Is this the beginning of the end for Facebook?|url=http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/willheaven/100092236/is-this-the-beginning-of-the-end-for-facebook/|website=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314014241/http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/willheaven/100092236/is-this-the-beginning-of-the-end-for-facebook/|archive-date=March 14, 2012|date=June 14, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; àwọn ìṣòro òfin ti jíjẹ́ ìpele tí a ti pa, àìlè ṣe owó tí a ó rí gbà, àìlè ṣe àṣírí olùlò, àìlè ṣe àtúnṣe sí àwọn ìpele alágbèéká, tàbí Facebook tí ó parí ara rẹ̀ láti fi ìran tí ń bọ̀ hàn;&lt;ref name=&quot;Silverman 2012&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Silverman|first1=Matt|title=The End of Facebook: What Will It Take to Kill the King of Social?|url=https://mashable.com/2012/06/13/facebook-decline|website=[[Mashable]]|language=en|date=June 13, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; tàbí ipa Facebook nínú ìdènà Russia nínú ìdìbò Amẹ́ríkà ní ọdún 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Bilton|first1=Nick|title=This Could Be the End of Facebook|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/10/this-could-be-the-end-of-facebook-hive-podcast|website=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|language=en|date=October 27, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Image frame
 | align=left
 | caption=Facebook popularity. Active users (in millions) of Facebook increased from just a million&lt;br /&gt; in 2004 to 2.8&amp;nbsp;billion in 2020.&lt;ref name=wsj15 /&gt;
 | content = {{#chart:Facebook Users.chart}}
}}
{{Clear}}
&lt;gallery widths=&quot;350&quot; heights=&quot;240&quot;&gt;
File:Population pyramid of Facebook users by age.png|[[Population pyramid]] of Facebook users by age {{as of|2010}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.insidefacebook.com/2010/01/04/december-data-on-facebook%E2%80%99s-us-growth-by-age-and-gender-beyond-100-million/|title=December Data on Facebook's US Growth by Age and Gender: Beyond 100 Million – Inside Facebook|work=Inside Facebook|date=January 4, 2010|access-date=October 7, 2014|archive-date=November 3, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103003005/http://www.insidefacebook.com/2010/01/04/december-data-on-facebook%e2%80%99s-us-growth-by-age-and-gender-beyond-100-million/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>2k28ikm5bdu9qh2pyuey2gp4heb4ar7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mark Zuckerberg</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>68240</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637820</id>
      <parentid>635039</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:44:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637820</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="134876" sha1="tkfs3b9e3s7k551u052lig424eqp95m" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Oníṣòwò àti olùkọ̀wé-kọ̀m̀pútà ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà (tí a bí ní 1984)}}

{{infobox person 
| name                = Mark Zuckerberg
| image               = File:Mark Zuckerberg in September 2025 (cropped).jpg
| alt                 = Ìwò ẹ̀gbẹ́ Zuckerberg tí ó ń rẹ́rìn-ín tí ó sì wọ aṣọ suit pẹ̀lú táì onílà
| caption             = Zuckerberg ní 2025
| birth_name          = Mark Elliot Zuckerberg
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1984|05|14}}
| nickname            = Zuck
| birth_place         = [[White Plains, New York]], U.S.
| occupation          = {{hlist|Oníṣòwò|olùkọ̀wé-kọ̀m̀pútà}}
| title               = {{indented plainlist|
* Alájùmọ̀dásílẹ̀, alága àti Aláṣẹ Àgbà (CEO) ti [[Meta Platforms]] àti [[Facebook]]
* Alájùmọ̀dásílẹ̀ àti alájùmọ̀ṣe Aláṣẹ Àgbà (co-CEO) ti [[Chan Zuckerberg Initiative]]}}
| education           = [[Harvard University]] (ó jáwọ́ nínú ẹ̀kọ́)| years_active        = 2004–dúnmọ́
| spouse              = {{marriage|[[Priscilla Chan]]|2012}}| children            = 3
| relatives           = {{plain list|
*[[Randi Zuckerberg]] (arabìnrin)
*[[Donna Zuckerberg]] (arabìnrin)
}}
| website             = {{URL|facebook.com/zuck}}
| signature           = Mark Zuckerberg Signature.svg
}}

'''Mark Elliot Zuckerberg''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|z|ʌ|k|ər|b|ɜr|g}}; tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrinlélógún Oṣù Karùn-ún, 1984) jẹ́ oníṣòwò àti olùkọ̀wé-kọ̀m̀pútà (programmer) ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà tí ó jẹ́ alájùmọ̀dásílẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ìbáṣepọ̀ ayélujára [[Facebook]] àti ilé-iṣẹ́ òbí rẹ̀ [[Meta Platforms]]. Òun ni alága Meta, aláṣẹ àgbà (CEO), àti oní-ìpín tí ó ní àkóso.

Zuckerberg lọ sí [[Harvard College]] fún ìgbà díẹ̀, ó sì ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ Facebook níbẹ̀ ní Oṣù Kejì 2004 pẹ̀lú àwọn alábàágbé rẹ̀ [[Eduardo Saverin]], [[Andrew McCollum]], [[Dustin Moskovitz]] àti [[Chris Hughes]]. Zuckerberg mú [[Initial public offering of Facebook|ilé-iṣẹ́ náà di ti gbogbo gbòò ní Oṣù Karùn-ún 2012]] pẹ̀lú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìpín. Ó di bílíọ̀nà tó dá dúró [[Self-made man|fúnra rẹ̀]] tí ọjọ́-orí rẹ̀ kéré jùlọ{{efn|[[Kylie Jenner]] was thought to be the youngest until it was reported that [[Kylie Jenner#Forbes cover|she had allegedly forged documents]] to make her appear to be a billionaire.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lies&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Inside Kylie Jenner's Web Of Lies—And Why She's No Longer A Billionaire|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/chasewithorn/2020/05/29/inside-kylie-jennerss-web-of-lies-and-why-shes-no-longer-a-billionaire/#791af1b625f7|last1=Peterson-Withorn|first1=Chase|last2=Berg|first2=Madeline|date=May 29, 2020|website=[[Forbes (magazine)|Forbes]]|access-date=May 29, 2020|archive-date=May 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200529134308/https://www.forbes.com/sites/chasewithorn/2020/05/29/inside-kylie-jennerss-web-of-lies-and-why-shes-no-longer-a-billionaire/#791af1b625f7|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In October 2025, according to ''[[Forbes]]'', [[Mercor]] co-founders Adarsh Hiremath, Brendan Foody and Surya Midha became the world's youngest self-made billionaries at age 22 each.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |first=Richard |last=Nieva |title=The World’s Youngest Self-Made Billionaires Are A Trio Of 22-Year-Old AI Founders
|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/richardnieva/2025/10/30/mercor-youngest-self-made-billionaires/ |date=October 30, 2025 |access-date=November 1, 2025 |work=[[Forbes]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}} ní 2008, ní ọmọ ọdún 23, ó sì ti wà lára [[The World's Billionaires|àwọn olówó jùlọ ní àgbáyé]] léraléra. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ''[[Forbes]]'' ṣe sọ, iye owó Zuckerberg tó US$251 bílíọ̀nù ní Oṣù Kẹwàá 2025, èyí tí ó sọ ọ́ di ènìyàn kẹta tí ó lówó jùlọ ní àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;Forbes&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |date= |title=THE REAL-TIME BILLIONAIRES LIST |url=https://www.forbes.com/real-time-billionaires/ |access-date=October 21, 2025 |magazine=Forbes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ìròyìn gbe e jáde ní oṣù tí ó tẹ̀lé e pé òun ni ènìyàn kẹfà tí ó lówó jùlọ ní àgbáyé báyìí pẹ̀lú iye owó tí a fojú bù pé ó tó $229 bílíọ̀nù lẹ́yìn tí ìpín Meta pàdánù iye lórí ọjà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/mark-e-zuckerberg/|title=#6 Mark Zuckerberg|date=November 30, 2025|accessdate=November 30, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tylerroush/2025/11/06/mark-zuckerberg-drops-to-sixth-richest-after-meta-stock-slides/|title=Mark Zuckerberg Drops To Sixth-Richest After Meta Stock Slides|first=Ty|last=Roush|publisher=Forbes|date=November 6, 2025|accessdate=November 30, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó ti lo àwọn owó rẹ̀ láti ṣètò ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìtọrẹ ńlá, pẹ̀lú dídá [[Chan Zuckerberg Initiative]] sílẹ̀. Sinimá kan tí ó dá lórí ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ Zuckerberg, àwọn wàhálà òfin àti àṣeyọrí ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Facebook, ''[[The Social Network]]'', jáde ní 2010 ó sì gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ [[Academy Awards]]. Òkìkí rẹ̀ àti bí ó ṣe yára gòkè ní ilé-iṣẹ́ ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ ti fa àkíyèsí òṣèlú àti ti òfin. Ó ti dojúkọ ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ẹjọ́ nípa dídá àti nini ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà àti àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ bíi àṣírí àwọn olùlò (user privacy).

==Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ ayé==
A bí Mark Elliot Zuckerberg ní ọjọ́ kẹrinlélógún Oṣù Karùn-ún, 1984, ní [[White Plains, New York]], sínú ẹbí [[Jews|Júù]], Dr. Edward Zuckerberg, oníṣègùn eyín, àti Karen ({{nee|Kempner}}), oníṣègùn ọpọlọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Burrell|first=Ian|date=July 24, 2010|title=Mark Zuckerberg: He's got the whole world on his site|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/mark-zuckerberg-he-s-got-the-whole-world-on-his-site-2034134.html|newspaper=The Independent|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231028103534/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/mark-zuckerberg-he-s-got-the-whole-world-on-his-site-2034134.html|archive-date=October 28, 2023|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Shaer|first=Matthew|title=The Zuckerbergs of Dobbs Ferry|url=https://nymag.com/news/features/zuckerberg-family-2012-5/index1.html|magazine=New York|date=May 4, 2012 |issue=May 14, 2012|access-date=May 21, 2012|archive-date=May 10, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510060755/http://nymag.com/news/features/zuckerberg-family-2012-5/index1.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; A tọ́ òun àti àwọn arábìnrin rẹ̀ mẹ́ta (Arielle, [[Randi Zuckerberg|Randi]], àti [[Donna Zuckerberg|Donna]]) dàgbà nínú ilé [[Reform Judaism|Reform Jewish]]&lt;ref name=Haartez&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/zuckerbergs-curated-jewish-conscience-is-shallow-and-evasive-1.5455322|newspaper=Haaretz|title=Mark Zuckerberg's carefully curated Jewish conscience is both shallow and evasive|first=Anshel|last=Pfeffer|date=October 4, 2017|access-date=May 12, 2018|archive-date=May 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180512113816/https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/zuckerbergs-curated-jewish-conscience-is-shallow-and-evasive-1.5455322|url-status=live|archivedate=May 12, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180512113816/https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/zuckerbergs-curated-jewish-conscience-is-shallow-and-evasive-1.5455322|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; ní [[Dobbs Ferry, New York]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NEWYORKER2010&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|access-date=September 22, 2010|url=https://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/09/20/100920fa_fact_vargas|title=The Face of Facebook|magazine=The New Yorker|date=September 20, 2010|author=Vargas, Jose Antonio|archive-date=September 18, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918081147/http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/09/20/100920fa_fact_vargas|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn òbí-bàbá-nlá rẹ̀ jẹ́ aṣíwá láti Austria, Germany, àti Poland.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Zuckerberg|first=Mark|url=https://www.facebook.com/zuck/posts/10103460278231481 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/4/10103460278231481 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |url-access=limited|title=My great grandparents came from Germany, Austria, and Poland.|publisher=Facebook|date=January 27, 2017}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg kọ́kọ́ lọ sí [[Ardsley High School]] kí ó tó yípadà sí [[Phillips Exeter Academy]]. Òun ni olórí ẹgbẹ́ fencing.&lt;ref name=Kirkpatrick&gt;{{cite book |title=The Facebook Effect: The Inside Story of the Company That Is Connecting the World |last=Kirkpatrick |first=David |year=2010 |publisher=[[Simon &amp; Schuster]] |location=New York |isbn=978-1-4391-0211-4 |pages=20–21 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RRUkLhyGZVgC&amp;pg=PA20 |access-date=November 9, 2010 |archive-date=November 12, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112180905/http://books.google.com/books?id=RRUkLhyGZVgC&amp;pg=PA20 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Grynbaum |first=Michael M. |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2004/6/10/mark-e-zuckerberg-06-the-whiz |title=Mark E. Zuckerberg '06: The whiz behind thefacebook.com |newspaper=[[The Harvard Crimson]] |date=June 10, 2004 |access-date=August 30, 2010 |archive-date=September 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100929161740/http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2004/6/10/mark-e-zuckerberg-06-the-whiz/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìdàgbàsókè Software ===

==== Àwọn ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ====
Zuckerberg kọ́ ìmọ̀ kíkọ ètò kọ̀m̀pútà (computer programming) láti ìgbà èwe rẹ̀. Ní nǹkan bí ọmọ ọdún mọ́kànlá, ó dá &quot;ZuckNet&quot; sílẹ̀, ètò kan tí ó gba àwọn kọ̀m̀pútà ní ilé ẹbí àti ọ́fíìsì iṣẹ́ eyín bàbá rẹ̀ láyè láti bá ara wọn sọ̀rọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last= Wagner |first= Kurk |date=May 24, 2017 |title=Before Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg built a chat network called ZuckNet |url= https://www.vox.com/2017/5/23/15683074/facebook-mark-zuckerberg-chat-network-aol-zucknet |access-date=October 13, 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Nígbà tí Zuckerberg wà ní ilé-ìwé sẹ́kọ́ńdírì, ó ṣiṣẹ́ láti kọ́ ẹ̀rọ orin tí a pè ní Synapse Media Player. Ẹ̀rọ náà lo [[machine learning]] láti kọ́ nípa irúfẹ́ orin tí olùlò fẹ́ràn láti tẹ́tísílẹ̀, èyí tí wọ́n gbé sí ori ''[[Slashdot]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Hemos/Dan Moore |date=April 21, 2003 |title=Machine Learning and MP3s |url=http://slashdot.org/articles/03/04/21/110236.shtml |access-date=September 3, 2010 |work=Slashdot |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210164555/https://slashdot.org/story/03/04/21/110236/machine-learning-and-mp3s |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; tí ó sì gba ìwọ̀n 3 nínú 5 láti ọ̀dọ̀ ''[[PC Magazine]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last=Dreier |first=Troy |date=February 8, 2005 |title=Synapse Media Player Review |magazine=PC Magazine |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,1748374,00.asp |url-status=live |access-date=September 3, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100916050335/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,1748374,00.asp |archive-date=September 16, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[The New Yorker]]'' sọ nígbà kan nípa Zuckerberg pé, &quot;àwọn ọmọdé mìíràn ń ṣe eré kọ̀m̀pútà. Mark ló ń ṣẹ̀dá wọn.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;NEWYORKER2010&quot; /&gt; Nígbà tí ó ṣì wà ní ilé-ìwé sẹ́kọ́ńdírì, ó lọ sí [[Mercy University|Mercy College]] láti gba kọ́ọ̀sì kọ̀m̀pútà gíga ní àwọn ìrọ̀lẹ́ Ọjọ́bọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;NEWYORKER2010&quot; /&gt;

==== Àwọn ọdún ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga ====
''The New Yorker'' sọ pé nígbà tí Zuckerberg bẹ̀rẹ̀ kíláàsì ní [[Harvard College|Harvard]] ní 2002, ó ti ní òkìkí tẹ́lẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọlọ́gbọ́n nínú ìmọ̀ kọ̀m̀pútà (programming prodigy).&lt;ref name=&quot;NEWYORKER2010&quot; /&gt; Ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ [[psychology|ìmọ̀ ẹ̀mí-ọkàn]] àti [[computer science|ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì kọ̀m̀pútà]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Larson |first=Chase |title=Mark Zuckerberg speaks at BYU, calls Facebook 'as much psychology and sociology as it is technology' |date=March 25, 2011 |url=https://www.deseret.com/2011/3/25/20181280/mark-zuckerberg-speaks-at-byu-calls-facebook-as-much-psychology-and-sociology-as-it-is-technology/ |work=Deseret News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322055157/https://www.deseret.com/2011/3/25/20181280/mark-zuckerberg-speaks-at-byu-calls-facebook-as-much-psychology-and-sociology-as-it-is-technology/ |access-date=March 22, 2024 |archive-date=March 22, 2023 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó gbé ní [[Kirkland House]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last=Madrigal |first=Alexis |author-link=Alexis Madrigal |title=Before It Conquered the World, Facebook Conquered Harvard |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2019/02/and-then-there-was-thefacebookcom/582004/ |magazine=The Atlantic |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240312202231/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2019/02/and-then-there-was-thefacebookcom/582004/ |archive-date=March 12, 2024 |url-status=live |access-date=March 22, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ [[Alpha Epsilon Pi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NEWYORKER2010&quot; /&gt; Ní [[sophomore|ọdún kejì]] rẹ̀, ó kọ ètò kọ̀m̀pútà kan tí ó pè ní CourseMatch, èyí tí ó gba àwọn olùlò láyè láti ṣe ìpinnu yíyan kíláàsì tí ó dá lórí àwọn yíyàn tí àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ mìíràn ṣe àti láti ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti dá ẹgbẹ́ ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ sílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Carson |first=Biz |title=This is the true story of how Mark Zuckerberg founded Facebook, and it wasn't to find girls|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-true-story-of-how-mark-zuckerberg-founded-facebook-2016-2|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501222406/https://www.businessinsider.com/the-true-story-of-how-mark-zuckerberg-founded-facebook-2016-2|archive-date=May 1, 2024|access-date=May 1, 2024 |work=Business Insider|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn náà, ó dá ètò mìíràn sílẹ̀ tí ó pè ní [[History of Facebook#FaceMash|Facemash]] ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀, èyí tí ó jẹ́ kí àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ yan ẹni tí ó lẹ́wà jùlọ láàárín àwọn fọ́tò. Arie Hasit, alábàágbé Zuckerberg nígbà náà, ṣàlàyé pé:

&lt;blockquote&gt;A ní àwọn ìwé tí a ń pè ní &quot;Face Books&quot;, tí ó ní orúkọ àti fọ́tò gbogbo àwọn tí ń gbé ní ibùgbé àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́. Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀, ó kọ́ ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù kan ó sì gbé fọ́tò méjì síbẹ̀, tàbí fọ́tò àwọn ọkùnrin méjì àti obìnrin méjì. Àwọn tí ó bẹ ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà wò ní láti yan ẹni tí ó &quot;lẹ́wà jù&quot; àti pé ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú àwọn ìbò náà, ìpele yóò wà.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hasit&quot;&gt;

{{cite web |last=Grimland |first=Guy |date=October 5, 2009 |title=Facebook founder's roommate recounts creation of Internet giant |url=https://www.haaretz.com/news/facebook-founder-s-roommate-recounts-creation-of-internet-giant-1.275748 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101022153118/http://www.haaretz.com/news/facebook-founder-s-roommate-recounts-creation-of-internet-giant-1.275748 |archive-date=October 22, 2010 |access-date=December 14, 2010 |work=Haaretz}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà wà fún òpin ọ̀sẹ̀ kan, ṣùgbọ́n ní òwúrọ̀ Ọjọ́ Ajé, ilé-ìwé náà ti ti pa, nítorí pé òkìkí rẹ̀ ti rọ́ lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ sínú ọ̀kan lára àwọn [[network switch|ẹ̀rọ nẹ́tíwọ̀kì]] Harvard, tí ó sì ń dènà àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ láti wọlé sínú Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia |date=May 20, 2024 |title=Britannica Money |url=https://www.britannica.com/money/Facebook |access-date=May 22, 2024 |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |archive-date=May 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523003337/https://www.britannica.com/money/Facebook |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àfikún, ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ṣàròyé pé wọ́n ń lo fọ́tò wọn láìgba àṣẹ. Zuckerberg tọrọ àforíjìn ní gbangba, ìwé-ìròyìn àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ sì gbé ìròyìn jáde pé ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù rẹ̀ &quot;kò tọ́ rárá&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hasit&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ==
=== Facebook ===
{| class=&quot;infobox&quot; style=&quot;width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above&quot; style=&quot;font-size:115%&quot; |Awọn fidio ita
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-image&quot; |[[File:YouTube_2024.svg|alt=YouTube logo|93x93px]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; style=&quot;text-align: left&quot; |[[File:Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg|alt=video icon|16x16px]] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KerxaaZVoCY &quot;Iṣẹ́ Mark Zuckerberg láàárín ìṣẹ́jú àáyá 90 {{!}} Tech Gurus&quot;] via ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' &lt;ref name=&quot;tele90&quot;&gt;{{cite news
| title=Mark Zuckerberg's career in 90 seconds |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KerxaaZVoCY |access-date=March 3, 2017 |date=February 7, 2017 |archive-date=March 3, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303124731/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/0/mark-zuckerbergs-career-90-seconds/?playlist=series%3Atech-gurus |url-status=live |url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|}

Ní Oṣù Kínní Ọdún 2004, Zuckerberg bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní kọ àwọn kòdì fún ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù tuntun kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hoffman, Claire22&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Hoffman|first=Claire|date=June 28, 2008|title=The Battle for Facebook|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/21129674/the_battle_for_facebook/|url-status=dead|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|location=New York City|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080703220456/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/21129674/the_battle_for_facebook/|archive-date=July 3, 2008|access-date=February 5, 2009|archivedate=July 3, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080703220456/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/21129674/the_battle_for_facebook/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Ọjọ́ kẹrin Oṣù Kejì, Ọdún 2004, Zuckerberg ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ &quot;Thefacebook&quot;, tí ó wà ní thefacebook.com nígbà náà, ní àjọṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú àwọn ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ tí wọ́n jọ ń gbé iyàrá kan náà [[Eduardo Saverin]], [[Andrew McCollum]], [[Dustin Moskovitz]], àti [[Chris Hughes]].&lt;ref name=&quot;skepticism22&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Seward, Zachary M.|date=July 25, 2007|title=Judge Expresses Skepticism About Facebook Lawsuit|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB118539991204578084|url-status=live|access-date=April 30, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055244/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118539991204578084.html?mod=googlenews_wsj|archive-date=September 21, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rww0510092&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Antonas|first=Steffan|date=May 10, 2009|title=Did Mark Zuckerberg's Inspiration for Facebook Come Before Harvard?|url=http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/mark_zuckerberg_inspiration_for_facebook_before_harvard.php|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120201185222/http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/mark_zuckerberg_inspiration_for_facebook_before_harvard.php|archive-date=February 1, 2012|access-date=March 26, 2013|work=ReadWrite Social|publisher=SAY Media, Inc}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmísí àkọ́kọ́ fún Facebook le ti wá láti [[Phillips Exeter Academy]], ilé-ìwé gíga tí Zuckerberg ti jáde ní ọdún 2002. Ó tẹ ìwé àtòjọ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tiwọn jáde, &quot;The Photo Address Book&quot;, èyí tí àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ń pè ní &quot;The Facebook&quot;. Irúfẹ́ àwọn ìwé fọ́tò bẹ́ẹ̀ jẹ́ apá pàtàkì nínú ìrírí ìbáṣepọ̀ àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ilé-ìwé aládàáni. Pẹ̀lú wọn, àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ le ṣe àtòjọ àwọn àbùdá bíi ọdún kíláàsì wọn, àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ wọn, àti àwọn nọ́mbà tẹlifóònù wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;rww0510092&quot; /&gt;[[Fáìlì:MarkZuckerberg-crop.jpg|alt=Mark Zuckerberg with a laptop, facing the camera|left|thumb|Zuckerberg ní 2005]]

Ọjọ́ mẹ́fà lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà, àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gíga Harvard mẹ́ta, [[Cameron Winklevoss]], [[Tyler Winklevoss]], àti [[Divya Narendra]], fẹ̀sùn kan Zuckerberg pé ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ tàn wọ́n láti gbàgbọ́ pé òun yóò ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti kọ́ ìkànnì ìbáṣepọ̀ kan tí a ń pè ní [[ConnectU|HarvardConnection.com]], nígbà tí ó ń lo àwọn èrò wọn láti kọ́ ọjà tirẹ̀ tí yóò bá wọn díje.&lt;ref name=&quot;zuckerberghacked2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last=Carlson |first=Nicolas |date=March 5, 2010 |title=In 2004, Mark Zuckerberg Broke Into A Facebook User's Private Email Account |website=[[Business Insider]] |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/how-mark-zuckerberg-hacked-into-the-harvard-crimson-2010-3 |url-status=live |access-date=March 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508193810/https://www.businessinsider.com/how-mark-zuckerberg-hacked-into-the-harvard-crimson-2010-3 |archive-date=May 8, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn mẹ́tẹ̀ẹ̀ta fi ẹ̀hónú hàn sí ''[[The Harvard Crimson]]'', ìwé-ìròyìn náà sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìwádìí gẹ́gẹ́ bí èsì. Nígbà tí Zuckerberg gbìyànjú láti yí àwọn olóòtú lọ́kàn padà kí wọ́n má baà gbé ìtàn náà jáde,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Kaplan |first=Katherine A. |date=November 19, 2003 |title=Facemash Creator Survives Ad Board |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2003/11/19/facemash-creator-survives-ad-board-the/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504172812/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2003/11/19/facemash-creator-survives-ad-board-the/ |archive-date=May 4, 2019 |access-date=December 26, 2021 |newspaper=The Harvard Crimson}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó tún wọ inú àwọn àpótí ìfìwéránṣẹ́ (email accounts) àwọn olóòtú méjì láìgbàṣẹ nípa lílo àwọn dátà ìwọlé wọn aládàáni (private login data logs) láti TheFacebook.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=In 2004, Mark Zuckerberg Broke into a Facebook User's Private Email Account |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/how-mark-zuckerberg-hacked-into-the-harvard-crimson-2010-3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508193810/https://www.businessinsider.com/how-mark-zuckerberg-hacked-into-the-harvard-crimson-2010-3 |archive-date=May 8, 2019 |access-date=October 31, 2021 |website=[[Business Insider]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=March 5, 2010 |title=The Duplicitous Deeds of Mark Zuckerberg |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2010/03/the-duplicitous-deeds-of-mark-zuckerberg/346445/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031033306/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2010/03/the-duplicitous-deeds-of-mark-zuckerberg/346445/ |archive-date=October 31, 2021 |access-date=October 31, 2021 |magazine=[[The Atlantic]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lẹ́yìn ìfilọ́lẹ̀ ìkànnì ìbáṣepọ̀ Facebook ní ìbátànpé, àwọn mẹ́tẹ̀ẹ̀ta pe ẹjọ́ kotẹ́milọ́rùn (lawsuit) sí Zuckerberg èyí tí ó yọrí sí ìpèjọ́ (settlement).&lt;ref name=&quot;nytb2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |author=Stone, Brad |date=June 28, 2008 |title=Judge Ends Facebook's Feud With ConnectU |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] blog |url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/06/26/judge-ends-facebooks-feud-with-connectu/index.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120708024258/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/06/26/judge-ends-facebooks-feud-with-connectu/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 8, 2012 |access-date=July 26, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àdéhùn ìpèjọ́ náà jẹ́ fún 1.2&amp;nbsp;mílíọ̀nù ìpín Facebook àti $20&amp;nbsp;mílíọ̀nù ní owó-bẹ̀lẹ̀jẹ́ ({{Inflation|index=US|value=20000000|start_year=2012|r=0|fmt=eq}}).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Rushe |first=Dominic |date=February 2, 2012 |title=Facebook IPO sees Winklevoss twins heading for $300m fortune |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/feb/02/facebook-ipo-winklevoss-300m-fortune |access-date=December 15, 2016 |archive-date=December 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226015310/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/feb/02/facebook-ipo-winklevoss-300m-fortune+ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Facebook ti Zuckerberg bẹ̀rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí &quot;nǹkan ti Harvard&quot; nìkan títí ó fi pinnu láti tàn án ká sí àwọn ilé-ìwé mìíràn, nípaígba ìrànlọ́wọ́ alábàágbé àti alájùmọ̀dásílẹ̀ rẹ̀ [[Dustin Moskovitz]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Carlson |first=Nicholas |date=March 5, 2010 |title=At Last&amp;nbsp;– The Full Story Of How Facebook Was Founded |work=Business Insider |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/how-facebook-was-founded-2010-3#we-can-talk-about-that-after-i-get-all-the-basic-functionality-up-tomorrow-night-1 |url-status=live |access-date=December 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200329085331/https://www.businessinsider.com/how-facebook-was-founded-2010-3#we-can-talk-about-that-after-i-get-all-the-basic-functionality-up-tomorrow-night-1 |archive-date=March 29, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n bẹ̀rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú [[Columbia University]], [[New York University]], [[Stanford University]], [[Dartmouth College]], [[Cornell University]], [[University of Pennsylvania]], [[Brown University]], àti [[Yale University]].&lt;ref&gt;* {{cite news |last=Holt |first=Chris |date=March 10, 2004 |title=Thefacebook.com's darker side |newspaper=[[The Stanford Daily]] |url=http://www.stanforddaily.com/2004/03/10/thefacebookcoms-darker-side |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100614061858/http://www.stanforddaily.com/2004/03/10/thefacebookcoms-darker-side/ |archive-date=June 14, 2010 |access-date=December 1, 2025 |archivedate=June 14, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100614061858/http://www.stanforddaily.com/2004/03/10/thefacebookcoms-darker-side/ |deadurl=yes }}
* {{cite web |last=Nguyen |first=Lananh |date=April 12, 2004 |title=Online network created by Harvard students flourishes |url=http://www.tuftsdaily.com/2.5541/1.600318 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6KOZTvFwU?url=http://www.forbes.com/2006/09/11/facebook-opens-up-cx_rr_0911facebook.html |archive-date=October 15, 2013 |access-date=March 26, 2013 |work=The Tufts Daily |publisher=College Media Network }}
* {{cite web |last=Rotberg |first=Emily |date=April 14, 2004 |title=Thefacebook.com opens to Duke students |url=http://www.dukechronicle.com/articles/2004/04/14/thefacebookcom-opens-duke-students |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911045929/http://www.dukechronicle.com/articles/2004/04/14/thefacebookcom-opens-duke-students |archive-date=September 11, 2013 |access-date=March 26, 2013 |work=The Chronicle |publisher=Duke Student Publishing Company }}
* {{cite web |title=Students flock to join college online facebook |url=http://www.dailypennsylvanian.com/node/41990 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110825022008/http://thedp.com/node/41990 |archive-date=August 25, 2011 |work=[[The Daily Pennsylvanian]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zuckerberg jáwọ́ nínú ẹ̀kọ́ ní Harvard ní ọdún kejì rẹ̀ láti lè parí iṣẹ́ náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Klepper |first=David |date=November 9, 2011 |title=Mark Zuckerberg, Harvard dropout, returns to open arms |newspaper=[[Christian Science Monitor]] |publisher=[[Christian Science Publishing Society]] |location=Boston, Massachusetts |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/Innovation/Latest-News-Wires/2011/1109/Mark-Zuckerberg-Harvard-dropout-returns-to-open-arms |url-status=live |access-date=January 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511100408/http://www.csmonitor.com/Innovation/Latest-News-Wires/2011/1109/Mark-Zuckerberg-Harvard-dropout-returns-to-open-arms |archive-date=May 11, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg, Moskovitz àti àwọn alájùmọ̀dásílẹ̀ yòókù kó lọ sí [[Palo Alto, California]], níbi tí wọ́n ti yá ilé kékeré kan tí ó dúró gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ́fíìsì. Ní ìgbà ẹ̀rùn, Zuckerberg pàdé [[Peter Thiel]], ẹni tí ó ṣe ìdókòwò nínú ilé-iṣẹ́ rẹ̀. Wọ́n gba ọ́fíìsì àkọ́kọ́ wọn ní àárín ọdún 2004. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Zuckerberg ṣe sọ, ẹgbẹ́ náà gbèrò láti padà sí Harvard, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n padà pinnu láti dúró sí California, níbi tí Zuckerberg ti mọrírì &quot;ibi àràmàǹdà&quot; ti [[Silicon Valley]], tí í ṣe ibùdó ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ kọ̀m̀pútà ní California.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Zuckerberg To Leave Harvard Indefinitely |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2005/11/1/zuckerberg-to-leave-harvard-indefinitely-mark/ |work=The Harvard Crimson |publisher=The Harvard Crimson, Inc |access-date=March 26, 2013 |first=Sam |last=Teller |date=November 1, 2005 |archive-date=March 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327053102/http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2005/11/1/zuckerberg-to-leave-harvard-indefinitely-mark/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Business, Casual. |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2005/2/24/business-casual-a-year-ago-mark/ |work=The Harvard Crimson |publisher=The Harvard Crimson, Inc |access-date=March 26, 2013 |author=Kevin J. Feeney |date=February 24, 2005 |archive-date=March 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190305005010/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2005/2/24/business-casual-a-year-ago-mark/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n ti kọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ láti gba àwọn ìfilọ̀ láti ọwọ́ àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ńlá láti ra ilé-iṣẹ́ náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;Exeter&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=January 24, 2007 |title=Face-to-Face with Mark Zuckerberg '02 |url=http://www.exeter.edu/news_and_events/news_events_5594.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202181919/http://www.exeter.edu/news_and_events/news_events_5594.aspx |archive-date=February 2, 2012 |access-date=March 26, 2013 |publisher=Phillips Exeter Academy }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún kannáà, nígbà tí ó ń sọ̀rọ̀ níbi kọ́ọ̀sì ''Startup School'' ti [[Y Combinator Inc|Y Combinator]] ní [[Stanford University]], Zuckerberg sọ ọ̀rọ̀ [[ageism|agbọ̀nmẹ́yìn-yọ]] kan pé &quot;àwọn ọ̀dọ̀ ló gbọ́n jù&quot; àti pé àwọn oníṣòwò mìíràn gbọ́dọ̀ tẹ̀ síhà gbígba àwọn ọ̀dọ̀ síṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://venturebeat.com/2007/03/26/start-up-advice-for-entrepreneurs-from-y-combinator-startup-school/ |title=Startup advice for entrepreneurs from Y Combinator |date=March 26, 2007 |archive-date=June 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170625051849/https://venturebeat.com/2007/03/26/start-up-advice-for-entrepreneurs-from-y-combinator-startup-school/ |publisher=Venture Beat |first1=Mark |last1=Coker |access-date=December 1, 2025 |archivedate=June 25, 2017 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20170625051849/https://venturebeat.com/2007/03/26/start-up-advice-for-entrepreneurs-from-y-combinator-startup-school/ |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣáájú, ní Oṣù Kẹrin 2009, Zuckerberg ti wá ìmọ̀ràn lọ́dọ̀ Olùdarí Àgbà Owó (CFO) ti [[Netscape]] tẹ́lẹ̀ [[Peter Currie (businessman)|Peter Currie]] nípa àwọn ọgbọ́n ìnáwó fún Facebook.&lt;ref name=twsOctBPP&gt;{{cite news |title=Yu, Zuckerberg and the Facebook fallout |url=http://blogs.reuters.com/mediafile/2009/04/01/yu-zuckerberg-and-the-facebook-fallout/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090403222221/http://blogs.reuters.com/mediafile/2009/04/01/yu-zuckerberg-and-the-facebook-fallout/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 3, 2009 |access-date=March 26, 2013 |publisher=Reuters |date=April 1, 2009 |first=Robert |last=MacMillan |quote=In a back-to-the-future move, former Netscape CFO Peter Currie will be the key adviser to Facebook about financial matters, until a new search for a CFO is found, sources said. |archivedate=November 3, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111103090741/http://blogs.reuters.com/mediafile/2009/04/01/yu-zuckerberg-and-the-facebook-fallout/ |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlélógún Oṣù Keje, 2010, Zuckerberg ròyìn pé Facebook ti ní àwọn olùlò tí ó tó 500-mílíọ̀nù.&lt;ref&gt;{{citation |title=500 Million Stories |first=Mark |last=Zuckerberg |url=https://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=409753352130 |publisher=The Facebook Blog |date=July 22, 2010 |access-date=May 21, 2012 |archive-date=May 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120520200921/http://blog.facebook.com/blog.php?post=409753352130 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní 2010, [[Steven Levy]], ẹni tí ó kọ ìwé ọdún 1984 ''[[Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution]]'', kọ̀wé pé Zuckerberg &quot;rò ara rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[Hacker culture|hacker]]&quot;. Zuckerberg sọ pé &quot;ó dára láti ba nǹkan jẹ́&quot; &quot;kí a baà le ṣe wọ́n dáradára síi&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;wired041910&quot;&gt;{{cite news |access-date=September 23, 2010 |url=https://www.wired.com/magazine/2010/04/ff_hackers/all/1 |title=Geek Power: Steven Levy Revisits Tech Titans, Hackers, Idealists |magazine=Wired |date=April 19, 2010 |author=Levy, Steven |archive-date=September 22, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100922031103/http://www.wired.com/magazine/2010/04/ff_hackers/all/1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;fast092410&quot;&gt;{{cite web |access-date=September 24, 2010 |url=http://www.fastcompany.com/mic/2010/profile/facebook |title=The World's Most Innovative Companies 2010 |work=Fast Company |date=February 17, 2010 |author=McGirt, Ellen |archive-date=July 20, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100720061436/http://www.fastcompany.com/mic/2010/profile/facebook |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Facebook dá &quot;[[hackathon]]s&quot; sílẹ̀ tí wọ́n máa ń ṣe ní gbogbo ọ̀sẹ̀ mẹ́fà sí mẹ́jọ níbi tí àwọn olùkópa yóò ti ní òru kan láti ronú àti parí iṣẹ́ kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;wired041910&quot; /&gt; Ilé-iṣẹ́ náà máa ń pèsè orin, oúnjẹ, àti ọtí bia níbi hackathons, ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ Facebook, pẹ̀lú Zuckerberg, ló sì máa ń wà níbẹ̀ déédé.&lt;ref name=&quot;fast092410&quot; /&gt; &quot;Èrò náà ni pé o lè kọ́ nǹkan tí ó dára gan-an ní òru kan&quot;, Zuckerberg sọ fún Levy. &quot;Àti pé ìyẹn jẹ́ apá kan àbùdá Facebook báyìí... Ó dájú pé ó jẹ́ kókó pàtàkì sí àbùdá mi.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;wired041910&quot; /&gt;

Ní 2007, wọ́n fi Zuckerberg kún àtòjọ [[TR35]] ti [[MIT Technology Review]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára àwọn olùpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ 35 tí ó tayọ jùlọ ní àgbáyé tí ọjọ́-orí wọn kò tí ì tó 35.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |url=http://www.technologyreview.com/TR35/Profile.aspx?TRID=635 |title=2007 Young Innovators Under 35: Mark Zuckerberg, 23 |magazine=[[MIT Technology Review]] |year=2007 |access-date=August 14, 2011 |archive-date=September 3, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903141534/http://www.technologyreview.com/TR35/Profile.aspx?TRID=635 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwé-ìròyìn ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'' dárúkọ Zuckerberg ní ipò kìíní nínú àtòjọ Top 100 wọn ti ọdún 2010 fún &quot;àwọn ènìyàn tí ó ní agbára ìdarí jùlọ ti [[Information Age|Sànmánì Ìwífún]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |access-date=September 23, 2010 |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/business/features/2010/10/the-vf-100-201010?currentPage=1 |title=The Vanity Fair 100 |magazine=Vanity Fair |date=October 2010 |archive-date=September 25, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925061001/http://www.vanityfair.com/business/features/2010/10/the-vf-100-201010?currentPage=1 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg wà ní ipò 23 lórí àtòjọ ''Vanity Fair'' 100 ní 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |access-date=September 23, 2010 |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/business/features/2009/10/new-establishment200910?currentPage=all |title=The Vanity Fair 100 |magazine=Vanity Fair |date=September 1, 2010 |archive-date=August 28, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100828042114/http://www.vanityfair.com/business/features/2009/10/new-establishment200910?currentPage=all |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní 2010, wọ́n yan Zuckerberg gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni kẹrìndínlógún nínú ìwádìí ọdọọdún ''[[New Statesman]]'' fún àwọn ènìyàn 50 tí ó ní agbára ìdarí jùlọ ní àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;htanna&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Mark Zuckerberg&amp;nbsp;– 50 People who matter 2010 |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/digital/2010/09/zuckerberg-faceman-site-world |work=New Statesman |location=UK |access-date=September 27, 2010 |archive-date=September 30, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100930152129/http://www.newstatesman.com/digital/2010/09/zuckerberg-faceman-site-world |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Medvedev and Zuckerberg October 2012-1.jpeg|thumb|Zuckerberg àti Alákòóso Àgbà Rọ́ṣíà [[Dmitry Medvedev]] nígbà ìpàdé wọn ní ilé olórí Rọ́ṣíà ní ẹ̀yìn odi Moscow, ní ọjọ́ kìíní Oṣù Kẹwàá 2012]]

Ní ọjọ́ kìíní Oṣù Kẹwàá, 2012, Zuckerberg pàdé pẹ̀lú Alákòóso Àgbà Rọ́ṣíà nígbà náà [[Dmitry Medvedev]] ní Moscow láti ru ìdàgbàsókè ìbáṣepọ̀ ayélujára ní Rọ́ṣíà sókè àti láti mú ipò Facebook lágbára ní ọjà Rọ́ṣíà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Kramer |first=Andrew E. |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Zuckerberg Meets With Medvedev in a Crucial Market |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/02/technology/zuckerberg-meets-with-medvedev-in-key-market.html |access-date=April 4, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404084719/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/02/technology/zuckerberg-meets-with-medvedev-in-key-market.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Elder |first=Miriam |date=October 1, 2012 |title=Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg meets excited Russian prime minister |newspaper=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/01/facebook-mark-zuckerberg-russia-prime-minister |access-date=April 4, 2023 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=April 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403193404/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/01/facebook-mark-zuckerberg-russia-prime-minister |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Mínísítà ibaraẹnisọrọ ti Rọ́ṣíà sọ lórí Twitter pé Medvedev rọ Zuckerberg láti ṣí ibùdó ìwádìí kan sí Moscow dípò tí yóò fi gbìyànjú láti fa àwọn olùkọ̀wé-kọ̀m̀pútà Rọ́ṣíà lọ. Ní 2012, Facebook ní nǹkan bí 9 mílíọ̀nù olùlò ní Rọ́ṣíà, nígbà tí ẹ̀dà abẹ́lé [[VK (social networking)|VK]] ní nǹkan bí 34 mílíọ̀nù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Russia pushes Facebook to open research center |url=https://www.foxnews.com/tech/russia-pushes-facebook-to-open-research-center/ |publisher=Fox News |date=October 1, 2012 |access-date=October 2, 2012 |archive-date=December 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209072834/http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2012/10/01/russia-pushes-facebook-to-open-research-center/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Russia pushes Facebook to open research center |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/russia-pushes-facebook-to-open-research-center/ |date=October 1, 2012 |access-date=April 4, 2023 |agency=CBS News |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404033319/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/russia-pushes-facebook-to-open-research-center/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún Oṣù Kẹjọ, 2013, ''[[The Washington Post]]'' ròyìn pé olùkọ̀wé-kọ̀m̀pútà wẹ́ẹ̀bù kan tí kò níṣẹ́ lọ́wọ́ wọ inú ìkànnì Facebook Zuckerberg láìgbàṣẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Mark Zuckerberg's Facebook page was hacked by an unemployed web developer |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2013/08/19/mark-zuckerbergs-facebook-page-was-hacked-by-an-unemployed-web-developer/ |access-date=August 19, 2013 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=August 19, 2013 |author=Caitlin Dewey |archive-date=August 19, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819155641/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2013/08/19/mark-zuckerbergs-facebook-page-was-hacked-by-an-unemployed-web-developer/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Níbi àpéjọ [[TechCrunch Disrupt]] ti ọdún 2013, tí ó wáyé ní Oṣù Kẹ̀sán, Zuckerberg sọ pé òun ń ṣiṣẹ́ láti forúkọsílẹ̀ àwọn ènìyàn 5&amp;nbsp;bílíọ̀nù tí kò tí ì ní àǹfààní sí Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì ní àkókò àpéjọ náà sí Facebook. Zuckerberg wá ṣàlàyé pé èyí wà ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú èrò iṣẹ́ [[Internet.org]], nípasẹ̀ èyí tí Facebook, pẹ̀lú àtìlẹyìn àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ mìíràn, ń wá ọ̀nà láti mú iye àwọn ènìyàn tí ó ń lo Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;Six&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=6 Things We Learned From Marissa Mayer and Mark Zuckerberg at TechCrunch Disrupt 2013 |url=http://searchenginewatch.com/article/2296067/6-Things-We-Learned-From-Marissa-Mayer-and-Mark-Zuckerberg-at-TechCrunch-Disrupt-2013 |work=TechCrunch |publisher=AOL Inc |access-date=September 23, 2013 |first=Victoria |last=Edwards |date=September 21, 2013 |archive-date=September 24, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130924084501/http://searchenginewatch.com/article/2296067/6-Things-We-Learned-From-Marissa-Mayer-and-Mark-Zuckerberg-at-TechCrunch-Disrupt-2013 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Sew&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Mark Zuckerberg Creates Tech Justice League to Bring Internet to the Masses |url=http://searchenginewatch.com/article/2290350/Mark-Zuckerberg-Creates-Tech-Justice-League-to-Bring-Internet-to-the-Masses |work=Search Engine Watch |publisher=Incisive Media Incisive Interactive Marketing LLC |access-date=September 23, 2013 |first=Alastair |last=Stevenson |date=August 22, 2013 |archive-date=September 28, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928001450/http://searchenginewatch.com/article/2290350/Mark-Zuckerberg-Creates-Tech-Justice-League-to-Bring-Internet-to-the-Masses |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zuckerberg ni olùbánisọ̀rọ̀ pàtàkì níbi [[Mobile World Congress]] (MWC) ti 2014, tí ó wáyé ní [[Barcelona]], Spain, ní Oṣù Kẹta 2014, èyí tí àwọn aṣojú 75,000 kópa nínú rẹ̀. Onírúurú orísun ilé-iṣẹ́ agbéròyìnjáde tẹnu mọ́ ìbáṣepọ̀ tó wà láàárín ìfojúsùn Facebook lórí ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ alágbèéká (mobile technology) àti ọ̀rọ̀ Zuckerberg, wọ́n sì sọ pé ẹ̀rọ alágbèéká ló dúró fún ọjọ́ iwájú ilé-iṣẹ́ náà.&lt;ref&gt;* {{cite news |title=Mark Zuckerberg goes to Barcelona to make mobile friends |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/feb/23/zuckerberg-facebook-barcelona-mobile-world-congress?CMP=EMCNEWEML6619I2 |access-date=February 24, 2014 |newspaper=The Guardian |date=February 23, 2014 |author=Samuel Gibbs |archive-date=March 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302200037/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/feb/23/zuckerberg-facebook-barcelona-mobile-world-congress?CMP=EMCNEWEML6619I2 |url-status=live}}
* {{cite news |title=Facebook's Zuckerberg to Speak at Mobile World Congress |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2014/01/16/facebooks-zuckerberg-to-speak-at-mobile-world-congress/ |access-date=February 24, 2014 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |date=January 16, 2014 |author=Sven Grundberg |archive-date=February 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218234325/http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2014/01/16/facebooks-zuckerberg-to-speak-at-mobile-world-congress/ |url-status=live}}
* {{cite web |title=Facebook's Zuckerberg to headline Mobile World Congress this year |url=http://gigaom.com/2014/01/16/facebooks-zuckerberg-to-headline-mobile-world-congress-this-year/ |work=Gigaom |publisher=Gigaom, Inc |access-date=February 24, 2014 |first=David |last=Meyer |date=January 16, 2014 |archive-date=February 27, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227230259/http://gigaom.com/2014/01/16/facebooks-zuckerberg-to-headline-mobile-world-congress-this-year/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ̀ àwọn eeyan pàtàkì mìíràn nínú ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ Amẹ́ríkà bíi Jeff Bezos àti [[Tim Cook]], Zuckerberg gba olóṣèlú ará China tí ó wá sàbẹ̀wò [[Lu Wei (politician)|Lu Wei]], ẹni tí a mọ̀ sí &quot;Czar Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì&quot; nítorí agbára rẹ̀ nínú mímú òfin Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì China ṣẹ, lálejò ní olú-ilé-iṣẹ́ Facebook ní ọjọ́ kẹjọ Oṣù Kejìlá, 2014. Ìpàdé náà wáyé lẹ́yìn tí Zuckerberg kópa nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò Q&amp;A kan ní [[Tsinghua University]] ní Beijing, China, ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún Oṣù Kẹwàá, 2014, níbi tí ó ti sọ èdè [[Standard Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author1=Alex Hern, Jonathan Kaiman |title=Mark Zuckerberg addresses Chinese university in Mandarin |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/23/mark-zuckerberg-chinese-university-fluent-mandarin-video |access-date=December 14, 2014 |work=The Guardian |date=October 23, 2014 |archive-date=December 13, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213093153/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/oct/23/mark-zuckerberg-chinese-university-fluent-mandarin-video |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zuckerberg ń gba [[one-dollar salary|owó-oṣù dọ́là kan]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Aláṣẹ Àgbà (CEO) Facebook.&lt;ref name=&quot;$1Club&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1326801/000119312513178090/d493645ddef14a.htm |title=Facebook, Inc. Proxy Statement |date=April 26, 2013 |access-date=March 30, 2014 |publisher=United States Security and Exchange Commission |quote=On January 1, 2013, Mr. Zuckerberg's annual base salary was reduced to $1 and he will no longer receive annual bonus compensation under our Bonus Plan. |page=31 |archive-date=June 23, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140623151822/http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1326801/000119312513178090/d493645ddef14a.htm |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Oṣù Kẹfà 2016, ''[[Business Insider]]'' dárúkọ Zuckerberg gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára &quot;Aṣáájú Ìran Iṣòwò 10 Tí Wọ́n Ń Ṣẹ̀dá Iye fún Àgbáyé&quot; pẹ̀lú [[Elon Musk]] àti [[Sal Khan]], nítorí òtítọ́ náà pé òun àti ìyàwó rẹ̀ &quot;ṣe ìlérí láti fi ìdá 99 nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún ọrọ̀ wọn sílẹ̀-èyí tí a fojú bù pé ó tó $55.0 bílíọ̀nù&quot; ({{Inflation|index=US|value=55000000000|start_year=2017|r=0|fmt=eq}}).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The top 10 business visionaries creating value for the world |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/top-ten-business-visionaries-creating-value-for-the-world-2016-6 |website=Business Insider |access-date=January 30, 2017 |archive-date=September 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911142101/http://www.businessinsider.com/top-ten-business-visionaries-creating-value-for-the-world-2016-6 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹẹdọ́gbọ̀n Oṣù Karùn-ún, 2017, níbi ayẹyẹ ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́gboyè 366th ti Harvard, Zuckerberg, lẹ́yìn tí ó sọ [[commencement speech|ọ̀rọ̀ ayẹyẹ ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́gboyè]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=May 25, 2017 |title=Zuckerberg finally gets Harvard degree |agency=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-40053163 |url-status=live |access-date=May 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200530205709/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-40053163 |archive-date=May 30, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; gba oyè ìdánilọ́lá láti Harvard.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Steinbock |first1=Anna |date=May 25, 2017 |title=Harvard awards 10 honorary degrees |work=[[Harvard Gazette]] |url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2017/05/harvard-awards-10-honorary-degrees-at-366th-commencement/ |url-status=live |access-date=May 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525124711/http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2017/05/harvard-awards-10-honorary-degrees-at-366th-commencement/ |archive-date=May 25, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Ojalvo |first=Holly Epstein |title=Mark Zuckerberg finally got his Harvard degree |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/college/2017/05/25/mark-zuckerberg-finally-got-his-harvard-degree/37432061/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200503124926/https://www.usatoday.com/story/college/2017/05/25/mark-zuckerberg-finally-got-his-harvard-degree/37432061/ |archive-date=May 3, 2020 |access-date=May 3, 2020 |newspaper=USA Today}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Oṣù Kínní 2019, Zuckerberg fi ìpìlẹ̀ lélẹ̀ láti ṣàkópọ̀ ètò [[end-to-end encrypted]] fún àwọn ìkànnì ìbáṣepọ̀ ńlá mẹ́ta, pẹ̀lú Facebook, [[Instagram]] àti [[WhatsApp]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/1/25/18197228/facebook-instagram-whatsapp-merge-messaging-services-mark-zuckerberg|title=Facebook plans to let Messenger, Instagram, and WhatsApp users message each other|access-date=January 25, 2019|website=The Verge|date=January 25, 2019|archive-date=January 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125230854/https://www.theverge.com/2019/1/25/18197228/facebook-instagram-whatsapp-merge-messaging-services-mark-zuckerberg|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kẹrinlá Oṣù Kẹjọ, 2020, Facebook ṣàkópọ̀ àwọn ètò ìfọ̀rọ̀wérọ̀ fún Instagram àti Messenger lórí àwọn ẹ̀rọ iOS àti Android méjèèjì. Ìmúṣojú náà gba ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ láàárín àwọn olùlò Instagram àti Facebook níyànjú.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/8/14/21369737/facebook-merging-instagram-messenger-chats-update|title=Facebook begins merging Instagram and Messenger chats in new update|access-date=August 14, 2020|website=The Verge|date=August 14, 2020|archive-date=January 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117235754/https://www.theverge.com/2020/8/14/21369737/facebook-merging-instagram-messenger-chats-update|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Àwọn iṣẹ́-àkànṣe mìíràn===
[[File:Mark Zuckerberg, World Economic Forum 2009 Annual Meeting.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Àwòrán ẹ̀gbẹ́ ìbàdí ọkùnrin kan ní ẹni ọgbọ̀n ọdún, tí ó ń wo inú kámẹ́rà tí ó sì ń fi ọwọ́ méjèèjì sọ̀rọ̀, ó wọ ẹ̀wù dúdú tí ó kọ &quot;The North Face&quot; àti ìdánimọ̀ lórí okùn funfun tí ó kọ́ sí ọrùn rẹ̀|Zuckerberg ní [[World Economic Forum]] ní [[Davos]], Switzerland (Oṣù Kínní 2009)]]

Oṣù kan lẹ́yìn tí Zuckerberg ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ Facebook ní Oṣù Kejì 2004, [[i2hub]], iṣẹ́ mìíràn tí ó wà fún àgbègbè ilé-ìwé nìkan, tí [[Wayne Chang]] dá sílẹ̀ tí ó sì dá lórí pínpín fáìlì [[peer-to-peer]], ni wọ́n ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀. Ní àkókò náà, i2hub àti Facebook ń gba àkíyèsí àwọn oníròyìn wọ́n sì ń dàgbà kánkán ní ti iye olùlò àti òkìkí. Ní Oṣù Kẹjọ 2004, Zuckerberg, Andrew McCollum, [[Adam D'Angelo]], àti [[Sean Parker]] ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ iṣẹ́ pínpín fáìlì peer-to-peer tí ó ń bá wọn díje tí a pè ní [[Wirehog]], aṣáájú fún àwọn ìfilọ́lẹ̀ [[Facebook Platform]], èyí tí wọ́n ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ rẹ̀ ní 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |publisher=Martey Dodoo |url=http://www.marteydodoo.com/2004/08/16/wirehog/ |date=August 16, 2004 |title=Wirehog? |author=Martey Dodoo |access-date=July 26, 2010 |archive-date=July 14, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714042158/http://www.marteydodoo.com/2004/08/16/wirehog/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |work=Harvard Crimson |url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2004/8/13/zuckerberg-programs-new-website-having-seemingly/ |date=August 13, 2004 |title=Zuckerberg Programs New Website |author=Alan J. Tabak |access-date=July 26, 2010 |archive-date=August 23, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823043910/http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2004/8/13/zuckerberg-programs-new-website-having-seemingly/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gits4u.com/infotech/info15.htm |title=80000 developers |access-date=April 21, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170324022748/http://www.gits4u.com/infotech/info15.htm |archive-date=March 24, 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní 2013, Zuckerberg ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ [[Internet.org]], èyí tí ó ṣàpèjúwe gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìgbésẹ̀ láti pèsè àǹfààní Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì fún àwọn ènìyàn bílíọ̀nù márùn-ún tí kò ní i ní ọjọ́ ìfilọ́lẹ̀ náà. Iṣẹ́ náà dojúkọ àtakò ńlá ní India, níbi tí àwọn ajàfẹ́tọ̀ọ́ ti sọ pé Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì oníwọ̀nba rẹ̀ lòdì sí ìlànà [[net neutrality]]; Zuckerberg fèsì nípa sísọ pé Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì oníwọ̀nba dára ju kí á má ní Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì rárá. Wọ́n ti Internet.org pa ní India ní Oṣù Kejì 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Jessi Hempel |url=https://www.wired.com/story/what-happened-to-facebooks-grand-plan-to-wire-the-world/ |title=What Happened to Internet.org, Facebook's Grand Plan to Wire the World? |work=wired.com |date=May 17, 2018 |access-date=March 1, 2020 |archive-date=March 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301005856/https://www.wired.com/story/what-happened-to-facebooks-grand-plan-to-wire-the-world/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Meet at the Silicon Valley among the tech leaders and Indian Prime Minister-Narendra Modi |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/social/at-facebook-we-also-believe-in-net-neutrality-very-strongly-mark-zuckerberg/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004090103/http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/social/at-facebook-we-also-believe-in-net-neutrality-very-strongly-mark-zuckerberg/ |archive-date=October 4, 2015 |access-date=October 9, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zuckerberg jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ ìgbìmọ̀ fún iṣẹ́ ìdàgbàsókè ọkọ̀-òfuurufú [[solar sail]] [[Breakthrough Starshot]], èyí tí ó bá [[Yuri Milner]] àti [[Stephen Hawking]] dá sílẹ̀ ní 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newsweek.com/mark-zuckerberg-joins-100-million-initiative-send-tiny-space-probes-explore-447513|title=Mark Zuckerberg just joined a new project to explore the universe faster|first=Seung|last=Lee|date=April 13, 2016|magazine=Newsweek|access-date=May 29, 2019|archive-date=October 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022151521/https://www.newsweek.com/mark-zuckerberg-joins-100-million-initiative-send-tiny-space-probes-explore-447513|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ẹjọ́ ==
{{see also|Criticism of Facebook}}
=== Àwọn ẹjọ́ ConnectU ===
{{Main|ConnectU}}
Àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Harvard [[Cameron Winklevoss]], [[Tyler Winklevoss]], àti [[Divya Narendra]] fẹ̀sùn kan Zuckerberg pé ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ jẹ́ kí wọ́n gbàgbọ́ pé òun yóò ràn wọ́n lọ́wọ́ láti kọ́ ìkànnì ìbáṣepọ̀ kan tí a ń pè ní HarvardConnection.com (tí wọ́n padà pè ní [[ConnectU]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;zuckerberghacked2&quot; /&gt; Wọ́n pe ẹjọ́ ní 2004; wọ́n sì da ẹjọ́ náà nù lórí àwọn kókó ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n Oṣù Kẹta, 2007. Wọ́n tún ẹjọ́ náà pè láìpẹ́ lẹ́yìn náà ní [[United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts|ilé-ẹjọ́ ìjọba àpapọ̀]] ní [[Boston]]. Facebook pe ẹjọ́ padà lórí Social Butterfly, iṣẹ́ kan tí [[The Winklevoss Chang Group]] gbé jáde, èyí tí wọ́n sọ pé ó jẹ́ àjọṣepọ̀ láàárín ConnectU àti [[i2hub]]. Ní ọjọ́ kẹẹdọ́gbọ̀n Oṣù Kẹfà, 2008, wọ́n parí ẹjọ́ náà, Facebook sì gbà láti gbé 1.2 mílíọ̀nù ìpín àti láti san $20 mílíọ̀nù ní owó-bẹ̀lẹ̀jẹ́ ({{Inflation|index=US|value=20000000|start_year=2009|r=0|fmt=eq}}).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Logged in as click here to log out |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/facebook-mark-zuckerberg-ex-classmates |title=Facebook paid up to $65m to founder Mark Zuckerberg's ex-classmates |work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=February 12, 2009 |access-date=August 21, 2009 |archive-date=December 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216185121/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/feb/12/facebook-mark-zuckerberg-ex-classmates |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Oṣù Kọkànlá 2007, wọ́n gbé àwọn ìwé ẹjọ́ sí ori ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù ''[[02138]]'', ìwé-ìròyìn kan tí ó wà fún àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́gboyè Harvard. Wọ́n pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà Social Security Zuckerberg, àdírẹ́sì ilé àwọn òbí rẹ̀, àti àdírẹ́sì ọ̀rẹ́bìnrin rẹ̀. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé Facebook pe ẹjọ́ láti yọ àwọn ìwé náà kúrò, adájọ́ dájọ́ ní ojúrere ''02138''.&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=McCarthy |first=Caroline |url=http://www.news.com/8301-13577_3-9827222-36.html?tag=cd.blog |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120915032928/http://www.news.com/8301-13577_3-9827222-36.html?tag=cd.blog |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 15, 2012 |title=article about 02138 |publisher=News.com |date=November 30, 2007 |access-date=June 26, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Eduardo Saverin ===
{{Main|Eduardo Saverin}}

Ní 2005, alájùmọ̀dásílẹ̀ Facebook [[Eduardo Saverin]] pe ẹjọ́ kotẹ́milọ́rùn sí Zuckerberg àti Facebook, pẹ̀lú ẹ̀sùn pé Zuckerberg ti ná owó Saverin lọ́nà tí kò tọ́ fún ìnáwó ara rẹ̀. Wọ́n parí ẹjọ́ náà lẹ́yìn ilé-ẹjọ́, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé wọ́n fi àwọn àdéhùn ìpèjọ́ náà pamọ́, ilé-iṣẹ́ náà fidi oyè Saverin múlẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí alájùmọ̀dásílẹ̀ Facebook, Saverin sì gbà láti dáwọ́ sísọ̀rọ̀ sí àwọn oníròyìn dúró.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Carlson |first=Nicholas |date=May 15, 2012 |title=EXCLUSIVE: How Mark Zuckerberg booted his co-founder out of the company |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/how-mark-zuckerberg-booted-his-co-founder-out-of-the-company-2012-5 |access-date=September 25, 2022 |website=Business Insider |archive-date=September 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901075318/https://www.businessinsider.com/how-mark-zuckerberg-booted-his-co-founder-out-of-the-company-2012-5 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Hempel |first=Jessi |date=July 25, 2009 |title=The book that Facebook doesn't want you to read |publisher=CNN |url=https://money.cnn.com/2009/06/25/technology/founding_of_facebook.fortune/ |url-status=dead |access-date=May 21, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914024405/http://money.cnn.com/2009/06/25/technology/founding_of_facebook.fortune/ |archive-date=September 14, 2010 |archivedate=September 14, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914024405/http://money.cnn.com/2009/06/25/technology/founding_of_facebook.fortune/ |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwádìí ọ̀daràn ní Pakistan ===
Ní Oṣù Kẹfà 2010, Igbákejì Agbẹjọ́rò Àgbà Pakistan nígbà náà Muhammad Azhar Sidiqque bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìwádìí ọ̀daràn lórí Zuckerberg àti àwọn alájùmọ̀dásílẹ̀ Facebook [[Dustin Moskovitz]] àti [[Chris Hughes]] lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ṣe ìdíje &quot;[[Everybody Draw Mohammed Day|Ya Muhammad]]&quot; lórí Facebook. Ìwádìí náà tún dárúkọ obìnrin German kan tí a kò mọ orúkọ rẹ̀ tí ó dá ìdíje náà sílẹ̀. Sidiqque rọ ọlọ́pàá orílẹ̀-èdè náà láti kan sí [[Interpol]] láti mú Zuckerberg àti àwọn mẹ́ta yòókù fún ẹ̀sùn [[blasphemy law|ọ̀rọ̀-òdì]]. Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún Oṣù Karùn-ún, 2010, wọ́n ti ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù Facebook pa fún ìgbà díẹ̀ ní Pakistan títí tí Facebook fi yọ ìdíje náà kúrò lórí ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù rẹ̀ ní òpin Oṣù Karùn-ún. Sidiqque tún rọ aṣojú UN wọn láti gbé ọ̀rọ̀ náà dìde ní [[United Nations General Assembly]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=West|first=Jackson |url=http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local-beat/Facebook-CEO-Named-in-Pakiistan-Criminal-Investigation.html |title=Facebook CEO Named in Pakistan Criminal Investigation |date=June 18, 2010 |publisher=NBC Bay Area |access-date=June 26, 2010 |archive-date=June 21, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621144712/http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local-beat/Facebook-CEO-Named-in-Pakiistan-Criminal-Investigation.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.theregister.com/2010/06/17/zuckerberg_faces_criminal_investigation_in_pakistan/|title=Pakistani lawyer petitions for death of Mark Zuckerberg|website=The Register|access-date=October 24, 2020|archive-date=November 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109030812/https://www.theregister.com/2010/06/17/zuckerberg_faces_criminal_investigation_in_pakistan/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Paul Ceglia ===
{{Main|Paul Ceglia}}
Ní Oṣù Kẹfà 2010, Paul Ceglia, oníṣòwò epo [[pellet fuel|igi]] ní [[Allegany County, New York|Allegany County, upstate New York]], pe ẹjọ́ sí Zuckerberg, ó sọ pé òun ní ìdá 84 nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún Facebook ó sì ń béèrè fún owó ìtanràn. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ceglia ṣe sọ, òun àti Zuckerberg fọwọ́sí àdéhùn ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n Oṣù Kẹrin, 2003, pé owó ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ tí ó jẹ́ $1,000 ({{Inflation|index=US|value=1000|start_year=2003|r=0|fmt=eq}}) fún Ceglia ní ẹ̀tọ́ sí 50% ti owó tí ń wọlé láti ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà, àti àfikún 1% nínú iṣẹ́-òwò náà fún ọjọ́ kọ̀ọ̀kan lẹ́yìn ọjọ́ kìíní Oṣù Kínní, 2004, títí tí ojú-òpó wẹ́ẹ̀bù náà yóò fi parí. Zuckerberg ń ṣe àwọn iṣẹ́-àkànṣe mìíràn ní àkókò náà, lára èyí tí ''Facemash'' wà, èyí tí ó ṣáájú Facebook, ṣùgbọ́n kò forúkọsílẹ̀ orúkọ domain ''thefacebook.com'' títí di ọjọ́ kìíní Oṣù Kínní, 2004. Ìṣàkóso Facebook pe ẹjọ́ náà ní &quot;ẹjọ́ lásán tí kò ní kókó&quot;. Agbẹnusọ Facebook Barry Schnitt sọ fún oníròyìn kan pé agbẹjọ́rò Ceglia ti gbìyànjú láti wá ìpèjọ́ lẹ́yìn ilé-ẹjọ́ ṣùgbọ́n ó kùnà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.wellsvilledaily.com/article/20100729/NEWS/307299940 |title=Facebook does not have a like button for Ceglia |author=Anderson, John |work=The Wellsville Daily Reporter |publisher=WellsvilleDaily.com |date=July 29, 2010 |access-date=August 29, 2010 |archive-date=March 30, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330113101/http://www.wellsvilledaily.com/article/20100729/News/307299940 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://venturebeat.com/2010/07/20/zuckerberg-ceglia|title=Venture beat coverage of Ceglia lawsuit|date=July 20, 2010|access-date=September 4, 2017|archive-date=December 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202164414/https://venturebeat.com/2010/07/20/zuckerberg-ceglia/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlọ́gbọ̀n Oṣù Kẹwàá, 2012, àwọn aláṣẹ ìjọba àpapọ̀ mú Ceglia, wọ́n fẹ̀sùn kan an fún jìbìtì ìfìwéránṣẹ́ àti wáyà (mail and wire fraud) àti ti &quot;fífi ọwọ́ kan, pípa run àti híhun ẹ̀rí nínú ètò láti lu olùdásílẹ̀ Facebook ní jìbìtì àwọn bílíọ̀nù dọ́là&quot;. Wọ́n fẹ̀sùn kan Ceglia pé ó hun àwọn lẹ́tà-ayélujára (emails) láti jẹ́ kí ó dàbí pé òun àti Zuckerberg jíròrò àwọn kúlẹ̀kúlẹ̀ nípa ẹ̀dà Facebook ti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ṣàyẹ̀wò àwọn lẹ́tà-ayélujára wọn, àwọn olùwádìí rí i pé kò sí ibi tí wọ́n ti mẹ́nuba Facebook nínú wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ecommercetimes.com/story/Feds-Collar-Would-Be-Facebook-Fraudster-76504.html |title=Feds Collar Would-Be Facebook Fraudster |publisher=E-Commerce News |date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=October 30, 2012 |archive-date=May 11, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511234709/http://www.ecommercetimes.com/story/Feds-Collar-Would-Be-Facebook-Fraudster-76504.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ agbẹjọ́rò kan yọwọ́ kúrò nínú ẹjọ́ náà kí wọ́n tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ rẹ̀, àwọn mìíràn sì yọwọ́ lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n mú Ceglia.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/10/29/a-dubious-case-found-lawyers-eager-to-make-some-money/ |title=A Dubious Case Found Lawyers Eager to Make Some Money |newspaper=The New York Times |date=October 29, 2012 |access-date=March 5, 2017 |archive-date=December 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202161121/https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/10/29/a-dubious-case-found-lawyers-eager-to-make-some-money/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_21887915/paul-ceglias-lawyer-drops-out-facebook-suit-after |title=Paul Ceglia's lawyer drops out of Facebook suit after arrest |newspaper=San Jose Mercury News |date=October 30, 2012 |access-date=October 30, 2012 |archive-date=March 2, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302053344/http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_21887915/paul-ceglias-lawyer-drops-out-facebook-suit-after |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ilẹ̀ ní Hawaii ===
Ní 2014, Zuckerberg ra ilẹ̀ acre 700 ní erékùṣù [[Kauai|Kaua{{Okina}}i]] ti Hawaii. Ní Oṣù Kínní 2017, Zuckerberg pe ẹjọ́ &quot;[[quiet title]] àti [[Partition (law)|pípín]]&quot; mẹ́jọ sí ọgọ́rọ̀ọ̀rún [[native Hawaiians|àwọn Ọmọ Onílẹ̀ Hawaii]] láti gba àwọn abala ilẹ̀ kéékèèké tí wọ́n ni nínú ilẹ̀ rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |date=January 23, 2017 |title=Hawaiians call Mark Zuckerberg 'the face of neocolonialism' over land lawsuits |url=http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jan/23/mark-zuckerberg-hawaii-land-lawsuits-kauai-estate |access-date=April 4, 2022 |newspaper=The Guardian |archive-date=April 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404024929/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/jan/23/mark-zuckerberg-hawaii-land-lawsuits-kauai-estate |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg fèsì sí àwọn ìríwísí nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀ránṣẹ́ [[Facebook]] kan, ó sọ pé àwọn ẹjọ́ náà jẹ́ ìgbésẹ̀ pẹ̀lú èrò rere láti san &quot;ìpín tí ó tọ́&quot; fún àwọn oní-ìpín ilẹ̀ náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Nígbà tí ó mọ̀ pé [[Property law|òfin nini ilẹ̀]] Hawaii yàtọ̀ sí ti àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ 49 yòókù, ó yọwọ́ nínú àwọn ẹjọ́ náà. Zuckerberg sọ pé òun kábàámọ̀ pé òun kò gba àkókò láti lóye ilana náà àti ìtàn rẹ̀ kí òun tó tẹ̀síwájú.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.wired.co.uk/article/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-hawaii-land-lawsuit Mark Zuckerberg hits back at 'misleading' claims he is suing Hawaiian landowners] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110005121/https://www.wired.co.uk/article/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-hawaii-land-lawsuit |date=November 10, 2017 }}, Wired, January 20, 2017&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bizjournals.com/pacific/news/2017/02/26/facebooks-zuckerberg-officially-drops-hawaii-quiet.html &quot;Facebook's Zuckerberg officially drops Hawaii 'quiet title' actions&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304193104/http://www.bizjournals.com/pacific/news/2017/02/26/facebooks-zuckerberg-officially-drops-hawaii-quiet.html |date=March 4, 2017 }}, ''Pacific Business News'', February 26, 2017&lt;/ref&gt; Níkẹyìn, títa ní gbangba (auction) ṣèrànwọ́ láti ta àwọn abala ilẹ̀ náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;o200&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;s048&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Rogers | first=Stephanie | title=Jeff Bezos Just Added a $78M Hawaiian Estate to His $500M Real Estate Portfolio | website=Dornob via Yahoo News | date=2022-01-10 | url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/jeff-bezos-just-added-78m-140022683.html | access-date=2025-11-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Zuckerberg san $17 mílíọ̀nù ({{Inflation|index=US|value=17000000|start_year=2021|r=0|fmt=eq}}) láti fi acre 110 kún ilẹ̀ acre 1,500 rẹ̀ tí ó fa aáwọ̀ ní [[Kauai]], ní Oṣù Kejìlá 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;o200&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Yang | first=Maya | title=Mark Zuckerberg adds 110 acres to controversial 1,500-acre Hawaii estate | website=the Guardian | date=2021-12-28 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/dec/28/mark-zuckerberg-110-acres-hawaii | access-date=2025-10-30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó kéré jùlọ, $145 mílíọ̀nù ni Zuckerberg ná lórí ilẹ̀ ní Kauai èyí tí ó ń dàgbàsókè sí ibi ìsinmi acre 1,450 ńlá tí ó ní odi ní apá kan. Ní Oṣù Kínní, nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀ránṣẹ́ lórí Instagram, ó gbé àwòrán ẹran steak ńlá síbẹ̀ ó sì sọ pẹ̀lú àwàdà pé &quot;nínú gbogbo àwọn iṣẹ́-àkànṣe mi, èyí ló dùn jùlọ,&quot; tí ó ń fi hàn pé ó ń sin màlúù Wagyu àti Angus tí wọ́n ń fún ní ọtí bia lórí ilẹ̀ náà, tí ó sì ń mú àwọn ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀ kópa nínú ilana náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | last=Liu | first=Phoebe | title=These Billionaires Own 11% Of Hawaii's Private Land | website=Forbes | date=2024-02-18 | url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/phoebeliu/2024/02/18/meet-the-billionaires-buying-up-hawaii/ | access-date=2025-10-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ẹ̀rí níwájú Ile-igbimọ Asofin ti Amẹ́ríkà ===
Ní ọjọ́ kẹwàá àti kọkànlá Oṣù Kẹrin, 2018, Zuckerberg jẹ́rìí níwájú [[United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation]] nípa lílo àwọn dátà ara ẹni láti ọwọ́ Facebook ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú [[Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal|ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ itanjẹ dátà Facebook–Cambridge Analytica]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/mark-zuckerberg-us-testimony-it-was-my-mistake-and-im-sorry-facebook-cambridge-analytica/|website=politico.eu|title=Zuckerberg testimony: 'We didn't do enough'|first=John|last=Hendel|year=2018|quote=“We didn't take a broad enough view of our responsibility, and that was a big mistake”}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/meetings/facebook-social-media-privacy-and-the-use-and-abuse-of-data|title=Facebook, Social Media Privacy, and the Use and Abuse of Data |publisher=United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary|date=April 10, 2018 |access-date=April 10, 2018|archive-date=September 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908134328/https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/meetings/facebook-social-media-privacy-and-the-use-and-abuse-of-data|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó pe gbogbo ọ̀rọ̀ náà ní rírú ìgbẹ́kẹ̀lé láàárín [[Aleksandr Kogan (scientist)|Aleksandr Kogan]], [[Cambridge Analytica]], àti Facebook.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/zuck/posts/10104712037900071 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/4/10104712037900071 |archive-date=February 26, 2022 |url-access=limited|title=MArk Zuckerberg Facebook Post|publisher=Facebook|date=April 28, 2018}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg kọ̀ láti yọjú láti pèsè ẹ̀rí lórí ọ̀rọ̀ náà fún ìgbìmọ̀ [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Ile-igbimọ Asofin]] ní United Kingdom.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-43554135|title = Zuckerberg's snub to MPS 'astonishing'|agency = BBC News|date = March 27, 2018|access-date = June 20, 2018|archive-date = May 29, 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180529155150/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-43554135|url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kìíní Oṣù Kẹwàá, 2020, [[United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation|Ìgbìmọ̀ Alàgbà lórí Iṣòwò ti Amẹ́ríkà]] fi ìbò àṣẹyọ̀kan pinnu láti fún àwọn Aláṣẹ Àgbà ti àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ gíga mẹ́ta, pẹ̀lú Zuckerberg, [[Google|Sundar Pichai]] ti [[Sundar Pichai|Google]] àti [[Jack Dorsey]] ti [[Twitter|Twitter]], ní [[subpoenas|ìwé-ìpè ilé-ẹjọ́]]. Àwọn ìwé-ìpè náà ni èrò láti fipá mú àwọn Aláṣẹ Àgbà náà láti jẹ́rìí nípa àbò òfin tí òfin fún àwọn pèpéle ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ lábẹ́ [[Section 230|Abala 230 ti Òfin Ibaraẹnisọrọ]] ti 1934. Àwọn ọmọ [[Republican Party (United States)|Ẹgbẹ́ Republican]] tí Amẹ́ríkà jiyàn pé òfin náà ń dáàbò bo àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìbáṣepọ̀ ayélujára lọ́nà tí kò tọ́ lódì sí àwọn ẹ̀sùn ìfèhónú-hàn tí ó lòdì sí àwọn onítara-orílẹ̀-èdè (anti-conservative censorship).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/10/01/tech/facebook-google-senate-subpoena/index.html|title=Senate Commerce votes to issue subpoenas to CEOs of Facebook, Google and Twitter|access-date=October 1, 2020|agency=CNN|date=October 2020 |archive-date=October 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011153717/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/10/01/tech/facebook-google-senate-subpoena/index.html |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹẹdọ́gbọ̀n Oṣù Kẹta, 2021, Zuckerberg jẹ́rìí níwájú Ìgbìmọ̀ Agbára àti Iṣòwò ti Ilé (House Energy and Commerce Committee) nípa ipa Facebook nínú pípínkiri àwọn ìwífún tí kò tọ́ àti ọ̀rọ̀ ìríra lórí pèpéle náà. Nígbà ìgbẹ́jọ́ náà, wọ́n béèrè lọ́wọ́ rẹ̀ nípa bí Facebook ṣe ń tọ́jú dátà olùlò, ipa rẹ̀ nínú [[2021 storming of the United States Capitol|ìkọlù ọjọ́ kẹfà Oṣù Kínní, 2021, lórí Ilé Capitol Amẹ́ríkà]], àti àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ rẹ̀ láti dènà ìwífún tí kò tọ́ àti ọ̀rọ̀ ìríra. Zuckerberg gbà pé Facebook ní ojúṣe láti kojú àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ wọ̀nyí, ó sì ṣe àlàyé àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ tí ilé-iṣẹ́ náà ń gbé láti mú àwọn ìlànà àti ìṣe rẹ̀ sunwọ̀n síi. Ìgbẹ́jọ́ náà jẹ́ apá kan ìgbìyànjú tí ó gbòòrò síi láti ọwọ́ Ile-igbimọ Asofin láti mú àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ jíhìn fún ipa wọn nínú dídarí ọ̀rọ̀ ìgboro àti dídáàbò bo àṣírí olùlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/25/tech/tech-ceos-hearing/|title=Facebook, Twitter and Google CEOs grilled by Congress on misinformation|access-date=December 15, 2023|agency=CNN|date=March 25, 2021|archive-date=March 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325193152/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/25/tech/tech-ceos-hearing/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Oṣù Kínní 2024, níbi ìgbẹ́jọ́ [[United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary|Ìgbìmọ̀ Adájọ́ ti Alàgbà]] lórí àbò ọmọdé àti àwọn pèpéle ìbáṣepọ̀ ayélujára, Zuckerberg, pẹ̀lú àwọn Aláṣẹ Àgbà ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ mìíràn, ni wọ́n fọ̀rọ̀ wá lẹ́nu wò nípa àwọn ìṣe ilé-iṣẹ́ wọn. Nígbà ìgbẹ́jọ́ náà, ó dìde dúró, ó yíjú sí àwọn olùwòran, ó sì tọrọ àforíjìn lọ́wọ́ àwọn ẹbí àwọn ọmọdé tí wọ́n jẹ́ olùfarapa ìlòkulò àti ìpalára lórí ayélujára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Kelly |first1=Heather |last2=Lima-Strong |first2=Cristiano |last3=Zakrzewski |first3=Cat |date=January 31, 2024 |title=Mark Zuckerberg apologizes to parents at Senate child safety hearing |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/01/31/mark-zuckerberg-apology-hearing-child-safety/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240314162022/https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/01/31/mark-zuckerberg-apology-hearing-child-safety/ |archive-date=March 14, 2024 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Hamilton |first=David |date=February 1, 2024 |title=Mark Zuckerberg's long apology tour: A brief history |url=https://apnews.com/article/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-apology-c7055b654f63a23d09b6a96388dfa2b4 |publisher=Associated Press |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226142501/https://apnews.com/article/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-apology-c7055b654f63a23d09b6a96388dfa2b4 |archive-date=February 26, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àtakò sí àwọn àbá Meta fún ìlera ọpọlọ àwọn ọ̀dọ̀ ===
Àwọn ìwé ilé-ẹjọ́ fẹ̀sùn kan Zuckerberg pé ó fúnra rẹ̀ kọ àwọn àbá Meta láti mú ìlera ọpọlọ àwọn ọ̀dọ̀ sunwọ̀n síi. Ó tako àwọn ìgbìyànjú láti mú ìgbé-ayé-rere sunwọ̀n síi lórí Facebook àti Instagram léraléra, ó sì kọjú sí àwọn aláṣẹ àgbà bíi olórí Instagram [[Adam Mosseri]] àti Ààrẹ Ọ̀rọ̀ Àgbáyé [[Nick Clegg]], gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ti ṣí i payá nínú ẹjọ́ tí ó ń lọ lọ́wọ́. Àwọn ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ abẹ́lé tí a ṣí payá nínú ìgbésẹ̀ òfin tí Massachusetts pilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ fi ìkọ̀jálẹ̀ Zuckerberg hàn láti dáàbò bo àwọn ọ̀dọ̀ tí ó ju 30 mílíọ̀nù lọ lórí Instagram ní Amẹ́ríkà, tí ó sì ń tẹnu mọ́ ipa ńlá rẹ̀ lórí àwọn ìpinnu Meta tí ó ń kan àwọn olùlò bílíọ̀nù. Àwọn ìwé wọ̀nyí tún tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ sí àwọn aáwọ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan láàárín Zuckerberg àti àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ Meta mìíràn tí wọ́n ń jà fún ìmúsunwọ̀n ìgbé-ayé-rere olùlò.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Fung |first=Brian |date=November 8, 2023|archive-date=November 9, 2023|title=Mark Zuckerberg personally rejected Meta's proposals to improve teen mental health, court documents allege |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/08/tech/meta-facebook-instagram-teen-safety/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109120734/https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/08/tech/meta-facebook-instagram-teen-safety/|access-date=November 10, 2023|agency=CNN|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn àfihàn nínú iṣẹ́ agbéròyìnjáde ==
===''The Social Network''===
{{further|The Social Network}}
[[File:Jesse Eisenberg by Gage Skidmore.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Jesse Eisenberg]] (ninu àwòrán) ló ṣe ẹ̀dá Zuckerberg nínú ''[[The Social Network]]''.]]
Sinimá kan tí ó dá lórí Zuckerberg àti àwọn ọdún ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Facebook, ''[[The Social Network]]'', jáde ní ọjọ́ kìíní Oṣù Kẹwàá, 2010, pẹ̀lú [[Jesse Eisenberg]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Zuckerberg. Lẹ́yìn tí Zuckerberg gbọ́ nípa sinimá náà, ó fèsì pé, &quot;Mo kàn fẹ́ kí ẹnikẹ́ni má ṣe sinimá nípa mi nígbà tí mo ṣì wà láàyè.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |access-date=June 26, 2010 |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-13860_3-20006653-56.html?tag=mncol;title |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120712204017/http://news.cnet.com/8301-13860_3-20006653-56.html?tag=mncol;title |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 12, 2012 |title=Zuckerberg in the hot seat at D8 |publisher=CNET |date=June 2, 2010 |author=Fried, Ina }}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lúpẹ̀lù, lẹ́yìn tí ìwé-ìtàn sinimá náà (script) jo sórí Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì tí ó sì hàn gbangba pé sinimá náà kò ní fi Zuckerberg hàn ní ìmọ́lẹ̀ rere pátápátá, ó sọ pé òun fẹ́ fi ara òun hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí &quot;ènìyàn rere&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |access-date=July 18, 2010 |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article7127721.ece |title=Movie depicts seamy life of Facebook boss |newspaper=The Times |date=May 16, 2010 |last=Harlow |first=John |archive-date=November 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118143953/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/ |url-status=dead |archivedate=November 18, 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118143953/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/ |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sinimá náà dá lórí ìwé ''[[The Accidental Billionaires]]'' láti ọwọ́ [[Ben Mezrich]], èyí tí agbẹnusọ ìwé náà ti ṣàpèjúwe rí gẹ́gẹ́ bí &quot;ìdùnnú ńlá&quot; dípò &quot;ìròyìn&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |access-date=September 22, 2010 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/21/business/media/21facebook.html |title=Facebook Feels Unfriendly Toward Film It Inspired |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 20, 2010 |last1=Cieply |first1=Michael |last2=Helft |first2=Miguel |name-list-style=amp |archive-date=April 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120409040102/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/21/business/media/21facebook.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Olùkọ̀wé-ìtàn sinimá náà [[Aaron Sorkin]] sọ fún [[New York (magazine)|ìwé-ìròyìn ''New York'']] pé, &quot;N kò fẹ́ kí ìdúróṣinṣin mi jẹ́ òtítọ́; mo fẹ́ kí ó jẹ́ ìtàn-sísọ&quot;, ó fi kún un pé, &quot;Kí ni ohun ńlá nípa ìpéye nítorí ìpéye lásán, àti pé ṣé a kò le jẹ́ kí òtítọ́ jẹ́ ọ̀tá ohun rere?&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |access-date=September 22, 2010 |url=https://nymag.com/movies/features/68319 |title=Inventing Facebook |magazine=New York |date=September 17, 2010 |last=Harris|first=Mark |archive-date=September 22, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100922042113/http://nymag.com/movies/features/68319/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nígbà tí ó gba [[Golden Globe Award]] fún Àwòrán Tí Ó Dára Jùlọ ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún Oṣù Kínní, 2011, olùgbéré-jáde [[Scott Rudin]] dúpẹ́ lọ́wọ́ Facebook àti Zuckerberg &quot;fún ìfẹ́ inú rẹ̀ láti gba wa láyè láti lo ìgbésí ayé àti iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[metaphor|àfiwé]] láti fi sọ ìtàn nípa ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ àti ọ̀nà tí a ń gbà bá ara wa ṣe&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://techland.time.com/2011/01/17/the-social-network-filmmakers-thank-zuckerberg-during-golden-globes/ |title=The Social Network Filmmakers Thank Zuckerberg During Golden Globes |work=Techland |date=January 17, 2011 |access-date=January 23, 2011 |archive-date=January 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120160001/http://techland.time.com/2011/01/17/the-social-network-filmmakers-thank-zuckerberg-during-golden-globes/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Sorkin, ẹni tí ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ fún Ìwé-ìtàn Sinimá Tí Ó Dára Jùlọ, fa díẹ̀ nínú àwọn èrò tí ó fi hàn nínú ìwé-ìtàn rẹ̀ sẹ́yìn:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |url=https://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2011/01/aaron_sorkin.html |title=Last Night, Aaron Sorkin Demonstrated How to Apologize Without Accepting Responsibility |journal=New York |date=January 17, 2011 |access-date=March 16, 2020 |archive-date=September 27, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927174810/http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2011/01/aaron_sorkin.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
:Mo fẹ́ sọ fún Mark Zuckerberg lálẹ́ òní, tí o bá ń wò ó, ẹ̀dá-ìtàn [[Rooney Mara]] sọ àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ kan ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ sinimá náà. Ó ṣèṣe. O ti di oníṣòwò ńlá, aríran, àti aláàánú aláìlẹ́gbẹ́.

Ní Oṣù Kínní 2011, Zuckerberg ṣe àbẹ̀wò pàtàkì tí a kò retí lórí ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'', èyí tí Jesse Eisenberg gbàlejò. Àwọn méjèèjì sọ pé ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ tí wọ́n pàdé nìyẹn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |access-date=January 30, 2011 |url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20462104,00.html |title=Mark Zuckerberg Meets Jesse Eisenberg on Saturday Night Live |magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]] |date=January 30, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110131034819/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20462104,00.html |archive-date=January 31, 2011 |archivedate=January 31, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110131034819/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20462104,00.html |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eisenberg béèrè lọ́wọ́ Zuckerberg, ẹni tí ó ti ṣe ìríwísí nípa bí wọ́n ṣe fi hàn nínú sinimá náà, pé kí ni èrò rẹ̀ nípa sinimá náà. Zuckerberg fèsì pé, &quot;Ó dùn mọ́ni.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/social-media/jesse-eisenberg-meets-the-real-mark-zuckerberg-on-snl/ |title=Jesse Eisenberg meets the real Mark Zuckerberg on SNL |publisher=Digital Trends |date=January 31, 2011 |access-date=February 12, 2011 |archive-date=February 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210164515/https://www.digitaltrends.com/movies/jesse-eisenberg-meets-the-real-mark-zuckerberg-on-snl/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò kan tí ó tẹ̀lé e nípa ìpàdé wọn, Eisenberg ṣàlàyé pé òun &quot;bẹ̀rù láti pàdé rẹ̀, nítorí pé mo ti lo ọdún kan àti ààbọ̀ báyìí láti ronú nípa rẹ̀...&quot;. Ó fi kún un pé, &quot;Mark ti ní inúure nípa nǹkan tí ó le gan-an... Òtítọ́ pé yóò ṣe ''SNL'' tí yóò sì fi ipò náà ṣe àwàdà jẹ́ nǹkan dídùn àti ọ̀làwọ́. Òun ni ọ̀nà tí ó dára jùlọ láti kojú nǹkan tí, mo rò pé, ó lè le gan-an láti kojú.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.popsugar.com/Pictures-Jesse-Eisenberg-83rd-Annual-Academy-Awards-Nominees-Luncheon-13752458 &quot;Jesse Eisenberg Calls Mark Zuckerberg &quot;Sweet&quot; and &quot;Generous&quot; in His Funny Oscar Nominees Lunch Interview&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210014505/http://www.popsugar.com/Pictures-Jesse-Eisenberg-83rd-Annual-Academy-Awards-Nominees-Luncheon-13752458 |date=February 10, 2011 }} PopSugar, February 7, 2011&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.npr.org/blogs/monkeysee/2011/01/31/133345641/mark-zuckerberg-meets-jesse-eisenberg-on-the-saturday-night-live-stage &quot;Mark Zuckerberg Meets Jesse Eisenberg On The 'Saturday Night Live' Stage&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405011422/http://www.npr.org/blogs/monkeysee/2011/01/31/133345641/mark-zuckerberg-meets-jesse-eisenberg-on-the-saturday-night-live-stage |date=April 5, 2015 }} NPR, January 30, 2011&lt;/ref&gt;

====Àríyànjiyàn lórí ìpéye====
Gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[David Kirkpatrick (author)|David Kirkpatrick]], olóòtú ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ tẹ́lẹ̀ ní ìwé-ìròyìn ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]'' àti òǹkọ̀wé ''[[The Facebook Effect|The Facebook Effect: The Inside Story of the Company That Is Connecting the World]]'' (2011),&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.amazon.com/dp/1439102120 &quot;The Facebook Effect: The Inside Story of the Company That Is Connecting the World&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202164428/https://www.amazon.com/dp/1439102120 |date=December 2, 2017 }}, release date February 1, 2011&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;sinimá náà jẹ́ òtítọ́ ní ìdá 40 nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún péré... kò ṣe ẹlẹ́yà tàbí sọ̀rọ̀ àbùkù lọ́nà ìkà, bí wọ́n ṣe ṣe ẹ̀dá Zuckerberg nínú sinimá náà.&quot; Ó sọ pé &quot;ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ òtítọ́ ló péye, ṣùgbọ́n ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ni a ti yí padà, àti pé èrò lápapọ̀ jẹ́ irọ́&quot; ó sì parí ọ̀rọ̀ rẹ̀ pé &quot;àwọn ìwúrí rẹ̀ gan-an ni láti gbìyànjú láti mú ọ̀nà tuntun wá láti pín ìwífún lórí Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBCmovie&quot;&gt;Rohrer, Finlo. [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-11437873 &quot;Is the Facebook movie the truth about Mark Zuckerberg&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123002149/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-11437873|date=November 23, 2018}} BBC, September 30, 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé sinimá náà fi dídá Facebook Zuckerberg hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀nà láti gbé ipò rẹ̀ ga lẹ́yìn tí kò rí àyè wọlé sí èyíkéyìí nínú àwọn [[Officially unrecognized Harvard College social clubs|ẹgbẹ́ àṣekágbá]] (final clubs) tí ó lókìkí ní Harvard, Zuckerberg sọ pé òun kò ní ìfẹ́ kankan láti darapọ̀ mọ́ àwọn ẹgbẹ́ náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;NEWYORKER2010&quot; /&gt; Kirkpatrick gbà pé èrò tí sinimá náà fúnni jẹ́ &quot;irọ́&quot;. Karel Baloun, onímọ̀-ẹ̀rọ àgbà tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Facebook, ṣe àkíyèsí pé &quot;àwòrán Zuckerberg gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí kò mọ̀ nípa ìbáṣepọ̀ àwùjọ ti pọ̀ jù... Àròsọ ni...&quot;. Ó tún kọ̀ àṣìsọ sinimá náà pé &quot;yóò mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ da ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀&quot;.&lt;ref name=BBCmovie /&gt;

===Àwọn àfihàn mìíràn===
Zuckerberg fi ohùn ara rẹ̀ ṣe ẹ̀dá ara rẹ̀ nínú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ kan ti ''[[The Simpsons]]'' tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;[[Loan-a Lisa]]&quot;, èyí tí ó kọ́kọ́ jáde ní ọjọ́ kẹta Oṣù Kẹwàá, 2010. Nínú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà, [[Lisa Simpson]] àti ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀ Nelson pàdé Zuckerberg níbi àpéjọ àwọn oníṣòwò. Zuckerberg sọ fún Lisa pé kò nílò láti jáde ní ilé-ìwé gíga láti di ẹni tí ó ṣàṣeyọrí gidigidi, ó ń tọ́ka sí [[Bill Gates]] àti [[Richard Branson]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí àpẹẹrẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |access-date=September 22, 2010 |url=https://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/07/facebook_creator_mark_zuckerbe.html |title=Facebook Creator Mark Zuckerberg to Get Yellow on The Simpsons |magazine=New York |date=July 21, 2010 |archive-date=July 25, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725155006/http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/07/facebook_creator_mark_zuckerbe.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kẹsàn-án Oṣù Kẹwàá, 2010, ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' ṣe àwàdà pẹ̀lú Zuckerberg àti Facebook.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/TECH/social.media/10/11/snl.facebook.zuckerberg/index.html?hpt=T2 |title=Facebook, Zuckerberg spoofed on 'SNL' |first=Brandon |last=Griggs |publisher=CNN |date=October 11, 2010 |access-date=October 11, 2010 |archive-date=November 10, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110114609/http://www.cnn.com/2010/TECH/social.media/10/11/snl.facebook.zuckerberg/index.html?hpt=T2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Andy Samberg]] ló ṣe ẹ̀dá Zuckerberg. Wọ́n ròyìn pé inú Zuckerberg fúnra rẹ̀ dùn sí i, &quot;Mo rò pé èyí pani lẹ́rìn-ín.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |access-date=January 28, 2011 |url=https://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/10/mark_zuckerberg_liked_snls_fac.html |title=Mark Zuckerberg 'Liked' SNL's Facebook Skit |work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]] |date=October 12, 2010 |archive-date=October 15, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101015032903/http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/10/mark_zuckerberg_liked_snls_fac.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Stephen Colbert]] fún Zuckerberg ní &quot;Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Ìbẹ̀rù&quot; (Medal of Fear) níbi [[Rally to Restore Sanity and/or Fear]] ní ọjọ́ ọgbọ̀n Oṣù Kẹwàá, 2010, &quot;nítorí pé ó mọrírì àṣírí tirẹ̀ ju bí ó ṣe mọrírì tiyín lọ&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author1=Lerer, Lisa |author2=McMillan, Traci |name-list-style=amp |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-10-30/comedy-central-s-stewart-says-press-politicians-are-creating-extremism.html |title=Comedy Central's Stewart Says Press, Politicians Are Creating Extremism |date=October 30, 2010 |publisher=Bloomberg News|access-date=November 4, 2010 |archive-date=November 3, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101103161759/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-10-30/comedy-central-s-stewart-says-press-politicians-are-creating-extremism.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg fara hàn níbi òtéńté sinimá ìtàn-òtítọ́ ọdún 2013 ''[[Terms and Conditions May Apply]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=Nina Metz |department=Chicago Closeup |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/movies/ct-mov-0719-chicago-closeup-20130718,0,4941570.column |title=Terms and Conditions May Apply |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=July 18, 2013 |access-date=May 25, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140524171502/http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/movies/ct-mov-0719-chicago-closeup-20130718,0,4941570.column |archive-date=May 24, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://movies.nytimes.com/2013/07/12/movies/terms-and-conditions-may-apply-details-digital-age-loss-of-privacy.html|title='Terms and Conditions May Apply' Details Digital-Age Loss of Privacy|date=July 11, 2013|access-date=May 25, 2014|last1=Catsoulis|first1=Jeannette|archive-date=February 10, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210164515/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/12/movies/terms-and-conditions-may-apply-details-digital-age-loss-of-privacy.html|url-status=live}} (paid)&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Cullen |last=Hoback |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/sep/19/data-digital-identity-cullen-hoback |title=Our data is our digital identity – and we need to reclaim control &amp;#124; Technology |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=May 25, 2014 |date=September 19, 2013 |archive-date=January 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140121234335/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/sep/19/data-digital-identity-cullen-hoback |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ''[[South Park]]'' &quot;[[Franchise Prequel]]&quot; fi í ṣe yẹ̀yẹ́. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[CNET]] ṣe sọ, wọ́n fi í hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí &quot;onímọ̀ kọ̀m̀pútà oníjàgídíjàgan tí ń sọ àwọn ariwo àjèjì, tí ń ṣe àwọn àpẹẹrẹ kung fu àràmàǹdà tí ó sì ń yọjú níbikíbi tí ó bá fẹ́ ní ilé àwọn ènìyàn&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|access-date=April 2, 2018|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/mark-zuckerberg-savaged-by-south-park/|title=Mark Zuckerberg savaged by 'South Park'|publisher=CNET|date=October 12, 2017|archive-date=March 29, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180329071532/https://www.cnet.com/news/mark-zuckerberg-savaged-by-south-park/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Ìtọrẹ àti Chan Zuckerberg Initiative==
{{further|Chan Zuckerberg Initiative}}
[[File:Mark Zuckerberg in Prague 2013.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Zuckerberg àti ìyàwó rẹ̀ [[Priscilla Chan]] ní Oṣù Karùn-ún 2013|alt=Mark Zuckerberg àti ìyàwó rẹ̀ Priscilla Chan ń rìn lórí títì olókùúta ní Oṣù Karùn-ún 2013. Àwọn méjèèjì wọ sokoto jeans. Chan wọ aṣọ-ọrùn (scarf) àti aṣọ-àwọ̀lékè eléré-ìdárayá aláwọ̀ eérú. Zuckerberg wọ aṣọ-àwọ̀lékè oní-fìlà (hoodie) aláwọ̀ eérú dúdú. Àwọn méjèèjì ń wo inú kámẹ́rà, wọn kò rẹ́rìn-ín. ]]

Zuckerberg dá ìpìlẹ̀ [[Startup:Education]] sílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://secure.vnuemedia.com/hr/content_display/television/news/e3i386774579db7c203321dc871f916d867|work=The Hollywood Reporter|title=Mark Zuckerberg: 'The Social Network' is 'fun'|first=Philiana|last=Ng|date=September 24, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120915032857/https://secure.vnuemedia.com/hr/content_display/television/news/e3i386774579db7c203321dc871f916d867|archive-date=September 15, 2012|access-date=December 3, 2025|archivedate=September 15, 2012|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120915032857/https://secure.vnuemedia.com/hr/content_display/television/news/e3i386774579db7c203321dc871f916d867|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n ròyìn ní Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2010 pé ó ti tọrẹ $100&amp;nbsp;mílíọ̀nù ({{Inflation|index=US|value=100000000|start_year=2010|r=0|fmt=eq}}) fún [[Newark Public Schools]], ètò ilé-ìwé ìjọba ti [[Newark, New Jersey]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://education.newsweek.com/2010/11/23/can-mark-zuckerberg-s-money-save-newark-s-schools.html |work=Newsweek|title=Can Mark Zuckerberg's Money Save Newark's Schools?|date=November 23, 2010|first=Ryan|last=Tracy |url-status=dead|archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20101130072722/http%3A//education.newsweek.com/2010/11/23/can%2Dmark%2Dzuckerberg%2Ds%2Dmoney%2Dsave%2Dnewark%2Ds%2Dschools.html|archive-date=November 30, 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|access-date=September 23, 2010 |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/facebook-ceo-to-gift-100m-to-newark-schools/ |title=Facebook CEO to Gift $100M to Newark Schools |publisher=CBS News|date=September 22, 2010 |first=David |last=Reidel|archive-date=September 24, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100924080040/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/09/22/national/main6892301.shtml|url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn alárìíwísí ṣe àkíyèsí àkókò ìtọrẹ náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí èyí tí ó súnmọ́ ìgbà tí ''The Social Network'' jáde, èyí tí ó fi Zuckerberg hàn ní ìmọ́lẹ̀ tí kò dára.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://nymag.com/daily/intel/2010/09/mark_zuckerberg_to_give_100_mi.html|title=Mark Zuckerberg's Well-Timed $100 million Donation to Newark Public Schools |work=New York|date=September 22, 2010|access-date=September 28, 2010|archive-date=September 26, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100926110129/http://nymag.com/daily/intel/2010/09/mark_zuckerberg_to_give_100_mi.html|url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg fèsì sí àríwísí náà, ó sọ pé, &quot;Ohun tí ó kàn mí jùlọ pẹ̀lú àkókò sinimá náà ni pé, n kò fẹ́ kí ìròyìn nípa sinimá ''The Social Network'' dàpọ̀ mọ́ iṣẹ́-àkànṣe Newark. Mo ronú láti ṣe èyí ní ìkọ̀kọ̀ kí àwọn nǹkan méjèèjì le wà lọ́tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;forbes20100924&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |url=https://blogs.forbes.com/velocity/2010/09/24/zuckerberg-pressured-to-announce-100-million-donation-to-newark |title=Zuckerberg Pressured To Announce $100 million Donation To Newark |magazine=Forbes |date=September 24, 2010 |access-date=September 28, 2010 |first=Mike |last=Isaac |archive-date=September 26, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100926213130/http://blogs.forbes.com/velocity/2010/09/24/zuckerberg-pressured-to-announce-100-million-donation-to-newark/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Mayor Newark [[Cory Booker]] sọ pé òun àti Gómìnà New Jersey [[Chris Christie]] ló ní láti yí ẹgbẹ́ Zuckerberg lọ́kàn padà kí wọ́n má ṣe ìtọrẹ náà ní ìkọ̀kọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;forbes20100924&quot; /&gt; Owó náà jẹ́ èyí tí ó ṣòfò lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí oníròyìn Dale Russakoff ṣe sọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://finance.yahoo.com/news/mark-zuckerbergs-100-million-donation-155608055.html|title=Mark Zuckerberg's $100 million donation to Newark public schools failed miserably — here's where it went wrong|publisher=Yahoo! Finance|date=September 25, 2015 |access-date=October 24, 2020|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119220642/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/mark-zuckerbergs-100-million-donation-155608055.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/23/books/review/the-prize-by-dale-russakoff.html|title='The Prize,' by Dale Russakoff|first=Alex|last=Kotlowitz|date=August 19, 2015|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=February 11, 2017|archive-date=February 5, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205130408/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/23/books/review/the-prize-by-dale-russakoff.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní 2010, Zuckerberg, [[Bill Gates]], àti olùdókòwò [[Warren Buffett]] fọwọ́sí [[The Giving Pledge]], nínú èyí tí wọ́n sọ pé àwọn yóò tọrẹ ó kéré jù ìdajì ọrọ̀ wọn fún iṣẹ́-àánú bí àkókò ti ń lọ, wọ́n sì pe àwọn mìíràn láàárín àwọn olówó láti tọrẹ ìdá 50 nínú ọgọ́rùn-ún tàbí jù bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ nínú ọrọ̀ wọn fún iṣẹ́-àánú.&lt;ref&gt;* {{cite news |newspaper=[[The Mercury News|San Jose Mercury News]] |url=http://www.mercurynews.com/breaking-news/ci_16813123?nclick_check=1 |first=Sandra |last=Gonzales |title=Zuckerberg to donate wealth |date=December 8, 2010 |access-date=December 9, 2010 |archive-date=February 21, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221221306/http://www.mercurynews.com/breaking-news/ci_16813123?nclick_check=1 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-10870361 |title=US billionaires pledge 50% of their wealth to charity |date=August 4, 2010 |publisher=BBC |access-date=September 6, 2010 |archive-date=August 30, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100830170602/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-10870361 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite magazine |last=Moss |first=Rosabeth |url=http://www.businessweek.com/managing/content/dec2010/ca20101214_945792.htm |title=Four Strategic Generosity Lessons |magazine=Bloomberg Businessweek |date=December 14, 2010 |access-date=March 9, 2011 |archive-date=February 25, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225154751/http://www.businessweek.com/managing/content/dec2010/ca20101214_945792.htm |url-status=dead |archivedate=December 18, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218060753/http://www.businessweek.com/managing/content/dec2010/ca20101214_945792.htm |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Oṣù Kejìlá 2012, Zuckerberg àti ìyàwó rẹ̀ [[Priscilla Chan]] sọ pé nígbà ayé wọn, àwọn yóò fi ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ọrọ̀ wọn fún &quot;mímú agbára ènìyàn sunwọ̀n síi àti gbígbé ìdọ́gba lárugẹ&quot; ní ẹ̀mí The Giving Pledge.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.givingpledge.org/ The Giving Pledge] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231051705/https://www.givingpledge.org/ |date=December 31, 2017 }} website. Retrieved December 3, 2015&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://givingpledge.org/Pledger.aspx?id=314|title=Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan|publisher=The Giving Pledge|access-date=July 16, 2017|archive-date=August 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828231947/https://givingpledge.org/Pledger.aspx?id=314|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Oṣù Kejìlá 2013, Zuckerberg kéde ìtọrẹ ti 18 mílíọ̀nù ìpín Facebook fún [[Silicon Valley Community Foundation]], láti ṣe ní òpin oṣù náà—tí ó dá lórí iye Facebook nígbà náà, àwọn ìpín náà tó $990&amp;nbsp;mílíọ̀nù ní iye ({{Inflation|index=US|value=990000000|start_year=2013|r=0|fmt=eq}}). Nígbà tó yá ní oṣù yẹn, wọ́n mọ ìtọrẹ náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹ̀bùn iṣẹ́-àánú tí ó tóbi jùlọ tí ó wà nínú àkọsílẹ̀ fún ọdún yẹn.&lt;ref&gt;* {{cite web|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_24760678/facebooks-mark-zuckerberg-makes-1-billion-donation|title=Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg makes $1 billion donation|last=Bailey|first=Brandon|date=December 19, 2013|access-date=December 20, 2013|newspaper=[[The Mercury News]]|archive-date=December 20, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220023538/http://www.mercurynews.com/business/ci_24760678/facebooks-mark-zuckerberg-makes-1-billion-donation|url-status=live}}
* {{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/facebook/10528624/Mark-Zuckerberg-donates-1bn-to-charity.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/facebook/10528624/Mark-Zuckerberg-donates-1bn-to-charity.html |archive-date=January 10, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Mark Zuckerberg donates $1bn to charity|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=December 19, 2013|access-date=December 20, 2013|first=Matthew |last=Sparkes}}{{cbignore}}
* {{cite web|title=Zuckerberg's Other Billion-Dollar Idea: 2013's Biggest Charitable Gift|url=http://mashable.com/2014/01/02/zuckerberg-charitable-donation-2013|publisher=Mashable|access-date=January 3, 2014|first=Kurt|last=Wagner|date=January 3, 2014|archive-date=January 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104055100/http://mashable.com/2014/01/02/zuckerberg-charitable-donation-2013/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''[[The Chronicle of Philanthropy]]'' fi Zuckerberg àti ìyàwó rẹ̀ sí ipò kìíní nínú àtòjọ ọdọọdún ìwé-ìròyìn náà fún àwọn ará Amẹ́ríkà 50 tí wọ́n lawọ́ jùlọ fún ọdún 2013, lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n tọrẹ nǹkan bí $1&amp;nbsp;billion fún iṣẹ́-àánú ({{Inflation|index=US|value=1000000000|start_year=2013|r=0|fmt=eq}}).&lt;ref name=usa-today-biggest-giver&gt;{{cite news|newspaper=USA Today|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/02/10/zuckerberg-biggest-giver/5355871|title=Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg biggest giver in 2013|date=February 10, 2014|access-date=September 4, 2017|archive-date=December 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202164654/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/02/10/zuckerberg-biggest-giver/5355871/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Oṣù Kẹwàá 2014, Zuckerberg àti ìyàwó rẹ̀ tọrẹ $25&amp;nbsp;mílíọ̀nù ({{Inflation|index=US|value=25000000|start_year=2014|r=0|fmt=eq}}) láti bá [[Ebola virus disease|àrùn kòkòrò Ebola]] jà, pàápàá jùlọ [[West African Ebola virus epidemic|àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn kòkòrò Ebola ní Ìwọ̀orùn Áfíríkà]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2014/10/14/facebooks-mark-zuckerberg-and-priscilla-chan-donate-25-million-to-ebola-fight|title=Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg and wife Priscilla Chan donate $25 million to Ebola fight|last=Phillip|first=Abby|date=October 14, 2014|access-date=October 25, 2014|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|archive-date=October 20, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020112530/http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2014/10/14/facebooks-mark-zuckerberg-and-priscilla-chan-donate-25-million-to-ebola-fight/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/luisakroll/2014/10/14/mark-zuckerberg-is-giving-25-million-to-fight-ebola|title=Mark Zuckerberg Is Giving $25 Million To Fight Ebola|last=Kroll|first=Luisa|date=October 14, 2014|access-date=October 25, 2014|magazine=[[Forbes]]|archive-date=October 22, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022053126/http://www.forbes.com/sites/luisakroll/2014/10/14/mark-zuckerberg-is-giving-25-million-to-fight-ebola/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tọkọtaya náà fi $75&amp;nbsp;mílíọ̀nù ({{Inflation|index=US|value=75000000|start_year=2015|r=0|fmt=eq}}) fún ìpìlẹ̀ [[San Francisco General Hospital]] ní Oṣù Kejì 2015, èyí tí ó jẹ́ ìtọrẹ ẹnìkọ̀ọ̀kan tí ó tóbi jùlọ fún ilé-ìwòsàn ìjọba ní Amẹ́ríkà. Ilé-ìwòsàn náà bu ọlá fún wọn nípa títún orúkọ rẹ̀ sọ sí The Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center. Nígbà tí ó yá ní 2020, [[San Francisco Board of Supervisors]] ṣe òfin kan tí kò fi dandan múni, tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ ti gbogbo wọn, láti dẹ́bi fún títún orúkọ náà sọ, pẹ̀lú ìtọ́ka sí àwọn ìbẹ̀rù pé ilé-ìwòsàn ìjọba kò gbọ́dọ̀ jẹ́ orúkọ ẹni tí wọ́n fẹ̀sùn kan pèpéle ìbáṣepọ̀ ayélujára rẹ̀ pé ó &quot;ń fi ìlera gbogbo ènìyàn sínú ewu, ń tan ìwífún tí kò tọ́ kálẹ̀, àti rírú àṣírí&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;* {{Cite web|last=Botelho|first=Greg|date=February 7, 2015|title=Zuckerberg, wife give $75 million to San Francisco General Hospital|url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/02/07/tech/zuckerberg-hospital-donation/index.html|website=[[CNN Business]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203121935/https://www.cnn.com/2015/02/07/tech/zuckerberg-hospital-donation/index.html|archive-date=February 3, 2024|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite web|last=Schleifer|first=Theodore|date=December 15, 2020|title=Mark Zuckerberg gave $75 million to a San Francisco hospital. The city has condemned him anyway.|url=https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/12/3/22151273/mark-zuckerberg-general-hospital-san-francisco-naming-vote|website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419162358/https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/12/3/22151273/mark-zuckerberg-general-hospital-san-francisco-naming-vote|archive-date=April 19, 2024|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite web|last=Har|first=Janie|date=December 15, 2020|title=San Francisco board rebukes naming hospital for Facebook CEO|url=https://apnews.com/general-news-6bafe23177047b052c345a388ef322d3|publisher=[[Associated Press]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516050853/https://apnews.com/general-news-6bafe23177047b052c345a388ef322d3|archive-date=May 16, 2024|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kìíní Oṣù Kejìlá, 2015, tọkọtaya náà ṣèlérí láti gbé 99% ti àwọn ìpín Facebook wọn, tí wọ́n fojú bù sí $45&amp;nbsp;bílíọ̀nù nígbà náà ({{Inflation|index=US|value=45000000000|start_year=2015|r=0|fmt=eq}}), fún [[Chan Zuckerberg Initiative]] (CZI).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/02/technology/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-charity.html|title=Mark Zuckerberg Vows to Donate 99% of His Facebook Shares for Charity|date=December 1, 2015|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=February 11, 2017|archive-date=July 23, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723095124/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/02/technology/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-charity.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọn kò ní gbé owó náà lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n nígbà ayé wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC News 1 December 2015&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg to give away 99% of shares|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-34978249|date=December 1, 2015|publisher=BBC News|access-date=December 1, 2015|archive-date=December 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151202102144/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-34978249|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dípò dídá àjọ iṣẹ́-àánú sílẹ̀ láti tọrẹ iye àwọn ìpín náà fún, bí [[Bill Gates]], [[Warren Buffett]], [[Larry Page]], [[Sergey Brin]] àti àwọn bílíọ̀nà mìíràn ti ṣe, Zuckerberg àti Chan yan láti lo ètò [[limited liability company|ilé-iṣẹ́ tí gbèsè rẹ̀ ní òpin (LLC)]]. Àwọn oníròyìn àti àwọn ọ̀mọ̀wé kan ti sọ pé CZI ń ṣe [[philanthrocapitalism]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/john-cassidy/mark-zuckerberg-and-the-rise-of-philanthrocapitalism|title=Mark Zuckerberg and the Rise of Philanthrocapitalism|date=December 2, 2015|magazine=The New Yorker|access-date=March 16, 2020|archive-date=December 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222050800/https://www.newyorker.com/news/john-cassidy/mark-zuckerberg-and-the-rise-of-philanthrocapitalism|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/03/technology/zuckerbergs-philanthropy-uses-llc-for-more-control.html|title=Mark Zuckerberg's Philanthropy Uses L.L.C. for More Control|date=December 2, 2015|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=February 11, 2017|archive-date=January 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112114222/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/03/technology/zuckerbergs-philanthropy-uses-llc-for-more-control.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://econreview.berkeley.edu/the-merits-and-drawbacks-of-philanthrocapitalism/ |title=The Merits and Drawbacks of Philanthrocapitalism |publisher=Berkeley Economic Review |date=March 14, 2019 |access-date=March 25, 2020 |archive-date=March 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325030056/https://econreview.berkeley.edu/the-merits-and-drawbacks-of-philanthrocapitalism/ |url-status=live |archivedate=March 25, 2020 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325030056/https://econreview.berkeley.edu/the-merits-and-drawbacks-of-philanthrocapitalism/ |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní 2016, CZI fúnni ní $600&amp;nbsp;mílíọ̀nù ({{Inflation|index=US|value=600000000|start_year=2016|r=0|fmt=eq}}) láti dá àjọ iṣẹ́-àánú tí kò san owó-orí [[Chan Zuckerberg Biohub]] sílẹ̀, àyè ìwádìí alájùmọ̀ṣe ní [[Mission Bay, San Francisco|agbègbè Mission Bay]] ti San Francisco nítòsí [[University of California, San Francisco]], pẹ̀lú èrò láti mú ìbáṣepọ̀ àti àjùmọ̀ṣe dàgbà láàárín àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ní UCSF, [[University of California, Berkeley]], àti [[Stanford University]]. Ohun-ìní ìmọ̀ (Intellectual property) tí wọ́n bá ṣẹ̀dá yóò jẹ́ ti Biohub àti ilé-iṣẹ́ olùwádìí náà lápapọ̀. Yàtọ̀ sí àwọn ìpìlẹ̀ bíi [[Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation]], tí wọ́n ń ṣí gbogbo ìwádìí tí wọ́n sanwó fún sílẹ̀ fún àǹfààní àti lílò padà láìsí ìkálọ́wọ́kò láti ọwọ́ gbogbo ènìyàn, Biohub dá ẹ̀tọ́ náà dúró láti sọ ìwádìí èyíkéyìí tí ó bá sanwó fún di ti iṣòwò. Àwọn olùpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ yóò ní àyè láti jẹ́ kí àwọn àwárí wọn wà ní gbangba (open-source), pẹ̀lú àṣẹ láti ọ̀dọ̀ Biohub.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.czbiohub.org/competition/faq/ |title=Frequently Asked Questions – Chan Zuckerberg Biohub |work=Czbiohub.org |access-date=May 21, 2020 |archive-date=August 3, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803205233/https://www.czbiohub.org/competition/faq/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Maxmen |first1=Amy |title='Riskiest ideas' win $50 million from Chan Zuckerberg Biohub |url=https://archive.org/details/nature-uk_2017-02-16_542_7641/page/280 |journal=Nature |date=February 16, 2017 |volume=542 |issue=7641 |pages=280–281 |doi=10.1038/nature.2017.21440 |pmid=28202988 |bibcode=2017Natur.542..280M |doi-access=free  |issn=0028-0836 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/stephaniemlee/chan-zuckerberg-biohub-contract |title=Document Shows How Mark Zuckerberg's New Science Charity Will Handle IP |website=BuzzFeed News |date=November 1, 2016 |access-date=March 25, 2020 |archive-date=March 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325022553/https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/stephaniemlee/chan-zuckerberg-biohub-contract |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti mú àǹfààní sí ìwádìí ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì pọ̀ sí i àti láti gbé ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tí ó wà ní gbangba lárugẹ, CZ Biohub ń béèrè lọ́wọ́ àwọn olùwádìí àti àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì rẹ̀ láti tẹ àwọn iṣẹ́ tí wọ́n gbé wá àti àwọn dátà tí ó jọmọ wọn jáde lórí àwọn pèpéle [[preprint]] bíi [[bioRxiv]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal0719|last=Kaiser|first=Jocelyn|date=February 8, 2017|journal=Science|title=Chan Zuckerberg Biohub funds first crop of 47 investigators|doi=10.1126/science.aal0719 |access-date=March 3, 2022|archive-date=March 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304133040/https://www.science.org/content/article/chan-zuckerberg-biohub-funds-first-crop-47-investigators|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.czbiohub.org/competition/faq/ |publisher=Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Network |title= FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS: CHAN ZUCKERBERG BIOHUB INTERCAMPUS RESEARCH AWARDS |access-date= January 14, 2021 |archive-date= December 5, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201205222343/https://www.czbiohub.org/competition/faq/ |url-status= live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Lákòókò [[COVID-19 pandemic|àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19]], Zuckerberg kéde $25&amp;nbsp;mílíọ̀nù ({{Inflation|index=US|value=25000000|start_year=2020|r=0|fmt=eq}}) ní owó-ìrànwọ́ láti ṣe àtìlẹyìn fún iṣẹ́ ìròyìn agbègbè tí àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn náà kàn àti $75&amp;nbsp;mílíọ̀nù ({{Inflation|index=US|value=75000000|start_year=2020|r=0|fmt=eq}}) ní rírà ìpolówó-ọjà nínú àwọn ìwé-ìròyìn agbègbè láti ọwọ́ [[Facebook, Inc.]], níbi tí Facebook yóò ti polówó ara rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.axios.com/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-local-news-coronavirus-41b7e6ee-2a19-4d51-b05f-1ff3980d6948.html|title=Mark Zuckerberg: &quot;Local journalism is incredibly important&quot; to fighting coronavirus crisis|first=Mike|last=Allen|website=Axios|date=March 30, 2020 |access-date=October 24, 2020|archive-date=October 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028212333/https://www.axios.com/mark-zuckerberg-facebook-local-news-coronavirus-41b7e6ee-2a19-4d51-b05f-1ff3980d6948.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni==

=== Ìgbéyàwó àti àwọn ọmọ ===
[[File:Visita_de_Mark_Zuckerberg_a_Los_Pinos._(15150761882)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|Pẹ̀lú ìyàwó rẹ̀, [[Priscilla Chan]], ní 2014]]

Zuckerberg pàdé akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ [[Priscilla Chan]] níbi ayẹyẹ ẹgbẹ́ akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ kan ní ọdún kejì rẹ̀ ní Harvard. Wọ́n bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fẹ́ ara wọn ní 2003.&lt;ref name=&quot;forbes1&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |magazine=Forbes|first=Clare |last=O'Connor |title=Mark Zuckerberg's Wife Priscilla Chan: A New Brand of Billionaire Bride |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/clareoconnor/2012/05/20/mark-zuckerbergs-wife-priscilla-chan-a-new-brand-of-billionaire-bride/  |date=May 20, 2012 |access-date=May 21, 2012 |archive-date=May 22, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522082908/http://www.forbes.com/sites/clareoconnor/2012/05/20/mark-zuckerbergs-wife-priscilla-chan-a-new-brand-of-billionaire-bride/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2010, Chan, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ìmọ̀ ìṣègùn ní [[University of California, San Francisco]] nígbà náà,&lt;ref&gt;[http://medschool2.ucsf.edu/spotlights/white-coats-rainbow-students &quot;White Coats on a Rainbow of Students&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112205926/http://medschool2.ucsf.edu/spotlights/white-coats-rainbow-students |date=January 12, 2013 }}, ''Spotlight'', UCSF School of Medicine. Cf. Priscilla Chan, 23.&lt;/ref&gt; kó wọlé sínú ilé tí Zuckerberg yá ní [[Palo Alto, California]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.ecommercetimes.com/story/Zuckerberg-Goes-Searching-in-China-71499.html?wlc=1292882576|title=Zuckerberg Goes Searching in China|first=Rob|last=Spiegel |date=December 20, 2010|access-date=December 20, 2010|archive-date=December 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202160349/https://www.ecommercetimes.com/story/Zuckerberg-Goes-Searching-in-China-71499.html?wlc=1292882576 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |work=ChineseTime.cn |url=http://www.chinesetime.cn/learn/chinese/forum/tabid/119/forumid/-1/postid/4618/scope/posts/language/en-US/Default.aspx |title=Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg learn chinese every morning |date=September 29, 2010|access-date=November 7, 2010|archive-date=November 24, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124032855/http://www.chinesetime.cn/learn/chinese/forum/tabid/119/forumid/-1/postid/4618/scope/posts/language/en-US/Default.aspx|url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n ṣègbéyàwó ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún Oṣù Karùn-ún, 2012, ní àgbàlá ilé rẹ̀ ńlá nínú ayẹyẹ kan tí ó tún ṣe ayẹyẹ ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́gboyè Chan láti ilé-ìwé ìṣègùn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg marries Priscilla Chan |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/facebooks-mark-zuckerberg-marries-priscilla-chan/|access-date=May 20, 2012|publisher=CBS News|archive-date=August 13, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813135358/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501465_162-57437780-501465/facebooks-mark-zuckerberg-marries-priscilla-chan/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|first=Marcus|last=Wohlsen|title=Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg marries longtime girlfriend, Priscilla Chan: Palo Alto, Calif., ceremony caps busy week after company goes public|date=May 19, 2012|publisher=NBC News |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/47491836|access-date=May 20, 2012|archive-date=August 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806134643/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/47491836|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg sọ ní Oṣù Keje 2015 pé àwọn ń retí ọmọbìnrin kan àti pé Chan ti ní ìṣẹ́yún mẹ́ta tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-33743740|title=Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg to become a father |agency=BBC News |date=July 31, 2015 |access-date=August 1, 2015|archive-date=December 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202160223/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-33743740 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; A bí ọmọbìnrin àkọ́kọ́ wọn ní Oṣù Kejìlá 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2015/12/01/mark-zuckerberg-will-give-away-99-percent-of-his-facebook-stock/|title=Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan to give away 99 percent of their Facebook stock, worth $45 billion|first1=Todd C.|last1=Frankel|first2=Brian|last2=Fung|first3=Lyndsey|last3=Layton|access-date=October 24, 2020|newspaper=The Washington Post|archive-date=August 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816152434/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2015/12/01/mark-zuckerberg-will-give-away-99-percent-of-his-facebook-stock/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n kéde nínú fídíò [[Chinese New Year|Ọdún Tuntun China]] kan pé orúkọ Chinese ọmọbìnrin wọn ni Chen Mingyu ({{zh|陈明宇}}).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last1=Kell |first1=John |title=Mark Zuckerberg Reveals Daughter's Chinese Name |url=http://fortune.com/2016/02/08/facebook-zuckerberg-daughter/ |magazine=Fortune |access-date=February 29, 2016 |date=February 8, 2016 |quote=In a pretty adorable video shared by the tech executive over the weekend, Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan said their daughter Max's Chinese name is Chen Mingyu. |archive-date=March 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306071741/https://fortune.com/2016/02/08/facebook-zuckerberg-daughter/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; A bí ọmọbìnrin kejì wọn ní Oṣù Kẹjọ 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Mark Zuckerberg and his wife just unveiled their new baby girl to the world |date=August 28, 2017 |access-date=August 28, 2017 |url=http://www.foxnews.com/tech/mark-zuckerberg-and-his-wife-just-unveiled-their-new-baby-girl-to-the-world |agency=Fox News |archive-date=August 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828205359/http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2017/08/28/mark-zuckerberg-and-his-wife-just-unveiled-their-new-baby-girl-to-world.html |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg àti ìyàwó rẹ̀ bí ọmọbìnrin kẹta wọn ní Oṣù Kẹta 2023 wọ́n sì kéde ìròyìn náà lórí àwọn ojú-ewé ìbáṣepọ̀ ayélujára rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://people.com/parents/mark-zuckerberg-wife-priscilla-chan-welcome-third-baby-girl/|title=Mark Zuckerberg and Wife Priscilla Chan Welcome Baby No. 3, Daughter Aurelia: 'Little Blessing'|magazine=People|first=Georgia|last=Slater|date=March 24, 2023|access-date=March 24, 2023|archive-date=March 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324150910/https://people.com/parents/mark-zuckerberg-wife-priscilla-chan-welcome-third-baby-girl/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tọkọtaya náà tún ní [[Puli dog|ajá Puli]] kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Beast,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/meet-beast-zuckerberg-your-new-favorite-puli-dog-rug/|title=Meet Beast Zuckerberg, your new favorite dog rug|date=December 7, 2015|publisher=CBS News|access-date=May 9, 2019|archive-date=May 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509133833/https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/meet-beast-zuckerberg-your-new-favorite-puli-dog-rug/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí ó ní àwọn olùtẹ̀lé tí ó ju mílíọ̀nù méjì lọ lórí Facebook ní 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://money.cnn.com/2016/09/22/technology/mark-zuckerberg-dog-beast-baby/index.html|title=Mark Zuckerberg's dog Beast is 'moping' over new baby|last=King|first=Hope|date=September 22, 2016|publisher=CNN|access-date=May 9, 2019|archive-date=May 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509133834/https://money.cnn.com/2016/09/22/technology/mark-zuckerberg-dog-beast-baby/index.html|url-status=live|archivedate=May 9, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509133834/https://money.cnn.com/2016/09/22/technology/mark-zuckerberg-dog-beast-baby/index.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Zuckerberg gba ayàwòrán [[Daniel Arsham]] láti kọ́ ère ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ méje ti ìyàwó rẹ̀, èyí tí wọ́n ṣípayá ní 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx29e0w3gkvo|title=Mark Zuckerberg reveals 'Roman' statue of wife|date=August 14, 2024|work=BBC News|last=Faguy|first=Ana|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911191338/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx29e0w3gkvo|archive-date=September 11, 2024|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{As of|2025}}, ẹbí Zuckerberg ń gbé ní agbègbè ńlá kan ní Crescent Park ti Palo Alto. Ní Oṣù Kọkànlá 2025, ''[[Wired (magazine)|WIRED]]'' tẹ ìwádìí kan jáde lórí àwọn ẹ̀hónú láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn aládùúgbò nípa ilé-ìwé kan tí ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ lórí ilẹ̀ Zuckerberg láìsí ìwé-àṣẹ.&lt;ref name=&quot;wired-6nov2025&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Haskins |first1=Caroline |title=Mark Zuckerberg Opened an Illegal School at His Palo Alto Compound. His Neighbors Revolted |url=https://www.wired.com/story/mark-zuckerberg-school-palo-alto-shut-down/ |access-date=November 7, 2025 |work=[[Wired (magazine)|WIRED]] |date=November 6, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìgbàgbọ́ ẹ̀sìn àti àwọn ìfẹ́ mìíràn ===

A bí i a sì tọ́ ọ dàgbà nínú ilé Reform Jewish, Zuckerberg padà pe ara rẹ̀ ní aláìgbàgbọ́ (atheist). Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, ó sọ ní 2016 pé, &quot;Mo la àkókò kan kọjá níbi tí mo ti béèrè àwọn ìbéèrè nípa nǹkan, ṣùgbọ́n báyìí mo gbàgbọ́ pé ẹ̀sìn ṣe pàtàkì gan-an.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kirkpatrick&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Vara|first=Vauhini|date=November 28, 2007|title=Just How Much Do We Want to Share On Social Networks?|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB119621309736406034|access-date=December 30, 2016|archive-date=August 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813163154/http://online.wsj.com/public/article/SB119621309736406034.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Zauzmer|first=Julie|date=December 30, 2016|title=Mark Zuckerberg says he's no longer an atheist, believes 'religion is very important'|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/acts-of-faith/wp/2016/12/30/mark-zuckerberg-says-hes-no-longer-an-atheist-believes-religion-is-very-important|access-date=October 31, 2019|archive-date=October 31, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031081908/https://www.washingtonpost.com//news/acts-of-faith/wp/2016/12/30/mark-zuckerberg-says-hes-no-longer-an-atheist-believes-religion-is-very-important/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní 2017, òun àti ìyàwó rẹ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìrìn-àjò kan ní Amẹ́ríkà &quot;láti ṣàbẹ̀wò sí gbogbo ìpínlẹ̀ ní orílẹ̀-èdè náà àti láti kọ́ púpọ̀ sí i nípa apá díẹ̀ nínú àwọn ènìyàn tí ó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ tó bílíọ̀nù méjì tí wọ́n ń lo ìkànnì ìbáṣepọ̀ náà déédé&quot;. Ó pàdé àwọn àgbẹ̀ àti àwọn oníṣòwò, ó sì sọ̀rọ̀ ní [[Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church|Mother Emanuel]], níbi tí [[Charleston church shooting|ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìbon-pípa ti 2015]] ti wáyé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/25/technology/zuckerberg-harvard-commencement-road-trip.html|title=Mark Zuckerberg's great American road trip |newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 25, 2017|last=Isaac|first=Mike| access-date=July 18, 2022|archive-date=July 18, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718140815/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/25/technology/zuckerberg-harvard-commencement-road-trip.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/03/13/us/zuckerberg-mother-emanuel-church-trnd/index.html| title=Facebook's Zuckerberg visits Mother Emanuel AME Church|publisher=CNN|date=March 13, 2017|access-date=July 18, 2022| archive-date=July 18, 2022| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220718140815/https://www.cnn.com/2017/03/13/us/zuckerberg-mother-emanuel-church-trnd/index.html| url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní 2022, Zuckerberg bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nínú [[mixed martial arts]] (MMA) àti [[Brazilian jiu-jitsu]] (BJJ) méjèèjì, ó sì ti sọ nípa ìfẹ́ rẹ̀ fún àwọn eré-ìdárayá méjèèjì ní gbangba.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine | url=https://jitsmagazine.com/facebook-founder-mark-zuckerberg-reveals-love-for-bjj-and-mma/ | title=Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg reveals love for BJJ and MMA | date=August 30, 2022 | access-date=December 21, 2022 |magazine=Jits| archive-date=December 21, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221115951/https://jitsmagazine.com/facebook-founder-mark-zuckerberg-reveals-love-for-bjj-and-mma/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó díje nínú ìdíje BJJ ní ọjọ́ kẹfà Oṣù Karùn-ún, 2023, ó sì gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ fàdákà àti wúrà ní [[BJJ gi|gi]] àti no gi, níbi tí ó ti díje ní white belt.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last=Burne |first=Kathrine |title=Mark Zuckerberg competes in and wins BJJ tournament |url=https://jitsmagazine.com/mark-zuckerberg-competes-in-and-wins-bjj-tournament/ |magazine=Jits|date=May 7, 2023 |access-date=May 7, 2023 |archive-date=May 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507054821/https://jitsmagazine.com/mark-zuckerberg-competes-in-and-wins-bjj-tournament/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Oṣù Keje 2023, Dave Camarillo gbe e ga sí [[BJJ belt|blue belt]] ní Brazilian jiu-jitsu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last=Jones |first=Phil |title=Mark Zuckerberg promoted to BJJ blue belt |url=https://jitsmagazine.com/mark-zuckerberg-promoted-to-bjj-blue-belt/ |magazine=Jits |date=July 23, 2023 |access-date=July 23, 2023 |archive-date=July 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230723081939/https://jitsmagazine.com/mark-zuckerberg-promoted-to-bjj-blue-belt/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Oṣù mẹ́rin lẹ́yìn náà, Zuckerberg kéde pé òun ń múra láti ṣe ìṣàfihàn MMA àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ṣùgbọ́n ó ti ní [[anterior cruciate ligament injury|ìpalára anterior cruciate ligament]] nínú ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tí ó nílò iṣẹ́-abẹ èyí tí ó ti dá a dúró.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |last=Rogers |first=Kian |title=Mark Zuckerberg undergoes ACL surgery after injury in training for MMA debut |url=https://jitsmagazine.com/mark-zuckerberg-undergoes-acl-surgery-after-injury-in-training-for-mma-debut/ |magazine=Jits |date=November 4, 2023 |access-date=November 4, 2023 |archive-date=November 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231104093056/https://jitsmagazine.com/mark-zuckerberg-undergoes-acl-surgery-after-injury-in-training-for-mma-debut/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;


== Wo eléyìí náà ==
* [[Mark Zuckerberg book club]]

{{clear}}

==Àwọn àkíyèsí==
{{notelist}}

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{reflist}}

==Àwọn ìjápọ̀ ìta==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikinews category}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{Facebook}}
* {{IMDb name}}
* [https://www.forbes.com/profile/mark-zuckerberg/ Mark Zuckerberg]'s listing at ''[[Forbes]]''
* {{C-SPAN|9263745}}

{{Facebook navbox}}
{{Time Persons of the Year 2001–2025}}
{{Wealthiest people in the United States}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|Business|Internet|Technology|San Francisco Bay Area|California|United States}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zuckerberg, Mark}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí 1984]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn oníṣòwò Amẹ́ríkà ní ọ̀rúndún 21]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Júù Amẹ́ríkà ní ọ̀rúndún 21]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn oníṣẹ́-àánú Amẹ́ríkà ní ọ̀rúndún 21]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn bílíọ̀nà Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn alága ilé-iṣẹ́ Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olùkọ̀wé-kọ̀m̀pútà Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ ilé-iṣẹ́ Íńtánẹ́ẹ̀tì Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn aláṣẹ àgbà àjọ tí kìí ṣe fún èrè Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olùkópa Brazilian jiu-jitsu Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn aláṣẹ àgbà Amẹ́ríkà nínú ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn oníṣòwò láti New York (ìpínlẹ̀)]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn oníṣòwò láti Palo Alto, California]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Chan Zuckerberg Initiative]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olùdarí Meta Platforms]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ Facebook]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ àjọ-àánú]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olùwá-ìfàgùn-ẹ̀mí]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àṣà Nerd]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn láti Dobbs Ferry, New York]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn láti White Plains, New York]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn oníṣẹ́-àánú láti New York (ìpínlẹ̀)]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́gboyè Phillips Exeter Academy]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́gboyè Harvard University]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Ẹni ti Ọdún ti Time]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Olorí Ọ̀dọ̀ Àgbáyé ti World Economic Forum]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Ẹbí Zuckerberg|Mark]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn olùtajà ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ aládàáni]]</text>
      <sha1>tkfs3b9e3s7k551u052lig424eqp95m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>68293</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637819</id>
      <parentid>538096</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:43:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim</username>
        <id>31612</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>O da sile nipa sise ogbufo ipele &quot;__LEAD_SECTION__&quot; loju-ewe &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376187282|Pepper]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>637819</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1648" sha1="iciun4t41ltxlmgvt06ltex8oyov9qu" xml:space="preserve">'''Ata''' ni ohun èso tí a ká tí a sì fi pèsè yálà ohun jíjẹ bí [[Ọbẹ̀]] tàbí mímu mìíràn kí ó le ta lẹ́nu kí ó sì lè ṣe ànfàní fún ará. Pàá pàá jùlọ lásìkò òtútù tàbí ọ̀gìnìntìn. &lt;ref name=&quot;LDOCE&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=pepper - meaning of pepper in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English | website=LDOCE | url=https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Reid 2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Reid | first=Robert | title=The world’s most prized pepper? | website=BBC | date=2020-01-15 | url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200115-the-worlds-most-prized-pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Green Peppers.jpg|thumb|''Capsicum annuum'']]

==Oríṣi ata to wà==
*[[Ata rodo]]
*[[Ata ṣọ̀mbọ̀]]
*[[Ata gbígbẹ]]
*[[Ata ilẹ̀]]
*[[Ata Tàtàṣé]] 
*[[Tìmọ́ọ̀tì]] àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Onyeakagbu 2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Onyeakagbu | first=Adaobi | title=The different types of peppers we have in Nigeria | website=Pulse Nigeria | date=2019-09-06 | url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/the-different-types-of-peppers-we-have-in-nigeria/08fwmyn | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BM Al.&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=BM | first=Myers | last2=Al. | first2=Et | title=Effect of red pepper and black pepper on the stomach. | website=NCBI | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/3103424/ | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọ̀gbìn]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn jíjẹ]]

== __LEAD_SECTION__ ==
'''Ata leè tọ́ka sí''' :</text>
      <sha1>iciun4t41ltxlmgvt06ltex8oyov9qu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637821</id>
      <parentid>637819</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:45:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim</username>
        <id>31612</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>637821</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1594" sha1="ewku578876nebe3y9ddlva3quc39582" xml:space="preserve">'''Ata''' ni ohun èso tí a ká tí a sì fi pèsè yálà ohun jíjẹ bí [[Ọbẹ̀]] tàbí mímu mìíràn kí ó le ta lẹ́nu kí ó sì lè ṣe ànfàní fún ará. Pàá pàá jùlọ lásìkò òtútù tàbí ọ̀gìnìntìn. &lt;ref name=&quot;LDOCE&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=pepper - meaning of pepper in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English | website=LDOCE | url=https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Reid 2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Reid | first=Robert | title=The world’s most prized pepper? | website=BBC | date=2020-01-15 | url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200115-the-worlds-most-prized-pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Green Peppers.jpg|thumb|''Capsicum annuum'']]

==Oríṣi ata to wà==
*[[Ata rodo]]
*[[Ata ṣọ̀mbọ̀]]
*[[Ata gbígbẹ]]
*[[Ata ilẹ̀]]
*[[Ata Tàtàṣé]] 
*[[Tìmọ́ọ̀tì]] àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Onyeakagbu 2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Onyeakagbu | first=Adaobi | title=The different types of peppers we have in Nigeria | website=Pulse Nigeria | date=2019-09-06 | url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/the-different-types-of-peppers-we-have-in-nigeria/08fwmyn | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BM Al.&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=BM | first=Myers | last2=Al. | first2=Et | title=Effect of red pepper and black pepper on the stomach. | website=NCBI | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/3103424/ | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọ̀gbìn]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn jíjẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>ewku578876nebe3y9ddlva3quc39582</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637822</id>
      <parentid>637821</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:46:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim</username>
        <id>31612</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>637822</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1625" sha1="1h9rawq09g46bx8oexxcvgwu9akqrh1" xml:space="preserve">'''Ata''' ni ohun èso tí a ká tí a sì fi pèsè yálà ohun jíjẹ bí [[Ọbẹ̀]] tàbí mímu mìíràn kí ó le ta lẹ́nu kí ó sì lè ṣe ànfàní fún ará. Pàá pàá jùlọ lásìkò òtútù tàbí ọ̀gìnìntìn. &lt;ref name=&quot;LDOCE&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=pepper - meaning of pepper in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English | website=LDOCE | url=https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Reid 2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Reid | first=Robert | title=The world’s most prized pepper? | website=BBC | date=2020-01-15 | url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200115-the-worlds-most-prized-pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Green Peppers.jpg|thumb|''Capsicum annuum'']]

'''Ata leè tọ́ka sí''' :

==Oríṣi ata to wà==
*[[Ata rodo]]
*[[Ata ṣọ̀mbọ̀]]
*[[Ata gbígbẹ]]
*[[Ata ilẹ̀]]
*[[Ata Tàtàṣé]] 
*[[Tìmọ́ọ̀tì]] àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Onyeakagbu 2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Onyeakagbu | first=Adaobi | title=The different types of peppers we have in Nigeria | website=Pulse Nigeria | date=2019-09-06 | url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/the-different-types-of-peppers-we-have-in-nigeria/08fwmyn | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BM Al.&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=BM | first=Myers | last2=Al. | first2=Et | title=Effect of red pepper and black pepper on the stomach. | website=NCBI | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/3103424/ | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọ̀gbìn]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn jíjẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>1h9rawq09g46bx8oexxcvgwu9akqrh1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637823</id>
      <parentid>637822</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:46:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim</username>
        <id>31612</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Oríṣi ata fún oúnjẹ */</comment>
      <origin>637823</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1633" sha1="fj2pfhc5lpzcw7a26j0aajo3olmb50o" xml:space="preserve">'''Ata''' ni ohun èso tí a ká tí a sì fi pèsè yálà ohun jíjẹ bí [[Ọbẹ̀]] tàbí mímu mìíràn kí ó le ta lẹ́nu kí ó sì lè ṣe ànfàní fún ará. Pàá pàá jùlọ lásìkò òtútù tàbí ọ̀gìnìntìn. &lt;ref name=&quot;LDOCE&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=pepper - meaning of pepper in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English | website=LDOCE | url=https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Reid 2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Reid | first=Robert | title=The world’s most prized pepper? | website=BBC | date=2020-01-15 | url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200115-the-worlds-most-prized-pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Green Peppers.jpg|thumb|''Capsicum annuum'']]

'''Ata leè tọ́ka sí''' :

==Oríṣi ata fún oúnjẹ ==
*[[Ata rodo]]
*[[Ata ṣọ̀mbọ̀]]
*[[Ata gbígbẹ]]
*[[Ata ilẹ̀]]
*[[Ata Tàtàṣé]] 
*[[Tìmọ́ọ̀tì]] àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Onyeakagbu 2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Onyeakagbu | first=Adaobi | title=The different types of peppers we have in Nigeria | website=Pulse Nigeria | date=2019-09-06 | url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/the-different-types-of-peppers-we-have-in-nigeria/08fwmyn | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BM Al.&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=BM | first=Myers | last2=Al. | first2=Et | title=Effect of red pepper and black pepper on the stomach. | website=NCBI | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/3103424/ | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọ̀gbìn]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn jíjẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>fj2pfhc5lpzcw7a26j0aajo3olmb50o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637827</id>
      <parentid>637823</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:53:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim</username>
        <id>31612</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Oríṣi ata fún oúnjẹ */</comment>
      <origin>637827</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2430" sha1="4djpdxqyi9xybvd60qzn4fi8gh7d7ho" xml:space="preserve">'''Ata''' ni ohun èso tí a ká tí a sì fi pèsè yálà ohun jíjẹ bí [[Ọbẹ̀]] tàbí mímu mìíràn kí ó le ta lẹ́nu kí ó sì lè ṣe ànfàní fún ará. Pàá pàá jùlọ lásìkò òtútù tàbí ọ̀gìnìntìn. &lt;ref name=&quot;LDOCE&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=pepper - meaning of pepper in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English | website=LDOCE | url=https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Reid 2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Reid | first=Robert | title=The world’s most prized pepper? | website=BBC | date=2020-01-15 | url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20200115-the-worlds-most-prized-pepper | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Green Peppers.jpg|thumb|''Capsicum annuum'']]

'''Ata leè tọ́ka sí''' :

==Oríṣi ata fún oúnjẹ ==
*[[Ata rodo]]
*[[Ata ṣọ̀mbọ̀]]
*[[Ata gbígbẹ]]
*[[Ata ilẹ̀]]
*[[Ata Tàtàṣé]] 
*[[Tìmọ́ọ̀tì]] àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ. &lt;ref name=&quot;Onyeakagbu 2019&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Onyeakagbu | first=Adaobi | title=The different types of peppers we have in Nigeria | website=Pulse Nigeria | date=2019-09-06 | url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/the-different-types-of-peppers-we-have-in-nigeria/08fwmyn | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BM Al.&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=BM | first=Myers | last2=Al. | first2=Et | title=Effect of red pepper and black pepper on the stomach. | website=NCBI | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/3103424/ | access-date=2020-01-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Sì ẹgbẹ́ olórin ==
* [[Pepper (band)]], ẹgbẹ́ olórin kan tí wọ́n ń kó orin rock-reggae láti Hawaii 
* [[The Peppers]], ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ olórin ilẹ̀ faransé
* [[Pepper (orin)|&quot;Pepper&quot; (orin)]], tí ọdún 1996, láti ọwọ́o Butthole Surfers
* &quot;Pepper&quot;, Orin ohunèlò [[List of songs recorded by Linkin Park|song by Linkin Park]] from ''LP Underground 11''
* &quot;Pepper&quot;, orin kan láti owóo Death Cab fun Cutie láti inú àwo orin rẹ tí ọdún 2022 ''[[Asphalt Meadows]]''
* &quot;Peppers&quot;, orin kan láti owóo Lana Del Rey nínú àwọ Orin rè ''[[Did You Know That There's a Tunnel Under Ocean Blvd]]'' tí ọdún 2023 
* ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'' tí ó jẹ́ àgbélèroẹ̀dá-ìtàn pàtàkì àwọn ẹgbẹ́ olorin The Beatles.

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọ̀gbìn]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn jíjẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>4djpdxqyi9xybvd60qzn4fi8gh7d7ho</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cristiano Ronaldo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>68334</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637738</id>
      <parentid>607577</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:41:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637738</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="65021" sha1="2afkoz1hnwcbqamfgaivj34helf6bzm" xml:space="preserve">{{distinguish|Ronaldo (Agba boolu orile ede Brazil)}}
{{redirect|Cristiano|awon elo miiran|Cristiano (given name)|and|Cristiano (surname)}}
{{pp-protected|reason=Restore indef semi that applied before temporary full protection|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Cristiano Ronaldo&lt;!--Do not add order of merits per Template:Infobox person.--&gt;
| image =  
| image_size = 230
| caption = Ronaldo with [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]] at the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]]
| fullname = Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fifadata.com/documents/fcwc/2017/pdf/fcwc_2017_squadlists.pdf|title=FIFA Club World Cup UAE 2017: List of players: Real Madrid CF|publisher=FIFA|format=PDF|page=5|date=16 December 2017|access-date=23 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223004345/http://www.fifadata.com/documents/FCWC/2017/pdf/FCWC_2017_Squadlists.pdf|archive-date=23 December 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1985|2|5|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Funchal]], [[Madeira]], Portugal
| height = 1.87 m{{refn|group=note|The number varies between 1.85 and 1.89 by publisher. [[Yle]], ''[[Svenska Dagbladet]]'' and ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'' give 1.85,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://yle.fi/urheilu/3-8181601|title=Mitä Ronaldo touhuaa, eikö pituus riitä?|publisher=Yleisradio|website=yle.fi|language=Finnish|date=25 July 2015|access-date=22 July 2019|last=Naakka|first=Anna-Maija}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.svd.se/portugals-em-trupp|title=Portugals EM-trupp|website=SvD.se|language=Swedish|date=22 May 2008|access-date=24 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2017/08/16/cristiano-ronaldo-height-how-tall-real-madrid|title=How Tall is Cristiano Ronaldo?|first=Stanley|last=Kay|work=Sports Illustrated|date=16 August 2017|accessdate=13 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{ill|Luca Caioli|es||fi}} 1.86,{{sfn|Caioli|2016}} [[Sveriges Television]] 1.865,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.svt.se/sport/artikel/alskad-eller-hatad-cristiano-ronaldo|title=Älskad eller hatad – Cristiano Ronaldo|publisher=Sveriges Television|language=Swedish|date=23 May 2010|access-date=24 July 2019|last=Lundell|first=Johan}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[FIFA]] and [[EA Sports]] 1.87,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/players/player/201200/profile/|title=2018 FIFA World Cup Russia™ - Players - CRISTIANO RONALDO|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA)|website=FIFA.com|date=16 August 2017|accessdate=13 July 2019|archive-date=22 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722190952/https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/players/player/201200/profile/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.easports.com/fifa/ultimate-team/fut/database/player/20801/Cristiano%20Ronaldo|title=Cristiano Ronaldo {{!}} EA SPORTS FUT Database {{!}} FIFA Ultimate Team|work=Official website of EA Sports|accessdate=24 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; and [[Portuguese Football Federation]] 1.89.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fpf.pt/Jogadores/Cristiano-Ronaldo|title=Cristiano Ronaldo|publisher=Portuguese Football Federation (FPF)|accessdate=22 July 2019|language=Pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| position = [[Forward (association football)|Forward]]
| currentclub = [[Al-Nassr]]
| clubnumber = 7
| youthyears1 = 1992–1995
| youthclubs1 = [[CF Andorinha|Andorinha]]
| youthyears2 = 1995–1997
| youthclubs2 = [[C.D. Nacional|Nacional]]
| youthyears3 = 1997–2002
| youthclubs3 = [[Sporting CP Youth Academy|Sporting CP]]
| years1 = 2002–2003
| clubs1 = [[Sporting CP B]]
| caps1 = 2
| goals1 = 0
| years2 = 2002–2003
| clubs2 = [[Sporting CP]]
| caps2 = 25
| goals2 = 3
| years3 = 2003–2009
| clubs3 = [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]
| caps3 = 196
| goals3 = 84
| years4 = 2009–2018
| clubs4 = [[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]]
| caps4 = 292
| goals4 = 311
| clubs5 = [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]]
| years5 = 2018–2021
| caps5 = 48
| goals5 = 37
| clubs6 = [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]]
| years6 = 2021-2022
| caps6 = 54
| goals6 = 27
| clubs7 = [[Al-Nassr F.C.|Al-Nassr]]
| years7 = 2023-
| caps7 = 8
| goals7 = 8
| nationalyears1 = 2001
| nationalteam1 = Portugal U15
| nationalcaps1 = 9
| nationalgoals1 = 7
| nationalyears2 = 2001–2002
| nationalteam2 = [[Portugal national under-17 football team|Portugal U17]]
| nationalcaps2 = 7
| nationalgoals2 = 5
| nationalyears3 = 2003
| nationalteam3 = [[Portugal national under-20 football team|Portugal U20]]
| nationalcaps3 = 5
| nationalgoals3 = 1
| nationalyears4 = 2002–2003
| nationalteam4 = [[Portugal national under-21 football team|Portugal U21]]
| nationalcaps4 = 10
| nationalgoals4 = 3
| nationalyears5 = 2004
| nationalteam5 = [[Portugal Olympic football team|Portugal U23]]
| nationalcaps5 = 3
| nationalgoals5 = 2
| nationalyears6 = 2003–
| nationalteam6 = [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]]
| nationalcaps6 = 164
| nationalgoals6 = 99
| club-update = 13 march 2023
| nationalteam-update = 10 december 2022
| medaltemplates = {{MedalSport|Men's [[Association football|football]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{fb|POR}}}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[UEFA European Championship]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[UEFA Euro 2016|2016 France]]|}}
{{Medal|RU|[[UEFA Euro 2004|2004 Portugal]]|}}
{{Medal|3rd|[[UEFA Euro 2012|2012 Poland &amp; Ukraine]]|{{refn|group=note|Though there was no third place playoff, UEFA decided in the 2012 edition to award the semi-final losers (Germany and Portugal) bronze medals for the first time: [https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/competitions/euro/91/87/57/918757_download.pdf &quot;Regulations for UEFA Euro 2012&quot;]}}}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[UEFA Nations League]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[2019 UEFA Nations League Finals|2019 Portugal]]|}}
{{Medal|Competition|[[FIFA Confederations Cup]]}}
{{Medal|3rd|[[2017 FIFA Confederations Cup|2017 Russia]]|}}
}}'''Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro''', ti a mọ sí '''Cristiano Ronaldo,''' '''Ronaldo''' tàbí '''CR7''', (ti a bi ní Oṣu Kẹta Ọjọ Karun, Ọdun 1985) ní [[Funchal]], jẹ agbabọọlu si owo iwaju ati adari fun Orílẹ̀-èdè [[Pọ́rtúgàl|Pọtugali]] ati [[Al -Nassr FC]] .

CR7 je ọkan ninu awọn agba boolu ti o dara julọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ, ati wipe o ti gba opolopo ami eye kaakari ise agbaboolu ti o yan layo. Ninu awon ogunlogo ami aye yii ni ami eye Ballon d'or marun, ami eye UEFA Men's Player of the Year meta, European Golden shoes merin ati ami eye ti egbe FIFA  gbe fun fun agba boolu ti o dara julo ni gbogbo agbaye ni emarun. 

Ronaldo ni eniti o mi awon julo (140) ati pelu eniti ti o se iranwo julo fun mimi awon (42) ni idije Champions League, goolu merinla ati iranwo fun goolu mejo (8) ni idije European Championship, ati eniti o farahan julo ni gbigba boolu fun orile-de (223) o si tun je eniti o mi awon julo fun boolu orile-de ni gbogo agbaye.

Ronado ti gba ife eye merinlelogbon, ninu awon ife eye yi ni UEFA Champions league marun ati UEFA European Championship. Cristiano Ronaldo nikan ni agba boolu ti o mi awon ju ogorun lo (100) pelu orisi egbe agba boolu merin. Ronaldo ti kopa ninu ere ije boolu afesegba ti o ju 1,200 lo, o si ti mi awon ti o ju 900 lo fun egbe agba boolu ti orile-de ati kilobu, eyi ni o so Ronaldo di eniti ti o mi awon julo ninu iwe itan akole awon agbaboolu.

A bi Ronaldo ni Funchal, Madeira , o bere boolu gbigba ni Sporting Clube de Portugal ki o to darapo mon egbe agba boolu Manchester United ni ọdun 2003 . O je agba boolu ti o dangajiya ni egbe agba boolu manchester united nibi ti o ti gba ife eye Premier League meta lera, Champions league kan ati FIFA Club World Cup. O gba ami eye akoko re ti un se Ballon d'or ni omo odun metalelogun. Ni Odun 2009, Ronaldo je agba boolu ti o won julo ni agbaye nipa owo ti a fi ra lo si egbe agba boolu Real Madrid, owo ti o to €94 million (£80 million) ni egbe agba boolu Real Madrid fi ra ni odun nan.  Ni Madrid, o gba ọpọlọpọ awọn idije pẹlu ẹgbẹ Madrid, pẹlu iranlowo ti o se fun egbe agba boolu non lati gba ife eye Champions League merin lari odun 2014 - 2019. Ronaldo tun gba ife eye La Liga meji ati afikun pe egbe agba boolu Madrid ni ju points ogorun lo ni akoko igba boolu 2011-2012, o si tun je agba boolu ti o mi awon julo ni iwe itan egbe agba boolu Madrid. Ronaldo gba ami aye Ballon d'or ni odun 2013, 2014, 2016 ati 2017 ati igbakeji ni igba meta si Lionel Messi. Lẹhin aṣeyọri ikẹhin yii, o fi Real Madrid silẹ lati darapo mon egbe agba boolu Juventus Turin pelu owo ti o to €100 million nibi ti o ti gba ife eye serie A meji. Ni ọdun 2021 , o pada si egba agba boolu Manchester United ki o diwipe o darapo mon ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu SaudiAl-Nassr FC.

Ni yiyan, o jẹ oṣere ti o ni agbara julọ, agba agba ati ọkan ninu awọn oṣere ipinnu ni Ilu Pọtugali , eyiti o gba akọle kariaye akọkọ rẹ nipa lilu France ni ipari ti Euro 2016 lẹhinna Ajumọṣe Awọn Orilẹ-ede ni 2019 lodi si Netherlands. . Niwon 2003, o ti kopa ninu marun European Championships ati marun World Cup , ti eyi ti o jẹ akọkọ player ti o ti gba a ìlépa ni marun ti o yatọ itọsọna ti awọn Planetary idije.

Oṣere pipe ati wapọ, o ti ṣajọpọ awọn idije ati awọn igbasilẹ kọọkan ni ipari iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti o ju ogun ọdun lọ. Talenti rẹ ati igbesi aye gigun jẹ ki o jẹ ọkan ninu awọn oṣere ti o bọwọ julọ nipasẹ awọn alafojusi laibikita ihuwasi pipin rẹ. Gẹgẹbi ọkan ninu awọn elere idaraya olokiki julọ, o ti jẹ orukọ ere idaraya ti o ga julọ ni agbaye ni ọpọlọpọ igba nipasẹ iwe irohin ''Forbes'' , ni pataki ọpẹ si awọn adehun ipolowo ati awọn idasile iṣowo ni orukọ rẹ. Ni ọdun 2014, Iwe irohin ''Time'' wa ninu atokọ rẹ ti awọn eniyan ti o ni ipa julọ julọ ni agbaye. O tun jẹ eniyan ti o tẹle julọ lori nẹtiwọọki awujọ Instagram , pẹlu awọn alabapin miliọnu 513.[[Fáìlì:Cristiano_Ronaldo_Portugal.jpg|thumb|Cristiano Ronaldo]]

== Igbesiaye ==
Ronaldo wa lati idile talaka ni Madeiran , Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro  jẹ ọmọ Maria Dolores dos Santos ati José Dinis Aveiro. O si a bi loriOṣu Kẹta Ọjọ 5, Ọdun 1985ni Santo António , agbegbe ti Funchal lori erekusu Madeira  . O jẹ ibimọ laipẹ, ṣugbọn ọmọ naa n ṣe daradara. Orukọ akọkọ rẹ Cristiano ni o yan nipasẹ iya rẹ, ati orukọ arin rẹ, Ronaldo, ni a fun ni nipasẹ awọn obi rẹ ni itọkasi Aare Amẹrika nigbanaa Ronald Reagan , ẹniti baba rẹ yìn bi oṣere  .

O ni arakunrin agbalagba (Hugo) ati awọn arabinrin agbalagba meji (Elma ati Cátia Lilian, oludije ti ''Dança com bi Estrelas 2015''  ). Iya-nla rẹ, Isabel da Piedade, jẹ Cape Verdean . Baba rẹ ni ipa nipasẹ alainiṣẹ ati ọti-lile. Ní ti ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ̀ ńlá Hugo, oògùn olóró ti di bárakú rẹ̀ gan-an. Ni kete ti Cristiano ni ọna inawo lati ṣe iranlọwọ fun ẹbi rẹ, o ṣe bẹ: o ṣe iranlọwọ ni pataki fun arakunrin rẹ lati jade ninu oogun, ra ile kan ti o wa ni Madeira fun iya rẹ. Síbẹ̀síbẹ̀, bàbá rẹ̀ máa ń kọ̀ láti ràn án lọ́wọ́, èyí tí ó ní ẹ̀bùn ìbínú Cristiano, tí ó sábà máa ń fèsì pé: “Kí ni àǹfààní níní owó tó pọ̀ tó bẹ́ẹ̀? &quot;. Baba rẹ jẹ onigberaga ati onigberaga eniyan, ko fẹ ki ẹnikẹni ṣe iranlọwọ fun u ati paapaa kere si lati ṣãnu fun u. O jẹ lati ọdọ baba rẹ pe Cristiano di aibikita yii si ọna iṣẹ &lt;sup&gt;[ref. dandan]&lt;/sup&gt; .

Baba rẹ, José Dinis Aveiro, ku loriOṣu Kẹsan Ọjọ 7, Ọdun 2005ni Ilu Lọndọnu ti o tẹle tumọ ẹdọ ti o mu ọti-lile. Yoo jẹ fun idi eyi ti Cristiano Ronaldo ko mu oti  .

NinuOṣu Kẹjọ ọdun 2005, Awọn ọlọpa mu Cristiano Ronaldo ti wọn si gbọ, nitori pe oun ati alabaṣiṣẹpọ kan ni wọn fi ẹsun ifipabanilopo nipasẹ awọn ọmọbirin meji. Ẹjọ naa yoo wa ni pipade laipẹ lẹhin igbati ọkan ninu awọn ọmọbirin mejeeji yoo yọ ẹdun rẹ kuro  .

Pẹlu iranlọwọ ti ọkan ninu awọn arabinrin rẹ, o ṣii ile itaja aṣọ kan ti a npè ni CR7, orukọ apeso rẹ (ti a ṣẹda lati awọn ibẹrẹ rẹ ati nọmba aso aṣọ rẹ)  . Meji lo wa: ọkan ni [[Lisbon]] ati ekeji ni Madeira.

Ronaldo nigbagbogbo ṣe apejuwe ara rẹ gẹgẹbi oloootitọ, ikorira lati padanu ati olotitọ ni ọrẹ. Lakoko akoko Madrid rẹ , o ngbe ni agbegbe ibugbe ti La Finca ni Madrid , agbegbe ọlọrọ ti o wa ni ipamọ fun awọn elere idaraya ati nibiti ọpọlọpọ awọn ẹlẹgbẹ rẹ ngbe.

O si di awọnOṣu Kẹfa Ọjọ 17, Ọdun 2010, baba kekere Cristiano Junior, fun ẹniti yoo ti san iya 12 milionu awọn owo ilẹ yuroopu lati ṣe idaduro itimole nikan, ti o fi pamọ orukọ ti igbehin. O jẹ fun ọmọ rẹ pe o ṣe iyasọtọ ibi-afẹde rẹ si Netherlands ni Euro 2012 ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 17, Ọdun 2012.

Ni ipo ifẹ rẹ, Cristiano Ronaldo dated awọn awoṣe Merche Romero ni  '''2006''' ati Nereida Gallardo ni 2008. Ni 2009, o tun ni ibatan kukuru pẹlu olokiki Paris Hilton  . O si ti ifowosi ni a ibasepọ pẹlu Russian supermodel Irina Shayk niwonOṣu Karun ọdun 2010. Wọn breakup ti wa ni timo niOṣu Kẹta ọdun 2015lẹhin ọdun marun jọ  .

Lakoko iṣẹ rẹ, ni ita tabi lori aaye, Cristiano Ronaldo tun jẹ accomplice pẹlu Wayne Rooney ati Anderson ni Manchester &lt;sup&gt;[ &lt;abbr&gt;ref.&lt;/abbr&gt;  fẹ]&lt;/sup&gt; . Ni Madrid , o mọ pe o jẹ ọrẹ to dara pẹlu Marcelo , Fábio Coentrão , Karim Benzema , Pepe ati Sergio Ramos  . O tun ti di ọrẹ pẹlu aṣoju rẹ Jorge Mendes ti o ti n ṣakoso awọn igbero gbigbe rẹ ati apo-iṣẹ rẹ niwon 2002. Ni ita ti bọọlu afẹsẹgba, Portuguese ṣe awọn ejika pẹlu &lt;sup&gt;[evasive]&lt;/sup&gt;olokiki Dutch-Moroccan tapa-afẹṣẹja Badr Hari  .

Ni igbehinOṣu Kẹrin ọdun 2013, o di ọmọ &lt;sup&gt;ẹgbẹ&lt;/sup&gt; 100,000th ti ẹgbẹ ayanfẹ rẹ, Sporting Clube de Portugal  .

Lati opin 2015, Cristiano Ronaldo ti n rin irin-ajo lọ si Morocco ni ọpọlọpọ igba ni ọsẹ kan  , fun eyiti o jẹ ẹsun nipasẹ Aare Ologba Florentino Pérez ati olukọni Zinédine Zidane  .

NinuOṣu Keje ọdun 2017, Cristiano Ronaldo ṣe afihan fọto kan &lt;sup&gt;[ibaraẹnisọrọ ibaramu]&lt;/sup&gt; pẹlu awọn ibeji Eva ati Mateo ti a bi si iya iya  .

LatiOṣu kejila ọdun 2016, o wa ni ibasepọ pẹlu Georgina Rodríguez  , lakoko awọn isinmi rẹ ni Ibiza, o ṣe afihan ikun ti o yika ti o nfihan oyun akọkọ rẹ  . O bimọ loriOṣu kọkanla ọjọ 12, Ọdun 2017ti ọmọbirin kan ti a npè ni Alana, Cristiano Ronaldo bayi di baba fun igba kẹrin  .

THEOṣu Kẹsan Ọjọ 27, Ọdun 2018, Kathryn Mayorga faili ẹdun lodi si ẹrọ orin fun ifipabanilopo eyi ti o titẹnumọ mu ibi loriOṣu Kẹfa Ọjọ 13, Ọdun 2009, ni a keta ni Las Vegas  . Juventus ṣe adehun atilẹyin wọn fun ẹrọ orin bi awọn onigbowo Nike ati EA Sports sọ nipa ipo “ipọnju”  .

O ra ni Lisbon ni 2021, iyẹwu igbadun kan &lt;sup&gt;[ibaraẹnisọrọ ibaramu]&lt;/sup&gt; fun diẹ sii ju 7 milionu awọn owo ilẹ yuroopu  .

== Ologba ọmọ ==

=== junior dajudaju ===
Ti o wa lati idile ti awọn ọmọde mẹrin, Cristiano Ronaldo jẹ alatilẹyin ti Benfica Lisbon lakoko igba ewe rẹ o si lo ọpọlọpọ igba ti o ṣe bọọlu afẹsẹgba ni agbegbe rẹ ti Santo Antonio ni Funchal, ni erekusu Madeira. &quot;O jade lọ lati ṣe bọọlu afẹsẹgba ati pe ko wa si ile titi di aago 9 aṣalẹ,&quot; iya rẹ sọ ni iwe-ipamọ kan  . Arakunrin ibatan rẹ gba ọ niyanju lati ṣere ni ẹgbẹ kan, o si bẹrẹ ni ọmọ ọdun mẹjọ ni agba FC Andorinha, nibiti baba rẹ ti ṣiṣẹ bi oluṣakoso  . O darapọ mọ ile-iṣẹ ikẹkọ ẹgbẹ, ṣugbọn pari ni didapọ mọ Clube Desportivo Nacional ni ọdun 1995.nibiti o ti wa fun akoko kan ṣaaju ki o to gbe siwaju fun 450,000  &lt;abbr&gt;escudos&lt;/abbr&gt; (nipa awọn owo ilẹ yuroopu 2,200) si Sporting Clube de Portugal lẹhin wiwa aṣeyọri rẹ  . Ni ọdun 2007  , CDN sọ ogba ẹgbẹ naa ni ''Cristiano Ronaldo Campus Futebol'' fun ọlá fun akoko rẹ ni ọgba  .

O darapọ mọ ile-iṣẹ ikẹkọ Alcochete ni ọjọ-ori 11  ati nitorinaa lo awọn akoko mẹfa ni ẹgbẹ kekere ti Sporting Club ti Ilu Pọtugali.

=== Club Sporting de Portugal (1997-2003) ===
Ni ọjọ ori 11, Cristiano Ronaldo de Lisbon , ti o ti ṣe akiyesi nipasẹ Sporting Clube de Portugal . O ṣe awari aṣeyọri nibẹ ati pe o gba iṣẹ nipasẹ ẹgbẹ “A ṣeto ere idanwo ati ni kete ti idije naa bẹrẹ, Ronaldo ni bọọlu. Oun yoo kọja awọn oṣere meji, awọn oṣere mẹta, Osvaldo Silva ati Emi sọ fun ara wa pe: o ni nkankan iyalẹnu gaan.wí pé Paulo Cardoso, rẹ akọkọ ẹlẹsin ni Sporting. Awọn iṣe ere-idaraya rẹ dara julọ lẹhinna, ṣugbọn ihuwasi rẹ di iṣoro, ko ni anfani lati gbe laaye jinna si idile rẹ ati erekusu abinibi rẹ. Oun yoo lọ debi lati ju aga si ọkan ninu awọn ọjọgbọn rẹ, ti o ṣe ẹlẹya si ọrọ-ọrọ Madeiran rẹ ati ipo inawo idile rẹ.  dara si nigbamii nigbati iya rẹ fi iṣẹ rẹ silẹ gẹgẹbi onjẹ ni Madeira  gbe pẹlu rẹ 

Lẹhinna o ṣere fun gbogbo awọn ẹka ọjọ-ori ti ẹgbẹ naa. Ṣeun si didara ere rẹ, o ṣere nigbagbogbo lodi si awọn oṣere kan tabi ọdun meji ti o dagba ju u lọ. Ni ọdun mẹdogun, nitori iṣoro ọkan, o ṣe abẹ-abẹ ọkan, eyiti ko ṣe idiwọ fun u lati yara pada si aaye  . O jẹ ni mẹrindilogun pe o ti rii nipasẹ László Bölöni , ni akoko ẹlẹsin ti egbe akọkọ ti Sporting Clube de Portugal, ti o jẹ ki o ṣe awọn ere-kere diẹ pẹlu ẹgbẹ ọjọgbọn  . Lati igbanna lọ, o nifẹ si [[Liverpool]] ti o rii i ni idije kariaye kan, Mondial des Minimes de Montaigu (Vendee), ṣugbọn Ologba tun rii pe o kere ju. O tun fa ifojusi ti Lyon ṣugbọn ile-iṣẹ Faranse kọ iyipada ti o ṣeeṣe pẹlu Tony Vairelles  .

O si ṣe rẹ Uncomfortable ni Portuguese liigi loriOṣu Kẹsan Ọjọ 29, Ọdun 2002pẹlu Sporting Clube de Portugal ni mẹtadilogun lodi si Moreirense ni a baramu ibi ti o gba wọle lemeji. Lakoko akoko 2002-2003, o ṣe awọn ere-kere 25 o si gba awọn ibi-afẹde Ajumọṣe mẹta wọle. O tun gba awọn ibi-afẹde meji wọle ni awọn ere Idije Ilu Pọtugali mẹta ati pe o ṣe akọkọ Champions League rẹ si Inter Milan . Ẹrọ orin pipe ati wapọ, o ni anfani lati ṣere ni gbogbo awọn ipo aarin, o si ṣe iwunilori pẹlu awọn agbara imọ-ẹrọ rẹ. László Bölöni sọ nípa rẹ̀ pé: “Ọlọ́run rere ló fún un ní ohun gbogbo. Ti o ba mọ bi o ṣe le wa ni iwọntunwọnsi bii Luís Figo , o le di oṣere Portuguese ti o tobi julọ ni gbogbo igba”  . Ọdọmọde Lusitanian mu ojuAC MilanJorge Mendesṣe afihansiFC Barcelona, ​​ṣugbọn Ologba Catalan rii idiyele gbigbe rẹ ga ju . Lakoko ifilọlẹ ere idaraya tuntun tiSporting,papa iṣere José Alvalade XXI, ẹgbẹ rẹ dojukọManchester United, nibiti Cristiano ṣe ere-idaraya iyalẹnu ti yoo yi iṣẹ rẹ pada…

=== Manchester United (2003-2009) ===

==== 2003-2006: Ireti ọdọ ni England ====
Ọjọ iwaju Cristiano Ronaldo yipada ni ọdun 18Oṣu Kẹjọ Ọjọ 6, Ọdun 2003, lakoko ifilọlẹ ti papa iṣere Alvalade XXI . Bi Idaraya ṣe gbalejo Manchester United , Cristiano Ronaldo gbe ere nla kan ati Idaraya gba 3-1. Ni ọna pada, awọn ẹrọ orin Manchester nikan sọrọ nipa rẹ ati beere Alex Ferguson lati gba a ṣiṣẹ  . THEOṣu Kẹjọ Ọjọ 12, Ọdun 2003, Cristiano Ronaldo wole pẹlu Manchester United fun 15 milionu awọn owo ilẹ yuroopu. O beere lati lo nọmba 28, kanna ti o wọ ni Sporting ni ọdun ti tẹlẹ, ṣugbọn Ferguson fun u ni &lt;abbr&gt;ko si &lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; Ologba  ti o wọ nipasẹ awọn ẹrọ orin ti o ti kọ itan-akọọlẹ ẹgbẹ bi Bobby Charlton , George Best , Eric Cantona ati David Beckham  . O jẹ lẹhinna pe o gba orukọ apeso rẹ &quot;CR7&quot;.

CR7 ni aso Manchester United ni ọdun 2006.

O bẹrẹ akọkọ rẹ si Bolton ni Premier League . O fa ijiya kan nibẹ o si duro jade fun awọn idari imọ-ẹrọ rẹ  . Ronaldo lẹhinna gba ami ayo akọkọ rẹ gba fun Manchester United ni Premier League lodi si Portsmouth lati bọọlu ọfẹ ni Oṣu kọkanla ọdun 2003  . Lẹhinna o gba wọle lodi si Ilu Manchester City pẹlu volley kan ati Tottenham pẹlu ibọn kan lati 25 yards  . O tun gba wọle ni ipari FA Cuplodi si Millwall, o ṣii igbelewọn pẹlu akọsori kan ati pe o gba idije akọkọ rẹ pẹlu Manchester United lẹhin iṣẹgun 3-0 wọn  . Ni apapọ, o ṣe awọn ere-kere 40 ninu eyiti o gba awọn ibi-afẹde 6 wọle.

Ni akoko atẹle, Cristiano Ronaldo ṣii ibi-afẹde rẹ si Birmingham . O gba awọn ibi-afẹde diẹ sii ni akoko yii o si gba akoko ere, o bẹrẹ si fi ara rẹ bi akọbẹrẹ laarin ẹgbẹ laibikita awọn iṣoro diẹ ni ipele apapọ. Nitori ilana rẹ ati ọjọ ori rẹ, o gba ireti nla fun ẹgbẹ naa. O gba ibi-afẹde akọkọ rẹ wọle ni Champions League ni awọn iṣaju ti akoko 2005-2006 lodi si ẹgbẹ Hungarian ti Debrecen.

THEOṣu Kẹta Ọjọ 26, Ọdun 2006, o gba ibi-afẹde ikẹhin ti iṣẹgun nla ti ẹgbẹ rẹ (4-0) lodi si Wigan ni ipari Carling Cup , &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ibi-afẹde&lt;/sup&gt; 25th&lt;/abbr&gt; rẹ  ni awọn awọ ẹgbẹ. Cristiano Ronaldo yoo tun gba kaadi ofeefee kan fun yiyọ kuro seeti rẹ lakoko ayẹyẹ rẹ  .

Ni akoko yii, o gba ọpọlọpọ awọn ilọpo meji ni liigi nibiti o ti gba awọn ibi-afẹde 9 wọle. O gba awọn ibi-afẹde 12 wọle ni awọn ere 47 o ṣe iranlọwọ 8.

==== 2006-2007: bugbamu ====
Pada ni [[Ilẹ̀gẹ̀ẹ́sì|England]] lẹhin 2006 World Cup ni Germany , Cristiano ni ariwo ati ẹgan nipasẹ awọn ara ilu Gẹẹsi ti o tẹle ibalopọ pẹlu Wayne Rooney lakoko idije Agbaye ni England - Portugal, ati awọn agbasọ ọrọ ti gbigbe si Real Madrid tabi FC Barcelona han  . Yoo yara yi ọkan eniyan pada. Lati ibẹrẹ akoko, Cristiano ṣe pataki pupọ laarin ẹgbẹ: o jẹ didasilẹ, apapọ ati agbara diẹ sii. O jẹ oṣere ti oṣu fun Oṣu kọkanla ati Oṣu kejila, di oṣere kẹta ni itan-akọọlẹ Premier League lati jẹ bẹ fun oṣu meji ni itẹlera.

O gba ọpọlọpọ awọn ibi-afẹde diẹ sii ati lapapọ 17 ni Premier League, pẹlu awọn iranlọwọ 14, eyiti o fun u ni akọle ti oṣere ọdọ ti o dara julọ ati oṣere ti o dara julọ ni aṣaju [41], [42], eyiti  .

O tun jẹ lakoko akoko yii pe o farahan diẹ sii ni Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija  : o gba ilọpo meji rẹ akọkọ nibẹ lodi si AS Roma , nigba Red Devils '7-1 gun lori awọn Italians. Lodi si AC Milan , o tàn ati ki o ṣi awọn igbelewọn ni 3-2 gun ni Old Trafford, sugbon o wà bi awọn iyokù ti egbe re ainiagbara ninu awọn 3-0 ijatil ni San Siro . Awọn ara Milan yoo bori idije naa nikẹhin.

Gẹgẹbi ọpọlọpọ awọn alafojusi, o jẹ lakoko akoko yii pe ilowosi rẹ si ere Mancunia jẹ pataki julọ. Lootọ, ni afikun si nọmba nla ti awọn iranlọwọ, ere ti Ilu Pọtugali, ti o da lori ọpọlọpọ awọn dribbles ati imọ-ẹrọ pupọ, jẹ iyalẹnu diẹ sii. Ti gbekalẹ bi oludije to ṣe pataki fun Bọọlu Bọọlu afẹsẹgba Faranse, nikẹhin ati ọgbọn ti pari keji pẹlu awọn aaye 277 lẹhin Kaká [[Brasil|Brazil]] (awọn aaye 444) ati niwaju Argentine Lionel Messi (kẹta pẹlu awọn aaye 255)  .

==== 2007-2008: Si ọna Golden Ball ====
Cristiano Ronaldo pẹlu ẹlẹgbẹ ẹlẹgbẹ Carlos Tévez lakoko ere Manchester United kan .

Ni Ajumọṣe Ajumọṣe , Cristiano ṣe afihan pe o ni agbara diẹ sii ati ipari ti o dara julọ nipa di agbaboolu ti Ajumọṣe. O ṣaṣeyọri kanna ni Ajumọṣe Awọn aṣaju-ija nibiti o ti gba awọn ibi-afẹde marun ni awọn ere ẹgbẹ marun, pẹlu meji si ẹgbẹ obi rẹ Sporting Lisbon . O tun tọrọ gafara fun gbogbo eniyan ni ẹsẹ akọkọ lẹhin ti o ti gba wọle.

Ni January 2008, o fa adehun rẹ ni Manchester United titi di Okudu 2012, fifi - fun igba diẹ - si opin si akiyesi nipa gbigbe ti o ṣee ṣe si Real Madrid ti o ṣetan lati ṣabọ 90 milionu awọn owo ilẹ yuroopu  . O gba owo-oṣu ọdọọdun ti awọn owo ilẹ yuroopu mẹsan mẹsan, ti o di oṣere ti o san ga julọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ Ologba niwaju ẹlẹgbẹ ẹlẹgbẹ rẹ Rio Ferdinand  .

Idaji keji ti akoko naa ṣe ileri lati jẹ idaniloju. Ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 12, Ọdun 2008, o gba ijanilaya ijanilaya akọkọ rẹ fun Manchester United lodi si Newcastle United . Scorer lodi si Lyon ni awọn yika ti 16 ti awọn aṣaju League, awọn Portuguese ṣe o lẹẹkansi lodi si AS Roma ni mẹẹdogun-ipari. Ni Ajumọṣe, o gba awọn ibi-afẹde pataki si Arsenal ati Liverpool, o si fọ igbasilẹ George Best pẹlu àmúró ni Oṣu Kẹta Ọjọ 19, Ọdun 2008 lodi si Bolton, di agbaboolu ti o ga julọ ni akoko kan  .

O pari akoko naa gẹgẹbi agbaboolu oke pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 31 ni awọn ere 34 ni Premier League  ati Champions League pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde mẹjọ ni awọn ere mọkanla  . O ti dibo ẹrọ orin ti o dara julọ nipasẹ awọn ẹlẹgbẹ rẹ, tẹ ati gbogbo eniyan fun ọdun keji ni ọna kan  . Ṣugbọn o ṣaṣeyọri ni pataki Ajumọṣe Premier kan - Awọn aṣaju-ija Ajumọṣe ilọpo meji pẹlu ẹgbẹ rẹ. Pelu awọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti o nira lodi si Ilu Barcelona (ti o padanu ijiya ni Camp Nou ati ẹsẹ keji ti o bajẹ) ni awọn ipari-ipari ti Champions League, o ṣii ifamisi pẹlu akọsori ni &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;iṣẹju&lt;/sup&gt; 26th&lt;/abbr&gt;  lodi si Chelsea ni ipari ni May 21, 2008. Lẹhin oluṣatunṣe lati ọdọ Frank Lampard , awọn ẹgbẹ meji ti yapa lori awọn ijiya: Ronaldo padanu tirẹ, ṣugbọn Manchester gba igba naa ati nitori naa Champions League . Ni ipari ere naa, Portuguese ni a yan eniyan ti idije naa.

Ni akoko yii, ''CR7'' ti wa pupọ, di diẹ sii ti ara ati siwaju sii ni iwaju ibi-afẹde (42 ni gbogbo awọn idije), eyiti o mu ki o ni ojurere fun Ballon d'Or nipasẹ awọn alafojusi  . O ṣẹgun bata goolu ti Yuroopu akọkọ rẹ ni opin akoko naa . Lẹhin Euro 2008, Cristiano ṣe iṣẹ abẹ ni ẹsẹ ọtún rẹ. O ti n jiya lati iredodo ti nwaye fun ọpọlọpọ awọn oṣu, ti o fa nipasẹ yiyọkuro ti awọn ajẹkù ti kerekere meji ni ẹsẹ ọtún rẹ. Ẹrọ orin naa le ti ṣiṣẹ ni ibẹrẹ ọdun ti yoo jẹ ki o ko wa fun iyoku akoko, ṣugbọn o fẹ lati pari akoko naa laibikita irora  .

==== 2008-2009: A soro akoko ====
Ni akoko ooru, o gbiyanju lati darapọ mọ Real Madrid  ṣugbọn o pari lati gbe ni Manchester United. Ko si ni atẹle iṣẹ abẹ rẹ, Ronaldo padanu UEFA Super Cup eyiti ẹgbẹ rẹ padanu 2-1. O tun ṣere ni aarin Oṣu Kẹsan nigbati o wa sinu ere ni Champions League lodi si Villarreal  . Lẹhin ipadabọ ologo ti o wa niwaju awọn onijakidijagan lẹhin igbiyanju rẹ lati wọle si Real Madrid, o wa ọna rẹ pada si apapọ o si bẹrẹ dara si akoko Premier League. THEOṣu kọkanla ọjọ 15, Ọdun 2008, o kọja ami ami ibi-afẹde 100 pẹlu Manchester United nipasẹ gbigbe awọn ibi-afẹde &lt;abbr&gt;100 &lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; ati &lt;abbr&gt;101 &lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;  si Stoke City  . Lẹhin ilọpo meji yii tẹle akoko ti awọn ere mọkanla laisi ibi-afẹde ni liigi fun Ronaldo.

THEOṣu kejila ọjọ 2, Ọdun 2008, o gba Ballon d'Or 2008 niwaju Lionel Messi ati Fernando Torres . Oun ni Bọọlu goolu ti Ilu Pọtugali kẹta lẹhin Eusebio (1965) ati Luís Figo (2000). O tun jẹ bọọlu goolu kẹrin ti o nṣire fun Manchester United lẹhin Denis Law (1964), Bobby Charlton (1966) ati George Best (1968)  . O tun dibo fun oṣere FIFA ti o dara julọ ni ọdun 2008 ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 12, Ọdun 2009  . Oun ati ẹgbẹ rẹ gba Club World Cup 1-0 lodi si LDU Quitoni ipari ni Oṣu Keji ọjọ 21, Ọdun 2008 nibiti o ti ṣe igbasilẹ ipinnu fun ẹlẹgbẹ ẹlẹgbẹ rẹ Wayne Rooney ati pe o jẹ ade 2008 ''Adidas'' Silver Ball  . Ni 11 Oṣu Kini 2009, Portuguese ṣe alabapin ninu iṣẹgun 3-0 ẹgbẹ rẹ lori Chelsea pẹlu iranlọwọ fun Dimitar Berbatov  . O wa ọna rẹ pada si apapọ lodi si Derby County ni Cup ati lẹhinna lodi si West Brom ni Premier League.

Ni idojukọ pẹlu Inter Milan ni yika ti 16 ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija, o gba ibi-afẹde akọkọ rẹ ni ẹda yii  . Ni Porto, lẹhin iyaworan 2-2 ni ẹsẹ akọkọ, Ronaldo ṣii ifamisi pẹlu ibọn ti o lagbara lati 35m  &lt;abbr&gt;,&lt;/abbr&gt; eyiti o gba Puskás Prize  o si fi ẹgbẹ rẹ ranṣẹ si awọn ipari ipari. Ni Ajumọṣe, o ṣe alabapin ninu iṣẹgun 5-2 ti ẹgbẹ rẹ lodi si Tottenham nipasẹ fifi aami ami ami si ti o jẹ ki o de ibi-afẹde mẹrindilogun ati gba Carling Cup lodi si ẹgbẹ kanna. Ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ-ipari ti Champions League, o gba ami ayo meji wọle pẹlu iranlọwọ kan lodisi Arsenal ni ẹsẹ keji  .

Manchester United ti gba liigi fun igba kẹta ni itẹlera. Cristiano Ronaldo pari agbaboolu oke keji (awọn ibi-afẹde 18) lẹhin Nicolas Anelka . Ni ipari ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija , ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 27, o ti ṣe deede bi aaye kan, o si yan lẹhin ere ti o dara julọ ni ẹgbẹ Manchester, ṣugbọn ẹgbẹ rẹ padanu 2-0 ni Rome lodi si FC Barcelona .

=== Real Madrid (2009-2018) ===

==== 2009-2010: La Liga Uncomfortable ====
THEOṣu Kẹfa Ọjọ 26, Ọdun 2009, lẹhin ọdun meji ti awọn agbasọ ọrọ, Real Madrid ra Cristiano Ronaldo fun ọdun mẹfa ati idiyele igbasilẹ ti 94 milionu awọn owo ilẹ yuroopu  .

Awọn Portuguese wọ nọmba 9 nigbati o de Real Madrid , n duro de ilọkuro Raúl .

Nitoribẹẹ o di gbigbe ti o gbowolori julọ ni itan-akọọlẹ bọọlu  lẹhinna yọkuro nipasẹ Gareth Bale , Paul Pogba ati Neymar . Ti gbekalẹ loriOṣu Keje 6, Ọdun 2009ni papa-iṣere Santiago-Bernabéu ti o kun , o fọ igbasilẹ miiran: ti ẹrọ orin ti igbejade rẹ mu awọn olufowosi julọ wa (laarin 80,000 ati 95,000)  . O gba nọmba 9 pẹlu “Ronaldo” ti o rọrun lori aṣọ-aṣọ rẹ, ti o jẹ ki o jẹ aami si ti aṣaaju Brazil olokiki rẹ Ronaldo . Ifẹ Portuguese yii wa ni ipilẹṣẹ ti ija pẹlu Florentino Pérez , ti o ni aniyan lati ta ọpọlọpọ awọn aṣọ ẹwu ti irawọ tuntun rẹ, ti o ni aniyan nipa ri ọpọlọpọ awọn olufowosi ti o wọ aṣọ ti Ronaldo miiran, ti ile-iṣẹ Brazil- , nigba igbejade ti Mofi- Mancunian.

Lẹhin ti a jo aropin ami-akoko, o gba mẹsan afojusun ni o kan meje awọn ere, sugbon o farapa fun osu meji lodi si Olympique de Marseille  . Real Madrid tẹsiwaju awọn iṣẹ idaji-ọkan ni isansa rẹ. O ṣe ipadabọ rẹ si Zurich ni Ajumọṣe Awọn aṣaju-ija . Ọjọ mẹta lẹhinna, o ṣe clasico akọkọ ti akoko naa. O ṣe awọn iṣẹju 60 ati Real padanu 1-0, ṣugbọn ṣe agbejade ọkan ninu awọn iṣe rẹ ti o dara julọ ti akoko  . Lori Kejìlá &lt;abbr&gt;1 &lt;sup&gt;,&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; 2009, Cristiano pari keji ni Ballon d'Or lẹhin Lionel Messi , bayi kà rẹ orogun  . Cristiano tẹsiwaju ipa rẹ, ṣugbọn Real Madrid wa ni ipo keji lẹhin FC Barcelona . Ni Awọn aṣaju-ija Ajumọṣe , o gba ilọpo meji miiran si Marseille , ati Madrid pari akọkọ ni ẹgbẹ. Ni &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;awọn yika ti&lt;/sup&gt; 16&lt;/abbr&gt; pelu ntẹriba gba wọle ni awọn keji ẹsẹ, Madrid ti a kuro 2-1 (apapọ Dimegilio) nipa Lyon  nigba ti egbe ti a ti tẹlẹ kuro ninu King Cup nipa Alicante. Lakoko ti Cristiano Ronaldo tẹsiwaju awọn iṣẹ ṣiṣe ti o dara, akoko akọle wundia tuntun kan ti kede fun ọgba.

O gba bọọlu ọfẹ kan lodi si Villarreal o si ṣe iranlọwọ pupọ ni iṣẹgun 6-2 ti ẹgbẹ rẹ. Ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 5, Ọdun 2010, o gba ijanilaya ijanilaya akọkọ rẹ pẹlu Real Madrid ni Mallorca ni 4-1 ṣẹgun. Oun tikararẹ ṣe asọye ere-idaraya yii gẹgẹbi iṣẹ ti o dara julọ  . O pari La Liga pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 26 ni awọn ere 29, ti o di duo ikọlu ti o lagbara pẹlu Gonzalo Higuaín ṣugbọn o pari agbaboolu oke kẹta, ati FC Barcelona lẹẹkansii gba La Liga laibikita igbasilẹ awọn aaye Real Madrid. Ti &quot; ''CR9'' &quot; ba ni akoko akọkọ ti o dara pupọ, akoko Ologba jẹ ibanujẹ .

==== 2010-2011: Gba akoko ====
Lakoko akoko iṣaaju, o yipada &lt;abbr&gt;ko si &lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; rẹ  si &lt;abbr&gt;ko si &lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;  , ti o pada si nọmba ti o wọ ni Manchester United lẹhin ilọkuro ti Raúl . Ṣiṣe ibẹrẹ buburu si akoko naa, o gba pada nipasẹ fifun lẹmeji ni 6-1 iṣẹgun lori Deportivo La Coruña o si gba ilọpo meji miiran pẹlu awọn iranlọwọ meji si Malaga (1-4). O tun gba wọle ninu  idije &lt;abbr&gt;Champions&lt;/abbr&gt; League &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;kẹta&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; pẹlu AC Milan pẹlu tapa ọfẹ. O tun gba ami ayo meji wọle si Ajax [[Amsterdam]] ati Auxerre. O gba wọle pupọ ni liigi ati paapaa gba ami-mẹrin gba.

Ni Copa del Rey , Madrid dojuti paapaa Levante 8-0. Cristiano ati Karim Benzema gba ijanilaya gba wọle, Mesut Ozil ati Pedro Leon pari Dimegilio naa. Real Madrid n ni aarin-akoko ti o lagbara, ijatil nikan ni itiju ti o jẹ nipasẹ orogun ni Camp Nou (5-0). Awọn ti o de ni window gbigbe akoko ooru ti Mesut Özil ati Ángel Di María ni pataki ṣe igbelaruge ikọlu Madrid pẹlu awọn igbelewọn didara wọn, nigbagbogbo fifun awọn bọọlu afẹsẹgba si awọn ikọlu Merengues.

Cristiano Ronaldo ṣe afihan awọn agbara imọ-ẹrọ rẹ pẹlu Real Madrid lodi si Villareal.

Lakoko akoko iyokù, o tẹsiwaju lati Dimegilio, paapaa pẹlu ijanilaya-ẹtan lati ibẹrẹ lodi si Villarreal (4-2). Cristiano Ronaldo paapaa di ẹrọ orin ti o yara ju lati gba awọn ibi-afẹde La Liga 50 ni awọn ere 51 nikan pẹlu àmúró si Real Sociedad (4-1)  . Lẹhin awọn iranlọwọ meji lodi si Lyon ( akoko &lt;abbr&gt;1st&lt;/abbr&gt;  ni awọn ọdun 7 ti ogba naa ti kọja yika ti 16), o gba awọn ibi-afẹde meji ni awọn ipari-mẹẹdogun ti Awọn &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;aṣaju&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; -ija aṣaju-ija lodi si Tottenham bi o ti jẹ pe o dun farapa . Ni La Liga, Ronaldo gba ami ayo meji si Real Sociedad ati ijanilaya si Malaga, ṣugbọn yato si iyẹn, ko gba wọle pupọ mọ. Nigbati o mọ pe clasico n bọ, José Mourinho rọpo rẹ, ṣugbọn o tun gba  ibi-afẹde Ajumọṣe &lt;abbr&gt;28th rẹ &lt;sup&gt;ni Bilbao.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;

Nigba 4 clasico ni ọna kan  , o gba wọle lori gbamabinu ni Ajumọṣe (1-1) ibi-afẹde akọkọ rẹ lodi si awọn Catalans lẹhinna o gba ibi-afẹde ni ipari ti Copa del Rey ti o jẹ ki Real Madrid gba idije naa, awọn akọkọ ti Ologba fun 3 ọdun. Ṣugbọn lẹhinna ko ni agbara lodi si imukuro ni Champions League (0-2, 1-1).

Bi o ti jẹ pe imukuro yii, Cristiano di oludari ti o ga julọ pẹlu igbasilẹ ti awọn ibi-afẹde 40 La Liga  ati awọn aaye 80 ni European Golden Boot, eyiti o gba lẹhin ijakadi pipẹ pẹlu Lionel Messi fun akọle ti oludari oke. O tun di akọrin La Liga akọkọ lati gba o kere ju awọn ibi-afẹde 3 ni igba mẹfa ni ere La Liga kan (pẹlu 2 quadruplets). O de bii Leo Messi, ami ayo mẹtalelaadọta ni gbogbo awọn idije, ṣugbọn lekan si, Real Madrid pari ni ipo keji lẹhin FC Barcelona ni liigi.

==== 2011-2012: orilẹ-iyasọtọ ====
Real Madrid bori ninu idije boolu agbaye ni saa-tẹlẹ ti wọn gba ami ayo meje wole. Ti ṣẹgun pẹlu ẹgbẹ rẹ lakoko SuperCopa lodi si Ilu Barcelona , ​​​​o kede awọ ni La Liga lati ere akọkọ pẹlu ijanilaya-ẹtan lodi si Real Zaragoza .

Ni Awọn aṣaju-ija aṣaju-ija, o gba awọn ibi-afẹde 3 ni awọn ere ẹgbẹ mẹrin, pẹlu &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;awọn ibi-afẹde&lt;/sup&gt; 99th &lt;sup&gt;ati&lt;/sup&gt; 100th&lt;/abbr&gt;  fun Real Madrid ni Lyon .

Ronaldo yara gba ami ayo mẹtadinlogun La Liga wọle ṣaaju Clasico. Top scorer ati olori, Cristiano esan waye ọkan ninu awọn buru išẹ ti re ọmọ nibẹ, o ti ani won won 1/10 nipasẹ awọn Madrid irohin ''Marca''  . O sọji awọn ọjọ 3 lẹhinna lodi si Ponferradina ni Cup ati lẹhinna pẹlu ijanilaya-ẹtan ni Seville .

Ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 9, Ọdun 2012, o wa ni ipo, bi ni 2009, keji ni Ballon d’Or lẹhin Lionel Messi, ti o gba idije fun igba kẹta  . Ni opin Oṣu Kini, o gba lẹẹmeji si Barca, kuna lati ṣe idiwọ imukuro ẹgbẹ rẹ  . Lẹhin imukuro yii, o fọ igbasilẹ tuntun kan, awọn ibi-afẹde 23 ni ẹsẹ akọkọ ti La Liga  . Ni Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija, o yarayara awọn ibi-afẹde 8 o ṣeun si awọn ibi-afẹde 3 rẹ lodi si CSKA [[Mọ́skò|Moscow]] ati ilọpo meji rẹ si APOEL Nicosia. Bi Real Madrid ṣe sọ awọn aaye ti o niyelori silẹ lati asiwaju wọn lodi si Barca, Cristiano ṣe iṣiro ijanilaya pataki kan ni derby lodi si Atletico Madrid si Vincent Calderon, ti o jẹ ki Real Madrid gba 4-1 ati idaduro awọn aaye 4 niwaju awọn Catalans  . O fọ ni ọsẹ to nbọ igbasilẹ tirẹ ti akoko to kọja ni awọn ọsẹ diẹ lẹhinna nipa gbigbe awọn ibi-afẹde 41 si Sporting Gijon ni akoko kanna bi Messi  .

Lakoko awọn ipari ipari-ipari laarin Bayern Munich ati Real Madrid , Ronaldo ṣe iranlọwọ ni ẹsẹ akọkọ ti o padanu 2-1 lẹhinna gba wọle lẹẹmeji ni ẹsẹ keji (2-1), ṣugbọn o padanu ibọn rẹ lori ibi-afẹde  . Igba ti gba nipasẹ Bayern, imukuro Real Madrid, gẹgẹ bi Chelsea ti o ti pa FC Barcelona kuro 24 wakati sẹyìn  .

Laarin awọn ere meji, Cristiano tun gba ibi-afẹde ti o bori lodi si FC Barcelona (2-1), gbigba Real Madrid laaye lati di awọn aṣaju-ija ni &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ọjọ&lt;/sup&gt; 36th&lt;/abbr&gt;  ni Bilbao (3-0)  ati ṣe aṣeyọri awọn aaye La Liga 100  . Ronaldo padanu akọle oludari oke si Leo Messi (awọn ibi-afẹde 50), ṣugbọn o di oṣere La Liga akọkọ lati gba wọle si gbogbo awọn ẹgbẹ La Liga 19  .

==== 2012-2013: A collective misshapen ====
Ronaldo bẹrẹ akoko rẹ nipa gbigba Supercup lodi si FC Barcelona nibiti o ti gba ami ayo meji wọle. Aṣeyọri akọkọ ti akoko ni La Liga fun Real Madrid ni aami nipasẹ iṣẹgun 3-0 lodi si Granada. Cristiano Ronaldo, onkọwe ti ilọpo meji, sọ lẹhin ere naa &quot;Mo ni ibanujẹ fun idi ọjọgbọn, Emi ko ṣe ayẹyẹ awọn ibi-afẹde mi&quot;  , eyiti o ṣẹda ariyanjiyan ni Yuroopu.
Laibikita ibẹrẹ idiju si akoko ni Ajumọṣe, Real Madrid gba idije Champions League akọkọ wọn lodi si Ilu Manchester City . Ronaldo gba ami ayo ti o bori wọle nibẹ (3-2) ni &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;iṣẹju&lt;/sup&gt; 90th&lt;/abbr&gt;  .  gba ijanilaya Champions League akọkọ rẹ - ẹtan lodi si Ajax Amsterdam  , ni Oṣu Kẹwa Ọjọ 7, o gba wọle lẹẹmeji si FC Barcelona ni Camp Nou o si fọ igbasilẹ Iván Zamorano  fifi wọle ni ''Clasicos'' mẹfa itẹlera Ni January 8, 2013, o pari ni ipo keji ni Ballon d'Or ni ọjọ keji.fun igba kẹrin ninu Eyi ko ṣe idiwọ fun u lati ni ibamu pupọ, ṣugbọn o rii ara rẹ ni awọn ibi-afẹde lailoriire si ẹgbẹ rẹ ni Granada ni Ajumọṣe ni Kínní 2, nibiti oun ati ẹgbẹ rẹ ti padanu 1-0  . Yoo ra ara re pada pelu ijanilaya ni ọsẹ to nbọ, ṣugbọn Real Madrid ti wa ni aaye 13 tẹlẹ lẹhin Barca ati pe yoo wa ni ipo keji ni ipari.

Ni awọn ipele knockout ti awọn aṣaju League , Real Madrid koju Manchester United . Lodi si ẹgbẹ iṣaaju rẹ, o gba wọle ni ẹsẹ akọkọ (1-1) lẹhinna o gba ibi-afẹde ti o bori, eyiti ko ṣe ayẹyẹ, ni ere ipadabọ ni Old Trafford (1-2)  . O tun di olubori ilu Pọtugali ni idije, niwaju Eusebio  . Awọn Portuguese gba ami ayo mẹta wọle ni akọri-meji si awọn Turks ti Galatasaray (3-0; 2-3) ṣugbọn ni awọn ipari-ipari o jẹ ẹlẹsẹ nikan ni ijatil 4-1 ni ẹsẹ akọkọ lodi si Borussia Dortmund.. Ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ ipadabọ, laibikita iṣẹgun 2-0, awọn ara ilu Madrid ti yọkuro nipasẹ awọn ara Jamani ati tun kuna ni ẹnu-bode ti ipari. Pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 12, Cristiano pari ami ayo to ga julọ ni ẹda naa.

Awọn ti o kẹhin anfani lati tàn fun Real Madrid ni Copa del Rey. Awọn bori ni ilopo-confrontations ti Vigo (mẹta ti Ronaldo ni ẹsẹ keji), lẹhinna ti Valencia ati Barca (meji Ronaldo ni Camp Nou), awọn Merengues koju ni ipari ti Copa del Rey, ti o lodi si Atlético Madrid, Ronaldo . ṣii Dimegilio lati igun kan, ibi-afẹde &lt;abbr&gt;55th&lt;/abbr&gt;  ti akoko ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ere, ṣugbọn o ti firanṣẹ ni akoko afikun fun kaadi ofeefee keji ati rii pe Real Madrid padanu awọn ibi-afẹde 2 si &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;  . O pari akoko naa gẹgẹbi olubori ti o ga julọ ni Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija (awọn ibi-afẹde 12), ati laibikita akoko aṣeyọri kọọkan miiran fun CR7, ti ẹgbẹ naa jẹ itiniloju fun awọn ireti ti bori ninu idije naa.Ajumọṣe aṣaju-ija , ti bajẹ nipasẹ awọn ija laarin José Mourinho ati awọn oṣere rẹ  .

==== 2013-2014: La Decima ====
Cristiano Ronaldo lodi si Atlético de Madrid ni ọdun 2013.

Fun ere akọkọ ti akoko, awọn eniyan Madrid ṣẹgun 2-1 ni ile lodi si Betis Sevilla . Eyi jẹ &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ere&lt;/sup&gt; 200th&lt;/abbr&gt; ti Cristiano Ronaldo  pẹlu ẹgbẹ yii. O jẹ olukọja ipinnu ni ọsẹ to nbọ fun Karim Benzema ni Granada ati lẹhinna gba ibi-afẹde akọkọ rẹ ti akoko ni Matchday 3 lodi si Athletic Bilbao. Lẹhinna o gba wọle lori Papa odan ti Villarreal lẹhinna o gba awọn ilọpo meji ni itẹlera si Getafe ati Elche. Ni Oṣu Kẹsan ọjọ 28, Real ṣubu ni ile (0-1) ni derby lodi si Atlético, lẹhinna padanu Clasico akọkọ ti akoko ni ọsẹ mẹrin lẹhinna ni Camp Nou. Madrid sọji lodi si Sevilla (7-3) ati Cristiano de awọn ibi-afẹde 17. Real Madrid wa ni isinmi lẹhin Barca ati Atletico ṣugbọn aaye 5 lẹhin awọn abanidije mejeeji.

Lori Papa odan ti Galatasaray ni Oṣu Kẹsan ọjọ 17 fun ọjọ akọkọ ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija , Real Madrid gba (6-1) ati Cristiano gba ijanilaya-omoluabi kan. Onkọwe ti awọn ilọpo meji ni itẹlera lodi si FC Copenhagen ati Juventus Turin ni ile lẹhinna tun ṣe agbabọọlu ni Stadium Juventus , o di, ni Oṣu Kejila ọjọ 10 lori Papa odan ti Copenhagen, oludari oke ti awọn ipele ẹgbẹ ti Awọn aṣaju-ija ni itan-akọọlẹ pẹlu awọn aṣeyọri 9  .

Ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 6, Ọdun 2014, lakoko &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ọjọ&lt;/sup&gt; 18th&lt;/abbr&gt;  ti La Liga lodi si Celta Vigo, ọmọ ilu Pọtugali gba awọn ibi-afẹde meji ni iṣẹju mẹwa ti o kẹhin ti ere, eyiti o fun laaye laaye lati lapapọ awọn ibi-afẹde 400 lati igba akọkọ ọjọgbọn rẹ. Lẹhin ọdun ti o dara pupọ ni 2013, awọn ibi-afẹde 69, pẹlu mẹrin si Sweden ni awọn ere-idije eyiti o jẹ ki Ilu Pọtugali yẹ fun 2014 World Cup , Cristiano Ronaldo ni ade Ballon d’Or fun akoko keji ni iṣẹ rẹ  .

Ni Kínní 11, 2014, lakoko Copa del Rey ologbele-ipari ipari keji ti o lodi si Atlético Madrid , Cristiano Ronaldo ṣeto igbasilẹ ajeji pe oun nikan ni awọn ẹlẹsẹ ninu itan lati mu. Nitootọ, nipa gbigbe ibi-afẹde kan ni &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;iṣẹju&lt;/sup&gt; 7th ti ere &lt;sup&gt;,&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;  o le ṣogo bayi pe o ti gba o kere ju ibi-afẹde kan ni iṣẹju kọọkan ti ere laarin &lt;abbr&gt;1st &lt;sup&gt;ati&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; 90th  . Awọn osu diẹ lẹhinna, Zlatan Ibrahimović ṣe kanna  . Laisi awọn Portuguese, Real gba ik lodi si FC Barcelona .

Ninu idije Champions League, Ronaldo na ni ifẹsẹwọnsẹ ologbele-ipari ti Bayern Munich ni akọsilẹ fun nọmba awọn ami ayo ti o gba wọle ninu idije yii ni saa kan pẹlu aṣeyọri 16. Real Madrid ni ẹtọ fun ipari  . Ni Ajumọṣe, ni ida keji, Real Madrid ya ni awọn ọjọ ikẹhin ati pe o pari nikan ni kẹta lẹhin ija lile si awọn abanidije nla meji ti ẹgbẹ naa: FC Barcelona ati Atlético Madrid, igbehin gba aṣaju-ija ṣaaju ki o to dojukọ ẹgbẹ Real Real . ninu idije Champions League ipari. Ni ipari, Real Madrid gba 4-1 lẹhin akoko afikun, Ronaldo si gba ami ayo ti o kẹhin lati ibi ifẹsẹwọnsẹ, ti o mu lapapọ rẹ si 17 afojusun.

==== 2014-2015: Iyatọ akoko ni ipele kọọkan ====
O bẹrẹ akoko rẹ nipasẹ ipadabọ lakoko ere lodi si Manchester United , lakoko ikọṣẹ ẹgbẹ Real ni Amẹrika, ṣugbọn ko le ṣe idiwọ ijatil 3-1. Lakoko idije European Super Cup ti o waye ni Oṣu Kẹjọ Ọjọ 12, Ọdun 2014 ni papa iṣere Cardiff, o gba ami ayo meji wọle si Sevilla FC o si ṣẹgun ẹgbẹ rẹ 2-0. Nitori naa o jẹ oṣere ti o dara julọ ni ipari idije naa, ati pe o gba ife ẹyẹ ti o kẹhin ti o padanu lati igbasilẹ ẹgbẹ rẹ. Cristiano Ronaldo lẹhinna tẹsiwaju pẹlu awọn ere ti o dara nibiti o ni awọn ibi-afẹde kan, ti o ṣajọpọ lẹhin awọn ọjọ Ajumọṣe mẹjọ lapapọ awọn ibi-afẹde 15 (ni awọn ere meje nikan ti o ṣiṣẹ). Paapaa o gba awọn ijanilaya-ijanilaya meji ati ẹẹmẹrin kan, ti o gbe ararẹ si ipo oludije fun Ballon d’Or ọdun 2014.. O gba ibi-afẹde kẹta rẹ ni awọn ere Champions League mẹta si Liverpool FC ni Anfield (0-3), akọkọ. Ni akoko clasico ti ọjọ kẹsan ti Liga BBVA , o fi opin si invincibility ti Claudio Bravo ni Ajumọṣe nipasẹ iwọntunwọnsi lori ijiya (3-1 iṣẹgun fun Real Madrid ). Nikẹhin, o bori pẹlu awọn ẹlẹgbẹ rẹ ni Club World Cup ni Ilu Morocco, nibiti Cristiano ti pari, bii 2008 pẹlu Manchester United, bọọlu fadaka ti idije naa, ati pe o tun jẹ olutọpa ipinnu ti o dara julọ. O ni apapọ awọn ibi-afẹde Ajumọṣe 25 ati awọn ibi-afẹde 32 ni gbogbo awọn idije lakoko isinmi igba otutu.

Ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 12, Ọdun 2015, Cristiano Ronaldo ti gba ade Ballon d’Or fun igba kẹta ninu iṣẹ rẹ, o gba 37.66% ti ibo lodi si 15.76% fun Lionel Messi ati 15.72% fun Manuel Neuer , awọn oludije meji miiran. Beere lẹhin ayẹyẹ naa, o sọ pe “Nigbati mo rii ẹni ti wọn yan pẹlu mi, Mo sọ fun ara mi pe kii yoo rọrun. Gbogbo wa lo ye lati gba Ballon d’Or yii. Ṣugbọn boya Mo tọ si diẹ diẹ sii. (...) Mo ni akoko ti o dara julọ mejeeji lati oju-ọna ti olukuluku ṣugbọn tun ni apapọ. Mo ti ṣaṣeyọri ọpọlọpọ awọn ibi-afẹde ati loni Mo n kore eso gbogbo ohun ti Mo ti ṣaṣeyọri. Mo yẹ idanimọ yii. »  .

Ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 18, Lusitano, nipa fifun ilọpo meji lori Papa odan ti Getafe , lu igbasilẹ fun awọn ibi-afẹde ni ẹsẹ akọkọ ti La Liga pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 28, ṣugbọn yoo jẹ adehun ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 24 pẹlu kaadi pupa kan fun idari ti arin takiti si ọna ẹrọ orin lati Cordoba , Edimar. Oun yoo gafara fun idari yii lori awọn nẹtiwọọki awujọ, ṣugbọn yoo ṣe idaduro idaduro ere meji.

Ronaldo di agbaboolu giga julọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ ti Awọn idije European ni Oṣu Kẹta ọjọ 10. O ṣeun si ilọpo meji rẹ lodi si Schalke 04 ni yika ti 16 ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija , o kọja nipasẹ ọkan igbasilẹ ti tẹlẹ ti awọn ibi-afẹde 77 ti a ṣeto nipasẹ Spaniard Raùl , arosọ miiran ti Real Madrid. O tun bori Lionel Messi gẹgẹbi olubori ti o ga julọ ni Champions League pẹlu 76  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 5, Cristiano Ronaldo gba ami ayo akọkọ ti iṣẹ rẹ si Granada , ọdun 13 lẹhin Fernando Morientes , oṣere Real Madrid ti o kẹhin lati ṣaṣeyọri iṣẹ yii. Ni akoko kanna, o ṣaṣeyọri ''ijanilaya'' ti o yara ju ti iṣẹ rẹ nipasẹ gbigbe awọn ibi-afẹde mẹta ni o kere ju iṣẹju mẹjọ  o si de igi ti awọn ibi-afẹde Ajumọṣe 300 (3 ni Ajumọṣe Ilu Pọtugali, 84 ni Premier League). ati 213 ni La Liga ). Ọjọ mẹta lẹhinna, o gba ibi-afẹde miiran o si pese iranlọwọ ni 0-2 ṣẹgun Rayo Vallecano, nitorina o de igi ti awọn ibi-afẹde 300 ti a gba wọle ni aṣọ aso Real Madrid kan, pẹlu iranlọwọ 102 ni awọn ere 288 ti a ṣe  .

Ni Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija, Ronaldo gba ẹgbẹ rẹ laaye lati yọkuro Atlético Madrid ni awọn ipari-mẹẹdogun nipa gbigba Javier Hernández Balcázar lati gba ibi-afẹde kanṣoṣo ti akọri-meji ni awọn iṣẹju to kẹhin. Sibẹsibẹ, awọn Merengues ti yọkuro ni ipari-ipari nipasẹ awọn ara Italia ti Juventus laibikita awọn ibi-afẹde meji ti Ilu Pọtugali lori ijakadi meji.

Ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 23, Cristiano Ronaldo pari La Liga's Pichichi fun igba kẹta ati European Golden Boot pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 48 lori aago, ati lori 6 Okudu ti pari agba agba-oke ni Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija , ti a so pẹlu Lionel Messi ati Neymar . Nitorinaa o ti fi idi rẹ mulẹ lakoko akoko 2014-2015 lapapọ awọn ibi-afẹde ti o dara julọ ni Ajumọṣe, ṣugbọn tun gbogbo awọn idije ni idapo pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 61 bakanna bi lapapọ awọn iranlọwọ ti o dara julọ pẹlu awọn iranlọwọ 22. Sibẹsibẹ, ẹgbẹ ko gba eyikeyi ninu awọn idije pataki (asiwaju, ife orilẹ-ede, Ajumọṣe Awọn aṣaju-ija), eyiti o duro fun ikuna apapọ kan, nitorinaa o fa yiyọ kuro ti Carlo Ancelottiẹniti o tibe ni atilẹyin awọn oṣere rẹ  .

==== 2015-2016: Double European asiwaju ====
Nigba ti baramu lodi si Espanyol Barcelona onOṣu Kẹsan Ọjọ 12, Ọdun 2015, kika fun awọn ọjọ kẹta ti awọn asiwaju , o gba a quintuplet (isegun 0-6).

Ni Oṣu Kẹsan 30, ni idije ẹgbẹ keji ti Awọn aṣaju-ija aṣaju-ija lodi si Malmö FF , Cristiano Ronaldo ṣii igbelewọn o si gba ibi &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-afẹde&lt;/sup&gt; 500th&lt;/abbr&gt;  ti iṣẹ rẹ lori igbasilẹ lati Isco ṣaaju ki o to gba &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;501st&lt;/sup&gt; ni&lt;/abbr&gt; opin opin ere naa nitorinaa dọgba Raúl  Igbasilẹ  Real ( awọn ibi-afẹde 323 ), di agba agba agba ninu itan-akọọlẹ ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu naa Nikẹhin o lu igbasilẹ yii ni Oṣu Kẹwa 17, lodi si Levante UD nigbati o gba &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ibi-afẹde&lt;/sup&gt; 324th&lt;/abbr&gt; rẹ  fun Real  .

Sibẹsibẹ, Real Madrid ti ṣofintoto fun awọn iṣẹ rẹ ni apakan akọkọ ti akoko yii, o si padanu ailagbara rẹ ni Oṣu kọkanla ọjọ 8 lori Papa odan Seville (3-2), ṣaaju ki o to itiju nipasẹ FC Barcelona 4-0 ni ile ati yọkuro kuro ninu idije naa. King Cup, ni Oṣu kejila ọjọ 4, lori capeti alawọ ewe lẹhin ti o ṣe deede Denis Cheryshev , lẹhinna daduro lodi si Cadiz. Ronaldo, ti ko ni didasilẹ ju awọn akoko iṣaaju lọ, tun jẹ koko-ọrọ ti ibawi, ni pataki nipa awọn irin-ajo ere-idaraya ti o fẹrẹẹ lojoojumọ si Ilu Morocco eyiti yoo ni ipa lori ipo ti ara rẹ 

Ni Oṣu Kejìlá 5, Ronaldo ti gba &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ibi-afẹde&lt;/sup&gt; 235th&lt;/abbr&gt; rẹ  ni La Liga lodi si Getafe (4-1) o si dide si ipo kẹta laarin awọn oṣere ti o ga julọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ ti Ajumọṣe Ilu Sipeeni  .

Ni Oṣu Kejìlá 8, lakoko ọjọ ti o kẹhin ti ipele ẹgbẹ ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija lodi si Malmö FF (8-0), o gba idamẹrin kan o si lu igbasilẹ fun awọn ibi-afẹde ni ipele ẹgbẹ kan ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija (awọn ibi-afẹde 11), eyiti o tikararẹ ti iṣeto ni akoko 2013-2014 nipasẹ awọn ibi-afẹde 9.

Ni Oṣu Kẹta Ọjọ 3, Ọdun 2016, Ronaldo gba ami-mẹrin kan si Celta (7-1) ni Bernabeu o si di agbabọọlu &lt;abbr&gt;oke &lt;sup&gt;keji&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;  ni Ajumọṣe Spani pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 252, ti o bori Telmo Zarra .

Cristiano Ronaldo lodi si Celta Vigo ni Santiago Bernabéu.

Ni Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 12, o ṣe deede fun ẹgbẹ rẹ fun ipari-ipari ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju -ija nipa gbigbe ijanilaya kan lodi si VfL Wolfsburg fun iṣẹgun 3-0 ni Bernabeú lẹhin ẹgbẹ ti olukọni nipasẹ Zinédine Zidane padanu 2-0 ni awọn ipari mẹẹdogun ipari. lọ si Germany. Oun nikan ni o ti gba o kere ju 15 awọn ibi-afẹde ni awọn akoko Champions League meji ti o yatọ.

Ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 14, lẹhin ija nla kan si FC Barcelona fun itẹlọrun, Cristiano Ronaldo fun Real Madrid ni iṣẹgun lodi si Deportivo La Coruna (2-0) ni ọjọ ikẹhin ti La Liga , ṣugbọn o padanu idije Pichichi rẹ ni ojurere ti Luis Suarez .

THEOṣu Karun ọjọ 28, Ọdun 2016, Cristiano Ronaldo gba rẹ kẹta aṣaju League , pẹlu rẹ keji pẹlu Real. O gba ifẹsẹwọnsẹ lori ibi-afẹde fun iṣẹgun lodi si Atletico . (1-1) (5-3 awọn taabu ). Pẹlupẹlu, o pari akoko pẹlu diẹ sii ju awọn ibi-afẹde 50 ti o gba wọle fun &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;akoko&lt;/sup&gt; 6th&lt;/abbr&gt;  ni ọna kan  .

Ni Oṣu Keje 10, Cristiano ati ẹgbẹ orilẹ-ede Portugal gba Euro 2016 lẹhin lilu France , awọn ọmọ ogun ti idije ni ipari ni Stade de France (1-0). O jade lọ si ipalara ni &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;iṣẹju&lt;/sup&gt; 25th&lt;/abbr&gt;  ti ipari yii lẹhin olubasọrọ lati Dimitri Payet lori orokun osi rẹ  .

==== 2016-2017: Double Liga - aṣaju League ====
Fun igba akọkọ lati igba ti o darapọ mọ Real Madrid , Cristiano Ronaldo ko han ni eyikeyi awọn ere-tẹlẹ akoko ti ogba lẹhin ipalara rẹ ni ipari Euro 2016 . Pẹlupẹlu, o tun padanu awọn ere meji akọkọ ti Real ni La Liga .

Ni Oṣu Kẹjọ 25, o gba UEFA Best Player ni Aami Eye Yuroopu fun akoko keji ninu iṣẹ rẹ, niwaju Antoine Griezmann ati Gareth Bale  .

O ṣe ipadabọ rẹ ni Oṣu Kẹsan ọjọ 10 lakoko &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ọjọ&lt;/sup&gt; kẹta&lt;/abbr&gt;  ti aṣaju-ija nipasẹ fifi ami-afẹde akọkọ rẹ ti akoko si Osasuna ni Santiago Bernabeu (5-2).

Ni Oṣu Kẹsan ọjọ 14, o de ami ami ami ti awọn ibi-afẹde 550, ti o gba wọle lati tapa ọfẹ kan si ẹgbẹ agba atijọ rẹ, Sporting Portugal ni ọjọ akọkọ ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija .

O gba idamẹrin akọkọ rẹ pẹlu Portugal ni Oṣu Kẹwa ọjọ 7 lodi si Andorra (6-0).

Ni ọjọ 6 Oṣu kọkanla ọdun 2016, Real Madrid kede itẹsiwaju adehun Portuguese titi di ọdun 2021  .

Ni Oṣu kọkanla ọjọ 19, o di agbaboolu ti o ga julọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ Madrid Derby nipa gbigbe awọn ibi-afẹde 3 wọle ni iṣẹgun Real lodi si Atlético Madrid (0-3)  .

Ni ọjọ 26 Oṣu kọkanla, o kọja ami ibi-afẹde 50 ni ọdun kalẹnda kan fun ọdun kẹfa itẹlera pẹlu àmúró rẹ lodi si Sporting Gijón .

Ni Oṣu Kejìlá 12, o gba Ballon d'Or kẹrin rẹ (47.18% ti awọn ibo), pẹlu kẹta rẹ pẹlu Real Madrid  .

Ni Oṣu Kejila ọjọ 18, o ṣẹgun idije FIFA Club World &lt;abbr&gt;kẹta rẹ &lt;sup&gt;nipasẹ&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; gbigba mẹta ti awọn ibi-afẹde mẹrin Real ni ipari (4-2). Ni akoko kanna, o di oludari agba-oke ni itan-akọọlẹ ti idije pẹlu Luis Suárez , Lionel Messi ati César Delgado (awọn ibi-afẹde 5 kọọkan).

Ni Oṣu Kini Ọjọ 9, Ọdun 2017, Ronaldo ṣe ifihan ninu FIFA / FIFPro World XI fun ọdun &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;itẹlera&lt;/sup&gt; 10th&lt;/abbr&gt; ati pe o tun gba ẹbun FIFA Footballer of the Year fun &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;akoko&lt;/sup&gt; 2nd&lt;/abbr&gt; ninu iṣẹ rẹ lẹhin 2008  .

Ni Oṣu Keji ọjọ 22, o ṣe &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ere&lt;/sup&gt; 700th&lt;/abbr&gt; ti iṣẹ ẹgbẹ agba rẹ lodi si FC Valence ati gba ibi-afẹde kan. Sibẹsibẹ, Real Madrid kuna lati bori ati pe o padanu 2 si 1.

Ni ọjọ 26 Kínní, Cristiano Ronaldo gba ami ayo kan wọle lati ibi ifẹsẹwọnsẹ ni iṣẹgun Real Madrid lodi si Villarreal (2-3). Bayi o di olutọju igbasilẹ fun awọn ijiya ti o gba wọle ni gbogbo itan-akọọlẹ La Liga , pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 57 ni idaraya yii. O bori Hugo Sánchez (awọn ifiyaje 56)  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹta Ọjọ 12, o gba wọle pẹlu akọsori kan lodi si Bétis Sevilla ni La Liga, ibi-afẹde yii jẹ ki o di agbaboolu ti o ga julọ ni itan-akọọlẹ ni awọn ẹka mẹta, nipa gbigbe ibi-afẹde &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ori&lt;/sup&gt; 46th&lt;/abbr&gt; rẹ ni La Liga, o kọja Aritz Aduriz (45). Ni akoko kanna, o di ẹni ti o dara julọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ Real Madrid ni papa-iṣere Santiago Bernabeu pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 210, niwaju Santillana (209). Ati nikẹhin, nipa gbigbe ibi-afẹde Ajumọṣe &lt;abbr&gt;366th&lt;/abbr&gt; rẹ , o wọ inu itan-akọọlẹ bọọlu afẹsẹgba Yuroopu nipasẹ dọgbadọgba igbasilẹ Jimmy Greaves ati nitorinaa di ẹrọ orin ti o gba awọn ibi-afẹde pupọ julọ ni &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;awọn aṣaju-ija European marun marun&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 12, Ronaldo ti gba lẹẹmeji ni iṣẹgun Real Madrid lori Bayern Munich ni Awọn aṣaju-ija Champions League mẹẹdogun-ipari ẹsẹ akọkọ (1-2) o si di akọrin akọkọ ninu itan lati de awọn ibi-afẹde 100. ni awọn idije ile-idije UEFA  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 18, o di oṣere akọkọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ lati gba awọn ibi-afẹde Awọn aṣaju-ija 100 nipa gbigbe ijanilaya kan ni idamẹrin ipari ipari keji ti idije naa (4-2) ni Bernabeu  .

29, o fọ igbasilẹ Jimmy Greaves nipa gbigba &lt;abbr&gt;ibi-afẹde&lt;/abbr&gt; liigi  rẹ wọle o si di agbaboolu oke ninu itan-akọọlẹ ti awọn &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;aṣaju-idije Yuroopu marun marun&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; 

Ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 2, Cristiano Ronaldo ṣe ami ijanilaya kan lodi si Atlético Madrid ni ipele akọkọ-ipari ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Lopin , o ṣeun si awọn ibi-afẹde 3 rẹ ti o di:

* oṣere akọkọ ninu itan lati gba diẹ sii ju awọn ibi-afẹde 50 ni ipele knockout Champions League;
* oṣere akọkọ ninu itan lati gba awọn ijanilaya 2 ni itẹlera ni ipari lẹhin ibi-afẹde 3 rẹ lodi si Bayern Munich  ;
* oṣere akọkọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ lati ṣaṣeyọri awọn ibi-afẹde 10 tabi diẹ sii ni awọn akoko aṣaju League 6 itẹlera;
* agbaboolu ti o ga julọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ ni ipele-ipari ti Champions League pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 13, niwaju Alfredo Di Stéfano  .

Ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 21, o gba ibi-afẹde kan si Malaga (0-2) ni ọjọ ti o kẹhin ti La Liga ati pe o gba akọle liigi Spani keji rẹ pẹlu Real Madrid ti o ti gba awọn ibi-afẹde 25  .

Ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 3, Ronaldo gba ami ayo meji si Juventus ni ipari Awọn aṣaju-ija Ajumọṣe ati bori akọle &lt;abbr&gt;4th European rẹ &lt;sup&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; Pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde meji rẹ, o de ami ibi-afẹde iṣẹ 600. Pẹlupẹlu, o di akọrin akọkọ lati gba wọle ni awọn ipari mẹta ti o yatọ ni akoko ode oni ti idije yii, o tun pari awọn agbabọọlu oke fun akoko &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5th&lt;/sup&gt; itẹlera&lt;/abbr&gt; ati fun &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;akoko&lt;/sup&gt; 6th&lt;/abbr&gt; ninu iṣẹ rẹ, awọn igbasilẹ meji  .

==== 2017-2018: &lt;abbr&gt;5.&lt;/abbr&gt; aṣaju &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;League&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; ====
Cristiano Ronaldo bẹrẹ akoko tuntun yii nipa ipadabọ pẹ ni UEFA Super Cup lodi si Manchester United ati gba ife ẹyẹ.

Ni Oṣu Kẹjọ Ọjọ 13, lakoko ẹsẹ akọkọ ti Spanish Super Cup lodi si FC Barcelona , ​​​​o wọ aami wakati ati lẹhinna gba ibi-afẹde kan ni iṣẹju &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;80th&lt;/sup&gt; eyiti&lt;/abbr&gt; o gba Real laaye lati tun gba anfani naa. O ṣe ayẹyẹ ibi-afẹde rẹ nipa fifi aṣọ-aṣọ rẹ han si awọn eniyan Camp Nou bi Lionel Messi ti ṣe lakoko Clásico ni La Liga ni Bernabéu ni akoko to kọja ati gba kaadi ofeefee kan. Awọn iṣẹju diẹ lẹhinna o gba bọọlu kan nitosi aaye Barça o si ṣubu ni atẹle ifarakanra kan lati ọdọ Samuel Umtiti , agbẹjọro Ricardo De Burgos súfèé simulation kan o si fi &lt;abbr&gt;2 &lt;sup&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;ofeefee kaadi ti o fa rẹ eema. Bi abajade, Cristiano ti ta adari naa die-die ati pe o le fun ni ijẹniniya ti o wuwo nipasẹ RFEF  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹjọ ọjọ 14, ọjọ ti o tẹle ẹsẹ akọkọ ti Spanish Super Cup, ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Spain da duro fun awọn ere 5: 1 fun kaadi pupa ti o gba lẹhinna 4 fun titari adari ere naa. Oun yoo padanu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ ipadabọ lodi si Barça ni Oṣu Kẹjọ ọjọ 16 ni ile, lẹhinna awọn ọjọ 4 akọkọ ti aṣaju Ilu Sipeeni . Real Madrid yoo gba igbimọ afilọ lati le dinku ijẹniniya yii  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹjọ Ọjọ 24, o gba Aṣeyọri Ti o dara julọ ti UEFA ni Aami Eye Yuroopu fun &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;igba&lt;/sup&gt; kẹta&lt;/abbr&gt; ninu iṣẹ rẹ, niwaju Gianluigi Buffon ati Lionel Messi  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹwa Ọjọ 23, o gba Aami Eye FIFA Ti o dara julọ fun ọdun itẹlera keji. O tun ṣe ẹya ni FIFA / FIFPro World XI fun ọdun &lt;abbr&gt;11th &lt;sup&gt;itẹlera&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;  .

Ni Oṣu kejila ọjọ 6, o gba ami ayo kan si Borussia Dortmund o si di oṣere akọkọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Champions League lati gba o kere ju ibi-afẹde kan lakoko awọn ọjọ 6 ti ipele ẹgbẹ. Pẹlupẹlu, o gba &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ibi-afẹde&lt;/sup&gt; 60th&lt;/abbr&gt; rẹ ni ipele ẹgbẹ kanna ati pe o dọgba Lionel Messi  .

Ni ojo keje osu kejila, CR7 gba Ballon d’Or fun igba karun ninu ise re ti o si darapo mo orogun ayeraye Lionel Messi ti o tun gba ni igba marun-un, ti o ti pin ami eye na fun odun mewa bayii, ti ko tii gbo laye. itan bọọlu  .

Ni ojo kesan osu kejila, Cristiano Ronaldo gba ami ayo kan wole si Al-Jazeera ni asekagba idije Club World Cup o si di agbaboolu to ga julo ninu itan idije yii pelu ami ayo mẹfa. Bayi ni o bori Lionel Messi, Luis Suárez ati César Delgado (awọn ibi-afẹde 5 kọọkan).

Ni 16 Kejìlá, o gba ami-afẹde kanṣoṣo ni ipari ipari Club World Cup ti o gba nipasẹ Real Madrid lodi si Grêmio . Bọọlu fadaka ni idije naa ni wọn fun ni . Pẹlupẹlu pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 7 wọnyi ti o gba wọle ninu itan-akọọlẹ idije naa, o dọgbadọgba igbasilẹ ti olokiki bọọlu afẹsẹgba Pelé ti o ti gba awọn ibi-afẹde 7 wọle ni Intercontinental Cup , baba-nla ti Club World Cup.

Ni Oṣu Kejila ọjọ 28, o ti yan GlobeSoccer 2017, ni ẹsan fun oṣere ti o dara julọ ni agbaye ti ọdun &lt;sup&gt;[ref. dandan]&lt;/sup&gt; .

Ni Oṣu Kẹta Ọjọ 18, Ronaldo ti gba &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;ijanilaya&lt;/sup&gt; 50th&lt;/abbr&gt; -trick ( ere pẹlu o kere ju awọn ibi-afẹde 3 ti o gba wọle) ti iṣẹ rẹ ni La Liga &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Matchday&lt;/sup&gt; 29&lt;/abbr&gt; lodi si Girona  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 3, lodi si Juventus ni mẹẹdogun-ipari ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija , o di &lt;abbr&gt;akọrin &lt;sup&gt;akọkọ&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; ninu itan-akọọlẹ idije lati gba wọle ni awọn ere-kere 10 itẹlera  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 11, o ṣe ere &lt;abbr&gt;150th&lt;/abbr&gt; UEFA Champions League baramu &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;o si&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; fọ awọn igbasilẹ tuntun meji. Lootọ, o di oṣere akọkọ ninu itan-akọọlẹ ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Champions League lati gba awọn ibi-afẹde 10 si ọkan ati ẹgbẹ kanna: Juventus. Ni afikun, o tun di oṣere akọkọ ninu itan lati gba wọle ni awọn ere itẹlera 11 ninu idije  .

Ni Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 25, lodi si Bayern Munich ni Allianz Arena ni ẹsẹ akọkọ ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Champions League, o ṣẹgun &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;iṣẹgun&lt;/sup&gt; 99th&lt;/abbr&gt; rẹ ninu idije naa o si fọ igbasilẹ ti oṣere Madrid tẹlẹ Iker Casillas (awọn bori 98). O gba 70 pẹlu Real Madrid ati 29 pẹlu Manchester United . Sibẹsibẹ, ko ri apapọ lakoko ipade yii o si dawọ awọn ere-iṣere 11 rẹ ti o tẹle pẹlu o kere ju ibi-afẹde kan ti o gba wọle ni Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija  .

Ni Oṣu Karun ọjọ 26, o ṣẹgun Champions League karun rẹ ni iṣẹgun 3-1 Real Madrid lori Liverpool. Ni ipari ti ere-idaraya, o jẹ alaimọra ni sisọ ọjọ iwaju rẹ laarin ile-iṣẹ Madrid ati pe o ni imọran lati lọ kuro ni Real  . O tun pari agbaiye oke fun &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;akoko&lt;/sup&gt; 7th&lt;/abbr&gt; pẹlu awọn akoko itẹlera 6 (awọn ibi-afẹde 15). &lt;abbr&gt;Idibo 2nd&lt;/abbr&gt; rẹ lodi si Juventus ni 1/4 ipari ipari akọkọ ti Awọn aṣaju-ija Awọn aṣaju-ija ( pada acrobatic &lt;abbr&gt;&lt;sup&gt;)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; ni a dibo ibi-afẹde ti o dara julọ ti idije naa  ati ti akoko ni Yuroopu . Nitorina o pari akoko rẹ pẹlu awọn ibi-afẹde 44 ati awọn iranlọwọ 8 ni awọn ere 44 fun Real Madrid.

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}
{{ẹ̀kúnrẹ́rẹ́}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ronaldo, Cristiano}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Pọ́rtúgàl]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ ará Pọ́rtúgàl]]</text>
      <sha1>2afkoz1hnwcbqamfgaivj34helf6bzm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Ghanese universities et al</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>68353</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637791</id>
      <parentid>630219</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:34:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>637791</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11376" sha1="t726icr1a29qsyj2kfs7xpriunwogty" xml:space="preserve">The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q117 Scholia for Ghana]

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT
  ?number_of_authors
  ?number_of_works
  ?item
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing|📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WITH {  
  SELECT
    ?item
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors)
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works)
  WHERE {
    ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q117 .
    ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item .
    ?work wdt:P50 ?author .
  }
  GROUP BY ?item 
} AS %results
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %results
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language &quot;[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh&quot;. }
}
ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia

|columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Organization
! Number of authors
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| [[University of Ghana]]
| 41
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2303765|168]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2303765/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q746079|University of Cape Coast]]''
| 6
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q746079|54]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q746079/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1654025|Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]]''
| 6
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1654025|7]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1654025/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17310153|African Library and Information Associations and Institutions]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17310153|7]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17310153/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q743769|Association of African Universities]]''
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q743769|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q743769/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30282860|Indepth Network]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282860|10]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282860/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6826781|Mfantsipim School]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6826781|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6826781/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6432357|Korle - Bu Teaching Hospital]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6432357|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6432357/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5146833|College of Science, KNUST]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5146833|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5146833/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28223365|Mbaasem Foundation]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28223365|37]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28223365/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16733579|Ghana Museums and Monuments Board]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733579|21]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733579/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q389754|GTV]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q389754|21]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q389754/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5555328|Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555328|20]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555328/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65049397|Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65049397|17]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65049397/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q284673|Garden City University College]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q284673|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q284673/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19977993|Graphic Communications Group Limited]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19977993|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19977993/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2410669|Daily Graphic]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2410669|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2410669/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3104763|Ghana Broadcasting Corporation]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3104763|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3104763/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14813191|Keta Senior High Technical School]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q14813191|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q14813191/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16219415|Institute of African Studies University of Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16219415|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16219415/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18357149|University of Ghana Medical School]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18357149|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18357149/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5555350|Ghana Health Service]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555350|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555350/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6978402|National Service Secretariat]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6978402|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6978402/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7983889|Wesley College of Education]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7983889|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7983889/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100930174|University of Education Winneba - Kumasi Campus]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100930174|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100930174/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q103829426|Oil Palm Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103829426|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103829426/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q103830332|Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103830332|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103830332/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q103838315|Building and Road Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103838315|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103838315/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104007777|Institute for Scientific and Technological Information, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104007777|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104007777/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104073244|Food Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104073244|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104073244/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104074513|Soil Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104074513|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104074513/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104075870|Water Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104075870|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104075870/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104078160|Science and Technology Policy Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104078160|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104078160/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104088152|Institute of Industrial Research, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104088152|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104088152/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104092238|Animal Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104092238|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104092238/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104092610|Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104092610|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104092610/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q109290208|Gurenɛ Wikimedia Community]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q109290208|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q109290208/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q110962066|Ghanaian Academic and Research Network]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q110962066|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q110962066/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1358701|Islamic University College, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1358701|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1358701/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1557172|University of Education, Winneba]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1557172|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1557172/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1766573|University for Development Studies]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1766573|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1766573/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28378990|Wikimedia Ghana User Group]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28378990|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28378990/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30261519|Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30261519|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30261519/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4672820|Accra High School]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4672820|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4672820/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4683004|Adisadel College]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4683004|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4683004/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4689946|African University College of Communications]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689946|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689946/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5176313|Council for Scientific and Industrial Research – Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5176313|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5176313/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5187985|Crops Research Institute, Ghana]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5187985|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5187985/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5469256|Ghana Kwae mu Nhwehwɛmu Asoɛe]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5469256|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5469256/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5555331|Ghana Atomic Energy Commission]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555331|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555331/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5555396|Ghana Revenue Authority]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555396|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555396/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5555403|Ghana School of Law]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555403|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5555403/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55648280|Lakeside University College]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q55648280|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q55648280/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5625946|Peace FM]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5625946|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5625946/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61919063|Global Open Initiative]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q61919063|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q61919063/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q725198|Ashesi University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q725198|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q725198/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q90571296|Centre for African Wetlands]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q90571296|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q90571296/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q98590334|Dagbani Wikimedians User Group]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q98590334|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q98590334/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99285304|University for Development Studies - Nyankpala Campus]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99285304|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99285304/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>t726icr1a29qsyj2kfs7xpriunwogty</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Nigerian universities et al</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>68367</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637756</id>
      <parentid>637685</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:44:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>637756</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="24467" sha1="pohtreaurab3efkgo36ehos4x76g35t" xml:space="preserve">The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q1033 Scholia for Nigeria]

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT
  ?number_of_authors
  ?number_of_works
  ?item
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing|📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WITH {  
  SELECT
    ?item
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors)
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works)
  WHERE {
    ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q1033 .
    ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item .
    ?work wdt:P50 ?author .
  }
  GROUP BY ?item 
} AS %results
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %results
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language &quot;[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh&quot;. }
}
ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia

|columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Organization
! Number of authors
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Ìbàdàn]]
| 40
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1169487|216]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1169487/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Èkó]]
| 17
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1782980|185]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1782980/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà]]
| 13
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q927304|80]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q927304/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21015871|Nigerian Academy of Science]]''
| 11
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q21015871|14]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q21015871/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Báyéró]]
| 8
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3511498|34]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3511498/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Ilorin]]
| 8
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895546|19]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895546/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Obafemi Awolowo University|Yunifásítì Ọbáfẹ́mi Awólọ́wọ̀]]
| 6
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2008672|23]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2008672/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6345764|Kaduna State University]]''
| 6
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6345764|14]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6345764/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65058260|Nigerian Library Association]]''
| 6
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65058260|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65058260/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Àmọ́dù Béllò]]
| 6
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q401034|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q401034/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Port Harcourt|Yunifásítì ìlú Ebute Harcourt]]
| 5
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5103051|44]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5103051/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Benin]]
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1816069|13]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1816069/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Màídúgùri]]
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509668|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509668/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1142738|International institute of tropical agriculture]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1142738|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1142738/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Jos]]
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1412551|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1412551/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Calabar]]
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509289|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509289/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì ìlú Abùjá]]
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509297|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509297/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Ìpínlẹ̀ Gòmbè]]
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5581122|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5581122/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Nigerian Bar Association]]
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16933611|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16933611/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ìjọba Àpapọ̀ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà]]
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140995|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140995/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59536624|French Institute for Research in Africa]]''
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q59536624|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q59536624/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Àgbàjọ Tòkòwò àwọn Orílẹ̀-èdè Ìwọòrùn Áfríkà]]
| 3
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q193272|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q193272/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Nnamdi Azikiwe]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140900|20]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140900/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7032918|Nigerian Institute of International Affairs]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032918|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032918/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Redeemer's University Nigeria]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7305700|10]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7305700/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104224086|Linguistic Association of Nigeria]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224086|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224086/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Ìpínlẹ̀ Ábíá]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509319|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509319/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6966612|Nasarawa State University]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6966612|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6966612/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6974165|National Library of Nigeria]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974165|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974165/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104844764|Librarians' Registration Council of Nigeria]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104844764|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104844764/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4689777|African Groundnut Council]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689777|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689777/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Koladaisi]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q55394436|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q55394436/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17091804|Nigerian Institute of Management]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17091804|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17091804/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17929225|Ignatius Ajuru University of Education]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17929225|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17929225/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q24254508|Edo State University]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q24254508|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q24254508/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6974654|National Open University of Nigeria]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974654|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974654/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7895014|Ekiti State University]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895014|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895014/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta|Yunifasiti apapo ti Ogbin, Abeokuta]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895022|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895022/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Usman Dan Fodio]]
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7902729|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7902729/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19599670|College of Medicine, University of Ibadan]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19599670|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19599670/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásitì ìpínlè Kwara]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16734211|71]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16734211/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1951159|Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1951159|27]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1951159/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18207057|Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18207057|21]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18207057/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7984264|West African Pilot]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7984264|18]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7984264/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q131935571|Rivers State College of Education]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q131935571|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q131935571/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7338307|Rivers State government]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7338307|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7338307/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100947155|Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947155|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947155/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Nigerian Television Authority]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3341382|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3341382/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5440356|Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440356|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440356/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106181847|Daily Trust]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106181847|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106181847/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6344671|Kachifo Limited]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6344671|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6344671/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6797236|Mayflower School]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6797236|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6797236/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q84557195|Polytechnic of Ibadan, Library]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q84557195|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q84557195/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ile-iwe Girama Ibadan]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20065273|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20065273/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Federal University Kashere]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260381|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260381/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Daily Times]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5209383|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5209383/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108884970|University of Nigeria, Nsukka library]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108884970|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108884970/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q125924402|Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q125924402|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q125924402/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ilé-ẹjọ́ àgbà|Ilé-ẹjọ́ Gígajùlọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509369|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509369/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásitì Adekunle Ajasin|Yunifásítì ti Adekunle Ajasin]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4681526|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4681526/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5322769|Bingham University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5322769|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5322769/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5440303|Federal Ministry of Health]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440303|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440303/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Babcock University]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q653638|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q653638/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7032755|Niger Delta University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032755|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032755/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7032906|Nigerian Federal Ministry of Information and Communications]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032906|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032906/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7988329|Western State]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7988329|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7988329/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q86347000|Anambra State Library Board, central library]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86347000|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86347000/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105544769|Kano State Government]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105544769|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105544769/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107477946|College of Education, Warri]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107477946|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107477946/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17091794|Independent National Electoral Commission]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17091794|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17091794/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25043045|Lagos State Government]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q25043045|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q25043045/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3698044|Nigerian Red Cross Society]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3698044|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3698044/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65084726|Nigerian Society of Engineers]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65084726|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65084726/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Nigerian Defence Academy|Akádẹ́mì àbò asà Nàìjíríà]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032895|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032895/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Union Bank of Nigeria]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7885401|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7885401/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100943604|Ebonyi State University Faculty of Clinical Medicine]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100943604|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100943604/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100945302|Redeemer's University College of Natural Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100945302|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100945302/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100946962|Federal University of Technology Akure School of Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100946962|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100946962/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100947288|University of Jos Faculty of Natural Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947288|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947288/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[The Initiative For Equal Rights]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100956041|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100956041/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q101546378|Niger state government]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q101546378|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q101546378/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104089551|Delta State University Teaching Hospital]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104089551|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104089551/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104224094|Jos Linguistic Circle]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224094|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224094/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q104224385|National Institute for Nigerian Languages]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224385|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224385/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105081706|Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105081706|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105081706/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106080093|Federal Department of Forest Research]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106080093|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106080093/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q107478052|Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107478052|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107478052/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q108885072|Nimbe Adedipe Library]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108885072|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108885072/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q112252191|Anambra State College of Health Technology, Obosi]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q112252191|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q112252191/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q117836812|University of Africa, Toru-Orua]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117836812|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117836812/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q121159438|Nigeria environmental society]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121159438|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121159438/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q123035701|Teachers Registration Council of Nigeria]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q123035701|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q123035701/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q133885107|Nigerian Academy of Education]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q133885107|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q133885107/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q134564344|National Institute for Police Studies]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q134564344|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q134564344/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q140794259|Reformed Theological Seminary, Mkar]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q140794259|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q140794259/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15043613|Prince Abubakar Audu University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15043613|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15043613/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1671299|Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1671299|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1671299/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Igbobi College]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733645|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733645/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Asiwaju City University]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733761|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733761/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Ajagun Ojúòfurufú Nàìjíríà]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1707397|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1707397/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q17929219|Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17929219|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17929219/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18354916|Federal University, Birnin Kebbi]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354916|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354916/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Federal University, Gusau]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354935|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354935/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20990740|Administrative Staff College of Nigeria]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20990740|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20990740/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23019261|Kaduna Polytechnic]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q23019261|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q23019261/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[College of Medcine, Lagos State University]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28406142|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28406142/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Lagos State University Teaching Hospital]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28449098|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28449098/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30254204|Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30254204|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30254204/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30260635|Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260635|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260635/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30267820|African Field Epidemiology Network]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30267820|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30267820/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30282267|National Veterinary Research Institute]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282267|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282267/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Abubakar Tafawa Balewa]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4670504|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4670504/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4671154|Academic Staff Union of Universities]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4671154|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4671154/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Ambrose Alli]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4741757|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4741757/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Ìpínlẹ̀ Bẹ́núé]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4890689|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4890689/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5440481|Federal University of Lafia]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440481|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440481/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Yunifásítì Tẹknọ́lọ́jì Àpapọ̀ ilú Àkúrẹ́]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440486|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440486/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Al-Qalam University|Al-Qalam University, Katsina]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6378037|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6378037/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q65951953|Nigerian Young Academy]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65951953|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65951953/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6728391|Madonna University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6728391|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6728391/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6833225|Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6833225|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6833225/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[National Hospital, Abuja|National Hospital]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6973410|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6973410/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7032921|Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Asaba]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032921|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032921/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7032926|Nigerian Medical Association]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032926|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032926/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7060262|Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7060262|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7060262/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Queen's college, Lagos]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7269950|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7269950/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[Rufus Giwa Polytechnic]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7378040|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7378040/missing|📖]]
|-
| [[The Guardian (Nigeria)]]
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7738431|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7738431/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7782222|Theological College of Northern Nigeria]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7782222|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7782222/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q86345890|Micheal Okpara University of Agriculture Library]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86345890|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86345890/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q93945846|Nigerian Union of Journalists]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q93945846|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q93945846/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96394946|National Centre for Women Development]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96394946|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96394946/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96576558|Classical Association of Nigeria]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96576558|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96576558/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q97356654|ECWA Theological Seminary]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q97356654|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q97356654/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q98955788|Nigerian Army University Biu]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q98955788|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q98955788/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99285477|University of Nigeria - Enugu Campus]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99285477|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99285477/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99298825|Babcock University Benjamin Carson Senior School of Medicine]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298825|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298825/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q99298839|Usmanu Danfodiyo University College of Health Sciences]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298839|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298839/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>pohtreaurab3efkgo36ehos4x76g35t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Ugandan universities et al</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>68369</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637708</id>
      <parentid>636042</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:11:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>637708</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6518" sha1="qn55we6glntzxv6j1ik4idspzm1d8t1" xml:space="preserve">The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q1036 Scholia for Uganda]

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT
  ?number_of_authors
  ?number_of_works
  ?item
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/organization/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing|📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WITH {  
  SELECT
    ?item
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors)
    (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works)
  WHERE {
    ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q1036 .
    ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item .
    ?work wdt:P50 ?author .
  }
  GROUP BY ?item 
} AS %results
WHERE {
  INCLUDE %results
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language &quot;[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh&quot;. }
}
ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia

|columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Organization
! Number of authors
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| ''[[:d:Q261506|Makerere University]]''
| 19
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q261506|23]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q261506/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]''
| 4
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2753927|Kyambogo University]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2753927|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2753927/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q137661715|Worship Harvest Ministries]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q137661715|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q137661715/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138788211|12th Parliament of Uganda]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q138788211|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q138788211/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6739289|Makerere University College of Health Sciences]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739289|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739289/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6739292|Makerere University School of Public Health]]''
| 2
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739292|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6739292/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4917719|Bishop Stuart University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4917719|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4917719/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7877609|Uganda Martyrs University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877609|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877609/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q103019028|MRC/UVRI Uganda Research Unit On AIDS]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103019028|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q103019028/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136180867|Femrite- Uganda Women Writers Association]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q136180867|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q136180867/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q106380835|Hamz App]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106380835|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106380835/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15262105|New Vision Group]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15262105|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15262105/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19903271|Fountain Publishers]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19903271|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19903271/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28223289|Ministry of Health]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28223289|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28223289/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7589504|St. Lawrence University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7589504|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7589504/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q100948019|Makerere University School of Education]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100948019|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100948019/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q115241692|The Uganda Society]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q115241692|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q115241692/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q121145240|Uganda Library and Information Association]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121145240|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121145240/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q130882836|Afya na Haki Institute]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q130882836|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q130882836/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q14956750|Mulago Hospital]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q14956750|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q14956750/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16902646|Victoria University]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16902646|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16902646/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18351712|Insurance Regulatory Authority of Uganda]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18351712|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18351712/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28232201|Uganda Electricity Distribution Company Limited]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28232201|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28232201/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30261875|National Agricultural Research Organisation]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30261875|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30261875/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30262098|Uganda Industrial Research Institute]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262098|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262098/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30267820|African Field Epidemiology Network]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30267820|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30267820/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30296330|Rakai Health Sciences Program]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30296330|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30296330/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5158982|Islamic University in Uganda]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5158982|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5158982/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60746495|Uganda National Examinations Board]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q60746495|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q60746495/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7877634|Uganda Virus Research Institute]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877634|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7877634/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q954747|East African Airways]]''
| 1
| [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>qn55we6glntzxv6j1ik4idspzm1d8t1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Manning Marable</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>69108</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637817</id>
      <parentid>579101</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:36:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637817</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2957" sha1="k5ruc99vnzda9wf3foximiux0jg4zpi" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
|name = Manning Marable
|image = Manning Marable by David Shankbone.jpg
|caption = Marable in 2007
|birth_name=William Manning Marable
|birth_date = {{Birth date|mf=yes|1950|5|13}}
|birth_place = [[Dayton, Ohio]], U.S.
|death_date = {{Death date and age|mf=yes|2011|4|1|1950|5|13}}
|death_place = [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]], U.S.
|spouse = Leith Mullings
|residence = 
|citizenship = 
|alma_mater = {{ubl | [[Earlham College]] | University of Wisconsin | [[University of Maryland]]}}
|known_for = 
|awards = 
|signature = 
}}

'''William Manning Marable''' (May 13, 1950 – April 1, 2011)&lt;ref name=&quot;nytobit&quot;/&gt; ọ̀mọ̀wé ará [[United States|Amẹ́ríkà]]. Marable jẹ́ ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n [[public policy|ètò ìgboro]], ìtàn àti [[African-American Studies|Àwọn Ẹ̀kọ́ àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]] ní [[Yunifásítì Kòlúmbíà]].&lt;ref name=&quot;nytobit&quot;&gt;Grimes, William. [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/02/arts/manning-marable-60-historian-and-social-critic.html &quot;Manning Marable, Historian and Social Critic, Dies at 60&quot;], ''[[New York Times]]'', April 1, 2011. Retrieved April 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; Marable ló jẹ́ ọlùdásílẹ̀ àti olùdarí Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ fún Ìwadìí nínú [[African American studies|àwọn Ẹ̀kọ́ àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://iraas.columbia.edu/about/founding-director|title=FOUNDING DIRECTOR {{!}} IRAAS Institute for Research in African-American Studies|website=iraas.columbia.edu|language=en|access-date=2017-05-10|archive-date=2017-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170502233136/http://iraas.columbia.edu/about/founding-director|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó kọ ìwé tó pọ̀, ó sì kópa nínú akitiyan òṣèlú [[progressivism|onílọsíwájú]]. Kí ó tó kú ní ọdún 2011, ó ti parí ìwé-ìgbésíayè lórí [[Malcolm X]] tí àkọlẹ́ rẹ̀ únjẹ́ ''[[Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention]]'' (2011),&lt;ref&gt;Goodman, Amy. [http://www.democracynow.org/2007/5/21/manning_marable_on_malcolm_x_a Manning Marable on &quot;Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention&quot;] via ''[[Democracy Now!]]'', May 21, 2007. Retrieved April 2, 2011&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí Marable gba [[Pulitzer Prize for History|Ẹ̀bùn Pulitzer fún Ìtàn]] fún ní ọdún 2012 lẹ́yìn tí ọ́ kú.&lt;ref name=Pulitzer&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/the-late-manning-marable-wins-history-pulitzer-no-fiction-award-for-first-time-in-35-years/2012/04/16/gIQADJIzLT_story.html |title=The late Manning Marable wins history Pulitzer; no fiction prize given |agency=Associated Press |work=The Washington Post |date=April 16, 2012 |accessdate=April 16, 2012 }} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{reflist}}

{{igbesiaye|1950|2011|}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Amẹ́ríkà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>k5ruc99vnzda9wf3foximiux0jg4zpi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Adeola Fayehun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>69225</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637704</id>
      <parentid>614296</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T01:24:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637704</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10964" sha1="26wl0lpk990r6s5z3882nlpq90pympt" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Nigerian journalist|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{Infobox person|name=Adeola Fayehun|image=|alt=Adeola Fayehun|caption=|birth_name=Adeola Oladele Fayehun|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1984|07|06}}|birth_place=[[Nigeria]]|nationality=[[Nigerian people|Nigerian]]|other_names=Eunice Fayehun|occupation=Journalist|years_active=2011-present|education=[[Olivet College]] (B.A., 2007)|known_for=''Keeping It Real with Adeola!''|notable_works=|website={{URL|adeolafayehun.com/}}}}
'''Adeola Eunice Oladele Fayehun''' (bíi ni ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù keje ọdún 1984) jẹ́ ọmọ Nàìjíríà, ó sì jẹ oniroyin  tí ó má ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa àwọn ohun tí ó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ sí àwọn ọmọ ẹ̀yà Áfríkà.&lt;ref name=&quot;LennyLetter-Interview-2016&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Snow|first1=Jackie|title=Meet Adeola, Nigeria's Jon Stewart: An interview with Adeola Fayehun, the host of Nigeria's Keeping It Real with Adeola|url=http://www.lennyletter.com/culture/a295/meet-adeola-nigerias-jon-stewart/|accessdate=9 March 2016|work=[[Lenny Letter]]|date=9 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310023004/http://www.lennyletter.com/culture/a295/meet-adeola-nigerias-jon-stewart/|archive-date=10 March 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;VoAmerica-StraightTalkAfrica-2015&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Ssali|first1=Shaka|title=Straight Talk Africa: Adeola Fayehun, Host of Sahara TV's &quot;Keeping It Real with Adeola&quot;|url=http://www.voanews.com/media/video/2766409.html|accessdate=14 March 2016|work=[[Voice of America News]]|date=13 May 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Vanguard News 2017&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Just in: Adeola of Sahara Reporters quits Sahara TV | website=Vanguard News | date=November 1, 2017 | url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/11/just-adeola-sahara-reporters-quits-sahara-tv/ | access-date=May 30, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ ayé àti ètò-ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n bí Adeola sì Nàìjíríà, òun sì ni àbíkẹ́yìn nínú àwọn ọmọ márùn-ún tí àwọn òbí rẹ bí.&lt;ref name=&quot;ForeignPressAssoc-Winners-2008&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Scholarship Winners 2008|url=http://www.foreignpressassociation.org/scholarship/scholarship-winners-2008/|website=Foreign Press Association|accessdate=9 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310081702/http://www.foreignpressassociation.org/scholarship/scholarship-winners-2008/|archive-date=10 March 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn òbí rẹ ni Rev. Dr. Solomon Ajayi Oladele ati Margaret Ibiladun Oladele. Ní ọdún 2013, ó lọ sí ilé ẹ̀kọ́ gíga tí Olivet College ni Michigan ni orile-ede United States of America, nibe sì ni ó ti gboyè nínú ìmọ̀ Mass communications àti Journalism ni ọdún 2007.&lt;ref name=&quot;OlivetCollege-FoundersDay-2015&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Olivet College to celebrate Founders' Day Feb. 18|url=http://www.olivetcollege.edu/news/olivet-college-celebrate-founders%E2%80%99-day-feb-18|website=[[Olivet College]]|accessdate=14 March 2016|date=2 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315032655/http://www.olivetcollege.edu/news/olivet-college-celebrate-founders%E2%80%99-day-feb-18|archive-date=15 March 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NaijaEnterprise-CareerSpotlight-2015&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Career Spotlight: Adeola Fayehun, Journalist|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IXdPeH2H6Nw|website=Naija Enterprise|accessdate=14 March 2016|date=25 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2008, ó gboyè masters degree láti ilé ẹ̀kọ́ CUNY Graduate School of Journalism.&lt;ref name=&quot;PremiumTimes-Meet-2013&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Olumhense|first1=Eseosa|title=Meet the Nigerian Face Behind one of Africa's Most Popular News Satires|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/143341-meet-the-nigerian-face-behind-one-of-africas-most-popular-news-satires.html|accessdate=9 March 2016|work=[[Premium Times]]|date=24 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ==
Adeola bẹ́ẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí a gbèrò yín jáde ni CUNY TV.&lt;ref name=&quot;PremiumTimes-Meet-2013&quot; /&gt; Ní oṣù kokanla ọdún 2011, bẹ́ẹ̀rẹ̀ ètò ìròyìn ''Keeping it real with Adeola!''.&lt;ref name=&quot;DarasimiOshodi-BadGirl-2014&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Oshodi|first1=Darasimi|title=Adeola Fayehun, the 'bad girl' of Nigerian TV|url=http://darasimioshodi.blogspot.com/2014/01/adeola-fayehun-bad-girl-of-nigerian-tv.html|publisher=Inspirational Bursts: Darasimi Oshodi|accessdate=14 March 2016|date=27 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;VoAmerica-StraightTalkAfrica-2014&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Ssali|first1=Shaka|title=Straight Talk Africa: Adeola Fayehun, Host of Sahara TV's &quot;Keeping It Real with Adeola&quot;|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vy8u7YCeR-k|accessdate=14 March 2016|work=[[Voice of America News]]|date=5 March 2014|quote=Interview starts at 5:14}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ó tún sì ṣé fún ilé iṣẹ́ The Nation tí ó má ń ṣe ìwé ìròyìn ni Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://nehandaradio.com/2015/06/02/meet-the-woman-who-embarrassed-mugabe-in-nigeria/|title=Meet the woman who embarrassed Mugabe in Nigeria|date=2015-06-02|website=Nehanda Radio|access-date=2017-08-01|archive-date=2017-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801201706/http://nehandaradio.com/2015/06/02/meet-the-woman-who-embarrassed-mugabe-in-nigeria/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Óun ló dá ''African Spotlight'' kalẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;AfricanSpotlight-About&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=About|url=http://africanspotlight.com/about/|website=African Spotlight|accessdate=9 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309175341/http://africanspotlight.com/about/|archive-date=9 March 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Ní ọdún 2015, ohùn àti Omoyele Sowore jọ ṣe ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nurọ̀ fún olórí orílẹ̀-èdè Zimbabwe, Robert Mugabe, wọn si béèrè pé ìgbà wo ni ó fé fí ipò olórí orílè-èdè sílẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;SaharaTV-Mugabe-2015&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Fayehun|first1=Adeola|title=SaharaReporters Crew Encounter With Pres. Robert Mugabe In Nigeria|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L95kciDCBfw|website=[[Sahara Reporters|SaharaTV]]|accessdate=9 March 2016|date=31 May 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian-Mugabe-2015&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Thamm|first1=Marianne|title=Nigeria's favourite satirist goes global after ambushing Robert Mugabe|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/05/nigeria-satirist-adeola-fayehun-robert-mugabe-ambush|accessdate=9 March 2016|work=Daily Maverick - Guardian Africa network|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|date=5 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Telegraph-Mugabe-2015&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Freeman|first1=Colin|title=How a Nigerian television reporter brought Robert Mugabe to account: TV journalist Adeola Fayehun ambushes Zimbabwean leader and asks why him he hasn't stepped down|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/zimbabwe/11647333/How-a-Nigerian-television-reporter-brought-Robert-Mugabe-to-account.html|accessdate=9 March 2016|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=3 June 2015|archivedate=18 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118123440/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/zimbabwe/11647333/How-a-Nigerian-television-reporter-brought-Robert-Mugabe-to-account.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2013, ó ṣe ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nurọ̀ fún olórí orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tẹ́lẹ̀, Goodluck Jonathan ni ojú títí New York, ó sì béèrè pé kí ni Jonathan ṣe nípa ọ̀rọ̀ àwọn Boko Haram tí ó da ìlú rú.&lt;ref name=&quot;SaharaTV-GoodluckJonathan-2013&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Fayehun|first1=Adeola|title=SaharaTV Interview with Goodluck Jonathan On The Streets Of New York|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DfvrJAefdBs|website=[[Sahara Reporters|SaharaTV]]|accessdate=9 March 2016|date=24 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adeola si ṣé pelu Sahara Reporters, ó sì má ń ba wọn kọ nípa oselu ilé Áfríkà. Ó ṣe ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nurọ̀ fún olórí àti igbá kejì olórí orílè-èdè Nàìjíríà ni ọdún 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;SaharaTV-MuhammaduBuhari-2015&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Fayehun|first1=Adeola|title=Adeola Fayehun Interviews President Buhari|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUmfcxCG7kw|website=[[Sahara Reporters|SaharaTV]]|accessdate=14 March 2016|date=29 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SaharaTV-YemiOsinbajo-2015&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Fayehun|first1=Adeola|title=SaharaTV Exclusive Interview With Vice President Yemi Osinbajo|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pHRX_95ccms|website=[[Sahara Reporters|SaharaTV]]|accessdate=14 March 2016|date=1 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2011, ó fẹ́ Victor Fayehun ni Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref name=&quot;FPANews-Chronicle-2011&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Adams|first1=Suzanne|title=Chronicle|journal=FPA News|date=February 2011|volume=237|issue=93|page=4|url=http://www.foreignpressassociation.org/fpa/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/NL_2011_931.pdf|accessdate=9 March 2016|publisher=Foreign Press Association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310131754/http://www.foreignpressassociation.org/fpa/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/NL_2011_931.pdf|archive-date=10 March 2016|url-status=dead|archivedate=10 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310131754/http://www.foreignpressassociation.org/fpa/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/NL_2011_931.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òun àti ọkọ rẹ̀ jọ dá KIRWA foundation kalẹ̀ láti lè pèsè fún àwọn tí ó ní àìsàn ni Áfríkà.&lt;ref name=&quot;KIRWAFoundation-About&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=About|url=http://www.kirwafoundation.org/#!about/cjg9|website=KIRWA Foundation|accessdate=9 March 2016|archive-date=10 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310021036/http://www.kirwafoundation.org/#!about/cjg9|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ẹ̀bùn ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders sortable&quot;
!Year
!Award
!Category
!Result
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |2008
|Foreign Press Association, New York, NY
|Outstanding Academic And Professional Achievement
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;ForeignPressAssoc-Winners-2008&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |2014
|Ethiopian Satellite News Network (ESAT), Washington DC
|Excellence In Journalism For Democracy Award{{Won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;ESAT-Speech-2014&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Fikir|first1=Dudi|title=Ethiopia: Adeola speech at ESAT 4th year anniversary|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHdGQjC8Sqk|website=Ethiopian Satellite Television, ESAT|accessdate=9 March 2016|date=21 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2015
|CUNY Graduate School of Journalism
|Best One Woman Show
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;LennyLetter-Interview-2016&quot; /&gt;
|}


== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fayehun, Adeola}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:CUNY Graduate School of Journalism alumni]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Olivet College alumni]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Nigerian women journalists]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Yoruba journalists]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1984]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Nigerian YouTubers]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Nigerian expatriates in the United States]]</text>
      <sha1>26wl0lpk990r6s5z3882nlpq90pympt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Isioma Daniel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>69262</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637777</id>
      <parentid>620663</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:59:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637777</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5497" sha1="s13jqlgpcsx4g031o60mnhk7p660atk" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Nigerian journalist|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{Infobox person|name=Isioma Daniel|title=|agent=|credits=Newspaper journalist whose column became the catalyst for religious violence in Nigeria, and who subsequently had to flee the country.|networth=|salary=|relatives=|children=|spouse=|family=|status=|image=Isioma Daniel.jpg|alias=|occupation=[[journalist|Newspaper journalist]]|education=journalism and politics at [[University of Central Lancashire]]|death_place=|death_date=|age=|birth_place=[[Nigeria]]|birth_date=1981|birthname=Isioma Nkemdilim Nkiruka Daniel|URL=}}
'''Isioma Nkemdilim Nkiruka Daniel''' (bíi ni 1981) jẹ́ oniroyin ọmọ Nàìjíríà. Ó fi èsì sì ìròyìn nípa Obìnrin tí ó rẹwà jùlọ ni àgbáyé, èyí ló fà tí àwọn kí àwọn [[Mùsùlùmí]] fi sọ wípé kí wọn pá.
Isioma lọ sí ilé ẹ̀kọ́ gíga tí University of Central Lancashire níbi tí ó tí gboyè nínú ìròyìn àti òṣèlú ni ọdún 2001.&lt;ref name=&quot;guardian_fatwa&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=James|last=Astill|author2=Bowcott, Owen|title=Fatwa is issued on Nigerian journalist|url=https://www.theguardian.com/international/story/0,3604,848553,00.html|work=[[Guardian Unlimited]]|date=November 27, 2002|accessdate=2007-07-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cbc_naivety&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Isioma|last=Daniel|title=Naivety... the root of all evil|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sunday/isioma_dec9_04.html|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]|date=December 9, 2004|accessdate=2007-07-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070523103115/http://www.cbc.ca/sunday/isioma_dec9_04.html|archivedate=May 23, 2007|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó bẹ́ẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ ìròyìn ni ThisDay tí ó ń ṣe ìwé ìròyìn jáde ní ìpínlè Èkó. Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin dínlógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2002, ó fi èsì sì ìtàkò àwọn Mùsùlùmí nípa ìdíje obìnrin tí ó rẹwà jùlọ ni àgbáyé tí wọn fẹ ṣe ni ọdún yẹn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|title=Talkabout Africa exclusive: Isioma Daniel has no regrets|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=13 March 2003|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice///pressreleases/stories//2003/03_march/13/ws_talkabout_africa.shtml|accessdate=2007-07-21|archive-date=2012-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111013146/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice///pressreleases/stories//2003/03_march/13/ws_talkabout_africa.shtml|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó sọ wípé àwọn Mùsùlùmí sọ wípé kò dára kí wọn kó àwọn obìnrin méjìlélọ́gọ́run papọ̀ láti wo ẹni tí ó dára jù lọ, ó ní pe ká ní Mohammed wá láyé ní, ó má mú ìkan lára àwọn obìnrin náà fi ṣe aya. Ọ̀rọ̀ yi lọ fà ìjà ẹ̀ṣìn tí ó pá ẹ̀yán tó lè ní igbá,&lt;ref name=&quot;guardian_match&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Isioma|last=Daniel|title='I lit the match'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/g2/story/0,3604,896926,00.html|work=[[Guardian Unlimited]]|date=February 17, 2003|accessdate=2007-07-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí àwọn ẹgbẹ̀rún eyàn sì farapa, ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn eyàn sì pàdánù ilé wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc_fatwa&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Nigerian Government rejects 'fatwa'|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2514821.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=26 November 2002|accessdate=2007-07-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọn dáná sì Ilé iṣẹ́ ThisDay ni ìpínlè Kaduna lẹ́yìn tí ilé iṣẹ́ náà tí bẹ̀bẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc_apology&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Nigerian paper's apology|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2502571.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=22 November 2002|accessdate=2007-07-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Daniel fi ilé iṣẹ́ ìwé ìròyìn náà sílẹ̀ ni ọjọ́ kejì, ó sì lọ sí orílẹ̀ èdè [[Benin]]. Ní ọjọ́ kẹrindínlọ́gbọ́n oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2002, ìjọba Mùsùlùmí  sọ wípé kò sì ẹ̀sẹ̀ tí ẹnikẹ́ni bá pa Isioma Daniel. Igbá kejì gómìnà tí ìpínlè Zamfara, Mamuda Aliyu Shinkafi sọ wípé tí Mùsùlùmí kàn bá rí Isioma Daniel, pé kí wọn pá, pé iṣẹ́ ẹ̀ṣìn ni wọ́n ṣe pé kò sí ẹ̀sẹ̀ níbè. Ijoba Nàìjíríà sọ wípé ìdájọ́ naa ko ba òfin mu.&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc_controversy&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Keith|last=Somerville|title=Controversy over Nigerian fatwa|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2519595.stm|work=[[BBC News]]|date=27 November 2002|accessdate=2007-07-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Akọwe àgbà tí Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs, [[Lateef Adegbite]] sọ wípé kí wọn má tẹ̀lé ìdájọ́ pé kí wọn pá Daniel, nítorí kò kín ṣe Mùsùlùmí, bẹẹni ilé iṣẹ́ igberoyin jáde náà tí bẹ̀bẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2joqx6vG74cC&amp;pg=PA152|page=152|title=Islamic Criminal Law in Northern Nigeria : Politics, Religion, Judicial Practice|author=Weimann, Gunnar J.|publisher=Amsterdam University Press|year=2010|ISBN=90-5629-655-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Daniel, Isioma}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1981]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Alumni of the University of Central Lancashire]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Fatwas]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Islam-related controversies]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Nigerian expatriates in the United Kingdom]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Nigerian newspaper journalists]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:People from Lagos]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Nigerian refugees]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Place of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Nigerian women journalists]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:21st-century journalists]]</text>
      <sha1>s13jqlgpcsx4g031o60mnhk7p660atk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Amarachi Nwosu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>69265</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637713</id>
      <parentid>612466</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:24:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637713</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10796" sha1="safdyh28c90dr5mmquwu8wcf3miakkr" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Amarachi Nwosu|works=Black In Tokyo|website={{url|https://www.amarachinwosu.com}}|occupation=Photographer, film maker|partner=|awards=|influenced=|patrons=|movement=|image=Amarachi-Nwoso-2.jpg|training=|nationality=[[Nigerian]]-[[Americans|American]]|birth_place=[[Washington, D.C.]], U.S|birth_date={{birth-date and age|29 September 1994}}|birth_name=|caption=|imagesize=&lt;!-- only needed for images less than 200px and don't mention px --&gt;|education=[[Temple University]]}}
'''Amarachi Nwosu''' (bíi ni ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógbọ̀n oṣù Kẹ̀sán ọdún 1994) jẹ́ ayàwòrán, eléré àti akọ̀wé.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/vogueworld/article/photographer-amarachi-nwosu-sankofa-photo-exhibhit-interview|title=Meet the Nigerian-American Photographer Tackling Fashion’s Complicated Relationship With Race|last=Nast|first=Condé|website=Vogue|language=en|access-date=2019-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://100women.okayafrica.com/editorial/amarachinwosu|title=Amarachi Nwosu|website=OKAYAFRICA's 100 WOMEN|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-08|archive-date=2021-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210311030341/https://100women.okayafrica.com/editorial/amarachinwosu|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ilẹ̀ Nàìjíríà. Òun ni oludasile ''Melanie Unscripted''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/photographer-documentarian-black-in-tokyo-amarachi-nwosu-9-to-5|title=9-to-5: A Jet-Setting Documentarian Shares Her Tokyo Shopping Tips and the Secrets Behind Her Style|website=Vogue|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://globalvoices.org/2018/03/04/black-in-tokyo-a-documentary-about-life-in-japan/|title=Global Voices - Black In Tokyo: a Documentary About Life in Japan|last=Johnmarlon|date=2018-03-04|website=Global Voices|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Eré ìtàn, ''Black in Tokyo'' tí ó ṣe tí farahàn ni ''International Centre of Photography'' ni ọdún 2017 ni ìlú New York , ó sì tí farahàn ni Ultra Super New Gallery ni ìlú Harajaku.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeout.com/tokyo/things-to-do/i-tokyo-amarachi-nwosu|title=I, Tokyo: Amarachi Nwosu|website=Time Out Tokyo|language=en|access-date=2019-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ebony.com/life/black-in-tokyo-filmmaker/|title=Filmmaker Seeks to Use Movies to Impact Cultural Representation|last=Jamison|first=Shantell E.|date=2017-12-08|website=EBONY|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mic.com/articles/186477/filmmaker-amarachi-nwosu-explores-beauty-and-being-black-in-tokyo|title=Filmmaker Amarachi Nwosu explores beauty and being black in Tokyo|website=Mic|language=en|access-date=2019-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ ayé àti ètò-ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ==
Àwọn òbí Amarachi jẹ́ ọmọ íbò.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://hypebae.com/2017/12/black-in-tokyo-documentary-watch-amarachi-nwosu-interview|title='Black in Tokyo' Explores Life as a Black Person Living in Japan|website=HYPEBAE|access-date=2019-08-12|archive-date=2020-11-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125060204/https://hypebae.com/2017/12/black-in-tokyo-documentary-watch-amarachi-nwosu-interview|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó lọ sí ilé ẹ̀kọ́ gíga tí ''Temple University'' ni ilẹ̀ Philadelphia.

== Iṣẹ́ ==
Ní ọdún 2019, Malala Yousafzai tí ó gbà ẹ̀bùn Nobel laureate youngest winner péè Nwosu láti ya àwọn àwòrán ní ìrìnàjò rẹ sì [[Tokyo]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/03/23/national/tokyo-summit-malala-yousafzai-urges-world-leaders-expand-educational-opportunities-women/|title=At Tokyo summit, Malala Yousafzai urges world leaders to expand educational opportunities for women|last=Murakami|first=Sakura|date=2019-03-23|work=The Japan Times Online|access-date=2019-08-12|language=en-US|issn=0447-5763}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://assembly.malala.org/stories/yuki-chizui-sushi-chef|title=Pioneering sushi chef Yuki Chizui is cutting away at Japan’s patriarchy, one sashimi at a time — Assembly {{!}} Malala Fund|website=Assembly|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;Òun ni ó ya àwòrán fún àwọn ẹ̀yán gbajúmọ̀ bii Náómì Campbell nígbà tí ó wà sì ìlú Èkó ni Nàìjíríà &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://en.vogue.me/fashion/naomi-campbell-imaan-hammam-arise-fashion-week/|title=Naomi Campbell and Imaan Hammam Take on Arise Fashion Week in Lagos|date=2018-04-09|website=Vogue Arabia|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/pulse-interview-amarachi-nwosu-speaks-on-nigerias-creative-renaissance-and-using/vn0rmjy|title=Amarachi Nwosu speaks on Nigeria's creative renaissance and using visual storytelling to create diverse narratives|date=2018-05-25|website=www.pulse.ng|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-12|archive-date=2019-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812013332/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/food-travel/pulse-interview-amarachi-nwosu-speaks-on-nigerias-creative-renaissance-and-using/vn0rmjy|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Ebonee Davis.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/ebonee-davis-reclaiming-her-african-141712834.html|title=Ebonee Davis on Reclaiming Her African Identity and Seeing Ghana for the First Time|website=www.yahoo.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-12|archive-date=2019-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812020831/https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/ebonee-davis-reclaiming-her-african-141712834.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó sì ti ṣe adarí fún àwọn ère kékeré fún àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bíi Nike ni Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/this-nike-short-highlights-the-power-of-women-soccer-players-in-nigeria/|title=This Nike Short Highlights the Power of Women Soccer Players In Nigeria|date=2019-07-31|website=OkayAfrica|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ti si ṣé pelu àwọn olórin bíi ''Mr Eazi, Yxng Bane, Nonso Amadi, Odunsi The Engine, Santi, Kwesi Arthur àti Tóbi Lou''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/kwesi-arthur-ghana-hip-hop-interview/|title=Kwesi Arthur, Ghana's King of the Youth, Wants to Take African Hip-Hop Global|date=2019-03-14|website=OkayAfrica|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/yxng-bane-afro-swing-visits-africa-first-time/|title=Yxng Bane Has No Other Competition But Himself|date=2018-01-11|website=OkayAfrica|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó si ṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bíi ayàwòrán fún Childish Gambino ni ọdún 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://africans-in-america.com/2019/02/12/meet-ibra-ake-the-nigerian-american-who-produced-childish-gambinos-this-is-america/|title=Meet Ibra Ake, the Nigerian-American who produced Childish Gambino's &quot;This is America&quot;|date=2019-02-12|website=Africans in America|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bet.com/shows/hip-hop-awards/2018/features/you-heard-it-here-first--top-5-illest-hip-hop-tours-of-2018.html?cid=facebook|title=You Heard It Here First: Top 5 Illest Hip-Hop Tours of 2018|website=BET.com|access-date=2019-08-12}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Òun ni ayàwòrán fún ètò ''The Fader'' tí wọn ṣe ni orílẹ̀ èdè [[Japan]].&lt;ref name=&quot;thefader.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2017/11/20/black-in-tokyo-documentary-interview|title=Watch Black in Tokyo, a short documentary about living in Japan as a black person|website=The FADER|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni ọdún 2017, òun àti Stella McCartney jọ ní àríyànjiyàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;essence.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.essence.com/fashion-week/stella-mccartney-african-cultural-appropriation/|title=Designer Stella McCartney Is Being Accused Of Cultural Appropriation|website=Essence|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;essence.com&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/stella-mccartney-cultural-appropriation_n_59d62f70e4b0becae802b7d0|title=People Are NOT Happy With Stella McCartney's Show Of African Prints|date=2017-10-05|website=HuffPost UK|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.iol.co.za/lifestyle/style-beauty/stella-mccartney-stole-our-look-11484129|title=Stella McCartney stole our look {{!}} IOL|website=www.iol.co.za|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/topics/life/culture/article/2017/10/05/stella-mccartney-accused-fashion-colonialism-after-showing-african-inspired|title=Stella McCartney accused of &quot;fashion colonialism&quot; after showing African-inspired prints|website=Topics|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201811300475.html|title=Africa: Old Traditions, New Labels|last=Naidoo|first=Charmain|date=2018-11-30|website=allAfrica.com|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://fashionista.com/2017/10/stella-mccartney-ankara-prints|title=Stella McCartney Is Under Fire for Using Ankara Prints|last=Bauck|first=Whitney|website=Fashionista|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://fortune.com/2018/03/07/raceahead-new-research-from-accenture-for-a-more-equitable-workplace/|title=raceAhead: New Research From Accenture For A More Equitable Workplace|website=Fortune|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/africans-mad-stella-mccartney-ripping-off-african/|title=Folks Are Mad At Stella McCartney For Ripping Off Designs That 'African Aunties' Have Been Wearing For Years|date=2017-10-03|website=OkayAfrica|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.konbini.com/ng/lifestyle/stella-mccartney-pissed-everyone-off/|title=Stella McCartney Has Pissed Africans Off (Again) With Their New Collection|last=Animashaun|first=Damilola|date=2017-10-03|website=Konbini Nigeria|language=en-NG|access-date=2019-08-12|archive-date=2019-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812023716/http://www.konbini.com/ng/lifestyle/stella-mccartney-pissed-everyone-off/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://thesource.com/2017/10/05/stella-mccartney-sparks-outrage-african-inspired-runway-looks/|title=Stella McCartney Sparks Outrage With African Inspired Runway Looks|last=sourcestaff|date=2017-10-05|website=The Source|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{reflist}}
{{igbesiaye|1994||Nwosu Amarachi}}
[[ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>safdyh28c90dr5mmquwu8wcf3miakkr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Oníṣe:GerardM/Algerian hospitals</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>69526</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637734</id>
      <parentid>635998</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:21:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ListeriaBot</username>
        <id>17294</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
      <origin>637734</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7129" sha1="luepkok17405suudkruw7ukqskq7qon" xml:space="preserve">{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT ?item WHERE {
  ?item wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q16917;
        wdt:P17 wd:Q262.
}
|section=
|sort=P131
|sort_order=asca
|columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P131:In administrative entity,P625:Geo Coordinate,P18:Image,P242:Locator map image
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! description
! Country
! In administrative entity
! Geo Coordinate
! Image
! Locator map image
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785616|Tililane Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| {{Coord|27.2271|-0.190705|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21619182|polyclinic in Algeria]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21619219|care room in Algeria]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28717388|مستشفى الشرطة]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q53583699|CHU de Mustapha Bacha]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q138794637|Mohamed Boudiaf Hospital in Relizane]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| {{Coord|35.732802|0.551101|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141345636|Hôpital militaire d'Oran]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| 
| {{Coord|35.636461|-0.673872|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785599|Adrar Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q251181|Adrar]]''
| {{Coord|27.8709|-0.281111|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Covid-19 Adrar City Hospital.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3145181|Mustapha Pacha Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| [[Algiers]]
| {{Coord|36.76|3.0517|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Mustapha Pasha hospital entrance.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q3591546|Établissement hospitalier spécialisé de Douera]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| [[Algiers]]
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43896359|Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Bab El Oued]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| [[Algiers]]
| {{Coord|36.794799|3.049482|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48758517|hôpital de Rouïba]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| [[Algiers]]
| {{Coord|36.733333|3.283333|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63984787|Aïn Naadja Military Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| [[Algiers]]
| {{Coord|36.718627|3.064251|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785601|Aougrout Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2642071|Aougrout]]''
| {{Coord|28.7056|0.341185|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785603|Aoulef Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q602548|Aoulef]]''
| {{Coord|26.9732|1.08851|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2310980|centre hospitalier universitaire de Batna]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q338844|Batna]]''
| {{Coord|35.5317|6.18942|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20725998|hôpital psychiatrique de Blida]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q216990|Blida]]''
| {{Coord|36.483486|2.79675|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Frantz Fanon hospital in 1933.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785605|Bordj Badji Mokhtar Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2535214|Bordj Badji Mokhtar]]''
| {{Coord|21.3312|0.960919|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785608|hôpital de Bordj Ménaïel]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2910781|Bordj Menaïel]]''
| {{Coord|36.7284|3.55727|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105846947|Mohamed Bouyahiaoui Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q770518|Boumerdès]]''
| {{Coord|36.756031|3.477343|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:OSPA Hôpital Mohamed Bouyahiaoui - Boumerdès- Kabylie - Algérie - مستشفى محمد بويحياوي - بومرداس.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19544775|Béchar Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q638704|Béchar]]''
| 
| [[Fáìlì:Taghit3.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23021567|hôpital Frantz Fanon]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q59975|Béjaïa]]''
| {{Coord|36.756227|5.083458|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hopital Frantz Fanon.JPG|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23021568|Frantz Fanon Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q59975|Béjaïa]]''
| {{Coord|36.754279|5.050273|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q105686723|Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Béjaïa]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q59975|Béjaïa]]''
| {{Coord|36.750456|5.040717|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25385366|Badj Sisters Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q849561|Chlef]]''
| {{Coord|36.159183|1.321285|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Entrée principale Hopital Soeur Bedj Chlef.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q30265311|Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Dr Benbadis Constantine]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q187346|Constantine]]''
| {{Coord|36.373611|6.61671|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785610|hôpital de Dellys]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q3021755|Dellys]]''
| {{Coord|36.7284|3.55727|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Dellys - Tadelles.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q74602110|مستشفى العلمة الجديد]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q401747|El Eulma]]''
| {{Coord|36.170194|5.6825|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51723054|المؤسسة العمومية الإستشفائية الحروش]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q947333|El Harrouch]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7894776|University Hospital Center of Oran]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q131818|Oran]]''
| {{Coord|35.693276|-0.639028|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q136242776|University Hospital Establishment of Oran]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q131818|Oran]]''
| {{Coord|35.699444|-0.582778|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785613|Reggane Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q582905|Reggane]]''
| {{Coord|26.7216|0.170134|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q16536874|Centre Pierre-et-Marie-Curie]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1650084|Sidi M'Hamed]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q141026|Algiers Province]]''
| {{Coord|36.762248|3.055074|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51721891|المؤسسة العمومية الإستشفائية تمالوس]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1650231|Tamalous]]''
| 
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785614|Thenia Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2225013|Thénia]]''
| {{Coord|36.7284|3.55727|display=inline}}
| [[Fáìlì:Hôpital de Thénia.jpg|center|128px]]
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785618|Timimoun Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q1021173|Timimoun]]''
| {{Coord|29.2558|0.234082|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18610933|centre hospitalier universitaire de Tizi Ouzou]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q277201|Tizi-Ouzou]]''
| {{Coord|36.7086|4.05519|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785624|hôpital Nedir Mohamed]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q277201|Tizi-Ouzou]]''
| {{Coord|36.7086|4.05519|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785625|hôpital Sidi Belloua]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q277201|Tizi-Ouzou]]''
| {{Coord|36.727|4.06613|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q141173680|Nouveau centre hospitalier universitaire de Tizi Ouzou]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q277201|Tizi-Ouzou]]''
| {{Coord|36.73707|4.006351|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18785621|Zaouiet Kounta Hospital]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2702097|Zaouiet Kounta]]''
| {{Coord|27.2271|-0.190705|display=inline}}
| 
| 
|-
| ''[[:d:Q120380043|hôpital des grands brûlés de Zéralda]]''
| 
| [[Àlgéríà]]
| ''[[:d:Q2215424|Zéralda]]''
| 
| 
| 
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>luepkok17405suudkruw7ukqskq7qon</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bode Akindele</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>69944</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637726</id>
      <parentid>575730</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T03:40:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637726</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2470" sha1="ee35fdcudih12yka9kytllcjvb98vx8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Bode Akindele|birth_date={{birth date|1933|06|02}}|birth_place=[[Oyo, Nigeria]]|death_date={{Death date and age|2020|06|29|1933|06|02}}|death_place=Apapa, [[Lagos State]], Nigeria|resting_place_coordinates=&lt;!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline}} --&gt;|occupation=Olokun-Owo ti o lami laaka, oludari ile ise Madandola Group ati ti Fairgate Properties|spouse=|children=[[Folake Coker]] &amp; Oladipo Akindele&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Segun |title=Billionaire businessman, Chief Bode Akindele is dead |url=https://www.thexpressng.com/2020/06/29/billionaire-businessman-chief-bode-akindele-is-dead/ |website=The Express NG |accessdate=30 June 2020 |archive-date=2 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702221616/https://www.thexpressng.com/2020/06/29/billionaire-businessman-chief-bode-akindele-is-dead/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;|parents={{Plainlist|
* Pa Joshua Laniyan Akindele
* Rabiatu Adedigba}}|relatives=|website={{URL|http://www.modandolagroups.com/}}|residence=}} 

Oloye '''Bode Akindele''' (2 June 1933 - 29 June 2020) jẹ onimọran ile-iṣẹ orilẹ-ede Naijiria kan ati '''Parakoyi''' ti ilu [[Ìbàdàn|Ibadanland]],  ti apapọ iye oro re to $ 1.19 bilionu, gẹgẹ bi iwadi ti Ventures Africa se ti won si gbe jade ni ọdun 2013 ninu iwe iroyin Daily Telegraph . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Burn-Callander|title=Africa boasts 55 billionaires from 10 countries|language=en-GB|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/rebecca-burn-callander/10361675/Africa-boasts-55-billionaires-from-10-countries.html|access-date=2020-06-30|archivedate=2020-06-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630173133/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/rebecca-burn-callander/10361675/Africa-boasts-55-billionaires-from-10-countries.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  O je eni ikerindinlogun  ti o lowo julo ni orile ede Naijiria gege bi BuzzNigeria ti se apejuwe.  Akindele ni oludasile ati Alaga ti Madandola Group, onisowo oju-omi, ile ise ti o n se orisirisi ohun elo, ti olu-ile ise re wa ni [[Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan|United Kingdom]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Oyewale 2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Oyewale | first=Wale | title=Renowned businessman, Bode Akindele, is dead | website=Punch Newspapers | date=2020-06-29 | url=https://punchng.com/renowned-businessman-bode-akindele-is-dead/ | access-date=2020-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Awọn itọkasi ==
{{Reflist}}
{{igbesiaye|1933|2020|Akindele Bode}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn oníṣòwò ará Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>ee35fdcudih12yka9kytllcjvb98vx8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ajàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19 ní orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70050</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637707</id>
      <parentid>628260</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:03:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637707</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="58221" sha1="jxbiej24w44lx3lhp3ovyx90h3eumvj" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Ongoing COVID-19 viral pandemic in Cotê d'Ivorie}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox pandemic
| name            = Àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19 ní orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast
| map1            = COVID-19 Pandémie coronavirus en Côte d'Ivoire par District.svg
| legend1         = Number of cases by District. {{legend|#800000|≥ 10 000}}{{legend|#AA0000|1 000 to 9 999}}{{legend|#D40000|500 to 999}}{{legend|#FF5555|100 to 499}}{{legend|#FFAAAA|10 to 99}}{{legend|#FFD5D5|1 to 9}}{{legend|#E6E6E6|0}}
| map2            = 
| legend2         = 
| map3            = 
| legend3         = 
| disease         = [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]]
| virus_strain    = [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2|SARS-CoV-2]]
| location        = Ivory Coast
| first_case      = [[Abidjan]]
| arrival_date    = 11 March 2020&lt;br /&gt;({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=3|day1=11|year1=2020|month2=|day2=|year2=}})
| origin          = [[Wuhan]], China
| recovery_cases  = 16,139 &lt;small&gt;(as of 28 August)
| deaths          = 115 &lt;small&gt;(as of 28 August)&lt;/small&gt;
| confirmed_cases = 17,702 &lt;small&gt;(as of 28 August)
| active_cases    = 1,448 &lt;small&gt;(as of 28 August)
| total_ili       = 
| website         = 
}}
'''Àjàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-19''' wo orílẹ̀-èdè [[Ivory Coast]] ní inú oṣù kẹ́ta ọdún 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2020-03-11|title=Premier cas de Covid-19 en Côte d'Ivoire|language=fr|work=Le Monde.fr|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/03/11/premier-cas-de-covid-19-en-cote-d-ivoire_6032649_3212.html|access-date=2020-05-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

__TOC__

== Bí ó ṣe bẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Ní ọjọ́ Kejìlá oṣù Kíní ọdún 2020, Àjọ ìṣọ̀kan tí ó ń rí sí ìlera ní àgbáyé fìdí àrùn Kòrónà tí a tún ń pè ní Kofid-19 ní orílẹ̀-m àgbáyé ní ọjọ́ Kejìlá oṣù Kínní ní ọdún 2020. Tí wọ́n sì fìdí rẹ̀ múlẹ̀ wípé àrùn yí bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ìlú kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní Wuhan, ní ẹkùn Hubei ní orílẹ̀-èdè China. Àmọ́ ó tó ọjọ́ Kẹtalélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2019 kí wọ́n tó fi tó àjọ ìṣòkan àgbáyé létí.&lt;ref name=Elsevier&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center |title=Novel Coronavirus Information Center |last=Elsevier |date= |website=Elsevier Connect|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130171622/https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center|archive-date=30 January 2020|access-date=15 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Reynolds4March2020&gt;{{Cite news |last=Reynolds |first=Matt |url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/china-coronavirus |title=What is coronavirus and how close is it to becoming a pandemic? |date=4 March 2020 |work=Wired UK|access-date=5 March 2020 |issn=1357-0978|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305104806/https://www.wired.co.uk/article/china-coronavirus|archive-date=5 March 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Imperial13March2020&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/196137/crunching-numbers-coronavirus/ |title=Crunching the numbers for coronavirus |website=Imperial News|access-date=15 March 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200319084913/https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/196137/crunching-numbers-coronavirus/|archive-date=19 March 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Gov.ukHCIDDef&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/high-consequence-infectious-diseases-hcid |title=High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their management in England |last= |first= |date= |website=GOV.UK |language=en|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200303051938/https://www.gov.uk/guidance/high-consequence-infectious-diseases-hcid|archive-date=3 March 2020|access-date=17 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=WFSA&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.wfsahq.org/resources/coronavirus |title=World Federation Of Societies of Anaesthesiologists – Coronavirus |last= |first= |date= |website=www.wfsahq.org|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200312233527/https://www.wfsahq.org/resources/coronavirus|archive-date=12 March 2020|access-date=15 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Imperial13March2020/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;''Future scenarios of the healthcare burden of COVID-19 in low- or middle-income countries'', [[MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis]] at [[Imperial College London]].&lt;/ref&gt;

Ètò ìkànìyàn olórí ò jorí tí ó yẹ kí ó wáyé ní orílẹ̀-èdè Côte d'Ivoire ní inú oṣù kẹrin ní ó ti ń kan ìjọba oril orílẹ̀-èdè náà lóminú bóyá yóò ṣe é ṣe látàrí ìbúr Ìbúrẹ́kẹ́ ajàkálẹ̀ àrùn aṣekú pani yí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=|first=|url=https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Census_COVID19_digital.pdf|title=Technical Brief on the Implications of COVID-19 on Census|publisher=UNFPA|year=2020|isbn=|location=|pages=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Bí ó ṣe ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àwọn àsìkò kọ̀ọ̀kan ==

{{COVID-19 pandemic data/Ivory Coast medical cases chart}}
=== Oṣù Kẹ́ta ọdún 2020 ===
*Ní ọjọ́ kọkanlá oṣù  kẹ́ta ọdún 2020, orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast ní akọsílẹ̀ akọ́kọ́ lára ẹnìkan tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè náà tí ó ń darí bọ̀ láti orílẹ̀-èdè [[Italy]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/world/ivory-coast-confirms-first-case-of-coronavirus/news|title=Ivory Coast confirms first case of coronavirus|last=|first=|date=11 March 2020|website=[[Daily Sabah]]|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=March 11, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n ṣe ìtọ́jú aláàrẹ̀ náà ní ilé ìwòsàn ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ti [[Treichville University Hospital]] ní Ìlú [[Abidjan]]. Púpọ̀ lára àwọn ènìyàn tí wón ti ní ìbáṣepọ̀ kan tabí òmìniran ni wọ́n ti ṣàwárí tí wọ́n sì ti ń ṣe àyẹ̀wò tó péye lórí wọn, gẹ́gẹ́ bí olóòtú ètò ìlera orílẹ̀-èdè náà ti ṣàlàyé. Wọ́n sì ti ní kí àwọn ard ìlú ó lọ fọkàn balẹ̀ wípé kò ní séwu. Wọ́n tún fi àwọn ìlà ìpè (143 tàbí 101) síta fún àwọn ènìyàn láti fi tó ìjọba létí bí wón bá ṣàkíyèsí àrùn yí làra ẹnikẹ́ni. Wọ́n sì tún ti fi àw9n òfin kan lélẹ̀ lẹnu ibodè orílẹ̀-èdè náà léte àti dènà àti dẹ́kun ìtànkálẹ̀ ajàkálẹ̀ arùn COVID-9.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/909062/societe/cote-divoire-un-cas-confirme-de-coronavirus-les-autorites-appellent-au-calme/|title=Côte d'Ivoire : un premier cas confirmé de coronavirus, les autorités appellent au calme – Jeune Afrique|date=2020-03-11|website=JeuneAfrique.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/afrique/region-51840497|title=Premier cas de coronavirus confirmé en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-11|work=BBC News Afrique|access-date=2020-03-11|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ Kejìlá oṣù Kẹ́ta, ẹni akọ́kọ́ tí ó kọ́kọ́ ní àrùn Kòrónà tún kó àrùn náà ran ìyàwó rẹ̀, tí ó mú kí iye àwọn àláàrẹ̀ COVID-9 ó jẹ́ méjì láàrín ọjọ́ méjì péré.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/sante/coronavius-un-deuxieme-cas-teste-positif-en-cote-divoire/|title=Coronavirus : Un deuxième cas testé positif en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-12|website=AbidjanTV.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ní ọjó kẹrìnlá oṣù kẹ́ta, àwọn méj méjì míràn náà tún fara kó àìsàn COVID-9 tíó mú kí ó di ènìyàn mẹ́rin tí ó ti ní àrùn yí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.agenceecofin.com/sante/1503-74817-coronavirus-3-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire|title=Coronavirus : 3 nouveaux cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-15|website=Agence Ecofin|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ìjọba orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast kéde wípé àwọn tí wọ́n ti ní àrùn náà ti di mẹ́fà ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún, t.ẹni akọ́kọ́ tí ó kọ́kọ́ kó àrùn náà wọ̀lú ti gbádùn.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.atoo.ci/2020/03/16/coronavirus-le-bilan-passe-a-6-cas-confirmes-en-cote-divoire-officiel/|title=Coronavirus : le bilan passe à 6 confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-16|website=Atoo.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-18|archive-date=17 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200317145700/http://www.atoo.ci/2020/03/16/coronavirus-le-bilan-passe-a-6-cas-confirmes-en-cote-divoire-officiel/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast kéde títi pápákọ̀ òfurufú pa fún ọjọ́ mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún, amọ́ àyè wà fún ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè míràn tí wọ́n wà ní orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast láti padà sí Ìlú wọn kí àwọn ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè tiwọn náà tí wọ́n wà ní orílẹ̀-èdè agbáyé gbog o náà ó padà sílé láàrín kí 9jọ́ mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún ó tó pé. Bákan náà ni wọ́n tún ti g ogbo ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ pátá pa fún odidi ọgbọ̀n ọjọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/west-africa-clamps-down-on-borders-as-coronavirus-cases-rise/1765949/|title=West Africa clamps down on borders as coronavirus cases rise|date=2020-03-17|website=outlookindia.com|language=en-EN|access-date=2020-03-19|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204113018/https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/west-africa-clamps-down-on-borders-as-coronavirus-cases-rise/1765949/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún sí ọjọ́ Kẹjìlélógún oṣù kẹ́ta, iye àwọn aláàrẹ̀ COVID-9 tí wọ́n ti rí ti di mẹ́ẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n, ìjọba orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast sì kéde ìṣèjọba pàjáwìrì ní 9jọ́ kẹtalélógún oṣù kẹ́ta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://apanews.net/mobile/uneInterieure.php?id=4937764|title=Les médias ivoiriens appelés à ne pas diffuser les informations 'non certifiées' sur le coronavirus|date=2020-03-19|work=APA|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-19|archive-date=28 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128195957/http://apanews.net/mobile/uneInterieure.php?id=4937764|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=10972|title=Coronavirus : la Côte d'Ivoire compte 14 cas confirmés dont un guéri, à la date du 20 mars 2020|date=2020-03-21|website=www.gouv.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-22}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ yí kan náà ni ìjọba ti gbogbo ẹnu ìloro orílẹ̀-èdè náà fún àsìkò kan ná.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=10974&amp;d=1#p|title=Coronavirus : les frontières terrestres, maritimes et aériennes ivoiriennes fermées à tout traffic de personnes, à compter du 22 mars 2020, à minuit|date=2020-03-21|website=www.gouv.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url= https://mobile.twitter.com/RTI_info/status/1241460049521901568|title=Trois (3) nouveaux cas de maladie à Coronavirus annoncés ce 21 mars, portant à 17 les nombres de cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-21|website=RTI.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=10972|title=Le ministère de la santé annonce ce dimanche, la détection de 8 nouveaux cas portant à 25 le nombre de cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire|date=2020-03-22|website=news.abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-senegal-ivorycoast/ivory-coast-senegal-declare-emergencies-impose-curfews-in-coronavirus-response-idUSL8N2BG9MO|title=Ivory Coast, Senegal declare emergencies, impose curfews in coronavirus response |date=23 March 2020|website=[[Reuters]]|language=en|access-date=23 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439575-covid-19-isolement-abidjan-erreur|title=Report d'isolement d'Abidjan: Un grand danger guette la Côte d'Ivoire|date=27 March 2020|website=afrique-sur7.fr/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-27|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162806/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439575-covid-19-isolement-abidjan-erreur|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ní ọjọ́ Kẹrìnlélógún sí ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹta, iye àwọn tí wọ́n fara kó jogbo arùn COVID-9 ti di mọ́kànlélọ́gọ́rùún ènìyàn nígbà tí àwọn méjì ti ń gbádùn bò tí ó sì mú kí iye àwọn tí wọ́n ti gbádùn ó di mẹ́ta.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71668.html|title=Coronavirus: 48 nouveaux cas déclarés ce mardi portant à 73 le nombre de cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire (Officiel)|date=24 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-24|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162808/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71668.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71702.html|title=Coronavirus: 7 nouveaux cas confirmés ce mercredi 25 mars portant à 80 le nombre de cas en Côte d'ivoire (officiel)|date=25 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-25|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162903/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71702.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71708.html|title=Covid19: 16 nouveaux cas confirmés en Côte d'ivoire ce jeudi 26 mars portant le nombre à 96 cas.(ministère de la santé et de l'hygiène publique)|date=26 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-27|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162809/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71708.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71728.html|title=Covid-19: la Côte d'Ivoire franchit la barre de 100 cas avec 5 nouveaux cas portant le nombre d'infectés à 101 dont 3 guéris (Ministre de la Santé)|date=27 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-28|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162809/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71728.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; A 58-year-old female patient with diabetes, in a coma since 25 March, became the first fatality.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rti.ci/info/societe/26874/coronavirus-en-cote-deivoire-plusieurs-deces-occasionnes-par-les-maladies-chroniques|title=Coronavirus : En Côte d'Ivoire, plusieurs décès occasionnés par les maladies chroniques|date=23 April 2020|website=RTI.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-23|archive-date=27 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427180927/https://www.rti.ci/info/societe/26874/coronavirus-en-cote-deivoire-plusieurs-deces-occasionnes-par-les-maladies-chroniques|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n sí ọgbọ̀njọ́ oṣù kẹ́ta, wọ́n tún ṣàwárí àwọn ènìyàn tí ó tó mẹ́tàdínlọ́górin, tí àpapọ̀ iye wọn jẹ́ ọgọ́rùún kan ati méjìdínlọ́gọ́rin.  Nígbà tí ènìyàn mẹ́ta tún rí ìwòsàn gbà, bákan náà ni wọ́n pàdánù ẹni akọ́kọ́ sí ọwọ́ àrùn COVID-9 ní ọ̀jọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/sante/coronavirus-la-cote-divoire-est-a-140-cas-confirmes|title=Coronavirus : la Côte d'Ivoire est à 140 cas confirmés|date=29 March 2020|website=abidjantv.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/03/30/ivory-coast-records-first-coronavirus-death-minister.html|title=Ivory Coast records first coronavirus death: minister|last=|first=|date=20 March 2020|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=13 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71758.html|title=Covid19 : la Côte d'Ivoire enregistre 25 nouveaux cas portant ainsi à 165 le nombre de cas confirmés dont 4 guéris et 1 décès (Officiel)|date=29 March 2020|website=news.abidjan.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-30|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162817/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71758.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ẹ̀wẹ̀, wọ́n fòfin de ìgbòkègbodò ọkò ìrìnà ní àárín àwọn ìlú bí ([[Abidjan Department]], [[Dabou]], [[Azaguié]], [[Bingerville]], [[Grand-Bassam]], [[Bonoua]], [[Assinie-Mafia]]) láti ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dógún tí tí di ọjọ́ kọkàndínlógún oṣù kẹta, yàtọ̀.sí àwọn ọkọ̀ tí wọ́n bá gbé oúnjẹ àti àwọn.ohun èlò míràn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439633-tension-peage-isolement-abidjan|title=Coronavirus : Vive tension au pont à péage après l'isolement d'Abidjan|date=30 March 2020|website=afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-30|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162818/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439633-tension-peage-isolement-abidjan|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/actualites/coronavirus-arrete-portant-interdiction-de-circulation-des-personnes-et-des-vehicules/|title=Coronavirus : Arrêté portant interdiction de circulation des personnes et des véhicules|date=17 March 2020|website=abidjantv.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-07-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71764.html|title=Covid-19 : 3 nouveaux cas enregistrés, portant à 168 le nombre de cas confirmés dont 06 guéris et 01 décès. (Ministère)|date=30 March 2020|website=abidjantv.net/|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-31|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162820/https://news.abidjan.net/flash-infos/71764.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;afriksoir.net&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afriksoir.net/coronavirus-cote-divoire-17-cas-a-linterieur-du-pays-sur-179/|title=Coronavirus Côte d'Ivoire : 11 cas à l'intérieur du pays sur 179|date=31 March 2020|website=AfrikSoir.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-31|archive-date=1 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401204026/https://www.afriksoir.net/coronavirus-cote-divoire-17-cas-a-linterieur-du-pays-sur-179/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Oṣù Kẹ́rin ọdún 2020 ===
Ní ọjọ́ Kíní sí ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù kẹrin, iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ti ní àrùn COVID-9 ti di igba àti kejìdínlógún, nígbà tí àwọn iye àwọn tí wọ́n ti rí ìwòsàn gbà ti di mọ́kàndínlógún .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/le-nombre-de-malades-de-covid-19-en-cote-divoire-passe-a-190-avec-11-nouveaux-cas-ministre/|title=Le nombre de malades de COVID 19 en Côte d'Ivoire passe à 190 avec 11 nouveaux cas (Ministre)|date=1 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-02|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413163733/https://aip.ci/le-nombre-de-malades-de-covid-19-en-cote-divoire-passe-a-190-avec-11-nouveaux-cas-ministre/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/coronavirus-4-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-et-6-nouveaux-gueris-en-cote-divoire-ministre/|title=Coronavirus : 4 nouveaux cas confirmés et 6 nouveaux guéris en Côte d'Ivoire (Ministre)|date=2 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-02|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162829/https://aip.ci/coronavirus-4-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-et-6-nouveaux-gueris-en-cote-divoire-ministre/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afriksoir.net/coronavirus-24-nouveaux-cas-la-cote-divoire-franchit-la-barre-des-200-cas-confirmes/|title=Coronavirus : 24 nouveaux cas, la Côte d'Ivoire franchit la barre des 200 cas confirmés|date=3 April 2020|website=AfrikSoir.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kẹrin sí ọjọ́ kẹfà oṣù kẹrin, iye àwọn aláàrẹ̀ tí wọ́n tún rí jẹ́ 321, ní èyí tí Mínísítà fún èt ètò àbò orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast ìyẹn ọ̀gbẹ́ni Hamed Bakayoko wà nínú wọn. Àwọn tí wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gbà lọ sókè sí mọ́kànlélógójì nígbà tí àwọn ènìyàn mẹ́ta mìíràn ṣaláìsí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439738-covid-19-245-personnes-interieur|title=Covid-19 en Côte d'Ivoire : Déjà 245 malades, San-Pedro et Toulepleu|date=4 April 2020|website=Afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-05|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162833/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439738-covid-19-245-personnes-interieur|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/56516-coronavirus-16-nouveaux-cas-de-contamination-2-deces|title=Coronavirus : 16 nouveaux cas de contamination, 2 décès|date=5 April 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/health/202004/404892.php|title=Côte d'Ivoire Defence Minister Contracts Coronavirus|date=7 April 2020|website=PeaceFMonline.com|language=en-EN|access-date=2020-04-07|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162838/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/local/health/202004/404892.php|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Since the start of the outbreak, 323 cases had been confirmed of which 41 had recovered and 3 had died.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/203464/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/coronavirus--62-nouveaux-cas-d039infection-a-covid-19-ont-ete-enregistres-portant-a-323-ce-6-avril-2020|title=Coronavirus : 62 nouveaux cas d'infection à Covid-19 ont été enregistrés, portant à 323 ce 6 Avril 2020|date=6 April 2020|website=FratMat.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene published a list of sites, in and around Abidjan, for testing: [[Yopougon]], [[Abobo]], [[Marcory]], [[Koumassi]] and [[Port-Bouët]]; treatment: [[Treichville]], [[Cocody]], [[Grand-Bassam]], Yopougon, Abidjan, and [[Anyama]]; quarantine (Marcory); and for analysis (Pasteur Institute Abidjan).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5589-covid19abidjan-voici-les-sites-de-prelevements-de-prise-en-charge-de-quarantaine|title=Covid19/Abidjan : voici les sites de prélèvements, de prise en charge, de quarantaine...|date=6 April 2020|website=Pressecôted’ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-08|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162904/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5589-covid19abidjan-voici-les-sites-de-prelevements-de-prise-en-charge-de-quarantaine|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; The announcement led to days of violent protests in Youpogon and Koumassi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/fait-divers/cote-divoire-koumassi-dit-non-a-linstallation-dun-centre-de-depistage-du-coronavirus-dans-la-commune/|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Koumassi dit non à l'installation d'un centre de dépistage du coronavirus dans la Commune|date=7 April 2020|website=AbidjanTV.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ keje sí ọjọ̀ Kẹtàlá oṣù kẹrin, iyw àwọn ènìyàn tíwọ́n ti ní àrùn yí ti di ọgọ́rùún mẹ́fà àti mèrìndínlógbọ̀n , iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ̀n rí ìwòsàn gbà jẹ́ 89, nígbà tí àwọn mẹ́fa ti papò dà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5604-coronavirus-26-nouveaux-cas-dinfection-a-covid-19-enregistres-ce-mardi|title=Coronavirus : 26 nouveaux cas d'infection à COVID-19 enregistrés, ce mardi|date=7 April 2020|website=Pressecôted’ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-07|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162845/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5604-coronavirus-26-nouveaux-cas-dinfection-a-covid-19-enregistres-ce-mardi|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialafrik.com/2020/04/08/covid-19-la-cote-divoire-proroge-le-couvre-feu-avec-une-grace-presidentielle-pour-un-millier-de-prisonniers/ |title=La Côte d'Ivoire proroge le couvre feu avec une grâce présidentielle pour un millier de prisonniers|date=8 April 2020|website=FinancialAfrik.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; The number of recovered patients rose by 7, to 48.
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=11025|title=Communiqué du Conseil National de Sécurité (CNS) du jeudi 9 avril 2020|date=9 April 2020|website=gouv.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439887-covid-19-cote-ivoire-barre-500-cas|title=Covid-19 : La Côte d'Ivoire proche de franchir la barre des 500 cas|date=10 April 2020|website=Afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-12|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162854/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/439887-covid-19-cote-ivoire-barre-500-cas|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://apanews.net/mobile/uneInterieure.php?id=4938815|title=Avec 53 nouveau cas, la Côte d'Ivoire franchit le cap de 500 malades du Covid-19|date=11 April 2020|website=APAnews.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-12|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413162855/http://apanews.net/mobile/uneInterieure.php?id=4938815|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.informateur.info/covid-19-la-cote-divoire-enregistre-27-nouvelles-guerisons-et-41-nouveaux-cas-confirmes/|title=Covid-19 : La Côte d'Ivoire enregistre 27 nouvelles guérisons et 41 nouveaux cas confirmés|date=12 April 2020|website=Informateur.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5667-coronavirus--nouveaux-cas-enregistres-ce-lundi-de-paques|title=Coronavirus : 52 nouveaux cas enregistrés ce lundi de pâques|date=13 April 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-13}}{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ Kẹrìnlá sí kọ̀kànlélógún, iye àwọn tí wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gbà jẹ́ igba àti mẹ́ẹ̀èdọ́gbọ̀n, nígbà tí wọ́n ṣàwárí iye àwọn ènìyàn 344 míràn tí wọ́n ní arùn COVID-9, iye àwọn tí eọ́ papò dà jẹ́ mẹ́wàá lápapọ̀.   &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-nombre-de-contamines-est-desormais-de-638-dont-114-gueris/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/COVID-19 : Le nombre de contaminés est désormais de 638 dont 114 guéris|date=14 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-14|archive-date=24 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424075133/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-nombre-de-contamines-est-desormais-de-638-dont-114-gueris/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.informateur.info/coronavirus-la-cote-divoire-enregistre-un-total-de-146-gueris/|title=Coronavirus : La Côte d'Ivoire enregistre un total de 146 guéris|date=15 April 2020|website=Informateur.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-15}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìjọba ṣàfikún òfin kónílé-ó-gbélé títí di ọgbọ̀njọ́ oṣù kèrin ntí wọ́n sì tún ní kí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ ó wà ní títìpa títí di ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù Karùún. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/h/671529.html|title=COVID-19 : L'Etat d'urgence prorogé jusqu'au 30 avril|date=16 April 2020|website=Abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-18|archive-date=23 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423173848/https://news.abidjan.net/h/671529.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url= https://www.koaci.com/article/2020/04/16/cote-divoire/sante/cote-divoire-34-nouveaux-cas-de-coronavirus-47-nouveaux-gueris-espoir-le-taux-de-guerison-nen-finit-plus-de-progresser_140588.html|title=Côte d'Ivoire : 34 nouveaux cas de Coronavirus, 47 nouveaux guéris, espoir, le taux de guérison n'en finit plus de progresser|date=16 April 2020|website=Koaci.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-16}}&lt;/ref&gt; Secretary-general [[Patrick Achi]] announced that he had tested positive.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/africa/2020-04-17-close-ally-of-ivory-coast-leader-contracts-coronavirus/|title=Close ally of Ivory Coast leader contracts coronavirus|website=DispatchLIVE.co.za|accessdate=20 April 2020|date=17 April 2020|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603073608/https://www.dispatchlive.co.za/news/africa/2020-04-17-close-ally-of-ivory-coast-leader-contracts-coronavirus/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/56860-coronavirus-54-nouveaux-cas-d-infection-27-nouveaux-gueris|title=Coronavirus : 54 nouveaux cas d'infection, 27 nouveaux guéris|date=17 April 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url= https://www.afriksoir.net/cote-ivoire-qui-sont-deux-dernieres-victimes-coronavirus/|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Qui sont les deux dernières victims du Coronavirus ?|date=19 April 2020|website=AfrikSoir.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/203984/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/covid-19point-de-la-situation--46-nouveaux-cas-d039infection-enregistres-portant-a-847-le-nombre-total-de-cas-confirmes-21-nouveaux-gueris-et-1-deces |title=Covid-19/Point de la situation : 46 nouveaux cas d'infection enregistrés, portant à 847 le nombre total de cas confirmés. 21 nouveaux guéris et 1 décès|date=19 April 2020|website=Fratmat.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.fratmat.info/article/204070/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/coronavirus-quelques-donnees-statistiques-sur-la-maladie-en-cote-d039ivoire-regions-touchees-les-cas-par-villes-et-quartiers-|title=Coronavirus : Quelques données sur la maladie en Côte d'Ivoire, régions touchées, les cas par villes et quartiers...|date=21 April 2020|website=Fratmat.info|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://abidjantv.net/actualites/cote-divoire-covid_1932-nouveaux-cas-dinfection-27-nouveaux-gueris-et-1-deces/|title=Côte d'Ivoire / COVID_19 : 32 nouveaux cas d'infection, 27 nouveaux guéris et 1 décès|date=20 April 2020|website=AbidjanTV.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5774-coronavirus-voici-le-point-de-ce-mardi-21-avril|title=Coronavirus : Voici le point de ce mardi 21 avril|date=21 April 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-21|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720110343/http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5774-coronavirus-voici-le-point-de-ce-mardi-21-avril|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Wọ́n ṣàwárí àwọn mẹ́rìndínlógójì míràn nígbà tí àwọn àpapọ̀ iye àwọn tí.wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gbà jẹ́ ọgọ́rún mẹ́ta ati mèwaá. Àwọn tí wọ́ papò dà jẹ́ mẹ́rìnlá lápapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200422-coronavirus-afrique-face-pand%C3%A9mie-mercredi-22-avril|title=Coronavirus : l'Afrique face à la pandémie mercredi 22 avril|date=22 April 2020|website=rfi.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kẹtalélógún sí ọgbọ̀njọ́ oṣù kẹ́rin, iye àwọn tí wọ́n ní àrùn COVID-9 jẹ́ 1275, nígbà tí àpapọ̀ iye àwọn tí wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gbà jẹ́ 527, bákan naa ni iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n papò dà náà jẹ́ mẹ́wàá ní in oṣù kẹrin.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rti.ci/info/societe/26875/coronavirus-plus-de-1000-cas-confirmes-en-cote-deivoire-ministere-de-la-sante|title=Coronavirus : Plus de 1000 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire (Ministère de la Santé)|date=23 April 2020|website=RTI.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-23|archive-date=6 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706201925/https://www.rti.ci/info/societe/26875/coronavirus-plus-de-1000-cas-confirmes-en-cote-deivoire-ministere-de-la-sante|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200424-coronavirus-afrique-face-pand%C3%A9mie-vendredi-24-avril|title=Coronavirus : l'Afrique face à la pandémie vendredi 24 avril|date=24 April 2020|website=rfi.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/h/671964.html|title=COVID 19 : le nombre de cas confirmés passe à plus de 1100 en Côte d'Ivoire|date=25 April 2020|website=Abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-25|archive-date=30 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430193228/https://news.abidjan.net/h/671964.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5839-covid-19-point-de-la-situation-de-ce-dimanche-26-avril|title=Covid-19 : Point de la situation de ce dimanche 26 avril|date=26 April 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-26|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720112810/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5839-covid-19-point-de-la-situation-de-ce-dimanche-26-avril|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-bilan-passe-a-1164-avec-14-nouveaux-cas-confirmes/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP / Covid-19 : le bilan passe à 1164 avec 14 nouveaux cas confirmés|date=27 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-27|archive-date=8 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508124749/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-bilan-passe-a-1164-avec-14-nouveaux-cas-confirmes/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/440286-cote-divoire-malades-covid-19-gueris|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Près de 50% des malades du Covid-19, guéris|date=28 April 2020|website=Afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-28|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720112335/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/440286-cote-divoire-malades-covid-19-gueris|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-bilan-passe-a-1238-cas-confirmes/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/Covid 19 : le bilan passe à 1238 cas confirmés|date=29 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-29|archive-date=10 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200510230633/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-le-bilan-passe-a-1238-cas-confirmes/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-37-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-ministre/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/Covid-19 : 37 nouveaux cas confirmés (ministre)|date=30 April 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-04-30|archive-date=12 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200512050909/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-37-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-ministre/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Oṣù Karùún ọdún 2020 ===
* Ní ọjọ́ Kíní oṣù Karùún. Wọ́nr í akọsílẹ̀ méjìdínlọ́gọ́ta, nígbà tí àwọn aláàrẹ̀ mẹ́tàlélógún rí ìwòsàn gbà, tí àwọn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dógún ṣaláìsí lápapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/5909-covid-19-le-point-de-a-situation-ce-vendredi-1er-mai|title=Covid{{Dead link|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 19 : Le point de a situation ce vendredi 1er Mai|date=1 May 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=10974&amp;d=1#p|title=Coronavirus : les frontières terrestres, maritimes et aériennes ivoiriennes fermées à tout traffic de personnes, à compter du 22 mars 2020, à minuit|date=2020-03-21|website=www.gouv.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-03-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣù karùún, àwọn ènìyàn kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n ní wọ́n tún rí tí wọ́n fara kó àrùn COVID-9, nígbà tí àwọn ènìyàn mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n rí ìwòsàn gbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-29-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-en-cote-divoire-ministere-de-la-sante/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/COVID-19 : 29 nouveaux cas enregistrés en Côte d'Ivoire (Ministère de la santé)|date=3 May 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-03|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720110628/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-29-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-en-cote-divoire-ministere-de-la-sante/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ní ọjọ́ kẹta sí ọjọ́ keje oṣù Karùún, iye àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ní arùn Kòrónà jẹ́ 177 tí ó mú kí iye àwọn aláàrẹ̀ naa ó di 1571, iye àwọn tí wọ́n rí ìwòsàn gba jẹ́ 120 tí ó mú kí iye wọn lápapọ̀ jẹ́ 742, nígbà tí iye àwọn tí wọ́n kú jẹ́ ogún lápapọ̀. Lẹ́yìn èyí, ìjọba orílẹ̀-èdè Ivory Coast kéde ré wípé kí.àwọn ilé-ékó g og o padà ní Ìlú [[Abjan 34ryr6rrt On 3 May there were two fatalities, 36 confirmed cases and 31 recoveries. The total number of confirmed cases stood at 1398 of which 653 had recovered and 17 deceased.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/trente-six-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-de-covid-19-en-cote-divoire/|title=Trente-six nouveaux cas confirmés de Covid-19 en Côte d'Ivoire|date=3 May 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-03|archive-date=15 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515193241/https://aip.ci/trente-six-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-de-covid-19-en-cote-divoire/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ni ojo kerin osu karuun, won sawari eniyan merinlelogbon miran, ti awon ogoji eniyan si ri iwosan gba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-34-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-de-covid-19-et-40-nouveaux-malades-gueris/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/34 nouveaux cas confirmés de Covid-19 et 40 nouveaux malades guéris|date=4 May 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-05|archive-date=16 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516141048/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-34-nouveaux-cas-confirmes-de-covid-19-et-40-nouveaux-malades-gueris/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ni ojo karuun iye awon ti won tun ni arun yi je mejilelogbon, ti o mu iye awon ti won ti ni arun yi lapapo je 1464 lapapo, ti awon mejo si ri iwosan gba. Bakan naa ni awon mejidinlogun padanu emi won si owo aisan Korona.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/57260-coronavirus-32-nouveaux-cas-8-nouveaux-gueris-et-1-nouveau-deces|title=Coronavirus : 32 nouveaux cas, 8 nouveaux guéris et 1 nouveau décès|date=5 May 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/440444-covid-19-1500-cas-franchie-cote-divoire|title=Covid-19 : La barre des 1500 cas déclarés positifs en Côte d'Ivoire, 721 guérisons et 18 décès|date=6 May 2020|website=Afrique-sur7.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-06|archive-date=20 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720112440/https://www.afrique-sur7.fr/440444-covid-19-1500-cas-franchie-cote-divoire|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*Ni ojo keje osu karuun, won ri akosile marundinlogota, awon aadoje ati ogoji o le meji eniyan ri iwosan gba lapapo. Iye awon ti won padanu emi won je ogun. Ijoba orile-ede Ivory Coast kede wipe awon yoo mu irorun ba igbokegbodo lilo bibo ni ilu Abidjan ni ojo keji, ti o fi mo awon ile-eko gbogbo titi di ojo keedogun osu karuun. Bakan naa ni awon yoo mu adinku ba ile koko irina ni ale si wakati metalelogun lati ojo kejo osu karuun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20200508-cote-ivoire-assouplissement-mesures-province-coronavirus|title=Côte d'Ivoire : assouplissement des mesures contre le coronavirus en province|date=8 May 2020|website=rfi.fr|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.koaci.com/article/2020/05/08/cote-divoire/sante/cote-divoire-dans-lattente-du-15-mai-31-nouveaux-cas-de-coronavirus-12-nouveaux-gueris-et-pas-de-deces_141248.html|title=Côte d'Ivoire : Dans l'attente du 15 mai, 31 nouveaux cas de Coronavirus, 12 nouveaux guéris et pas de décès|date=8 May 2020|website=Koaci.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-05-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-soixante-cinq-nouveaux-cas-de-contamination-enregistres-ce-samedi/|title=Côte{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} d'Ivoire-AIP/ COVID-19 : Soixante-cinq nouveaux cas de contamination enregistrés ce samedi|date
*Ni ojo kokanlelogbon osu karuun, won ni akosile merinlelogbon ti awon aadota eniyan ti won ti ni aare yi ri iwosan gba. Lati ibere, iye awon eniyan ti won ti fara kasa aisan yi ti ti di asiko yi je 2833, nigba ti awon 1435 ti ri iwosan gba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32156-covid-19-34-nouveaux-cas-ce-dimanche-31-mai-2020-portant-a-2833-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-50-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 34 nouveaux cas ce dimanche 31 mai 2020 portant à 2833 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 50 nouveaux guéris|date=31 May 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* On the same day, residents in the [[Yopougon]] district of [[Abidjan]] destroyed a testing centre that was being built.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2020-04-06 |title=Crowd in ICoast destroys coronavirus test centre |url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/world/crowd-in-icoast-destroys-coronavirus-test-centre/ex34qv0 |access-date=2020-06-15 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en-US |archive-date=8 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408161025/https://www.pulse.ng/news/world/crowd-in-icoast-destroys-coronavirus-test-centre/ex34qv0 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Osu Kefa odun 2020 ===
* Awon mokanlelogorun ni won tu sawari ni ojo kini ose kefa, nigba ti awon mejilelogbon ri iwosan gba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/flash/covid-19-1er-juin-2020-118-nouveaux-cas-sur-611-prelevements-32-gueris-et-00-deces-au-total-2951-cas-confirmes-1467-gueris-33-deces-et-1451-cas-actifs/|title=Covid-19 : 1er juin 2020 : 118 nouveaux cas sur 611 prélèvements, 32 guéris et 00 décès. Au total 2951 cas confirmés, 1467 guéris, 33 décès et 1451 cas actifs|date=1 June 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-01|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729000739/https://aip.ci/flash/covid-19-1er-juin-2020-118-nouveaux-cas-sur-611-prelevements-32-gueris-et-00-deces-au-total-2951-cas-confirmes-1467-gueris-33-deces-et-1451-cas-actifs/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ni ojo keji si ojo karuun osu kefa, iye awon ti won tun lugbadi arun yi je  ogorun merin o le aadorin. Nigba ti awon ti won ri iwosan gba je or=goirun ogorun kan o le merindinlogoji, bakan naa ni iye awon ti won padanu emi won si owo arun Korona je meta. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/la-cote-divoire-franchit-la-barre-des-3000-cas-confirmes-de-coronavirus-dg-sante/|title=La Côte d'Ivoire franchit la barre des 3000 cas confirmés de coronavirus (DG Santé)|date=2 June 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-02|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728230831/https://aip.ci/la-cote-divoire-franchit-la-barre-des-3000-cas-confirmes-de-coronavirus-dg-sante/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32182-covid-19-86-nouveaux-cas-ce-mercredi-03-juin-2020-portant-a-3110-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-29-nouveaux-gueris-2-nouveaux-deces.html|title=Covid-19 : 86 nouveaux cas ce mercredi 03 juin 2020 portant à 3110 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 29 nouveaux guéris ; 2 nouveaux décès|date=3 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32198-covid-19-152-nouveaux-cas-ce-jeudi-04-juin-2020-portant-a-3262-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-54-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 152 nouveaux cas ce jeudi 04 juin 2020 portant à 3262 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 54 nouveaux guéris|date=4 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32208-covid-19-169-nouveaux-cas-ce-vendredi-05-juin-2020-portant-a-3431-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-20-nouveaux-gueris-1-nouveau-deces.html|title=Covid-19 : 169 nouveaux cas ce vendredi 05 juin 2020 portant à 3431 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 20 nouveaux guéris ; 1 nouveau décès|date=5 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ni ojo kefa si ojo kejila osu kefa, egberun kan ati ogorun meta o le meedogun. Nigba ti awon ti won ri iwosan gba je egberun merin ati ogorun meji o le mokanlelogoji. iye awon ti won ku je marundinlaadota lapapo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32214-covid-19-126-nouveaux-cas-ce-samedi-06-juin-2020-portant-a-3557-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-146-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 126 nouveaux cas ce samedi 06 juin 2020 portant à 3557 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 146 nouveaux guéris|date=6 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32216-covid-19-182-nouveaux-cas-ce-dimanche-07-juin-2020-portant-a-3739-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-68-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 182 nouveaux cas ce dimanche 07 juin 2020 portant à 3739 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 68 nouveaux guéris|date=7 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32222-covid-19-142-nouveaux-cas-ce-lundi-08-juin-2020-portant-a-3881-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-51-nouveaux-gueris-2-nouveaux-deces.html|title=Covid-19 : 142 nouveaux cas ce lundi 08 juin 2020 portant à 3881 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 51 nouveaux guéris ; 2 nouveaux décès|date=8 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6352-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-9-juin-2020|title=Point de la situation de la maladie à Coronavirus du 9 juin 2020|date=9 June 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-09|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728234009/http://pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6352-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-9-juin-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexpressionci.com/cote-divoire-186-nouveaux-cas-de-covid-19-enregistres-ce-mercredi|title=Côte d'Ivoire : 186 nouveaux cas de covid 19 enregistrés ce mercredi|date=10 June 2020|website=L’expressionci.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-10|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728231139/https://www.lexpressionci.com/cote-divoire-186-nouveaux-cas-de-covid-19-enregistres-ce-mercredi|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6389-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-jeudi-11-juin-2020|title=Point de la situation de la maladie à Coronavirus du jeudi 11 juin 2020|date=11 June 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-12|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728232306/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6389-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-jeudi-11-juin-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-280-nouveaux-cas-enregistree-en-24-heures-ministere/|title=Côte d'Ivoire-AIP/Covid-19 : 280 nouveaux cas enregistrée en 24 heures (ministère)|date=12 June 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-12|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728230950/https://aip.ci/cote-divoire-aip-covid-19-280-nouveaux-cas-enregistree-en-24-heures-ministere/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ni ojo keedogbon si ogbonjo osu kefa, iye awon ti won ti fara kasa arun COVID-19 lapapo je 9499, nigba ti awon ti won ri iwosan gba goke si 4273, bakan naa ni iye awon ti won padanu emi won si inu aisan COVID-19 lapapo je 68. iye awon ti o ku ti won ko tii ri iwosan gba ti won ko si ku je 255 lapapo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/58850-coronavirus-170-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-68-nouveaux-gueris-et-2-nouveaux-deces-ce-jeudi|title=Coronavirus : 170 nouveaux cas enregistrés, 68 nouveaux guéris et 2 nouveaux décès ce jeudi|date=25 June 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; The National Security Council decided that domestic flights could be resumed from 26 June and international flights from 1 July, while land and sea borders will remain closed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.abidjan.net/h/675378.html|title=Côte d'Ivore/Covid-19 : reprise des vols internationaux à partir du 1er juillet 2020|date=25 June 2020|website=Abidjan.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-25|archive-date=28 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628131901/https://news.abidjan.net/h/675378.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yeclo.com/covid-19-en-cote-divoire-voici-le-point-ce-26-juin-2020/|title=Covid-19 en Côte d'Ivore : voici le point ce 26 juin 2020|language=fr-FR|date=26 June 2020|website=IvoireSoir.net|access-date=2020-06-26|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728234047/https://www.yeclo.com/covid-19-en-cote-divoire-voici-le-point-ce-26-juin-2020/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yeclo.com/covid-19-en-cote-divoire-voici-le-point-ce-27-juin-2020/|title=Covid-19 en Côte d’Ivoire : voici le point ce 27 juin 2020|language=fr-FR|date=27 June 2020|website=IvoireSoir.net|access-date=2020-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32404-covid-19-157-nouveaux-cas-ce-dimanche-28-juin-2020-portant-a-9101-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-86-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 157 nouveaux cas ce dimanche 28 juin 2020 portant à 9101 cas confirmés en Côte d’Ivoire ; 86 nouveaux guéris|language=fr-FR|date=28 June 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|access-date=2020-06-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6615-covid-19-le-point-de-la-situation-du-lundi-29-juin-2020|title=Covid-19 : le point de la situation du lundi 29 juin 2020|date=29 June 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-29|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729024602/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6615-covid-19-le-point-de-la-situation-du-lundi-29-juin-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6630-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-30-juin-2020|title=Point de la situation de la maladie à Coronavirus du lundi 30 juin 2020|date=30 June 2020|website=Pressecôted'ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728235727/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/6630-point-de-la-situation-de-la-maladie-a-coronavirus-du-30-juin-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Osu kejo odun 2020===
* Ni ojo kini osu kejo, awon mejilelogota eniyan ni won fara kasa arun COVID-19, nigba ti iye awon ti won ti ni arun yi lapapo je 16109. Bakan naa ni awon iye awon ti won ri iwosan gba je 11750 lapapo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/59988-coronavirus-62-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-et-322-nouveaux-gueris-ce-samedi|title=Coronavirus : 62 nouveaux cas enregistrés et 322 nouveaux guéris ce samedi|date=1 August 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-01}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Awon 73 eniyan ni won tun ni arun yi ni ojo keji osu kejo, ti awon mokanlelaadota ri iwosan gba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/60000-coronavirus-73-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-et-51-nouveaux-gueris-ce-dimanche|title=Coronavirus : 73 nouveaux cas enregistrés et 51 nouveaux guéris ce dimanche|date=2 August 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Awon merindinlogoji  ni won sawari ni ojo keta, awon merinlelaadorin ni won gbadun lapapo ti o mu iye awon ti won ti gbadun goke si 11887.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32652-covid-19-38-nouveaux-cas-ce-lundi-03-aout-2020-portant-a-16220-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-86-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 38 nouveaux cas ce lundi 03 août 2020 portant à 16220 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 86 nouveaux guéris|date=3 August 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;
awon 73 ni won ri ni ojo kerin, ti o mu ki iye awon alaare naa goke si  16293. Awon mejo o le ogota eniyan ni won ri iwosan gba nigba ti apapo iye won je 11955. Awon metalelogorun ni won ti gbekuru je lowo ebora lapapo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yeclo.com/covid-19-en-cote-divoire-voici-le-point-ce-4-aout-2020/|title=Covid-19 en Côte d’Ivoire : voici le point de la situation ce 4 août 2020|date=4 August 2020|website=YECLO.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Lati ojo karn osu kejo si ogbonjo osu kejo, awon eniyan ti won ti ni arun COVID-19 je 17948, awon eniyan ti won ti ri iwosan gba lapapo je 16699.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32668-covid-19-56-nouveaux-cas-ce-mercredi-05-aout-2020-portant-a-16349-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-236-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 56 nouveaux cas ce mercredi 05 août 2020 portant à 16349 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 236 nouveaux guéris|date=5 August 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/7069-le-point-de-la-situation-de-la-covid-19-du-6-aout-2020|title=Le point de la situation de la COVID-19 du 6 Août 2020|date=6 August 2020|website=Pressecôted’ivoire.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-06|archive-date=27 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227100913/https://www.pressecotedivoire.ci/article/7069-le-point-de-la-situation-de-la-covid-19-du-6-aout-2020|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://aip.ci/flash/covid-19-au-07-aout-77-nouveaux-cas-sur-924-prelevements-159-nouveaux-gueris-01-deces-au-total-16524-cas-confirmes-12802-gueris-104-deces-3618-cas-actifs/|title=Covid-19 au 07 août : 77 nouveaux cas sur 924 prélèvements, 159 nouveaux guéris, 01 décès . Au total, 16524 cas confirmés, 12802 guéris, 104 décès, 3618 cas actifs|date=7 August 2020|website=AIP.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-07}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32688-covid-19-96-nouveaux-cas-ce-samedi-08-aout-2020-portant-a-16620-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-91-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 96 nouveaux cas ce samedi 08 août 2020 portant à 16620 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 91 nouveaux guéris|date=8 August 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.linfodrome.com/sante-au-quotidien/60196-coronavirus-95-nouveaux-cas-enregistres-33-nouveaux-gueris-et-1-nouveau-deces-ce-dimanche|title=Coronavirus : 95 nouveaux cas enregistrés, 33 nouveaux guéris et 1 nouveau décès ce dimanche|date=9 August 2020|website=linfodrome.com|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.educarriere.ci/news-32698-covid-19-83-nouveaux-cas-ce-lundi-10-aout-2020-portant-a-16798-cas-confirmes-en-cote-d-ivoire-126-nouveaux-gueris.html|title=Covid-19 : 83 nouveaux cas ce lundi 10 août 2020 portant à 16798 cas confirmés en Côte d'Ivoire ; 126 nouveaux guéris|date=10 August 2020|website=Educarriere.ci|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ni ojo kokanlelogbon osu kejo, won tun ri akosile tuntun ti o to ogorun kan o le mokandinlogun ti o mu ki iye awon ti won ni aisan yi o je  18067, nigba ti iye awon ti won ri iwosan gba lapapo je 16699. Iye awon ti won ku je 117 nipari osu kejo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.yeclo.com/covid-19-en-cote-divoire-voici-le-point-au-31-aout-2020/|title=Covid-19 en Côte d’Ivoire : voici le point au 31 août 2020|date=31 August 2020|website=IvoireSoir.net|language=fr-FR|access-date=2020-08-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ẹ tún lè wo ==
* [[COVID-19 pandemic in Africa]]
* [[COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cinema]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television]]
* [[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism]]

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

== Àwọn Ìtàkùn ìjásóde ==

* [http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?recordID=11168 Government of Cote D'Ivoire - COVID-19 Page]

{{COVID-19 pandemic}}
{{COVID-19 pandemic in Africa}}

{{#related:2019–20 coronavirus pandemic}}
{{#related:2020 coronavirus pandemic in Africa}}
{{#related:2020 in Ivory Coast}}

[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic in Ivory Coast| ]]
[[Category:2020 in Ivory Coast|Coronavirus pandemic]]
[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic by country|Ivory Coast]]
[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic in Africa|Ivory Coast]]
[[Category:Disease outbreaks in Ivory Coast]]</text>
      <sha1>jxbiej24w44lx3lhp3ovyx90h3eumvj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Fatoumata Diawara</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70261</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637746</id>
      <parentid>605327</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T06:24:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637746</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16303" sha1="r5n3uhsb3ditd0zh6k0mxb8xvryco7k" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist &lt;!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musicians --&gt;|name=Fatoumata Diawara|origin=[[Mali]]|associated_acts=|label={{hlist|[[World Circuit (record label)|World Circuit]]|[[Nonesuch Records|Nonesuch]]}}|years_active=|occupation={{hlist|Olorin|Akorin|Osere}}|genre={{hlist|[[Folk music|Folk]]| [[Wassoulou music|Wassoulou]]}}|instrument=|death_date=|image=Fatoumata Diawara - Festival du Bout du Monde 2012 - 016 - edit.jpg|birth_place=[[Ivory Coast]]|birth_date={{birth year and age|1982}}|birth_name=|background=solo_singer|image_size=|caption=Diawara, August 2012|website={{URL|www.fatoumatadiawara.com}}}}
'''Fatoumata Diawara''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọdún un 1982 ní [[Ivory Coast]]) jẹ́ òṣèré,  olórin àti akọ-orin, tí a ti yàn lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìgbà fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ [[Grammy Award]]. Ó wá láti orílẹ̀-èdè [[Málì]].  Wọ́n fi orúkọ rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ lẹ́ẹ̀mejì fún [[Grammy Award]] titi ogótalélọ́kan fún [[Best world album|Awo orin agbaye ti o da ju]] fún àwo orin rẹ̀ ''Fenfo'' àti fún orin ijó tí ó dára jù nípasẹ̀, ''Ultimatum'' eléyìí tí [[Disclosure]] gbà lálejò lórí orin náà &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/2019-61st-annual-grammy-awards-nominations-complete-nominees-and-winners-list|title=61st GRAMMY Awards: Full Nominees &amp; Winners List|date=2018-12-07|website=GRAMMY.com|language=en|access-date=2020-02-24|archive-date=2019-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190210002846/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/2019-grammy-awards-complete-nominations-list|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Igbesiaye ==
Ilu [[Ivory Coast]] ni own bi Diawara si fun awon obi ti o  wa lati [[Mali]]. Ni asiko odo e, won mu pada losi [[Bamako]] ni Mali, ki o lo ma gbe loda anti re. Ni igba ti o pe omo odun mejidinlogun o ko lo si ilu [[France]] lati lo ma se ise osere. O padi si Mali fun igba die fun ipa kan ninu ere, sugbon o pada si Paris lesekese, nitori ko fe ki won fipa mu lo si ile oko.

Ni gba ti oya, Diawara pada mu jita, osi bere si ni ko awon orin titi e, awon orin ti o ni awon asa [[Wassoulou]] ti apa guusu Mali, pelu awon ipa agbaye ninu orin e.

=== Fiimu ati ere itage ===
Lehin igba ti o ko lo si France, o ko ipa ninu ere [[Cheik Oumar Sissoko]] ti o se ni odun 1999 ti akori re je ''Genesis, Dani Kouyate,'' ni odun 2001 o ko ipa ninu ere ''Sia, le rêve du python'' ati egbe ere itage ti Royal de Luxe. O tun ko ipa ninu ere olorin ti akole re je ''Kirikou et Karaba''.&lt;ref&gt;Chabasseur, Eglantine. [http://www.rfimusique.com/anglais/musique/articles/112/article_8191.asp &quot;Fatoumata Diawara Reinvented&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206191316/http://www.rfimusique.com/anglais/musique/articles/112/article_8191.asp|date=2011-12-06}}, RFI musique, April 8, 2009, accessed June 8, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;


Nigbakanna bi o sen korin, ni o n se ere ori itage na, pelu orisirisi ipa pelu orisirisi ere otun ko orin fun orisiris ere bi  ''[[:en:Timbuktu_(2014_film)|Timbuktu]],'' ere yi gba  [[César award|Ami eye César]] meje ati yiyan lati owo [[Academy Award]] ni odun 2014&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/awards/abderrahmane-sissakos-timbuktu-wins-best-film-at-cesar-awards-1201437900/|title='Timbuktu' Sweeps France's Cesar Awards|last1=Keslassy|first1=Elsa|date=2015-02-20|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=2020-02-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

O je gbajumo fun ohun aladun&lt;ref&gt;Forgan, Kat. “Staff Brenda Bilili”. “Songlines”, July 2011, p.104-105.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ede Bambara]] ni oma fin korin, ede yi je ede abinibi ti Mali, orin e sima da lori igbani niyanju bi asa titi awon Wassoulou&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://worldmusiccentral.org/2020/02/18/singer-and-guitarist-fatoumata-diawara-to-perform-in-new-york-city/|title=Singer and Guitarist Fatoumata Diawara to Perform in New York City {{!}} World Music Central.org|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12|archive-date=2020-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422180531/https://worldmusiccentral.org/2020/02/18/singer-and-guitarist-fatoumata-diawara-to-perform-in-new-york-city/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; DIawara ti korin pelu awon omo orile ede Mali ati awon olorin agbaye bi [[Cheik Tidiane Seck]], [[Oumou Sangare]]&lt;ref&gt;Cummings, Tim. [https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/oumou-sangare-barbican-hall-london-1675073.html &quot;Oumou Sangare, Barbican Hall, London&quot;], ''[[The Independent]]'', April 28, 2009, accessed June 8, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;, AfroCubism,&lt;ref&gt;Phillips, Glyn. [http://www.worldmusic.co.uk/afrocubism_afrocubism &quot;AfroCubism&quot;], WorldMusic.co.uk, accessed June 8, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; Dee Dee Bridgewater ,&lt;ref&gt;Stoudmann, Elisabeth. &quot;Fatoumata Diawara: Nouvelle deesse malienne&quot;. ''Vibrations'', June 2011&lt;/ref&gt; ati the Orchestre Poly Rythmo de Cotonou.&lt;ref&gt;Denselow, Robin. [https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/mar/24/orchestre-poly-rythmo-cotonou-club-review?INTCMP=SRCH &quot;Orchestre Poly-Rythmo: Cotonou Club&quot;], ''[[The Guardian]]'', March 24, 2011, accessed June 8, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; Awo orin e ''Kanou'' jade ni ojo kesan osu karun odun 2011. Ohun lo ko gbogbo orin ti owa ni inu awo na.&lt;ref name=&quot;newsweek.com2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/fatoumata-diawara-malian-singer-fights-back-against-islamists-63297|title=Fatoumata Diawara: A Malian Singer Fights Back Against Islamists|first=Tracy|last=McNicoll|date=2013-02-05|website=Newsweek|language=en|access-date=2020-03-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Awon orin e alakoko ti o fi lole, [[Fatou]] lati owo [[World Circuit records]] ni osu kesan odun 2011&lt;ref name=&quot;Fatou-Guardian-Review2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Denselow|first=Robin|title=Fatoumata Diawara: Fatou – review|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/sep/15/fatoumata-diawara-fatou-review|work=The Guardian|accessdate=25 September 2011|location=London|date=September 15, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nonesuch Records fi Kanou EP kale ni ori ayelujara ni [[Àríwá Amẹ́ríkà]] ni ojo ketadinlogbon osu kesan odun 2011 won si fi awon orin Fatou ni ojo kejidinlogbon osu kejo odun 2012.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nonesuch.com/artists/fatoumata-diawara|title=Fatoumata Diawara|publisher=Nonesuch.com|date=|access-date=2013-09-04|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914031319/http://www.nonesuch.com/artists/fatoumata-diawara|archive-date=2013-09-14|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;


Ni osu kesan odun 2012, Diawara kopa ninu ipolongo ti akori e je &quot;30 Songs / 30 Days&quot; lati fi fun [[Half the Sky]] ni ati leyin, eleyi je ise agbase media to po ti o waye nipase iwe Sheryl WuDunn ati Nicholas Kristof&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.halftheskymovement.org/blog/entry/30-songs-30-days-for-half-the-sky1|title=Archived copy|access-date=2012-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014103757/http://www.halftheskymovement.org/blog/entry/30-songs-30-days-for-half-the-sky1|archive-date=2012-10-14|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nigbakan na ni osu kesan odun 2012, o wa lori eto African Express Train pelu awo eyan bi [[Damon Albarn]], [[Rokia Traoré,|Rokia Traoré]], [[Baaba Maal]], [[Amadou &amp; Mariam]], [[Nicolas Jaar]] ati awon [[Noisettes]], ati bebe lo. Eto na gba alejo awon eyan ẹgbaaji o le ẹdẹgbẹta ni Kings Cross ibi ti Fatoumata ti korin pelu [[Paul McCartney]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Jonze|first=Tim|title=The African journey is over – but what an amazing ride|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/sep/09/africa-express-finale-concert-london?intcmp=ILCMUSTXT9389|publisher=The Guardian|accessdate=2013-11-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Diawara ti lo awon odun yi lati fe sere kakiri agbaye,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Past Dates|url=http://www.bandsintown.com/FatoumataDiawara/past_events|publisher=Bands in Town|accessdate=2013-11-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;ni [[Glastonbury|Ajodun Glastonbury]] titi odun 2013, Fatoumata ko orin fun awon eledi geesi, ere ojo na dun yato.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Morgan|first=Andy|title=Mali hits Glastonbury: Rokia Traoré, Fatoumata Diawara and more|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/jun/18/mali-comes-to-glastonbury|publisher=The Guardian|accessdate=2013-11-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; Yato fun awon ere orin [[Europe]] won ti pe ki o wa korin ni [[Gúúsù Amẹ́ríkà]], [[Ásíà]] ati [[Austrálíà]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Past Events|url=http://www.bandsintown.com/FatoumataDiawara/past_events?page=4|publisher=Bands in Town|accessdate=2013-11-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;oti lo si ilu [[Amẹ́ríkà]] lopolopo igba, ni odun 2013 o sere fun won ni Clinton Global Initiative legbe [[The Roots]] ni ilu [[New York (Ìpínlẹ̀)|New York]] &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=2013 Clinton Global Citizen Awards|url=http://www.clintonglobalinitiative.org/ourmeetings/2013/clinton_global_citizen_awards.asp|publisher=Clinton Global Initiative|access-date=2013-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927121218/http://www.clintonglobalinitiative.org/ourmeetings/2013/clinton_global_citizen_awards.asp|archive-date=2013-09-27|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lati arin odun 2014 ni oti ba opolopo awon osere korin, awon osere bi [[Roberto Fonseca]] ti won ti jo se opolopo orin kiko ori itage ati awo orin ti ori itage ti akori e je ''At Home - Live in Marciac.'' Ni odun 2014 o korin pelu [[Mayra Andrade]] ati [[Omara Portuondo]]. Ni osu keji odun 2015, o se orin kiko ti ori itage gegebi olorin agbeya fun igba akoko ni Mali, ni Festival Sur Le Niger&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Pryor|first=Tom|title=Field Report: Festival Sur Le Niger 2015|url=http://www.afropop.org/22280/festivalsurleniger2015/|publisher=Afropop Worldwide|accessdate=2015-11-11|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044536/http://www.afropop.org/22280/festivalsurleniger2015/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;ni [[Segou]], nibi ti oti korin pelu ore e ti ojo tope ati ani ti on wo awo kose e, Oumou sangare, [[Bassekou Kouyate]] ati opolopo awon olorin ti o wa lati ilu Mali.


Ninu awon ori e, Diawara man soro nipa wahala to wa ninu isilo, inilo fun owo fun arawa, wahala ti awon obinrin ile africa man se; igbe aye labe ofin esin ati iwa didabe fun omo obinrin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:03&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://worldmusiccentral.org/2020/02/18/singer-and-guitarist-fatoumata-diawara-to-perform-in-new-york-city/|title=Singer and Guitarist Fatoumata Diawara to Perform in New York City {{!}} World Music Central.org|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-12|archive-date=2020-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422180531/https://worldmusiccentral.org/2020/02/18/singer-and-guitarist-fatoumata-diawara-to-perform-in-new-york-city/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ninu orin e kan &quot;Mali-ko (Peace/La Paix)&quot; orin yi gun fun iseju meje, ere orin e na soro nipa isegun ariwa Mali, o so pe ki a pa ina ikorira ti a ni si awon ara Tuareg, ti o so pe awon lo fa ilolu won.&lt;ref name=&quot;newsweek.com3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/fatoumata-diawara-malian-singer-fights-back-against-islamists-63297|title=Fatoumata Diawara: A Malian Singer Fights Back Against Islamists|first=Tracy|last=McNicoll|date=2013-02-05|website=Newsweek|language=en|access-date=2020-03-12}}&lt;/ref&gt; Diawara so wipe ohun nilo lati pariwo pelu orin yi pe ki ilu Mali ji, won ti padanu ara won, ati ise won ati ibi ti won ti wa.&lt;ref name=&quot;newsweek.com4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/fatoumata-diawara-malian-singer-fights-back-against-islamists-63297|title=Fatoumata Diawara: A Malian Singer Fights Back Against Islamists|first=Tracy|last=McNicoll|date=2013-02-05|website=Newsweek|language=en|access-date=2020-03-12}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awon asayan ere ==
[[Fáìlì:Fatoumata_Diawara_at_Wobeon_Festival.JPG|alt=|thumb|Fatoumata Diawara ati egbe e n korin ni ayajo orin onilu ni ilu Austin, texas, odun 2013.]]

* 1996: ''Taafe Fanga'' by Adama Drabo
* 1999: ''La Genèse'' by Cheick Oumar Sissoko: Dina
* 2002: ''Sia, le rêve du python'' by Dani Kouyaté: Sia
* 2008: ''Il va pleuvoir sur Conakry'', by Cheick Fantamady Camara: Siré
* 2010: ''Encourage'', by Eleonora Campanella
* 2010: ''Ni brune ni blonde'', by Abderrahmane Sissako
* 2011: ''Les Contes de la Nuit'', by Michel Ocelot (voice)
* 2013: ''The Africa Express'', by Renaud Barret and Florent de La Tulle: Herself
* 2014: ''Timbuktu (Le chagrin des oiseaux)'', by Abderrahmane Sissako
* 2015: ''Morbayassa'', by Cheick Fantamady Camara: Bella
* 2016: ''Mali Blues'', by Lutz Gregor: Herself
* 2019: ''[http://www.allocine.fr/film/fichefilm_gen_cfilm=253752.html Yao]'', by Philippe Godeau: Gloria

== Itage ==

* 1998: ''Antigone'' by [[Sophocles]]; adapted by Jean-Louis Sagot Duvauroux, production Sotiguy Kouyaté
* 2002–2008: ''Royal de Luxe''; creator Jean-Luc Courcoult
* 2007–2008: ''Kirikou et Karaba'': Karaba

== Aworan iwoye ==

=== Awọn awo-orin ===

* 2011: ''Fatou'' (World Circuit/Nonesuch)
* 2015: ''At Home - Live in Marciac'', Fatoumata Diawara &amp; Roberto Fonseca (Jazz Village)
* 2018: ''Fenfo (Something To Say)'' (Wagram Music/Shanachie Records)

=== Orin Kekeke ati awọn EP ===

* 2011: ''Kanou EP'' (World Circuit/Nonesuch)

=== Awọn ifowosowopo ===

* 2009: Ifihan ninu awo orin ''Léman'' nipasẹ Blick Bassy
* 2010: Ajọ-kikọ ati ifihan ninu awo-orin ''Debademba'' nipasẹ Debademba
* 2010: Ifihan ninu ''The Fojuinu Project'' nipasẹ Herbie Hancock
* 2010: Ifihan ninu awo-orin ''Jamm'' nipasẹ Cheikh Loô
* 2010: Ṣe ifihan ninu orin “N’fletoun” lati inu awo-orin ''Djekpa La Iwọ'' nipasẹ Dobet Gnahoré
* 2011: Ifihan ninu orin “C’est lui ou c’est moi” lati awo-orin ''Cotonou Club'' nipasẹ Orchester Poly-Rythmo de Cotonou
* 2012: Ifihan ninu ''Rocket Oje &amp;amp;amp; Oṣupa'' ( Otitọ Jon's - Iwe-orin)
* 2012: Ifihan ninu orin &quot;Bibissa&quot; lati awo-orin ''Yo'' nipasẹ Roberto Fonseca
* 2012: Ifihan ninu orin “Nothin 'Can Fi Ya” lati awo-orin ''naa Brave Man In The Universe'' nipasẹ Bobby Womack
* 2013: Ifihan ninu orin “Surma” lati awo-orin ''Sketches ti Ethiopia'' nipasẹ Mulatu Astatke
* 2014: Ajọ-kikọ ati ifihan ninu orin &quot;Timbuktu Fasso&quot; lati orin orin ''Timbuktu'' nipasẹ Amine Bouhafa
* 2014: Ifihan ninu orin “Gbogbo rẹ n wa papọ” nipasẹ Walter Hus lati ohun orin lati ṣe ẹya fiimu ''N - The Madness of Reason'' nipasẹ Peter Krüger
* 2018: Ifihan ninu orin “Ultimatum” nipasẹ Ifihan
* 2019: Ifihan ninu orin “Cameroon” nipasẹ Bonaparte (akorin)
* 2020: Ifihan ninu orin “ Désolé ” nipasẹ Gorillaz
* 2020: Ifihan ninu orin &quot; Douha (Mali Mali) &quot; nipasẹ Ifihan

=== Pẹlu Les Balayeurs du désert ===
Nipasẹ ajọṣepọ pẹlu Royal de Luxe ; ọpọlọpọ awọn orin naa ni a ti ṣiṣẹ bi ibamu ni awọn iṣe ita Royal de Luxe 'awọn omiran marionettes' jakejado agbaye.

* 2005: ''Jules Verne Impact'' by Les Balayeurs du désert (apast – Album) (''Y Danse'', ''Hamleti''...)
* 2007: ''La Pequeña'' by Les Balayeurs du désert (Atelier de l'événement – Album) (with an early version of ''Salimata'')

== Awọn itọkasi ==
{{Reflist}}

== Awọn ọna asopọ ita ==

* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00vhwtf BBC Radio 3 - World Routes, November 13, 2010], accessed June 8, 2011.
* [http://www.afropop.org/22280/festivalsurleniger2015/ &quot;Field Report: Festival Sur le Niger 2015&quot; by Tom Pryor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044536/http://www.afropop.org/22280/festivalsurleniger2015/ |date=2016-03-04 }}, accessed November 11, 2015.
* Chabasseur, Eglantine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111206191316/http://www.rfimusique.com/anglais/musique/articles/112/article_8191.asp &quot;Fatoumata Diawara Reinvented&quot;], RFI musique, April 8, 2009, accessed June 8, 2011.
* Cummings, Tim. [https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/oumou-sangare-barbican-hall-london-1675073.html “Oumou Sangare, Barbican Hall, London”], ''The Independent'', April 28, 2009, accessed June 8, 2011.
* Denselow, Robin. [https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/mar/24/orchestre-poly-rythmo-cotonou-club-review?INTCMP=SRCH &quot;Orchestre Poly-Rythmo: Cotonou Club&quot;], ''The Guardian'', March 24, 2011, accessed June 8, 2011.
* Forgan, Kat. &quot;Staff Brenda Bilili&quot;. Songlines, July 2011, pp.&amp;nbsp;104–105.
* Phillips, Glyn. [http://www.worldmusic.co.uk/afrocubism_afrocubism &quot;AfroCubism&quot;], WorldMusic.co.uk, accessed June 8, 2011.
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1982]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
      <sha1>r5n3uhsb3ditd0zh6k0mxb8xvryco7k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ime Bishop Umoh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70315</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637771</id>
      <parentid>560542</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:47:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637771</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4753" sha1="th9rzj79wgdgyf16qw3oy0qv2nkyj68" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name = Ime Bishop
| image  =
| birth_name  = Ime Bishop Umoh
| birth_date  = 15 July 1981
| birth_place = [[Nsit Ibom]], [[Akwa Ibom State]]
| nationality = [[Nigerian]]
| alma_mater = [[University Of Uyo]] | other_names = [[Okon Lagos]] 
| occupation  = [[actor]], [[comedian]]
| spouse = {{married|[[Idara Bishop]]|2013}}
| children   = (2) 
}}

'''Ime Bishop''', tí wọ́n tún pè ní'''Okon Lagos''' tàbí '''Udo Yes''', jẹ́ òṣèré orí-ìtàgé , aláwàdà ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]] [[Nigeria]].

== ìbẹ̀ré ayé àti iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==

Ime jẹ́ ọmọ bíbí agbègbè Nsit Ibom àti [[ẹ̀yà Ìbíòbíó]]  láti [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Akwa Ibom]]. Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ [[Yunifásitì Uyo]] níbi tí ó ti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gboyè nínú ẹ̀kọ́ philosophy. 
Ó ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ síṣe eré orí-ìtàgé láti ìgbà tí ó yo wà ní ọmọdé, lẹ́yìn tí ó ti dara pọ̀ mọ́ [[Nollywood]] ó ti kópa nínú eré tí ó ti tó ọgọ́rùn ún. Eré tí ó gbe ìràwọ rẹ̀ jáde ni ''Uyai'', eré tí ọ̀gbẹ́ni Emem Isong gbé jáde ní ọdún 2008. 
&lt;ref&gt;https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ime-bishop-umoh-10-things-you-should-know-about-nollywood-actor/hly72v0&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/12/the-quality-of-comedy-in-me-can-be-bottled-sold-bishop-umoh/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìfọwọ́ sí rẹ̀ ==
* Ó jẹ́ aṣojú olùpolngo fún àjọ [[Globacom]] ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/07/glo-signs-on-28-ambassadors-mama-g-wizkid-ay-p-square-korede-bello-top-list/| title=Glo signs on 28 ambassadors; Mama G, Wizkid, AY, P-Square , Korede Bello top list | date=1 July 2015 |newspaper=Vanguard | location=Nigeria |accessdate=18 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìyànsípò ìṣèlú rẹ̀ ==
Wọ́n yan Ime sí ipò olùdámọ̀ràn pàtàkì sí Gómìnà [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Akwa Ibom]], ìyẹn [[Udom Gabriel Emmanuel]] lórí ìlanilọ́yẹ̀ fún ará ìlú.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://thenewsnigeria.com.ng/2016/05/nollywood-actor-imeh-bishop-umoh-appointed-sa-to-akwa-ibom-governor |title= Nollywood actor appointed SA to Akwa ibom governor |publisher= Thenewsnigeria. |accessdate= 10 October 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn amì-ẹ̀yẹ àti ìfisọ́rí rẹ̀ ==

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!Ọdún
!Ayẹyẹ
!Ẹ̀bùn
!Ẹni tí ó gbàá
!Èsì
|-
|2012
|[[2012 Best of Nollywood Awards]]
|Comedy Movie of the year
|Okon lagos 2
|{{won}}
|-
|2013
|[[2013 Best of Nollywood Awards]]
|Comedy of the year
|Okon goes to school
|{{won}}
|-
|2013
|[[2013 Nollywood Movies Awards]]
|Best Actor in Supporting Role
|Udeme Mmi
|{{won}}
|-
|2014
|[[2014 Best of Nollywood Awards]]
|Best Comedy of the year
|I come lagos
|{{won}}
|-
|2016
|2016 Nigeria Teen Choice Awards
|Comic Actor of the year(English)
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://evatese.com/full-list-winners-nigerian-teen-choice-awards-2016 |title=2016 NTCA Awards |date=2 June 2016 |access-date=27 October 2020 |archive-date=12 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141241/http://www.evatese.com/full-list-winners-nigerian-teen-choice-awards-2016/ |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|{{nom}}
|-
|2016 
|[[2016 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]]
|Best Actor in a comedy
|Caught in the Act
|{{nom}}
|- 
|2017
|[[2017 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]]
|Best Actor In Comedy
|[[The Boss is Mine]]
|{{won}}
|-
|}

== Àwọn àṣàyàn eré rẹ̀ ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;background: #bfd;&quot;
|-
! Àkọ́lé
! Ọdún
|-
! [[Uyai]]
!2008
|-
! [[Edikan]]
!2009
|-
! [[Silent Scandals]]
!2009
|-
!The Head Office
!2011
|-
!Vulcanizer
!2011
|-
! [[Okon Lagos]]
!2011 
|-
! [[Udeme mmi]]
!2012
|-
!Okon goes to school
!2012
|-
!Sak Sio
!2012
|-
!Jump and pass 
!2013
|-
!The place 
!2013
|-
! The champion 
|
|-
!Okon the driver
!2014
|-
!Okon on the run
!2014
|-
!Okon and Jennifer
!2015
|-
!Udo Facebook
!2015
|-
! [[The Boss Is Mine]]
!2016
|-
!Lost In London
!2017
|-
! Unroyal
!2020
|}

Ime kópa nínú fọ́nrán fídíò kan tí wọ́n oè ní ''Pregnant Man'' lẹ́yìn tí ìsémọ́lé [[ajàkálẹ̀ àrùn COVID-9]] rọlẹ̀ díẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=IoIDcWSp89k&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ẹ tún wo ==
*[[Mc Galaxy]]
*[[Ini Edo]]

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Ìtàkùn ìjásóde==
{{IMDb name|3884212}}
{{Twitter|id=imebishopokon|name=Ime Bishop Umoh}}


{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Umoh, Ime Bishop}}
[[Category:People from Akwa Ibom State]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1981]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Category:Nigerian male film actors]]
[[Category:21st-century Nigerian male actors]]
[[Category:University of Uyo alumni]]

{{Nigeria-actor-stub}}</text>
      <sha1>th9rzj79wgdgyf16qw3oy0qv2nkyj68</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Iretiola Doyle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70356</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637774</id>
      <parentid>594391</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:51:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637774</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6300" sha1="cq85z14a3pefgjcx27xwqle9ca5tu4g" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Ìrètíọlá Doyle|birth_name=Ìrètíọlá Olúṣọlá Àyìnkẹ́|birth_date=ọjọ́ 3 Oṣù Karùn-ún Ọdún 1967|alma mater=Yunifásitì ti Jos|notable works=The Wedding Party (2016)|occupation=òṣèré|birth_place=Ìpínlẹ̀ Òndó}}

'''Ìrètíọlá Doyle''' (tí orúkọ ìbí jẹ́ '''Ìrètíọlá Olúṣọlá Àyìnkẹ́''' ) jẹ́ òṣèré ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2013/08/patrick-took-his-time-convincing-me-to-date-him-iretiola-doyle/|title=Patrick took his time convincing me to date him –Iretiola Doyle|publisher=dailyindependentnig.com|accessdate=12 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/03/02/bn-saturday-celebrity-interview-in-her-40s-and-proud-tinsel-star-actress-ireti-doyle-steps-into-her-own-an-intimate-interview-on-teenage-pregnancy-motherhood-family/|title=N Saturday Celebrity Interview: In Her 40s and Proud, Tinsel Star Actress Ireti Doyle Steps into Her Own! An Intimate Interview on Teenage Pregnancy, Motherhood &amp; Family|publisher=bellanaija.com|accessdate=12 August 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Ireti_Doyle_at_AMVCA_2020_62_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Ireti Doyle nibi ayẹyẹ AMVCA ti 2020]]

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ==
A bí Doyle ní ọjọ́ 3 Oṣù Karùn-ún Ọdún 1967 ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Òndó|Ìpínlẹ̀ Òndó]] ṣùgbọ́n ó lo àwọn ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ẹbí rẹ̀ ní [[Boston]], orílẹ̀-èdè [[Amẹ́ríkà|Amẹ́ríkà]]. Lẹ́hìn tí ó padà sí Nàìjíríà, ó lọ sí Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Christ's School ní Adó Èkìtì ó sì parí ilé-ìwé gíga [[Yunifásítì ìlú Jos|Yunifásitì ti Jos]] pẹ̀lú oyè ní [[Tíátà|Eré Tíátà.]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://m.modernghana.com/mobile/3211/4/how-my-boss-became-my-husbandiretiola-olusola-ayin.html|website=Modern Ghana|title=HOW MY BOSS BECAME MY HUSBAND..........IRETIOLA OLUSOLA AYINKE DOYLE|date=November 2, 2008|accessdate=October 25, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ìṣe ==
Fún ìgbà tó ti lé ní ogún ọdún ní ìdi iṣẹ́ eré ìdárayá ti [[Nàìjíríà]], Ìrètíọlá ti ní lórúkọ rẹ̀, àwọn iṣẹ́ lọ́lọ́kan-ò-jọ̀kan láti orí ìpele dé tẹlifíṣọ̀nù àti fíìmù.

Ìrètíọlá Doyle jẹ́ ònkọ̀wé, òṣèré, olùgbéréjáde àti atọ́kùn ètò. Ó ṣe àgbéjáde àti àgbékalẹ̀ ètò kan tí ó dá lóri oge ṣíṣe àti ọ̀rọ̀ ìgbésí ayé tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;Oge With Iretiola&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/oge-with-iretiola/431866/|title=Oge with Iretiola|website=TVGuide.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-22|archive-date=2017-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811222533/http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/oge-with-iretiola/431866/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; fún ọdún mẹ́wàá, ó sì tún ṣe atọ́kùn ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ètò tẹlifíṣọ̀nù bíi ''Morning Ride'' pẹ̀lu ''Today'' lóri ìkànnì STV àti ''Nimasa This Week'' lóri ìkànnì Channels TV .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=http://www.agency106.com/iretiola-doyle/ |access-date=2020-10-30 |archive-date=2017-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811233123/http://www.agency106.com/iretiola-doyle/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó jẹ́ ònkọ̀wé, ó sì ti kọ ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn eré.

Ó ti rí yíyàn lẹ́ẹ̀kan rí fún ẹ̀ka ti òṣèré tí ó dára jùlọ níbi ayẹyẹ Reel Awards ní ọdún 1998 fún ipa rẹ̀ nínu fíìmù ''All About Eré'' àti lẹ́ẹ̀mejì fún ẹ̀ka ti òṣèré amúgbálẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ tí ó dára jùlọ níbi ayẹyẹ  AMAA Awards ní ọdún 2007 àti 2009 fún àwọn ipa rẹ̀ nínu ''Sitanda'' àti ''Across The Niger''. Wọ́n sì tún ti kéde rẹ̀ rí gẹ́gẹ́ bi òṣèré tí ó dára jùlọ ní ipa asíwájú níbi ayẹyẹ GIAMA Awards tí ó wáyé ní ìlú [[Houston|Houston Texas]] ní ọdún 2013, àti  gẹ́gẹ́ bi òṣèré tí ó dára jùlọ ní ipa asíwájú níbi ayẹyẹ Nollywood Movie Awards ti ọdún 2014 fún ipa rẹ̀ ti Ovo, nínu eré aṣaragágá ''Torn''. Iṣé yìí tún fun lánfàní yíyàn fún àmì ẹ̀yẹòṣèré amúgbálẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ tí ó dára jùlọ ní ọdún 2015 níbi ''African Magic Viewers' Choice Awards''. Wọ́n tún yàán fún àmì ẹ̀yẹ míràn ní ọdún 2016 fún ipa asíwájú tí ó kó gẹ́gẹ́ bi Dr. Elizabeth nínu fíìmù Ebony Life aláṣeyọrí kan ti ọdún 2015 tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ FIFTY.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/|title=IRETI DOYLE – Fifty|website=fiftythemovie.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-22|archive-date=2017-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171205233827/http://fiftythemovie.com/ireti-doyle/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àtòjọ àwọn fíìmù rẹ̀ ==

=== Fíìmù ===

* ''Across the Niger''
* ''Sitanda''
* ''Torn''
* ''The Therapist (2015)''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Monalisa Chinda, Lisa Omorodion, Ireti Doyle star in upcoming movie|url=http://pulse.ng/movies/the-therapist-monalisa-chinda-lisa-omorodion-ireti-doyle-star-in-upcoming-movie-id3773129.html|website=Pulse Nigeria|date=19 May 2015|publisher=Chidumga Izuzu|accessdate=19 May 2015|archive-date=20 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520122635/http://pulse.ng/movies/the-therapist-monalisa-chinda-lisa-omorodion-ireti-doyle-star-in-upcoming-movie-id3773129.html|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''Fifty'' (2015)
* ''The Arbitration'' (2016)
* ''The Wedding Party'' (2016)
* ''Dinner'' (2016)
* ''The Wedding Party 2'' (2017)
* ''Merry Men: The Real Yoruba Demons'' (2018)
* ''Kasanova'' (2019)
* ''Merry Men 2''(2019)

=== Eré orí tẹlifíṣọ̀ọ̀nù ===

* ''Tinsel''
* ''For Coloured Girls'' (2011) {{efn|''For Colored Girls'' shouldn't be confused with Tyler Perry's 2010 film of the same name. It is actually the Nigerian adaptation of the American stage play, ''[[For colored girls who have considered suicide / when the rainbow is enuf]]''.|group=upper-alpha}}
* ''Gidi Up'' (2014–present).

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]</text>
      <sha1>cq85z14a3pefgjcx27xwqle9ca5tu4g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Abiodun Koya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70389</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637702</id>
      <parentid>596491</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T00:58:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637702</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4613" sha1="080rfj9zrxgbqvltuf45xhrn4yzz4dv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Abiodun Koya|birth_date=ọjọ́ kejìlélólógún Oṣu kejìlá ọdún 1980|occupation=akọrin, akewi, òṣèré, ònkọ̀wé|citizenship=Nàìjíríà}}

'''Abiodun (Abi) Koya''' (A bí ní ọjọ́ kejìlélólógún Oṣu kejìlá ọdún 1980) ó jẹ́ ọmọ abínibí ìlú Nàijíríà, ó jẹ́ olórin aláìlẹ́gbẹ́, akọrin, akewi, òṣèré, ònkọ̀wé ati onínúrere tí ó tẹ̀dó sí ìlú Amẹrika.'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-04-30 |title=Our Yoruba movies turn me off – Abiodun Koya |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/04/yoruba-movies-turn-off-abiodun-koya/ |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;'''

Ó jẹ́ ọkán nínú awọ́n ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n akọrin tín se abínibí ìlú [[Áfíríkà]] tó gba ẹ̀kọ́ orin aláìlẹ́gbẹ́. Wọ́n pèé ni akọrin àwọn àarẹ àti Ọba. Abiodun Koya tí korin ní [[White House]], níbi àwọn ìfíníjóyè àarẹ ati ni Apejọ National Democratic. A bíi ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn]] ti Nàijíríà, bàbá rẹ̀ gbàá níyànjú lórí orin nípa ṣíṣe àfíhàn orin aláìlẹ́gbẹ́ fun u ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́ta, Koya nifẹ sí orin nígbàtí ó di ọmọ ọdún mẹ́fà, ó ma ń ta [[violin]], ó sì maa n kọrin aláìlẹ́gbẹ́ ní ilé ijọsin. Ó kúrò ní ìlú [[Nàìjíríà]] ní ọdun 2001 lọ sí [[Amẹrika]] níbití ó ti kẹkọọ Ìṣàkóso Ìṣòwò ní Ilé-ẹkọ́ gíga [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], Washington, DC. Ó tẹ̀síwájú láti kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ orin fún àléfà óyè rẹ̀ ní Ilé-ẹkọ́ gíga Kátólíkì, Washington. DC &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Group |first=Edward Sylvan, CEO of Sycamore Entertainment |date=2022-01-16 |title=Rising Star Abiodun Koya On The Five Things You Need To Shine In The Music Industry |url=https://medium.com/authority-magazine/rising-star-abiodun-koya-on-the-five-things-you-need-to-shine-in-the-music-industry-1ace268b2c9e |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=Authority Magazine |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Cliche |date=2021-12-29 |title=Cliché Interview with Nigerian-Born Classical Singer Abiodun Koya |url=https://www.clichemag.com/celebrity-news/interviews-celebrity-news/cliche-interview-with-nigerian-born-classical-singer-abiodun-koya/ |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=Digital Online Fashion Magazine {{!}} Free Fashion Magazine {{!}} Fashion Magazine Online |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nígbà tí ó n kọrin fún diẹ nínú àwọn ólùdarí gbajúgbajà àgbáyé ní òde òní, á ti ṣe àpèjúwe rẹ̀ bi ọ̀kan nínú àwọn ohùn tí ó dára jùlọ ní àgbáyé. Ó ti kọrin káàkiri àgbáyé fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ólùdarí àgbáyé pẹ̀lú àwọn àarẹ ati ọba, àwọn íkọ̀, ati àwọn ọmọ ilé-ìgbìmọ̀ ijọ́bá. Ní ọdún 2009 ó ṣe àgbéjáde àkjopọ̀ tí àwọn éwì ìfẹ́ rẹ̀ tí a pè ní &quot;Ìṣesí Ọmọ ọba-bìnrin&quot;.
Koya jẹ́ olórí Àjọ ẹ̀bùn, ó sì maa n ṣe àwọn iṣẹ́ ìtọ́ni. Àjọ ẹ̀bùn rẹ̀ n pèse àwọn síkọ́láshípù fún àwọn ọmọbìrin ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn orílẹ́-èdè Áfíríkà&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-04-30 |title=Our Yoruba movies turn me off – Abiodun Koya |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/04/yoruba-movies-turn-off-abiodun-koya/ |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=Vanguard News |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About Us - Abiodun Koya Foundation |url=http://abiodunkoyafoundation.org/about.php |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=abiodunkoyafoundation.org |archive-date=2021-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202182746/http://abiodunkoyafoundation.org/about.php |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Ladybrille.com |date=2008-05-15 |title=Africa's Opera Divas, Chinwe Enu &amp; Abiodun Koya ~ Ladybrille® Blogazine |url=http://ladybrille.blogspot.com/2008/05/africas-opera-divas-chinwe-enu-abiodun.html |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=Africa's Opera Divas, Chinwe Enu &amp; Abiodun Koya ~ Ladybrille® Blogazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Best Bobby Jones Gospel Moments: Season 35, Episode 5 |url=https://www.bet.com/photo-gallery/uwot0w/best-bobby-jones-gospel-moments-season-35-episode-5/qbd8yv |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=BET |language=en |archive-date=2022-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121055933/https://www.bet.com/photo-gallery/uwot0w/best-bobby-jones-gospel-moments-season-35-episode-5/qbd8yv |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìtọ́ka Sí ==</text>
      <sha1>080rfj9zrxgbqvltuf45xhrn4yzz4dv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jimmie Johnson</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70435</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637787</id>
      <parentid>621050</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:23:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637787</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1965" sha1="6xgl9x35jopautfrykk3917lt7g7zfa" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jimmie Johnson Dover 2018 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Jimmie Johnson]]
'''Jimmie Kenneth Johnson''' (bi ni [[El Cajon, California]], September 17, 1975) jẹ ẹya American ọjọgbọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Isare.

Johnson dun ninu [[NASCAR Cup Series]] lati akoko 2002 si 2020 pẹlu ẹgbẹ [[Hendrick Motorsports]]. Ni yi jara o gba meje oyè: 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013 ati 2016 ati equaled awọn igbasilẹ ti [[Richard Petty]] ati [[Dale Earnhardt]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Fryer|first=Jenna|title=Jimmie Johnson seizes record-tying 7th NASCAR championship|url=http://racing.ap.org/article/jimmie-johnson-seizes-record-tying-7th-nascar-championship|accessdate=November 20, 2016|work=Associated Press|agency=[[Associated Press]]|publisher=AP Sports|date=November 20, 2016|location=[[Homestead, Florida]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124091427/http://racing.ap.org/article/jimmie-johnson-seizes-record-tying-7th-nascar-championship|archive-date=November 24, 2016|url-status=dead|archivedate=November 24, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124091427/http://racing.ap.org/article/jimmie-johnson-seizes-record-tying-7th-nascar-championship|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lati 2021 Johnson lọ si IndyCar lati darapọ mọ ẹgbẹ Ere-ije [[Chip Ganassi Racing]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://au.lifestyle.yahoo.com/jimmie-johnson-will-race-in-indy-car-in-2021-and-2022-152843041.html Seven-time NASCAR Cup Series champion Jimmie Johnson will race in IndyCar in 2021 and 2022] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922204316/https://au.lifestyle.yahoo.com/jimmie-johnson-will-race-in-indy-car-in-2021-and-2022-152843041.html |date=2020-09-22 }}. Yahoo Sports.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Itọkasi==
{{reflist}}

==Awọn ọna asopọ ita==
{{commons}}
*[http://www.jimmiejohnson.com Oju opo wẹẹbu osise] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220072156/https://www.jimmiejohnson.com/ |date=2019-12-20 }}
{{igbesiaye|1975||Johnson, Jimmie}}</text>
      <sha1>6xgl9x35jopautfrykk3917lt7g7zfa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ini Ikpe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70629</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637772</id>
      <parentid>576073</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:48:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637772</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2507" sha1="pab0neztcrfs46vbf79a6u14r8deckh" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox person|name=Ini Ikpe|birth_name=Ini Simon Ikpe|birth_place=[[Akwa Ibom]], [[Nigeria]]|occupation=[[Actress]]|years_active=2004 - Till Date|spouse=Hon Joe Etukudo|citizenship=Nàìjíríà}}
'''Ini Ikpe''' jẹ́ òṣèrébìnrin ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]]. Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ fíìmù rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2003, ó sì ti kópa nínu àwọn fíìmù tó lé ní ọgọ́rùn-ún láti ìgbà náà. Ní ọdún 2012, ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ amúgbálẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ òṣèré tí ó dára jùlọ fún ti ipa rẹ̀ nínu eré tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''Kokomma''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Debrah 20122&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-segmentid=&quot;53&quot; class=&quot;cx-segment&quot;&gt;wọn&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/ref&gt; Eré  ''Kokomma'' náà tún ní àwọn ìyẹ́sí mẹ́ta ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ níbi ayẹyẹ 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards.&lt;ref name=&quot;Debrah 20123&quot;&gt;&lt;span data-segmentid=&quot;53&quot; class=&quot;cx-segment&quot;&gt;tọ́k&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ==
Ini Ikpe jẹ́ ẹ̀yà [[Ọmọ Ibibio|Ibibio]] láti [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Akwa Íbọm]], Nàìjíríà. Olùkọ́ ilé-ìwé ni ìyá rẹ̀, bàbá rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ alàgbà ilé ìjọsìn kan. Òun ni àbílé kẹẹ̀rin nínu àwọn ọmọ mẹ́fa ti òbí rẹ̀. Ó lọ sí Cornelius Connely College tí ó wà ní ìlú [[Calabar]] fún ètò ẹ̀kọ̀ girama rẹ̀. Ó jẹ́ ọ̀rẹ́ pẹ̀lú [[Ini Edo|Ini Ẹdó]], lẹ́ni tí wọ́n dì jọ lọ sí ilé-ìwé kan náà. Ó wọ agbo eré ìdárayá nípasẹ̀ Ini Ẹdó àti Emem Isong tí wọ́n ṣe ọ̀rẹ́ rẹ̀.

== Iṣẹ́ ìṣe rẹ̀ ==
Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ òṣèré rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2004 pẹ̀lú kíkópa nínu eré tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''Yahoo Millionaire.''

== Àwọn àṣàyàn eré rẹ̀ ==

* ''Yahoo Millionaire''
* ''The Greatest Sacrifice''
* ''Kokomma''
* ''I'll Take My Chances''

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

== Àwọn ìtakùn Ìjásóde ==

* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm303067 Ini Ikpe IMDb] {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [https://pulzenaija.com/celebrity-bio/nigerian-celebrity/ini-ikpe-net-worth/ Pulzenaija.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608204716/https://pulzenaija.com/celebrity-bio/nigerian-celebrity/ini-ikpe-net-worth/ |date=2019-06-08 }}


[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn òṣeré ará Nàìjíríà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Ọdún ọjọ́ìbí kòsí (àwọn ènìyàn alààyè)]]</text>
      <sha1>pab0neztcrfs46vbf79a6u14r8deckh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Liu Yandong</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>71149</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637812</id>
      <parentid>546443</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:14:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637812</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8535" sha1="eurf12xyxcliw4ixxg24r3goyditqkv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
|name         = Liu Yandong
|native_name  = {{lang|zh-cn|{{nobold|刘延东}}}}
|image        = Liu Yandong 2016 in Cologne -9806.jpg
|imagesize    = 
|caption      = Liu Yandong in 2016
|order        =
|office      = [[Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China]]
|premier     = [[Li Keqiang]]
|alongside    = [[Zhang Gaoli]], [[Wang Yang (politician)|Wang Yang]], [[Ma Kai]]
|term_start  = March 16, 2013
|term_end    = March 19, 2018
|office2       = [[State Councilor of the People's Republic of China]]
|alongside2    = [[Liang Guanglie]], [[Ma Kai]], [[Meng Jianzhu]], [[Dai Bingguo]]
|premier2      = [[Wen Jiabao]]
|term_start2   = March 17, 2008
|term_end2     = March 16, 2013
|predecessor2  =
|successor2    =
|order3       =  Head of the [[United Front Work Department]] of the [[Central Committee of the Communist Party of China|Central Committee]]
|term_start3  = December 2002
|term_end3    = December 2007
|1blankname3  = General&amp;nbsp;Secretary
|1namedata3   = [[Hu Jintao]]
|predecessor3 = [[Wang Zhaoguo]]
|successor3 = [[Du Qinglin]]
|birth_date   = {{birth date and age|1945|11|22}}
|birth_place  = [[Nantong]], [[Jiangsu]]
|death_date   =
|death_place  =
|nationality  = Chinese
|party        = [[Communist Party of China]]
|spouse       =
|alma_mater   = [[Tsinghua University]]
|occupation   =
|signature    =
|footnotes    =
}}
[[File:Liu Yandong with Reuven Rivlin 2016 (1).jpg|thumbnail|Liu Yandong with the [[President of Israel]] Reuven Rivlin March, 2016]]
{{Chinese|s=刘延东|t=劉延東|p=Liú Yándōng|order=st}}
'''Liu Yandong '''({{zh|c=刘延东}}; tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ méjìlélógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1945 nẹ́ olóṣèlú ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè [[China]] tí ó ti fìgbà kan tẹ́lẹ̀ rí jẹ́ igbákejì olórí orílẹ̀-èdè [[China]] tẹ́lẹ̀ rí, ó sì jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú [[Politburo of the Communist Party of China]] láàrín ọdún 2007 sí 2017, ó sì tún jẹ́ àbójútó ní Ìpínlẹ̀ kan ní orílẹ̀-èdè China, ba kan náà ni ó tún adarí fún ilé-iṣẹ́ [[United Front Work Department]] lábẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú ''Comminuty'' láàrín ọdún 2002 sí 2007.
Liu ni ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gboyè ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ [[Tsinghua University]], ni ó sì ti ń ṣiṣẹ́ ribiribi fún ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ jáde lábẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ '''Communist Youth League''  [[Hu Jintao]], fúndí èyí, ìwé ìròyìn kan tilẹ̀ ṣe àpèjúwe Liu gẹ́gẹ́ bí  &quot;''[[Tuanpai]]''&quot; ní èdè China, tàbí &quot;Youth League clique&quot; ní èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì. Liu ni wọ́n tún mọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí gbajú-gbajà [[obìnrin]] olóṣèlú lẹ́yìn tí arabìnrin [[Wu Yi (politician)|Wu Yi]], ti fẹ̀yìn tí gẹ́gẹ́ bí olóṣèlú ní orílẹ̀-èdè China.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/16/china-liu-yandong-feminism-politics|title=China's Liu Yandong carries the hopes – and fears – of modern feminism|author=Tania Branigan|work=the Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;


===Ibẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ olóṣèlú===
Liu Yandong ni wọ́n bí ní agbègbè [[Nantong|Nantong]], ní [[Jiangsu]] tí ó jẹ́ olú-ìlú fún orílẹ̀-èdè [[China]] nígbà náà. Bàbá rẹ̀ Liu Ruilong ni ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára Àwọn olùdásílẹ̀ ''14th Army of the Reds'', àwọn ọmọ ogun tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ láti fi ìjìjà-n-gbara. Àwọn [[ènìyàn]] ma ń bu ọlá fún Yandong látàrí wípé bàbá rẹ̀ jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn tí awọ́n ja ìjàngbara fún orílẹ̀-èdè èdè China, lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, wọ́n ma ń tọ́ka sí Liu gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[Princelings|princeling]].  Liu wọ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ [[Tsinghua University]] ní ọdún 1964,tí ó sì kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ jáde ní ọdún 1970 gẹ́gẹ́ bí onímọ̀ [[ìṣègùn]]. Ní àsìkò tí ó wà ní akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nílé ẹ̀kọ́, ó wà lára àwọn tí wọ́n kọ àwọn akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ nípa ẹ̀kọ́ ìṣèlú. 
Lẹ́yìn tí ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gboyè, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ń ṣíṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ onímọ̀ ìpoògùn ní ìlú [[Tangshan]]. Ní ọdún 1980, wọ́n gbe lọ láti lọ ṣiṣẹ́ fún ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú kan ní ìlú [[Beijing]], wọ́n sì fi ṣe ìgbá kejì olórí ẹgbẹ́ ọ̀hún ní ọdún 1981, ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ń ṣiṣẹ́ fún ẹgbẹ́ [[Communist Youth League]] ní ọdún 1982 níbi tí ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú àwọn akẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ kan [[Wang Zhaoguo]], [[Hu Jintao]], àti [[Song Defu]]. Ó ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú Youth League fún odidi ọdún mẹ́sàn an gbáko.  She worked at the Youth League for nine years. During this time she served as Chairwoman of the [[All-China Youth Federation]].

Nígbà tí ó di inú osù kẹta 9d7n 1991, Liu bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú [[United Front Work Department]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí igbá kejì akọ̀wé àgbà. Ẹnu ìṣeẹ́ yí ni ó wà tí ó ti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gboyè ọ̀mọ̀wé àti ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n ní ilé ẹ̀kọ́ [[Renmin University]] àti [[Jilin University]].

===Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní United Front Work===
Láàrín ọdún 2002 sí 2007, ó ṣiṣẹ́ ngẹ́gẹ́ bí adarí United Front Work, wọ́n sì yàn an sípò igbá kejì alága ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú [[Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]]. Látàrí wípé ó ti ṣíṣe pẹ̀lú akọ̀wé àgbà àgbà ẹgbẹ́ náà, ìyẹn [[Hu Jintao]], ati ipa ribiribi tí ó ti kò nínú Communist Youth League, ó wọ inú ẹgbẹ́ òṣèlú [[Politburo of the Communist Party of China]] ní ọdún 2007. Dídara pọ̀ tí ó dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ yí ni wọ́n ti ń fojú sùn ún wípé ó lè di igbákejì aṣojú ẹkùn rẹ̀. Liu ni ó ẹ́ obìnrin olóṣèlú kan ṣoṣo tí ó fẹsẹ̀ múlẹ̀ jùlọ tí ó sì ṣe é ṣe kí ó de ipò '''Politburo''' tí ó jẹ́ ipò ìṣèlú tí ó ga jùlọ nílẹ̀ China. Ní àsìkò ìdìbò, wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí igbákejì sí ipò [[State Council of the People's Republic of China|State Council]], lábẹ́ ẹgbẹ́ ìṣèlú . Oun náà tún ni wọ́n fi ṣe ìgbà kejì alága [[Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games]].

==Ìgbé ayé rẹ̀==
Liu ṣe ìgbéyàwó ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2009, ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ [[Stony Brook University]] fi amì-ẹ̀yẹ [[Doctor of Laws]] da arabìnrin Liu lọ́lá. 

==Ẹ tún lè wo ==
* [[Tsinghua clique]]

==Àwọn itọ́ka sí==
{{reflist}}

== Àwọn Ìtàkùn ìjásóde==
* {{in lang|zh}} [http://news.xinhuanet.com/misc/2002-12/30/content_674518.htm Profile of Liu Yandong] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170402001726/http://news.xinhuanet.com/misc/2002-12/30/content_674518.htm |date=2017-04-02 }}, [[Xinhua News Agency]].
* [http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/special/18cpcnc/2012-11/15/c_131977294.htm Biography] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401201250/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/special/18cpcnc/2012-11/15/c_131977294.htm |date=2017-04-01 }} [[Xinhua]] (November 2012)

{{-}}
{{S-start}}
{{S-ppo}}
{{succession box | before  = [[Wang Zhaoguo]] | title = Head of the [[CPC Central Committee]] [[United Front Work Department]] | years = 2002–2007 | after = [[Du Qinglin]] }}
{{S-end}}

{{17th Politburo of the Communist Party of China}}
{{18th Politburo of the Communist Party of China}}
{{12th State Council}}
{{Vice Premiers of the People's Republic of China}}
{{State councillors}}
{{CPPCC Vice-Chairpersons}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Liu, Yandong}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1945]]
[[Category:Politicians from Nantong]]
[[Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu]]
[[Category:Chinese Communist Party politicians from Jiangsu]]
[[Category:Vice Premiers of the People's Republic of China]]
[[Category:Vice Chairpersons of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference]]
[[Category:Members of the 18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party]]
[[Category:Tsinghua University alumni]]
[[Category:Chemists from Jiangsu]]
[[Category:Chinese women in politics]]
[[Category:Women state councillors of China]]
[[Category:Members of the 17th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party]]
[[Category:21st-century women politicians]]</text>
      <sha1>eurf12xyxcliw4ixxg24r3goyditqkv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Al Sharpton</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>71237</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637709</id>
      <parentid>547548</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:12:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637709</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2923" sha1="17c7bekt5ampralo1he4exi7by05z4h" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
|honorific_prefix = [[The Reverend|Ẹni Ọ̀wọ̀]]
|name         = Al Sharpton
|image        = File:George_Floyd_family_lawyer,_Attorney_Ben_Crump_(L)_and_Rev._Al_Sharpton,_outside_the_Hennepin_County_Government_Center_(51083634737)_(cropped).jpg
|caption      = Sharpton in 2021
|birth_name   = Alfred Charles Sharpton Jr.
|birth_date   = {{birth date and age|1954|10|3}}
|birth_place  = [[New York City]], U.S.
|death_date   = 
|death_place  = 
|occupation   = [[Baptist]] [[Minister (Christianity)|minister]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Civil rights]]/[[social justice]] [[Activism|activist]]&lt;br /&gt;Radio and television talk show host
|party        = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
|education    = [[Brooklyn College]] (attended)
|years_active = 1969–present
|spouse       = Marsha Tinsley (less than a year)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Ellen Warren |title=Al Sharpton: Reinventing himself |quote=At 20, Sharpton married recording artist Marsha Tinsley but it lasted less than a year. |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |date=November 20, 2003 |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/sns-2004election-sharptonprofile-story.html#page=1 |access-date=November 22, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{marriage|Kathy Jordan|1980|2004|reason={{abbr|sep.|separated}}}}
}}

'''Alfred Charles Sharpton Jr.'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=CNN Library |title=Al Sharpton Fast Facts |quote=Birth name: Alfred Charles Sharpton, Jr. |newspaper=[[CNN]] |date=March 3, 2013 |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/03/22/us/al-sharpton-fast-facts/ |access-date=November 22, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; (ọjọ́ìbí October 3, 1954) jẹ́ alákitiyan [[civil rights|ẹ̀tọ́ aráàlú]] ará Amẹ́ríkà, ọ̀jíṣẹ́ [[Baptists|Ìjọ onítẹ̀bọmi]], atọ́kùn ètò ìbánisọ̀rọ̀&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalactionnetwork.net/about.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090529105446/http://www.nationalactionnetwork.net/about.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 29, 2009 |title=National Action Network – About Us }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,75751,00.html |title=Bio: Rev. Al Sharpton |date=August 27, 2003 |publisher=Fox News |access-date=September 24, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522064831/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,75751,00.html |archive-date=May 22, 2013 |url-status=dead |archivedate=May 22, 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522064831/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,75751,00.html |deadurl=yes  }}&lt;/ref&gt; àti olóṣèlú.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/al-sharpton-msnbc-host-politicsnation_n_934227|title=It's Official: Sharpton Gets MSNBC Hosting Gig|first=Jack|last=Mirkinson|date=August 23, 2011|website=HuffPost}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sharpton ni olùdásílẹ̀ àjọ [[National Action Network]]. 

{{ekunrere}}
==Ìtọ́kasí==
{{reflist}}
{{igbesiaye|1954||Sharpton Al}}
[[ẹ̀ka:Àwọn alákitiyan ará Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>17c7bekt5ampralo1he4exi7by05z4h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Abẹ́lé</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>71285</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637703</id>
      <parentid>547867</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T01:07:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637703</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3101" sha1="aldd9g5ck35ei6ocupnd518bz4ipfky" xml:space="preserve">'''Abẹ́lé''' jẹ́ ìlànà mímú àwọn ẹranko àti ewéko látinu igbó wásílé lati múwọndára tàbí yíwọnpadà fún lílò àwa èníyàn bóyá fún ónjẹ,iṣẹ́,aṣọ,oògùn,bàtà àtibẹ́ẹ̀lọ.

== Ohun ọ̀gbìn==
Láti nkan bii ẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún mẹ́wàá sẹ́yìn (10,000 years) làwọn ènìyàn ti n ṣàwárí àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn onírúunrú láàárín àwọn àgbègbè bíi Tígírísì,Efurete ní Mẹsopotámíà towadi Iran,Iraq,Turkey ati Siria loni,wọ́n farabalẹ ṣayẹwo ohun ọgbin kọọkan àti eweko biwọn ṣele gbìín tómáafidáa láti mú ónjẹ jáde.
Lára àwọn ohun ọ̀gbìn tiwọn kọkọ lo ilana abẹlé fun lawọn orilẹede bíi Mesopotamia,Asia,Áfíríkà,apa iwọ ati ila oorun Amerika ni alikama,ọka bali,ẹwa lẹntili,ẹwa olyin, irẹsi,ọdunkun (potato) bakan naa paki,agbado,ọgẹdẹ ati bẹẹbẹlọ.
Ónjẹ nìkan kọ́ ni irúgbìn ilé àwọn mii tún wà bíi òwú,àwọn òdòdó ati bẹẹbẹlọ tó wúlò fún aṣọ,ọ̀ṣọ́ ilé,oògùn àtàwọn nkan mii.

== Ẹranko Ilé ==
Àárín àkókò kan naa tiwọn ṣawari ohun ọgbin naa niwọn ṣawri awọn ẹranko tole ba eniyan gbélé ní guusu ila oorun Asia
ó sì ṣeeṣe kójẹ́ ewúrẹ́ niwnọ́n kọ́kọ́ sọ di ẹran ilé tí àgùtàn,Ologbo ati ajá  sì tẹ̀le 
.Awọn ohun abìyẹ́ naa fara han.edìyẹ,pẹ́pẹ̀yẹ,awó,ẹyẹlé,tòlótòló atibẹbẹlọ.  Nígbà tóyá wón fún àwọn ẹranko nlanla naa láfiyèsí lati sọwọn di ẹran ile irúu bíi Maalu,Ẹṣin,Ràkúnmi,ati Ẹlẹdẹ.Biwon ti n sin awọn ẹranko yi ni ile bẹẹ ni iṣesi ati iwa wọn túbọ̀ n yàtọ̀ sí ti awọn babanla wọn ninu igbo,fun apẹẹrẹ latinu ẹ̀yà ìkokò(wolf grey)ni aja ti wa amọ iwa rẹ̀ ti yàtọ̀ siti ojulowo ìkokò,bakan naa edìyẹ igbo kii wuwo ju poun meji lọ,amọ ediyẹ ile ma n wiwo to pọun mẹ́tàdínlógún bẹẹ naa niwọn tún máa n ye ẹyin ju ediyẹ́ igbo lọ gboogbo aṣeyọri yìí ṣeéṣe lateri ilana abẹ́lé&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/04/0408_040408_oldestpetcat.html |access-date=2021-11-07 |archive-date=2022-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612150738/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/oldest-known-pet-cat-9500-year-old-burial-found-on-cyprus |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2008/10/dog-domestication-in-aurignacian-c.html &lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìwúlò Abẹ́lé ==
Lakọkọ nan onjẹ pọ sii oriṣiriṣi onjẹ lowa fun jijẹ nigbakigba ẹran ọsin ilé muki iṣẹ́ àgbẹ̀ rọrùn apẹẹrẹ tiwọn ba so àjàgà mọ́ akọ maluu meji lọrun wọnle fiwọn roko kọja ibi teeyan le ṣee de,wọntunle fi aja ṣọdẹ,bakan na irin ajo rọrun wọnle gun ẹṣin lọsibi to jinna fun ọrọ̀ ajé ati fun awọn nkan mii.ọ̀pọ̀ anfaani lowa ta o le sọ tan nínú ìlànà abẹ́lé.

== Àwọn Ìtọ́ka si==</text>
      <sha1>aldd9g5ck35ei6ocupnd518bz4ipfky</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cusco</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>71363</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637739</id>
      <parentid>628270</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:41:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637739</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="47600" sha1="1jlhsvfftd9k5lrjr0966ko1gbxnhct" xml:space="preserve">{{about|the city}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}{{Infobox settlement|name=Cusco|population_demonym={{lang|es|cuzqueño/a}}, {{lang|es|cusqueño/a}}|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=385.1|pop_est_as_of=2015|pop_est_footnotes=&lt;ref&gt;{{cite report |url=http://proyectos.inei.gob.pe/web/biblioineipub/bancopub/Est/Lib1020/cuadros/c0206.xls |title=Perú: Población estimada al 30 de junio y tasa de crecimiento de las ciudades capitales, por departamento, 2011 y 2015 |work=Perú: Estimaciónes y proyecciones de población total por sexo de las principales ciudades, 2012–2015 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática |date=March 2012 |access-date=2015-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt;|population_est=427218|population_as_of=2017|population_footnotes=|population_note=|settlement_type=&lt;!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)--&gt;|population_total=428450|population_density_km2=auto|timezone=PET|established_title3=&lt;!-- Incorporated (city) --&gt;|utc_offset=-5|timezone_DST=&lt;!-- No --&gt;|utc_offset_DST=&lt;!-- No --&gt;-5|coordinates={{coord|13|31|30|S|71|58|20|W|region:PE|display=inline,title}}|elevation_footnotes=&lt;!--for references: use tags--&gt;|elevation_m=3399|elevation_ft=|postal_code_type=&lt;!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --&gt;|postal_code=|area_code=84|footnotes={{designation list | embed=yes
  | designation1            = WHS
  | designation1_offname    = City of Cuzco
  | designation1_date       = 1983 &lt;small&gt;(7th [[World Heritage Committee|session]])&lt;/small&gt;
  | designation1_type       = Cultural
  | designation1_criteria   = iii, iv
  | designation1_number     = [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/273/ 273]
  | designation1_free1name  = State Party
  | designation1_free1value = Peru
  | designation1_free2name  = Region
  | designation1_free2value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in South America|Latin America and the Caribbean]]
 }}|established_date3=|established_date2=|official_name={{lang|es|Cusco}} or {{lang|es|Cuzco}}&lt;br/&gt; {{native name|qu|Qusqu}}|pushpin_map=Peru|nickname={{lang|es|La Ciudad Imperial}} (The Imperial City), {{lang|es|El Ombligo del Mundo}} (The Navel of the World)|motto=|image_skyline=Cusco, Peru.png|image_size=285|image_caption=Top: Plaza de Armas, Middle left: [[Sacsayhuamán]], Middle right: [[Qurikancha]], Bottom left: View of the colonial houses, Bottom right: Fountain in the Plaza de Armas, Bottom: Aerial view of Cusco|image_flag=|flag_size=100px|image_shield=|image_map=Cuzco-distritos.png|mapsize=200px|map_caption=Districts of Cusco|pushpin_label_position=&lt;!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --&gt;|established_title2=&lt;!-- Incorporated (town) --&gt;|pushpin_map_caption=Location within Peru|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Peru]]|subdivision_type1=[[Regions of Peru|Region]]|subdivision_name1=[[Cusco Region|Cusco]]|subdivision_type2=[[Provinces of Peru|Province]]|subdivision_name2=[[Cusco Province|Cusco]]|government_type=|leader_title=Mayor|leader_name=Víctor G. Boluarte Medina|established_title=Founded|established_date=1100|website={{Official URL}}}}'''Cusco''', ti wọn má shi kọ nigba miran si '''Cuzco'''{{efn|''Cusco'' has been the preferred spelling since 1976; see [[#Spelling and etymology|Spelling and etymology]] below.}} ({{IPA-es|ˈkusko|}}; {{lang-qu|Qusqu}} ({{IPA-qu|ˈqɔsqɔ|}})),jẹ ilu kan ni guusu ila-oorun Perú nitosi afonifoji Urubamba ti awọn oke Andes. O jẹ olu-ilu ti Ẹkun Cusco ati ti Agbegbe Cusco. Ilu naa jẹ inu keje ti o pọ julọ nipa olugbe ni Perú ati, ni ọdun 2017, ni iye eniyan 428,450. Igbega rẹ wa ni ayika  {{convert|3400|m|ft|abbr=on}}

Ilu naa jẹ olu-ilu ti Ijọba Inca lati ọrundun 13th titi di iṣẹgun Ilu Sipeni ni ọrundun 16th. Ni 1983, Cusco ni akade gẹgẹbi ìbí ikorita [[World Heritage Site]] lati ọwọ [[UNESCO]] pẹlu  àkòrí  &quot;Ilu ti Cuzco&quot;. O ti di ibi pataki fún àwọn arinrin-ọjọ lati lọsí, ìlú na ngba àlejò milionu meIji ni ọdún kan&amp;nbsp;. Ìwé òfin àti ìlànà ilẹ Perú ṣe ni olú ìlú tí o ni itan ni ilẹ Perú &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Constitutions/Peru/per93reforms05.html#titIIcapI|title=Constitución del Perъ de 1993|publisher=Pdba.georgetown.edu|access-date=22 July 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{TOC limit|3=}}

== Spelling and etymology ==
Orukọ ọmọ abinibi ilu yii ni Qusqu. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé wọ́n lo orúkọ náà ní Gúúsù Quechua, èdè Aymaraa ni wọ́n ti ọrọ na ni ari lati oju ọrọ ti {{lang|qu|qusqu wanka}} ('Apata ti Owiwi '), o jọmọ ti itan ipinlẹ ti awọn arakurin Ayar. Gẹgẹbi bi Itan ajogunba, Ayar Awqa ({{lang|es|Ayar Auca}}) ti gba awọn iyẹ ati fò si aaye ti ilu iwaju; nibẹ ni o ti yipada si apata lati samisi ilẹ na ti o sí diti awọn arọmọdọmọ rẹ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Cerrón-Palomino|first=Rodolfo|title=Cuzco: La piedra donde se posó la lechuza. Historia de un nombre.|journal=Andina|volume=44|pages=143–174|year=2007|issn=0259-9600|location=Lima}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{quote|Then Ayar Oche stood up, displayed a pair of large wings, and said he should be the one to stay at [[Guanacaure]] as an idol in order to speak with their father the Sun.  Then they went up on top of the hill.  Now at the site where he was to remain as an idol, Ayar Oche raised up in flight toward the heavens so high that they could not see him.  He returned and told Ayar Manco that from then on he was to be named [[Manco Capac]].  Ayar Oche came from where the Sun was and the Sun had ordered that Ayar Manco take that name and go to the town that they had seen.  After this had been stated by the idol, Ayar Oche turned into a stone, just as he was, with his wings. Later Manco Capac went down with Ayar Auca to their settlement...he liked the place now occupied in this city Cuzco.  Manco Capac and his companion, with the help of the four women, made a house.  Having done this, Manco Capac and his companion, with the four women, planted some land with maize.  It is said that they took the maize from the cave, which this lord Manco Capac named [[Pacaritambo]], which means those of origin because...they came out of that cave.&lt;ref name=&quot;Betanzos&quot;&gt;Betanzos, J., 1996, ''Narrative of the Incas'', Austin: University of Texas Press, {{ISBN|978-0292755598}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|15–16}}}}

Awọn ọmọ Ogun ilẹ spain ( [[Spanish Empire|Spanish]] [[Conquistador|conquistadors]] )gba orukọ ibilẹ, yipada sí Cuzco abi ni igba miran, Cozco. Cuzco jẹ eyi to wọn má nlọ ni bi to ṣe pataki ati iwe itan ni igba ayé ìjọba amunisin. {{lang|es|Cuzco}},&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Carrión Ordóñez|first=Enrique|title=Cuzco, con Z|journal=Histórica|volume=XVII|pages=267–270|year=1990|location=Lima}}&lt;/ref&gt;  {{lang|es|Cusco}} was also used. {{lang|es|Cuzco}}uechuaCuzcouechCuzcoueCuzcouecouechuaCuzco time.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Cerrón-Palomino|first=Rodolfo|title=Cuzco: la piedra donde se posó la lechuza. Historia de un nombre|journal=Lexis|year=2006|issue=30|volume=1|pages=151–52|access-date=2011-05-24|url=http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/lexis/sites/revistas.pucp.edu.pe.lexis/files/images/Lexis-XXX-1-2006-5-Cerron-Palomino.pdf|url-access=subscription|archivedate=17 July 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717204020/http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/lexis/sites/revistas.pucp.edu.pe.lexis/files/images/Lexis-XXX-1-2006-5-Cerron-Palomino.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ordering the use ofew spelling, {{lang|es|Cusco}}dministration have not followed suit.&lt;ref name=&quot;Qosqo&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Cuzco Eats: &quot;In the epoch of Daniel Estrada Perez, one of the most influential mayors we have had in this city, the name was changed to Qosqo, reclaiming Quechua pronunciation and spelling. Years later, under other governments the name returned once again to Cusco.&quot; 22 Sept. 2014 |url=http://cuzcoeats.com/among-cuzco-cusco-or-qosqo-i-prefer-cusco/ |access-date=20 December 2021 |archive-date=20 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211220133000/http://cuzcoeats.com/among-cuzco-cusco-or-qosqo-i-prefer-cusco/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

bns both &quot;s&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.roughguides.com/destinations/south-america/peru/cusco-and-around/cusco/|title=Cusco – Cusco and around Guide|work=roughguides.com|access-date=20 December 2021|archive-date=3 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903082349/https://www.roughguides.com/destinations/south-america/peru/cusco-and-around/cusco/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/peru/|title=The World Factbook|work=cia.gov|access-date=20 December 2021|archive-date=10 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110072816/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/peru|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; and &quot;z&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/273|title=City of Cuzco – UNESCO World Heritage Centre|publisher=Whc.unesco.org|date=21 August 2007|access-date=22 July 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/peru/cuzco/|title=Cuzco Travel Information and Travel Guide – Peru|publisher=Lonely Planet|access-date=22 July 2009|archive-date=13 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913062525/http://www.lonelyplanet.com/worldguide/peru/cuzco/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;''Oxford Dictionary of English'', 2nd ed, revised, 2009, Oxford University Press, eBook edition, accessed 30 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Merriam-Webster Online''|[https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Cuzco], accessed 30 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;JSTOR (cuzco) AND la:(eng OR en) has 5,671 articles vs. only 1,124 articles for (cusco) AND la:(eng OR en); JSTOR accessed 30 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== History ==

=== Killke culture ===
The [[Killke culture|Killke]] people occupied the region from 900 to 1200 CE, prior to the arrival of the [[Inca]] in the 13th century. [[Radiocarbon dating|Carbon-14 dating]] of [[Saksaywaman]], the walled complex outside Cusco, established that Killke constructed the fortress about 1100 CE. The Inca later expanded and occupied the complex in the 13th century. In March 2008, [[Archeologist|archeologists]] discovered the ruins of an ancient temple, roadway and [[Aqueduct (watercourse)|aqueduct]] system at Saksaywaman.&lt;ref name=&quot;temple&quot;&gt;[http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/03/080331-inca-temple.html Kelly Hearn, &quot;Ancient Temple Discovered Among Inca Ruins&quot;], ''National Geographic News'', 31 March 2008, accessed 12 January 2010&lt;/ref&gt; The temple covers some {{convert|2700|sqft|m2|abbr=off|sp=us}} and contains 11 rooms thought to have held idols and mummies,&lt;ref name=&quot;temple&quot; /&gt; establishing its religious purpose. Together with the results of excavations in 2007, when another temple was found at the edge of the fortress, this indicates a longtime religious as well as military use of the facility.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.comcast.net/news/index.jsp?cat=GENERAL&amp;fn=/2008/03/14/911994.html&amp;cookieattempt=1|title=News|publisher=Comcast.net&lt;!|access-date=22 July 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Inca history ===
{{Main|Kingdom of Cusco|Inca Empire}}{{multiple image|align=right|image1=Corigold.jpg|width1=170|alt1=|caption1=|image2=View of Cusco from Coricancha.jpg|width2=170|alt2=|caption2=|footer=Digital recreation of the original interior of the [[Coricancha|Qurikancha]] (The main Temple of the Sun of the Inca Empire) according to the description of [[Inca Garcilaso de la Vega|Garcilaso de la Vega]]; and the current Qoricancha's wall remains below the Convento de Santo Domingo.|direction=|total_width=}}
[[Fáìlì:Sacsayhuamán,_Cusco,_Perú,_2015-07-31,_DD_35.JPG|thumb|231x231px|[[Sacsayhuamán]] is an Inca ceremonial fortress located two kilometers north from Cusco: the greatest architectural work by the Incas during their apogee.]]
Cusco was long an important center of indigenous people. It was the capital of the [[Inca Empire]] (13th century – 1532). Many believe that the city was planned as an [[effigy]] in the shape of a [[Cougar|puma]], a [[sacred]] animal.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.cusco.net/articulos/cuscoinca.htm#Puma|title=The history of Cusco|publisher=cusco.net&lt;!|access-date=25 July 2009|archive-date=21 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090821033818/http://www.cusco.net/articulos/cuscoinca.htm#Puma|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; How Cusco was specifically built, or how its large stones were quarried and transported to the site remain undetermined. Under the Inca, the city had two sectors: the ''urin'' and ''hanan''. Each was divided to encompass two of the four provinces, [[Chinchasuyu]] (NW), [[Antisuyu]] (NE), [[Kuntisuyu]] (SW) and [[Qullasuyu]] (SE). A road led from each quarter to the corresponding quarter of the empire.

Each local leader was required to build a house in the city and live part of the year in Cusco, restricted to the quarter that corresponded to the quarter in which he held territory. After the rule of [[Pachacuti]], when an [[Sapa Inca|Inca]] died, his title went to one son and his property was given to a corporation controlled by his other relatives ([[split inheritance]]). Each title holder had to build a new house and add new lands to the empire in order to own land for his family to keep after his death.

According to Inca legend, the city was rebuilt by [[Sapa Inca]] [[Pachacuti]], the man who transformed the Kingdom of Cuzco from a sleepy city-state into the vast empire of ''[[Tawantinsuyu]]''.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gamboa&quot;&gt;de Gamboa, P. S., 2015, ''History of the Incas'', Lexington, {{ISBN|9781463688653}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|66–69}} Archeological evidence, however, points to a slower, more organic growth of the city beginning before Pachacuti. The city was constructed according to a definite plan in which two rivers were channeled around the city. Archeologists have suggested that this city plan was replicated at other sites.

The city fell to the sphere of [[Huáscar]] during the [[Inca Civil War]] after the death of [[Huayna Capac]] in 1528. It was captured by the generals of [[Atahualpa]] in April 1532 in the [[Battle of Quipaipan]]. Nineteen months later, Spanish explorers invaded the city after kidnapping and murdering Atahualpa (see [[Battle of Cuzco]]), and gained control because of their arms and horses, employing superior military technology.

=== After the Spanish invasion ===
{{See also|Spanish conquest of Peru|Cusco School}}
[[Fáìlì:Capitulo-XCII.jpg|left|thumb|The first image of Cusco in Europe. [[Pedro Cieza de León]]. ''Crónica del Perú'', 1553]]
The first three [[Spanish Empire|Spaniards]] arrived in the city in May 1533, after the [[Battle of Cajamarca]], collecting for [[Atahualpa]]'s [[Ransom Room]]. On 15 November 1533 [[Francisco Pizarro]] officially arrived in Cusco. &quot;The capital of the Incas&amp;nbsp;... astonished the Spaniards by the beauty of its edifices, the length and regularity of its streets.&quot; The great square was surrounded by several palaces, since &quot;each sovereign built a new palace for himself.&quot; &quot;The delicacy of the stone work excelled&quot; that of the Spaniards'. The fortress had three [[parapets]] and was composed of &quot;heavy masses of rock&quot;. &quot;Through the heart of the capital ran a river&amp;nbsp;... faced with stone.&amp;nbsp;... The most sumptuous edifice in Cuzco&amp;nbsp;... was undoubtedly the great temple dedicated to the Sun&amp;nbsp;... studded with gold plates&amp;nbsp;... surrounded by convents and dormitories for the priests.&amp;nbsp;... The palaces were numerous and the troops lost no time in plundering them of their contents, as well as despoiling the religious edifices,&quot; including the royal mummies in the [[Coricancha]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Prescott&quot;&gt;Prescott, W. H. (2011). ''The History of the Conquest of Peru''. Digireads.com Publishing, {{ISBN|9781420941142}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|186–187, 192–193, 216–219}}

Pizarro ceremoniously gave [[Manco Inca]] the Incan fringe as the new Peruvian leader.&lt;ref name=&quot;Prescott&quot; /&gt;{{rp|221}} Pizarro encouraged some of his men to stay and settle in the city, giving out [[Repartimiento|repartimientos]], or land grants to do so.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pizarro&quot;&gt;Pizzaro, P. (1571). ''Relation of the Discovery and Conquest of the Kingdoms of Peru'', Vol. 1–2. New York: Cortes Society, RareBooksClub.com, {{ISBN|9781235937859}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|46}} [[Alcaldes]] were established and [[Regidor|regidores]] on 24 March 1534, which included the brothers [[Gonzalo Pizarro]] and [[Juan Pizarro (conquistador)|Juan Pizarro]]. Pizarro left a garrison of 90 men and departed for [[Jauja]] with Manco Inca.&lt;ref name=&quot;Prescott&quot; /&gt;{{rp|222, 227}}
[[Fáìlì:1565_Cusco_Ramusio_Delle_Navigationi_vol3_pp411-412.png|thumb|220x220px|Map showing the city of Cusco during the Inca Empire. Painting of 1565 by [[Giovanni Battista Ramusio]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://brbl-dl.library.yale.edu/vufind/Record/3440416|title=Il Cvscho, citta principale della provincia del Perv.|website=[[Beinecke Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library]] of the [[Yale University Library]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ONGJDwAAQBAJ&amp;q=Giovanni+Battista+Ramusio+cusco&amp;pg=PT437|title=Maps and travel in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period|date=March 2019|isbn=978-3-11-058877-4|author1=Ingrid Baumgärtner|author2=Nirit Ben-Aryeh Debby|author3=Katrin Kogman-Appel|publisher=[[Library of Congress]]|location=Berlin, Boston}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kqc1GIhK_wEC&amp;q=Giovanni+Battista+Ramusio+cusco&amp;pg=PA120|pages=120|title=America in European Consciousness, 1493-1750|author=Karen Ordahl Kupperman|year=1995|publisher=[[Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture]], [[University of North Carolina Press]]|isbn=978-0-8078-4510-3}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Hatunrumiyoc_(7640968366).jpg|thumb|View of Hatun Rumiyuq Street. Many of the colonial constructions used the city's Inca constructions as a base.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/273/|title=City of Cuzco|website=UNESCO World Heritage website}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Pizarro renamed it as the &quot;very noble and great city of Cuzco&quot;. Buildings often constructed after the Spanish invasion have a mixture of Spanish influence and Inca indigenous architecture, including the Santa Clara and San Blas neighborhoods. The Spanish destroyed many Inca buildings, temples and palaces. They used the remaining walls as bases for the construction of a new city, and this stone masonry is still visible.

Father [[Vincente de Valverde]] became the Bishop of Cusco and built his cathedral facing the plaza. He supported construction of the [[Dominican Order]] monastery ([[Santo Domingo Convent]]) on the ruins of the Corichanca, House of the Sun, and a convent at the former site of the House of the Virgins of the Sun.&lt;ref name=&quot;Prescott&quot; /&gt;{{rp|222}}

During the [[Siege of Cuzco]] of 1536 by [[Manco Inca Yupanqui]], a leader of the [[Sapa Inca]], he took control of the city from the Spanish. Although the siege lasted 10 months, it was ultimately unsuccessful. Manco's forces were able to reclaim the city for only a few days. He eventually retreated to [[Vilcabamba, Peru|Vilcabamba]], the capital of the newly established small [[Neo-Inca State]]. There his state survived another 36 years but he was never able to return to Cuzco. Throughout the conflict and years of the [[Spanish colonization of the Americas]], many Incas died of [[smallpox]] epidemics, as they had no acquired immunity to a disease by then endemic among Europeans.

Cusco was built on layers of cultures. The Tawantinsuyu (former [[Inca Empire]]) was built on [[Killke]] structures. The Spanish replaced [[Indigenous peoples|indigenous]] temples with Catholic churches, and Inca palaces with mansions for the invaders.

Cusco was the center for the Spanish colonization and spread of Christianity in the [[Andes|Andean]] world. It became very prosperous thanks to agriculture, cattle raising and mining, as well as its trade with [[Habsburg Spain|Spain]]. The Spanish colonists constructed many churches and [[Convent|convents]], as well as a [[Cusco Cathedral|cathedral]], [[National University of Saint Anthony the Abbot in Cuzco|university]] and [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cusco|archdiocese]].
[[Fáìlì:Calle_Marqués_-_Cusco.jpg|alt=|thumb|Old streets in the city center]]
[[Fáìlì:Cuzco_Décembre_2007_-_Balcons.jpg|alt=|thumb|291x291px|A view of the Colonial Balconies of Cusco]]

=== Present ===
A major earthquake on the 21st of May hit in 1950, and caused damage in more than one third of the city's structures. The Dominican Priory and Church of Santo Domingo, which were built on top of the impressive ''[[Qurikancha]]'' (Temple of the Sun), were among the affected colonial era buildings. Inca architecture withstood the earthquake. Many of the old Inca walls were at first thought to have been lost after the earthquake, but the [[granite]] retaining walls of the ''Qurikancha'' were exposed, as well as those of other ancient structures throughout the city. Restoration work at the Santo Domingo complex exposed the Inca masonry formerly obscured by the superstructure without compromising the integrity of the colonial heritage.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-destinations.com/peru/cusco-koricancha.htm|title=Koricancha Temple and Santo Domingo Convent – Cusco, Peru|publisher=Sacred-destinations.com|access-date=15 September 2011|archive-date=7 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907075704/http://www.sacred-destinations.com/peru/cusco-koricancha.htm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Many of the buildings damaged in 1950 had been impacted by an earthquake only nine years previously.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://bssa.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/44/2A/97|title=The Cusco, Peru, Earthquake of May 21, 1950|author=Erickson|display-authors=et al|volume=44|issue=2|page=97|work=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America|publisher=Bssa.geoscienceworld.org|access-date=15 September 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Since the 1990s, tourism has increased. Currently, Cusco is the most important tourist destination in Peru. Under the administration of mayor Daniel Estrada Pérez, a staunch supporter of the ''[[Academia Mayor de la Lengua Quechua]]'', between 1983 and 1995 the [[Quechua languages|Quechua]] name ''Qosqo'' was officially adopted for the city.

=== Honors ===

* In 1933, the Congress of Americanists met in [[La Plata]], Argentina, and declared the city as the Archeological Capital of the Americas.
* In 1978, the 7th Convention of Mayors of Great World Cities met in [[Milan]], Italy, and declared Cusco a Cultural Heritage of the World.
* In 1983, [[UNESCO]], in Paris, France, declared the city a [[World Heritage Site]]. The [[Government of Peru|Peruvian government]] declared it the Tourism Capital of Peru and Cultural Heritage of the Nation.
* In 2007, the New7Wonders Foundation designated [[Machu Picchu]] one of the [[New Seven Wonders of the World]], following a worldwide poll.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/07/08/1972797.htm|title=Opera House snubbed as new Wonders unveiled|date=8 July 2007|work=abc.net.au|access-date=20 December 2021|archive-date=29 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629014102/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/07/08/1972797.htm|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Geography and climate ==
Cusco extends throughout the Huatanay (or Watanay) river valley. Located on the eastern end of the Knot of Cusco{{cn|date=October 2020}}, its elevation is around {{convert|3400|m|ft|abbr=on}}. To its north is the [[Vilcabamba mountain range]] with {{convert|4000|-|6000|m|ft|-high|adj=mid|abbr=off|sp=us}} mountains. The highest peak is [[Salcantay]] ({{convert|6271|m|ft|disp=or|abbr=off|sp=us}}) about {{convert|60|km|mi|abbr=off|sp=us}} northwest of Cusco.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://andes.zoom-maps.com/|title=Map of the Andes|work=zoom-maps.com|access-date=18 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100924154519/http://andes.zoom-maps.com/|archive-date=24 September 2010|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cusco has a [[subtropical highland climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cwb''). It is generally dry and temperate, with two defined seasons. Winter occurs from May through September, with abundant sunshine and occasional nighttime freezes; July is the coldest month with an average of {{convert|9.7|C|1}}. Summer occurs from October through April, with warm temperatures and abundant rainfall; November is the warmest month, averaging {{convert|13.3|C|1}}. Although frost and hail are common, the last reported snowfall was in June 1911. Temperatures usually range from {{convert|0.2|to|20.9|C|F}}, but the all-time temperature range is between {{convert|-8.9|and|30|C|F}}. Sunshine hours peak in July, the equivalent of January in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, February, the equivalent of August in the Northern Hemisphere, has the least sunshine.

Cusco was found in 2006 to be the spot on Earth with the highest average [[ultraviolet]] light level.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20070614170312/http://www.niwascience.co.nz/rc/atmos/uvconference/2006/Liley_2.pdf Liley, J. Ben and McKenzie, Richard L. (April 2006) &quot;Where on Earth has the highest UV?&quot; ''UV Radiation and its Effects: an update'' NIWA Science, Hamilton, NZ];&lt;/ref&gt;
{{Weather box|width=auto|Aug rain mm=8.0|Jul rain days=1|Jun rain days=1|May rain days=2|Apr rain days=9|Mar rain days=13|Feb rain days=15|Jan rain days=19|unit rain days=1.0 mm|Dec rain mm=120.1|Nov rain mm=78.6|Oct rain mm=47.3|Sep rain mm=22.4|Jul rain mm=3.9|Sep rain days=5|Jun rain mm=2.4|May rain mm=8.6|Apr rain mm=44.4|Mar rain mm=108.4|Feb rain mm=132.9|Jan rain mm=160.0|rain colour=green|year record low C=-7.0|Dec record low C=0.5|Nov record low C=0.0|Oct record low C=0.0|Sep record low C=-6.0|Aug rain days=2|Oct rain days=9|Jul record low C=-7.0|Jan sun=143|source 1=NOAA,&lt;ref name = NOAA&gt;
{{cite web
| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REGIII/PR/84686.TXT
| title = Cusco Climate Normals 1961-1990
| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
| access-date = 4 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)&lt;ref name = meteoclimat&gt;
{{cite web 
| url = http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&amp;id=1877
| title = Station Alejandro Velasco 
| publisher = Météo Climat 
| language = fr 
| access-date = 4 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;|Dec sun=158|Nov sun=195|Oct sun=198|Sep sun=195|Aug sun=236|Jul sun=257|Jun sun=228|May sun=239|Apr sun=210|Mar sun=170|Feb sun=121|year humidity=60|Nov rain days=13|Dec humidity=62|Nov humidity=58|Oct humidity=56|Sep humidity=56|Aug humidity=54|Jul humidity=54|Jun humidity=55|May humidity=59|Apr humidity=63|Mar humidity=66|Feb humidity=67|Jan humidity=66|Dec rain days=16|Aug record low C=-6.0|Jun record low C=-4.5|location=Cusco ([[Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport]]) 1961-1990, extremes 1931-present|year record high C=29.9|Dec high C=20.8|Nov high C=20.6|Oct high C=20.9|Sep high C=20.1|Aug high C=19.9|Jul high C=19.2|Jun high C=19.4|May high C=19.7|Apr high C=19.7|Mar high C=19.1|Feb high C=18.8|Jan high C=18.8|Dec record high C=29.9|Jan mean C=12.9|Nov record high C=26.6|Oct record high C=27.2|Sep record high C=25.9|Aug record high C=25.8|Jul record high C=24.2|Jun record high C=24.2|May record high C=27.0|Apr record high C=26.9|Mar record high C=25.3|Feb record high C=26.7|Jan record high C=27.8|single line=y|metric first=y|year high C=19.8|Feb mean C=12.7|May record low C=-7.0|May low C=2.7|Apr record low C=-2.0|Mar record low C=0.0|Feb record low C=0.0|Jan record low C=0.0|year low C=4.3|Dec low C=6.5|Nov low C=6.0|Oct low C=5.5|Sep low C=4.0|Aug low C=1.7|Jul low C=0.2|Jun low C=0.5|Apr low C=5.1|Mar mean C=12.8|Mar low C=6.3|Feb low C=6.6|Jan low C=6.6|year mean C=12.5|Dec mean C=13.2|Nov mean C=13.6|Oct mean C=13.6|Sep mean C=12.7|Aug mean C=11.5|Jul mean C=10.8|Jun mean C=11.4|May mean C=12.0|Apr mean C=12.7|source 2=[[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (mean temperatures 1961-1990, precipitation days 1970-1990 and humidity 1954-1993)&lt;ref name = DWD&gt;
{{cite web
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_846860_kt.pdf
| title = Klimatafel von Cuzco, Prov. Cuzco / Peru
| work = Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world
| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| language = de
| access-date = 4 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; Danish Meteorological Institute (sun 1931-1960)&lt;ref name=DMI&gt;{{cite web
|last1=Cappelen 
|first1=John 
|last2=Jensen 
|first2=Jens 
|url=http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr01-17.pdf 
|work=Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931-1960) 
|title=Peru – Cuzco 
|page=209
|publisher=Danish Meteorological Institute 
|language=da 
|access-date=18 December 2012 
|url-status=dead 
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427173827/http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr01-17.pdf 
|archive-date=27 April 2013 
|df=dmy }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

== Tourism ==
Tourism has been the backbone to the economy since the early 2000s, bringing in more than 1.2&amp;nbsp;million tourists per year.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite news|id={{ProQuest|741070699}}|title=PERU: New Cusco airport will help boost tourism|work=Oxford Analytica Daily Brief Service|date=10 August 2010|url=https://dailybrief.oxan.com/Analysis/DB161871/PERU-New-Cusco-airport-will-help-boost-tourism|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2002, the income Cusco received from tourism was US$837&amp;nbsp;million. In 2009, that number increased to US$2.47&amp;nbsp;billion.{{Citation needed|date=February 2017}} Unfortunately, due to the COVID-19 pandemic tourism has dropped by a significant amount.

== Main sites ==
{{main|List of buildings and structures in Cusco}}{{wide image|Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution.jpg|1024px|Ruins of [[Sacsayhuamán]]|align-cap=center}} The [[Indigenous peoples|indigenous]] [[Killke culture]] built the walled complex of [[Sacsayhuamán]] about 1100. The Killke built a major temple near Saksaywaman, as well as an [[Aqueduct (watercourse)|aqueduct]] ([[Puquios|Pukyus]]) and roadway connecting prehistoric structures. Sacsayhuamán was expanded by the Inca.
[[Fáìlì:Catedral,_Plaza_de_Armas,_Cusco,_Perú,_2015-07-31,_DD_78.JPG|thumb|[[Templo de la Sagrada Familia, Cusco|Templo de la Sagrada Familia]]]]
The Spanish explorer [[Francisco Pizarro|Pizarro]] sacked much of the Inca city in 1535. Remains of the palace of the Incas, [[Qurikancha]] (the Temple of the Sun), and the Temple of the Virgins of the Sun still stand. Inca buildings and foundations in some cases proved to be stronger during earthquakes than foundations built in present-day Peru. Among the most noteworthy Spanish colonial buildings of the city is the [[Cathedral of Santo Domingo, Cusco|Cathedral of Santo Domingo]].

The major nearby Inca sites are Pachacuti's presumed winter home, [[Machu Picchu]], which can be reached on foot by the [[Inca Trail to Machu Picchu]] or by train; and the &quot;fortress&quot; at [[Ollantaytambo]].

Less-visited [[ruins]] include: [[Incahuasi (Apurímac)|Incahuasi]], the highest of all Inca sites at {{convert|3980|m|ft|abbr=on}};&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.bylandwaterandair.com/zz_peru04/routes/inca_wasi/s4_main.php|website=bylandwaterandair.com|title=Photo map of the sites in Upper Puncuyoc – Inca Wasi, cave group, reflection pond and abandoned pegs|access-date=20 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918115845/http://www.bylandwaterandair.com/zz_peru04/routes/inca_wasi/s4_main.php|archive-date=18 September 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Vilcabamba, Peru|Vilcabamba]], the capital of the Inca after the Spanish capture of Cusco; the [[sculpture garden]] at [[Ñusta Hisp'ana]] (aka Chuqip'allta, Yuraq Rumi); [[Tipón]], with working water channels in wide terraces; as well as [[Willkaraqay]], [[Patallaqta]], [[Choquequirao|Chuqik'iraw]], [[Moray (Inca ruin)|Moray]], [[Vitos]] and many others.

The surrounding area, located in the Watanay Valley, is strong in gold mining and agriculture, including [[Maize|corn]], [[barley]], [[quinoa]], tea and coffee.

Cusco's main stadium [[Estadio Garcilaso de la Vega]] was one of seven stadiums used when Peru hosted South America's continental soccer championship, the [[Copa América]], in [[2004 Copa América|2004]]. The stadium is home to one of the country's most successful soccer clubs, ''[[Cienciano]]''.

The city is served by [[Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport]].
[[Fáìlì:Arco_de_Santa_Clara,_Cuzco.jpg|alt=|thumb|311x311px|Arco de Santa Clara]]

=== Architectural heritage ===
[[Fáìlì:Cusco_Peru_Beautiful_Building.jpg|thumb|Colonial civil building]]
Because of its antiquity and importance, the city center retains many buildings, plazas, streets and churches from colonial times, and even some [[Pre-Columbian era|pre-Columbian]] structures, which led to its declaration as a [[World Heritage Site]] by [[UNESCO]] in 1983. Among the main sights of the city are:

==== ''Barrio de San Blas'' ====
This neighborhood houses artisans, workshops and craft shops. It is one of the most picturesque sites in the city. Its streets are steep and narrow with old houses built by the Spanish over important Inca foundations. It has an attractive square and the oldest parish church in Cusco, built in 1563, which has a carved wooden pulpit considered the epitome of Colonial era woodwork in Cusco.

The Quechua name of this neighborhood is ''Tuq'ukachi'', which means the opening of the salt.

==== Hatun Rumiyuq ====
This street is the most visited by tourists. On the street Hatun Rumiyoq (&quot;the one with the big stone&quot;) was the palace of [[Inca Roca]], which was converted to the Archbishop's residence.

Along this street that runs from the Plaza de Armas to the Barrio de San Blas, one can see the [[Twelve-angled stone|Stone of Twelve Angles]], which is viewed as a marvel of ancient stonework and has become emblematic of the city's history.
[[Fáìlì:Calle_Mantas_-_Cuzco.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|View of the bell tower of the [[Basilica of La Merced, Cusco|Basilica of La Merced]]]]

==== Basílica de la Merced ====
{{main|Basilica of La Merced, Cusco}}Its foundation dates from 1536. The first complex was destroyed by the earthquake of 1650. Its rebuilding was completed in 1675.

Its cloisters of [[Spanish Baroque architecture|Baroque]] [[Renaissance]] style, choir stalls, colonial paintings and wood carvings are highlights, now a popular museum.

Also on view is an elaborate [[monstrance]] made of gold and gemstones that weighs {{convert|22|kg|0|abbr=on}} and is {{convert|130|cm|2|abbr=on}} in height.

==== Cathedral ====
{{Main|Cusco Cathedral}}The first cathedral built in Cusco is the ''Iglesia del Triunfo'', built in 1539 on the foundations of the Palace of [[Viracocha (Inca)|Viracocha Inca]]. Today, this church is an auxiliary chapel of the cathedral.

The main basilica cathedral of the city was built between 1560 and 1664. The main material used was stone, which was extracted from nearby quarries, although some blocks of red granite were taken from the fortress of Saksaywaman.

This great cathedral presents late-Gothic, Baroque and plateresque interiors and has one of the most outstanding examples of colonial goldwork. Its carved wooden altars are also important.

The city developed a distinctive style of painting known as the &quot;[[Cuzco School]]&quot; and the cathedral houses a major collection of local artists of the time. The cathedral is known for a Cusco School painting of the [[Last Supper]] depicting [[Jesus]] and the [[twelve apostles]] feasting on guinea pig, a traditional Andean delicacy.

The cathedral is the seat of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cuzco|Archdiocese of Cuzco]].{{Clear}}

==== Plaza de Armas de Cusco ====
{{wide image|Cuzco Décembre 2007 - Panorama 1.jpg|815px|Plaza de Armas de Cusco|align-cap=center}}{{Clear}}Known as the &quot;Square of the warrior&quot; in the Inca era, this plaza has been the scene of several important events, such as the proclamation by [[Francisco Pizarro]] in the conquest of Cuzco.
[[Fáìlì:Church_of_la_Compañía,_Cuzco.jpg|left|thumb|[[Iglesia de la Compañía de Jesús, Cusco|Iglesia de la Compañía de Jesús]]]]
Similarly, the Plaza de Armas was the scene of the death of [[Túpac Amaru II]], considered the indigenous leader of the resistance.

The Spanish built stone arcades around the plaza which endure to this day. The main cathedral and the Church of La Compañía both open directly onto the plaza.

The cast iron fountain in Plaza de Armas was manufactured by [[Adrian Janes|Janes, Beebe &amp; Co.]]

==== ''Iglesia de la Compañía de Jesús'' ====
{{Main|Iglesia de la Compañía de Jesús, Cusco}}This church (Church of the Society of Jesus), whose construction was initiated by the [[Society of Jesus|Jesuits]] in 1576 on the foundations of the ''Amarucancha'' or the palace of the Inca ruler [[Huayna Capac|Wayna Qhapaq]], is considered one of the best examples of colonial baroque style in the Americas.

Its façade is carved in stone and its main altar is made of carved wood covered with gold leaf. It was built over an underground chapel and has a valuable collection of colonial paintings of the Cusco School.{{Clear}}

==== Qurikancha and Convent of Santo Domingo ====
{{Main|Qurikancha|Convent of Santo Domingo, Cusco}}
[[Fáìlì:El_Templo_de_Coricancha_(o_Koricancha).jpg|alt=|thumb|240x240px|[[Qurikancha]], [[Convent of Santo Domingo, Cusco|Convento de Santo Domingo]] and Intipanpa]]
The Qurikancha (&quot;golden place&quot;) was the most important sanctuary dedicated to the Sun God ([[Inti]]) at the time of the [[Inca Empire]]. According to ancient chronicles written by [[Garcilaso de la Vega (chronicler)]], Qurikancha was said to have featured a large solid golden disc that was studded with precious stones and represented the Inca Sun God – Inti. Spanish chroniclers describe the Sacred Garden in front of the temple as a garden of golden plants with leaves of beaten gold, stems of silver, solid gold corn-cobs and 20 life-size llamas and their herders all in solid gold.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.totallylatinamerica.com/peru-vacations-articles/the-inca-city-of-cusco-a-fascinating-look-at-the-most-important-city-in-the-inca-empire/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130710030039/http://www.totallylatinamerica.com/peru-vacations-articles/the-inca-city-of-cusco-a-fascinating-look-at-the-most-important-city-in-the-inca-empire/|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 July 2013|title=The Inca City of Cusco: A Fascinating Look at the Most Important City in the Inca Empire|publisher=totallylatinamerica.com|date=5 July 2013|access-date=9 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The temple was destroyed by its Spanish invaders who, as they plundered, were determined to rid the city of its wealth, idolaters and shrines. Nowadays, only a curved outer wall and partial ruins of the inner temple remain at the site.

With this structure as a foundation, colonists built the [[Convent of Santo Domingo, Cusco|Convent of Santo Domingo]] in the Renaissance style. The building, with one baroque tower, exceeds the height of many other buildings in this city.

Inside is a large collection of paintings from the [[Cuzco School]].
[[Fáìlì:MAP_Building_Facade.jpg|thumb|241x241px|Facade of the [[Museo de Arte Precolombino, Cusco|Museo de Arte Precolombino]]]]

=== Museums ===
Cusco has the following important museums:&lt;ref&gt;[http://theonlyperuguide.com/2013/01/peru-travel-tips-museums-in-cusco-worth-visiting-and-worth-avoiding/ Museums in Cusco] theonlyperuguide.com&lt;/ref&gt;

* [[Museo de Arte Precolombino, Cusco|Museo de Arte Precolombino]]
* Casa Concha Museum (Machu Picchu Museum)
* Museo Inka
* Museo Histórico Regional de Cuzco
* Centro de Textiles Tradicionales del Cuzco or [[Center of the Traditional Textiles of Cusco]] in English
* Museum of Sacred, Magical and Medicinal Plants (''Museo de plantas sagradas, mágicas y medicinales'')&lt;ref&gt;[http://museoplantascusco.org/en.html Museum of Sacred, Magical and Medicinal Plants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213747/http://museoplantascusco.org/en.html |date=3 March 2016 }}, Cusco&lt;/ref&gt;
* ChocoMuseo (The Cacao and Chocolate Museum)&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.chocomuseo.com/english/our-locations/cusco-per/ Cacao and Chocolate Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621060710/http://www.chocomuseo.com/english/our-locations/cusco-per/|date=21 June 2015}}, Cusco&lt;/ref&gt;

There are also some museums located at churches.

== Population ==
{{historical populations|1500|48=180227|54=295530|53=2000|52=275318|51=1997|50=250270|49=1993|47=1981|56=375066|46=115300|45=1969|44=80100|43=1961|42=54000|41=1953|55=2005|57=2006|39=1951|67=2011|73=2015|72=435114|71=2013|70=427580|69=2012|68=420030|66=412495|58=382577|65=2010|64=405000|63=2009|62=397526|61=2008|60=390059|59=2007|40=50000|38=45600|45000{{sfn|Chandler|Fox|1974|p=189}}|11=1827|17=1877|16=15000|15=1861|14=16000|13=1850|12=15000|10=9000|19=1890|9=1820|8=6900|7=1812|6=6600|5=1761|4=5000|1614|18=17000|20=18900|37=1945|30=32000|36=40600|35=1940|34=35900|33=1931|32=33000|31=1927|29=1925|21=1896|28=30500|27=1920|26=33900|25=1908|24=25000|23=1900|22=20000|74=434654}}

The city had a population of about 434,114 people in 2013 and 434,654 people in 2015 according to [[Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática|INEI]].
[[Fáìlì:Mercedarian_Friars_in_the_procession_Corpus_Christ_at_the_Main_Square_of_Cusco._Santa_Cruz_Puma_Callao._17th_century.png|left|thumb|Mercedarian Friars in the Corpus Christi procession at the Main Square of Cusco. 17th century. [[Cusco School|Cusco Colonial Painting School]]. Painting currently located at the Archbishop's Palace of Cusco]]
[[Fáìlì:FinCenCusco.jpg|left|thumb|Financial Center of the City, Av. de la Cultura, Cusco]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;
|+Population by district
!City district
!Area
(km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
!Population
2007 census (hab)
!Housing
(2007)
!Density
(hab/km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;)
!Elevation
([[Sea level|amsl]])
|-
|'''[[Cusco District|Cuzco]]'''
|116.22
|108,798*
|28,476
|936.1
|3,399
|-
|'''[[San Jerónimo District, Cusco|San Jerónimo]]'''
|103.34
|28,856*
|8,942
|279.2
|3,244
|-
|'''[[San Sebastián District, Cusco|San Sebastián]]'''
|89.44
|85,472*
|18,109
|955.6
|3,244
|-
|'''[[Santiago District, Cusco|Santiago]]'''
|69.72
|66,277*
|21,168
|950.6
|3,400
|-
|'''[[Wanchaq District|Wanchaq]]'''
|6.38
|54,524*
|14,690
|8,546.1
|3,366
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''385.1'''
|'''358,052*'''
|'''91,385''' 
|'''929.76'''
|—
|-
! colspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;big&gt;*&lt;/big&gt;&lt;small&gt;Census data conducted by [[Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática|INEI]]&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2&quot;&gt;[http://desa.inei.gob.pe/mapas/bid/ Censo 2005 INEI] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423164200/http://desa.inei.gob.pe/mapas/bid/|date=23 April 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/small&gt;
|}

== Cuisine ==
As capital to the Inca Empire, Cusco was an important agricultural region. It was a natural reserve for thousands of native Peruvian species, including around 3,000 varieties of potato cultivated by the people.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.scidev.net/en/news/peru-city-bans-gm-to-protect-native-potatoes.html|title=Cusco, Peru Bans GM Products To Protect Diversity of Native Potatoes|publisher=scidev.net|access-date=21 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fusion and neo-Andean restaurants developed in Cusco, in which the cuisine is prepared with modern techniques and incorporates a blend of traditional Andean and international ingredients.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sazonperu.com/busqueda/ciudad/index.php?idprov=137&amp;flag=1&amp;iddpto=8&amp;idio=|title=Restaurantes|date=20 November 2007|work=archive.org|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071120020007/http://www.sazonperu.com/busqueda/ciudad/index.php?idprov=137&amp;flag=1&amp;iddpto=8&amp;idio=|archive-date=20 November 2007|df=dmy}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Twin towns – sister cities ==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Peru}}Cusco is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ciudades Hermanas de Cusco|url=https://www.aatccusco.com/ciudades_hermanas.php|website=aatccusco.com|publisher=Asociación de Agencias de Turismo del Cusco|language=es|access-date=2021-12-14|archive-date=29 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329013108/https://www.aatccusco.com/ciudades_hermanas.php|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|GRC}} [[Athens]], Greece
*{{flagicon|PSE}} [[Bethlehem]], Palestine
*{{flagicon|PHL}} [[Baguio]], Philippines
*{{flagicon|HON}} [[Copán Ruinas]], Honduras
*{{flagicon|ECU}} [[Cuenca, Ecuador|Cuenca]], Ecuador
*{{flagicon|CUB}} [[Havana]], Cuba
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]], United States
*{{flagicon|ISR}} [[Jerusalem]], Israel
*{{flagicon|PRK}} [[Kaesong]], North Korea
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Kraków]], Poland
*{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Mexico City]], Mexico
*{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Moscow]], Russia
*{{flagicon|BOL}} [[La Paz]], Bolivia
*{{flagicon|BOL}} [[Potosí]], Bolivia
*{{flagicon|MEX}} [[Puebla (city)|Puebla]], Mexico&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Acuerdos interinstitucionales registrados por dependencias y municipios de Puebla|url=https://coordinacionpolitica.sre.gob.mx/index.php/entidades/78-puebla|website=sre.gob.mx|publisher=Secretaría de relaciones exteriores|language=es|access-date=2021-12-14|archive-date=14 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214144407/https://coordinacionpolitica.sre.gob.mx/index.php/entidades/78-puebla|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*{{flagicon|BRA}} [[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil
*{{flagicon|UZB}} [[Samarkand]], Uzbekistan
*{{flagicon|USA}} [[Tempe, Arizona|Tempe]], United States&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Our Sister Cities|url=http://www.tempesistercities.org/meet-our-sister-cites/|website=tempesistercities.org|publisher=Tempe Sister Cities|access-date=2021-12-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!--Chartres, Kyoto, Xi'an - twinning ended--&gt;
{{div col end}}

== See also ==
{{Portal|Peru}}{{div col|colwidth=23em}}
*[[Governorate of New Castile]]
*[[Inca religion in Cusco]]
*[[Inca road system]]
*[[Iperu, tourist information and assistance]]
*[[List of archaeoastronomical sites sorted by country]]
*[[List of buildings and structures in Cusco]]
*[[PeruRail]]
*[[Peru's Challenge]]
*[[Pikillaqta]]
*[[Santurantikuy]]
*[[Tampukancha]], Inca religious site
*[[Tourism in Peru]]
*[[Wanakawri]]
{{div col end}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|last1=Chandler|first1=Tertius|last2=Fox|first2=Gerald|date=1974|title=3000 Years of Urban Growth|url=https://archive.org/details/3000yearsofurban0000chan|url-access=registration|publisher=Academic Press|place=New York and London}}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
{{Commons-inline|Cusco}}
{{Wikivoyage-inline|Cusco}}

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071025053547/http://www.municusco.gob.pe/ Cusco official website]
* [http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/america/cusco/maps/braun_hogenberg_I_58_2.html Old map of Cusco] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211220132955/http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/america/cusco/maps/braun_hogenberg_I_58_2.html |date=20 December 2021 }}, [http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/historic_cities.html Historic Cities site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325051637/http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/historic_cities.html |date=25 March 2022 }}

{{World Heritage Sites in Peru}} {{Archaeological sites in Peru}} {{Regional capitals of Peru}} {{Large cities of Peru}} {{American Capital of Culture}} {{Spanish Colonial architecture}} {{Authority control}}&lt;!--please leave the empty space as standard--&gt;</text>
      <sha1>1jlhsvfftd9k5lrjr0966ko1gbxnhct</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Burna Boy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>71765</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637728</id>
      <parentid>620291</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T03:53:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637728</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="56592" sha1="92brppl9o8hmdu7jsm9z4ypvxnc84ik" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox musical artist|name=Burna Boy|image=Burna Boy (cropped).jpg|birth_name=Damini Ebunoluwa Ogulu|birth_date={{birth date and age|1991|7|02|df=yes}}|birth_place=[[Port Harcourt, Rivers State]], Nigeria|origin=&lt;!-- The origin is the town, city etc. where the individual musician started their career, should it not match the location of their birth. Please do not add the birth place of his father.   --&gt;|death_date=&lt;!-- {{death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date 1st) --&gt;|death_place=|genre={{flatlist|
* [[Afro-fusion]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[dancehall]]
* [[Hip hop music|hip hop]]
* [[Pop music|pop]]
* [[Contemporary R&amp;B|R&amp;B]]
}}|occupation={{flatlist|
* Singer
* rapper
* songwriter
}}|years_active=2011–present|label={{flatlist|
* [[Spaceship Records|Spaceship]]
* Bad Habit
* [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]]
* [[Warner Music Group|Warner Music]]
}}
'''Publishing:'''&lt;br /&gt;{{flatlist|
* [[Universal Music Publishing Group]]
* [[SESAC]]
}}|associated_acts=&lt;!-- This is not a place to list artists who have had guest vocals on a track or two; see Template:Infobox_musical_artist#associated_acts --&gt;}}'''Damini Ebunoluwa Ogulu''' ( tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kejì oṣụ́ keje, ọdún 1991),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ibile|first=Fagbo|date=3 October 2021|title=Burna Boy's Biography|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/burna-boy-mn0003297650/biography#|access-date=3 October 2021|website=AllMusic.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí orúkọ ìnagijẹ rẹ̀ ń jé '''Burna Boy''', jẹ́ olórin ti oríl̀-èdè [[Naijiria]]. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/11/21/africa/gallery/africas-biggest-stars/index.html|title=Africa's biggest music stars|website=edition.cnn.com|access-date=10 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2019/07/burna-boy-african-giant-bombastic-nigerian-pop/594610/|title=The 'African Giant' Challenging Musical Boundaries|website=theatlantic.com|date=26 July 2019|access-date=27 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/burna-boy-leads-billboards-top-15-sub-saharan-african-artists/|title=Burna Boy leads Billboard top 15 Sub-Saharan Artists|website=m.guardian.ng|date=6 June 2020|access-date=27 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó di gbajúgbajà lẹ́yìn tí ó kọrin &quot;Like to Party&quot;, ní ọdún 2012, èyí tó wà nínú àwo-orin rẹ̀ ''L.I.F.E'' tó jáde ní ọdún 2013.  Ní ọdún 2017, ó tọwọ́ bọ̀wé pẹ̀lú Bad Habits/ Atlantic Records láti máa lo ilé-iṣẹ́ wọn fi gbórin jáde. Àwo-orin rẹ̀ ẹlẹ́ẹ̀kẹta tí àkọ́lé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ ''Outside'' jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn isé rẹ̀ tó lààmìlaaka.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Nick Duerden|title=How Burna Boy Became Nigeria's Surprise Success Story|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8520544/burna-boy-african-giant-interview|publisher=Billboard|access-date=28 July 2019|date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730110455/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8520544/burna-boy-african-giant-interview|archive-date=30 July 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2019, ó gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ lọ́wọ́  ''2019 BET Awards, All Africa Music Awards, Best World Music Album''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2019/11/24/2baba-burna-boy-others-win-at-afrima-2019/|title=2Baba Burna Boy and Others Win at AFRIMA 2019|date=24 November 2019|website=ChannelsTV|language=en|access-date=24 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127205921/https://www.channelstv.com/2019/11/24/2baba-burna-boy-others-win-at-afrima-2019/|archive-date=27 November 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated3&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author1=Damolo Durosomo|title=Burna Boy, Angelique Kidjo, Trevor Noah &amp; More Earn 2020 Grammy Nominations|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-angelique-kidjo-trevor-noah-more-earn-2020-african-artists-grammy-nominations-full-list/|publisher=OkayAfrica|access-date=20 November 2019|date=20 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191121141704/https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-angelique-kidjo-trevor-noah-more-earn-2020-african-artists-grammy-nominations-full-list/|archive-date=21 November 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=GRAMMY.com|url=https://www.grammy.com/|access-date=27 November 2020|website=GRAMMY.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=14 March 2021|title=Grammys 2021: Burna Boy win at music awards|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56393983|access-date=14 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìbèrẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ ayé àti ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ ==
Ìú [[Port Harcourt]] ni wón bí Damini Ogulu sí, ní oríl̀-èdè [[Naijiria]].&lt;ref name=&quot;vogue2018&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-global-100-style-profile-outside|title=Nigerian Singer Burna Boy on His Patchwork Approach to Style|work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]|first=Rachel|last=Hahn|date=27 February 2018|access-date=4 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218225217/https://www.vogue.com/article/burna-boy-global-100-style-profile-outside|archive-date=18 December 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iṣé wẹ́dà ni bàbá rẹ̀ ń se, nígbà tií ìyá rè ń sisẹ́ tapítà. Bàbá-bàbá rẹ̀, Benson Idonije fìgbà kan jẹ́ òsìsẹ́  [[Fela Kuti]].&lt;ref name=&quot;SSense&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author1=Safra Ducreay|title=Burna Boy, Afrofusion Superhero|url=https://www.ssense.com/en-us/editorial/music/burna-boy-afrofusion-superhero|website=SSense|date=4 April 2018|access-date=1 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506033627/https://www.ssense.com/en-us/editorial/music/burna-boy-afrofusion-superhero|archive-date=6 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wsj2019&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-nigerian-pop-star-finds-success-in-the-u-s-on-his-own-terms-11572884659|title=A Nigerian Pop Star Finds Success in the U.S., On His Own Terms|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|first=Neil|last=Shah|date=4 November 2019|access-date=4 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104191935/https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-nigerian-pop-star-finds-success-in-the-u-s-on-his-own-terms-11572884659|archive-date=4 November 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ilé-ìwé Corona ní Agbara ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ògùn]] ni ó ti kàwé kí ó tó lọ ìlú [[London]] láti kàwé si.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Burna Boy Drops New Single &quot;Yawa Dey&quot;|url=https://www.channelstv.com/tag/corona-secondary-school/|website=[[Channels TV]]|access-date=28 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;SSense&quot; /&gt; Ó gboyè èkọ́ ní University of Sussex nínú Media Technology&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Nigeria : Information by country or region : ... : Study with us : University of Sussex|url=https://www.sussex.ac.uk/study/international-students/information-by-country/nigeria|access-date=2022-04-28|website=www.sussex.ac.uk|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; láti ọdún 2008 wọ ọdún 2009, léyìn náà, ó lọ Oxford Brookes University (2009–2010) láti gboyè ẹ̀kọ́ nínú Media Communications and Culture.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Burna Boy {{!}} Universal Music publishing Group|url=https://www.umusicpub.com/uk/Artists/B/Burna-Boy.aspx|access-date=2022-04-28|website=Universal Music publishing Group UK}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó sẹ́ wá padà sí Port-Harcourt, láti ṣiṣẹ́ ní ilé-iṣé rédíò Rhythm 93.7 FM.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Ìgbà náà ló bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ orin kíkọ rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==

=== 2012–2015: ''L.I.F.E'' and ''On a Spaceship'' ===
Àwo-orin àkọ́kọ́ ti Burna Boy ṣe ni ''L.I.F.E'' tí ó jáde ní ọjọ́ kejìlá, oṣù kẹjọ, ọdún 2013. Orin ọ̀hún sì tà gan-an.&lt;ref name=&quot;allAfrica.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Abulude|first1=Samuel|title=Nigeria: Burna Boy Sells Debut Album Rights for N10 Million|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201309060110.html|website=allAfrica.com|publisher=allAfrica via Leadership Nigeria|access-date=1 July 2014|date=6 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714201953/http://allafrica.com/stories/201309060110.html|archive-date=14 July 2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Leriq ló se àgbéjáde àwo-orin náà, àwọn olórin bíi [[2face Idibia]], M.I, [[Timaya]], [[Olamide]], [[Reminisce]] àti [[Wizkid]] sí hàn nínú rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Iwar|first1=Sute|title=Burna Boy's Album Debut 'L.I.F.E'|url=http://www.okayafrica.com/audio/burna-boy-life-debut-album/|website=Okayafrica.com|publisher=OkayAfrica|access-date=1 July 2014|date=23 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714131613/http://www.okayafrica.com/audio/burna-boy-life-debut-album/|archive-date=14 July 2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Afrobeats_star_Burna_Boy_performing_with_at_Nativeland_Concert,_Lagos,_Nigeria_2016.jpg|thumb|Burna Boy ni ibi tí ó ti ń kọrin ní Nativeland Concert ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó]], ní ọdún 2016]]
Àwo-orin kejì ''On a Spaceship'' jáde ní ọjọ́ kèẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n, oṣù kọkànlá, ọdún 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://silverbirdtv.com/uncategorized/22965/burna-boy-releases-on-a-spaceship-album/|title=Burna Boy Releases 'On a Spaceship' Album|date=26 November 2015|website=SilverbirdTV|language=en-US|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113182439/http://silverbirdtv.com/uncategorized/22965/burna-boy-releases-on-a-spaceship-album/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó tún gbé ìmíì jáde ní ọdún 2016.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.thefader.com/2016/09/23/burna-boy-redemption-ep|title=Listen To Burna Boy's New EP Redemption|website=The FADER|language=en|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113182337/https://www.thefader.com/2016/09/23/burna-boy-redemption-ep|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/burna-boy-drops-7-track-ep-redemption/|title=Burna Boy drops 7-track EP 'Redemption'|date=23 September 2016|website=Nigerian Entertainment Today|language=en-GB|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232222/http://thenet.ng/burna-boy-drops-7-track-ep-redemption/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àtòjọ orin rẹ̀ ==

=== Àwo-orin ní Studio ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+Èyí ni àtòjọ àwọn orin tó ṣe nínú studio
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:8em;&quot; |Title
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:17em;&quot; |Album details
! colspan=&quot;7&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |Peak chart positions
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:13em;&quot; |[[List of music recording certifications|Certifications]]
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:2.8em;font-size:90%;&quot; |[[UK Albums Chart|UK]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:2.8em;font-size:90%;&quot; |[[Canadian Albums Chart|CAN]]&lt;ref name=&quot;CAN&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/burna-boy/chart-history/cna/|title=Burna Boy – Chart History: Canadian Albums|magazine=Billboard|access-date=5 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:2.8em;font-size:90%;&quot; |[[Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique|FRA]]&lt;ref name=&quot;FRA&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://lescharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Burna+Boy|title=Discographie Burna Boy|publisher=French Charts Portal. Hung Medien}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:2.8em;font-size:90%;&quot; |[[Irish Albums Chart|IRE]]&lt;ref name=&quot;IRE&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Burna+Boy|title=Discography Burna Boy|publisher=irish-charts.com. Hung Medien|access-date=22 July 2020|archive-date=21 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021220425/http://irish-charts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Burna+Boy|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:2.8em;font-size:90%;&quot; |[[Dutch Album Top 100|NLD]]&lt;ref name=&quot;NLD-albums&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://dutchcharts.nl/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Burna+Boy|title=dutchcharts.nl – Discografie Burna Boy|publisher=Hung Medien}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:2.8em;font-size:90%;&quot; |[[Sverigetopplistan|SWE]]&lt;ref name=&quot;SWE&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://swedishcharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Burna+Boy|title=Discography Burna Boy}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:2.8em;font-size:90%;&quot; |[[Billboard 200|US]]&lt;ref name=&quot;BB200&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/burna-boy/chart-history/tlp/|title=Burna Boy – Chart History: Billboard 200|magazine=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|access-date=5 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |L.I.F.E
|
* Released: 12 August 2013
* Label: Aristokrat
* Formats:CD, digital download
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |''On a Spaceship''
|
* Released: 2015
* Label: Aristokrat
* Formats: CD, digital download
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Outside
|
* Released: 26 January 2018
* Label: Spaceship, Bad Habit, Atlantic
* Formats: CD, digital download
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |African Giant
|
* Released: 26 July 2019
* Label: Spaceship, Atlantic, Warner Music
* Formats: CD, digital download
|16
|33
|54
|80
|12
|—
|104
|
* [[British Phonographic Industry|BPI]]: Silver&lt;ref name=&quot;BPI&quot;&gt;{{cite certification|region=United Kingdom|artist=Burna Boy|access-date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |Twice at Tall
|
* Released: 14 August 2020
* Label: Spaceship, Atlantic, Warner Music
* Formats: CD, LP, digital download
|11
|19
|29
|31
|10
|47
|54
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |''Love, Damini''
|
* Scheduled: 2 July 2022
* Label: Spaceship, Atlantic, Warner Music
* Formats: CD, LP, digital download
|
|}

=== Orin téèpù ===

* ''Burn Notice'' (2011)
* ''Burn Identity'' (2012)

=== EPs ===

* ''Redemption'' (2016)
* ''[[Steel &amp; Copper]]'' &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;(with [[DJDS]])&lt;/span&gt; (2019)

=== Orin àdákọ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+Èyí ni àtòjọ àwọn orin tí ó dá kọ, àkọ́lé wọn, àti ọdún tí ó gbe jáde.
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |Àkọ́lé 
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |Ọdún
! colspan=&quot;1&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |Peak chart positions
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |Certifications
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; scope=&quot;col&quot; |Album
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:3em;font-size:90%;&quot; |[[UK Singles Chart|UK]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Official Charts Company&quot;&gt;Peak chart positions in the UK:

* For all except where noted: {{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artist/29059/burna-boy/|title=Burna Boy {{!}} full Official Chart History|publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]|access-date=12 November 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Like to Party&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2012
|—
|
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |L.I.F.E
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Tonight&quot;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Run My Race&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2013
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Yawa Dey&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.val9ja.com/burna-boy-yawa-dey/|title=Burna Boy – &quot;Yawa Dey&quot;|date=29 July 2020|publisher=val9ja.com|access-date=3 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Celebrate&quot;
|—
||rowspan=&quot;5&quot; {{n/a|Non-album singles}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Won Da Mo&quot; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%; &quot;&gt;(featuring [[D'banj]])&lt;/span&gt;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Rockstar&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2014
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Don Gorgon&quot;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Check and Balance&quot;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Soke&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2015
|—
|
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |''On a Spaceship''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;The Realest&quot;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Rizzla&quot;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Pree Me&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2016/07/music-burna-boy-pree-me-prod-by-leriq/|title=MUSIC: Burna Boy – Pree Me (Prod. by LeriQ)|date=7 July 2016|website=360Nobs.com|language=en-US|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232249/https://www.360nobs.com/2016/07/music-burna-boy-pree-me-prod-by-leriq/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2016
|—
|
|''Redemption''
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Mandem Anthem&quot;
|—
||rowspan=&quot;2&quot; {{n/a|Non-album singles}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Hallelujah&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |2017
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Rock Your Body&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.voxlyrics.com/burna-boy-rock-your-body/|title=Burna Boy – &quot;Rock Your Body&quot;|publisher=voxlyrics.com|access-date=9 December 2020|archive-date=15 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115172809/https://www.voxlyrics.com/burna-boy-rock-your-body/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
|
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Outside
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Streets of Africa&quot;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Koni Baje&quot;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Sekkle Down&quot; &lt;small&gt;(featuring J Hus)&lt;/small&gt;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Heaven's Gate&quot; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%; &quot;&gt;(featuring Lily Allen)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/music/burna-boy-another-madness-new-track-ft-lily-allen-heavens-gate/|title=Burna Boy Does A Madness On New Track With Lily Allen, 'Heaven's Gate'|last=Animashaun|first=Damilola|date=19 January 2018|website=Konbini Nigeria|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232148/http://www.konbini.com/ng/entertainment/music/burna-boy-another-madness-new-track-ft-lily-allen-heavens-gate/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |2018
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Ye&quot;
|—
|
* BPI: Gold&lt;ref name=&quot;BPI&quot; /&gt;
* MC: Gold&lt;ref name=&quot;MC&quot;&gt;{{cite certification|region=Canada|artist=Burna Boy|access-date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* RIAA: Gold&lt;ref name=&quot;RIAA&quot;&gt;{{cite certification|region=United States|artist=Burna Boy|access-date=27 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* SNEP: Gold&lt;ref name=&quot;SNEP&quot;&gt;{{cite certification|region=France|artist=Burna Boy|access-date=19 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;On the Low&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/burna-boy-on-the-low-new-song/|title=Burna Boy – &quot;On The Low&quot; » tooXclusive {{!}} MP3|date=15 November 2018|website=tooXclusive|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232152/http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/burna-boy-on-the-low-new-song/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
|
* BPI: Silver&lt;ref name=&quot;BPI&quot; /&gt;
* MC: Platinum&lt;ref name=&quot;MC&quot; /&gt;
* RIAA: Gold&lt;ref name=&quot;RIAA&quot; /&gt;
* SNEP: Gold&lt;ref name=&quot;SNEP&quot; /&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Gbona&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/burna-boy-gbona/|title=Burna Boy – &quot;Gbona&quot; – tooXclusive {{!}} Download MP3|date=25 September 2018|website=tooXclusive|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232149/http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/burna-boy-gbona/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Killin Dem&quot; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%; &quot;&gt;(featuring [[Zlatan]])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/burna-boy-zlatan-in-new-music-killin-dem/8g36hdy|title=Burna Boy – 'Killin Dem' feat Zlatan|date=26 December 2018|website=pulse.ng|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232419/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/burna-boy-zlatan-in-new-music-killin-dem/8g36hdy|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Dangote&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Wandera Hussein|title=Burna Boy shares new single &quot;Dangote&quot;|url=https://www.thefader.com/2019/03/01/burna-boy-new-song-dangote|website=The Fader|access-date=2 March 2019|date=1 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302125447/https://www.thefader.com/2019/03/01/burna-boy-new-song-dangote|archive-date=2 March 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2019
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Anybody&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Hycent Hyt|title=Burna Boy shares new single 'Anybody'|url=https://www.8o8wave.com/burna-boy-shares-new-single-anybody-listen/|website=8o8wave.com|access-date=13 June 2019|date=13 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191021090324/https://www.8o8wave.com/burna-boy-shares-new-single-anybody-listen/|archive-date=21 October 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
|
* MC: Gold&lt;ref name=&quot;MC&quot; /&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Pull Up&quot;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Money Play&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Antoinette Isama|title=A New Burna Boy Song, 'Money Play,' Is Here|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/listen-download-stream-burna-boy-money-play/|website=OkayAfrica|access-date=16 February 2020|date=26 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
||rowspan=&quot;2&quot; {{N/A|Non-album singles}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Odogwu&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Madison Bloom|title=Burna Boy Shares New Song &quot;Odogwu&quot;: Listen|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/burna-boy-shares-new-song-odogwu-listen/|website=Pitchfork|access-date=29 February 2020|date=27 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2020
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Wonderful&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Leight|first1=Elias|title=Follow-up to African Giant arrives this summer|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/burna-boy-wonderful-1020419/|website=RollingStone|access-date=15 July 2020|date=25 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
|
|Twice as Tall
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;20 10 20&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Leight|first1=Elias|title=Burna Boy condemns police brutality in Nigeria on new song '20 10 20'|url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/burna-boy-condemns-police-brutality-in-nigeria-on-new-song-20-10-20-2805510|website=NME|access-date=1 November 2020|date=1 November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
||rowspan=&quot;1&quot; {{N/A|Non-album single}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Monsters You Made&quot; &lt;small&gt;(featuring Chris Martin)&lt;/small&gt;
|—
|
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Twice as Tall
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Real Life&quot; &lt;small&gt;(featuring Stormzy)&lt;/small&gt;
|54
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Way Too Big&quot;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Kilometre&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2021
|—
|| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; {{N/A|Non-album singles}}
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Question&quot; &lt;small&gt;(featuring [[Don Jazzy]])&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|title=Burna Boy Drops Second Solo Single of 2021, 'Question'|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/burna-boy-new-song-question-don-jazzy-1216236/|access-date=3 September 2021|magazine=Rolling Stone}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;Want It All&quot; &lt;small&gt;(featuring Polo G)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=30 September 2021|title=Burna Boy and Polo G Share Video for New Song &quot;Want It All&quot;|url=https://pitchfork.com/news/burna-boy-and-polo-g-share-video-for-new-song-want-it-all-watch/|access-date=1 October 2021|website=Pitchfork}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|—
|
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; |&quot;B. d'Or&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/burna-boy-wizkid-b-dor-collaboration-listen-1235010293/|title=Burna Boy &amp; Wizkid Drop New Collaboration 'B. d'Or'|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|last=Rowley|first=Glenn|date=14 December 2021|access-date=14 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;(featuring [[Wizkid]])&lt;/span&gt;
|—
|
|-
| colspan=&quot;10&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; |&quot;—&quot; denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory.
|}

=== Àwọn olórin tó hàn ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable plainrowheaders&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
!Year
!Artist
!Title
!Certification
!Album
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2013
|[[Wande Coal]]
|&quot;Amorawa&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.36ng.ng/2013/11/29/wande-coal-amorawa-ft-burna-boy-prod-by-leriq/|title=Wande Coal – Amorawa ft. Burna Boy [Prod. By Leriq] {{!}} 36NG|last=Blcvk|date=29 November 2013|language=en-US|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232330/https://www.36ng.ng/2013/11/29/wande-coal-amorawa-ft-burna-boy-prod-by-leriq/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
||rowspan=&quot;1&quot;{{n/a|Non-album single}}
|-
|[[Ice Prince]]
|&quot;Gimme Dat&quot; &lt;small&gt;(also featuring Yung L and [[Olamide]])&lt;/small&gt;
|
|''Fire of Zamani''
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2014
|DJ Spinall
|&quot;Gba Gbe E&quot;
||rowspan=&quot;1&quot;{{n/a|Non-album single}}
|-
|AKA
|&quot;All Eyes On Me&quot; &lt;small&gt;(also featuring Da L.E.S and JR)&lt;/small&gt;
|
|''Levels''
|-
|[[Sarkodie]]
|&quot;Special Someone&quot; &lt;small&gt;(also featuring AKA)&lt;/small&gt;
|
|''Sarkology''
|-
|2016
|[[Skales]]
|&quot;Temper&quot; (Remix)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/skales-temper-remix-ft-burna-boy/|title=Skales – &quot;Temper (Remix)&quot; ft. Burna Boy » tooXclusive|date=23 December 2016|website=tooXclusive|language=en-US|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232214/http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/skales-temper-remix-ft-burna-boy/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
||rowspan=&quot;2&quot;{{n/a|Non-album singles}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2017
|Airboy
|&quot;Ayepo&quot; (Remix)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/airboy-ayepo-remix-f-burna-boy/|title=Airboy – Ayepo (Remix) f. Burna Boy – TooXclusive {{!}} MP3|date=21 November 2017|website=tooXclusive|language=en-US|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232216/http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/airboy-ayepo-remix-f-burna-boy/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|-
|[[Skales]]
|&quot;Gbefun One Time&quot;
|
|''The Never Say Never Guy''
|-
|[[Jesse Jagz]]
|&quot;Violation&quot;
|
|''Odysseus''
|-
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |2018
|Four of Diamonds
|&quot;Name On It&quot;
|
|TBA
|-
|Fall Out Boy
|&quot;Sunshine Riptide&quot;
|
|''Mania''
|-
|Lily Allen
|&quot;Your Choice&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-lily-allen-collaboration-your-choice-single-afrobeats-listen-download-stream/|title=Lily Allen and Burna Boy Team Up Again On New Single 'Your Choice'|date=8 June 2018|website=OkayAfrica|language=en|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113233630/https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-lily-allen-collaboration-your-choice-single-afrobeats-listen-download-stream/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''No Shame''
|-
|DJ Spinall
|&quot;Serious&quot;
|
|''Iyanu''
|-
|Larry Gaga
|&quot;Baba Nla&quot; &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%; &quot;&gt;(also featuring [[2face Idibia]] and [[D'banj]])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/song-larry-gaaga-baba-nla-ft-burna-boy-2baba-dbanj/|title=[Song] Larry Gaaga – &quot;Baba Nla&quot; ft. Burna Boy, 2Baba &amp; D'Banj - - Tooxclusive {{!}} MP3|date=10 August 2018|website=tooXclusive|language=en-US|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232235/http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/song-larry-gaaga-baba-nla-ft-burna-boy-2baba-dbanj/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
||{{n/a|Non-album single}}
|-
|Major Lazer
|&quot;All My Life&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Kat Bein|title=Major Lazer Releases 30-Minute 'Afrobeats' Mega-Mix: Listen|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/dance/8474866/major-lazer-afrobeats-mix|publisher=Billboard|access-date=19 February 2019|date=9 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220135641/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/dance/8474866/major-lazer-afrobeats-mix|archive-date=20 February 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Africa Is the Future''
|-
|Show Dem Camp
|&quot;Legend&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/show-dem-camp-legend-ft-burna-boy-new-song/|title=Show Dem Camp – &quot;Legend&quot; ft. Burna Boy » tooXclusive|date=16 October 2018|website=tooXclusive|language=en-US|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232155/http://tooxclusive.com/download-mp3/show-dem-camp-legend-ft-burna-boy-new-song/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Palm Wine Music 2''
|-
|Peruzzi
|&quot;Champion Lover&quot;
|
|''Heartwork''
|-
| rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |2019
|Sauti Sol
|&quot;Afrikan Star&quot;
|
|''Afrikan Sauce''
|-
|Dave
|&quot;Location&quot;
|
* BPI: 3× Platinum&lt;ref name=&quot;BPI&quot; /&gt;
|''Psychodrama''
|-
|Mahalia
|&quot;Simmer&quot;
|
* BPI: Silver&lt;ref name=&quot;BPI&quot; /&gt;
|''Love &amp; Compromise''
|-
|[[Beyoncé]]
|&quot;Ja Ara E&quot;
|
|''The Lion King: The Gift''
|-
|[[DJ Snake]]
|&quot;No Option&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/gb/album/carte-blanche/1473654374|title=Carte Blanche by DJ Snake|website=iTunes|date=25 July 2019|access-date=5 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805115304/https://music.apple.com/gb/album/carte-blanche/1473654374|archive-date=5 August 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Carte Blanche''
|-
|Jorja Smith
|&quot;Be Honest&quot;
|
* BPI: Platinum&lt;ref name=&quot;BPI&quot; /&gt;
* SNEP: Platinum&lt;ref name=&quot;SNEP&quot; /&gt;
|TBA
|-
|IDK
|&quot;December&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/december/1478432877?i=1478432929|title=Is He Real by IDK|website=iTunes|date=4 September 2019|access-date=16 December 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Is He Real''
|-
|Wretch 32
|&quot;All In&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/gb/album/upon-reflection/1481226670|title=Upon Reflection by Wretch 32|website=iTunes|date=17 October 2019|access-date=18 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018103850/https://music.apple.com/gb/album/upon-reflection/1481226670|archive-date=18 October 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Upon Reflection''
|-
|Stormzy, Ed Sheeran
|&quot;Own It&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/gb/album/heavy-is-the-head/1487951013|title=Heavy Is the Head by Stormzy|website=iTunes|access-date=19 November 2019|archive-date=21 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421170254/https://music.apple.com/gb/album/heavy-is-the-head/1487951013|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
* BPI: 2× Platinum&lt;ref name=&quot;BPI&quot; /&gt;
|''Heavy Is the Head''
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |2020
|J Hus
|&quot;Play Play&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=James Keith|title=J Hus' New Album 'Big Conspiracy' Is Here|url=https://www.complex.com/music/2020/01/j-hus-big-conspiracy|website=Complex|access-date=26 January 2020|date=24 January 2019|archive-date=25 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125135040/https://www.complex.com/music/2020/01/j-hus-big-conspiracy|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
* BPI: Gold&lt;ref name=&quot;BPI&quot; /&gt;
|''Big Conspiracy''
|-
|2Baba
|&quot;We Must Groove&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/2baba-releases-new-album-warriors-burna-boy-tiwa-savage/|title=Listen to 2Baba's New 13-Track Album 'Warriors'|date=28 February 2020|website=OkayAfrica|access-date=20 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Warriors''
|-
|Pop Smoke
|&quot;Enjoy Yourself&quot; (Remix)
|
|''Shoot for the Stars, Aim for the Moon'' (Deluxe)
|-
|Master KG featuring Nomcebo
|&quot;Jerusalema&quot; (Remix)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/video-master-kg-featuring-burna-boy-and-nomcebo-jerusalema-remix/clm2npg|title=VIDEO: Master KG featuring Burna Boy and Nomcebo – Jerusalema [Remix] {{!}} Pulse Nigeria|date=23 October 2020|access-date=7 May 2022|archive-date=7 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507023108/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/video-master-kg-featuring-burna-boy-and-nomcebo-jerusalema-remix/clm2npg|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
* SNEP: Diamond&lt;ref name=&quot;SNEP&quot; /&gt;
|''Jerusalema''
|-
|Shocka
|&quot;Intro&quot; &lt;small&gt;(Burna Boy Speaks)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.asbomagazine.com/home-featured/shocka-impac-over-numbers|title=Music and Mental Health: Why Shocka is choosing to focus on Impact OverNumbers|website=ASBO}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Impact Over Numbers''
|-
|Sam Smith featuring Burna Boy
|&quot;My Oasis&quot;
|
|''Love Goes''
|-
|[[Wizkid]] featuring Burna Boy
|&quot;Ginger&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2020/oct/18/wizkid-made-in-lagos-review-nigerians-do-it-better|title=Wizkid: Made in Lagos review – Nigerians do it better|work=[[The Guardian]]|last=Kate|first=Hutchinson|date=18 October 2020|access-date=29 October 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Made in Lagos''
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2021
|Sia featuring Burna Boy
|&quot;Hey Boy&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|title=Sia Adds Burna Boy to Bouncy 'Music' Single 'Hey Boy': Listen|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/9511191/sia-hey-boy-burna-boy|access-date=22 January 2021|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Music – Songs from and Inspired by the Motion Picture''
|-
|[[Justin Bieber]] featuring Burna Boy
|&quot;Loved by You&quot;
|
|''Justice''
|-
|Jon Bellion featuring Burna Boy
|&quot;I Feel It&quot;
|
|TBA
|-
|Becky G featuring Burna Boy
|&quot;Rotate&quot;
|
|Non-album single
|-
|John Legend featuring Burna Boy
|&quot;Coming 2 America&quot;
|
|El Rey De Zamunda 2 (Amazon Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
|-
|Black Sherif featuring Burna Boy
|&lt;nowiki&gt;''Second Semon Remix''&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Hear Burna Boy and Black Sherif on the 'Second Sermon' Remix|url=https://grungecake.com/black-sherif-second-sermon-remix-burna-boy/articles/84674|access-date=14 December 2021|website=grungecake.com}}{{Dead link|date=December 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|Non-album single
|-
|2022
|Asake featuring Burna Boy
|&quot;Sungba Remix&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asake - Sungba (Remix) ft. Burna Boy {{!}}{{!}} Mp3 « tooXclusive|url=https://tooxclusive.com/asake-sungba-remix-ft-burna-boy/|access-date=2022-03-30|website=tooxclusive.com|archive-date=2022-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521001412/https://tooxclusive.com/asake-sungba-remix-ft-burna-boy/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|
|}

== Àwọn Fídíò orin rẹ̀ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Year
!Title
!Director
!Ref
|-
|2015
|&quot;P.A.I.D&quot;
|Sesan
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pulse.com.gh/music-videos/da-l-e-s-burna-boy-aka-trio-put-on-a-luxury-display-in-p-a-i-d-video-id4021870.html|title=Da L.E.S, Burna Boy, AKA Trio put on a 'luxury' display in 'P.A.I.D' video|website=Pulse.com.gh|date=29 July 2015|publisher=David Mawuli|access-date=25 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160227081525/http://pulse.com.gh/music-videos/da-l-e-s-burna-boy-aka-trio-put-on-a-luxury-display-in-p-a-i-d-video-id4021870.html|archive-date=27 February 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2016
|&quot;Pree Me&quot;
|Meji Alabi
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-pree-me-video-redemption/|title=Burna Boy Ballets Past the Haters in the New â€˜Pree Meâ€™ Video|date=6 September 2016|website=OkayAfrica|language=en|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121064641/https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-pree-me-video-redemption/|archive-date=21 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2017
|&quot;Deja Vu&quot;
|Clarence Peters
|
|-
|&quot;Hallelujah&quot;
|Mat Max
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2018
|&quot;Heaven's Gate&quot;/&quot;Sekkle Down&quot;
|
|
|-
|&quot;Ye&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Clarence Peters]]
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://culturecustodian.com/burna-boy-ye-video/|title=Nigeria's National Anthem, Burna Boy's Ye Finally Gets A Video|date=6 August 2018|website=The Culture Custodian (Est. 2014)|language=en-US|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232400/http://culturecustodian.com/burna-boy-ye-video/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&quot;Gbona&quot;
|
|-
|&quot;On the Low&quot;
|Meji Alabi
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2019
|&quot;Killin Dem&quot;
|Prodigeezy
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Kam Tambini|title=Watch Zlatan &amp; Burna Boy's New Music Video For 'Killin Dem'|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-zlatan-killin-dem-video-watch-listen/|publisher=OkayAfrica|access-date=19 February 2019|date=25 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220062858/https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-zlatan-killin-dem-video-watch-listen/|archive-date=20 February 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&quot;Dangote&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Clarence Peters
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Joey Akan|title=Dangote Isn't Nigeria's Hero, But Don't Ask Burna Boy|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-dangote-video-song-opinion/|publisher=OkayAfrica|access-date=8 May 2019|date=7 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508155105/https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-dangote-video-song-opinion/|archive-date=8 May 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&quot;Anybody&quot;
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://hypebeast.com/2019/6/burna-boy-single-anybody-music-video|title=Burna Boy Drops Visuals for New Single 'Anybody'|website=HYPEBEAST|date=14 June 2019|access-date=17 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617163716/https://hypebeast.com/2019/6/burna-boy-single-anybody-music-video|archive-date=17 June 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&quot;Pull Up&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Meji Alabi
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://notjustok.com/videos/video-burna-boy-pull-up/|title=Burna Boy – Pull Up {{!}} Mp3 &amp; Video Download « NotJustOk|date=21 August 2019|website=Latest Naija Nigerian Music, Songs &amp; Video – Notjustok|language=en-US|access-date=11 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828010433/https://notjustok.com/videos/video-burna-boy-pull-up/|archive-date=28 August 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&quot;Gum Body&quot;(with jorja smith)
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://notjustok.com/videos/video-burna-boy-gum-body-ft-jorja-smith/|title=Burna Boy – Gum Body ft. Jorja Smith {{!}} Video Download – NotJustOk|date=10 September 2019|website=Latest Naija Nigerian Music, Songs &amp; Video – Notjustok|language=en-US|access-date=11 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911024217/https://notjustok.com/videos/video-burna-boy-gum-body-ft-jorja-smith/|archive-date=11 September 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&quot;Own It&quot; (with Stormzy &amp; Ed Sheeran)
|Nathan James Tettey
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Stormzy ft Ed Sheeran &amp; Burna Boy 'Own It' by Nathan James Tettey {{!}} Videos {{!}} Promonews|url=https://www.promonews.tv/videos/2019/11/25/stormzy-ft-ed-sheeran-burna-boy-own-it-nathan-james-tettey/62068|access-date=30 January 2021|website=Promonewstv|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |2020
|&quot;Odogwu&quot;
|TG Omori
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=16 March 2020|title=Watch Burna Boy's Striking New Music Video For 'Odogwu'|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/burna-boy-odogwu-music-video-watch/|access-date=30 January 2021|website=OkayAfrica|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Wonderful
|Director K
|
|-
|&quot;Monsters you made&quot;
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Meji Alabi
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Burna Boy ft Chris Martin 'Monsters You Made' by Meji Alabi {{!}} Videos {{!}} Promonews|url=https://www.promonews.tv/videos/2020/10/29/burna-boy-ft-chris-martin-monsters-you-made-meji-alabi/67504|access-date=30 January 2021|website=Promonewstv|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&quot;Real life&quot; (featuring Stormzy)
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Burna Boy ft Stormzy 'Real Life' by Meji Alabi {{!}} Videos {{!}} Promonews|url=https://www.promonews.tv/videos/2020/10/07/burna-boy-ft-stormzy-real-life%E2%80%99-meji-alabi/67055|access-date=30 January 2021|website=Promonewstv|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&quot;Way too big&quot;
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Burna Boy: Way Too Big (Video 2020) – IMDb|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt13678422/|access-date=30 January 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2021
|&quot;Hey Boy&quot; (with Sia)
|Rafatoon
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine|last=Shaffer|first=Claire|date=14 January 2021|title=Sia, Burna Boy Release Animated, Anthropomorphic Video for 'Hey Boy'|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/sia-burna-boy-hey-boy-video-1114438/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114142159/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/sia-burna-boy-hey-boy-video-1114438/|archive-date=14 January 2021|access-date=30 March 2021|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&quot;Ginger&quot; (with [[Wizkid]])
|Meji Alabi
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=10 January 2021|title=WizKid and Burna Boy share stylish new 'Ginger' video|url=https://www.nme.com/en_asia/news/music/wizkid-and-burna-boy-share-stylish-video-ginger-2853028|access-date=30 January 2021|website=NME {{!}} Music, Film, TV, Gaming &amp; Pop Culture News|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|-
|2025
|&quot;Pardon&quot; (with [[Stromae]])
|
|-
|}

== Àtòjọ àwọn àmì-èyẹ rẹ̀ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Year
!Event
!Prize
!Recipient
!Result
!Ref
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2013
|South South Music Awards
|South South Music Awards
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Himself
|{{won}}
|
|-
|[[2013 Nigeria Entertainment Awards|Nigeria Entertainment Awards]]
|Best New Act of the Year
|{{won}}
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[The Headies 2013|The Headies]]
|[[The Headies Award for Next Rated|Next Rated]]|{{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://hiphopworldmagazine.com/theheadies/full-nominees-list-of-the-headies-2013/|title=FULL NOMINEES LIST OF THE HEADIES 2013|date=5 December 2013|access-date=21 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150325215117/http://hiphopworldmagazine.com/theheadies/full-nominees-list-of-the-headies-2013/|archive-date=25 March 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Best R&amp;B Single
|&quot;Like to Party&quot;|{{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |2014
|[[MTV Africa Music Awards 2014|MTV Africa Music Awards]]
|Best New Act
|Himself|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mtvbase.com/news/2014-mama-nominees-revealed/|title=MTV NEWS 2014 MAMA NOMINEES REVEALED|publisher=Mtv Base|date=16 April 2014|access-date=17 June 2014|author=Mtv Base|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625001521/http://www.mtvbase.com/news/2014-mama-nominees-revealed|archive-date=25 June 2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |[[The Headies 2014|The Headies]]
|Best R&amp;B Single
|&quot;Don Gorgon&quot;|{{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Headies 2014: Davido, Olamide, Patoranking, Mavins win big, Wizkid missing – Vanguard News|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/12/headies-2014-davido-olamide-patoranking-mavins-win-big-wizkid-missing/|access-date=4 August 2016|date=15 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426131430/http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/12/headies-2014-davido-olamide-patoranking-mavins-win-big-wizkid-missing/|archive-date=26 April 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Best R&amp;B/Pop Album
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |''[[L.I.F.E]]''|{{nom}}
|-
|[[The Headies Award for Hip Hop World Revelation of the Year|Hip Hop World Revelation of the Year]]|{{nom}}
|-
|[[The Headies Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]]|{{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2015
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Nigeria Entertainment Awards]]
|Best Pop Artist of the Year
|Himself|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Full List Of Nominees For Nigerian Entertainment Awards 2015 {{!}} Nigerian Entertainment Today – Nigeria's Number 1 Entertainment Daily|url=http://thenet.ng/2015/06/full-list-of-nominees-for-nigerian-entertainment-awards-2015/|access-date=4 August 2016|date=12 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160621180343/http://thenet.ng/2015/06/full-list-of-nominees-for-nigerian-entertainment-awards-2015/|archive-date=21 June 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Album of the Year
|L.I.F.E
|{{Won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=14 September 2015|title=Wizkid, Davido, Olamide, others shine at 2015 NEA Awards {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/190072-wizkid-davido-olamide-others-shine-at-2015-nea-awards.html|access-date=15 May 2021|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|MTV Africa Music Awards
|Best Collaboration
|&quot;All Eyes on Me&quot;
&lt;small&gt;(feat. Burna Boy, Da L.E.S, JR)&lt;/small&gt;
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=19 July 2015|title=Here Are The 2015 MTV Africa Music Awards Winners|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/mtv-africa-music-awards-2015-winners/|access-date=15 April 2021|website=OkayAfrica|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|All Africa Music Awards
|Best African Collaboration
|&quot;All Eyes on Me&quot;
&lt;small&gt;(feat. Burna Boy, Da L.E.S, JR)&lt;/small&gt;
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=16 November 2015|title=See full list of winners at awards show|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/afrima-2015-see-full-list-of-winners-at-awards-show/rf3ezkl|access-date=15 April 2021|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2018
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |African Musik Magazine Awards (AFRIMMA)
|Best African DanceHall/Reggae Act
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Himself
|{{won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=16 October 2018|title=Burna Boy Wins Big At The 2018 African Muzik Magazine Awards|url=https://guardian.ng/life/music/burna-boy-wins-big-at-the2018-african-muzik-magazine-awards/|access-date=15 April 2021|website=The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archive-date=31 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131034549/https://guardian.ng/life/music/burna-boy-wins-big-at-the2018-african-muzik-magazine-awards/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Best Live Act|{{nom}}
|-
|Nigeria Entertainment Awards
|Album of the Year
|Outside
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=19 November 2018|title=Davido, Tiwa Savage and Burna Boy win at 2018 Nigerian Entertainment Awards [See full list]|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davido-tiwa-savage-and-burna-boy-win-at-2018-nigerian-entertainment-awards-see-full/77zs365|access-date=15 April 2021|website=Pulse Nigeria|language=en|archive-date=30 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330233255/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/davido-tiwa-savage-and-burna-boy-win-at-2018-nigerian-entertainment-awards-see-full/77zs365|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;30&quot; |2019
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[Soundcity MVP Awards Festival]]
|Listener's Choice
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&quot;[[Ye (song)|Ye]]&quot;
|{{won}}
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/304307-full-list-of-winners-at-the-2019-soundcity-mvp-awards.html|title=Full list of winners at the 2019 SOUNDCITY MVP awardsÂ|date=6 January 2019|website=Premium Times Nigeria|language=en-GB|access-date=28 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404214428/https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/304307-full-list-of-winners-at-the-2019-soundcity-mvp-awards.html|archive-date=4 April 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Song of the Year
|{{won}}
|-
|Viewer's Choice|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Male MVP
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Himself
|{{won}}
|-
|African Artiste of the Year
|{{won}}
|-
|[[BET Awards 2019|BET Awards]]
|Best International Act
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/1244964-burna-boy-wins-2019-bet-best-international-act-award.html|title=Burna Boy wins 2019 BET Best International Act award|date=6 January 2019|website=legit.ng|access-date=24 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624094310/https://www.legit.ng/1244964-burna-boy-wins-2019-bet-best-international-act-award.html|archive-date=24 June 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |[[The Headies 2019|The Headies]]
|Viewer's Choice|{{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Gbenga Bada|title=Headies 2019: Here are all the winners at the 13th edition of music award|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/headies-2019-here-are-all-the-winners-at-13th-edition-of-music-award/peegxqv|publisher=Pulse Nigeria|access-date=20 October 2019|date=20 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019214705/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/headies-2019-here-are-all-the-winners-at-13th-edition-of-music-award/peegxqv|archive-date=19 October 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|[[The Headies Award for Artiste of the Year|Artiste of the Year]]
|{{won}}
|-
|Best Recording of the Year
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&quot;Ye&quot;|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Pop Single|{{nom}}
|-
|[[The Headies Award for Song of the Year|Song of the Year]]
|{{won}}
|-
|Best R&amp;B/Pop Album
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |''[[Outside (Burna Boy album)|Outside]]''|{{nom}}
|-
|[[The Headies Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]]|{{nom}}
|-
|[[The Headies Award for Best Collaboration|Best Collaboration]]
|&quot;Killin' Dem&quot; 
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;(featuring Zlatan)&lt;/span&gt;
|{{won}}
|-
|[[2019 MTV Europe Music Awards|MTV Europe Music Awards]]
|[[MTV Europe Music Award for Best African Act|Best African Act]]
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Nigeria: Burna Boy Wins 'Best Africa Act' Award At 2019 MTV EMA's|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201911040050.html|website=allAfrica|publisher=Vanguard|access-date=10 November 2019|date=4 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191105161705/https://allafrica.com/stories/201911040050.html/|archive-date=5 November 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Future Awards Africa
|Future Award Prize for Music
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=25 November 2019|title=Future Awards 2019: Burna Boy, Timini Egbuson win big (Full List of|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/365051-future-awards-2019-burna-boy-timini-egbuson-win-big-full-list-of-winners.html|access-date=15 April 2021|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Future Prize for Young Person of the Year
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |African Muzik Magazine Awards
|Song of the Year
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |&quot;Killin' Dem&quot; 
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;(featuring Zlatan)&lt;/span&gt;
|{{won}}
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/afrimma-2019-awards-winners-list/|title=Here Is the Full List of Winners at the 2019 AFRIMMA Awards|date=28 October 2019|website=OkayAfrica|language=en|access-date=20 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206233724/https://www.okayafrica.com/afrimma-2019-awards-winners-list/|archive-date=6 December 2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Best Collaboration
|{{won}}
|-
|Video of the Year|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Live Act
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Himself|{{nom}}
|-
|Artist of the Year
|{{won}}
|-
|Best Male West Africa
|{{won}}
|-
|Crossing Boundaries with Music|{{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |[[All Africa Music Awards]]
|West African Male Artiste of the Year
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;afrima&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 November 2019|title=Burna Boy, Nasty C, Stonebwoy, Nadia Nakai &amp; More Win 2019 AFRIMA Awards|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/full-list-of-afrima-awards-2019-winners/|access-date=15 April 2021|website=OkayAfrica|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Artiste of the Year in Africa
|{{won}}
|
|-
|Album of the Year
|African Giant|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 November 2019|title=AFRIMAs 2019: Full list of winners|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/afrimas-2019-full-list-winners|access-date=15 May 2021|website=Music In Africa|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Best African Collaboration
|&quot;Killin' Dem&quot; 
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;(featuring Zlatan)&lt;/span&gt;
|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot; /&gt;
|-
|Song of the Year in Africa
|&quot;On the Low&quot;|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot; /&gt;
|-
|Ghana Music Awards
|African Artiste of the Year
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=19 May 2019|title=#VGMA2019: List Of Winners – 2019 Vodafone Ghana Music Awards {{!}} Ghana Music {{!}} Top Stories|url=https://www.ghanamusic.com/news/top-stories/2019/05/19/vgma2019-full-list-of-winners-2019-vodafone-ghana-music-awards/|access-date=15 April 2021|website=Ghana Music|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;21&quot; |2020
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |Soundcity MVP Awards Festival
|Song of the Year
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&quot;Killin' Dem&quot; 
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;(featuring Zlatan)&lt;/span&gt;
|{{won}}
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Damola Durosomo|title=Burna Boy, Tiwa Savage, Rema, Teni &amp; More Win Big at 2020 Soundcity MVP Awards|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/full-list-of-2020-soundcity-mvp-award-winners-nigerian-music/|website=OkayAfrica|access-date=26 January 2020|date=13 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Best Collaboration|{{nom}}
|-
|African Artiste of The Year
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Himself
|{{won}}
|-
|Best Male MVP
|{{won}}
|-
|Listeners' Choice
|Burna Boy for &quot;Killin' Dem&quot;|{{nom}}
|-
|Viewers' Choice
|Burna Boy for &quot;On the Low&quot;|{{nom}}
|-
|Ghana Music Awards
|African Artiste of the Year
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=29 August 2020|title=List Of Winners – 2020 Vodafone Ghana Music Awards {{!}} Ghana Music {{!}} Top Stories|url=https://www.ghanamusic.com/news/top-stories/2020/08/29/list-of-winners-2020-vodafone-ghana-music-awards/|access-date=15 April 2021|website=Ghana Music|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |African Musik Magazine Awards
|Crossing Boundaries with Music
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ezeh|first=Mario|title=Afrimma 2020 Winners|url=https://afrimma.com/afrimma-2020-winners/|access-date=15 April 2021|website=AFRIMMA|language=en-US|archive-date=11 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411121032/https://afrimma.com/afrimma-2020-winners/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Best Collaboration
|&quot;Jerusalema Remix&quot;
&lt;small&gt;(Master KG feat. Nomcebo Zikode and Burna Boy)&lt;/small&gt;
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated4&quot; /&gt;
|-
|Best Male West Africa
|Himself|{{nom}}
|
|-
|Artiste of the Year
|Himself|{{nom}}
|
|-
|Best Live Act
|Himself|{{nom}}
|
|-
|Song of the Year
|&quot;Anybody&quot;|{{nom}}
|
|-
|[[62nd Annual Grammy Awards|Grammy Awards]]
|[[Grammy Award for Best Global Music Album|Best World Music Album]]
|''African Giant''|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated3&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[2020 Brit Awards|Brit Awards]]
|Best International Solo Act
|Himself|{{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Sophie Caraan|title=Stormzy, FKA twigs &amp; Tyler, the Creator Nominated for 2020 BRIT Awards|url=https://hypebeast.com/2020/1/2020-brit-awards-nominations-stormzy-fka-twigs|website=Hybeast|date=13 January 2020|access-date=13 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Song of the Year
|&quot;[[Location (Dave song)|Location]]&quot; 
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;([[Dave (rapper)|Dave]] featuring Burna Boy)&lt;/span&gt;
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[BET Awards]]
|Best International Act
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Burna Boy Wins BET Awards 2020 For Best International Act|url=https://www.naijagig.com/burna-boy-wins-bet-awards-2020-for-best-international-act/|website=Naijagig|access-date=15 July 2020|date=29 June 2020}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|[[Edison Award]]
|Best World Album
|''African Giant''
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Burna Boy Wins 'Best World Album' At Edison Award 2020|url=https://locaatunes.com/events/burna-boy-wins-best-world-album-at-edison-award-2020/|website=LocaaTunes|date=6 December 2020|access-date=6 December 2020|archive-date=28 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228071028/https://locaatunes.com/events/burna-boy-wins-best-world-album-at-edison-award-2020/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[MOBO Awards]]
|Best International Act
|''Himself''
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=List of 2020 MOBO Awards Winners|url=http://mobo.com/news/nines-mahalia-headie-one-and-aitch-score-top-prizes-mobo-awards-2020|website=MOBO Awards|access-date=12 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Best African Act
|Himself|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=MOBO Awards 2020: See the Full List of Nominees! {{!}} MOBO Organisation|url=http://mobo.com/news/mobo-awards-2020-see-full-list-nominees|access-date=15 May 2021|website=mobo.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|[[2020 MTV Europe Music Awards|MTV Europe Music Awards]]
|Best African Act
|Himself|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=7 October 2020|title=Burna Boy, Rema up for 2020 MTV Europe Music Award|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/burna-boy-rema-2020-mtv-europe-music-award|access-date=15 May 2021|website=Music In Africa|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |2021
|[[63rd Annual Grammy Awards|Grammy Awards]]
|Best Global Music Album
|''Twice as Tall''
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Shafer|first=Ellise|title=Grammys 2021 Winners List|url=https://variety.com/2021/music/news/2021-grammys-winners-list-1234926947/|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=14 March 2021|date=14 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|BRITs Awards
|International Male Solo Artist
|Himself|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nominees for the BRIT Awards 2021|url=https://www.brits.co.uk/nominees|access-date=21 April 2021|website=BRIT Awards|language=en|archive-date=11 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111194725/https://www.brits.co.uk/nominees|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Global Music Awards Africa
|Artiste of the Year
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 March 2021|title=Here are the 2021 Global Music Awards Africa Winners|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/ghana-announces-global-music-awards-africa-winners/|access-date=21 April 2021|website=OkayAfrica|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|Global Reggae/Dancehall Artiste of the Year
|Himself|{{nom}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=24 March 2021|title=Here are the 2021 Global Music Awards Africa Winners|url=https://www.okayafrica.com/ghana-announces-global-music-awards-africa-winners/|access-date=15 May 2021|website=OkayAfrica|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|[[BET Awards 2021|BET Awards]]
|Best International Act
|Himself
|{{won}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Nordyke|first=Kimberly|title=BET Awards: Winners List (Updating Live)|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/bet-awards-2021-winners-list-1234974508/|website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|access-date=28 June 2021|date=27 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2022
|[[64th Annual Grammy Awards|Grammy Awards]]
|[[Grammy Award for Best Global Music Performance|Best Global Music Performance]]
|&quot;Do Yourself&quot;
|{{Nominated}}
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Wizkid, Burnaboy, oda Nigerian artists wey dey 2022 Grammy nomination|work=BBC News Pidgin|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/media-59394925|access-date=23 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>92brppl9o8hmdu7jsm9z4ypvxnc84ik</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kelechi Iheanacho</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>71959</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637802</id>
      <parentid>596665</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T10:00:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637802</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19218" sha1="bg4lnyx1soqpr6zgb0yk8uj64j6guej" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Kelechi_Iheanacho_2021.jpg|thumb|Kelechi Iheanacho 2021]]
'''Kelechi Promise Iheanacho''' ( ''speli Ịhean Find'' in [[Èdè Ígbò|Igbo]]  ) (ti a bi ni 3 Oṣu Kẹwa Ọdun 1996) jẹ agbabọọlu ọmọ orilẹede Naijiria ti o je agbawaju fun ẹgbẹ agbabọọluLeicester City ti orilẹ-ede geesi ati ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu orilẹede [[Ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ ọmọorílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà|Naijiria]] .

Iheanacho bẹrẹ iṣẹ agba rẹ ni Ilu Manchester ni akoko 2015–16 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=18 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;    O lọ si ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Leicester ni ọdun 2017 fun idiyele £25milliion

Iheanacho jẹ okan Pataki ninu ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Naijiria ti o gba 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup ati ẹgbẹ Naijiria U-20 ni 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=18 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=29 May 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; O be rẹ si gba  bọọlu fun egbe agba Naijiria ni ọdun 2015, o si gba ni 2018 [[Ife-ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé Bọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀|FIFA World Cup]] ati 2021 Africa Cup of Nations .

== Ologba ọmọ ==

=== Ilu Manchester ===

==== Ibẹrẹ iṣẹ ====
Ilu [[Owerri]] ni [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ímò|ipinle Imo]] ni won ti bi Iheanacho.  Gẹgẹbi ọdọ, o ṣe aṣoju Taye Academy ni [[Owerri]], olu ilu Imo. Awọn iṣẹ rẹ fun Naijiria ni 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup yori si anfani lati awọn aṣalẹ ni Europe; awọn ẹgbẹ ti o tẹle ilọsiwaju rẹ pẹlu [[Arsenal F. C.|Arsenal]], &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/arsenal-iheanacho-nigeria-world-cup-wenger-rowley-521299|title=Nigeria win Under-17 World Cup|access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Sporting CP ati Porto . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://talksport.com/football/man-city-set-miss-out-nigerian-wonderkid-13123173775|title=Man City set to miss out on Nigerian wonderkid|access-date=20 June 2015|archivedate=9 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309184835/https://talksport.com/football/man-city-set-miss-out-nigerian-wonderkid-13123173775|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni Kejìlá 2012, Iheanacho lọ si Ilu geesi lati jiroro lori lilo si ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Manchester City . O fowo si iwe adehun iṣaaju-adehun pẹlu ẹgbẹ naa, ni sisọ ipinnu rẹ lati forukọsilẹ ni deede fun ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu naa ni ọjọ-ibi 18th rẹ ni Oṣu Kẹwa Ọdun 2014. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11679/9109769/transfer-news-manchester-city-deal-for-kelechi-iheanacho-claimed|title=Transfer news: Manchester City deal for Kelechi Iheanacho claimed|access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni igba diẹ, o pada si Naijiria. Bi ọdun ti sunmọ opin, Confederation of African Football (CAF) fun u ni Talent ti o ni ileri julọ ti Odun fun 2013 ni CAF Awards . 

Iheanacho darapọ mọ awon oje wewe Manchester City ni ọjọ 10 Oṣu Kini ọdun 2015. Ṣaaju akoko 2014–15, ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu re ṣabẹwo si Amẹrika fun igbaradi fun saa ti oun bo, ati botilẹjẹpe kii ṣe deede oṣere Ilu kan, o darapọ mọ ẹgbẹ naa. O ṣere ati gba wọle ni ere akọkọ ti irin-ajo naa, iṣẹgun 4–1 lodisi Sporting Kansas City, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/manchester-city-profile-kelechi-iheanacho-7510799|title=City profile: Kelechi Iheanacho|work=Manchester Evening News|author=Paul Handler|date=26 July 2014|access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; o si gba wọle lẹẹkansii si Milan ni iṣẹgun 5–1 kan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.thenational.ae/sport/football/jovetic-strikes-twice-nigerias-kelechi-iheanacho-nets-and-man-city-thump-ac-milan|title=Jovetic strikes twice, Nigeria's Kelechi Iheanacho nets and Man City thump AC Milan|work=The National|date=28 July 2014|access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹhin ipari irin-ajo naa, Ilu Manchester ṣeto fun Iheanacho lati ṣe ikẹkọ pẹlu Columbus Crew titi di aarin Oṣu Kẹwa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.dispatch.com/content/blogs/covering-the-crew/2014/09/man-city.html|title=Young Manchester City Striker Kelechi Iheanacho Training With Crew|work=Columbus Dispatch|author=Adam Jardy|date=3 September 2014|access-date=20 June 2015|archivedate=21 June 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621012035/http://www.dispatch.com/content/blogs/covering-the-crew/2014/09/man-city.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Idaduro gbigba iwe-aṣẹ iṣẹ tumọ si pe Iheanacho ko le gba bọọlu fun ise ni [[Ilẹ̀gẹ̀ẹ́sì|England]] titi di oṣu kejí ọdun 2015. O bere akọkọ rẹ ni ipele labẹ-19 ni idije UEFA Youth League pelu egbe agbabọọlu Schalke 04, ṣugbọn o ṣe ipalara lẹhin iṣẹju mokanla. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.sl10.ng/news/articles/Category/nigeria-players-abroad/manchester-city-striker-kelechi-iheanacho-starts-individual-training-after-injury-lay-off/206755|title=Manchester City Striker Kelechi Iheanacho Starts Individual Training|access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹhin ti ara rẹ ya, o bẹrẹ lati ṣe aṣoju fun egbe agbabọọlu Manchester City ni ipele ọdọ ati ipele to abẹ-21 ipele fun akoko ti o ku no saa naa. O gba bọọlu ni ipele ipari ti FA Youth Cup, nibiti o ti gba goolu kan wọle, ṣugbọn won o jawe olubori bi won se padanu si [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] pẹlu  apapọ goolu re 5-2. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2015/apr/27/chelsea-fa-youth-cup-manchester-city|title=Chelsea retain FA Youth Cup with victory against Manchester City|access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni ọsẹ ti o te'le, o gba goolu kanṣoṣo ti Manchester City fi na Porto ni ipele ipari ti 2014–15 Premier League International Cup . 

==== Akoko 2015-16 ====
Ni Oṣu Keje ọdun 2015, Iheanacho wa ninu àwọn to irin-ajo iṣaaju-akoko lo si Ilu Ọstrelia.  Lori irin-ajo naa, o se iranwo fun goolu akọkọ fun Raheem Sterling ati pe o gba goolu keji ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ pẹlu Roma ni 2015 International Champions Cup . O tun ṣeto Sterling fun goolu kẹrin ni iṣẹgun won ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ na, won si gba 8–1 pelu egbe agbabọọlu ti orilẹ-ede Vietnam . Ninu ere igbaradi fun akoko ti a fe bosi ti o kẹhin fun egbe agbabọọlu re pẹlu VfB Stuttgart, o wa bi aropo, o gba goolu kan wọle mini ifẹsẹwọnsẹ ti o jasi 4–2. Nitori iyanilenu re, Iheanacho ni igbega si ẹgbẹ agba Manchester City. 

Ni ọjọ kewa Oṣu Kẹjọ Ọdun 2015, Iheanacho wa ninu àwọn ti wọn yan fun ifẹsẹwọnsẹ akọkọ ti o tun je igba akọkọ fun ninu idije kan, sibẹsibẹ o jẹ aropo ti wọn ko lo ni iṣẹgun 3 – 0 pẹlu West Bromwich Albion ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ akọkọ wọn fun Premier League . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Sanghera|first1=Mandeep|title=West Brom 0–3 Man City|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/33754829|access-date=26 August 2015|date=10 August 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Ni ọjọ mọkandinlogun lehinna, o ṣe idije rẹ akọkọ, nigbati o rọpo Raheem Sterling fun iṣẹju ikẹhin ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ wọn ti won gba 2-0 pelu Watford ni Manchester Stadium .  O gba goolu re akọkọ ninu idije ni ọjọ kejila Oṣu Kẹsan, o rọpo Wilfried Bony ni iṣẹju to kẹhin ninu ere naa pẹlu Crystal Palace o si gba goolu kanṣoṣo ti ifẹsẹwọnsẹ naa. 

Iheanacho gba bọọlu ijanilaya iṣẹ akọkọ rẹ ni ọjọ ogbon Oṣu Kini ọdun 2016 ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ si Aston Villa ni ipele kẹrin ti FA Cup, tun ṣeto goolu kẹrin ti egbe agbabọọlu re, ti Raheem Sterling gba wọle.  Ni oṣu ti o tẹle, won yan si ara awon ti yio gba UEFA Champions League fun egbe agbabọọlu re laibikita fun Samir Nasri ti o farapa . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Radamel Falcao: Chelsea striker dropped from Champions League squad|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/35488481|access-date=4 February 2016|date=3 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lakoko Kínní, Iheanacho gba goolu Kan wọle ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ pẹlu Tottenham Hotspur ni ibi to won ti fi idi re mi 2-1. 

Awọn goolu Iheanacho ti o tẹle, wa ni ọjọ ketalelogun Oṣu Kẹrin ọdun 2016, nibiti o ti gba ami ayo meji wọle si Stoke City ni ibi iṣẹgun 4-0.  O tẹle eyi pẹlu ifarahan aropo ologbele-ipari ti Awọn aṣaju-ija ni kerindinlogbon osu Kẹrin ọdun 2016.  Ọjọ marun lẹhinna, ni ọjọ kinni oṣu kaarun 2016, o tun gba meji wọle, botilẹjẹpe won je 4–2 ni ọwọ Southampton . 

Iheanacho pari akoko 2015–16 pelu goolu mejo ni Premier League ati pe o ni awọn goolu-iṣẹju ti o dara julọ ti eyikeyi agbabọọlu n gba wọlé ni gbogbo iṣẹju 93.9.  Ni gbogbo awọn idije o pari pẹlu goolu merinla ati iranlọwọ marun ninu awọn ifarahan 35, botilẹjẹpe o bẹrẹ mokanla pere ninu awọn ere wọnyi.  Lapapọ awọn goolu rẹ tun tumọ si pe o pari akoko naa bi agbaboolu kẹta ti fun egbe agbabọọlu re ti o ga julọ. 

==== Akoko 2016-17 ====
Ni ọjọ kewa osu Kẹsán odun 2016, Iheanacho bẹrẹ ni Manchester derby . O ṣe iranlọwọ goolu  ati goolu akoko ninu iṣẹgun 2–1 fun egbe agbabọọlu re.  Ọjọ mẹrin lẹhinna, Iheanacho wa lati ibujoko gba goolu ikẹhin ninu iṣẹgun 4-0 ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ wọn pẹlu egbe agbabọọlu Borussia Mönchengladbach .  Eyi jẹ  goolu re akoko ni Yuroopu fun egbe agbabọọlu Manchester City. Ọjọ mẹta lẹhin iṣẹgun 4-0, Iheanacho gba ami ayo keji wọle, tun ṣe iranlọwọ fun ẹkẹta, ni ifẹsẹwọnsẹ wọn pẹlu AFC Bournemouth .  Goolu yẹn je ikewa rẹ ni Premier League, ti o je ki o wa lara àwọn ti wọn gba goolu mewa ni Premier League ṣaaju ki won t'o pe ọjọ-ori Ogun. Atokọ yii ko àwọn agbabọọlu bii Wayne Rooney, Ryan Giggs, Nicolas Anelka, Michael Owen ati Romelu Lukaku .  

Ni Oṣu Kẹwa Ọdun 2016, won yan Iheanacho fun ẹbun Golden Boy [[FIFA]], eyiti o je wipe [[Bayern Munich]] Renato Sanches lo gba. Awọn ti wọn ti gba ẹbun naa pẹlu awọn ẹlẹgbẹ Raheem Sterling ati Sergio Agüero, ati olubori Ballon d’Or akoko mẹfa Lionel Messi . 

Goolu Iheanacho ti o tẹle, wa ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ Champions League, pelu Celtic, ti wọn gba ómí ayo 1-1 ni ọjọ kefa Oṣu kejila ọdun 2016.   Goolu Iheanacho ti o gbehin saa naa, ati goolu  ikẹhin fun egbe agbabọọlu re naa ni saa naa pẹlu Huddersfield ni 5 – 1 FA Cup ipele karun-un,btgtgtgttg ninu eyiti Iheanacho gba ami ayo ikẹhin ere naa wọle. 

=== Ilu Leicester ===

==== Ọdun 2017–2020 ====
Iheanacho ti  akọkọ rẹ fun ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu naa ni bi ti won ti padanu 4–3 si [[Arsenal F. C.|ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Arsenal]] ni ọjọ kankanla Oṣu Kẹjọ ọdun 2017.  O gba ami ayo akọkọ rẹ wọle fun Leicester nínu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ EFL Cup pẹlu egbe agbabọọlu Leeds United ni ọjọ kerinlelogun Oṣu Kẹwa Ọdun 2017.  Ni ọjọ kerindinlogun  Oṣu Kini ọdun 2018, Iheanacho di agbabọọlu akọkọ ni bọọlu Gẹẹsi lati gba goolu ni pase VAR, nigbati oludari ifẹsẹwọnsẹ agbẹjọro naa ṣe ro pe wọn kuno ninu bi won da lebi fun aṣiṣe ni ita fun goolu rẹ keji. Goolu naa jẹ ikeji ti Iheanacho ninu iṣẹgun 2-0 ti Fleetwood Town ni idije FA Cup  

==== akoko 20-21 ====
Iheanacho ko si ninu àwọn mọkanla akọkọ ti wọn yan k'o bere akoko ọdun naa, ati pe o bẹrẹ meji nikan ni awọn ere Premier League 21 akọkọ ti Leicester. Sibẹsibẹ, ọpọlọpọ awọn ipalara si awọn oṣere pataki tumọ si pe Iheanacho yi o ṣiṣe ti o gbooro sii.  Iheanacho lẹhinna tẹsiwaju ṣiṣe bi wọn se Lero pelu goolu 12 ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ 10 ninu gbogbo ifẹsẹwọnsẹ laarin Oṣu Kẹta ati Oṣu Kẹrin.

Iheanacho gba goolu meta akọkọ rẹ ni nu Premier League ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ 5-0 peluSheffield United ni ọjọ kerinla Oṣu Kẹta odun 2021.  lẹhinna ọsẹ kan Iheanacho gba ami ayo meji wọle ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ Leicester 3–1 ti won fi bori Manchester United ni ipele ti o kangun si igun ti o kangun si asekagba ti Ife FA, ti o fi ẹgbẹ naa ranṣẹ si igun ti o kangun ip

pari idije FA fun igba akọkọ lati 1981–82 .  Awọn ikọlu meji naa jẹ ami ayo kẹjọ ati kẹsan ti Iheanacho gba ninu awọn ere mẹsan ti o kẹhin ninu gbogbo awọn idije ti o ti gba.  Iheanacho gba ami-ẹri Premier League Player ti oṣu ni Oṣu Kẹta ọdun 2021 lẹhin ti o ti gba ibi-afẹde marun-un ni awọn ifarahan liigi mẹta. 

Ni ọjọ keta Oṣu Kẹrin, Iheanacho fowo si iwe adehun ọdun mẹta tuntun pẹlu Leicester, ti o jẹ ki o wa ni ọgba titi o kere ju 2024.  Ni Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ Kejidinlogun, Iheanacho gba ami ayo kanṣoṣo wọlé ni 1–0 ṣẹgun Southampton ni ìdíje FA Cup ologbele-ipari ni papa isere Wembley . Iṣẹgun naa mu awọn Akata lọ si ipari FA Cup akọkọ wọn lati ọdun 1969 . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/56725449|title=Leicester City 1-0 Southampton: Kelechi Iheanacho earns Foxes first FA Cup final spot since 1969|date=18 April 2021|access-date=18 April 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iheanacho ati Leicester bẹrẹ 2021-22 pẹlu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ 2021 FA Community Shield pelu ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu ilu Manchester .  Wọn paarọ rẹ ni iṣẹju kankandinladorin, o si tun gba gbesile k'o gba wole ti o bori ifẹsẹwọnsẹ naa ni, iṣẹju kankandinlaadorun si ẹgbẹ agba rẹ atijọ. &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/58036460 Community Shield: Leicester City 1–0 Manchester City on BBC]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/aug/07/leicester-manchester-city-community-shield-match-report Iheanacho punishes wasteful City to win Community Shield for Leicester on The Guardian]&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.espn.com/soccer/report/_/gameId/603200 Leicester City beat Manchester City in Community Shield on Iheanacho penalty on ESPN]&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Kelechi_Iheanacho-Nigeria_(2).jpg|thumb| Iheanacho pẹlu [[Ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ ọmọorílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà|Nigeria]] ni ọdun 2017]]
Iheanacho ti ṣe aṣoju Nàìjíríà ni awon ifẹsẹwọnsẹ ipele ọdọ ti isori-13 si oke. &lt;ref name=&quot;kickoff&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=21 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iriri akọkọ rẹ ti idije kariaye pataki kan ni ni 2013 African U-17 Championship ni Ilu Morocco. Fun Iheanacho, goolu meta lo gba wole si [[Bòtswánà|Botswana]]. O fi àwọn goolu rẹ sori iya rẹ, ti o ku ni oṣu meji ṣaaju idije naa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.supersport.com/football/african-youth-championships/news/130421/Iheanacho_dedicates_hattrick_to_late_mum|title=Iheanacho dedicates hat-trick to late mum|work=Super Sport|access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nàìjíríà dé òpin ìdíje náà, níbi tí orilẹ-ede Ivory Coast ti fìyà jẹ wọ́n. 

Iheanacho ko ipa pataki ninu 2013 FIFA U-17 World Cup, nibiti o ti gba aami eye Bọọlu wura fun ipa ti o ko ninu idije naa. &lt;ref name=&quot;fifa&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=21 July 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nàìjíríà ló gba ìdíje náà, nínú èyí tí Iheanacho gba goolu mẹ́fà wole nínú èyí tí ó fi mọ́ ẹyọ kan nínú asekagba, ó sì se ìpèsè ìrànlọ́wọ́ méje. &lt;ref name=&quot;fifa&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/24874527|title=Nigeria win Under-17 World Cup|access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni igbaradi si 2014 African Nations Championship, o ba awọn [[Ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ ọmọorílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà|agbalagba Nigeria squad]] gbaradi sugbon wọn ni lati je k'o lọ si ilu geesi lati ti owo bowe pẹlu Manchester City. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11679/9077596/kelechi-iheanacho-is-set-for-a-move-to-england-according-to-stephen-keshi|title=Kelechi Iheanacho is set for a move to England according to Stephen Keshi|access-date=20 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; O jẹ ara awọn omo ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Naijiria fun 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup ni Ilu New Zealand, ati pe o ṣe ifihan ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ meji. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=22 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nàìjíríà yàn án fún ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ogun mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n [35] wọn fún ìdíje Olimpiiki ìgbà ẹ̀ẹ̀rùn 2016, ṣùgbọ́n ó kùnà láti wa ninu awọn mejidinlogun tí ó kẹ́yìn. 

Iheanacho ṣe akọkọ rẹ bi aropo ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ FIFA World Cup ti ọdun 2018 pẹlu Eswatini ninu eyiti [[Ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu orilẹede Naijiria labẹ ọdun mẹtalelogun|Nàìjíríà]] gba ọmí 0-0.  ifẹsẹwọnsẹ akọkọ rẹ fun ẹgbẹ agba bere ni ọjọ karundinlogbon oṣu Kẹta ọdun 2016, ọmí 1–1 pẹlu Egypt ni 2017 idije ti o yẹ ni idije idije Awọn orilẹ-ede Afirika . 

Nàìjíríà yan Iheanacho nínú àwọn ifẹsẹwọnsẹ pẹ̀lú Mali àti Luxembourg nínu osu karun-un 2016. O gba goolu wọle ninu awọn ifẹsẹwọnsẹ mejeeji, o si tun pese iranlọwọ kan ni gbati adojuko Luxembourg naa.  

Iṣe rẹ ni awọn  ifẹsẹwọnsẹ oloredore tun se igbẹkẹle atilẹyin siwaju laarin awọn bi ololufe bọọlu ni orilẹ-ede naa ati pe won pe lati ṣe idije akọkọ rẹ orile edè Egipiti ni dije saaju idije fun Ife-eye Awọn orilẹ-ede Afirika nibiti o ti pese iranlọwọ fun Oghenekaro Etebo ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ na ni ile. 

Bi o tile je wi pe iyipada ninu awon osise olukoni ni osu kejo odun yii, o tun ya ara re si gege bi okan lara awon agbaboolu to se pataki julo ninu egbe nigba to gba ami ayo meji wole ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ meji pẹlu Tanzania ni Uyo ati Zambia ni ilu Ndola. 

Ni oṣu karun-un ọdun 2018, orukọ rẹ jẹyo ninu ogbon akoko ninu ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu orile edè Naijiria fun idije ife ẹyẹ agbaye 2018 ni Russia. 

Ni ọjọ 25 Oṣu kejila ọdun 2021, Iheanacho wa l'ara awon mejidinlọgbọn ti wọn yan sinu ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu  ti orilẹ-ede Naijiria 2021 Africa Cup of Nations nipasẹ olukọni alabojuto [[Augustine Eguavoen|Austin Eguavoen]] .  O gba goolu akọkọ ti Naijiria wọle ninu idije naa ni iṣẹju 30th ti ifẹsẹwọnsẹ akọkọ wọn pẹlu Egypt . 

== Personal life ==
Iheanacho wa lati ẹya [[Àwọn ọmọ Ígbò|Igbo]] ti [[Nàìjíríà|Nijiria]] . 

== Career statistics ==
{{updated|match played 25 March 2022}}&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player |id=61313 |name=Kelechi Iheanacho |access-date=1 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Awọn ifarahan ati awọn ibi-afẹde nipasẹ ẹgbẹ orilẹ-ede ati ọdun
! Egbe orile-ede
! Odun
! Awọn ohun elo
! Awọn ibi-afẹde
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; | [[Ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ ọmọorílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà|Nigeria]]
| Ọdun 2015
| 1
| 0
|-
| Ọdun 2016
| 6
| 4
|-
| 2017
| 7
| 4
|-
| 2018
| 11
| 0
|-
| 2020
| 4
| 1
|-
| 2021
| 9
| 2
|-
| 2022
| 5
| 1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Lapapọ
! 43
! 12
|}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ ará Nàìjíríà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1996]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]]</text>
      <sha1>bg4lnyx1soqpr6zgb0yk8uj64j6guej</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gbenga Oloukun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>72290</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637750</id>
      <parentid>612202</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:10:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637750</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9694" sha1="drxmbzxlv50ib19g91d1kwp0g26q3g0" xml:space="preserve"> 
[[Fáìlì:Gbenga_Oloukun.jpg|thumb|Gbenga Oloukun]]

'''Gbenga Oluokun''' (ti a bi ni ọjọ kerinla oṣu  kefa odun 1983) jẹ afẹṣẹja lati orilẹ-ede[[Nàìjíríà|Nigeria]], ti o kopa ninu Olimpiiki Igba ooru 2004 fun orilẹ-ede abinibi rẹ ni [[Ìwọòrùn Áfíríkà|Iwọ-oorun Afirika]] . O ti dojuko awọn afesekubiojo agbaye tẹlẹ ati oludije Manuel Charr, Lamon Brewster, Kubrat Pulev, Robert Helenius, Carlos Takam, Vyacheslav Glazkov, ati Mariusz Wach .

Ni ọdun 2003 o gba ami-ẹri goolu ni ipin iwuwo rẹ ni Awọn ere Gbogbo-Afirika ni [[Àbújá|Abuja, Nigeria]] nibiti o ti dije pẹlu Mohamed Aly .

Ni Olimpiiki ọdun 2004 won ṣẹgun re ni iyipo ti ikẹrindilogun ti  iwuwo nla (Ti o ju 91kg lọ).&amp;nbsp;ipin keji si olubori ti [[Itálíà|orile-ede Italo]] Roberto Cammarelle .

== Ọjọgbọn ==
O yipada o di ojogbon, lẹhinna, o ṣẹgun awọn ija merindinlogun ṣaaju ki Manuel Charr too na ni ọdun 2009.{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}}

== Ọjọgbọn Boxing igbasilẹ ==
{{S-start}}
|-
|align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=8|'''22 Wins''' (14 knockouts, 8 decisions), '''19 Losses''' (12 knockouts, 7 decisions)[http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=331403&amp;cat=boxer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421120233/http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=331403&amp;cat=boxer |date=2015-04-21 }}
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3&quot;|'''Result'''
| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3&quot;|'''Record'''
| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3&quot;|'''Opponent'''
| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3&quot;|'''Type'''
| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3&quot;|'''Round'''
| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3&quot;|'''Date'''
| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3&quot;|'''Location'''
| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border-style: none none solid solid; background: #e3e3e3&quot;|'''Notes'''
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|19–14}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|POL}} [[Krzysztof Zimnoch]]
|KO
|{{small|2 (8)}}
|{{small|2015-10-17}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|POL}} [[Wieliczka]], Poland
|align=left|
|-

|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|19–13}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Poland}} [[Marcin Rekowski]]
|KO
|5 (8)
|10/04/2015
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Poland}} [[Gliwice]], Poland
|align=left|
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|19–12}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Poland}} [[Mariusz Wach]]
|UD
|10
|14/03/2015
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Poland}} RCS Lubin, [[Lubin]], Poland
|align=left|
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|19–11}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Sascha Brinkmann
|KO
|2 (6)
|13/12/2014
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Unihalle Wuppertal, [[Nordrhein-Westfalen]], Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|18–11}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Agit Kabayel]]
|SD
|10
|22/03/2014
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Turkey}} Atatürk Spor Salonu, [[Tekirdag]], Turkey
|align=left|{{small|For vacant [[World Boxing Council|WBC]] Mediterranean heavyweight title}}
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|18–10}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Edmund Gerber]]
|UD
|8
|23/08/2013
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[GETEC Arena]], Magdeburg, Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|18–9}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Erkan Teper]]
|UD
|8
|14/09/2012
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Halle an der Saale, Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|18–8}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Vyacheslav Glazkov]]
|TKO
|7
|01/05/2012
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Krylatskoe Sport Palace]], [[Moscow]], Russia
|align=left|{{small|Referee stopped the bout at 1:32 of the seventh round.}}
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|18–7}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|FRA}} [[Carlos Takam]]
|RTD
|6
|29/04/2011
|align=left|{{Flagicon|France}} Espace Roger Boisrame, [[Pontault-Combault]], France
|align=left|{{small|For [[World Boxing Organization|WBO]] Africa heavyweight title}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|18–6}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Konstantin Airich]]
|TKO
|4
|12/11/2010
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} HanseDom, [[Stralsund]], Germany
|align=left|{{small|Referee stopped the bout at 0:47 of the fourth round.}}
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|17–6}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Oleg Platov]]
|TKO
|6
|05/06/2010
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Jahnsportforum, [[Neubrandenburg]], Germany
|align=left|{{small|Referee stopped the bout at 2:27 of the sixth round.}}
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|17–5}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Pavel Zhuravlev (kickboxer)|Pavel Zhuralev]]
|UD
|3
|07/05/2010
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Cyprus}} Pavilion Nicosia, [[Nicosia]], Cyprus
|align=left|{{small|'''Bigger's Better Tournament Semi-Final'''.}}
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|17–4}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Robert Helenius]]
|UD
|8
|26/03/2010
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Töölö Sports Hall]], [[Helsinki]], Finland
|align=left|
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|17–3}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Kubrat Pulev]]
|UD
|6
|07/11/2009
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Nuremberg Arena]], [[Nuremberg]], Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|17–2}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Rene Dettweiler
|UD
|8
|17/10/2009
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[O2 World (Berlin)|O2 World Arena]], [[Berlin]], Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|17–1}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Lamon Brewster]]
|UD
|8
|29/08/2009
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Gerry Weber Stadium]], [[Halle (Westfalen)|Halle]], Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{no2}}Loss
|{{small|16–1}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Syria}} [[Manuel Charr]]
|KO
|7
|25/04/2009
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} König Palast, Krefeld, Germany
|align=left|{{small|Gbenga knocked out at 1:29 of the seventh round.}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|16–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Czech Republic}} Petr Sedlak
|TKO
|2
|10/05/2008
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Brandberge Arena, Halle an der Saale, Germany
|align=left|{{small|Referee stopped the bout at 2:46 of the second round.}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|15–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Brazil}} Raphael Zumbano Love
|UD
|8
|08/03/2008
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[König Palast]], [[Krefeld]], Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|14–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Latvia}} Edgars Kalnars
|KO
|3
|04/12/2007
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Austria}} Freizeit Arena, Soelden, Austria
|align=left|{{small|Kalnars knocked out at 0:35 of the third round.}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|13–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Portugal}} Humberto Evora
|KO
|4
|07/11/2007
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Austria}} [[Soelden]]
|align=left|
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|12–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Russia}} Alexander Vasiliev
|KO
|8
|14/07/2007
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Color Line Arena, Hamburg, Germany
|align=left|{{small|Vasiliev knocked out at 1:58 of the eighth round.}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|11–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Russia}} Alexey Varakin
|KO
|4
|07/04/2007
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Universum Gym, Wandsbek, Germany
|align=left|{{small|Varakin knocked out at 1:38 of the fourth round.}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|10–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Russia}} Daniil Peretyatko
|UD
|6
|13/01/2007
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Brandberge Arena, [[Halle an der Saale]], Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|9–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|France}} Antoine Palatis
|TKO
|6
|21/11/2006
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Universum Gym, [[Wandsbek]], Germany
|align=left|{{small|Referee stopped the bout at 1:22 of the sixth round.}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|8–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Ukraine}} Yaroslav Zavorotnyi
|MD
|6
|19/09/2006
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Kugelbake-Halle, Cuxhaven, Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|7–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Lithuania}} Mindaugas Kulikauskas
|UD
|6
|22/08/2006
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Universum Gym, Hamburg, Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|6–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Latvia}} Aleksandrs Borhovs
|TKO
|2
|25/07/2006
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Sportschule Sachsenwald, Hamburg, Germany
|align=left|{{small|Referee stopped the bout at 2:12 of the second round.}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|5–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Romania}} Mihai Iftode
|RTD
|3
|15/04/2006
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Maritim Hotel, [[Magdeburg]], Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|4–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Poland}} Tomasz Zeprzalka
|MD
|4
|07/03/2006
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Kugelbake Halle, [[Cuxhaven]], Germany
|align=left|
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|3–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Slovakia}} Peter Oravec
|TKO
|1
|14/01/2006
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} Ballhaus Arena, [[Aschersleben]], Germany
|align=left|{{small|Referee stopped the bout at 2:35 of the first round.}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|2–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Hungary}} Sandor Forgacs
|TKO
|1
|26/11/2005
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Wilhelm Dopatka Halle]], [[Leverkusen]], Germany
|align=left|{{small|Referee stopped the bout at 2:44 of the first round.}}
|-
|{{yes2}}Win
|{{small|1–0}}
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Slovakia}} Vlado Szabo
|UD
|4
|28/09/2005
|align=left|{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Color Line Arena]], [[Hamburg]], Germany
|align=left|
|}

== Ita ìjápọ ==

* Boxing record for Gbenga Oloukun from BoxRec (registration required)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090720201519/http://www.boxing.de/en/fighters/fighters/fighter-details/boxer/23/universum.html News and Pictures of Gbenga Oloukun]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1983]]</text>
      <sha1>drxmbzxlv50ib19g91d1kwp0g26q3g0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cecilia Okoye</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>73301</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637731</id>
      <parentid>566743</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:07:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637731</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2723" sha1="nrlbe7i3fep48m0i6rc3zrk44n5qf64" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox basketball biography|name=Cecilia Okoye|image=|birth_date=ọjọ́ kẹtàlá osù kẹsán ọdún 1991|birth_place=|nationality=American/Nigerian|height_ft=6|height_in=1|weight_lb=167|position=Iwájú|league=[[Nationale 1 Dames|N1D]]|team=B.B.C. Etzella|number=7|college=[[McNeese State Cowgirls basketball|McNeese State]] (2014)|draft_year=2014|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Women's basketball}}
{{MedalCountry|{{bkw|NGA}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[AfroBasket Women|AfroBasket]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2017 Women's Afrobasket|2017 Mali]]|}}}}

'''Cecilia Nkemdilim Okoye''' tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlá osù kẹsán ọdún 1991 jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-ède Nàìjíríà tí a bí sí orílẹ̀-ède  Amerika tí ó jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù sínú agbọ̀n ti Nàìjíríà fún BBC Etzella àti ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-ède Nàìjíríà . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FIBA profile |url=http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/lid_38135_cp/1/pid/118012/q/Cecilia_Okoye/rpp//_//players.html |access-date=2023-03-02 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225030725/http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/lid_38135_cp/1/pid/118012/q/Cecilia_Okoye/rpp//_//players.html |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bí ní New York sí àwọn òbí tí ó jẹ́  ọmọ orílẹ̀-ède Nàìjíríà. 

== Iṣẹ́ òkè-òkun ==
Ó kópa ní bi 2017 Women's Afrobasket . &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2017/Cecilia-Okoye 2017 Women's Afrobasket profile]&lt;/ref&gt; ó ṣe àròpin ìwọ̀n mẹ́rin, àtúnse méjì ó lé mẹ́rin àti àwọn ìrànlọ́wọ́ ìlàjì fún eré kọ̀ọ̀kan ní àkókò ìdíje fún [[D'Tigress|D’Tigress]] .  Àwọn ẹgbẹ́ náà gba Wúrà ní bi ìfigagbága náà .

== Iṣẹ́ orílẹ̀-ède Nàìjíríà ==
Arábìnrin náà gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ikọ̀ agbábọ́ọ̀lù sínú agbọ̀n ti àwọn obìnrin First Bank ti orílẹ̀-ède Nàìjíríà ti ìlú Èkó tí a mọ̀ sí Elephant Girls nígbà ìdíje 2017 FIBA Africa champions Cup fún ìdíje obìnrin ní Angola. Ìdíje náà wáyé láti ọjọ́ kẹ̀wá di ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún Oṣù kọkànlá, ní àkókò tí ìdíje àjùmọ̀ṣe ti Ìlú Spanish kò tíí bẹ̀rẹ̀.  Ó ṣe àròpin íwọ̀n mẹwa ó lé mẹ́ta, àwọn àtúnṣe máàrún ó lé mẹ́ta àti àwọn ìrànlọ́wọ́ ẹyọ̀kan  fún eré kọ̀ọ̀kan ní àkókò ìdíje náà. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;references group=&quot;&quot; responsive=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;

== Ita ìjápọ ==

* Cecilia Okoye at FIBA 
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1991]]</text>
      <sha1>nrlbe7i3fep48m0i6rc3zrk44n5qf64</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bilkisu Yusuf</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>73370</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637725</id>
      <parentid>622425</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T03:34:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637725</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="20730" sha1="63nq16nnrtgk67nmiodxaw8erwatwvr" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Oníwèé-ìròyìn ọmọ Nàìjíríà}}
{{for|ẹni tó ń ṣe eré judoka ti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà|Bilkisu Yusuf (judoka)}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix          = [[Hajji|Hajiya]]
| name                      = Bilkisu Yusuf
| honorific_suffix          = 
| native_name               = 
| native_name_lang          = 
| image                     = Bilkisu-Yusef.jpg
| image_size                = 
| alt                       = 
| caption                   = 
| birth_name                = 
| birth_date                = 2 December 1952
| birth_place               = 
| death_date                = {{Death date and age|2015|09|24|1952|12|02|df=y}}
| death_place               = Mina, Saudi Arabia
| death_cause               = [[Stampede#Crushes|Ìtẹ̀pa èrò]]
| body_discovered           = 
| resting_place             = 
| resting_place_coordinates = | monuments                 = 
| nationality               = Ọmọ Nàìjíríà
| other_names               = 
| citizenship               = 
| education                 = Ahmadu Bello University (Bachelors);&lt;br /&gt; University of Wisconsin-Madison (Masters);&lt;br /&gt; Moscow State Institute of Journalism and International Relations
| alma_mater                = Ansar Primary School, Kano (1964)&lt;br /&gt;Government Girls College, Dala, Kano
| occupation                = Oníwèé-ìròyìn, akọròyìn àti olóòtú
| years_active              = 
| employer                  = Àwọn ìwé-ìròyìn ''Daily Trust'' àti ''Leadership''
| organization              = Women In Nigeria;&lt;br /&gt; Federation of Muslim Women's Associations in Nigeria,&lt;br /&gt; Advocacy Nigeria
| agent                     = 
| known_for                 = Iṣẹ́ ìròyìn àti ajàfẹ́tọ̀ọ́ àwọn obìnrin
| spouse                    = Alhaji Sanusi Ciroma Yusuf (ọkọ àkọ́kọ́)&lt;br /&gt;Mustapha Bintube (ọkọ kejì)
| partner                   = 
| children                  = Moshood Sanusi Yusuf (ọmọkùnrin) &amp;  Nana Fatima (ọmọbìnrin)
| parents                   = 
| relatives                 = 
}}

'''Bilkisu Yusuf'''{{Audio|LL-Q56475 (hau)-Eunice Ameh-Bilkisu Yusuf.wav|Listen|help=no }}  (Ọjọ́ kejì Oṣù Kejìlá 1952  – Ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún Oṣù Kẹ̀sán 2015) jẹ́ oníwèé-ìròyìn ọmọ Nàìjíríà, [[columnist|akọròyìn]] àti olóòtú fún àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìwé-ìròyìn ńlá ní [[Abuja|Àbújá]], [[Kano (city)|Kánò]] àti [[Kaduna (city)|Kàdúná]], Nàìjíríà. Ó gbajúmọ̀ ní Nàìjíríà gẹ́gẹ́ bí obìnrin àkọ́kọ́ láti darí ilé-iṣẹ́ ìwé-ìròyìn ti orílẹ̀-èdè, ó sì tún sìn gẹ́gẹ́ bí olóòtú fún méjì mìíràn. Ó jẹ́ ọmọ [[Hausa people|Hausa]], [[Muslim|Mùsùlùmí]], ajàfẹ́tọ̀ọ́-obìnrin (feminist), tó ní ìràn [[Yoruba people|Yorùbá]], àti alágbàwí fún àjọṣepọ̀ ẹ̀sìn. Ó tún gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdámọ̀ràn fún Ààrẹ Nàìjíríà lórí Ọ̀rọ̀ Ilẹ̀ Òkè-òkun àti olùdásílẹ̀ àwọn àjọ [[NGO]] bíi Women In Nigeria (WIN) àti Federation of Muslim Women's Association (FOMWAN). Wọ́n pa Yusuf nínú [[2015 Mina stampede|ìtẹ̀pa Mina ti ọdún 2015]] nígbà tí ó lọ ṣe ìsìn [[Haj|Hajj]] ní [[Mecca]], [[Saudi Arabia]].&lt;ref name=pri&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pri.org/stories/2015-09-29/lost-hajj-stampede-was-pioneering-journalist-who-united-christians-and-muslims|title=Lost in the Hajj stampede was a pioneering journalist who united Christians and Muslims|work=Public Radio International|date=September 29, 2015}}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=dailyindependentnig&gt;{{cite web |url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2015/09/female-editor-bilikisu-el-miskeen-4-others-die-in-hajj-stampede/ |first1=Chesa |last1=Chesa |first2=Juliet |last2=Oyoyo |first3=Gbenga |last3=Faturoti |title=Female Editor, Bilikisu; El-Miskeen, 4 Others Die In Hajj Stampede |website=Dailyindependentnig.com |access-date=2015-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930023056/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2015/09/female-editor-bilikisu-el-miskeen-4-others-die-in-hajj-stampede/ |archive-date=2015-09-30 |url-status=usurped }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésíayé rẹ̀ ==
[[File:Ahmadu bello university senate.jpg|200px|left|thumb|Yusuf kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ahmadu Bello University ó sì dá àjọ Women in Nigeria sílẹ̀ níbẹ̀ ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ọdún 1980.]]
Wọ́n bí Bilkisu Yusuf ní ọjọ́ kejì Oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 1952.&lt;ref name=nationalassignment&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/general/bilkisu-died-on-national-assignment-husband/112511.html|title=Bilkisu died on national assignment – Husband|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|access-date=2015-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208180533/http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/general/bilkisu-died-on-national-assignment-husband/112511.html|archive-date=2015-12-08|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ àkọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ rẹ̀ ní Ansar Primary School, [[Kano (city)|Kánò]] ní ọdún 1964 kí ó tó tẹ̀síwájú sí ilé-ìwé sẹ́kọ́ńdírì fún àwọn obìnrin, Government Girls College, [[Dala, Nigeria|Dala]], Kánò.&lt;ref name=toogoodtobetrue&gt;{{cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/hajiya-bilkisu-she-was-too-good-and-true/|title=Hajiya Bilkisu: She was too good and true|work=The Nation Nigeria|date=30 September 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yusuf kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gíga nínú ìmọ̀ ìṣèlú (political science) àti iṣẹ́ ìròyìn. Ó gba oyè [[bachelor's degree]] nínú ìmọ̀ ìṣèlú ní [[Ahmadu Bello University]] ní [[Zaria]], Nàìjíríà; oyè master's rẹ̀ nínú ìmọ̀ ìṣèlú àti àjọṣepọ̀ káríayé (international relations) láti [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] ní [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]], [[Wisconsin]], Amẹ́ríkà; àti oyè gíga nínú iṣẹ́ ìròyìn láti International Journalism School ní [[Moscow State Institute of International Relations]] ní [[Moscow]], Rọ́ṣíà, ní ọdún 1986.&lt;ref name=toogoodtobetrue /&gt;&lt;ref name=wisemuslimwomen&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.wisemuslimwomen.org/muslimwomen/bio/hajiya_bilkisu/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406061541/http://www.wisemuslimwomen.org/muslimwomen/bio/hajiya_bilkisu|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-04-06|title=Bilkisu Yusuf|work=wisemuslimwomen.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó kọ́kọ́ fẹ́ Alhaji Sanusi Ciroma Yusuf, ẹni tí ó padà di Adájọ́ Àgbà fún Ìpínlẹ̀.&lt;ref name=dailytrustobit&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/opinion/obituary-hajiya-bilkisu-mni-1952-2015/114026.html|title=Obituary: Hajiya Bilkisu, mni (1952-2015)|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|access-date=2015-11-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015232101/http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/opinion/obituary-hajiya-bilkisu-mni-1952-2015/114026.html|archive-date=2015-10-15|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n bí ọmọ méjì, ọkùnrin kan tí ń jẹ́ Moshood Sanusi Yusuf àti obìnrin kan tí ń jẹ́ Nana Fatima.&lt;ref name=nationalassignment /&gt;&lt;ref name=toogoodtobetrue /&gt; Wọ́n padà kọ ara wọn.&lt;ref name=toogoodtobetrue /&gt; Ọkọ rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ yìí kú ní ẹni ọdún mẹ́tàléláàádọ́rin (73).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://libertyradiokaduna.wordpress.com/2012/04/16/kano-emirate-kingmaker-madaki-passes-on-at-73/|title=Kano Emirate Kingmaker, Madaki Passes On At 73.|work=Liberty Radio 91.7fm Kaduna|date=16 April 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó tún fẹ́ ọkọ kejì, Mustapha Bintube.&lt;ref name=toogoodtobetrue /&gt;

Wọ́n fún Hajiya Bilkisu Yusuf ní oyè ẹ̀yẹ náà Hajiya lẹ́yìn tí ó lọ ṣe ìsìn mímọ́ ní [[Mecca]] (Haji ni ti ọkùnrin). Ó kú nígbà tí ó ń sìn gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣáájú àwọn obìnrin fún Àjọ tó ń rí sí ọ̀rọ̀ Hajj lórílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà (National Hajj Commission of Nigeria).&lt;ref name=nationalassignment /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Bilkisu Yusuf ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí oníwèé-ìròyìn fún àwọn ìwé-ìròyìn ''[[Media Trust|Daily Trust]]'' àti ''[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]'' ní Àbújá, Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref name=berkleycenter&gt;{{cite web|url=http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/people/hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf|title=Hajiya Bilkisu Yusuf|website=Georgetown.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn tí ó padà dé láti Fásitì Wisconsin-Madison, ó di obìnrin àkọ́kọ́ tó jẹ́ olóòtú fún ''Sunday Triumph'', Kánò, láti ọdún 1983 títí di 1987.&lt;ref name=dailytrustobit /&gt;&lt;ref name=freemedia&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.freemedia.at/newssview/article/ipi-mourns-former-board-member-hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf.html|title=International Press Institute: IPI mourns former board member Hajiya Bilkisu Yusuf|author=|website=Freemedia.at|date=September 28, 2015|access-date=2015-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008115100/http://www.freemedia.at/newssview/article/ipi-mourns-former-board-member-hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf.html|archive-date=2015-10-08|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó tún di ipò olóòtú mú ní ''New Nigerian'', Kàdúná, ní ọdún 1987 àti ''Citizen Magazine'', Kàdúná, ní ọdún 1990.&lt;ref name=freemedia /&gt; Ó gbajúmọ̀ fún àyọkà rẹ̀ tí àkọlé rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ &quot;Civil Society Watch&quot;.&lt;ref name=dailytrust&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/columns/late-bilkisu-yusuf-mni-a-tribute/112568.html|title=Late Bilkisu Yusuf|newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|access-date=2015-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015041212/http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/columns/late-bilkisu-yusuf-mni-a-tribute/112568.html|archive-date=2015-10-15|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó kópa nínú ẹgbẹ́ The Nigeria Association of Women Journalists (NAWOJ),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About NAWOJ – Nigeria Union of Journalists |url=https://nuj.ng/about-us/about-nawoj/ |access-date=2025-01-20 |language=en-US |archive-date=2025-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114204721/https://nuj.ng/about-us/about-nawoj/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó máa ń kọ́ àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọbìnrin oníwèé-ìròyìn lẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref name=thetrentonline&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.thetrentonline.com/nawoj-mourns-bilkisu-yusuf-who-died-in-tragic-mecca-stampede/|title=NAWOJ Mourns Bilkisu Yusuf Who Died In Tragic Mecca Stampede|author=|work=The Trent |date= September 27, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Yusuf jẹ́ olùdámọ̀ràn fún [[President of Nigeria|Ààrẹ Nàìjíríà]] lórí Ọ̀rọ̀ Ilẹ̀ Òkè-òkun.&lt;ref name=wisemuslimwomen /&gt; Ó tún jẹ́ gbajúgbajà ajàfẹ́tọ̀ọ́ àwọn obìnrin.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pri.org/stories/2015-09-29/lost-hajj-stampede-was-pioneering-journalist-who-united-christians-and-muslims|title=Lost in the Hajj stampede was a pioneering journalist who united Christians and Muslims|work=Public Radio International|date=29 September 2015}}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó dá ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àjọ NGO sílẹ̀, bíi Women In Nigeria (WIN), èyí tó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn àjọ ajàfẹ́tọ̀ọ́-obìnrin tó kọ́kọ́ bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní [[Nigeria|Nàìjíríà]],&lt;ref name=uncova&gt;{{cite web|url=http://uncova.com/my-tribute-to-bilkisu-yusuf|title=My tribute to Bilkisu Yusuf|website=Uncova.com|access-date=2015-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424003655/http://uncova.com/my-tribute-to-bilkisu-yusuf|archive-date=2017-04-24|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=newsdiaryonline&gt;{{cite web|url=http://newsdiaryonline.com/bilkisu-yusuf-legacies-of-a-history-of-winningby-jibrin-ibrahim/|title=Investigations of mega looting must continue, but must be lawful|author=Jibrin Ibrahim|date=20 July 2015|website=Newsdiaryonline.com|access-date=4 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926111536/http://newsdiaryonline.com/bilkisu-yusuf-legacies-of-a-history-of-winningby-jibrin-ibrahim/|archive-date=26 September 2015|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Federation of Muslim Women's Associations in Nigeria (FOMWAN),&lt;ref name=uncova /&gt;&lt;ref name=dailypost&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://dailypost.ng/2015/09/26/mecca-stampede-fomwan-mourns-norths-first-female-editor-bilkisu-yusuf/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|title=Mecca stampede: FOMWAN mourns North's first female editor, Bilkisu Yusuf – DailyPost Nigeria|date=September 26, 2015|newspaper=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nigerian Interfaith Action Association Against Malaria (NIFAAM),&lt;ref name=berkleycenter /&gt; àti Health Reform Foundation of Nigeria (HERFON).&lt;ref name=berkleycenter /&gt; Ó jẹ́ olùdarí àgbà fún [[Advocacy]] Nigeria.&lt;ref name=dailyindependentnig /&gt; Ó tún kópa nínú ìpolongo [[Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping|Bring Back Our Girls]], èyí tó wà fún kíkíyèsí kí wọ́n dá àwọn ọmọbìnrin Chibok padà láyọ̀.

== Ikú rẹ̀ ==
{{Main|2015 Mina stampede}}
[[Stampede|Ìtẹ̀pa]] kan ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ìkóríta kan ní Mina, Saudi Arabia ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún Oṣù Kẹ̀sán ọdún 2015, ní nǹkan bí aago mẹ́sàn-án òwúrọ̀. Àwọn èrò náà ń lọ láti Muzdalifah sí Jaramat, níbi tí àwọn alárìn-àjò ẹ̀sìn yóò ti sọ òkúta lu àwọn òpó láti dúró fún sísọ òkúta lu Èṣù lákòókò Hajj.&lt;ref name=nytimes&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/09/24/world/middleeast/mecca-mina-stampede-hajj-maps.html?_r=0|title=How the Hajj Stampede Unfolded|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=September 25, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ibẹ̀ ni wọn yóò ti darí sí Mọ́ṣáláṣí Ńlá (Grand Mosque) ní Mecca. Wọ́n tẹ àwọn alárìn-àjò ẹ̀sìn tó lé ní ẹgbẹ̀rún méjì (2,000) pa nínú ìtẹ̀pa náà, tí ó sì fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ tó igba (200) nínú wọn tí wọ́n jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref name=reutersdeathtoll&gt;{{cite news|title=Death toll in Saudi haj disaster at least 2,070: Reuters tally|first=Raissa|last=Kasolowsky|newspaper=Reuters|date=October 29, 2015|access-date=November 26, 2015|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-haj-idUSKCN0SN2F020151029|archive-date=November 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117033446/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/29/us-saudi-haj-idUSKCN0SN2F020151029|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=wpdeathtoll&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/saudi-arabia-hajj-disaster-death-toll-at-least-2177/2015/10/19/8dce4826-76dc-11e5-a5e2-40d6b2ad18dd_story.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021121440/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/saudi-arabia-hajj-disaster-death-toll-at-least-2177/2015/10/19/8dce4826-76dc-11e5-a5e2-40d6b2ad18dd_story.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 October 2015|title=Saudi Arabia hajj disaster death toll at least 2,177|author=Jon Gambrell - AP|date=19 October 2015|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=19 March 2026|archivedate=21 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021121440/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/saudi-arabia-hajj-disaster-death-toll-at-least-2177/2015/10/19/8dce4826-76dc-11e5-a5e2-40d6b2ad18dd_story.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n rí òkú Bilkisu Yusuf lára àwọn tí ìtẹ̀pa náà pa.&lt;ref name=thisdaylive&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/saudi-tragedy-hajj-commission-identifies-30-dead-nigerians/221209/|title=Saudi Tragedy: Hajj Commission Identifies 30 Dead Nigerians|newspaper=[[This Day]]|date=September 26, 2015|access-date=October 28, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016161748/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/saudi-tragedy-hajj-commission-identifies-30-dead-nigerians/221209/|archive-date=October 16, 2015|url-status=dead|archivedate=October 16, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016161748/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/saudi-tragedy-hajj-commission-identifies-30-dead-nigerians/221209/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gbajúmọ̀ ọmọ Nàìjíríà mìíràn tí wọ́n tẹ́pa nínú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ náà pẹ̀lú Ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n Tijjani El-Miskin.&lt;ref name=president&gt;{{cite web|url=http://datelinenews.com.ng/buhari-laments-death-of-bilkisu-yusufother-pilgrims/|title=Buhari laments death of Bilkisu Yusuf,other pilgrims|work=Dateline News – Nigeria Online News – Nigeria Breaking News|access-date=2015-10-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090333/http://datelinenews.com.ng/buhari-laments-death-of-bilkisu-yusufother-pilgrims/|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìdáhùn ==
Ọ́fíìsì Ààrẹ Nàìjíríà [[Muhammadu Buhari]] gbé ìkéde yìí jáde lẹ́yìn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ ìtẹ̀pa náà: &quot;Ààrẹ Buhari kẹ́dùn pẹ̀lú Àjọ Àwọn Olóòtú (Nigerian Guild of Editors) àti Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Oníwèé-ìròyìn Nàìjíríà (Nigerian Union of Journalists) lórí ikú àìtọ́jọ́ Hajiya Bilkisu, obìnrin títóbi, olùyàsímímọ́, onímọ̀, ẹni tí a fọkàntán, tí a bọ̀wọ̀ fún, olóòtú àti [[columnist|akọròyìn]] tó tayọ, ẹni tí, kódà nínú ikú, yóò ṣì jẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe dídán fún àwọn oníwèé-ìròyìn, nínú àti níta Nàìjíríà.&quot;&lt;ref name=dailyindependentnig /&gt;&lt;ref name=president /&gt;

Jibrin Ibrahim, olùdarí fún [[Centre for Democracy and Development]] ṣàpèjúwe Yusuf gẹ́gẹ́ bí &quot;ènìyàn rere, alágbàwí, oníwèé-ìròyìn, olùkópọ̀-ènìyàn àti lékè gbogbo rẹ̀ Mùsùlùmí olùfọkànsìn, ẹni tó kú lẹ́nu isẹ́ sísìn Ọlọ́run.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://realnewsmagazine.net/passage/exit-of-journalism-icon-bilkisu-yusuf/|title=Exit of Journalism Icon, Bilkisu Yusuf|author=|work=Realnews Magazine|date=25 September 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Dókítà [[Oby Ezekwesili]], olùdarí [[Bring Back Our Girls]] àti Mínísítà fún ètò ẹ̀kọ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Nàìjíríà sọ pé, &quot;Bilkisu jà fún ẹ̀kọ́ ọmọdé ní gbogbo ayé rẹ̀. Kò yẹ̀ nínú ìgbèjà rẹ̀. Kò rẹ̀ ẹ́ rí títí tí àkókò fi tó fún un láti lọ. A ń ṣayẹyẹ àwọn ìgbésẹ̀ ńlá arábìnrin wa. Inú wa dùn pé ó jẹ́ apá kan ìdílé wa títẹ̀síwájú.&quot;&lt;ref name=bbog&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://leadership.ng/chibokgirls/464035/bbog-group-mourns-hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf |title=BBOG Group Mourns Hajiya Bilkisu Yusuf &amp;#124; Nigerian News from Leadership News |access-date=2015-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103013014/http://www.leadership.ng/chibokgirls/464035/bbog-group-mourns-hajiya-bilkisu-yusuf |archive-date=2015-11-03 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=realnewsmagazine /&gt;

Aliyu Muktar, olóòtú tẹ́lẹ̀ ní ìwé-ìròyìn Triumph tó ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú Yusuf, sọ pé, &quot;Ó jẹ́ àwòkọ́ṣe fún mi; obìnrin tó mọ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ dáadáa, tó máa ń kọjá àfiyèsí tí kò sì gbé ara rẹ̀ ga. Ẹ mọ̀, ó láyà, ó jẹ́ olóòótọ́, ó sì máa ń jà fún àwọn tí a rẹ̀ sílẹ̀ nígbà gbogbo. Ẹ tún mọ ìtàn rẹ̀; Hajia jẹ́ ẹni tí kò gbà fún àìṣódodo rárá níbikíbi.&quot;&lt;ref name=realnewsmagazine&gt;{{cite web|url=http://realnewsmagazine.net/passage/exit-of-journalism-icon-bilkisu-yusuf/|title=Exit of Journalism Icon, Bilkisu Yusuf|author=|work=Realnews Magazine |date=October 5, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Nínú àṣà ==
Bilkisu Yusuf wà lára àwọn oníwèé-ìròyìn méjìlélógójì (42) tí wọ́n fọ̀rọ̀ wá lẹ́nu wò fún ìwé-ìkàwé ''Nigerian Journalism'' tí Mike Awoyinfa àti Dimgba Igwe kọ.&lt;ref name=toogoodtobetrue /&gt;

== Ẹ tún wo ==
* [[Hausa people|Àwọn Hausa]]
* [[Incidents during the Hajj|Àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ lásìkò Hajj]]
* [[Women in Nigeria|Àwọn obìnrin ní Nàìjíríà]]

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yusuf, Bilkisu}}
[[Category:1952 births]]
[[Category:2015 deaths]]
[[Category:Ahmadu Bello University alumni]]
[[Category:Moscow State Institute of International Relations alumni]]
[[Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science alumni]]
[[Category:Accidental deaths in Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:Hausa people]]
[[Category:Proponents of Islamic feminism]]
[[Category:Nigerian columnists]]
[[Category:Nigerian feminists]]
[[Category:Nigerian newspaper journalists]]
[[Category:Nigerian women activists]]
[[Category:Nigerian newspaper editors]]
[[Category:Nigerian women newspaper editors]]
[[Category:Nigerian women columnists]]
[[Category:Yoruba journalists]]</text>
      <sha1>63nq16nnrtgk67nmiodxaw8erwatwvr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chioma Udeaja</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>73613</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637733</id>
      <parentid>569003</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:20:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637733</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1465" sha1="n7le36rwei2sidvj45s88v1t0tmrpjv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox basketball biography|name=Chioma Udeaja|image=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1984|6|29}}|birth_place=[[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]|nationality=Nigerian|height_ft=6|height_in=3|weight_lb=|position=[[Power forward (basketball)|Power forward]] / [[Center (basketball)|Center]]|league=[[Nigerian Women's Premier League (basketball)|NPL]]|team=First Bank|number=14|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Women's basketball}}
{{MedalCountry|{{bkw|NGA}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[AfroBasket Women|AfroBasket]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2017 Women's Afrobasket|2017 Mali]]|}}}}

'''Chioma Udeaja''' (tí a bí ní June 29, 1984) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù alájùsáwọ̀n, tó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù náà fún First bank àti ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]]. Ọmọbìnrin yìí ni a tún mọ̀ sí Elephant Girl.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FIBA profile |url=http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Chioma_Udeaja/pid//_//players.html |access-date=2023-04-12 |archive-date=2023-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412152459/http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Chioma_Udeaja/pid//_//players.html |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ lágbàáyé ==
Ó kópa nínú Women's Afrobasket tó wáyé ní ọdún 2017. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2017/Chioma-Udeaja 2017 Women's Afrobasket profile]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1984]]</text>
      <sha1>n7le36rwei2sidvj45s88v1t0tmrpjv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>2007 African Flood</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>73791</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637695</id>
      <parentid>569918</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T00:10:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637695</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2902" sha1="igxkjwtny5yg8onlbm7eq84jk681nsz" xml:space="preserve">
'''2007 floods of Africa''' je eyi ti ajo [[United Nations|UN]] jabo iroyin pe o je agbara to lewu ju lo ninu itan. Àgbàrá naa bere pelu òjò ni September 14, 2007. Orile-ede to le ni merinla ni agbaye Africa ni agbara yi ti pa la ra,awon eniyan 250 ni won jabo iroyin wi pe won ti ku sinu agbara yi, o si ti pa eniyan 1.5 million lara. Ijo igbimo UN ti se ikilo aarun inu omi ati kokoro ti o maa n fa ewu fun ago ara eniyan.

==Iroyin lati orisun African ==
===Ghana===
Eniyan 400,000 ni Ko ni ile Lori Mo pelu Ogun eniyan o Kerr ju ni o ti do ku ati ohun Ogbin ati awon nkan sin sin ni won ti ba Agbara lo.
{{cquote|Awon Ilu ati awujo miiran ti di iparun Ninu Maapu Orile-ede Ghana}}&lt;ref&gt;
[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6994995.stm BBC News Iroyin agbara ni Africa|BBC News.com (accessed September 15, 2007)]&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;small&gt;''George Azi Amoo'' - Ghana's national disaster management co-ordinator&lt;/small&gt;

===Sudan===
Awon eniyan 64 ni won jabo iroyin wi pe won ti di oku.

===Ethiopia===
Eniyan metadinlogun ni won ti di oku Ninu iroyin. Ni [[Afar Region]],agbara ojo  [[Awash River]] fa iparun dam. Bi eniyan 4,500 ni won ta ku si ona ti omi si yi won ka.

===Uganda===
Eniyan 150,000 ni won sonu ti awon eniyan ookanlelogun si ti di oku. Ile iwe 170 ni o si wa ni abe omi. 

===Rwanda===
Awon eniyan mejidinlogun ti di oku,ile 500 si ti ba agbara lo.

===Mali===
Afárá Marun ti parun bee si ni agbara ti wo ile 250 lo.

===Burkina Faso===
Eniyan 33 ni iroyin jabo pe won ti di oku

===Kenya===
Eniyan mejila ti di oku.

===Togo===
Ogun eniyan ni o ti di oku.

== See also ==
*[[2009 West Africa floods]]
*[[Global storm activity of 2007]]
*[[Water scarcity in Africa]]

==Awon itokasi==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6994995.stm Africa Floods reported by BBC News]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081015183733/http://news.independent.co.uk/world/africa/article2973552.ece Independent article on the floods]
* [http://www.sundaytimes.co.za/News/Article.aspx?id=567982 Sunday Times article]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/7002640.stm BBC News article]
* [http://www.kansascity.com/451/story/284909.html Kansas City Star]
* [http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/09/15/2033656.htm ABC.net.au article] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105025551/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/09/15/2033656.htm |date=2007-11-05 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081206161639/http://www.redcross.org.uk/standard.asp?id=73941 Africa Floods Appeal]
* [http://www.alertnet.org/thefacts/imagerepository/satelliteimage/119183545146__orig.jpg West Africa Floods (as of October 2007) - UN/ROWA]

{{DEFAULTSORT:2007 African Floods}}
[[Category:2000s floods in Africa]]
[[Category:2007 floods]]
[[Category:2007 in Africa|Floods]]
[[Category:2007 disasters in Africa]]</text>
      <sha1>igxkjwtny5yg8onlbm7eq84jk681nsz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Air pollution in Delhi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>73977</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637706</id>
      <parentid>577792</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T01:49:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637706</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15538" sha1="29my5kfeixn7xw421fbwu0fgroqodlf" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Àkópọ̀ ti ìdọ́tí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìlú Delhi ni orílẹ̀ ède India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}}
[[File:Poulluted killer fog in Delhi.jpg|thumb|A dense toxic smog in New Delhi blocks out the sun. Photo November 8, 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/07/world/asia/delhi-pollution-gas-chamber.html |title=Delhi, Blanketed in Toxic Haze, &quot;Has Become a Gas Chamber&quot; |work=The New York Times |access-date=7 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108013324/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/07/world/asia/delhi-pollution-gas-chamber.html |archive-date=8 November 2017 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[File:PIA21100 Severe Air Pollution in New Delhi View by NASA's MISR.jpg|thumb|[[MISR]] measurement, Nov. 5, 2016: The optical depth of the thick haze was too much for calculation, &quot;because the haze is so thick that the algorithm has classified the area as cloud&quot;. (less than 37 percent of sunlight, air quality index=751).]]
'''Dídara afẹ́fẹ́ ni Delhi''' ní orílé èdè [[Índíà]], gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ìwádìí láti ọwọ́ Àjọ Àgbáyé fún Ìlera |WHO] ti  gbé àwọn ìlú lọ́na 1,650 yẹ́wó àti ṣe ìwádìí lórí awọn ilu ní agbaye lọnà  7,000 láti ọwọ́  Ilé-iṣẹ́ tí ó má nipa Ìlera ní orílé èdè America &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Koshy |first=Jacob |date=2022-08-17 |title=Delhi's PM2.5 levels worst in the world|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/delhis-pm25-levels-worst-in-the-world/article65780144.ece?homepage=true |work=The Hindu |access-date=2022-08-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ni ó burú jù ní eyíkéyí  ilu ní àgbáyé. Ó tún kan àwọn agbègbè kan ní àyíká [[Delhi]].&lt;ref name=&quot;pollution in cities database 2014&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Ambient (outdoor) air pollution in cities database 2014|url=https://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/databases/cities/en/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328100014/http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/databases/cities/en/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 March 2014 |website=who.int |publisher=[[WHO]] |access-date=31 May 2015|date=2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GARDINER HARRIS, 14/2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |last1=Harris |first1=Gardiner|title=Delhi Wakes Up to an Air Pollution Problem It Cannot Ignore|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/15/world/asia/delhi-wakes-up-to-an-air-pollution-problem-it-cannot-ignore.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=30 May 2015|date=14 February 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìdọ̀tí inú Afẹ́fẹ́ ní Íńdíà ní àfojú díwọ̀n iyé máa ń pa nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù méjì ènìyàn lọ́dọọdún; Ó jẹ́ ààrùn apànìyàn kàrún tí ó tóbi jùlọ ní India. Orílè-èdè India ní òṣùwọn ikú tí ó ga jùlọ ní àgbáyé èyí tí  àwọn àrùn atẹ́gùn, àwọn àrùn ikọ́ ife ati ààrùn inú eegun wá lára àwọn ààrùn, Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àjọ WHO náà tisọ. Ni Delhi, afẹ́fẹ́ tí kò dára tí ó jẹ́ pé bí ó báti wọ inú àgọ̀ ará máa ǹ bá nǹkan jẹ́ nínú ará èyí tí kòsí ní àtúnṣe máa ń bá ẹ̀dọ̀fóró jẹ́ tí bá to mílílọ̀nù méjì ẹdọfóró jẹ́, èyí tí ìlàjì sí jẹ́ àwọn ọmọdé.

Ní ọjọ́ 25 Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2019, Ilé Ẹjọ́ gíga tí ilé India ṣé àwọn àlàyé lórí ìdọ̀tí ní Delhi nínú ọ̀rọ̀  sisọ rẹ̀ “Delhi ti buru ju Naraka lọ'' (ọ̀run apáàdì lọ)&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/get-15-explosives-kill-people-at-one-go-sc-rebukes-centre-states-on-pollution/story-zv7hFJDndV2rlrfwvXz3rK.html|title='Delhi worse than hell': Supreme Court rebukes Centre, states on air pollution|date=25 November 2019|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|access-date=26 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Adájọ àgbà Justice Arun Kumar Mishra pé ì bá dáa tí wọ́n bá rí àwọn olóró èyí tí yóò yàrá pani jù ìdọ̀tí afẹ́fẹ́ lọ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/top-court-slams-centre-states-over-pollution-delhi-worse-than-nark-2138346|title=&quot;Better To Get Explosives, Kill Everyone&quot;: Supreme Court On Delhi Pollution|website=NDTV.com|access-date=26 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lákòkò  ìtìpa àgbáyé látàrí Àjàkáyẹ́ ààrùn COVID-19 èyí tí kò yọ Orílẹ̀-èdè India sílẹ, Omi tí àwọn odò Yamuna àti Ganges tí dára èyí sì tí mú  ìlọsíwájú bá àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ tí wá ní agbègbè ibẹ̀ látàrí títìpa ílú nítorí àjàkálẹ̀ ààrùn COVID-19.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/lockdown-makes-ganga-water-significantly-cleaner-11586022134242.html|title=Lockdown makes Ganga water significantly cleaner|date=4 April 2020|publisher=LiveMint|access-date=22 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/anxiety-more-time-to-study-for-40k-students-stranded-in-kota/story-LgCluBkrFEITG9qyX16IEI.html|title=Lockdown does what decades of schemes couldn't: Clean Ganga|first1=Haider|last1=Naqvi|first2=Sudhir|last2=Kumar|date=4 April 2020|publisher=HT Digital Streams Ltd.|access-date=22 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/coronavirus-lockdown-india-fresh-air-clean-rivers-1669726-2020-04-22|title=India's coronavirus lockdown reveals fresh air, cleaner rivers|date=22 April 2020|publisher=Living Media India Ltd.|access-date=22 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/yamuna-cleaner-due-to-lockdown/article31342401.ece|title=Yamuna cleaner due to lockdown|first1=Nikhil|last1=Babu|date=14 April 2020|work=The Hindu|access-date=22 April 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Dídára afẹ́fẹ́ tún ti ní ìlọsíwájú pàtàkì ní àkókò títìpa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/the-silver-lining-air-pollution-dips-amid-the-lockdown-1671422-2020-04-26|title=The silver lining: air pollution dips amid the lockdown|access-date=2 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ní Orílẹ-èdè India ilé-iṣẹ́ ti ó mójútó Àwọn sáyẹ́nsì Àyè tí ṣe àtẹ̀jáde ìwé ìwádìí kan ní Oṣù Kẹwà ọdún 2018 tí ó sọ pé ó fẹ́rẹ̀ tó 41% sí àwọn ìtújàdè èefín ọkọ̀, 21.5% sí jẹ́ eruku nígbà tí 18% sì awọn ile-iṣẹ.&lt;ref name=&quot;MoES5&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Usual suspects: Vehicles, industrial emissions behind foul play|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/usual-suspects-vehicles-industrial-emissions-behind-foul-play-all-year/articleshow/66228517.cms|access-date=18 December 2018|work=Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; Olùdarí ilé iṣé fún ìmọ sáyẹnsì àti agbègbè tí fi ẹsùn kàn pé ilé iṣé Automotive ní orílé èdè India àti àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ Indian Automobile Manufacturers ń parowa “tí ó lòdì sí ìjábọ̀ náà” nítorí pé kò “rọrùn” sí ilé-iṣẹ́ tí ó ń ṣe Ọkọ̀ Ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́&lt;ref name=&quot;CSE&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=UA vicious nexus|url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/air/a-vicious-nexus{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

Ní ọjọ́ 19 Oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2021, [[NASA]] ṣé ìfilọ́lẹ̀ ìjábọ̀ kan lórí ọ̀ràn tí ìdọ̀tí ní Delhi .&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=हर साल दिल्ली क्यों बन जाती है 'स्मोग की राजधानी'? NASA ने जारी की रिपोर्ट|url=https://www.aajtak.in/science/photo/why-delhi-is-smog-capital-of-world-nasa-share-report-tstr-1359522-2021-11-19|access-date=2021-11-19|website=Aaj Tak|language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìdí àti ohun tí ó kó bá afẹ́fẹ́==
* Èefín inú Ọkọ̀ Ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ohun tí ó ń kóbá afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Stewart|first1=Gareth J.|last2=Nelson|first2=Beth S.|last3=Drysdale|first3=Will S.|last4=Acton|first4=W. Joe F.|last5=Vaughan|first5=Adam R.|last6=Hopkins|first6=James R.|last7=Dunmore|first7=Rachel E.|last8=Hewitt|first8=C. Nicholas|last9=Nemitz|first9=Eiko|last10=Mullinger|first10=Neil|last11=Langford|first11=Ben|date=2020-08-13|title=Sources of non-methane hydrocarbons in surface air in Delhi, India|journal=Faraday Discussions|volume=226|pages=409–431|language=en|doi=10.1039/D0FD00087F|pmid=33336656|issn=1364-5498|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;Àwọn ohun ìmíìran ní sísun igi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Stewart|first1=Gareth J.|last2=Acton|first2=W. Joe F.|last3=Nelson|first3=Beth S.|last4=Vaughan|first4=Adam R.|last5=Hopkins|first5=James R.|last6=Arya|first6=Rahul|last7=Mondal|first7=Arnab|last8=Jangirh|first8=Ritu|last9=Ahlawat|first9=Sakshi|last10=Yadav|first10=Lokesh|last11=Sharma|first11=Sudhir K.|date=2021-02-18|title=Emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds from combustion of domestic fuels in Delhi,India|url=https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/2383/2021/|journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics|language=English|volume=21|issue=4|pages=2383–2406|doi=10.5194/acp-21-2383-2021|bibcode=2021ACP....21.2383S|issn=1680-7316|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Stewart|first1=Gareth J.|last2=Nelson|first2=Beth S.|last3=Acton|first3=W. Joe F.|last4=Vaughan|first4=Adam R.|last5=Farren|first5=Naomi J.|last6=Hopkins|first6=James R.|last7=Ward|first7=Martyn W.|last8=Swift|first8=Stefan J.|last9=Arya|first9=Rahul|last10=Mondal|first10=Arnab|last11=Jangirh|first11=Ritu|date=2021-02-18|title=Emissions of intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds from domestic fuels used in Delhi, India|url=https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/2407/2021/|journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics|language=English|volume=21|issue=4|pages=2407–2426|doi=10.5194/acp-21-2407-2021|bibcode=2021ACP....21.2407S|issn=1680-7316|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; cow dung cake combustion,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Stewart|first1=Gareth J.|last2=Nelson|first2=Beth S.|last3=Acton|first3=W. Joe F.|last4=Vaughan|first4=Adam R.|last5=Hopkins|first5=James R.|last6=Yunus|first6=Siti S. M.|last7=Hewitt|first7=C. Nicholas|last8=Nemitz|first8=Eiko|last9=Mandal|first9=Tuhin K.|last10=Gadi|first10=Ranu|last11=Sahu|first11=Lokesh K.|date=2021-02-25|title=Comprehensive organic emission profiles, secondary organic aerosol production potential, and OH reactivity of domestic fuel combustion in Delhi, India|journal=Environmental Science: Atmospheres|language=en|volume=1|issue=2|pages=104–117|doi=10.1039/D0EA00009D|issn=2634-3606|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; iná dídá lórí àwọn Ilé tí à ń gbìn nǹkan sí, Èéfín inú Ẹ̀ro Diesel, àwọn eruku láti ibì ìkọlé, sisùn pàǹtí.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/a-history-of-delhi-s-air-pollution-can-road-rationing-even-the-odds/story-XNnrXjRY2I4bwzgSuYlJZK.html | title=A history of Delhi's air pollution: Can road rationing even the odds? | work=Hindustan Times | date=4 January 2016 | access-date=7 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti àwọn iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ arúfin ní Delhi. Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìdọ̀tí tió jẹ́ èyí tí ó burú jùlọ láti Oṣù kọkànlá sí ìkinní, afẹ́fẹ́ Delhi ti pàdánù àwọn ìṣedédé afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó mọ́ nípasẹ̀ ààla jákèjádò fún ọdún púpọ. Ó jẹ́ àpòpọ̀ èéfín apanirun tí ó ń tú jáde láti àwọn ọkọ̀ ayọ̀kẹ́lẹ́ tí ó ń lọ bí mílíónù mẹ́sàn-án, ẹruku ìkọlé àti sísun ẹ̀gbin. Ní àwọn ọjọ́ tí ó burújú, ìtọ́ka benchmark Dídára afẹ́fẹ́, fí àlà tí ó wà láti òdo (dára) sí 500 (eewu), èyí tó kọjá 400.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/south-central-asia/doctors-warn-pollutions-impact-health-new-delhi| {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812051020/https://www.voanews.com/south-central-asia/doctors-warn-pollutions-impact-health-new-delhi |date=12 August 2021 }}

== Àwọn ìṣẹlẹ pàtàkì ==
Ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2017( ní ìgbà ere cricket tí àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ Sri Lankan ní Orílé èdè India ní ọdún 2017–18#Iyẹwo 3rd | baramu idanwo) èyí tí ó wáyé láàárín ọmọ ẹgbẹ Sri Lankan àti ọmọ Ẹgbẹ India tí ìlú Delhi, tí àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ Sri Lankan bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní rí ìnira níbí mímí sókè àti sódò wọ̀n, èyí tí àwọn mìíràn bẹ síní bí nínú ilé ìgbọ̀sẹ̀ àti lórí páápá, àwọn mìíràn sí ní láti lo ìbomú títí en fi dá eré náà dúró..&lt;ref name=&quot;Safi&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/03/pollution-stops-play-at-delhi-test-match-as-bowlers-struggle-to-breathe|title=Pollution stops play at Delhi Test match as bowlers struggle to breathe|last=Safi|first=Michael|date=3 December 2017|work=The Guardian|access-date=5 December 2017|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Hartman|first1=F. C.|last2=LaMuraglia|first2=G. M.|last3=Tomozawa|first3=Y.|last4=Wolfenden|first4=R.|date=1975-12-02|title=The influence of pH on the interaction of inhibitors with triosephosphate isomerase and determination of the pKa of the active-site carboxyl group|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/47|journal=Biochemistry|volume=14|issue=24|pages=5274–5279|doi=10.1021/bi00695a007|issn=0006-2960|pmid=47}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìṣẹlẹ pàtàkì ==
Ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2017( ní ìgbà ere cricket tí àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ Sri Lankan ní Orílé èdè India ní ọdún 2017–18#Iyẹwo 3rd | baramu idanwo) èyí tí ó wáyé láàárín ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Sri Lankan àti ọmọ Ẹgbẹ India tí ìlú Delhi, tí àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Sri Lankan bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní rí ìnira níbí mímí sókè àti sódò wọ̀n, èyí tí àwọn mìíràn bẹ síní bí nínú ilé ìgbọ̀sẹ̀ àti lórí páápá, àwọn mìíràn sí ní láti lo ìbomú títí wọ́n fi dá eré náà dúró..&lt;ref name=&quot;Safi&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/03/pollution-stops-play-at-delhi-test-match-as-bowlers-struggle-to-breathe|title=Pollution stops play at Delhi Test match as bowlers struggle to breathe|last=Safi|first=Michael|date=3 December 2017|work=The Guardian|access-date=5 December 2017|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní èrò Ààrẹ Indian Medical Association, ó pé eré náà ò bá ti má wáyé, àti pé àwọn ìgbìmò fún International Cricket yé kí wọ́n ní òfin lórí ìdọ̀tí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Hartman|first1=F. C.|last2=LaMuraglia|first2=G. M.|last3=Tomozawa|first3=Y.|last4=Wolfenden|first4=R.|date=1975-12-02|title=The influence of pH on the interaction of inhibitors with triosephosphate isomerase and determination of the pKa of the active-site carboxyl group|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/47|journal=Biochemistry|volume=14|issue=24|pages=5274–5279|doi=10.1021/bi00695a007|issn=0006-2960|pmid=47}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Èwo Àwọn wọ̀nyí==
{{portal|Global warming|Environment}}
{{Div col|colwidth=25em}}
* [[Criteria air pollutants]]
* [[Air pollutant concentrations]]
* [[Emission standard]]
* [[Environmental issues in Delhi]]
*[[List of most polluted cities by particulate matter concentration]]
*[[Air quality index]]
*[[Haze]]
*[[Cooling tower|Wet cooling tower]]
{{div col end}}

==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Índíà]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àyíká]]</text>
      <sha1>29my5kfeixn7xw421fbwu0fgroqodlf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Judah Friedlander</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>74199</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637795</id>
      <parentid>572832</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:41:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637795</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5144" sha1="n0uka10e7f8f3dopdfenm10yy3dn7e3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| image              = Judah Friedlander.jpg
| caption            = Friedlander ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2016.
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|1969|3|16}}
| birth_place        = [[Gaithersburg, Maryland]], U.S.
| name               = Judah Friedlander
| alma_mater         = [[New York University]]
| occupation         = Actor, comedian
| yearsactive        = 1989–present
| website            = {{URL|http://www.judahfriedlander.com}}
}}

'''Judah Friedlander''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹríndínlógún oṣù kẹta ọdún 1969)&lt;ref name=NYTBIO&gt;{{cite web |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/person/292135/Judah-Friedlander/biography |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403065034/http://movies.nytimes.com/person/292135/Judah-Friedlander/biography |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 3, 2008 |title=Judah Friedlander biography |author=Andrea LeVasseur |department=Movies &amp; TV Dept. |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=2008 |access-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IMDB&gt;{{IMDb name |id=0295103 |name=Judah Friedlander}}&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ́ òṣèré àti aláwadà ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè Amẹ́ríkà. Ó gbajúmọ̀ fún ipa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bi akọ̀wé [[Frank Rossitano]] nínú [[NBC]] [[sitcom]] ''[[30 Rock]]''.&lt;ref name=NYT1&gt;{{cite news |title=Working a Crowd Is Part of the Act |first=Jason |last=Zinoman |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/06/arts/television/judah-friedlanders-stand-up-comedy.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 5, 2012 |access-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=GOTHAMIST&gt;{{cite web |url=http://gothamist.com/2011/06/08/judah_friedlander_talks.php |title=Judah Friedlander Talks 30 Rock, Standup and Ping Pong |last=Feldmar |first=Jamie |date=June 8, 2011 |work=Gothamist |publisher=Gothamist LLC |access-date=October 3, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529081612/http://gothamist.com/2011/06/08/judah_friedlander_talks.php |archive-date=May 29, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=IFC&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ifc.com/fix/2009/07/judah-friedlander |title=Judah Friedlander Keeps Truckin' |author=[[Aaron Hillis]] |date=July 1, 2009 |work=IFC |publisher=AMC Networks |access-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Friedlander tún gbajúmọ̀ fún ipa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bi [[Toby Radloff]] nínú eré ''[[American Splendor (film)|American Splendor]]'',&lt;ref name=NYTBIO/&gt;&lt;ref name=GOTHAMIST/&gt;&lt;ref name=NYT2&gt;{{cite news |title=A Night Out With: Judah Friedlander; The Hug Guy Takes the Stage |first=Dave |last=Hill |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D07E7DA1138F930A15752C0A9639C8B63 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 23, 2005 |access-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ipa tí ó mú kí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ gbóríyìn fun, ó sì mú kí ó wà lára àwọn tí wọ́n yàn pé ó tó sí àmì ẹyẹ 2004 [[Independent Spirit]] ti ọdún 2004.&lt;ref name=NYT2/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=American Splendor (2003). Full Review; A Comics Guy, Outside the Box |first=Elvis |last=Elvis Mitchell |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9903E1D71630F936A2575BC0A9659C8B63 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 15, 2003
|access-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=NBCBIO&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nbc.com/30-rock/about/bio/cast/judah-friedlander/585379 |title=Bios: Judah Friedlander |work=nbc.com |publisher=NBCUniversal Media |access-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=BOSTON&gt;{{cite news |title=A world-class loser in films, Friedlander is a champ onstage |first=Nick A. |last=Zaino III |url=http://www.boston.com/ae/events/articles/2005/11/11/a_world_class_loser_in_films_friedlander_is_a_champ_onstage/ |newspaper=The Boston Globe |date=November 11, 2005 |access-date=October 3, 2012 |archivedate=June 9, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150609110449/http://www.boston.com/ae/events/articles/2005/11/11/a_world_class_loser_in_films_friedlander_is_a_champ_onstage/ |deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=PLAIN&gt;{{cite news |title=Judah Friedlander takes his talents to Hilarities |first=Michael K. |last=McIntyre |url=http://www.cleveland.com/dining/index.ssf/2011/06/judah_friedlander_takes_his_ta.html |newspaper=The Plain Dealer |date=June 15, 2011 |access-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=HOLLYREP&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/30-rock-nbc-judah-friedlander-facts-280892 |title='30 Rock's' Judah Friedlander: 5 Things You Didn't Know About Me |author=Jethro Nededog |date=January 12, 2012 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nígbà tí ó kọ́kọ́ bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, ọ̀pọ̀ ma ń pè é ní &quot;the hug guy&quot; nítorí ipa rẹ̀ nínú eré tí [[Dave Matthews Band]] ṣe fún orin rẹ̀ &quot;[[Everyday (Dave Matthews Band song)|Everyday]]&quot;.&lt;ref name=IFC/&gt;&lt;ref name=NYT2/&gt;&lt;ref name=TRIBLIVE&gt;{{cite news |title='30 Rock' star Judah Friedlander takes comedy on road |first=Loeffler |last=William |url=http://triblive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/ae/more/s_503377.html#axzz28LvZ3Ky2 |newspaper=Pittsburgh Tribune-Review |date=April 19, 2007 |access-date=October 3, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
      <sha1>n0uka10e7f8f3dopdfenm10yy3dn7e3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Edna Adan Ismail</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>74302</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637741</id>
      <parentid>633132</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T05:43:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637741</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3157" sha1="qwjg0ygdbpam65x4xtkbtg46glr3v1y" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Edna Adan Ismail|image=Edna Adan.jpg|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date={{Birth-date and age|8 September 1937}}|birth_place=[[Hargeisa]], [[British Somaliland]]|office=8th [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Somaliland)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]|term_start=June 25, 2003|term_end=June 26, 2006|president=[[Dahir Riyale Kahin]]|predecessor=[[Mohammad Saed Gees]]|successor=[[Abdilahi Mohamed Dualeh]]|death_date=|death_place=|education=[[Borough Polytechnic]], currently [[London South Bank University]]|other_names=|occupation=[[Activist]]|years_active=|known_for=Activist for the abolition of [[female genital mutilation]] (FGM)|awards=[[Templeton Prize]] (2023)|notable_works=|spouse=[[Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal]]|website=|signature=Edna Adan Ismail signature.svg}}'''Edna Adan Ismail''' (tí wọ́n bí ní born 8 September 1937) jẹ́ agbẹ̀bí, ajàfẹ́tọ̀ọ́mọnìyàn, ó sí tún jẹ́ obìnrin àkọ́kọ́ tó jẹ́ Mínísítà fún ọ̀rọ̀ ilẹ̀ òkèrè, fún orílẹ̀-èdè [[Somalia]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/02/world/africa/02somalia.html|title=No Winner Seen in Somalia's Battle With Chaos|author=Gettleman, Jeffrey|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=2 June 2009|access-date=20 May 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; láti ọdún 2003 wọ 2006. Òun sì ni ààrẹ ẹgbẹ́ Victims of Torture.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Topping|first1=Alexandra|title=Somaliland's leading lady for women's rights: 'It is time for men to step up'|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/23/somaliland-womens-rights-gender-violence|work=The Guardian|date=23 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹlpẹ̀ ayé rẹ̀ ==
[[Fáìlì:Edna_Adan_Ismail_with_her_pet_cheetah_in_1968.jpg|left|thumb|Ismail pẹ̀lú ẹranko tó fi ń ṣeré ní ọdún 1968.]]
Ìlú Hargeisa ni wọ́n bí Ismail sí, ní 8 September 1937,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Women Political Leaders in Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/womenpoliticalle0000skai|last=Skaine|first=Rosemary|publisher=McFarlane|year=2008|isbn=9780786432998|pages=[https://archive.org/details/womenpoliticalle0000skai/page/54 54]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì jẹ́ ọmọ oníṣègùn kan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.cf.ac.uk/125/getinvolved/mycardiff/140708.html|title=125th Anniversary - Get Involved - My Cardiff|publisher=Cf.ac.uk|access-date=10 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513010807/http://www.cf.ac.uk/125/getinvolved/mycardiff/140708.html|archive-date=13 May 2014|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọmọ márùn-ún tí ìyá rè bí, àmọ́ méjì kú nínú wọn lásìkò ìbí wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2019/01/giving-birth-in-united-states-suprisingly-deadly/|title=Why giving birth in the U.S. is surprisingly deadly|date=2018-12-13|work=[[National Geographic]]|access-date=2018-12-22|archivedate=2018-12-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215001031/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2019/01/giving-birth-in-united-states-suprisingly-deadly/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
      <sha1>qwjg0ygdbpam65x4xtkbtg46glr3v1y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Liberland</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>74442</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637811</id>
      <parentid>598072</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:04:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637811</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9150" sha1="trhk42uqcv96t71uke712v3zjjwwlv5" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Free Republic of Liberland
| common_name            = Liberland
| image_flag             = Flag of Liberland.svg
| image_coat             = Coat of Arms of Liberland.svg
| national_motto         = ''{{lang|en|To Live and Let Live}}''
| national_anthem        = &quot;Free and Fair&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxhMTGAkx0c|title=Free and Fair - Liberland National Anthem|website=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| other_symbol_type      = March:
| other_symbol           = &quot;Victory March to Glory Land&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://qz.com/392004/liberland-the-words-newest-micro-nation-is-already-a-leader-in-nation-branding/|title=The world's newest micro-nation is already a leader in nation branding|last=Quito|first=Anne|website=Quartz|language=en-US|access-date=2016-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| image_map              = Location of Liberland within Europe.svg
| alt_map                = Location of the land claimed by Liberland
| map_caption            = Location of the land claimed by Liberland
| demonym                = Liberlander
| government_type        = Unitary state, Presidential system, Night-watchman state, semi-direct democracy&lt;br/&gt;Micronation under a provisional government (de facto)
| leader_title1          = President
| leader_name1           = Vít Jedlička (founder)
| leader_title2          = Minister of Foreign Affairs
| leader_name2           = Thomas Walls&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/news/worldviews/wp/2017/01/22/liberland-a-self-proclaimed-country-in-eastern-europe-hopes-for-recognition-from-president-trump/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170123143407/https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/news/worldviews/wp/2017/01/22/liberland-a-self-proclaimed-country-in-eastern-europe-hopes-for-recognition-from-president-trump/|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 January 2017|title=The country recently named Thomas Walls, a U.S. citizen, as its foreign minister.|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=13 March 2018|date=22 January 2017|language=en|archivedate=23 January 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170123143407/https://www.washingtonpost.com/amphtml/news/worldviews/wp/2017/01/22/liberland-a-self-proclaimed-country-in-eastern-europe-hopes-for-recognition-from-president-trump/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://liberland.org/en/|title=Free Republic of Liberland|website=Free Republic of Liberland}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| leader_title3          = Minister of Finance
| leader_name3           = Navid Saberin&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;/&gt;
| established_event1     = Proclamation
| established_date1      = {{Start date|2015|04|13|df=y}}
| area_km2               = 7
| population_estimate    = 15
| currency               = Liberland merit ''(cryptocurrency)''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://zpravy.aktualne.cz/ekonomika/jedlickuv-liberland-ma-novou-menu-i-prvni-firmu-v-rejstriku/r~81814366e44b11e58a2b0025900fea04/|title=Jedličkův Liberland má novou měnu i první firmu v rejstříku, občanství chce 87 tisíc lidí|website=Aktuálně.cz - Víte co se právě děje|date=7 March 2016|access-date=2016-06-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| calling_code           = +422 (proposed)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://qz.com/392004/liberland-the-words-newest-micro-nation-is-already-a-leader-in-nation-branding|title=The world's newest micro-nation is already a leader in nation branding|last=Quito|first=Anne|work=Quartz|access-date=2017-11-23|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| official_website       = {{URL|https://liberland.org/}}
| micronation            = yes
}}

Liberland, ni ifowosi ti a pe ni Ominira Ominira ti Liberland, jẹ micronation ti o bẹrẹ lori ilẹ ti ko ni ẹtọ ni apa iwọ-oorun ti Odò Danube laarin Croatia ati Serbia. Liberland jẹ idasile ni ọjọ 13 Oṣu Kẹrin Ọjọ 2015 nipasẹ alakitiyan ominira Czech Vít Jedlička.&lt;ref name=&quot;LiberlandInfo&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Liberland.org – About Liberland|url=//liberland.org/en/about/|website=liberland.org|access-date=15 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Vice-Nolan&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Nolan|first1=Daniel|title=Welcome to Liberland: Europe's Newest State|url=https://news.vice.com/article/welcome-to-liberland-europes-newest-state|access-date=25 April 2015|publisher=Vice News|date=25 April 2015|archivedate=24 September 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924124810/https://news.vice.com/article/welcome-to-liberland-europes-newest-state|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Oju opo wẹẹbu Liberland osise sọ pe orilẹ-ede naa ni a ṣẹda lori ilẹ ti kii ṣe eniyan (terra nullius) ti o jade nitori Croatia ati Serbia ko gba adehun lori awọn aala ti o wọpọ fun ọdun 25 ju ọdun 25 lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-32332473|title=Balkans: Czech man claims to establish 'new state'|work=BBC News|date=16 April 2015|access-date=17 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;novinky-1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Martínek|first1=Jan|title=Člen Svobodných vyhlásil na území bývalé Jugoslávie vlastní stát|url=http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/367000-clen-svobodnych-vyhlasil-na-uzemi-byvale-jugoslavie-vlastni-stat.html|access-date=15 April 2015|agency=Právo|publisher=[[Novinky.cz]]|date=15 April 2015|language=cs|archive-date=17 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417140654/http://www.novinky.cz/domaci/367000-clen-svobodnych-vyhlasil-na-uzemi-byvale-jugoslavie-vlastni-stat.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sme-1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Čech si medzi Srbskom a Chorvátskom založil vlastný štát|url=http://www.sme.sk/c/7751515/cech-si-medzi-srbskom-a-chorvatskom-zalozil-vlastny-stat.html|access-date=15 April 2015|agency=[[Tlačová agentúra Slovenskej republiky|TASR]]|publisher=sme.sk|date=15 April 2015|language=sk}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ija aala yii pẹlu diẹ ninu awọn agbegbe si ila-oorun ti Danube eyiti o jẹ ẹtọ nipasẹ mejeeji Serbia ati Croatia. Croatia ka diẹ ninu awọn agbegbe ni apa iwọ-oorun ti odo, pẹlu Liberland, lati jẹ apakan ti Serbia, botilẹjẹpe Serbia ko tun sọ pe ilẹ naa mọ.

Ilẹ naa ti jẹ iṣọ nipasẹ Croatia lati igba Ogun Ominira Croatian &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book| last1 = Klemenčić| first1 = Mladen| last2 = Schofield| first2 = Clive H.| title = War and Peace on the Danube: The Evolution of the Croatia-Serbia Boundary| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=DpcBX2eH0LYC| year = 2001| publisher = [[International Boundaries Research Unit]]| location = Durham, England| isbn = 978-1-897643-41-9| page = 19 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ṣugbọn Croatia ti dina awọn eniyan lati wa si Liberland lati igba diẹ lẹhin ti o ti ṣẹda rẹ, pẹlu awọn ara ilu Croatian ati awọn ọmọ ilu EU miiran. Ṣaaju ki o to pe, o kan nipa ẹnikẹni le ṣabẹwo si agbegbe naa. Awọn ode iwe-aṣẹ, awọn apẹja ati awọn oṣiṣẹ ti Hrvatske šume d.o.o. (Croatian Forests Ltd., ile-iṣẹ igi ti ijọba kan) ṣe awọn abẹwo igbakọọkan. Lati Oṣu Kẹjọ ọdun 2023, awọn Liberlanders ti wa ni agbegbe naa, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Bradbury|first=Paul|date=2023-08-10|title=President Jedlicka: First Croatia-Liberland Border Now Open|url=https://total-croatia-news.com/news/travel/croatia-liberland-border/|access-date=2023-08-17|website=Total Croatia|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;  botilẹjẹpe ọlọpa aala Croatian ṣayẹwo iwe irinna gbogbo eniyan ti nwọle ati ti nlọ. Ọlọpa aala Croatia fa awọn ofin Croatian lodi si awọn ina ṣiṣi ati awọn agọ pipade.

Ko si orilẹ-ede kan ti o jẹ ọmọ ẹgbẹ ti Ajo Agbaye ti o fun ni ifọwọsi ni kikun ti ijọba ilu Liberland, botilẹjẹpe Liberland ti ṣii awọn ibatan osise pẹlu Somaliland ati Haiti ati awọn ipinlẹ miiran ti a mọ ni apakan ati ti a ko mọ ati awọn micronations. Ni Oṣu kọkanla ọdun 2021, El Salvador gba aṣoju aṣoju ijọba kan lati Liberland. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Namcios|date=2021-11-24|title=El Salvador Children's Hospital Receives Over 1 BTC Donation From US Nonprofit|url=https://bitcoinmagazine.com/business/el-salvador-childrens-hospital-receives-over-1-bitcoin-donation|access-date=2023-08-17|website=Bitcoin Magazine - Bitcoin News, Articles and Expert Insights|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awọn itọkasi ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== Awọn oju opo wẹẹbu miiran ==
* [//liberland.org/ Official website], in [//liberland.org/en/main/ English] and [//liberland.org/cz/main/ Czech]
* [http://www.parlamentnilisty.cz/arena/rozhovory/On-to-mysli-vazne-Vit-Jedlicka-zakladatel-noveho-statu-Liberland-promluvil-Zavadi-elektrinu-internet-vsechno-A-lide-se-k-nemu-hrnou-370917 Interview with founder Vít Jedlička] 
* http://inserbia.info/today/2015/04/czech-proclaims-new-sovereign-state-between-serbia-and-croatia-liberland/
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/16/magazine/the-making-of-a-president.html Welcome to Liberland, the World’s Newest Country (Maybe)] 
* [http://www.liberlandthefilm.com/en Documentary film about Liberland – &quot;This No Man’s Land Of Mine&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417070424/http://www.liberlandthefilm.com/en |date=2023-04-17 }}

{{Coord|45|46|6|N|18|52|17|E|display=title}}</text>
      <sha1>trhk42uqcv96t71uke712v3zjjwwlv5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kris draper</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>74449</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637806</id>
      <parentid>574725</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T10:29:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637806</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14141" sha1="mntlm3afio1oas2b7niyxcjle3ci3bg" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Canadian ice hockey player}}
{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Infobox ice hockey player
| image = Kris Draper March 2007.jpg
| image_size = 230px
| caption = Draper in 2007
| position = [[Centre (ice hockey)|Centre]]
| shoots = Left
| height_ft = 5
| height_in = 10
| weight_lb = 188
| played_for = [[Winnipeg Jets (1972–96)|Winnipeg Jets]]&lt;br&gt;[[Detroit Red Wings]]
| league = [[National Hockey League|NHL]]
| ntl_team = CAN
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1971|5|24}}
| birth_place = [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canada
| career_start = 1989
| career_end = 2011
| draft = 62nd overall
| draft_year = 1989
| draft_team = [[Winnipeg Jets (1972–96)|Winnipeg Jets]]
}}
'''Kristopher Bruce''' &quot;'''Kris'''&quot; '''Draper''' (tí wọ́n ní oṣù kàrún-un ọdún 1971) sí Canada jẹ́  ọ̀kan lára Eléré Agbá Hockey, tí ó sì jẹ́ Olùdarí Àgbà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ fún àwọn ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀dé àti Olùrànlọ́wọ́ gbogbogbò fún Detroit Red Wings, tí ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ sí gbà Hockey fún sáà mẹ́tàdínlógún ní gbogbo ìgba tó fí gbà Hockey.

Draper tí gbà Àmi ẹ̀yẹ Stanley Cup ní ẹ̀ẹ̀mẹrin ọ̀tọ́tọ̀ ní Detroit, o tún jẹ́ eni tí ó gbà Àmi ẹ̀yẹ Frank J. Sells, ó sí tí gbà bọ́ọ̀kù sí àwọ̀n ni ìgbà ọgọ́rùn-ún ní igbà tí ó ń gbà Hockey pẹ̀lú Red Wings. 
Draper jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ tí ó ní òkìkí ní Grind Line]  ní Detroit, ti àwọn akẹgbẹ́ rẹ sí jẹ́ Kirk Maltby àti Joe Kocur  tabi Darren McCarty. Àwọn Eré ìparí 222 rẹ̀ẹ jẹ́ kí ó wà ní ipo kẹwàá ní Atoókọ ti àwọn Olùdarí ìṣirò NHL #Playoff.

==Àwọn iṣé lẹ́yìn eré ==

Lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ lẹ́yìn ìfẹ̀yìntì Draper nídì iṣé hockey, Wọ́n gbàá sí iṣé Red Wings gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára Òṣìṣẹ́ ọ́fìsì.Ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀ rí bí olùrànlọwọ pàtàkì sí olùṣàkóso gbogbogbò, ẹni tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ [[Ken Holland]].

Ní ipò yìí, Draper ṣiṣẹ́ ní pẹ́kípẹ́kí pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ ìṣàkóso Detroit, láti ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ ìgbéléwọ̀n fún àwọn eléré Hockey fún àwọn tí wọn sẹ̀sẹ̀ bè àti àwọn tí wọn tì dì àgbà ọ̀jẹ̀ tàbí ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n nínú eré Hockey.

Wọn yóò béèrè lọ́wọ́ rẹ̀ láti pèsè ìgbéwòlè nípa àwọn ìṣòwò tí ó pọ́jú àti àwọn ìforúkọsílẹ aṣojú ọ̀fẹ́, àti pèsè òye sí àwọn yíyan tí ó pọ̀jù ní àkópamọ́ NHL lọ́dọọdún.

 Ni osù keje, ọdún 2019, Draper ní ìgbéga sí ipò Olùdarí àwọn ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ dé, eyi tí  Steve Yzerman tí ó jẹ́ akẹgbẹ re náà wà ní ipò olùṣàkóso gbogbogbò tuntun, lẹ́yìn tí Tyler Wright kúrò lọsí Edmonton. Ní oṣù keje náà ní ọdún 2023, Ó tún rí ìgbéga sí Red wing gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùrànlọwọ Kejì sí Olùdarí gbogbogbò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.mlive.com/redwings/2023/07/kris-draper-promoted-to-red-wings-assistant-gm-continues-role-as-scouting-director.html |title=Kris Draper promoted to Red Wings’ assistant GM, continues role as scouting director |website=[[MLive.com]] |first=Ansar |last=Khan |date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Igbé ayé==
Draper àti aya rere ní ọmọ Obìnrin Méjì, Kenndi àti Kamryn, oẹ̀lú ọkùnrin kàn, Keinan.
Kienan wà l'ára àwọn tí Saginaw Spirit yàn ní round kẹjọ ní Ontario Hockey League ní ọdún 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.detroitnews.com/story/sports/nhl/red-wings/2018/04/07/son-wings-draper-selected-ohl-draft/33640315/|title=Son of Wings' Draper selected in OHL draft|newspaper=[[The Detroit News]]|date=April 7, 2018|access-date=April 7, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nhl.com/redwings/team/kris-draper|title=Kris Draper Bio|publisher=Detroit Red Wings|date=April 7, 2018|access-date=April 7, 2018|archive-date=April 8, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408073953/https://www.nhl.com/redwings/team/kris-draper|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; He played for the [[Chilliwack Chiefs]] of the [[British Columbia Hockey League]] during the 2020–2021 season, and currently plays for the [[Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey|Michigan Wolverines]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url= https://www.theprogress.com/sports/chilliwack-chiefs-add-player-with-nhl-bloodlines/|title=Chilliwack Chiefs add player with NHL bloodlines|publisher=[[Chilliwack Chiefs]]|date=February 20, 2020|access-date=July 22, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://mgoblue.com/sports/mens-ice-hockey/roster/kienan-draper/23589|title=Kienan Draper Bio|publisher=[[Michigan Athletics]]|access-date=October 21, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kienan was drafted in the seventh round, 187th overall, overall by the [[Detroit Red Wings]] in the [[2020 NHL Entry Draft]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.freep.com/story/sports/nhl/red-wings/2020/10/07/2020-nhl-draft-detroit-red-wings-nine-picks-day-2-live-updates/5908237002/ |title=Detroit Red Wings pick Kris Draper's son in Round 7 |newspaper=[[Detroit Free Press]]|first=Helene |last=St. James |date=October 7, 2020|access-date=October 7, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ere òkèrè==
{{MedalTableTop|name = }}
{{MedalCountry | {{flagicon|Canada}} [[Canada]] }}
{{MedalSport | Men's [[ice hockey]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Ice Hockey World Championships|World Championships]]}}
{{MedalGold| [[2003 IIHF World Championship|2003 Finland]] | }}
{{MedalSilver | [[2005 IIHF World Championship|2005 Austria]] | }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[World Cup of Hockey]]}}
{{MedalGold | [[2004 World Cup of Hockey|2004 Canada]] | }}
{{MedalCompetition|[[IIHF World U20 Championship|World Junior Championships]]}}
{{MedalGold | [[1991 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|1991 Canada]] | }}
{{MedalGold | [[1990 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|1990 Finland]] | }}
{{MedalBottom}}

Draper participated in eight international tournaments for [[Canada men's national ice hockey team|Canada]]:
* [[1990 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships]] 
* [[1991 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships]] 
* [[2000 IIHF World Championship]] 
* [[2001 IIHF World Championship]] 
* [[2003 IIHF World Championship]] 
* [[2004 World Cup of Hockey]]
* [[2005 IIHF World Championship]] 
* [[2006 Winter Olympics]]
==Career statistics==
===Regular season and playoffs===
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;1&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:60em&quot;
|- style=&quot;background: #e0e0e0;&quot;
! colspan=&quot;3&quot;  bgcolor=&quot;#ffffff&quot; | &amp;nbsp;
! rowspan=&quot;99&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ffffff&quot; | &amp;nbsp;
! colspan=&quot;5&quot;                    | [[Regular season|Regular&amp;nbsp;season]]
! rowspan=&quot;99&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ffffff&quot; | &amp;nbsp;
! colspan=&quot;5&quot;                    | [[Playoffs]]
|- style=&quot;background: #e0e0e0;&quot;
! [[Season (sports)|Season]]
! Team
! League
! GP
! [[Goal (ice hockey)|G]]
! [[Assist (ice hockey)|A]]
! [[Point (ice hockey)|Pts]]
! [[Penalty (ice hockey)|PIM]]
! GP
! G
! A
! Pts
! PIM
|-
| 1987–88
| Don Mills Flyers Midget AAA
| [[Greater Toronto Hockey League|MTHL]]
| 40 || 35 || 32 || 67 || 46
| — || — || — || — || —
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| 1988–89
| Canadian National Team
| Intl
| 60 || 11 || 15 || 26 || 16
| — || — || — || — || —
|- 
| 1989–90
| Canadian National Team
| Intl
| 62 || 12 || 22 || 34 || 44
| — || — || — || — || —
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot; 
| [[1990–91 OHL season|1990–91]]
| [[Ottawa 67's]]
| [[Ontario Hockey League|OHL]]
| 39 || 19 || 42 || 61 || 35
| 17 || 8 || 11 || 19 || 20
|-  
| [[1990–91 AHL season|1990–91]]
| [[Moncton Hawks]]
| [[American Hockey League|AHL]]
| 7 || 2 || 1 || 3 || 2
| — || — || — || — || —
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| [[1990–91 NHL season|1990–91]]
| [[Winnipeg Jets (1972–1996)|Winnipeg Jets]]
| [[National Hockey League|NHL]]
| 3 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 5
| — || — || — || — || —
|- 
| [[1991–92 AHL season|1991–92]]
| Moncton Hawks
| AHL
| 61 || 11 || 18 || 29 || 113
| 4 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 6
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| [[1991–92 NHL season|1991–92]]
| Winnipeg Jets
| NHL
| 10 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 2
| 2 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|- 
| [[1992–93 AHL season|1992–93]]
| Moncton Hawks
| AHL
| 67 || 12 || 23 || 35 || 40
| 5 || 2 || 2 || 4 || 18
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| [[1992–93 NHL season|1992–93]]
| Winnipeg Jets
| NHL
| 7 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2
| — || — || — || — || —
|- 
| [[1993–94 AHL season|1993–94]]
| [[Adirondack Red Wings]]
| AHL
| 46 || 20 || 23 || 43 || 49
| — || — || — || — || —
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| [[1993–94 NHL season|1993–94]]
| [[Detroit Red Wings]]
| NHL
| 39 || 5 || 8 || 13 || 31
| 7 || 2 || 2 || 4 || 4
|- 
| [[1994–95 NHL season|1994–95]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 36 || 2 || 6 || 8 || 22
| 18 || 4 || 1 || 5 || 12
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| [[1995–96 NHL season|1995–96]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 52 || 7 || 9 || 16 || 32
| 18 || 4 || 2 || 6 || 18
|- 
| [[1996–97 NHL season|1996–97]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 76 || 8 || 5 || 13 || 73
| 20 || 2 || 4 || 6 || 12
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| [[1997–98 NHL season|1997–98]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 64 || 13 || 10 || 23 || 45
| 19 || 1 || 3 || 4 || 12
|- 
| [[1998–99 NHL season|1998–99]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 80 || 4 || 14 || 18 || 79
| 10 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 6
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| [[1999–2000 NHL season|1999–00]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 51 || 5 || 7 || 12 || 28
| 9 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 6
|- 
| [[2000–01 NHL season|2000–01]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 75 || 8 || 17 || 25 || 38
| 6 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 2
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| [[2001–02 NHL season|2001–02]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 82 || 15 || 15 || 30 || 56
| 23 || 2 || 3 || 5 || 20
|- 
| [[2002–03 NHL season|2002–03]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 82 || 14 || 21 || 35 || 82
| 4 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 4
|- style=&quot;background: #f0f0f0;&quot;
| [[2003–04 NHL season|2003–04]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 67 || 24 || 16 || 40 || 31
| 12 || 1 || 3 || 4 || 6
|-
| [[2005–06 NHL season|2005–06]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 80 || 10 || 22 || 32 || 58
| 6 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 6
|- ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#f0f0f0&quot;
| [[2006–07 NHL season|2006–07]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 81 || 14 || 15 || 29 || 58
| 18 || 2 || 0 || 2 || 24
|-
| [[2007–08 NHL season|2007–08]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 65 || 9 || 8 || 17 || 68
| 22 || 3 || 1 || 4 || 10
|- ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#f0f0f0&quot;
| [[2008–09 NHL season|2008–09]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 79 || 7 || 10 || 17 || 40
| 8 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| [[2009–10 NHL season|2009–10]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 81 || 7 || 15 || 22 || 28
|  12 || 0  || 0  || 0  || 16  
|- ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#f0f0f0&quot;
| [[2010–11 NHL season|2010–11]]
| Detroit Red Wings
| NHL
| 47 || 6 || 5 || 11 || 12
| 8 || 0 || 1 || 1 ||2 
|- style=&quot;background: #e0e0e0;&quot;
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; | NHL totals
! 1,157 !! 161 !! 203 !! 364 !! 790
! 222 !! 24 !! 22 !! 46 !! 160
|}

===International===
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;1&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:40em&quot;
|- ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#e0e0e0&quot;
! Year
! Team
! Event
! Result
! rowspan=&quot;99&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ffffff&quot; | &amp;nbsp;
! GP
! G
! A
! Pts
! PIM
|-  
| [[1990 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|1990]]
| [[Canada men's national junior ice hockey team|Canada]]
| [[IIHF World U20 Championship|WJC]]
| {{goca}}
| 7
| 0
| 2
| 2
| 4
|- bgcolor=&quot;#f0f0f0&quot;
| [[1991 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships|1991]]
| Canada
| WJC
| {{goca}}
| 7
| 1
| 3
| 4
| 0
|- 
| [[2000 IIHF World Championship|2000]]
| [[Canada men's national ice hockey team|Canada]]
| [[Ice Hockey World Championships|WC]]
| 4th
| 3
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|- bgcolor=&quot;#f0f0f0&quot;
| [[2001 IIHF World Championship|2001]]
| Canada
| WC
| 5th
| 7
| 1
| 2
| 3
| 0
|-  
| [[2003 IIHF World Championship|2003]]
| Canada
| WC
| {{goca}}
| 9
| 0
| 3
| 3
| 10
|- bgcolor=&quot;#f0f0f0&quot;
| [[2004 World Cup of Hockey|2004]]
| Canada
| [[World Cup of Hockey|WCH]]
| {{goca}}
| 5
| 2
| 2
| 4
| 2
|-  
| [[2005 IIHF World Championship|2005]]
| Canada
| WC
| {{sica}}
| 9
| 0
| 2
| 2
| 6
|- bgcolor=&quot;#f0f0f0&quot;
| [[Ice hockey at the 2006 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament|2006]]
| Canada
| [[Ice hockey at the Olympic Games|OG]]
| 7th
| 6
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|- bgcolor=&quot;#e0e0e0&quot;
! colspan=4 | Junior totals
! 14
! 1
! 5
! 6
! 4
|- bgcolor=&quot;#e0e0e0&quot;
! colspan=4 | Senior totals
! 39
! 4
! 9
! 13
! 18
|}
==Àmì Ẹ̀yẹ àti Àmì ìyìn==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Award
! Year
!
|- ALIGN=&quot;center&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#e0e0e0&quot;
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; | [[National Hockey League|NHL]]
|-
| [[Stanley Cup]] 
| [[1997 Stanley Cup Finals|1997]], [[1998 Stanley Cup Finals|1998]], [[2002 Stanley Cup Finals|2002]], [[2008 Stanley Cup Finals|2008]]
| 
|-
| [[Frank J. Selke Trophy]] 
| [[2003–04 NHL season|2004]]
| &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.nhl.com/ice/page.htm?id=24962 | title = Frank J. Selke Trophy winners | website = National Hockey League | date = 2010-06-04 | access-date = 2010-06-04 | archive-date = 2015-06-26 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150626140729/http://www.nhl.com/ice/page.htm?id=24962 | dead-url = yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}
==Ẹ tún wo==
*[[List of NHL players with 1000 games played]]
==Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{commons category}}
*{{icehockeystats}}

{{s-start}}
{{succession box |
 title = Winner of the [[Frank J. Selke Trophy]] |
 years = [[2003–04 NHL season|2004]] |
 before = [[Jere Lehtinen]] |
 after = [[Rod Brind'Amour]] 
}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Draper, Kris}}
[[Category:1971 births]]
[[Category:Canadian ice hockey centres]]
[[Category:Detroit Red Wings personnel]]
[[Category:Detroit Red Wings players]]
[[Category:Frank Selke Trophy winners]]
[[Category:Ice hockey players at the 2006 Winter Olympics]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Olympic ice hockey players for Canada]]
[[Category:Ottawa 67's players]]
[[Category:Ice hockey people from Toronto]]
[[Category:Stanley Cup champions]]
[[Category:Winnipeg Jets (1979–1996) draft picks]]
[[Category:Winnipeg Jets (1979–1996) players]]</text>
      <sha1>mntlm3afio1oas2b7niyxcjle3ci3bg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bessie Coleman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75161</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637723</id>
      <parentid>637126</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T03:29:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637723</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37973" sha1="f8f2bnbv815ngcp91ucx9g46ekih7i3" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|American aviator (1892–1926)}}{{pp-move-indef}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2023}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2021}}{{Infobox person|name=Bessie Coleman|image=Bessie Coleman in 1923.jpg|caption=Coleman in 1923|birth_date={{birth date |1892|01|26|mf=yes}}|birth_place=[[Atlanta, Texas]], U.S.|death_date={{Death date and age|1926|04|30|1892|01|26|mf=yes}}|death_place=[[Jacksonville, Florida]], U.S.|death_cause=Plane crash|known_for=[[First African-American]] and female aviator|spouse={{marriage|Claude Glenn|1917|end=separated soon after&lt;ref name=&quot;marri&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author= Roni Morales|title= Bessie Coleman -Aviator|url=http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~txecm/bessie_coleman.htm|date=November 1, 2014 |publisher= [[Rootsweb]]|access-date=December 17, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|burial_place=[[Lincoln Cemetery (Cook County)|Lincoln Cemetery]], Cook County, Illinois}}'''Bessie Coleman''' (January 26, 1892{{spaced ndash}}April 30, 1926)&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bessie-Coleman|title=Bessie Coleman {{!}} American aviator|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=August 20, 2018|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó jẹ́ [[Civil aviation|awakọ̀ òfurufú]]     ilẹ̀ Amẹ́ríkà tí ìgbà ìwáṣẹ̀. Ó jẹ́ obìnrin àkọ́kọ́  [[First African-American|ti Amẹ́ríkà-Adúláwọ̀]]     [[Pilot certification in the United States|tó gba ìwé-ìrìnnà   awakọ̀-òfurufú]].&lt;ref name=&quot;PBS&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/peopleevents/pandeAMEX02.html|title=Bessie Coleman (1892–1926)|website=PBS.org|access-date=March 3, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326115727/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/flygirls/peopleevents/pandeAMEX02.html|archive-date=March 26, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Women in Aviation International&quot;&gt;{{cite web|website=Women in Aviation International|title=Some Notable Women In Aviation History|url=http://www.wai.org/resources/history.cfm|access-date=April 10, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629144039/http://www.wai.org/resources/history.cfm|archive-date=June 29, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;essence&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nv/about/?cid=nrcs144p2_037528|title=Women in History: Bessie Coleman|last=Onkst|first=David H.|year=2016|website=Natural Resources Conservation Service Nevada|access-date=January 5, 2016|archive-date=February 16, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216203428/http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/nv/about/?cid=nrcs144p2_037528|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;af&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Fighter pilot takes inspiration to new heights|url=https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1478508/fighter-pilot-takes-inspiration-to-new-heights/|website=U.S. Air Force|access-date=July 14, 2019|date=March 28, 2018|archive-date=July 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714061552/https://www.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1478508/fighter-pilot-takes-inspiration-to-new-heights/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ga ìwé-ìrìnnà náà lọ́wọ́  ''[[Fédération Aéronautique Internationale]]'' ní Ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dógún, Oṣù kẹfà, ọdún 1921,&lt;ref name=&quot;Women in Aviation International&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;essence&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;phof&quot;&gt;{{cite web|website=Women in Aviation International|title=Pioneer Hall of Fame|url=http://www.wai.org/pioneers/1995pioneers.cfm|access-date=April 10, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080327073439/http://www.wai.org/resources/pioneers.cfm#1995|archive-date=March 27, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Ènìyàn dúdú àkọ́kọ́ tó gbà ìwé-ìrìnnà awakọ̀-òfurufú ti [[Pilot licensing and certification#History|international pilot's license]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Realizing the Dream of Flight: Biographical Essays in Honor of the Centennial of Flight, 1903–2003|last=Bix|first=Amy Sue|author-link=Amy Bix|date=2005|publisher=NASA|editor-last=Dawson|editor-first=Virginia Parker|pages=ix, 5|language=en-US|chapter=Bessie Coleman: Race and Gender Realities Behind Aviation Dreams|oclc=60826554|editor-last2=Bowles|editor-first2=Mark D.|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NpIpJI7nYV4C&amp;q=%2226+January%22+%22male+or+female%22&amp;pg=PA5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

A bí i sí ẹbí [[Sharecropper|àgbẹ̀-alárojẹ]] ní ìlú [[Texas]], Coleman sisẹ́ ní oko òwú nígbà èwe rẹ̀, ó sì tún ń lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ [[Racial segregation in the United States|agboolé]] kékeré kan. 
Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga fún sáà kan ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ [[Langston University]]. Ó ní ìfẹ́ sí ọkọ̀-Òfurufú láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ayé rẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n Amẹ́ríkà-Adúláwọ̀, Àwọn tí Amẹ́ríkà, àti àwọn o ìnrin kò ní ànfààní sí ẹ̀kọ́ wíwa ọkọ̀-òfuurufú ní orílè-èdè Amẹ́ríkà, nítorí náà, ó fowó pamọ́, ó sì gba ìrànwọ́ láti lọ sí orílè-èdè Faransé ní ìlú Chicago láti lọ kọ́ ẹ̀kọ́ wíwa ọkọ̀-òfuurufú [[Flight training|.]] 

Ó wá di gbajúmọ̀ awakọ̀-òfuurufú ní orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà. &quot;Queen Bess&quot; ati &quot;Brave Bessie&quot; ni a mọ̀ ọ́ sí jù lọ,&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bessie-coleman|title=Bessie Coleman|website=National Women's History Museum|language=en|access-date=September 12, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì ní ìrètí and  dá ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ sílẹ̀ fún àwọn ọmọ Amẹ́ríkà-Adúláwọ̀. Coleman kú ní ọdún 1926 nínú ìjàm̀bá ọkọ̀-òfuurufú. Ìwúrí ni ó jẹ́ fún gbogbo àwọn awakọ̀-òfuurufú tìgbà ìwáṣẹ̀ tó jẹ́ Amẹ́ríkà-Adúláwọ̀ àti àwọn ọmọ abínibí ìlú Amẹ́ríkà gan-an. 

Elizabeth (or Bessie) Coleman&lt;ref name=&quot;Slotkin&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Daniel E.|last=Slotnik|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/11/obituaries/bessie-coleman-overlooked.html|title=Overlooked No More: Bessie Coleman, Pioneering African-American Aviatrix|newspaper=The New York Times|date=December 11, 2019|access-date=2022-05-30}}&lt;/ref&gt; was born on January 26, 1892, in [[Atlanta, Texas|Atlanta]], [[Texas]],&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; the tenth of 13 children of George Coleman, an African American who may have had [[Cherokee descent|Cherokee]] or [[Choctaw]] grandparents, and Susan Coleman, who was African American.&lt;ref name=&quot;Texas_Takes_Wing&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=do4cAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA46|title=Texas Takes Wing: A Century of Flight in the Lone Star State|last=Ganson|first=Barbara|date=2014|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-75408-9|location=Austin, Texas|page=46}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hi9SAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=Cherokee|title=Women Aviators: From Amelia Earhart to Sally Ride, Making History in Air and Space|last=Marck|first=Bernard|date=2009|publisher=Rizzoli International Publications|isbn=9782080301086|page=67|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nine of the children survived childhood, which was typical for the time.&lt;ref name=&quot;Texas_Takes_Wing&quot; /&gt; When Coleman was two years old, her family moved to [[Waxahachie, Texas|Waxahachie]], Texas, where they lived as [[sharecroppers]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Coleman began attending school in Waxahachie at the age of six. She walked four miles each day to her segregated, one-room school, where she loved to read and established herself as an outstanding math student.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; She completed her elementary education in that school.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Every season, Coleman's routine of school, chores, and church was interrupted for her to participate in bringing in the cotton harvest. In 1901, George Coleman left his family. He moved to [[Oklahoma]], or [[Indian Territory]], as it was then called, to find better opportunities, but his wife and children did not follow. At the age of 12, Bessie was accepted into the Missionary Baptist Church School on scholarship. When she turned eighteen, she took her savings and enrolled in the Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University in Langston, Oklahoma (now called [[Langston University]]). She completed one term before her money ran out and she returned home.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fcobq|title=Coleman, Bessie|website=The Handbook of Texas Online|last1=Morales|first1=Roni|publisher=Texas State History Association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224053347/http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fcobq|archive-date=December 24, 2011|url-status=live|access-date=May 19, 2013|quote=Upon graduation from high school, she enrolled at the Colored Agricultural and Normal University (now Langston University) in Langston, Oklahoma. Financial difficulties, however, forced her to quit after one semester because she could not afford to attend another one.|date=February 25, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Career ==

=== Chicago ===
In 1915, at the age of 23, Coleman moved to [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], where she lived with her brothers.  In Chicago, she worked as a [[manicurist]] at the White Sox Barber Shop, where she heard stories of flying during wartime from pilots returning home from [[World War I]]. She took a second job as a restaurant manager of a [[Chili con carne#Chili parlors|chili parlor]] to save money in hopes of becoming a pilot herself.{{sfn|Creasman|1997|p=159}} American flight schools of the time admitted neither women nor black people, so [[Robert S. Abbott]], founder and publisher of the ''[[Chicago Defender]]'' newspaper, encouraged her to study abroad.&lt;ref name=&quot;PBS&quot; /&gt;  Abbot publicized Coleman's quest in his newspaper and she received financial sponsorship from banker [[Jesse Binga]] and the ''Defender''.{{sfn|Creasman|1997|p=159}}

=== France ===
{{multiple image|total_width=480|image1=Coleman-licens.jpg|alt1=Bessie Coleman's aviation license issued on June 15, 1921|image2=Bessie Coleman, First African American Pilot - GPN-2004-00027.jpg|alt2=Bessie Coleman's photograph used in her aviation license issued on June 15, 1921|footer=Coleman's aviation license issued on June 15, 1921|align=|direction=|caption1=|caption2=}}
Bessie Coleman took a French-language class at the [[Berlitz Language Schools]] in Chicago and then traveled to [[Paris]], France, on November 20, 1920, so that she could earn her pilot license. She learned to fly in a [[Nieuport 82|Nieuport 564]] biplane with &quot;a steering system that consisted of a vertical stick the thickness of a [[baseball bat]] in front of the pilot and a [[Aircraft rudder|rudder]] bar under the pilot's feet.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;rich&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Rich|first=Doris|title=Queen Bess: Daredevil Aviator|pages=[https://archive.org/details/queenbessdaredev00rich/page/37 37, 47, 57, 109–111, 145]|location=Washington|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|year=1993|isbn=1-56098-265-9|url=https://archive.org/details/queenbessdaredev00rich/page/37}}&lt;/ref&gt;

On June 15, 1921, Coleman became the first black woman&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; and first self-identified Native American&lt;ref name=&quot;WoHiMu&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author1=Kerri Lee Alexander|title=Bessie Coleman|url=https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/bessie-coleman|website=National Women's History Museum|access-date=November 14, 2019|language=en|date=2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; to earn an aviation pilot's license and the first black person&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; and first self-identified Native American&lt;ref name=&quot;WoHiMu&quot; /&gt; to earn an international aviation license from the [[Fédération Aéronautique Internationale]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Determined to polish her skills, Coleman spent the next two months taking lessons from a French ace pilot near Paris and, in September 1921, she sailed for America. She became a media sensation when she returned to the United States.

=== Airshows ===
{{quote box|quoted=true|bgcolor=#F3F0FD|salign=right|quote=The air is the only place free from prejudices. 
I knew we had no aviators, neither men nor women, and I knew the Race needed to be represented along this most important line, so I thought it my duty to risk my life to learn aviation...|source=– Bessie Coleman&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://blackhistorypages.net/pages/bcoleman.php |title=Bessie Coleman |website=Black History pages (BHP) |access-date=January 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170128063136/http://blackhistorypages.net/pages/bcoleman.php |archive-date=January 28, 2017 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}&lt;/ref&gt;|width=275px}}With the age of commercial flight still a decade or more in the future, Coleman quickly realized that in order to make a living as a civilian aviator she would have to become a &quot;[[barnstorming]]&quot; stunt flier, performing dangerous tricks in the air with the then-still-novel technology of airplanes for paying audiences. But, to succeed in this highly competitive arena, she would need advanced lessons and a more extensive repertoire. Returning to Chicago, she could not find anyone willing to teach her, so in February 1922, she sailed again for Europe.&lt;ref name=&quot;rich&quot; /&gt;

Coleman spent the next two months in France completing an advanced course in aviation. She then left for the [[Netherlands]] to meet with [[Anthony Fokker]], one of the world's most distinguished aircraft designers. She also traveled to Germany, where she visited the [[Fokker]] Corporation and received additional training from one of the company's chief pilots. She then returned to the United States to launch her career in exhibition flying.&lt;ref name=&quot;rich&quot; /&gt;

&quot;Queen Bess&quot;, as she was known, was a highly popular draw for the next five years. Invited to important events and often interviewed by newspapers, she was admired by both blacks and whites. She primarily flew [[Curtiss JN-4 Jenny]] [[biplanes]] and other aircraft that had been army surplus aircraft left over from the war. She made her first appearance in an American [[airshow]] on September 3, 1922, at an event honoring veterans of the all-black [[369th Infantry Regiment (United States)|369th Infantry Regiment]] of [[World War I]]. Held at [[Roosevelt Field, New York|Curtiss Field]] on [[Long Island, New York|Long Island]] near New York City, and sponsored by her friend Abbott and the ''Chicago Defender'' newspaper, the show billed Coleman as &quot;the world's greatest woman flier&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Toth|first=Maria Lynn|date=February 10, 2001|url=http://www.latimes.com/features/kids/readingroom/la-et-story10-feb10-2006,0,7374705,full.story|title=Daredevil of the Sky: The Bessie Coleman Story|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=February 24, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105072047/http://www.latimes.com/features/kids/readingroom/la-et-story10-feb10-2006,0,7374705,full.story|archive-date=November 5, 2012|archivedate=November 5, 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105072047/http://www.latimes.com/features/kids/readingroom/la-et-story10-feb10-2006,0,7374705,full.story|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; and featured aerial displays by eight other American ace pilots, and a jump by black parachutist [[Hubert Julian]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/102813794/negress-pilots-airplane/|title=Negress Pilots Airplane: Bessie Coleman Makes Three Flights for Fifteenth Infantry|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 4, 1922|page=9|access-date=2022-05-30|via=Newspapers.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Six weeks later, Coleman returned to Chicago, performing in an air show, this time to honor World War I's [[370th Infantry Regiment (United States)|370th Infantry Regiment]]. She delivered a stunning demonstration of daredevil maneuvers{{snd}}including figure eights, loops, and near-ground dips to a large and enthusiastic crowd at the Checkerboard Airdrome – now the grounds of Hines Veterans Administration Medical Center, [[Hines, Illinois|Hines]], Illinois, Loyola Hospital, Maywood, and nearby [[Forest Preserve District of Cook County|Cook County Forest Preserve]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1483.html|title=Bessie Coleman: Pioneer Chicago Aviator|last=Keating|first=Ann Durkin|date=2005|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Chicago|access-date=February 28, 2017}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024020309/http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1483.html |date=October 24, 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The thrill of stunt flying and the admiration of cheering crowds were only part of Coleman's dream. Coleman never lost sight of her childhood vow to one day &quot;amount to something&quot;. As a professional aviator, Coleman often would be criticized by the press for her opportunistic nature and the flamboyant style she brought to her exhibition flying. She also quickly gained a reputation as a skilled and daring pilot who would stop at nothing to complete a difficult stunt. In [[Los Angeles]], she broke a leg and three ribs when her plane stalled and crashed on February 22, 1923.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Bessie_Coleman_and_her_plane_(1922).jpg|thumb|Bessie Coleman, c. 1922]]
Committed to promoting aviation and combating racism, Coleman spoke to audiences across the country about the pursuit of aviation and goals for African Americans.  She absolutely refused to participate in aviation events that prohibited the attendance of African Americans.{{sfn|Creasman|1997|p=162}}

In the 1920s, she met the Rev. Hezakiah Hill and his wife Viola on a speaking tour in [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]], [[Florida]]. The community activists invited her to stay with them at the parsonage of Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church on Washington Street in the neighborhood of [[Parramore]].  A local street was renamed &quot;Bessie Coleman&quot; Street in her honor in 2013. The couple, who treated her as a daughter, persuaded her to stay, and Coleman opened a beauty shop in Orlando to earn extra money to buy her own plane.&lt;ref name=&quot;os&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/orange/os-black-pilot-bessie-coleman-orlando-20150131-story.html|title=Orlando renames street in honor of black 'daredevil aviatrix'|first=Stephen|last=Hudak|date=January 31, 2015|newspaper=[[Orlando Sentinel]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Through her media contacts, she was offered a role in a feature-length film titled ''Shadow and Sunshine'', to be financed by the African American Seminole Film Producing Company. She gladly accepted, hoping the publicity would help to advance her career and provide her with some of the money she needed to establish her own flying school. But upon learning that the first scene in the movie required her to appear in tattered clothes, with a walking-stick and a pack on her back, she refused to proceed. &quot;Clearly ... [Bessie's] walking off the movie set was a statement of principle. Opportunist though she was about her career, she was never an opportunist about race. She had no intention of perpetuating the derogatory image most whites had of most blacks,&quot; wrote Doris Rich.&lt;ref name=&quot;rich&quot; /&gt;{{quote box|quoted=true|bgcolor=#F3F0FD|salign=right|quote=It's tempting to draw parallels between me and Ms. Coleman . . .[but] I point to Bessie Coleman and say here is a woman, a being, who exemplifies and serves as a model for all humanity, the very definition of strength, dignity, courage, integrity, and beauty.|source=– [[Mae Jemison]] (first African-American&lt;br /&gt; woman astronaut){{sfn|Creasman|1997|p=163}}|align=right|width=275px}}

== Legacy ==
Coleman would not live long enough to establish a school for young black aviators, but her pioneering achievements served as an inspiration for a generation of African-American men and women. &quot;Because of Bessie Coleman,&quot; wrote Lieutenant [[William J. Powell]] in ''Black Wings'' (1934), dedicated to Coleman, &quot;we have overcome that which was worse than racial barriers. We have overcome the barriers within ourselves and dared to dream.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Powell|first=William J.|title=Black Wings|location=Los Angeles|publisher=Ivan Deach, Jr.|year=1934|oclc=3261929}}&lt;/ref&gt; Powell served in a segregated unit during [[World War I]], and tirelessly promoted the cause of black aviation through his book, his journals, and the Bessie Coleman Aero Club, which he founded in 1929.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Broadnax|first=Samuel L.|title=Blue Skies, Black Wings: African American Pioneers of Aviation|url=https://archive.org/details/blueskiesblackwi0000broa|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/blueskiesblackwi0000broa/page/17 17]|location=Westport, CT|publisher=Praeger|year=2007|isbn=978-0-275-99195-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rich&quot; /&gt;

Coleman's example proved an inspiration for a number of pioneers in aeronautics and eventually astronautics, including [[John Robinson (aviator)|John Robinson]], [[Cornelius Coffey]], [[Willa Brown]], [[Janet Harmon Bragg]], [[Robert H. Lawrence Jr.]], and [[Mae Jemison]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Nettles&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Nettles|first=Arionne|date=2023-12-14|title=The first Black-owned airport in the U.S. was in Robbins, Illinois|language=en|work=WBEZ|url=https://www.wbez.org/stories/the-history-of-robbins-airport-in-illinois/a2c37d08-ca8d-4b5b-8c22-e0958e65beec|access-date=2023-12-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Death ==
[[Fáìlì:Grave_of_Bessie_Coleman_(1892–1926)_at_Lincoln_Cemetery,_Blue_Island,_IL_1.jpg|right|thumb|219x219px|Coleman's grave at [[Lincoln Cemetery (Cook County)|Lincoln Cemetery]], near Chicago]]
On April 30, 1926, Coleman was in [[Jacksonville, Florida|Jacksonville]], Florida. She had recently purchased a Curtiss JN-4 (Jenny) in [[Dallas]]. Her mechanic and publicity agent, 24-year-old William D. Wills, flew the plane from Dallas in preparation for an airshow and had to make three [[Emergency landing|forced landings]] along the way because the plane had been so poorly maintained.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://biography.yourdictionary.com/bessie-coleman|title=Bessie Coleman Facts|work=yourdictionary.com|access-date=November 15, 2013|archive-date=January 5, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140105015807/http://biography.yourdictionary.com/bessie-coleman|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Upon learning this, Coleman's friends and family did not consider the aircraft safe and implored her not to fly it, but she refused. On take-off, Wills was flying the plane with Coleman in the other seat. She was planning a parachute jump for the next day, and wanted to examine the terrain as seen from the cockpit.&lt;ref name=&quot;Slotkin&quot; /&gt;

About ten minutes into the flight, the plane unexpectedly went into a [[Dive (aviation)|dive]] and then a [[Spin (flight)|spin]] at 3,000 feet above the ground. Coleman was thrown from the plane at {{convert|2000|ft|m|abbr=on}}, and was killed instantly when she hit the ground. Wills was unable to regain control of the plane, and it plummeted to the ground. He died upon impact. The plane exploded, bursting into flames. Although the wreckage of the plane was badly burned, it was later discovered that a wrench used to service the engine had jammed the controls. Coleman was 34 years old.&lt;ref name=&quot;rich&quot; /&gt;

Funeral services were held in Florida, before her body was sent back to Chicago.  While there was little mention in most media, news of her death was widely carried in the [[African-American newspapers|African-American press]]. Ten thousand mourners attended her ceremonies in Chicago, which were led by activist [[Ida B. Wells]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Slotkin&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn Àmì-Ẹ̀yẹ Rẹ̀ ==
[[Fáìlì:2023_Bessie_Coleman_Womens_Quarter.jpg|thumb|In 2023 Coleman was honored in the [[American Women quarters]] series]]

* [[Atlanta, Texas]], has a Regional History Museum which displays a downscale reproduction version of Bessie Coleman's yellow bi-plane &quot;Queen Bess.&quot; The museum display also includes a uniform and other memorabilia regarding the life and times of Bessie Coleman. Outside the regional history museum is a Texas Historical Marker located at 101 N. East Street in Historic Downtown, Atlanta. The road to the Hall-Miller Municipal Airport in Atlanta is named Bessie Coleman Drive in her honor.
* A public library in Chicago was named in Coleman's honor,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.chipublib.org/about-coleman-branch/|title=About Coleman Branch|work=Chicago Public Library|access-date=February 28, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; as are roads at [[O'Hare International Airport]] in Chicago,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/320340442|title=Bessie Coleman Drive, Chicago|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Oakland International Airport]] in California,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/53790862|title=Bessie Coleman Drive, Alameda|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Tampa International Airport]] in Florida,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/147380733|title=Bessie Coleman Boulevard, Tampa|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; and at Germany's [[Frankfurt International Airport]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/38767016|title=Bessie-Coleman-Straße, Frankfurt|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; A memorial plaque has been placed by the [[Chicago Cultural Center]] at the location of her former home, 41st and King Drive in Chicago, and it is a tradition for African-American aviators to drop flowers during flyovers of her grave at [[Lincoln Cemetery (Cook County)|Lincoln Cemetery]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagotribute.org/Markers/Coleman.htm|title=Markers of Distinction: Bessie Coleman|website=Chicago Tribute|publisher=City of Chicago, Chicago Cultural Center|access-date=March 27, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214113847/http://chicagotribute.org/Markers/Coleman.htm|archive-date=February 14, 2016|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* A roundabout leading to [[Nice Airport]] in the South of France was named after Coleman in March 2016, and there are streets in [[Poitiers]], and the [[20th arrondissement of Paris|20th Arrondissement of Paris]] also named after her.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/39350488|title=Rue Bessie Coleman, Poitiers|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/178064306|title=Rue Bessie Coleman, Paris|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bessie Coleman Middle School in [[Cedar Hill, Texas]], is named for her.
* Bessie Coleman Boulevard in Waxahachie, Texas, where she lived as a child is named in her honor.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.openstreetmap.org/way/60856796|title=Bessie Coleman Boulevard, Waxahachie|website=OpenStreetMap|access-date=October 13, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* B. Coleman Aviation, a [[fixed-base operator]] based at [[Gary/Chicago International Airport]], is named in her honor.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.b-coleman.com/about/|title=About|website=B. Coleman Aviation|access-date=May 21, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Several Bessie Coleman Scholarship Awards have been established for high school seniors planning careers in aviation.
* The U.S. Postal Service issued a 32-cent stamp honoring Coleman in 1995.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Stamp Series|website=United States Postal Service|url=http://beyondtheperf.com/stamp-series|access-date=September 9, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810160707/http://beyondtheperf.com/stamp-series|archive-date=August 10, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://usstampgallery.com/view.php?id=b30836d8dce06d547fbb3f470f8c46c0929fd64c|first1=Richard L.|last1=Sine|first2=Jonathan|last2=Galpin|title=Bessie Coleman|website=US Stamp Gallery.com|access-date=October 13, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; The Bessie Coleman Commemorative is the 18th in the U.S. Postal Service Black Heritage series.
* In 2001, Coleman was inducted into the [[National Women's Hall of Fame]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/bessie-coleman/ &quot;Bessie Coleman&quot;], National Women's Hall of Fame.&lt;/ref&gt;
* In 2006, Coleman was inducted into the [[National Aviation Hall of Fame]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalaviation.org/our-enshrinees/coleman-bessie/|title=Coleman, Bessie|website=[[National Aviation Hall of Fame]]|access-date=October 13, 2017|archive-date=November 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130215808/http://www.nationalaviation.org/our-enshrinees/coleman-bessie/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* In 2012, a bronze plaque with Coleman's likeness was installed on the front doors of [[Paxon School for Advanced Studies]] located on the site of the Jacksonville airfield where Coleman's fatal flight took off.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Soergel|first=Matt|date=October 28, 2013|title=Looking to honor the daring 'Queen Bess'|newspaper=The Florida Times-Union|page=A-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Coleman was honored with a toy character in season 5, episode 11a of the children's animated television program ''[[Doc McStuffins]]''.
* Coleman was placed No. 14 on ''[[Flying (magazine)|Flying]]''{{'}}s 2013 list of the &quot;51 Heroes of Aviation&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=http://www.flyingmag.com/photo-gallery/photos/51-heroes-aviation?pnid=41841|title=51 Heroes of Aviation|magazine=Flying|date=July 24, 2013|access-date=January 5, 2024|archivedate=September 21, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921041827/https://www.flyingmag.com/photo-gallery/photos/51-heroes-aviation/?pnid=41841|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* In 2014, Coleman was inducted into the [[International Air &amp; Space Hall of Fame]] at the [[San Diego Air &amp; Space Museum]].&lt;ref&gt;Sprekelmeyer, Linda, editor. ''These We Honor: The International Aerospace Hall of Fame''. Donning Co. Publishers, 2006. {{ISBN|978-1-57864-397-4}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
* On January 25, 2015, Orlando renamed West Washington Street to recognize the street's most accomplished resident.&lt;ref name=&quot;os&quot; /&gt;
* On January 26, 2017,&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Bessie Coleman's 125th Birthday|url=http://www.google.com/logos/doodles/2017/bessie-colemans-125th-birthday-5751652702224384-hp2x.gif|website=google.com|language=en|access-date=2023-01-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; the 125th anniversary of her birth, a [[Google Doodle]] was posted in her honor.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/01/bessie-coleman-matter-170126114158228.html|title=Who was Bessie Coleman and why does she still matter?|publisher=[[Al Jazeera Media Network|AlJazeera]]|date=January 26, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* In December 2019, ''[[The New York Times]]'' featured Coleman in their [[Overlooked (obituary feature)]]: &quot;Bessie Coleman, Pioneering African-American Aviatrix&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Slotkin&quot; /&gt;
* In 2021, when [[Juneteenth]] became a federal holiday, a flyover was held in Colorado to honor both her and the new holiday.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-06-19|title=US comes together to mark Juneteenth after recognizing it as federal holiday|first=Victoria|last=Bekiempis|url=http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jun/19/us-juneteenth-mark-celebrations-federal-holiday|access-date=2021-06-19|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* In 2021, the [[International Astronomical Union]] named a mountain (and possible volcano) on [[Pluto]], ''Coleman Mons'', in her honor.  It is located on the edge of the heart-shaped ''[[Tombaugh Regio]].''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=JHUAPL|title=Great Exploration Revisited: New Horizons at Pluto and Charon|url=http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/News-Center/News-Article.php?page=20211025|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-26|website=New Horizons|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025222431/http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/News-Center/News-Article.php?page=20211025|archive-date=October 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Talbert|first=Tricia|date=2021-10-25|title=Pluto Landmarks Named for Aviation Pioneers Ride and Coleman|url=http://www.nasa.gov/feature/pluto-landmarks-named-for-aviation-pioneers-sally-ride-and-bessie-coleman|access-date=2021-10-26|website=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* To commemorate the 100th anniversary of Coleman earning her flying license, in August 2022, American Airlines flew a commemorative flight from &quot;Dallas-Fort Worth to Phoenix. The flight was operated by an all-Black Female crew — from the pilots and Flight Attendants to the Cargo team members and the aviation maintenance technician.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://news.aa.com/news/news-details/2022/Empowering-Women-in-the-Skies-ID-BK-08/default.aspx|title=Empowering Women in the Skies|website=American Airlines News|date=August 19, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bessie-coleman-all-black-female-american-airlines-crew/|title=Bessie Coleman, first African American woman to earn a pilot's license, honored by All-Black, female airline crew|first=Kris|last=Van Cleave|date=August 17, 2022|website=[[CBS News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Coleman was honored on an [[American Women quarters|American Women quarter]] in 2023.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=United States Mint Announces 2023 American Women Quarters™ Program Honorees|url=https://www.usmint.gov/news/press-releases/united-states-mint-announces-2023-american-women-quarters-program-honorees|date=March 30, 2022|access-date=2022-03-31|publisher=U.S. Mint}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Bessie Coleman Elementary School in [[Corvallis, Oregon]], is named after her.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-04-16|title=What's in a School Rename: Life, Legacy of Bessie Coleman|url=https://www.corvallisadvocate.com/2022/whats-in-a-school-rename-life-legacy-of-bessie-coleman/|access-date=2022-09-07|website=The Corvallis Advocate|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* In 2023, [[Mattel]] added a Bessie Coleman [[Barbie|Barbie doll]] to its &quot;Inspiring Women&quot; series.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Bessie Coleman, pioneering pilot, now has her own Barbie|website=MSN|date=January 24, 2023|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/bessie-coleman-pioneering-pilot-now-has-her-own-barbie/ar-AA16Khq1|access-date=February 2, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* In 2023, ''The Flight'', a play inspired by Bessie Coleman, debuted at the [[Factory Theatre]], written and starring [[Beryl Bain]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Wild|first=Stephi|title=World Premiere of THE FLIGHT Comes to Factory Theatre|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/toronto/article/World-Premiere-of-THE-FLIGHT-Comes-to-Factory-Theatre-20230124|date=January 24, 2023|access-date=2023-02-15|website=BroadwayWorld.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tún wo èyí ==
{{Portal|United States|Biography}}

* [[List of firsts in aviation]]
* [[Eugene Bullard]], the first African-American to earn a pilot's license
* [[Leah Hing]], first [[Chinese American]] woman to earn a pilot's license
* [[Mae Jemison]], the first African-American female astronaut in space; she carried a picture of Bessie Coleman with her on her first mission
* [[Military history of African Americans]]
* [[Azellia White]], the first African-American woman to earn a pilot's license in Texas

== Àwọn Ìwé-Ìtọ́kasí ==

=== Àwọn Àyọlò ===
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

=== Àmúlò Iṣẹ́ ===

* {{Cite journal|last=Creasman|first=Kim|date=1997|title=Black Birds in the Sky: The Legacies of Bessie Coleman and Dr. Mae Jemison|journal=The Journal of Negro History|language=en|volume=82|issue=1|pages=159–163|doi=10.2307/2717501|issn=0022-2992|jstor=2717501|s2cid=141029557}}

== Àfikún Ohun Kíkà ==

* {{cite journal|last=King|first=Anita|title=Brave Bessie: First Black Pilot|series=Parts 1 &amp; 2 (May, June)|journal=Essence Magazine|date=1976}}
* {{cite book|last=Bilstein|first=Roger|title=Aviation in Texas|url=https://archive.org/details/aviationintexas0000bils|location=Austin|publisher=Texas Monthly Press|date=1985|isbn=9780932012951}}
* {{cite book|last=Freydberg|first=Elizabeth Hadley|title=Bessie Coleman: The Brownskin Lady Bird|url=https://archive.org/details/bessiecolemanbro0000frey|publisher=Garland|date=1994|isbn=9780815314615}}
* {{cite book|last=Fisher|first=Lillian M.|title=Brave Bessie: Flying Free|publisher=Hencrick-Long|date=1995|isbn=9780937460948|url=https://archive.org/details/bravebessieflyin0000fish}}
* {{cite book|last=Hart|first=Philip S.|title=Up in the Air: The Story of Bessie Coleman|publisher=First Avenue Editions|date=1996|series=Trailblazer Biographies|isbn=978-0876149782|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/upinairstoryofbe0000hart}}
* {{cite book|last=Johnson|first=Dolores|title=She Dared to Fly: Bessie Coleman|location=New York|publisher=Benchmark Books|date=1997|isbn=978-0761404873|url=https://archive.org/details/shedaredtoflybes0000john}}
* {{cite book|last=Plantz|first=Connie|title=Bessie Coleman: First Black Woman Pilot|url=https://archive.org/details/bessiecolemanfir0000plan|publisher=Enslow Publishers|date=2001|asin=B01K3N5GUM|series=African-American Biographies}}
* {{cite book|first=John R.|last=Holway|date=2012|title=Bessie Coleman: Pioneering Black Woman Aviator|isbn=9780985738914}}

== Àwọn Àsopọ̀ Tìta ==
{{Commons category|Bessie Coleman}}

* {{cite web|url=http://www.bessiecoleman.com/|title=Bessie Coleman|first=Lynne|last=Spivey|department=bessiecoleman.com|publisher=Atlanta Historical Museum}}&lt;!-- Verified, see:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://atlantacitizensjournal.com/articles/2017/01/26/remembering-bessie-coleman-0 |title=Remembering Bessie Coleman |newspaper=Atlanta Citizens Journal |date=January 26, 2017 |quote=Lynne Spivey, former Atlanta City Development Corporation executive director and founder of the Atlanta Historical Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt; --&gt;
* {{cite web|url=http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?MarkerID=4848|title=Bessie Coleman|publisher=Texas Historical Commission|website=Historical Marker Database (HMdb)|date=2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927204800/http://www.hmdb.org/Marker.asp?Marker=13782|archive-date=September 27, 2016}} {{coord|33|6.848|N|94|9.931|W|type:landmark|display=inline|name=Bessie Coleman historical marker}}
* Video:
** {{YouTube|wckEiKzCBqc|''The First Female African American Pilot'' (January 4, 2012) Smithsonian channel}}

{{National Women's Hall of Fame}} {{Authority control}}

{{igbesiaye|1892|1926|Coleman, Bessie}}

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọmọ Áfríkà Amẹ́ríkà]]</text>
      <sha1>f8f2bnbv815ngcp91ucx9g46ekih7i3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Atonye Nyingifa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75636</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637720</id>
      <parentid>585173</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:49:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637720</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1552" sha1="geiy8l3nwyowmwwsoddl13o7hikwvmk" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox basketball biography|name=Atonye Nyingifa|image=|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1990|12|8}}|birth_place=[[Torrance, California|Torrance]], United States|nationality=American / Nigerian|height_m=1.83|weight_kg=|position=[[Power forward (basketball)|Power forward]]|league=[[Liga Femenina de Baloncesto|LFB]]|team=Porta XI Ensino|number=21|high_school=[[Redondo Union High School]]&lt;br&gt;([[Redondo Beach, California]])|college=[[UCLA Bruins women's basketball|UCLA]] (2014)|draft_league=WNBA|draft_year=2014|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Women's basketball}}
{{MedalCountry|{{bkw|NGA}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[AfroBasket Women|AfroBasket]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2017 Women's Afrobasket|2017 Mali]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[2019 Women's Afrobasket|2019 Senegal]]|}}}}'''Atonye Nyingifa''' (tí wọ́n bí ní 8 December 1990) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù alájùsáwọ̀n ti orílẹ̀-èdè [[Nàìjíríà]] tó tan mọ́ ìlú America. Ẹgbẹ́ Porta XI Ensino àti Nigerian national team ni ó ń gba bọ́ọ̀lù náà fún.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FIBA profile |url=https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Atonye_Nyingifa/pid//_//players.html |access-date=2024-04-04 |archive-date=2017-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922195338/http://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Atonye_Nyingifa/pid//_//players.html |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó kópa nínú ìdíje 2017 Women's Afrobasket.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2017/Atonye-Nyingifa 2017 Women's Afrobasket profile]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
      <sha1>geiy8l3nwyowmwwsoddl13o7hikwvmk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mariam Coulibaly</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75715</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637818</id>
      <parentid>585996</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:42:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637818</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1567" sha1="hxn2ixycth70qjzloifqtaws7gibe54" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox basketball biography|name=Mariam Coulibaly|image=Snatt's - Mariam Coulibaly (cropped).jpg|caption=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1997|10|7|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Bamako]], [[Mali]]|nationality=Malian|height_m=1.92|weight_kg=|position=[[Center (basketball)|Center]]|league=[[Ligue Féminine de Basketball|LFB]]|team=Landerneau Bretagne Basket|number=15|draft_league=WNBA|draft_year=2019|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Women's basketball}}
{{MedalCountry|{{bkw|MLI}}}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[AfroBasket Women|AfroBasket]]}}
{{MedalSilver|[[2021 Women's Afrobasket|2021 Cameroon]]|}}
{{MedalBronze|[[2017 Women's Afrobasket|2017 Mali]]|}}
{{MedalBronze|[[2019 Women's Afrobasket|2019 Senegal]]|}}
{{MedalBronze|[[2023 Women's Afrobasket|2023 Rwanda]]|}}}}'''Mariam Coulibaly''' (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ keje oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1997) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lú alájùsáwọ̀n fún orílẹ̀-èdè Mali, tí ó sì gbá bọ́ọ̀lù náà fún ẹgbẹ́ Landerneau Bretagne Basket àti Malian national team.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=FIBA profile |url=https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Mariam_Coulibaly/pid//_//players.html |access-date=2024-04-25 |archive-date=2024-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425110547/https://archive.fiba.com/pages/eng/fa/p/rpp//q/Mariam_Coulibaly/pid//_//players.html |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó kópa níní ìdíje ti 2017 Women's Afrobasket.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2017/Mariam-Coulibaly 2017 Women's Afrobasket profile]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>hxn2ixycth70qjzloifqtaws7gibe54</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kànnáfùrù</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75727</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637807</id>
      <parentid>633574</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T10:32:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637807</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6619" sha1="n9ofzh3af33jysaf9om7ry7qlpltlku" xml:space="preserve">{{speciesbox
|name         = Clove
|image        = Syzygium_aromaticum_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-030.jpg
|genus        = Syzygium
|species      = aromaticum
|authority    = ([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Elmer Drew Merrill|Merr.]] &amp; [[L.M.Perry]]
|synonyms_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot;&gt;{{GRIN | name = ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (L.) Merr. &amp; L.M.Perry | id = 50069 | access-date = June 9, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|synonyms     =
* ''Caryophyllus aromaticus'' &lt;small&gt;L.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Eugenia aromatica'' &lt;small&gt;(L.) Baill.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Eugenia caryophyllata'' &lt;small&gt;Thunb.&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Eugenia caryophyllus'' &lt;small&gt;(Spreng.) Bullock &amp; S.G.Harrison&lt;/small&gt;
* ''Jambosa caryophyllus'' &lt;small&gt;(Thunb.) Nied.&lt;/small&gt;
||extinct=No|taxon=Plantae}}

'''Kànnáfùrù ''' jẹ́ ìran igi [[ewé]] kan tí ó wá láti inú ẹbí igi  kan tí wọ́n ń pe ní [[Myrtaceae]], tí orúkọ àdàmọ̀dì rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ '''''Syzygium aromaticum''''' ({{IPAc-en|s|ɪ|ˈ|z|ɪ|dʒ|iː|ə|m|_|ˌ|ær|ə|ˈ|m|æ|t|ɪ|k|ə|m}}).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite OED|syzygium}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Merriam-Webster|aqua aromatica}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlú tí ewé yí ti tàn ká agbáyé ni [[Maluku Islands]], tí a tún lè pè ní ''Moluccas'', ìlú tí ó wà ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Indonesia]]. Won ma ń lo ewé tàbí igi kànáfùrù yí fún oríṣiríṣi ìwúlò ọmọnìyàn, wọ́n lè loo gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun èlò amọ́bẹ̀ dùn, ohun olóòrùn àdídùn tàbí kí wọ́n fi kún [[ọṣẹ]] ifọ̀yín àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;kew&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=''Syzygium aromaticum'' (L.) Merr. and L.M. Perry |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601421-1 |publisher=Kew Science, Plants of the World Online |access-date=28 February 2021 |date=2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=drugs/&gt; [[èso]]  tàbí igi kànáfùrù ma ń so yíká ọdún yálà lásìkò ẹ̀rùn ni tàbí àsìkò [[òjò]], idi nìyí tí a ṣe ma ń ri káàkiri orílẹ̀ agbáyé yàtọ̀ sí àwọn irúgbìn tókù.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url= https://www.tridge.com/stories/tridge-market-update-tight-stocks-of-quality-cloves-lead-to-a-price-surge |title=Tight Stocks of Quality Cloves Lead to a Price Surge |last= Yun |first= Wonjung |date= 13 August 2018 |work= Tridge |access-date= 13 August 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180814103405/https://www.tridge.com/stories/tridge-market-update-tight-stocks-of-quality-cloves-lead-to-a-price-surge |archive-date= 14 August 2018 |url-status= dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìwúlò rẹ̀ ==
[[Image:ClovesDried.jpg|left|thumb|Dried cloves]]
[[File:The flowers of clove tree in Pemba island.JPG|thumb|Clove tree flowerbuds]]{{Cookbook}}
Wọ́n ma ń lo kànáfùrù gẹ́gẹ́ bí nkan ìsebẹ̀ tàbí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ohun amọ́bẹ̀ ta sánsán ní ilẹ̀ Adúláwọ̀ ati ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ orílẹ̀ káàkiri agbáyé. 

Wọ́n lè lo kànáfùrù fún ohun mímu ẹlẹ́rìndòdò nígbà tí wọ́n bá fi mọ́ [[ṣúgà]] àti [[ọsàn]] òronbó.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |department=Star2 |newspaper=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]] |date=Aug 2, 2015 |page=9 |title=A spicy blend of tradition |author=Hariati Azizan }}&lt;/ref&gt;) àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ. 

=== Lílò rẹ̀ fún nkan mìíràn ===
Wọ́n ma ń fi kànáfùrù kún èso [[betel quids]] kí ó lè mú òórùn àdídùn wá nígbà tí wọ́n bá ń jẹẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/betelchewingtrad00roon/page/26 26]|title=Betel Chewing Traditions in South-East Asia|url=https://archive.org/details/betelchewingtrad00roon|first=Dawn F.|last=Rooney|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1993|location=Kuala Lumpur|isbn=0-19-588620-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ma ń fi kànáfùrù kún egbògi táábà tí wọ́n fi ń ṣe [[sìgá]] tí wọ́n ń pe ní ''[[kretek]]'' ní orílẹ̀-èdè [[Indonesia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot;/&gt; Àwọn [[ènìyàn]] olùgbé àwọn ìlú bíi Europe, Asia àti [[Amẹ́ríkà]] ni wọ́n sábà ma ń mu sígá tí wọ́n fi Kànáfùrù ṣe lọ́pọ̀lọp &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/FlavoredTobacco/default.htm |title=Flavored Tobacco |publisher=FDA |access-date=September 7, 2012 |archive-date=March 16, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316174950/http://www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/FlavoredTobacco/default.htm |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; látàrí ìfòfinde awọn sìgá tí wọ́n táábà olóró ṣe jáde ní awọn ìlú wọ̀nyí ní inú oṣù kẹsànán ọdún 2009.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The Tobacco Control Act's Ban of Clove Cigarettes and the WTO: A Detailed Analysis |url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R42733.html|date=17 September 2012 |access-date=2022-05-12 |publisher= Congressional Research Service Reports|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Wọ́n lè lo [[Òróró]] kànáfùrù láti dáàbò bo [[oúnjẹ]] kúrò lọ́wọ́ onírúurú àwọn ìfúnfun tí wọ́n wọ́n ma ń ju lórí àwọn oúnjẹ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Ju |first1=Jian |last2=Xu |first2=Xiaomiao |last3=Xie |first3=Yunfei |last4=Guo |first4=Yahui |last5=Cheng |first5=Yuliang |last6=Qian |first6=He |last7=Yao |first7=Weirong |date=2018 |title=Inhibitory effects of cinnamon and clove essential oils on mold growth on baked foods |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0308814617312736 |journal=Food Chemistry |language=en |volume=240 |pages=850–855 |doi=10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.120|pmid=28946351 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún ma ń fi òróró kànáfùrù ṣe itọ́jú oúnjẹ kí ó má ba bàjẹ́, bákan náà ni wọ́n ma ń loo fún ìdáàbò bo igi kúrò lọ́wọ́ àwọn kòkòrò ajẹgirun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Pop |first1=Dana-Mihaela |last2=Timar |first2=Maria Cristina |last3=Varodi |first3=Anca Maria |last4=Beldean |first4=Emanuela Carmen |date=December 2021 |title=An evaluation of clove (''Eugenia caryophyllata'') essential oil as a potential alternative antifungal wood protection system for cultural heritage conservation |url=http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0718-221X2022000100411&amp;lng=es&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=es |journal=Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología |language=en |volume=24 |doi=10.4067/S0718-221X2022000100411 |s2cid=245952586 |issn=0718-221X|doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Won le lo kànáfùrù láti fi ṣe ohun olóòórùn àdídùn sínú [[ilé]] nígbà tí wọ́n bá pa á pọ̀ mọ́ [[ọsàn]] mímu.[[File:Seasonal clove buds drying on Pemba1.jpg|thumb|Cloves drying in sun]]


==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>n9ofzh3af33jysaf9om7ry7qlpltlku</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Khaled Habib</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75839</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637803</id>
      <parentid>630524</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T10:09:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637803</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4016" sha1="ens6g7aq2wpw5nldsogsyawr5ps3kg6" xml:space="preserve">T{{Infobox musical artist|Name=Khaled Habib El Kebich|Background=non_performing_personnel|image=Khaled El Kebich Director.jpg|image_size=|Landscape=&lt;!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank --&gt;|alt=|caption=|native_name=|native_name_lang=|Birth_name=Khaled Habib El Kebich|Alias=Khaled Habib|birth_date={{birth date and age|1970|01|24}}|birth_place=[[Tiaret]], [[Algeria]]|Origin=|death_date=&lt;!-- {{death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date 1st) --&gt;|death_place=|Genre=World Music, Algerian Music, Rock, Jazz, Blues|Occupation=Film Director, Singer, Songwriter, Composer, Actor|Instrument=Guitar, Bass, Piano|Years_active=1990-present|Label=|Associated_acts=|website=[http://www.reverbnation.com/habibmusic Sultan Music]}}

'''Khaled Habib El-Kebich''' (tí wọ́n bi ni osu kinni odun 1970, ni Tiaret, [[Àlgéríà|Algeria]] ) jẹ oludari ni kà nipa julọ fiimu Algeria kan, olupilẹṣẹ, akọrin-akọrin ati oṣere kan.

== Igbesi aye ibẹrẹ ==
O ṣe akojọpọ ati ṣe oriṣi orin ti o jẹ ti aṣa ati ti ode oni. O ti ṣe agbekalẹ akojọpọ orin ti ara ẹni ninu eyiti o dapọ awọn aza orin oriṣiriṣi awọn ọdún ni kà lati ọwọ́ yanju adegboyega nipa fifi bii orin lati gbogbo agbala aye ati ṣẹda aṣa orin alarinrin ati alailẹgbẹ eyiti o jẹ imotuntun ati imunilori. Orin rẹ ni a le ṣe apejuwe bi nini awọn ipa ti funk, [[jazz]], reggae, blues, ọkàn, awọn rhythmu Latin ati orin awọn eniyan lati awọn igun agbaye. Kanna kan si awọn apopọ ti awọn irinse pẹlu ohun gbogbo orisirisi lati ibile ilu to itanna ohun-capes.

== Iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ==
Aaye iṣẹ ọna Khaled El Kebich gbooro si awọn agbegbe akeko Ise awọn ofin ati ìyí ọ̀rọ̀ ti kikọ orin fun awọn fiimu ati awọn ere itage, gẹgẹbi La Celestina ti a ṣeto ni Royal Dramatic Theatre labẹ itọsọna ti Robert Lepage (1998), ati fiimu Nattbok nipasẹ Carl Henrik Svenstedt, &quot; Vingar av glas &quot;ati&quot; Capricciosa &quot;dari Reza Bagher,&quot;Huvudrollen&quot; nipa Leyla Assaf-Tangroth. Foursan Al Hoggar ti o jẹ oludari nipasẹ Kamal Laham ti a ṣe nipasẹ Samira Hadjdjilani/EPTV Telifisonu Algerian ati fiimu ẹya &quot;El Hanachia&quot; nipasẹ Boualem Aissaoui ti a ṣe nipasẹ CADC (Centre Algerian du development du cinema).

Lati awọn ohun orin orchestral brash egan si abẹ irẹwẹsi ká afowopaowo subliminal ati awọn awoara didan, Khaled El Kebich fiimu-orin ati igbelewọn jẹ imusin pẹlu awọn ohun-idunnu ẹdun ti o mu iṣẹ fiimu pọ si lakoko ti o faramọ ihuwasi orin deede.

Otitọ pe ara rẹ ni awọn gbongbo rẹ ni orin Algerian ti o dapọ pẹlu ọpọlọpọ awọn ọdún ni kà nipa julọ awọn itọsọna orin ti o yatọ ni apakan nitori pe o ti kọ ati ṣe pẹlu awọn ẹgbẹ ẹgbẹ ti o yatọ si oriṣiriṣi, gẹgẹbi Down By Law lati Ilu [[Itálíà|Italia]], Awọn ipele Tuntun lati South Africa, Aquarius lati France, Hada Raïna lati [[Swídìn|Sweden]], ati awọn miiran.

O tun ti ṣe alabapin ni awọn ajọdun European pataki gẹgẹbi: Falun Folkmusik Festival, Roskilde Festival, ArtGenda Festival, Stockholm Water Festival, [[Re:Orient Festival|Re: Orient Festival]], [[Folk o Folk Festival]], Verlden i Norden Festival, [[550 Fatih Istanbul Festival]] ati ọpọlọpọ awọn miran.

== Aworan aworan ==

* Awọn ẹrú ti Ominira, (Hada Raina) 1998
* Celestina, ọdun 2000
* [https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/khaled-habib-live/id304347152 Khaled Habib Live] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305033249/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/khaled-habib-live/id304347152 |date=2014-03-05 }}, 2003
* Ohùn ti a ya, Fiimu-orin 2004
* Nostalgia, ọdun 2004
* La Casbah De Brel ( Live) 2006
* Ultima Jam, ọdun 2007

== Filmography ==

* Knights of the Fantasia (2017)Aworan fiimu
* The Rug (2018)Aworan-fiimu

== Awọn itọkasi ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Ita ìjápọ ==

[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1970]]</text>
      <sha1>ens6g7aq2wpw5nldsogsyawr5ps3kg6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Igi ti o gbooro</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>75953</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637765</id>
      <parentid>630400</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:31:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637765</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3460" sha1="tf6a28euh3f8vn53nu938t4wqghms65" xml:space="preserve">
'''Igi gbooro''', '''ewe gbooro''', tabi igi '''gbooro''' jẹ igi eyikeyi laarin ẹgbẹ oniruuru botanical ti angiosperms ti o ni awọn ewe alapin ati mu awọn irugbin jade ninu awọn eso. O jẹ ọkan ninu awọn oriṣi awọn igi gbogbogbo meji, ekeji jẹ conifer, igi ti o ni abẹrẹ-bi tabi awọn ewe ti o ni iwọn ati awọn irugbin ti a gbe sinu awọn cones igi. &lt;ref&gt;[http://oregonstate.edu/trees/dichotomous_key/ Dichotomous Key.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210210161405/http://oregonstate.edu/trees/dichotomous_key/ |date=2021-02-10 }} Common Trees of the Pacific Northwest. College of Forestry, Oregon State University.&lt;/ref&gt; Awọn igi ti o gbooro ni a mọ nigba miiran bi '''igi lile''' . &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/docs/bro/bro50.pdf Broadleaved Trees: Unsung Component of British Columbia's Forests.] University of British Columbia.&lt;/ref&gt;

Pupọ julọ awọn igi deciduous jẹ awọn ewe gbooro  ṣugbọn diẹ ninu jẹ coniferous, bii awọn larch . &lt;ref&gt;[https://www.fs.usda.gov/rmrs/why-do-larches-turn-yellow Why do larches turn yellow?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118160139/https://www.fs.usda.gov/rmrs/why-do-larches-turn-yellow |date=2022-01-18 }} U.S. Department of Agriculture&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awọn iru igi ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Awọn oriṣi gbogbogbo meji ti awọn igi onigi 
! Gymnosperms (awọn irugbin irugbin kii ṣe aladodo)
! Angiosperms (awọn irugbin aladodo)
|-
| Coniferous (awọn obinrin ti o ni awọn cones ovulate ti o tu awọn irugbin ti ko ni pipade ni idagbasoke)
| Eso-eso (tito awọn irugbin laarin)
|-
| Nigbagbogbo alawọ ewe (diẹdiẹ ti n ta foliage silẹ, foliage alawọ ewe jakejado ọdun)
| Nigbagbogbo deciduous (sisọ gbogbo awọn foliage silẹ ni akoko, ko si foliage fun apakan ti ọdun)
|-
| Mọ bi softwoods (nonporous, igi ojo melo fẹẹrẹfẹ &amp; rirọ) &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), ''[https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fpl_gtr190.pdf Wood Handbook—Wood as an Engineering Material] {{Webarchive}}'', General Technical Report series, № FPL‑GTR‑190, Centennial ed. (Madison, Wis.: USDA Forest Service, FPL, 2010‑04), p. 2‑2.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Ti a mọ si awọn igi lile (igbekalẹ igi la kọja &amp; eka diẹ sii, igi ni gbogbogbo le) &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
|-
| Awọn ewe bii abẹrẹ tabi iwọn
| Awọn ewe gbooro
|-
| Awọn apẹẹrẹ: firs, spruces, pines
| Awọn apẹẹrẹ: hickories, maple, oaku
|}
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fáìlì:Chênes_Apremont_by_Rousseau_Louvre_RF1447_n1.jpg|alt=Chênes Apremont by Théodore Rousseau| ''Ilu Apremont''aamiThéodore Rousseau
Fáìlì:Maple_leaf_structure.jpg|alt=Maple leaves by autumn| Mapleleaves Igba Irẹdanu Ewe
Fáìlì:Enterolobium_cyclocarpum_in_Guanacaste.jpg|alt=Fig tree|Igiọpọ
Fáìlì:Apples.jpg|alt=Fruit of broad-leaved trees|Eso ti awon igi ti o wa
&lt;/gallery&gt;

* Brodleaf iwọn otutu ati awọn igbo ti o dapọ
* Adalu coniferous igbo
* Tropical ati subtropical gbígbẹ broadleaf igboIgi gbooro, ewe gbooro, tabi igi gbooro jẹ igi eyikeyi laarin ẹgbẹ oniruuru botanical ti angiosperms ti o ni awọn ewe alapin ati mu awọn irugbin jade ninu awọn eso. O jẹ ọkan ninu￼￼

* [https://cmg.extension.colostate.edu/Gardennotes/173.pdf Idanimọ Awọn igi Broadleaf ati Awọn meji.] CMG Garden Awọn akọsilẹ. Colorado State University Itẹsiwaju.</text>
      <sha1>tf6a28euh3f8vn53nu938t4wqghms65</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ahmed Musa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>76426</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637705</id>
      <parentid>612821</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T01:48:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637705</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17542" sha1="gvciuzz4n2bxfd9rwyymvvzh5u10ixn" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ahmed Musa 20180625.jpg|thumb|Ahmed Musa]]
{{Infobox football biography|name=Ahmed Musa|image= |caption=Musa training with [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]] at the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]]|full_name=Ahmed Musa&lt;ref name=&quot;FIFA&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF |title=2018 FIFA World Cup Russia – List of Players |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association |date=4 June 2018 |access-date=19 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180610160600/https://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FWC/2018/pdf/FWC_2018_SQUADLISTS.PDF |archive-date=10 June 2018 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{birth date and age|1992|10|14|df=y}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/5208/Ahmed-Musa/overview|title=Ahmed Musa: Overview|publisher=Premier League|access-date=30 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_place=[[Jos, Nigeria|Jos]], [[Plateau State|Plateau]], Nigeria|height=1.71 m&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.lcfc.com/players/5208/Ahmed-Musa/profile |title=Ahmed Musa |publisher=Leicester City F.C. |access-date=30 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012050433/https://www.lcfc.com/players/5208/Ahmed-Musa/profile |archive-date=12 October 2020 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|position=[[Winger (association football)|Winger]]|currentclub=|youthyears1=2005–2008|youthclubs1=GBS Football Academy|years1=2008–2010|clubs1=GBS Football Academy|caps1=0|goals1=0|years2=2008–2009|clubs2=→ [[JUTH F.C.|JUTH]] (loan)|caps2=18|goals2=4|years3=2009–2010|clubs3=→ [[Kano Pillars F.C.|Kano Pillars]] (loan)|caps3=25|goals3=18|years4=2010–2012|clubs4=[[VVV-Venlo]]|caps4=37|goals4=8|years5=2012–2016|clubs5=[[PFC CSKA Moscow|CSKA Moscow]]|caps5=125|goals5=42|years6=2016–2018|clubs6=[[Leicester City F.C.|Leicester City]]|caps6=21|goals6=2|years7=2018|clubs7=→ [[PFC CSKA Moscow|CSKA Moscow]] (loan)|caps7=10|goals7=6|years8=2018–2020|clubs8=[[Al Nassr FC|Al Nassr]]|caps8=50|goals8=9|years9=2021|clubs9=[[Kano Pillars F.C.|Kano Pillars]]|caps9=8|goals9=0|years10=2021–2022|clubs10=[[Fatih Karagümrük S.K.|Fatih Karagümrük]]|caps10=34|goals10=2|years11=2022–2024|clubs11=[[Sivasspor]]|caps11=19|goals11=0|years12=2024–|clubs12=[[Kano Pillars]]|caps12=2|goals12=1|nationalyears1=2011|nationalteam1=[[Nigeria national under-20 football team|Nigeria U20]]|nationalcaps1=6|nationalgoals1=3|nationalyears2=2011|nationalteam2=[[Nigeria national under-23 football team|Nigeria U23]]|nationalcaps2=1|nationalgoals2=1|nationalyears3=2010–|nationalteam3=[[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]]|nationalcaps3=109|nationalgoals3=16|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{fb|NGA}}}} 
{{Medal|Competition|[[Africa Cup of Nations]]}}
{{Medal|W|[[2013 Africa Cup of Nations|2013 South Africa]]|}}
{{Medal|RU|[[2023 Africa Cup of Nations|2023 Ivory Coast]]|}}|club-update=4 December 2023|nationalteam-update=17:30, 21 January 2024 (UTC)}}'''Ahmed Musa OON MON''' ( / ˈɑː x m ɛ d m uː sə / ⓘ&lt;/link&gt; ;  wọ́n bí i ní 14  Oṣù Kẹwàá, Ọdún 1992) jẹ [[Boolu-afesegba|agbábọọlu agbabọọlu]] ọmọ orílẹ̀ èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó ń ṣe bíi aṣíwájú àti àgbà fún [[Ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù-ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ ọmọorílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà|ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀èdè Nàìjíríà]] . Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún Kano Pillars ní NPFL.

Musa jẹ́ ọmọ Nàìjíríà àkọ́kọ́ tí ó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù sínú àwọ̀n ju ẹ̀ẹ̀kan  lọ ní ìdíje FIFA World Cup, lẹ́hìn tí ó gbá a wọlé lẹ́ẹ̀mejì sínú àwọ̀n [[Argentina]] ní [[2014 FIFA World Cup]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author1=Oluwashina Okeleji|title=World Cup 2014: Musa revels in Nigerian goals record|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28035927|access-date=26 June 2014|publisher=BBC Sport|date=26 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Musa tún jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀èdè Nàìjíríà àkọ́kọ́ tí ó kókó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù wọle sínú àwọ̀n nínú ìdíje FIFA World Cup méjì ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀, lẹ́hìn tí ó min àwọ̀n [[Iceland]] tí wọ́n wà ní ìpele kan náà ní [[2018 FIFA World Cup]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Vanguard&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Nigeria vs Iceland : Ahmed Musa first Nigerian to score at two World Cups|date=22 June 2018|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/06/nigeria-vs-iceland-ahmed-musa-first-nigerian-to-score-at-two-world-cups/|publisher=Vanguard|access-date=8 September 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pẹ̀lú àwọn ìfarahàn tí ó tó 108, ó jẹ́ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù Nàìjíríà julọ lati oṣù kọkànlá, ọdun 2021. Musa jẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù [[Saudi club]] [[Al Nassr]] tí ó bá gba [[Premier League Saudi]] àti [[Super Cup]], méjèèjì ní ọdún 2019.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=18 November 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==Ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù rẹ̀==

Musa bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní GBS Football Academy.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/3376/goalcom-youth-football/2010/11/13/2199634/goalcom-scouting-report-ahmed-musa-vvv-venlo-and-nigeria|title=Goal.com Scouting Report: Ahmed Musa – VVV Venlo and Nigeria|date=5 November 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

===Bí ó ṣe gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní Nàìjíríà===

Ni 2008, ni Musa lọ si [[JUTH FC]] &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.kanopillars.com/home/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=59:special-thanks-to-pillars-ahmad-musa&amp;catid=1:latest-news&amp;Itemid=1|title=The Official Website of Kano Pillars Football Club – Masu Gida}}{{Dead link|date=September 2019|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;níbi tí ó ti ṣe àwọn ere 18, ti o gba awọn ibi-afẹde mẹrin ni awọn akoko ọjọgbọn akọkọ meji fun Awọn Healers. Lẹhinna o ti ya awin si [[Kano Pillars F.C.|Kano Pillars FC]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://naijaligue.blogspot.com/2010/04/kano-pillars-is-bigger-than-me-ahmad.html|title=Nigerian Football League: Kano Pillars Is Bigger Than Me – Ahmad Musa|first=George|last=Akpayen|date=17 April 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni akoko 2009 – 10 nibiti o ti ṣeto igbasilẹ liigi ti o gba awọn ibi-afẹde pataki lọpọlọpọ bi Pillars ti pari ni ipo keji.

Musa ni igbasilẹ fun awọn ibi-afẹde ti o ga julọ ti o gba wọle ni akoko kan ninu itan-akọọlẹ ti Nigeria Premier League&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=1635|title=AHMED MUSA breaks Premier League Goals Record:: All Nigeria Soccer – The Complete Nigerian Football Portal}}&lt;/ref&gt; titi di Oṣu kọkanla ọdun 2011, nigbati Jude Aneke ti Kaduna United FC ṣeto igbasilẹ tuntun ti awọn ibi-afẹde 20.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/premier-league/news/2011/nov/02-aneke-sets-new-npl-goals-tally.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118043458/http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/nigeria/premier-league/news/2011/nov/02-aneke-sets-new-npl-goals-tally.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 November 2011|title=MTN Football}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== VVV-Venlo ===
Wọ́n ti gbé Musa lọ si [[Nẹ́dálándì|Dutch]] club VVV-Venlo ni igba ooru 2010,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://naijaligue.blogspot.com/2010/07/musa-leaves-for-vvv-venlo-in-fortnight.html|title=Nigerian Football League: Musa Leaves For VVV Venlo In Fortnight|first=George|last=Akpayen|date=29 July 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ṣugbọn gbigbe naa waye nitori pe o jẹ ọdun 17 nikan ati nitorina ko yẹ fun ITC ni ibamu pẹlu awọn ofin FIFA lọwọlọwọ.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/sports/9991-ahmed-musa-too-young-to-leave-for-europe Musa too young to leave for Europe] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100820101728/http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/sports/9991-ahmed-musa-too-young-to-leave-for-europe|date=20 August 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; O jẹ ẹtọ ni ifowosi lati ṣere fun VVV-Venlo ni ọjọ 14 Oṣu Kẹwa Ọdun 2010 nigbati o di ọdun 18 nikẹhin.

Kere ju ọsẹ kan lẹhin ti o de ile-igbimọ, Musa ṣe akọkọ rẹ fun VVV-Venlo lodi si FC Groningen ni 30 Oṣu Kẹwa. O bẹrẹ ere naa fun VVV-Venlo, jẹ aṣiṣe ni iṣẹju 50th ati gba ifẹsẹwọnsẹ kan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NPL 2009/10 exports shine abroad|url=https://supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/101230/NPL_200910_exports_shine_abroad|access-date=2021-06-01|website=supersport.com|language=en|archive-date=2 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214112/https://supersport.com/football/nigeria/news/101230/NPL_200910_exports_shine_abroad|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Rated by Goal.com amongst the Hot 100 young football stars in the world to watch in 2011,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/3376/goalcom-youth-football/2011/01/01/2284652/goalcom-hot-100-the-young-stars-to-look-out-for-in-2011|title=Goal.com Hot 100 – The Young Stars To Look Out For in 2011|date=31 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lolade Adewuyi of Goal.com put him on the list of Top Ten Nigerian International Players of 2010&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/84/africa/2010/12/30/2283874/goalcoms-top-ten-nigerian-players-of-2010|title=Goal.com's Top Ten Nigerian Players of 2010|date=30 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lolade Adewuyi of Goal.com put him on the list of Top Ten Nigerian International Players of 2010 and was also included in IFFHS list of the best 140 players in the world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=3374|title=AHMED MUSA and MIKEL OBI Make IFFHS World's Best Shortlist:: All Nigeria Soccer – The Complete Nigerian Football Portal}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ọjọ 8 Oṣu Kẹta Ọdun 2011, Ahmed Musa gba ami-ẹri AIT ti awọn agbabọọlu ọdun (ti orilẹ-ede). Ayeye na waye ni Presidential Hotel, [[Port Harcourt]], Ipinle Rivers. Eto naa ti peju sibi agbabọọlu agbabọọlu BBC ti ọdun, ọmọ orilẹede Ghana Asamoah Gyan ati awọn alaṣẹ agbabọọlu agbabọọlu Naijiria pẹlu aarẹ Aminu Maigari.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201103140568.html|title=Nigeria: AIT Awards – Rewarding Soccer Excellence|first=Peter|last=Edema|date=14 March 2011|publisher=AllAfrica}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ni Oṣu Kẹrin, oludari bọọlu ti Venlo Mario Captien sọ pe awọn aṣoju ti Tottenham Hotspur ti ṣabẹwo si ẹgbẹ naa nipa ẹrọ orin naa,&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.completesportsnigeria.com/news/2011/04/tottenham-interest-in-ahmed-musa-confirmed VVV Confirm Totenham interest in Ahmed Musa 8 April 2011] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110411051926/http://completesportsnigeria.com/news/2011/04/tottenham-interest-in-ahmed-musa-confirmed|date=11 April 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; tun Ajax scout [[Tijani Babangida]] sọ pe Ajax nifẹ Musa ṣugbọn pe abajade yoo pinnu ni opin akoko naa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.allnigeriasoccer.com/read_news.php?nid=4544|title=Ajax Scout, BABANGIDA: Nothing Concrete for AHMED MUSA:: All Nigeria Soccer – The Complete Nigerian Football Portal}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ni ọjọ 1 oṣu karun-un ọdun 2011, Musa lu àmúró kan lati rì Feyenoord 3–2 ati pe o pari eyikeyi awọn ibẹru igbaduro ti ifasilẹlẹ laifọwọyi lati Eredivisie.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sportinglife.com/football/news/story_get.cgi?STORY_NAME=soccer/11/05/01/SOCCER_VVV-Venlo_Nightlead.html&amp;BID=4|title=Sporting life: Musas treble downs feyenoord 01/05/2011}}{{dead link|date=March 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/story/0,,12040_6908342,00.html|title=Eredivisie round-up}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

Ni Oṣu Kẹjọ 2011, lẹhin ti o pada lati 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup ni Columbia, Musa ṣe ifarahan akọkọ ti akoko 2011-12 ni ile lodi si AFC Ajax o si gba awọn ibi-afẹde meji.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/946962/eredivisie-musa-double-pegs-back-ajax|title=Musa double pegs back Ajax}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Ni Oṣu Kẹsan alaga VVV-Venlo Hai Berden ṣalaye lori Eredivisie Live pe VVV-Venlo ti kọ ifilọ iṣẹju to kẹhin ti € 10&amp;nbsp;milionu fun Musa lati Bundesliga . Orukọ ẹgbẹ Bundesliga ko ṣe afihan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&amp;sl=nl&amp;u=http://www.elfvoetbal.nl/nieuws/140127_bundesliga-club-bood-tien-miljoen-euro-op-vvv-er-musa&amp;ei=GE9uTraMF9O3hAerv4WDDA&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=translate&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=1&amp;ved=0CBoQ7gEwAA&amp;prev=/search?q=Bundesliga-club+bood+tien+miljoen+euro+op+VVV%2527er+Musa&amp;hl=en&amp;biw=1919&amp;bih=982&amp;prmd=ivns|title=Google Translate}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== Pada si Kano Pillars ===
[[Fáìlì:Ahmed_Musa.jpg|thumb|281x281px|Musa playing for CSKA Moscow in 2012]]
Ni 23 Keje 2021, Musa darapọ mọ ẹgbẹ Turki Fatih Karagümrük,  fowo si iwe adehun ọdun meji kan. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Okeleji|first=Oluwashina|date=23 July 2021|title=Nigeria captain Musa seals European return|language=en-GB|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/57940707|access-date=2023-07-05}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹhin akoko kan, Musa fopin si adehun rẹ lori adehun adehun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/11/transfer-zone/2012/01/07/2834810/official-cska-moscow-sign-ahmed-musa-from-vvv-venlo-for-5|title=Official: CSKA Moscow sign Ahmed Musa from VVV-Venlo for €5 million {{!}} Goal.com|website=www.goal.com|language=en|access-date=2018-10-16}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==== Sivasspor ====
Ni ọjọ 2 Oṣu Kẹsan 2022, Musa fowo si gbigbe ọfẹ fun ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu Tọki Sivasspor lori adehun ọdun meji kan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-09-02|title=Ahmed Musa Demir Grup Sivasspor'umuzda - Demir Grup Sivasspor Kulübü Resmi İnternet Sitesi|url=https://www.sivasspor.org.tr/ahmed-musa-demir-grup-sivassporumuzda/|access-date=2023-07-05|language=tr|archive-date=2023-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611134837/https://www.sivasspor.org.tr/ahmed-musa-demir-grup-sivassporumuzda/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adehun rẹ ti fopin si adehun adehun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Amosu|first=Adeboye|date=2024-02-28|title=Musa Part Ways With Turkish Club Sivasspor|url=https://www.completesports.com/musa-part-ways-with-turkish-club-sivasspor/|access-date=2024-07-04|website=Complete Sports|language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ọjọ 5 Oṣu Kẹsan 2010, ni ọmọ ọdun 17, Musa ṣe akọbi rẹ fun ẹgbẹ agba ile Naijiria ni idije isọdọtun fun 2012 Africa Cup of Nations pẹlu Madagascar, nibiti o ti wa ni aropo fun [[John Obi Mikel|Mikel John Obi]] ni 2–0 bori. &lt;ref name=&quot;fifa&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/players/player=344714/profile-detail.html|archivedate=13 June 2014|title=Agmed MUSA|access-date=26 June 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140613014043/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/players/player=344714/profile-detail.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Musa gba ami ayo akọkọ wole fun Super Eagles ninu ifẹsẹwọnsẹ ọrẹrẹ pẹlu Kenya ni Oṣu Kẹta ọdun 2011.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |VVV-Venlo
|2010–11
|Eredivisie
|23
|5
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|4
|2
|27
|7
|-
|2011–12&lt;ref name=&quot;wf&quot; /&gt;
|Eredivisie
|14
|3
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|15
|3
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!37
!8
!1
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
!4
!2
!42
!10
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |CSKA Moscow
|2011–12
|RPL
|11
|1
|0
|0
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|13
|1
|-
|2012–13&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|RPL
|28
|11
|5
|4
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|35
|15
|-
|2013–14&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|RPL
|26
|7
|4
|1
|6
|1
|1
|0
|37
|9
|-
|2014–15&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|RPL
|30
|10
|2
|0
|6
|1
|1
|0
|39
|11
|-
|2015–16&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|RPL
|29
|13
|4
|1
|10
|4
|0
|0
|43
|18
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!124
!42
!15
!6
!26
!6
!2
!0
!167
!55
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Leicester City
|2016–17
|Premier League
|21
|2
|5
|2
|5
|0
|1
|0
|32
|4
|-
|2017–18&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Premier League
|0
|0
|1
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|1
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!21
!2
!6
!3
!5
!0
!1
!0
!33
!5
|-
|CSKA Moscow (loan)
|2017–18&lt;ref name=&quot;sw&quot; /&gt;
|RPL
|10
|6
|0
|0
|6
|1
|0
|0
|16
|7
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Al Nassr
|2018–19
|SPL
|24
|7
|3
|2
|0
|0
|4{{Efn|Appearances in [[Arab Club Champions Cup]]}}
|1
|31
|10
|-
|2019–20&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|SPL
|24
|2
|4
|2
|0
|0
|1
|0
|29
|4
|-
|2020–21&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|SPL
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!50
!9
!7
!4
!0
!0
!5
!1
!62
!14
|-
|[[Kano Pillars F.C.|Kano Pillars]]
|2020–21&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|NPL
|8
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|8
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Fatih Karagümrük
|2021–22&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Süper Lig
|31
|2
|3
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|34
|4
|-
|2022–23&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Süper Lig
|3
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|3
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!34
!2
!3
!2
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
!37
!4
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Sivasspor
|2022–23&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Süper Lig
|17
|0
|4
|0
|3
|0
|0
|0
|24
|0
|-
|2023–24&lt;ref name=&quot;sb&quot; /&gt;
|Süper Lig
|2
|0
|2
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|4
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!19
!0
!6
!1
!3
!0
!0
!0
!28
!1
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!303
!69
!38
!16
!40
!7
!12
!3
!393
!96
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1992]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:A kò tí ì ṣe àgbéyẹwò sí sí ojú-ewé ògbufọ̀ rẹ]]
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>gvciuzz4n2bxfd9rwyymvvzh5u10ixn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Frank Mugisha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>77713</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637748</id>
      <parentid>611858</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T06:44:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637748</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7995" sha1="g5gqbxiyybxl5k6qngmxk2tlaz7me5v" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Hillary Rodham Clinton with 2011 Human Rights Defender Award recipients (cropped) – Frank Mugisha.jpg|thumb| Frank Mugisha ni ọdun 2012.]]
'''Frank Mugisha''' (ti a bi ni ọjọ kẹtàdinlogun Ọṣù kẹfà ọdún 1979)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=LGBT History Month - Frank Mugisha - Ugandan Activist|url=https://www.eriegaynews.com/news/article.php?recordid=201510frankmugisha|accessdate=14 April 2023|website=Erie Gay News|date=October 2015|archive-date=18 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418132524/https://www.eriegaynews.com/news/article.php?recordid=201510frankmugisha|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Kjemper for homser med livet som innsats - fikk Rafto-prisen i kveld|url=https://www.nrk.no/urix/fikk-rafto-prisen-sondag-kveld-1.7865149|accessdate=14 April 2023|website=[[NRK]]|date=6 November 2011|language=no}}&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ agbẹjórò LGBT Ugandan ati Oludari Aláṣẹ ti Ibalopo Minorities Uganda (SMUG), tí ó ti gba Àamì Eye Awọn Eto Eda Eniyan Robert F. Kennedy ati Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize 2011 fun ijafafa rẹ. Mugisha jẹ ọkan ninu awọn agbẹnusọ olokiki julọ fun awọn ẹtọ LGBT ni Uganda .

== Ìgbésíayé ==
A bi Mugisha ni agbègbè kan ní [[Kampala]], [[Uganda]] . Ó dide ní ìdílé Catholic ti ó múná, ó jáde lọ sí ọdọ ẹgbọn rẹ ni ọmọ ọdún mérìnlá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last=Mugisha|first=Frank|title=Gay and Vilified in Uganda|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/23/opinion/gay-and-vilified-in-uganda.html?_r=2|accessdate=12 January 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=22 December 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìjádewá rẹ̀ mú kó yàgò kúrò lọ́dọ̀ àwọn mẹ́ńbà ìdílé kan, àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ àti ẹbí rẹ̀ ṣì ń bá a lọ láti tì í lẹ́yìn. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=O'Bryan|first=Will|title=In Harm's Way: In the Face of Fierce Homophobia, Frank Mugisha Is the Face of Gay Uganda|url=http://www.metroweekly.com/feature/?ak=6796|accessdate=12 January 2012|newspaper=MetroWeekly|date=23 November 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lákòókò ti o wa ni Ile-ẹkọ gíga ni ọdún 2004, o da [https://www.sigrid-rausing-trust.org/grantee/icebreakers-uganda/ Icebreakers] Uganda silẹ, agbari ti a ṣẹda bi nẹtiwọọki àtìlẹ́yìn fun àwon ara ilu LGBT Ugandan ti o jade tàbí ní ìlànà wíwà jáde si ẹbí ati awọn ọrẹ. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20130605071516/http://rfkcenter.org/ugandan-lgbti-rights-activist-frank-mugisha-to-receive-2011-robert-f-kennedy-human-rights-award&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Mugisha ni bayi ni Olùdarí  ti SMUG, agboorun agbari ti o ni awọn ẹgbẹ mejidilogun, pẹlu Icebreakers Uganda. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;http://www.sexualminoritiesuganda.com/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

Mugisha tí ní àpónlé nipasẹ UN - Akowe Gbogbogbò. Tí a ṣe àkójọ nínú Iwe irohin Advocate, Awọn olominira, ti o ni ọla nipasẹ [https://www.bet.com/ Black Entertainment Television] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108160854/https://www.bet.com/ |date=2021-11-08 }} - BET ati Mugisha ti a npè ni nipasẹ #POWER10: láàrin awọn ènìyàn Black LGBTQ ti o ni ipa julọ ni 2014. &lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20150106212915/http://www.scamtoradar.com/2014/12/10-most-influential-black-lgbtq-in-2014.html&lt;/ref&gt;

Mugisha jẹ ọrẹ to sunmọ pẹlu alagbawi ẹlẹgbẹ ati Olùdásílẹ̀ SMUG David Kato, ẹniti wọn pa ni Oṣu Kini ọdún 2011 lẹhin ti o ṣaṣeyọri tabloid kan ti a npè ni ''Rolling Stone'' fun titẹjade àwọn orukọ ti 100 LGBT Ugandans pẹlu ìwúrí lati “fi wọn kọ”. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/2011/01/04/court-affirms-rights-of-ugandan-gays/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Mugisha jẹ ọkan ninu àwọn olufisun lati SMUG ti o jẹ aṣojú nípasẹ Ile-iṣẹ fun Àwon ẹtọ t'olofin nípa lilo Ìlànà Alien Tort lati fi ẹsùn ìhìnrere Amẹrika Scott Lively fun awọn iwa-ipa si eda eniyan fun iṣẹ rẹ lori Òfin ìbálòpọ̀ òṣèlú tí Uganda, &lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|publisher=theguardian.com|date=March 21, 2014|accessdate=March 21, 2014|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/mar/20/gay-ugandan-law-tyrannise-life-anti-homosexuality-act|title=I am a gay Ugandan about to go home. This law will tyrannise my life.}}&lt;/ref&gt; iṣẹ ti a ṣe àpèjúwe bi kikọ inunibini ti awọn ọkunrin onibaje ati awọn obinrin aṣebiakọ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/15/us/ugandan-gay-rights-group-sues-scott-lively-an-american-evangelist.html|title=Ugandan Gay Rights Group Sues U.S. Evangelist|date=March 14, 2012|accessdate=March 21, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; ti nṣiṣe lọwọ ati ni ìgbìyànjú lati ṣe awọn ẹtọ miiran ti awọn eniyan miiran. [eyi] ni itumọ inunibini”. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ugandan LGBTQ org sues U.S. evangelist for inciting persecution|url=http://feministing.com/2012/03/15/ugandan-lgbtq-org-sues-u-s-evangelist-for-inciting-persecution/|date=March 15, 2012|accessdate=March 21, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Suit Alleges Evangelist Violated International Law by Waging an Anti-Gay Campaign in Uganda|url=http://www.abajournal.com/news/article/suit_alleges_evangelist_violated_international_law_by_waging_an_anti-gay_ca/|date=March 15, 2012|accessdate=March 21, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni Oṣu Kẹjọ ọdun 2013, Adajọ Ile-ẹjọ Agbegbe Federal ti AMẸRIKA [[:en:Michael_Ponsor|Michael A. Ponsor]] pinnu pé àwọn olufisun wa lori ilẹ ti o lágbára labẹ ofin káríayé ati ti ijọba àpapọ̀ ni kiko ipenija ẹjọ si ẹjọ naa; o tun pase wipe First Atunse defenses fun Lively ká iwa wà tọjọ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Crimes against humanity lawsuit against anti-gay evangelist Pastor Scott Lively, of Springfield, advances in federal court|url=http://www.masslive.com/news/index.ssf/2013/08/crimes_against_humanity_lawsui.html|date=August 19, 2013|accessdate=March 21, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kikọ ni ''[[The Guardian]]'' ni 2014, Mugisha jiyàn pe ilopọ ati ikorira ti o wa lẹhin  wa lati awọn ipa ti oorun: &quot;E mi jẹ onibaje. Emi tun jẹ Ugandan. Ko si ohun ti ko jẹ ọmọ Afirika nipa mi. Uganda ni ibi ti àti bi mi, dagba ati pe ile mi. O tun jẹ orilẹ-ede ti mo ti di diẹ sii ju ọdaran ti o fẹ Uganda ti o fẹ mi. ilopọ kii ṣe agbewọle iwọ-oorun ati awọn ọrẹ wa ni agbaye ti o dagbasoke lati ṣe akiyesi pe aṣa ilopọ lọwọlọwọ jẹ.” &lt;ref name=&quot;Guardian&quot;/&gt;

== Idanimọ ==
Mugisha ni a fun ni 2011 Robert F. Kennedy ẹ̀ye Awọn ẹtọ Eda Eniyan ati 2011 Rafto Prize &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20141008233851/http://rafto.no/page/820/The_Rafto_Prize&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; fun iṣẹ rẹ ti n lepa awọn ẹtọ LGBT ni Uganda. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;http://rfkcenter.org/frank-mugisha-uganda&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=The 2011 Rafto Prize to Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG) and their leader Frank Mugisha|url=http://www.rafto.no/?page=55&amp;news=233|accessdate=12 January 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; O tun gba oye dókítà ti University of Ghent . &lt;ref&gt;http://rfkcenter.org/frank-mugisha-uganda&lt;/ref&gt; Mugisha jẹ oludibo 2014 fun [[Ẹ̀bùn Àláfíà Nobel|Ebun Nobel Alafia]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/collecties/archief/geschiedenis/overzichten/eredoctoren.htm |access-date=2025-07-06 |archive-date=2017-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516141357/https://www.ugent.be/nl/univgent/collecties/archief/geschiedenis/overzichten/eredoctoren.htm |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ni ọdun 2017, Mugisha wa ninu atokọ ''Iwe irohin Fortune'' ti awọn oludari nla julọ ni agbaye. &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20170325023940/http://fortune.com/worlds-greatest-leaders/frank-mugisha-44/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* Stella Nyazi
* Pepe Julian Onziema

== Awọn itọkasi ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1979]]</text>
      <sha1>g5gqbxiyybxl5k6qngmxk2tlaz7me5v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ibrahim Musa Gusau</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>78381</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637760</id>
      <parentid>622015</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:07:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637760</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3606" sha1="90ctroguop9bi29oy7mrrt07dtzb62e" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox officeholder|name=Ibrahim Musa Gusau|honorific_prefix=|honorific_suffix=|image=Ibrahim musa gusau portrait.jpg|imagesize=|caption=Official portrait, 2022|alt=|office=President of the [[Nigeria Football Federation]]|term_start=11 October 2022|term_end=|predecessor=[[Amaju Pinnick]]|successor=|birth_name=Ibrahim Musa Gusau|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1964|3|1}}|birth_place=[[Zamfara State]], Nigeria|death_date=|death_place=|nationality=[[Nigerian]]|citizenship=|spouse=|party=|parents=|children=7|alma_mater=|residence=Nigeria|occupation={{plainlist|
*Football administrator
*Accountant
}}|website=}}

'''Ibrahim Musa Gusau''' (ti a bi ní ọjọ kínní oṣù kẹta ọdún 1964) &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=The East Asian Football Federation/Asian Football Confederation}}https://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203066430-45&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ olùdarí eré ìdárayá lorilẹ-ede [[Ọmọ Nàìjíríà|Naijiria]], ti o ti ṣiṣẹ gẹ́gẹ́bí ààrẹ Ẹgbẹ Bọọlu afẹsẹgba Naijiria (NFF) láti ọdún 2022. O jẹ alága tẹlẹ rí ti Federation Athletics Federation of Nigeria (AFN), &lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20221006025500/https://editor.guardian.ng/news/why-i-want-to-govern-zamfara-by-gusau/&lt;/ref&gt; alága tẹlẹ rí ti Ẹgbẹ Bọọlu Zamfara, ọmọ ẹgbẹ igbimọ ti Confederation of African Footballizing (CAF), ati ọmọ ẹgbẹ igbimọ ti CAF .

Apejọ idibo kejidinlọgọrin ti ajọ agbábọ́ọlu Nàìjíríà ti yán an gẹgẹ bi ààrẹ ogójì 40th ti àjọ náà ati arọ́pò fún Amaju Pinnick . &lt;ref&gt;https://guardian.ng/sport/football/ibrahim-gusau-is-new-nff-president/&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;https://thenationonlineng.net/breaking-gusau-elected-new-nff-president/&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/10/10-things-to-know-about-new-nff-president-ibrahim-gusau/&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://gazettengr.com/ibrahim-gusau-elected-new-nff-president/ |access-date=2025-09-23 |archive-date=2024-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241222235150/https://gazettengr.com/ibrahim-gusau-elected-new-nff-president/ |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ==
Gusau ṣiṣẹ gẹgẹ bi alága ẹgbẹ agbábọ́ọlu nipinlẹ Zamfara o si ti ṣiṣẹ gẹgẹ bi ọmọ ẹgbẹ CAF ti Igbimọ Organizing Committee fún ìdíje Àwọn orílẹ-èdè Afirika. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/cjl7j8rwgk1o.amp&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://soccernet.ng/2022/09/nff-chairman-of-chairmen-ibrahim-gusau-emerges-pinnicks-successor.html |access-date=2025-09-23 |archive-date=2026-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260311161240/https://soccernet.ng/2022/09/nff-chairman-of-chairmen-ibrahim-gusau-emerges-pinnicks-successor.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ni ọgbọ̀njọ́ Oṣu Kẹsan, ọdún 2022, Gusau ni a yán gẹgẹbi ààrẹ Ẹgbẹ agbábọ́ọlu afẹsẹgba Nàìjíríà lakoko Àpéjọ Gbogboògbò Ọdọọdun ẹlẹ́ẹ́kejìdínlọ́gọ́rin NFF ti o wáyé ni Ìlú Benin, [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Edo|Ipinlẹ̀ Edo]] .  &lt;ref&gt;https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/articles/cjl7j8rwgk1o&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://dailytrust.com/just-in-ibrahim-gusau-set-to-emerge-nff-president |access-date=2025-09-23 |archive-date=2024-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302123647/https://dailytrust.com/just-in-ibrahim-gusau-set-to-emerge-nff-president/ |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awọn itọkasi ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1964]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]</text>
      <sha1>90ctroguop9bi29oy7mrrt07dtzb62e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Emmanuel Yeboah (sprinter)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>78436</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637744</id>
      <parentid>627621</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T05:58:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637744</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1356" sha1="3q2g9iv7wleptmsko2kppk3r8etbsh0" xml:space="preserve"> 

'''Emmanuel Yeboah''' (ti a bi ní ọjọ́ kẹwa Oṣu Kẹjọ ọdun 1997) jẹ asáré ọmọ ìlú Ghana kan, ti o n díje lọwọlọwọ ni Ile-ẹkọ giga Texas A&amp;amp;amp;M . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ẹda pamosi |url=https://12thman.com/sports/mens-track-and-field/roster/emmanuel-yeboah/9534 |access-date=2025-09-26 |archive-date=2025-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124205533/https://12thman.com/sports/mens-track-and-field/roster/emmanuel-yeboah/9534 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Yeboah ni a yan lati ṣoju Ghana ni [[Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020|Olimpiiki Igba ooru 2020]] ni isọdọtun 4 × 100 m Awọn ọkunrin . &lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20210804160240/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1894884-yeboah-emmanuel.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awọn itọkasi ==
{{Reflist}}

== Ita ìjápọ ==

* [https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1894884-yeboah-emmanuel.htm Emmanuel Yeboah] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804160240/https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/athlete-profile-n1894884-yeboah-emmanuel.htm |date=2021-08-04 }} Archived   ni Olimpiiki Tokyo 2020
* Emmanuel Yeboah  
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1997]]</text>
      <sha1>3q2g9iv7wleptmsko2kppk3r8etbsh0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cardi B</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>79811</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637729</id>
      <parentid>616973</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T04:00:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637729</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10716" sha1="e66y1zw6gb0pp43j7lqct6ktkqefbvj" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox person
| name               = Cardi B
| image              = Cardi B March 2024.png &lt;!-- Please do not change the lead image until image RFC is over --&gt;
| caption            = Cardi B in 2024
| birth_name         = Belcalis Marlenis Almánzar
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|1992|10|11}}
| birth_place        = [[New York City]], U.S.&lt;!--No boroughs/neighborhoods, just cities per format.--&gt;
| other_names        = Belcalis Almánzar-Cephus
| education          = &lt;!-- Per MOS:INFOEDU, for graduates of post-secondary schools only --&gt;
| occupation         = {{flatlist|
* Rapper&lt;!--As given in the lead; only the profession(s) for which the subject is notable per multiple reliable sources--&gt;
}}
| children           = 4
| years_active       = 2015–present
| spouse             = {{marriage|[[Offset (rapper)|Offset]]|2017|2023|reason=sep.}}
| partner            = [[Stefon Diggs]] (2025{{endash}}2026)
| relatives          = {{plainlist|
* [[Hennessy Carolina Almánzar|Hennessy Carolina]] (sister)
* [[GloRilla]] (cousin)
}}
| awards             = [[List of awards and nominations received by Cardi B|Full list]]
| module             = {{Infobox musical artist
| embed      = yes
| genre      = {{hlist|[[East Coast hip-hop]]|[[Trap music|trap]]|[[dirty rap]]}}
| instrument = Vocals
| label      = [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]]
| website    = {{URL|Cardib.com}}
}}
| signature          = Cardi B sig.svg
}}

'''Belcalis Marlenis Almánzar''' (tí a mọ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ sí '''Cephus'''; tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù kẹwàá, ọdún 1992), tí a mọ̀ sí '''Cardi B''' ní iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, jẹ́ olórin rap [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|ará Amẹ́ríkà]] . A bí i ní [[New York|ìlú New York]] tí a sì tọ́ ọ dàgbà, a mọ̀ ọ́n fún orin rap tó ń ru ìfẹ́ sókè àti àwọn orin rẹ̀ tó ń sọ dáadáa. Láti ìgbà tí ó ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ orin rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2016 àti láti gbé àwọn àwo orin méjì àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ jáde, wọ́n ti sọ̀rọ̀ nípa Cardi B fún ipa tí ó kó nínú ṣíṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ láti mú kí àwọn akọrin olórin obìnrin pọ̀ sí i nínú orin olókìkí.

== Ìgbésí ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
A bi Belcalis Marlenis Almánzar ni ọjọ kọkanla oṣu kẹwa ọdun 1992, ni agbegbe [[:en:Manhattan|Manhattan]] ti [[New York|ilu New York]]. Bàbá rẹ̀ Carlos wá láti {{ill|Dominican Republic|en}} ìyá rẹ̀ Clara sì wá láti {{ill|Trinidad and Tobago|en}} ; Almánzar ṣẹ̀dá orúkọ orí ìtàgé &quot;Cardi B&quot; gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtọ́kasí sí [[:en:Bacardi|Bacardi]], orúkọ ìrún tí ó jẹ́ orúkọ àpèlé rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=April 2, 2021 |title=Cardi B talks of her 'Afro-Latina' roots to educate people on race and nationality |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/life-style/cardi-b-talks-of-her-afro-latina-roots-to-educate-people-on-race-and-nationality-7255782/lite/ |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó ní àbúrò obìnrin kan, Hennessy Carolina, tí wọ́n bí ní ọdún 1995. Ó lọ sí Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga Renaissance fún Musical Theatre &amp; Technology, ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga iṣẹ́-ọnà kan ní Belcalis, níbi tí ó ti sọ [[:en:Spanish language|èdè Spanish]] àti [[èdè Gẹ̀ẹ́sì|Gẹ̀ẹ́sì]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ebony.com/news/cardi-b-emotional-talking-students-high-school/|title=Cardi B Gets Emotional Talking to Students at Her High School |work=Ebony |date=November 30, 2018 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nígbà tí ó jẹ́ ọ̀dọ́langba, Cardi B ṣiṣẹ́ ní ilé ìtajà oúnjẹ kan ní Tribeca. Wọ́n lé e kúrò ní iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, ó sì di oníjó ní ilé ìtura kan ní òdìkejì òpópónà. Ó sọ pé òun di olè láti sá fún ipò òṣì àti ìwà ipá ilé, nítorí pé òun ti wà nínú ìbáṣepọ̀ oníwà ipá nígbà tí wọ́n lé òun kúrò nílé ìyá òun, àti pé ṣíṣí kúrò nílé ni ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo tí òun lè gbà rí owó tó láti sá fún ipò náà kí òun sì gba ìwé ẹ̀rí. Ó lọ sí Borough of Manhattan Community College kí ó tó fi ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ sílẹ̀ nígbẹ̀yìn-gbẹ́yín. Nígbà tí ó ń bọ́ aṣọ, Cardi B purọ́ fún ìyá rẹ̀ nípa sísọ fún un pé òun ń rí owó gbà láti ọ̀dọ̀ ìtọ́jú ọmọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Decker&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/g20634894/cardi-b-trivia-facts/|title=You Definitely Didn't Know These Fun Facts About Cardi B|last=Decker|first=Megan|date=May 14, 2018|magazine=Harper's BAZAAR|language=en-US|access-date=May 7, 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.popsugar.com/celebrity/Who-Cardi-B-43830130 |title=7 Fun Facts About Cardi B, the Feminist Rapper Taking Over the Music Industry |first=Terry |last=Carter |website=Popsugar.com |date=August 2, 2018 |access-date=October 27, 2018 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;


Ní ọdún 2013, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gbajúmọ̀ nítorí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ fídíò rẹ̀ tó ń tàn káàkiri lórí ìkànnì àwùjọ, lórí Vine àti ojú ìwé [[:en:Instagram|Instagram]] rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;fader1&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|author=Kameir, Rawiwa|date=June 22, 2017|title=Cardi B Did It Her Way|url=http://www.thefader.com/2017/06/22/cardi-b-cover-story-interview|magazine=The Fader|access-date=July 17, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ==
Ìkọsílẹ ìkọlẹ̀ ìkọlẹ́kọ́ rẹ̀, ''Invasion of Privacy (2018)'', tẹ̀síwájú lórí Billboard 200 tó ní àwọn orin obìnrin tó ń jáde lọ́sẹ̀-ọsẹ̀ tó sì di èyí tó ta jù lọ àti èyí tó gba ẹ̀rí jù lọ fún àwọn obìnrin tó ń kọ rap ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún.&lt;ref name=&quot;tnyt&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/10/arts/music/cardi-b-invasion-of-privacy-review.html|title=Cardi B Is a New Rap Celebrity Loyal to Rap's Old Rules on 'Invasion of Privacy'|last=Caraminaca|first=Jon|date=April 10, 2018|work=The New York Times|access-date=April 15, 2018 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; O jẹ́ kí Cardi B gbà akọrin àkọkọ ni ìtàn látí gbà {{ill|Grammy Awards|en}} fun Best Rap Album.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.billboard.com/pro/cardi-b-beyonce-the-most-simultaneous-hot-100-hits-women/|title=Cardi B Bests Beyonce for the Most Simultaneous Hot 100 Hits Among Women|last=Trust|first=Gary|date=March 16, 2018|magazine=Billboard|accessdate=March 16, 2018 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ẹ́gbẹ́kẹ́tá US-ẹ́gbẹ́kẹ́lè rẹ̀, ìṣọ̀kan ''Girls Like You'' ni ọdún 2018, jẹ́ kí o jẹ́ obìnrin àkọ́kọ́ rapper látí gbà ọ̀pọlọ́pọ̀ àwọn ẹrù diamond RIAA. Àkọsílẹ̀ kejì Cardi B, ''Am I the Drama?  (2025)'', jẹ́ kí òun nìkan ni obìnrin rapper nínú ìtàn tó ní àkọ́kọ́ àwọn àwo orin méjì tó kọ́kọ́ jáde lórí [[:en:US Billboard 200|Billboard 200]]. O dị album rap obìnrin ti o ni ẹ́rì ti o gá jù ti àwọn ọdún 2020, ọsẹ ti o gá jù ni àwọn ọsẹ 22 nínú àwọn ịwé-ẹ̀rì 22. Cardi B ni obìnrin rapper tó ní iye-ò-kan (ò-jò-ò-jò) tó ga jù lọ nínú [[:en:US Billboard Hot 100|Billboard Hot 100]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |last=Caulfield |first=Keith |date=September 28, 2025 |title=Cardi B Scores Second No. 1 Album on Billboard 200 With 'AM I THE DRAMA?' |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/chart-beat/cardi-b-am-i-the-drama-numer-one-billboard-200-chart-1236077406/ |access-date=September 28, 2025 |magazine=[[:en:Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó tún di rapper obìnrin tó ga jù lọ láyé àtijọ́ ní ọjà díjítálì Améríkà (ìyẹn mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìndínláàádọ́rin). Láfikún síì, ''Invasion of Privacy'' ni àkọsílẹ̀ rap ti obìnrin tó gbajúmọ̀ jù lọ lórí [[:en:Apple Music|Apple Music]] àti [[:en:Spotify|Spotify]]. 

Cardi B ti gba àmì ẹ̀yẹ Grammy, àmì ẹ̀bùn orin orin Billboard ti o dara jù (8), {{ill|Guinness World Records|en}} [en] (8), BET Hip Hop Awards (14), ati ASCAP Songwriter of the Year awards (2) laarin awọn obinrin rapper, mẹfa American Music Awards ati mẹrin MTV Video Music Awards.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=December 21, 2018 |title=10 record-breaking celebrity achievements from 2018 |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2018/12/10-record-breaking-celebrity-achievements-from-2018-552082/ |access-date=May 1, 2022 |website=Guinness World Records|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Most RIAA Diamond singles for a female artist |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/692097-most-riaa-diamond-singles-for-a-female-artist |access-date=May 1, 2022 |website=Guinness World Records|date=February 6, 2022 |language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ojo Times ti ṣé atókọ rẹ̀ bi ọkàn nínú àwọn ènìyàn 100 ti o ni ipá júlọ ni àgbáyé ni ọdún 2018, làkọ́kọ́ ti Billboard ti pé o ni &quot;obìnrin ti ọdún&quot; ni ọdún 2020 ati yàn àwọn ikọlù àṣírí bi àwọn agbasọ rap obìnrin ti o gá jù ni ọdún 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/awards/9418384/cardi-b-first-woman-repeat-songwriter-of-the-year-ascap-rhythm-soul-awards|title=Cardi B Is First Woman to Repeat as Songwriter of the Year at ASCAP's Rhythm &amp; Soul Awards|magazine=Billboard|date=July 15, 2020|language=en|access-date=March 17, 2026|archivedate=July 16, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716004827/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/awards/9418384/cardi-b-first-woman-repeat-songwriter-of-the-year-ascap-rhythm-soul-awards|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìbálòpọ̀ tó dára ==
Ọdún 2017 ni Cardi B bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í fẹ́ rapper [[:en:Offset|Offset]] tí wọ́n sì ṣègbéyàwó, ó sì bí ọmọbìnrin kan ní ọdún 2018. Ní ọdún 2020, ó ròyìn pé ó ti fẹ́ ìkọ̀sílẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Cardi B announces birth of daughter on Instagram|url=https://abcnews.go.com/amp/Entertainment/wireStory/cardi-announces-birth-daughter-instagram-56511854|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713233411/https://abcnews.go.com/amp/Entertainment/wireStory/cardi-announces-birth-daughter-instagram-56511854|archive-date=July 13, 2018|access-date=July 11, 2018|work=ABC News |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cardi B tún ti fara hàn nínú àwọn fíìmù tó ń gbéni ró.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=September 15, 2020|title=Cardi B files for divorce from Offset after 3 years of marriage|url=https://www.eonline.com/au/news/1188154/cardi-b-files-for-divorce-from-offset-after-3-years-of-marriage|website=eonline.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>e66y1zw6gb0pp43j7lqct6ktkqefbvj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Elaine Hendrix</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>79851</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637742</id>
      <parentid>618851</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T05:55:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637742</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5112" sha1="k5r6i8sd0eqhbf4z39zio830mbwtg36" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Elaine Hendrix
| image              = Elaine Hendrix at 2015 ATX TV Festival.jpg
| caption            = Hendrix at the 2015 [[ATX Television Festival]]
| birth_name         = Katherine Elaine Hendrix
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1970|12|28}}
| birth_place        = [[Oak Ridge, Tennessee]], U.S.
| death_date         = 
| occupation         = {{hlist|Actress, dancer}}
| years_active       = 1992–present
| website            = {{URL|elainehendrix.com}}
| relatives          = [[Harrison Smith]] (cousin)
}}

'''Katherine Elaine Hendrix''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejìlá, ọdún 1970)&lt;ref name=HuffPost /&gt;&lt;ref name=TVG&gt;{{cite magazine|url=http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/elaine-hendrix/bio/148766/|title=Elaine Hendrix Biography|magazine=[[TV Guide]]|archive-date=September 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905100217/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/elaine-hendrix/bio/148766/|url-status=dead|access-date=March 22, 2026|archivedate=September 5, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905100217/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/elaine-hendrix/bio/148766/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ́ òṣèré àti oníjó ará orílè-èdè [[Amẹ́ríkà]]. Ó di gbajúmò nínú eré fíìmù látàrí Ìfarahàn nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ fíìmù l'ori tẹlifíṣọ̀n ní ọdún 1990 kí ó tó di pé ó kópa nínú fíìmù apanilẹ́rìn-ín The Parent Trap (1998). Lórí tẹlifíṣọ̀n, Hendrix fara hàn nínú Joan of Arcadia (2003–2005), 90210 (2010–2011), Sex &amp; Drugs &amp; Rock &amp; Roll (2015–2016), Proven Innocent (2019), lẹ́yìn náà ó gba àfiyèsí tuntun fún dídá ara rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Alexis Carrington Colby nínú CW soap opera Dynasty (2019–2022).
== Ìgbésí ayé ìbéèrè ==
A bí Hendrix ní ìlú Oak Ridge, Tennessee.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.knoxnews.com/picture-gallery/entertainment/movies/2020/02/05/photos-knoxville-actress-elaine-hendrix-through-years/4434133002/|title=Photos: Knoxville actress Elaine Hendrix through the years|date=February 5, 2020|newspaper=[[Knoxville News Sentinel]]|location=Tennessee|access-date=July 19, 2020|archive-date=July 19, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200719191207/https://www.knoxnews.com/picture-gallery/entertainment/movies/2020/02/05/photos-knoxville-actress-elaine-hendrix-through-years/4434133002/|url-status=live|quote=Hendrix, who was born in Oak Ridge...|archivedate=July 19, 2020|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20200719191207/https://www.knoxnews.com/picture-gallery/entertainment/movies/2020/02/05/photos-knoxville-actress-elaine-hendrix-through-years/4434133002/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url= https://www.knoxnews.com/story/entertainment/2016/07/14/oak-ridge-native-actress-elaine-hendrix-relishes-role-on-sexdrugsrockroll/91016788/|date=July 14, 2016|title=Oak Ridge native, actress Elaine Hendrix relishes role on 'Sex&amp;Drugs&amp;Rock&amp;Roll'|first=Maggie |last=Jones|newspaper=Knoxville News Sentinel|location= Tennessee|access-date= July 19, 2020|archive-date=July 19, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200719190841/https://www.knoxnews.com/story/entertainment/2016/07/14/oak-ridge-native-actress-elaine-hendrix-relishes-role-on-sexdrugsrockroll/91016788/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bàbá rẹ̀ ń ṣiṣẹ́ lákòókò Ogun Vietnam nígbà tí wọ́n bí i. Ìyá rẹ̀ sọ ọ́ ní Katherine, ṣùgbọ́n ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ìbátan rẹ̀ ló pè é ní orúkọ àbí so rẹ̀, àṣà náà sì dì ohùn ti a mọ́ ọn.&lt;ref name=HuffPost&gt;{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/ilana-rapp/stagefilmtv-actress-elain_b_3738115.html|title=Stage/Film/TV Actress Elaine Hendrix Started The Pet Matchmaker - Part II|last=Rapp| first=Ilana|date=August 13, 2013|magazine=[[Huffington Post|HuffPost]]|language=en-US|archive-date=October 24, 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191024033350/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/stagefilmtv-actress-elain_b_3738115|url-status=live|quote=The upside to having a birthday three days after Christmas and three days before New Years is that no one forgets it.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìṣẹ́ oníjó ==
Nígbà tí ó wà ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ gíga, Hendrix jáwé olúborí níbi ìdíje ìwárí àwọn oníṣẹ́ ijó, ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ bí oníjó pẹ̀lú ilé-iṣẹ́ Gary Harrison Dance Company. Kò pẹ́ sígbà náà tí ó fi ń jó fún àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ bíi Nike, [[Levi's]], [[Mattel]], àti [[Sun Microsystems]], àti fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn olórin hip-hop bí Whodini, Keith Sweat àti MC Hammer.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last1=Cristi|first1=Andrew|date=2016-07-28|title=BEAUTY &amp; THE BEAT; Actress and Activist ELAINE HENDRIX Gives A Dynamic Performance All Women Must See On FX's SEX&amp;DRUGS&amp;ROCK&amp;ROLL!|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/beauty-the-beat-actress-and-activist-elaine-hendrix_b_5799ffb1e4b0b3e2427dc326|access-date=2020-08-06|website=HuffPost|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí==
{{reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>k5r6i8sd0eqhbf4z39zio830mbwtg36</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Juliet Chibuta</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80098</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637796</id>
      <parentid>619096</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:41:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637796</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6156" sha1="e7azbzb65qro1dtttgznfz8sl0hk8le" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=Juliet Kaira Chibuta|birth_place=Zambia|citizenship=Zambian|occupation=Women's rights activist; journalist|known_for=Advocacy for women's political participation in Zambia|title=Executive Director of Zambia National Women’s Lobby|years_active=2000s–present|employer=Zambia National Women’s Lobby (ZNWL)|organizations=Zambia National Women’s Lobby; NGOCC; Women For Change}}

'''Juliet Kaira Chibuta''' jẹ́ ajàfẹ́tọ́ àwọn obìnrin ní Zambia. Láti ọdún 2012 ni ó ti jẹ́ olùdarí àgbà fún Zambia National Women’s Lobby (ZNWL). 

== Ìgbésí ayé ==
Juliet Chibuta ti jẹ́ oníròyìn tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Ìwé ìròyìn ojoojúmọ́ Zambia &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Moses Walubita|title=Reminiscing my days at Zambia Daily Mail|newspaper=Zambia Daily Mail|date=9 May 2020|url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/reminiscing-my-days-at-zambia-daily-mail/|access-date=14 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2015, Chibuta kìlọ̀ pé ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn olùdìbò ní Zambia, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn obìnrin, ni wọ́n ń kọ̀ láti gba ẹ̀tọ́ wọn nítorí àwọn òfin lórí yíyípadà káàdì àwọn olùdìbò. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Mwape Mwenya|title=Many Zambians disenfranchised – NGO|newspaper=Zambian Daily Mail|date=21 January 2015|url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/many-zambians-disenfranchised-ngo/|access-date=14 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2015, Chibuta ké sí àwọn obìnrin láti forúkọ sílẹ̀ láti dìbò, ó sì sọ pé ìwà ipá ló ń dí àwọn obìnrin lọ́wọ́ láti kópa nínú ìṣèlú. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Sitembile Siwawa|title=Violence: Hurdle to women participation in politics|newspaper=Zambian Daily Mail|date=17 December 2015|url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/violence-hurdle-women-participation-politics/|access-date=14 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ẹgbẹ́ ZNWL dara pọ̀ mọ́ àwọn obìnrin fún àyípadà (WfC) láti gbìyànjú láti mú kí àwọn obìnrin kópa nínú ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ àti ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin orílẹ̀-èdè pọ̀ sí i. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Arthur Mwansa|title=Mulobezi DC commends Lungu|newspaper=Zambian Daily Mail|date=23 December 2015|url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/mulobezi-dc-commends-lungu/|access-date=14 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chibuta sọrọ ni atilẹyin Patricia Mulasikwanda, MP fun Mulobezi &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Arthur Mwansa|title=Women have ability to lead – ZNWL|newspaper=Zambian Daily Mail|date=6 January 2016|url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/women-ability-lead-znwl/|access-date=14 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2016, Chibuta rọ Ààrẹ Lungu láti yan àwọn obìnrin sípò sí àwọn ìgbìmọ̀ rẹ̀. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Judith Konayuma|title=An appeal for more women in Cabinet|newspaper=Zambian Daily Mail|date=15 September 2016|url=http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/an-appeal-for-more-women-in-cabinet/|access-date=14 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n kéde ìgbìmọ̀ náà, ó gbà pé àwọn obìnrin púpọ̀ sí i wà níbẹ̀, bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ó kìlọ̀ pé ààyè ṣì wà fún àtúnṣe. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Peter Clottey|title=Zambia Group Hails Appointment of Female Cabinet Ministers|newspaper=VOA News|date=29 September 2016|url=https://www.voanews.com/africa/zambia-group-hails-appointment-female-cabinet-ministers|archivedate=3 December 2020|access-date=14 February 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203020847/https://www.voanews.com/africa/zambia-group-hails-appointment-female-cabinet-ministers|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2016, lẹ́yìn tí àwọn oníròyìn gbọ́ nípa àwọn ọ̀ràn àwọn obìnrin tó ń pa ọkọ wọn, Chibuta pe fún àwọn olùrànlọ́wọ́ àti ìtọ́sọ́nà tó ní ìmọ̀ sí i, kí àwọn obìnrin lè rò pé fífi ọkọ wọn sílẹ̀ jẹ́ àṣàyàn nínú ọ̀ràn ìfipábánilòpọ̀ ilé . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Kathy Short|title=Zambian women committing spousal homicide|newspaper=Deutsche Welle|date=25 November 2016|url=https://www.dw.com/en/zambian-women-committing-spousal-homicide/a-36511246|access-date=14 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 2020, ó tún jẹ́ alága ìgbìmọ̀ olùdarí fún ìmúṣẹ ètò ìpolongo ìdìbò tí a ṣètò (CECS) ti Ìgbìmọ̀ Ìṣàkóso Àwọn Àjọ Ìbáṣepọ̀ Àwọn Obìnrin tí kìí ṣe ti ìjọba (NGOCC)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Masuzyo Chakwe|title=Kalaba urges NGOCC to take keen interest in NRC exercise|newspaper=The Mast|date=4 September 2020|url=https://www.themastonline.com/2020/09/04/kalaba-urges-ngocc-to-take-keen-interest-in-nrc-exercise/|access-date=14 February 2021}}{{Dead link|date=May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Melony Chisanga|title=NGOCC meets UNIP, discusses women participation in politics|newspaper=The Mast|date=28 November 2020|url=https://www.themastonline.com/2020/11/28/ngocc-meets-unip-discusses-women-participation-in-politics/|archivedate=January 25, 2021|access-date=14 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2020, ó gbé ìkéde ZNWL jáde tí ó dá ẹ̀bi ìwà ìkà ọlọ́pàá tí wọ́n hù sí Ms Carol Kambwili, ìyàwó olórí NDC Chishimba Kambwili, àti ọmọbìnrin rẹ̀. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=|title=Women movement shocked by police brutality on Mrs Kambwili|newspaper=Zambian Watchdog|date=20 October 2020|url=https://www.zambiawatchdog.com/women-movement-shocked-by-police-brutality-on-mrs-kambwili/comment-page-1/|access-date=14 February 2021}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Oliver Chisenga and Masuzyo Chakwe|title=WE'RE THE VICTIMS…we were kicked, hit with gun butts, and stripped, Carol Kambwili relives cops abuse|newspaper=The Mast|date=22 October 2020|url=https://www.themastonline.com/2020/10/22/were-the-victimswe-were-kicked-hit-with-gun-buts-and-stripped-carol-kambwili-relieves-cops-abuse/|archivedate=February 26, 2022|access-date=14 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]</text>
      <sha1>e7azbzb65qro1dtttgznfz8sl0hk8le</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ipa ile eefin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80444</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637773</id>
      <parentid>633261</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:50:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637773</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="111356" sha1="1oa4o04sxhzb6t34sve49fft3o5hemo" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Climate_Change_Schematic.svg|thumb]]
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse_effect_with_energy_flows_shown_by_altitude.svg|thumb|Agbára ń ṣàn sọ̀kalẹ̀ láti ọ̀dọ̀ Oòrùn wá sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ó sì tún ń ṣàn sókè láti Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ padà. Nígbà tí àwọn gáàsì ilé eefin bá gba ìtànṣán tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde, wọ́n ń dènà ìtànṣán náà láti bọ́ sí òde òfurufú. Èyí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ 33 °C (59 °F).]]
Ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nígbà tí àwọn gáàsì tí ń di ooru mú nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ayé kan bá dènà ayé náà láti tú ooru rẹ̀ sí òde òfurufú (space), èyí tí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ rẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i. Ìgbóná ojú ilẹ̀ lè wá láti inú orísun ooru inú ayé náà fúnra rẹ̀ (gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí ní Jupiter), tàbí láti orísun òde bíi ìràwọ̀ tí ayé náà ń yí ká. Ní ti Ilẹ̀ Ayé, Oòrùn ń tú ìtànṣán igbi-kúkúrú (shortwave radiation), ìyẹn ìmọ́lẹ̀ Oòrùn, tí ń kọjá láàrín àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì láti gbóná ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Ní ìdáhùn sí èyí, ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú ìtànṣán igbi-gígùn (longwave radiation) jáde, tí ó jẹ́ pé ọ̀pọ̀ nínú rẹ̀ ni àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì máa ń gba. Èyí ń dín ìyára tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé fi lè tutù kù, ó sì ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru rẹ̀ ga sí i.

Láìsí ipa ilé eefin, àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò jẹ́ bí −18 °C (−0.4 °F) tó tutù.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Solar Radiation and the Earth's Energy Balance |url=http://eesc.columbia.edu/courses/ees/climate/lectures/radiation/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041104033042/http://eesc.columbia.edu/courses/ees/climate/lectures/radiation/ |archive-date=4 November 2004 |access-date=15 October 2010 |work=The Climate System – EESC 2100 Spring 2007 |publisher=Columbia University}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC4_ch012&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |vauthors=Le Treut H, Somerville R, Cubasch U, Ding Y, [[Cecilie Mauritzen|Mauritzen C]], Mokssit A, Peterson T, Prather M |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2007 |veditors=Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Tignor M, Miller HL |location=Cambridge, UK and New York, NY |page=97 |chapter=Historical Overview of Climate Change Science |access-date=25 March 2014 |chapter-url=http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg1/ar4-wg1-chapter1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126204443/http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg1/ar4-wg1-chapter1.pdf |archive-date=26 November 2018 |url-status=dead |archivedate=26 November 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126204443/http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg1/ar4-wg1-chapter1.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí jìnnà sí àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ jẹ́ 14 °C (57 °F) ní ọ̀rúndún ogún (20th century).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The Elusive Absolute Surface Air Temperature (SAT) |url=http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/abs_temp.html |website=[[Goddard Institute for Space Studies]] |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration|NOAA]] |access-date=3 September 2008 |archive-date=5 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905093320/http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/abs_temp.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;clchgtrack&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Yearly average temperature |url=https://climatechangetracker.org/global-warming/yearly-average-temperature |website=Climate Change Tracker}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ àwọn gáàsì ilé eefin tí ó ti wà ní àdánidá, sísun epo fosaili ti mú kí iye carbon dioxide àti methane nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-ipcc-AR4WG1-5&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;budget&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Rebecca|first=Lindsey|date=14 January 2009|title=Climate and Earth's Energy Budget : Feature Articles|url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/EnergyBalance/page1.php|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121082936/https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/EnergyBalance/page1.php|archive-date=21 January 2021|access-date=14 December 2020|website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí èyí, títí di ọdún 2023,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=AR6 Synthesis Report: Summary for Policymakers Headline Statements |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/resources/spm-headline-statements/ |access-date=2026-05-08 |website=www.ipcc.ch |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìgbóná ayé tó tó 1.2 °C (2.2 °F) ti ṣẹlẹ̀ láti ìgbà Ìyípadà Iṣẹ́-Ọ̀nà (Industrial Revolution),&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Fox|first=Alex|title=Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Reaches New High Despite Pandemic Emissions Reduction|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/atmospheric-carbon-dioxide-reaches-new-high-despite-pandemic-emissions-reduction-180977945/|access-date=22 June 2021|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en|archive-date=10 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610130852/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/atmospheric-carbon-dioxide-reaches-new-high-despite-pandemic-emissions-reduction-180977945/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú pé àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n 0.18 °C (0.32 °F) ní gbogbo ọdún mẹ́wàá láti ọdún 1981.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first1=Rebecca |last1=Lindsey |first2=Luann |last2=Dahlman |title=Climate Change: Global Temperature |website=NOAA Climate.gov |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-global-temperature#:~:text=Earth%27s%20temperature%20has%20risen%20by,0.18%C2%B0%20C)%20per%20decade.
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615053036/http://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-global-temperature#:~:text=Earth%27s%20temperature%20has%20risen%20by,0.18%C2%B0%20C)%20per%20decade.
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=15 June 2013
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gbogbo àwọn nǹkan tí ìwọ̀n ooru wọn bá ga ju odo pípé (absolute zero) lọ máa ń tú ìtànṣán ooru (thermal radiation) jáde. Ìgbì ìtànṣán ooru tí Oòrùn àti Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde yàtọ̀ síra wọn nítorí pé ìwọ̀n ooru ojú wọn kò dọ́gba. Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Oòrùn jẹ́ 5,500 °C (9,900 °F), nítorí náà ó ń tú púpọ̀ nínú agbára rẹ̀ jáde gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtànṣán igbi-kúkúrú (shortwave radiation) nínú àwọn ìgbì near-infrared àti ìmọ́lẹ̀ tí ojú lè rí (visible wavelengths), èyí tí a mọ̀ sí ìmọ́lẹ̀ Oòrùn. Ní ìdàkejì, ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ní ìwọ̀n ooru tó kéré gan-an, nítorí náà ó ń tú ìtànṣán igbi-gígùn (longwave radiation) jáde nínú àwọn ìgbì infrared àárín àti infrared jíjìn.&lt;ref name=&quot;budget&quot; /&gt; Gáàsì kan ni a ń pè ní gáàsì ilé eefin bí ó bá lè gba ìtànṣán igbi-gígùn. Afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gba 23% péré nínú ìtànṣán igbi-kúkúrú tí ń wọlé láti ọ̀dọ̀ Oòrùn, ṣùgbọ́n ó ń gba 90% nínú ìtànṣán igbi-gígùn tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde.&lt;ref name=&quot;eeb1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=What is Earth's Energy Budget? Five Questions with a Guy Who Knows |url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/langley/what-is-earth-s-energy-budget-five-questions-with-a-guy-who-knows |website=NASA.gov |date=10 April 2017 |access-date=24 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí èyí, afẹ́fẹ́ ń kó agbára jọ, ó sì ń mú kí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé gbóná sí i.

Ìwàláàyè ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) (bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a kò tíì pè é ní orúkọ yìí nígbà náà) ni Joseph Fourier kọ́kọ́ dámọ̀ràn rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1824.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fourier 1824 136–167&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Fourier |first=J. |date=1824 |title=Remarques Generales sur les Temperatures Du Globe Terrestre et des Espaces Planetaires |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1Jg5AAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA136 |url-status=live |journal=Annales de Chimie et de Physique |language=fr |volume=27 |pages=136–167 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802195946/https://books.google.com/books?id=1Jg5AAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA136 |archive-date=2 August 2020 |access-date=8 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Claude Pouillet tún mú àríyànjiyàn náà lágbára sí i pẹ̀lú ẹ̀rí ní ọdún 1827 àti 1838. Ní ọdún 1856, Eunice Newton Foote fi hàn pé ipa ìgbóná Oòrùn lágbára sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó ní ìrì omi ju afẹ́fẹ́ gbígbẹ lọ, àti pé ipa náà túbọ̀ lágbára sí i pẹ̀lú carbon dioxide.&lt;ref name=&quot;Foote 382–383&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Foote |first=Eunice |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6xhFAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA382 |title=Circumstances affecting the Heat of the Sun's Rays |date=November 1856 |work=The American Journal of Science and Arts |volume=22 |pages=382–383 |access-date=31 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930234235/https://books.google.com/books?id=6xhFAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA382%2F |archive-date=30 September 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Huddleston&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Huddleston |first=Amara |date=17 July 2019 |title=Happy 200th birthday to Eunice Foote, hidden climate science pioneer |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/happy-200th-birthday-eunice-foote-hidden-climate-science-pioneer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930234240/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/features/happy-200th-birthday-eunice-foote-hidden-climate-science-pioneer/ |archive-date=30 September 2020 |access-date=8 October 2019 |website=NOAA Climate.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ “greenhouse” ni Nils Gustaf Ekholm kọ́kọ́ lo fún ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ní ọdún 1901.&lt;ref name=&quot;easterbrook.ca&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Easterbrook |first1=Steve |date=18 August 2015 |title=Who first coined the term &quot;Greenhouse Effect&quot;? |url=http://www.easterbrook.ca/steve/2015/08/who-first-coined-the-term-greenhouse-effect/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151113131713/http://www.easterbrook.ca/steve/2015/08/who-first-coined-the-term-greenhouse-effect/ |archive-date=13 November 2015 |access-date=11 November 2015 |website=Serendipity}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ekholm N 1901 1–62&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |author=Ekholm N |year=1901 |title=On The Variations Of The Climate Of The Geological And Historical Past And Their Causes |journal=Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |volume=27 |pages=1–62 |bibcode=1901QJRMS..27....1E |doi=10.1002/qj.49702711702 |number=117}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìtumọ̀ ==
A ṣe ìtúmọ̀ ipa ilé-gíláàsì lórí Ilẹ̀ Ayé gẹ́gẹ́ bí: “Ìpa ìtànṣán infurarẹ́dì (infrared radiative effect) ti gbogbo àwọn ohun tí ń gba ìtànṣán infurarẹ́dì nínú afẹ́fẹ́. Àwọn gáàsì ilé eefin (GHGs), àwọsánmà (clouds), àti díẹ̀ nínú aerosols ń gba ìtànṣán ilẹ̀ (terrestrial radiation) tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti apá míì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ń tú jáde.”&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC&quot;&gt;IPCC, 2021: Annex VII: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexVII.pdf Glossary] [Matthews, J.B.R., V. Möller, R. van Diemen, J.S. Fuglestvedt, V. Masson-Delmotte, C.  Méndez, S. Semenov, A. Reisinger (eds.)]. In [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/ Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 2215–2256, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.022.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìpa ilé-gíláàsì tí a ti mú lágbára (enhanced greenhouse effect) ń ṣàlàyé pé nípa fífi iye àwọn gáàsì ilé eefin (GHGs) pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (nítorí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn), a ń mú kí ipa ilé-gíláàsì àdánidá pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC&quot; /&gt;

== Ọ̀rọ̀ ìmọ̀-ọrọ ==
Ọ̀rọ̀ “ipa ilé-gíláàsì” (greenhouse effect) wá láti ìfiwéra sí ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouses). Mejeeji ilé-gíláàsì àti ipa ilé-gíláàsì ń ṣiṣẹ́ nípa pípa ooru tí ó wá láti ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn pamọ́, ṣùgbọ́n ọ̀nà tí wọ́n fi ń pa ooru náà yàtọ̀ síra. Ilé-gíláàsì máa ń pa ooru mọ́ jùlọ nípa díẹ̀kù ìrìnàjò afẹ́fẹ́ (convection), ìyẹn ìrìn afẹ́fẹ́ láàrín àyè.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=John |last=Worley |title=Greenhouses: Heating, Cooling and Ventilation |website=University of Georgia Extension |url=https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B792&amp;title=greenhouses-heating-cooling-and-ventilation |access-date=12 March 2023 |archive-date=12 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312234640/https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B792&amp;title=greenhouses-heating-cooling-and-ventilation |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ipccar4wg1ch1&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007, Chapter 1 |publisher=Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. |page=115 |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar4/wg1/ |access-date=24 March 2023 |quote=The glass walls in a greenhouse reduce airflow and increase the temperature of the air inside. Analogously, but through a different physical process, the Earth's greenhouse effect warms the surface of the planet.}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìdàkejì, ipa ilé-gíláàsì ń pa ooru mọ́ nípa díẹ̀kù ìtànṣán ooru (radiative transfer) láàrín afẹ́fẹ́, àti nípa dín ìwọ̀n tí ìtànṣán ooru (thermal radiation) fi ń jáde sí òde òfurufú kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Ìtàn ìṣàwárí àti ìwádìí ==
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| total_width       = 650
| image1            = 18560823 Eunice Newton Foote - greenhouse effect.png
| caption1          = Ní ọdún 1856, Eunice Newton Foote mọ̀ pé carbon dioxide ní agbára láti gba ooru pamọ́, ó sì lóye ìtumọ̀ rẹ̀ fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé.
| image2            = 191203 Furnaces of the world - Popular Mechanics - Global warming.jpg
| caption2          = Ìpa ilé-gíláàsì àti ipa rẹ̀ lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ni a ṣàlàyé ní ṣókí nínú àpilẹ̀kọ Popular Mechanics ọdún 1912 yìí, èyí tí gbogbo ènìyàn lè ka.
}}
Ìwàláàyè ipa ilé-gíláàsì, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a kò tíì pè é ní orúkọ yìí, ni Joseph Fourier kọ́kọ́ dámọ̀ràn rẹ̀ ní ọdún 1824.&lt;ref name=&quot;Fourier 1824 136–167&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Foote, Eunice, 1856. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230223113925/https://ia800802.us.archive.org/4/items/mobot31753002152491/mobot31753002152491.pdf Circumstances affecting the heat of the Sun's rays]&quot;: Art. XXXI, ''The American Journal of Science and Arts,'' 2nd Series, v. XXII/no. LXVI, November 1856, p. 382-383.&lt;/ref&gt; Claude Pouillet tún mú àríyànjiyàn àti ẹ̀rí náà lágbára sí i ní ọdún 1827 àti 1838. Ní ọdún 1856, Eunice Newton Foote fi hàn pé ipa ìgbóná Oòrùn lágbára sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó ní ìrì omi ju afẹ́fẹ́ gbígbẹ lọ, àti pé ipa náà túbọ̀ lágbára sí i pẹ̀lú carbon dioxide. Ó parí rẹ̀ pé: “Afẹ́fẹ́ tí gáàsì yìí bá wà nínú rẹ̀ yóò fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé wa ní ìwọ̀n ooru gíga…”&lt;ref name=&quot;Foote 382–383&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Huddleston&quot;/&gt;

John Tyndall ni ẹni àkọ́kọ́ tí ó wọn bí àwọn gáàsì àti oru oríṣìíríṣìí ṣe ń gba àti ń tú ìtànṣán infurarẹ́dì (infrared absorption and emission). Láti ọdún 1859 lọ, ó fi hàn pé ipa náà jẹ́ ti ìdíyelé kékeré gan-an nínú afẹ́fẹ́, pé àwọn gáàsì pàtàkì kò ní ipa kankan, àti pé ìrì omi ni ó ń kó ipa tó pọ̀ jù, ṣùgbọ́n pé díẹ̀ nínú hydrocarbons àti carbon dioxide tún ní ipa pàtàkì.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-20&lt;/ref&gt; Svante Arrhenius tún ṣe àlàyé àti ìṣírò pípé sí i ní ọdún 1896, níbi tí ó ti ṣe àkọ́kọ́ àfihàn ìṣírò ìgbóná ayé (global warming) tí yóò ṣẹlẹ̀ bí iye carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ bá di ìlọ́po méjì.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-anrev-21&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀rọ̀ “greenhouse” ni Nils Gustaf Ekholm kọ́kọ́ lo fún ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ní ọdún 1901.&lt;ref name=&quot;easterbrook.ca&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ekholm N 1901 1–62&quot;/&gt;

Ní ọdún 1896, Svante Arrhenius lo àwọn àkíyèsí Langley nípa ìgbà tí ìtànṣán infurarẹ́dì ń pọ̀ sí i, níbi tí ìtànṣán láti Oṣù (Moon rays) ṣe ń kọjá afẹ́fẹ́ ní igun kékeré, tí ó sì ń bá carbon dioxide (CO₂) pọ̀ sí i, láti ṣe ìṣírò ipa ìtútù afẹ́fẹ́ tí yóò ṣẹlẹ̀ bí CO₂ bá dín kù ní ọjọ́ iwájú. Ó tún mọ̀ pé afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó tutù yóò ní ìrì omi kéré sí i (omi omi jẹ́ gáàsì ilé eefin mìíràn), ó sì ṣe ìṣírò ipa ìtútù míì tí èyí máa kó wá. Ó tún lóye pé ìtútù yìí yóò mú kí yinyin àti yìnyín pọ̀ sí i ní agbègbè gíga latitude, èyí tí yóò sì mú kí Ilẹ̀ Ayé yá ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí i (reflection), tí yóò sì tún mú ìtútù pọ̀ sí i, gẹ́gẹ́ bí James Croll ti ti sọ tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní àpapọ̀, Arrhenius ṣe ìṣírò pé bí a bá dín CO₂ kù sí ìdajì, ó lè fa àkókò yìnyín ńlá (ice age). Ó tún ṣe ìṣírò pé bí CO₂ bá di ìlọ́po méjì, yóò fa ìgbóná àgbáyé tó tó 5–6 °C.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-22&lt;/ref&gt;

Nípasẹ̀ ìwádìí Tyndall, Lecher àti Pretner, Keller, Roentgen, àti Arrhenius, a ti fi hàn pé carbon dioxide àti ìrì omi nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní agbára àrà òtítọ́ láti gba àti láti pa ìtànṣán ooru mọ́ fún ìgbà díẹ̀, nígbà tí oxygen, nitrogen, àti argon nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní agbára yìí ní ìwọ̀n kékeré péré. Èyí fi hàn pé ipa carbon dioxide àti ìrì omi ń ṣiṣẹ́ bí àṣọ tí ń bo Ilẹ̀ Ayé pẹ̀lú àyíká tí ń gba ooru (thermally absorbent envelope). Àbájáde gbogbogbò tí a lè sọ nípa ìpọ̀ sí i tàbí ìdínkù gidi nínú iye carbon dioxide àti omi nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ni pé:

a. Ìpọ̀ sí i nínú wọn máa ń fa ìgbóná ayé pọ̀ sí i nítorí pé ó ń gba agbára oorun pọ̀ sí i, nígbà tí ìdínkù wọn máa ń fa ìtútù. Ìṣírò Dr. Arrhenius, tó dá lórí ìtúpalẹ̀ ìṣirò pípẹ́ ti àwọn àkíyèsí Professor Langley, fi hàn pé bí iye carbon dioxide bá pọ̀ sí i sí ìlọ́po méjì tàbí mẹ́ta iye rẹ̀ ìsinsìnyí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ayé lè pọ̀ sí i ní 8° sí 9 °C, èyí tí yóò sì dájú pé ìgbóná kan tó dàbí ti àkókò Middle Tertiary yóò ṣẹlẹ̀. Ní ìdàkejì, bí a bá dín carbon dioxide kù sí 55% sí 62% iye rẹ̀ ìsinsìnyí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ayé lè dín kù ní 4° sí 5 °C, èyí tí yóò sì fa ìgbà yìnyín ńlá (glaciation) tó jọ ti Pleistocene.

b. Ìyípadà míì ni pé ìpọ̀ sí i tàbí ìdínkù carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń jẹ́ kí ìwọn ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé dáa pọ̀ sí i (equalization) tàbí yàtọ̀ sí i (differentiation) ní agbègbè oríṣìíríṣìí.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-23&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìwọn ==
[[File:Climate Factor CO₂ (ZDF, Terra X).webm|thumb|Bí CO₂ ṣe ń fa ipa ilé-gíláàsì]]
Nǹkan ń tú ìtànṣán ooru (thermal radiation) jáde ní ìwọ̀n tí ó ń tẹ̀lé agbára kẹrin ìwọ̀n ooru rẹ̀ (fourth power of its temperature). Díẹ̀ nínú ìtànṣán tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde ni àwọn gáàsì ilé eefin àti àwọsánmà ń gba. Láìsí ìgbàgbọ́ ìtànṣán yìí, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò jẹ́ −18 °C (−0.4 °F). Síbẹ̀, nítorí pé díẹ̀ nínú ìtànṣán náà ni a ń gba, ìwọ̀n ooru àárín ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé jẹ́ nǹkan bí 15 °C (59 °F). Nítorí náà, a lè ṣe ìṣírò ipa ilé eefin Ilẹ̀ Ayé gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru tó tó 33 °C (59 °F).

Ìtànṣán ooru (thermal radiation) ni a ń ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀ nípa iye agbára tí ó ń kó, tí a sábà máa ń wọn ní watt fún mita onígun (W/m²). Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì tún ń ṣe ìwọn ipa ilé eefin nípa bí ìtànṣán ooru igbi-gígùn (longwave thermal radiation) ṣe ń bọ láti ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ju bí ó ṣe ń dé òde òfurufú lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-ar6wg1-ch7&quot;/&gt;{{rp|968}}&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-ar6wg1-ch7&quot;/&gt;{{rp|934}}&lt;ref name=&quot;ravram1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidt2010paper&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidt2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Gavin Schmidt |date=1 October 2010 |title=Taking the Measure of the Greenhouse Effect |url=https://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/2010_schmidt_05/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421003101/https://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/2010_schmidt_05/ |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=13 January 2022 |publisher=NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies - Science Briefs}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìsinsìnyí, ìtànṣán igbi-gígùn ń bọ láti ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ní àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n 398 W/m², ṣùgbọ́n 239 W/m² péré ni ó ń dé òde òfurufú. Nítorí náà, ipa ilé eefin Ilẹ̀ Ayé tún lè ṣe ìṣírò rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyípadà sísàn agbára tó tó 159 W/m².&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-ar6wg1-ch7&quot;/&gt; A tún lè sọ ipa ilé eefin gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìdá (0.40) tàbí ogorun (40%) nínú ìtànṣán igbi-gígùn tí ń kúrò láti ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣùgbọ́n tí kò dé òde òfurufú.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-ar6wg1-ch7&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ravram1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-ravram2-28&lt;/ref&gt;

Bóyá a bá ṣàpèjúwe ipa ilé-gíláàsì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n ooru tàbí gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyípadà nínú ìtànṣán ooru igbi-gígùn (longwave thermal radiation), ipa kan náà ni a ń wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;ravram1&quot;/&gt;

== Ipa rẹ̀ nínú ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ ==
{{ multiple image |total_width=450
| image1= Mauna Loa CO2 monthly mean concentration.svg |caption1= Ìgúnrẹ́rẹ́ Keeling (Keeling Curve) ti iye carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́.
| image2= Earth's heating rate since 2005.jpg |caption2= Ìwọ̀n tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé fi ń gbóná sí i (àwòrán ìṣàpẹẹrẹ) jẹ́ àbájáde àwọn nǹkan oríṣìíríṣìí, títí kan ipa ilé eefin tí ó ti pọ̀ sí i (enhanced greenhouse effect).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Joseph Atkinson |date=22 June 2021 |title=Earth Matters: Earth's Radiation Budget is Out of Balance |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/earthmatters/2021/06/22/earths-radiation-budget-is-out-of-balance/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220410085015/https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/blogs/earthmatters/2021/06/22/earths-radiation-budget-is-out-of-balance/ |archive-date=10 April 2022 |access-date=1 March 2022 |publisher=NASA Earth Observatory}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
[[File:1960- Damages caused by countries' emissions of greenhouse gases.svg |thumb |Ìdàgbàsókè tí kò tẹ̀lé ìlà gígùn (non-linear growth) nínú ipa ìgbóná àgbáyé tí ó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí àkójọpọ̀ àwọn gáàsì ilé eefin tó pẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (long-lived greenhouse gases) ti fa ìpalára ọrọ̀ ajé nínú àkókò ọdún  ọgọ́ta (60 years) tí a fojú díwọ̀n rẹ̀ pé ó ju ìlọ́po márùn-ún iye ìpalára tó ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú àkókò ọdún ọgbọ̀n (30 years) lọ (gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòrán náà ṣe fi hàn). Àpilẹ̀kọ kan nínú ìwé ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì Nature ṣírò pé àwọn ìpalára ọjọ́ iwájú tí yóò wáyé nítorí àwọn ìtújáde tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ yóò jẹ́ ó kéré tán ní ìlọ́po mẹ́wàá ju àwọn ìpalára ìtàn àtẹ́yìnwá tí àwọn ìtújáde kan náà ti fa lọ.&lt;ref name=Nature_20260325enhanced&gt;
* Data source for '''''1990'''''-2020 panel: Fig. 4 of {{cite journal |last1=Burke |first1=Marshall |last2=Zahid |first2=Mustafa |last3=Diffenbaugh |first3=Noah S. |last4=Hsiang |first4=Solomon |title=Quantifying climate loss and damage consistent with a social cost of carbon |journal=Nature |date=25 March 2026 |volume=651 |pages=959-966 |doi=10.1038/s41586-026-10272-6}}
* Data source for '''''1960'''''-2020 panel: Fig. S5 of {{cite web |last1=Burke |first1=Marshall |last2=Zahid |first2=Mustafa |last3=Diffenbaugh |first3=Noah S. |last4=Hsiang |first4=Solomon |title=Nature portfolio / Supplementary information / Quantifying climate loss and damage consistent with a social cost of carbon |url=https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41586-026-10272-6/MediaObjects/41586_2026_10272_MOESM1_ESM.pdf |website=Nature |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260406031318/https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41586-026-10272-6/MediaObjects/41586_2026_10272_MOESM1_ESM.pdf |archive-date=6 April 2026 |page=28 |date=25 March 2026 |quote=Same as Figure 4 except valuing damages from emissions starting in 1960 rather than 1990. |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìmúgbòòrò ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) nípasẹ̀ àwọn gáàsì amúnágbóná àfikún tí àwọn iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń dá sílẹ̀ ni a mọ̀ sí ipa ilé-gíláàsì tí a mú pọ̀ sí i (enhanced greenhouse effect).&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC&quot; /&gt; Yàtọ̀ sí pé a ti rí i láti inú àwọn ìwọ̀n tí ARGO, CERES àti àwọn ohun èlò ìwọ̀n mìíràn ṣe jálẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=IPCC AR6 WG1 |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809080054/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf |archive-date=9 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìlọsíwájú yìí nínú ìfipá-ràn-rádíéṣọ́nù (radiative forcing) tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń fa ni a ti ṣàkíyèsí rẹ̀ ní tààràtà,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Robert McSweeney |date=25 February 2015 |title=New study directly measures greenhouse effect at Earth's surface |url=https://www.carbonbrief.org/new-study-directly-measures-greenhouse-effect-at-earths-surface |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418151415/https://www.carbonbrief.org/new-study-directly-measures-greenhouse-effect-at-earths-surface |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=18 April 2021 |publisher=Carbon Brief}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=26 March 2021 |title=Direct observations confirm that humans are throwing Earth's energy budget off balance |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-03-humans-earth-energy.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418072159/https://phys.org/news/2021-03-humans-earth-energy.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=18 April 2021 |website=phys.org |publisher=Science X}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì jẹ́ pé ìdí pàtàkì rẹ̀ ni ìlọsíwájú nínú iye carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Enhanced Greenhouse Effect |url=http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/eae/Global_Warming/Older/Enhanced_Greenhouse_Effect.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101024121935/http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/eae/global_warming/Older/Enhanced_Greenhouse_Effect.html |archive-date=24 October 2010 |access-date=15 October 2010 |publisher=Ace.mmu.ac.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;

CO₂ ni a ń ṣe jáde láti inú sísun epo fosaili (fossil fuel burning) àti àwọn iṣẹ́ mìíràn bíi ṣíṣe simẹnti (cement production) àti pípa igbó ilẹ̀ olóoru (tropical deforestation).&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC deforestation&quot;&gt;IPCC [http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg1/ar4-wg1-chapter7.pdf Fourth Assessment Report, Working Group I Report &quot;The Physical Science Basis&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110315005004/http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg1/ar4-wg1-chapter7.pdf|date=15 March 2011}} Chapter 7&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìwọ̀n CO₂ láti Mauna Loa Observatory fi hàn pé iye rẹ̀ ti pọ̀ sí i láti ìwọ̀n 313 parts per million (ppm)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide – Mauna Loa |url=http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/co2_data_mlo.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520204843/https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/co2_data_mlo.html |archive-date=20 May 2019 |access-date=8 December 2008 |publisher=[[NOAA]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ní ọdún 1960, ó sì kọjá àmì 400 ppm ní ọdún 2013.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine |date=12 May 2013 |title=Climate Milestone: Earth's {{CO2}} Level Passes 400 ppm |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2013/05/130510-earth-co2-milestone-400-ppm/ |url-status=live |magazine=National Geographic |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215081625/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2013/05/130510-earth-co2-milestone-400-ppm/ |archive-date=15 December 2013 |access-date=10 December 2017 |archivedate=13 May 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513194356/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2013/05/130510-earth-co2-milestone-400-ppm/ |deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Iye CO₂ tí a ń rí báyìí ti ga ju ìwọ̀n tó ga jù lọ nínú àkọsílẹ̀ ilẹ̀-ayé (geological record) (≈300 ppm) gẹ́gẹ́ bí data tí a rí láti inú àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice core data).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author=Hansen J. |date=February 2005 |title=A slippery slope: How much global warming constitutes &quot;dangerous anthropogenic interference&quot;? |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1232798 |url-status=live |journal=Climatic Change |volume=68 |issue=333 |pages=269–279 |bibcode=2005ClCh...68..269H |doi=10.1007/s10584-005-4135-0 |s2cid=153165132 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801065245/https://zenodo.org/record/1232798 |archive-date=1 August 2020 |access-date=8 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 800,000 sẹ́yìn,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |date=4 September 2006 |title=Deep ice tells long climate story |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/5314592.stm |url-status=live |access-date=4 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123202651/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/5314592.stm |archive-date=23 January 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; data tí a rí láti inú àwọn àpẹẹrẹ yìnyín (ice core) fi hàn pé iye carbon dioxide (CO₂) ti yí padà láti ìwọ̀n tó kéré tó 180 ppm sí ìwọ̀n 270 ppm tó wà ṣáájú ìgbà iṣẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrial level).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author=Hileman B |date=28 November 2005 |title=Ice Core Record Extended |url=http://pubs.acs.org/cen/news/83/i48/8348notw1.html |url-status=live |journal=Chemical &amp; Engineering News |volume=83 |issue=48 |page=7 |doi=10.1021/cen-v083n048.p007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515033556/http://pubs.acs.org/cen/news/83/i48/8348notw1.html |archive-date=15 May 2019 |access-date=6 September 2006|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ ìwádìí ojú-ọjọ́ àtijọ́ (paleoclimatologists) ka àwọn ìyípadà nínú iye carbon dioxide sí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ohun pàtàkì tó ń fa àwọn ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ lórí àkókò gígùn yìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bowen (2005), Thin Ice&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Bowen |first=Mark |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HGIcabCZHVUC |title=Thin Ice: Unlocking the Secrets of Climate in the World's Highest Mountains |publisher=Owl Books |year=2006 |isbn=978-1429932707 |access-date=1 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802192430/https://books.google.com/books?id=HGIcabCZHVUC |archive-date=2 August 2020 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=20 August 2008 |title=Temperature change and carbon dioxide change |url=http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/globalwarming/temperature-change.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118144841/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/globalwarming/temperature-change.html |archive-date=18 January 2017 |website=U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Paleoclimatology}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì Agbára àti Ìwọ̀n Ooru ==
=== Ìtọ́jú Ìmọ́lẹ̀ Ìgbi Kúkúrú Tó Ń Wọlé ===
[[Fáìlì:Solar spectrum en.svg|thumb|Àwòrán àgbègbè ìtọ́jú ìmọ́lẹ̀ Oòrùn (solar radiation spectrum) fún ìmọ́lẹ̀ tó ń bọ taara, ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti ní ìpele ojú òkun.]]
Ohun tí ó gbóná jù máa ń tú ìtọ́jú (radiation) tí ó ní ìgbi kúkúrú síi jáde. Nítorí náà, Oòrùn ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi kúkúrú jáde gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn, nígbà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn jáde. Ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn ní ìtọ́jú ultraviolet, ìmọ́lẹ̀ tí ojú ènìyàn lè rí (visible light), àti ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi tó sún mọ́ (near-infrared radiation).&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC&quot; /&gt;

Ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn máa ń padà sẹ́yìn (reflect) àti pé Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ tún máa ń gba á (absorb). Afẹ́fẹ́ àti àwọn ìkùukùu máa ń da nǹkan bí 23% ìmọ́lẹ̀ náà padà, wọ́n sì ń gba nǹkan bí 23% rẹ̀. Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń da 7% padà, ó sì ń gba 48% rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;eeb1&quot; /&gt; Ní àpapọ̀, Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń da nǹkan bí 30% gbogbo ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tó ń wọlé padà,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html |title=Earth Fact Sheet |publisher=NSSDCA |first1=David R. |last1=Williams  |access-date=15 October 2010 |archive-date=25 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151225024603/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=harvard&gt;{{cite book |chapter-url=http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/people/faculty/djj/book/bookchap7.html |title=Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry |first=Daniel J. |last=Jacob |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1999 |chapter=7. The Greenhouse Effect |isbn=978-1400841547 |access-date=9 December 2009 |archive-date=3 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101003035132/http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/people/faculty/djj/book/bookchap7.html |url-status=dead |archivedate=3 October 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101003035132/http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/people/faculty/djj/book/bookchap7.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì ń gba ìyókù rẹ̀ (240 W/m²).&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-ar6wg1-ch7&quot; /&gt;

=== Ìtọ́jú Ìgbi Gígùn Tó Ń Jáde ===
[[Fáìlì:Spectral Greenhouse Effect.png|thumb|Ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) jẹ́ ìdínkù nínú iye ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ń jáde lọ sí òde, èyí tí ó ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì ìtọ́jú agbára (radiative balance) ayé. Àwòrán àgbègbè ìtọ́jú tí ń jáde fi ipa àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì oríṣìíríṣìí hàn.]]
Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ máa ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) jáde, èyí tí a tún mọ̀ sí ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi gbígbóná (thermal infrared radiation) tàbí ìtọ́jú ilẹ̀-ayé (terrestrial radiation).&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC&quot; /&gt; Ní ọ̀nà àìlékọ̀ọ́kan, a máa ń pe ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn ní ìtọ́jú gbígbóná (thermal radiation). Ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ń jáde (Outgoing Longwave Radiation, OLR) ni ìtọ́jú tí ń bọ láti Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ tí ó ń kọjá nípasẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ lọ sí òde ayé.

A lè rí ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) ní tààràtà nínú àwọn àwòrán ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde gẹ́gẹ́ bí iṣẹ́ igbohunsafẹfẹ́ (frequency) tàbí gígùn ìgbi (wavelength). Àgbègbè tó wà láàárín àwòrán ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde àti àwòrán ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ń jáde lọ sí òde ayé fi ìwọ̀n ipa ilé-gíláàsì hàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidt2010&quot;/&gt;

Àwọn nkan oríṣìíríṣìí ló ń fa ìdínkù nínú agbára ìtọ́jú (radiation energy) tí ń dé òde ayé ní àwọn igbohunsafẹfẹ́ (frequencies) tó yàtọ̀; fún àwọn igbohunsafẹfẹ́ kan, ọ̀pọ̀ nkan ló ń kó ipa papọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidt2010paper&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=G. A. |last2=Ruedy |first2=R. A. |last3=Miller |first3=R. L. |last4=Lacis |first4=A. A. |title=Attribution of the present-day total greenhouse effect |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research |date=2010 |volume=115 |issue=D20 |article-number=2010JD014287 |doi=10.1029/2010JD014287 |bibcode=2010JGRD..11520106S |url=https://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2010/2010_Schmidt_sc05400j.pdf |access-date=14 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; A mọ̀ pé carbon dioxide (CO₂) ló ní ojúṣe fún ìdínkù nínú ìtọ́jú tí ń jáde lọ sí òde ayé (àti ìlọsíwájú tó bá a lọ nínú ipa ilé-gíláàsì) ní agbègbè tó sún mọ́ 667 cm⁻¹ (èyí tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú gígùn ìgbi 15 microns).&lt;ref name=&quot;wijng&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=van Wijngaarden |first1=W. A. |last2=Happer |first2=W. |title=Dependence of Earth's Thermal Radiation on Five Most Abundant Greenhouse Gases |journal=Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics |date=2020 |arxiv=2006.03098 |url=https://wvanwijngaarden.info.yorku.ca/files/2020/12/WThermal-Radiationf.pdf?x45936 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230508080935/https://wvanwijngaarden.info.yorku.ca/files/2020/12/WThermal-Radiationf.pdf?x45936 |archive-date= 8 May 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gbogbo ìpele afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó ní àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì máa ń gba díẹ̀ nínú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) tí ń gòkè láti àwọn ìpele tó wà ní ìsàlẹ̀. Ó tún máa ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn jáde sí gbogbo ọ̀nà, yálà sókè tàbí sísàlẹ̀, ní ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì pẹ̀lú iye tí ó ti gba. Èyí máa ń fa kí ìsonù ooru nípasẹ̀ ìtọ́jú dín kù, kí ìwọ̀n ooru sì pọ̀ sí i ní àwọn ìpele tó wà ní ìsàlẹ̀. Bí iye àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, iye ìtọ́jú tí wọ́n ń gba àti tí wọ́n ń tú jáde náà máa ń pọ̀ sí i, èyí sì ń mú kí ooru púpọ̀ sí i wà ní ìpamọ́ lórí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti nínú àwọn ìpele afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà ní ìsàlẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC4_ch012&quot; /&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Tó Munadoko ===
[[Fáìlì:Effective temperature for climate thermal radiation.svg|thumb|Ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tí a nílò láti tú iye kan pàtó ti ìtọ́jú ooru (thermal radiation) jáde.]]
Agbára ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (outgoing longwave radiation) tí pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì ń tú jáde bá ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko (effective temperature) pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà mu. Ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko ni ìwọ̀n ooru tí pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan tí ń tú ìtọ́jú jáde pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru tó dọ́gba ní gbogbo ara rẹ̀ (blackbody) yóò ní láti ní kí ó lè tú iye agbára ooru kan náà jáde.

A lè lo ìmọ̀ yìí láti fi ṣe àfiwé ìwọ̀n ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ń jáde lọ sí òde ayé àti ìwọ̀n ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde:

* ''Ìtọ́jú tí ń lọ sí òde ayé:'' Da lori ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde sí òde, ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko Ilẹ̀ Ayé lapapọ̀ jẹ́ −18 °C (0 °F).[&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://eesc.columbia.edu/courses/ees/climate/lectures/radiation/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200704152516/https://eesc.columbia.edu/courses/ees/climate/lectures/radiation/ |date=2020-07-04 }} |title=Solar Radiation and the Earth's Energy Balance |publisher=Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University |access-date=15 October 2010&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC4_ch012&quot;/&gt;

* ''Ìtọ́jú láti ojú ilẹ̀:'' Da lori ìtọ́jú ooru tí ń bọ láti ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ tó munadoko jẹ́ nǹkan bí 16 °C (61 °F), &lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-ar6wg1-ch7&quot; /&gt;  èyí tí ó gbóná ju ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko Ilẹ̀ Ayé lapapọ̀ lọ ní 34 °C (61 °F).

Ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé sábà máa ń jẹ́ ìròyìn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n ìdíwọ̀n àárín ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó sún mọ́ ojú ilẹ̀ (near-surface air temperature). Èyí jẹ́ nǹkan bí 15 °C (59 °F),&lt;ref name=&quot;clchgtrack&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;The elusive &quot;absolute surface air temperature&quot;, see [http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/abs_temp.html GISS discussion]&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì kéré díẹ̀ ju ìwọ̀n ooru ojú ilẹ̀ tó munadoko lọ. Ìwọ̀n yìí gbóná ju ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko Ilẹ̀ Ayé lapapọ̀ lọ ní 33 °C (59 °F).

=== Ìṣàn agbára ===
Ìṣàn agbára (energy flux) ni ìwọ̀n ìrìnàjò agbára fún ẹ̀ka àgbègbè kan. A máa ń fi hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí W/m², èyí tí ó túmọ̀ sí iye joules agbára tí ń kọjá nípasẹ̀ square meter kan ní gbogbo ìṣẹ́jú àáyá. Ọ̀pọ̀ ìṣàn agbára tí a máa ń sọ nínú ìjíròrò gíga lórí ojú-ọjọ́ jẹ́ àwọn iye àgbáyé, ìyẹn ni pé a ń kó gbogbo ìrìnàjò agbára jọ fún gbogbo Ilẹ̀ Ayé, a sì pín in pẹ̀lú agbègbè ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé, 5.1×10¹⁴ m² (5.1×10⁸ km²; 2.0×10⁸ mi²).&lt;ref name=&quot;utarea&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=What is the Surface Area of the Earth? |url=https://www.universetoday.com/25756/surface-area-of-the-earth/ |website=Universe Today |date=11 February 2017 |access-date=1 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìṣàn agbára (energy flux) tí ìtọ́jú ń wọlé àti tí ń jáde kúrò ní Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe pàtàkì nítorí pé ìtújáde agbára nípasẹ̀ ìtànkálẹ̀ ìtọ́jú (radiative transfer) ni ọ̀nà kan ṣoṣo tó lè yí agbára padà láàárín Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti iyokù àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-Wallace2006-49&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì ìtọ́jú ===
[[Fáìlì:2001- Earth's energy imbalance.svg|thumb|Àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé ti pọ̀ sí i ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, ó sì ti dé ìwọ̀n tó jẹ́ ìlọ́po méjì ti àwọn ìṣírò IPCC tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref name=AGUadvances_20250510/&gt; Agbára láti ṣe àkíyèsí àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì yìí ń dín kù nítorí pé wọ́n ń yọ àwọn satẹ́laiti kúrò nínú iṣẹ́.&lt;ref name=AGUadvances_20250510&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Mauritsen |first1=Thorsten |last2=Tsushima |first2=Yoko |last3=Meyssignac |first3=Benoit |last4=Loeb |first4=Normal G. |last5=Hakuba |first5=Maria |display-authors=4 |title=Earth's Energy Imbalance More Than Doubled in Recent Decades |journal=AGU Advances |date=10 May 2025 |volume=6 |issue=3 |article-number=e2024AV001636 |doi=10.1029/2024AV001636 |publisher=American Geophysical Union |bibcode=2025AGUA....601636M |quote=The imbalance is derived from the CERES-EBAF Edition 4.2.1 data set|hdl=21.11116/0000-0011-68B9-8 |hdl-access=free }}.&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Ìwọ̀n ooru pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan da lórí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì láàárín ìtọ́jú tí ń wọlé àti ìtọ́jú tí ń jáde. Tí ìtọ́jú tí ń wọlé bá pọ̀ ju ti ń jáde lọ, pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà yóò gbóná sí i. Tí ìtọ́jú tí ń jáde bá pọ̀ ju ti ń wọlé lọ, pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà yóò tútù sí i. Pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì máa ń fojú sí ìpò ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì ìtọ́jú (radiative equilibrium), níbi tí agbára ìtọ́jú tí ń jáde fi dọ́gba pẹ̀lú agbára ìtọ́jú tí a ti gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;cimss&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Earth's Radiation Balance |url=https://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/wxwise/homerbe.html |website=CIMSS: University of Wisconsin |access-date=25 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Earth's energy imbalance) ni ìwọn tí agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ gba pọ̀ ju agbára ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (outgoing longwave radiation) tí ń jáde lọ sí òde ayé lọ. Àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára ni ìwọn pàtàkì tó ń ṣàkóso ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;SciAmEEB&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Don't Worry about CO2, Worry about the Earth's 'Energy Balance' |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/dont-worry-about-co2-worry-about-the-earths-energy-balance/ |publisher=Scientific American |access-date=2 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìfihàn UN kan sọ pé: “EEI ni nǹkan tó ṣe pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń ṣàlàyé ìfojúsùn ìtẹ̀síwájú ìgbóná ayé àti ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.”&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-UNeei-53&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwádìí kan tún sọ pé: “Ìye gidi EEI ni ìwọn pàtàkì jù lọ tó ń ṣàlàyé ipo gidi ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé.”&lt;ref name=&quot;vsh2016&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=von Schuckmann |first1=K. |last2=Palmer |first2=M. |last3=Trenberth |first3=K. |last4=Cazenave |first4=A. |last5=Chambers |first5=D. |last6=Champollion |first6=N. |last7=Hansen |first7=J. |last8=Josey |first8=S. A. |last9=Loeb |first9=N. |last10=Mathiew |first10=P.P. |last11=Meyssignac |first11=B. |last12=Wild |first12=M. |title=An imperative to monitor Earth's energy imbalance |journal=Nature Climate Change |date=2016 |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=138–144 |doi=10.1038/nclimate2876|bibcode=2016NatCC...6..138V |url=http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/512751/1/vonSchuckmannPostprint.pdf }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Earth’s energy imbalance, EEI) jẹ́ nǹkan bí 0.7 W/m² ní ọdún 2015, èyí tí ó fi hàn pé Ilẹ̀ Ayé lapapọ̀ ń kó agbára ooru jọ, ó sì wà nínú ìlànà ìgbóná sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-ar6wg1-ch7&quot; /&gt; Ní ọdún 2024, ìtẹ̀síwájú àkókò gígùn náà ti pọ̀ sí i dé nǹkan bí ìlọ́po méjì iye yẹn.&lt;ref name=AGUadvances_20250510/&gt;

Ó ju 90% nínú agbára tí a ti dá sílẹ̀ pamọ́ lọ sí mímú òkun gbóná, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n kékeré gan-an tí ń lọ sí mímú ilẹ̀, afẹ́fẹ́, àti yìnyín gbóná.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Hawkins |first1=Ed |title=Earth's energy imbalance |url=https://www.climate-lab-book.ac.uk/2016/earths-energy-imbalance/ |website=Climate Lab Book |access-date=16 July 2023 |date=27 January 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Outgoing radiation with and without Greenhouse effect.svg|thumb|Ìfiwéra ìṣàn ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń gòkè sókè nínú gidi àti nínú àfojúsùn ìrònú kan níbi tí a ti yọ àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì àti àwọn ìkùukùu kúrò tàbí wọ́n pàdánù agbára wọn láti gba ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn—láì yí albedo Ilẹ̀ Ayé padà (ìyẹn ìfarahàn/ìgbàgbọ́ ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn). Apá òkè fi ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì láàárín ìgbóná àti ìtútù Ilẹ̀ Ayé hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ṣe wọn un ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (TOA). Apá (a) fi ipo gidi hàn pẹ̀lú ipa ilé-gíláàsì tí ń ṣiṣẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;rrtmeeb&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=RRTM Earth's Energy Budget |url=http://climatemodels.uchicago.edu/rrtm/index.html |publisher=University of Chicago |access-date=9 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Apá (b) fi ipo hàn lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀ lẹ́yìn tí ìgbàgbọ́ (absorption) dá dúró; gbogbo ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ojú ilẹ̀ ń tú jáde yóò dé òde ayé; ìtútù yóò pọ̀ ju ìgbóná lọ (láti ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn), èyí tí yóò fa ìdínkù kíákíá nínú ìwọ̀n ooru. Apá (c) fi ipo ìdúróṣinṣin ìkẹyìn hàn, lẹ́yìn tí ojú ilẹ̀ bá ti tutù tó bẹ́ẹ̀ tí yóò fi ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tó tó láti dọ́gba pẹ̀lú agbára tí ó ti gba láti ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn.&lt;ref name=&quot;rrtmeeb&quot;/&gt;]]

=== Yíyí ọjọ́ àti òru padà ===
Àpẹẹrẹ rọrùn kan máa ń gba pé ipo ìdúróṣinṣin (steady state) wà, ṣùgbọ́n nínú ayé gidi, yíyí ọjọ́ àti òru (diurnal cycle), àti yíyí ọdún (seasonal cycle) pẹ̀lú ìdààmú ojú-ọjọ́ (weather disturbances), máa ń jẹ́ kó nira sí i. Ìgbóná Oòrùn máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ nígbà ọ̀sán nìkan. Ní òru, afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń tutù díẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n kì í tutù púpọ̀ nítorí pé ìfaradà ooru (thermal inertia) ti ètò ojú-ọjọ́ ń koju ìyípadà ní ọ̀sán àti òru, àti pẹ̀lú fún àkókò gígùn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/HeatBucket/heatbucket4.php |title=Earth's Big Heat Bucket - Bad News, Good News |publisher=NASA Earth Observatory |author=Michon Scott |date=24 April 2006 |access-date=4 December 2022 |archive-date=4 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204153806/https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/HeatBucket/heatbucket4.php |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru ojoojúmọ́ máa ń dín kù bí a ṣe ń gòkè sí òkè nínú afẹ́fẹ́.

== Ìpa oṣùwọ̀n ìdínkù ooru pẹ̀lú gíga ==
=== Ìṣùwọ̀n ìdínkù ooru pẹ̀lú gíga ===
Ní apá ìsàlẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́, troposphere, ìtùtù afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń dín kù (tàbí ‘lapse’) bí a ṣe ń gòkè sí òkè. Ìwọ̀n tí ìtùtù ṣe ń yí padà pẹ̀lú gíga ni a ń pè ní lapse rate.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nugent5&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Nugent |first1=Alison |last2=DeCou |first2=David |title=ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES AND PHENOMENA: Chapter 5: Atmospheric Stability |url=http://pressbooks-dev.oer.hawaii.edu/atmo/chapter/chapter-5-atmospheric-stability/ |access-date=31 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lórí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ìtùtù afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n nǹkan bí 6.5 °C/km (3.6 °F fún 1000 ft), ní àpapọ̀, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé èyí máa ń yàtọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nugent5&quot; /&gt;

Ìdínkù ìtùtù pẹ̀lú gíga (temperature lapse) jẹ́ nítorí ìkòkò-ìṣàn afẹ́fẹ́ (convection). Afẹ́fẹ́ tí Oòrùn ti gbóná láti ojú ilẹ̀ máa ń gòkè sókè. Bí ó ṣe ń gòkè, afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń gbooro sí i, ó sì máa ń tutù. Ní àkókò kan náà, afẹ́fẹ́ mìíràn máa ń rọ̀ sísàlẹ̀, ó máa ń pọ́n (compress), ó sì máa ń gbóná. Ìlànà yìí ni ó ń dá ìyàtọ̀ ìtùtù láti ìpele kan sí omiì nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nugent5&quot; /&gt;

Ìyàtọ̀ ìtùtù pẹ̀lú gíga (vertical temperature gradient) ṣe pàtàkì fún ipa ilé-gíláàsì. Tí ìwọ̀n ìtùtù pẹ̀lú gíga bá jẹ́ òfo (ìyẹn pé ìtùtù afẹ́fẹ́ kò yàtọ̀ pẹ̀lú gíga, ó sì dọ́gba pẹ̀lú ìtùtù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé), nígbà náà kì yóò sí ipa ilé-gíláàsì rárá (ìyẹn pé iye rẹ̀ yóò jẹ́ òfo).&lt;ref name=&quot;ThomasStamnes1999&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=Gary E. |last2=Stamnes |first2=Knut |title=Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere and Ocean |url=https://archive.org/details/radiativetransfe0000thom |date=1999 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-40124-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìwọ̀n ìtújáde ooru àti gíga ===
[[Fáìlì:Spectral OLR.png|thumb|Ìtùtù níbi tí ìtọ́jú ooru (thermal radiation) ti jáde lè jẹ́ kó ye wa nípa fífi ìfarahàn (intensity) ní wavenumber kan pàtó wé ìfarahàn kúrú (black-body emission curve). Nínú àwòrán yìí, àwọn ìtùtù ìtújáde (emission temperatures) wà láàárín Tmin àti Ts. “Wavenumber” ni ìgbàkànsí (frequency) tí a pín pẹ̀lú iyara ìmọ́lẹ̀ (speed of light).]]
Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ń jẹ́ kí afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé fẹrẹẹ̀ má ṣeé kọjá fún ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation). Afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í jẹ́ kedere fún ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn ní àwọn gíga tó ga sí i, níbi tí afẹ́fẹ́ ti kéré sí i, omi inú afẹ́fẹ́ (water vapour) ti dín kù, àti pé ìdínkù ìtànkálẹ̀ ìgbì ìgbàgbọ́ (pressure broadening) nínú àwọn laini ìgbàgbọ́ (absorption lines) máa ń dín àgbègbè gígùn ìgbì tí àwọn molikula gaasi lè gba kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Plass1950&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Strong |first1=J. |last2=Plass |first2=G. N. |date=1950 |title=The Effect of Pressure Broadening of Spectral Lines on Atmospheric Temperature |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1950ApJ...112..365S/abstract#:~:text=Pressure%20broadening%20causes%20lines%20in,absorbed%20by%20the%20upper%20layers. |journal=Astrophysical Journal |volume=112 |page=365 |bibcode=1950ApJ...112..365S |doi=10.1086/145352}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Fún gígùn ìgbì kan kọọkan, ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) tí ń dé òde ayé ni a ń tú jáde láti ìpele ìtọ́jú kan pàtó nínú afẹ́fẹ́. Ìfarahàn (intensity) ìtọ́jú tí a ń tú jáde jẹ́ kó da lórí àárín ìtùtù afẹ́fẹ́ tí a fi ìwọ̀n tó yẹ ṣe ìwọ̀n nínú ìpele yẹn. Nítorí náà, fún gígùn ìgbì kọọkan ti ìtọ́jú tí ń jáde lọ sí òde ayé, ìwọ̀n ìtùtù ìtújáde tó bá a mu (effective emission temperature) wà, tàbí ohun tí a tún ń pè ní ìtùtù ìmọ́lẹ̀ (brightness temperature).&lt;ref name=&quot;Pierrehumbert2011&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pierrehumbert |first1=R. T. |date=January 2011 |title=Infrared radiation and planetary temperature |url=https://geosci.uchicago.edu/~rtp1/papers/PhysTodayRT2011.pdf |website=Physics Today |publisher=American Institute of Physics |pages=33–38}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Gígùn ìgbì ìtọ́jú (radiation) kan pàtó tún lè ní gíga ìtújáde tó munadoko (effective emission altitude), èyí tí ó jẹ́ àárín ìwọ̀n gíga tí a ṣe ìdíwọ̀n pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n tó yẹ nínú ìpele ìtọ́jú tí ń tú un jáde.

Ìtùtù ìtújáde tó munadoko (effective emission temperature) àti gíga ìtújáde (altitude) máa ń yàtọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí gígùn ìgbì (wavelength) tàbí ìgbàkànsí (frequency) ṣe yàtọ̀. A lè rí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí nípa ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò àwọn àwòrán (plots) ìtọ́jú (radiation) tí ń jáde lọ sí òde ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pierrehumbert2011&quot; /&gt;

=== Ìyàtọ̀ ìtújáde gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì àti ìwọ̀n ìdínkù ìtùtù pẹ̀lú gíga ===
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect Overview.svg|thumb|Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì (GHGs) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tó pọ̀ ní nítòsí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń gba púpọ̀ nínú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé gbóná ń tú jáde. Àwọn GHGs nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tí kò pọ̀ ní àwọn gíga tó ga sí i—tí ó tutù sí i nítorí ìwọ̀n ìdínkù ìtùtù ayíká (environmental lapse rate)—máa ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn jáde sí òde ayé ní ìwọ̀n tó kéré ju ìtọ́jú tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde lọ.]]
Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) jáde pẹ̀lú gígùn ìgbì tó wà láàárín 4–100 microns.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mitchell-1989&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|doi=10.1029/RG027i001p00115|last=Mitchell|first=John F. B.|date=1989|title=The &quot;Greenhouse&quot; effect and Climate Change|journal=Reviews of Geophysics|volume=27|issue=1|pages=115–139|url=https://astrosun2.astro.cornell.edu/academics/courses/astro202/Mitchell_GRL89.pdf|access-date=23 March 2008|bibcode=1989RvGeo..27..115M|citeseerx=10.1.1.459.471|archive-date=15 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615024949/http://astrosun2.astro.cornell.edu/academics/courses/astro202/Mitchell_GRL89.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse gases) tí ó fẹrẹẹ̀ jẹ́ kedere fún ìtọ́jú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń wọlé máa ń gba (absorb) díẹ̀ nínú àwọn gígùn ìgbì tó wà nínú àkókò/àgbègbè yìí ní kíkún ju míì lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Mitchell-1989&quot; /&gt;

Afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà nítòsí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé kì í jẹ́ kí ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) rìn kọjá rárá dáadáa, nítorí náà ọ̀pọ̀ ìsonù ooru láti ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìyọ̀ omi (evaporation) àti ìkòkò-ìṣàn afẹ́fẹ́ (convection). Síbẹ̀, ìsonù agbára nípasẹ̀ ìtọ́jú (radiative energy losses) máa ń di pàtàkì sí i bí a ṣe ń gòkè sí àwọn gíga afẹ́fẹ́, pàápàá jùlọ nítorí ìdínkù ìpọ̀ omi inú afẹ́fẹ́ (water vapour), tí ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì pàtàkì.

Dípò kí a máa rò pé ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) tí ń lọ sí òde ayé ń wá láti ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé fúnra rẹ̀, ó dára sí i láti rò pé ìtọ́jú tí ń jáde yìí ń bọ láti ìpele kan nínú aárín troposphere, èyí tí ó ní ìbáṣepọ̀ pẹ̀lú ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé nípasẹ̀ ìwọ̀n ìdínkù ìtùtù pẹ̀lú gíga (lapse rate). Ìyàtọ̀ ìtùtù láàárín àwọn ibi méjì yìí ló ń ṣàlàyé ìyàtọ̀ láàárín ìtọ́jú tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde àti ìtọ́jú tí ń lọ sí òde ayé, ìyẹn ni pé ó ń ṣàlàyé ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.e-education.psu.edu/meteo469/node/198 |title=METEO 469: From Meteorology to Mitigation - Understanding Global Warming - Lesson 5 - Modelling of the Climate System - One-Layer Energy Balance Model |publisher=[[Pennsylvania State University]] College of Mineral and Earth Sciences - Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences |last1=Mann |first1=Michael |last2=Gaudet |first2=Brian |access-date=4 November 2022 |archive-date=31 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031022823/https://www.e-education.psu.edu/meteo469/node/198 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tziperman2022&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Tziperman |first1=Eli |title=Global Warming Science |date=2022 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9780691228808}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ohun ìdípọ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ń gba ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ==
=== Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ===
Gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse gas, GHG) jẹ́ gáàsì kan tí ń kópa nínú ìdènà ìtújáde ooru nípa dídènà ìrìnàjò ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) láti jáde kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan. Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ló ń kópa jù lọ nínú ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) nínú ìṣètò agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Earth’s energy budget).&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn gáàsì tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ lórí infurarẹẹdi ===
Àwọn gáàsì tí ó lè gba àti tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) jáde ni a ń pè ní àwọn gáàsì tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ lórí infurarẹẹdi (infrared active)&lt;ref name=&quot;Archer2011Ch4&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Archer |first1=David |title=Global Warming: Understanding the Forecast, Chapter 4: Greenhouse Gases |date=2011 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-0470943410 |edition=2 |url=http://forecast.uchicago.edu/chapter4.pdf |access-date=14 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;, wọ́n sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì.

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn gáàsì tí molíkúlù wọn ní àtọ́ka méjì (bíi carbon monoxide, CO), àti gbogbo àwọn gáàsì tí molíkúlù wọn ní àtọ́ka mẹ́ta tàbí jù bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ (pẹ̀lú H₂O àti CO₂), jẹ́ infrared active, wọ́n sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì. (Ní ìtúmọ̀ ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ, èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé nígbà tí molíkúlù wọ̀nyí bá ń mì (vibrate), ìmì yẹn máa ń yí dipole moment molíkúlù náà padà, ìyẹn ni àìdọ́gba nínú ìpínpin ìná iná (electrical charge). Wo Infrared spectroscopy.)&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC&quot; /&gt;

Àwọn gáàsì tí molíkúlù wọn ní atomu kan ṣoṣo (bíi argon, Ar) tàbí tí ó ní atomu méjì tí ó jọ ara wọn (bíi nitrogen, N₂, àti oxygen, O₂) kì í ṣe infrared active. Wọ́n jẹ́ kedere fún ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation), àti fún ìdí iṣe, wọn kì í gba tàbí tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn jáde rárá. (Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé molíkúlù wọn jẹ́ aládàáṣe (symmetrical), nítorí náà kò ní dipole moment.) Irú àwọn gáàsì bẹ́ẹ̀ ló jẹ́ ju ìdá 99% nínú afẹ́fẹ́ gbígbẹ (dry atmosphere).&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC&quot; /&gt;

=== Ìgbàgbọ́ àti ìtújáde ===
[[Fáìlì:Longwave Absorption Coefficients of H2O and CO2.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| Àwọn olùka ìgbàgbọ́ (absorption coefficients) ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave) ti oru omi (water vapor) àti carbon dioxide. Fún àwọn gígùn ìgbì tó sún mọ́ 15 microns (15 μm lórí ìwọ̀n òkè), níbi tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ti ń tú ìtọ́jú jáde ní kíkún, CO₂ jẹ́ olùgba ìtọ́jú (absorber) tó lágbára ju oru omi lọ.]] Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse gases) ń gba (absorb) àti ń tú (emit) ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) jáde nínú àwọn àgbègbè gígùn ìgbì kan pàtó (wavelength ranges), tí a ṣètò gẹ́gẹ́ bí laini ìgbàgbọ́ (spectral lines) tàbí ìbáńdà (bands).&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC&quot; /&gt;

Nígbà tí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse gases) bá gba ìtọ́jú (radiation), wọ́n máa ń pín agbára tí wọ́n ti gba náà sí afẹ́fẹ́ tó yí wọn ká gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbára gbígbóná (thermal energy), ìyẹn agbára ìrìnàjò (kinetic energy) àwọn molikúlù gáàsì. A máa ń kó agbára láti inú molikúlù gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì lọ sí àwọn molikúlù mìíràn nípasẹ̀ ìjàkùkù (collisions) láàárín molikúlù.&lt;ref name=&quot;uaATMO336eeb&quot; /&gt;

Ní ìtakora sí ohun tí a máa ń sọ nígbà míì, àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì kì í “tún tújáde” fọ́tónù (photons) lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n bá ti gba ìtọ́jú náà. Nítorí pé molíkúlù kọ̀ọ̀kan máa ń ní ọ̀pọ̀ bilíọ̀nù ìjàkùkù (collisions) lọ́dọọdún kejì kejì (per second), agbára tí molíkúlù gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì bá gba nípasẹ̀ gbígba fọ́tónù máa ń tàn kálẹ̀ sí àwọn molíkúlù mìíràn kíákíá ṣáájú kí àǹfààní ìtújáde fọ́tónù tuntun lè wáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;uaATMO336eeb&quot; /&gt;

Nínú ìlànà míì, àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) jáde, ní ìwọ̀n tí ìtùtù afẹ́fẹ́ ṣe ń ṣàkóso. Agbára gbígbóná (thermal energy) yìí máa ń jẹ́ kí àwọn molíkúlù gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì mìíràn gba a, tàbí kí ó jáde kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí sì máa ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ tutù sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;uaATMO336eeb&quot; /&gt;

=== Ìpa ìtọ́jú ===
Ìpa lórí afẹ́fẹ́: Afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń gbóná nípasẹ̀ ooru tí a fi pamọ́ (latent heat) — omi afẹ́fẹ́ tí ń di dígì (condensation) tí ó sì ń tú ooru jáde, ìṣàn afẹ́fẹ́ gbígbóná (thermals) tí ń gòkè láti ìsàlẹ̀, àti nípasẹ̀ ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí a gba nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;budget&quot; /&gt; Afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń tutù nípasẹ̀ ìtànkálẹ̀ ìtọ́jú (radiative cooling), níbi tí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì àti àwọn ìkùukùu ti ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave thermal radiation) jáde. Nínú troposphere, àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì sábà máa ń ní ipa ìtútù apapọ̀ lórí afẹ́fẹ́, nítorí pé wọ́n máa ń tú ìtọ́jú gbígbóná jáde ju bí wọ́n ṣe ń gba a lọ. Ìgbóná àti ìtútù afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń wà ní ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì dáadáa, ní àpapọ̀, kí afẹ́fẹ́ lè pa ìtùtù àárín rẹ̀ mọ́ ní ìpele tó fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ dúró ṣinṣin.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;{{rp|139}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Manabe1964&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Manabe |first1=S. |last2=Strickler |first2=R. F. |title=Thermal Equilibrium of the Atmosphere with a Convective Adjustment |url=https://archive.org/details/journal-of-the-atmospheric-sciences_1964-07_21_4/page/361 |journal=J. Atmos. Sci. |date=1964 |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=361–385 |doi=10.1175/1520-0469(1964)021&lt;0361:TEOTAW&gt;2.0.CO;2|doi-access=free |bibcode=1964JAtS...21..361M }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìpa lórí ìtútù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé: Ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) máa ń ṣàn lọ sí òkè àti sí ìsàlẹ̀ mejeeji nítorí ìgbàgbọ́ (absorption) àti ìtújáde (emission) nínú afẹ́fẹ́. Àwọn ìṣàn agbára tó ń fagilé ara wọn yìí máa ń dín ìtútù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé kù nípasẹ̀ ìtọ́jú (radiative cooling), ìyẹn ni ìṣàn agbára ìtọ́jú tí ń lọ sí òkè ní àpapọ̀ (net upward radiative energy flow). Gbigbe ooru pẹ̀lú ooru tí a fi pamọ́ (latent heat transport) àti ìṣàn afẹ́fẹ́ gbígbóná (thermals) máa ń pèsè ìtútù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé tí kì í ṣe ti ìtọ́jú (non-radiative surface cooling), èyí tí ó máa ń díẹ̀ dènà ìdínkù yìí, ṣùgbọ́n ṣì wà ìdínkù àpapọ̀ nínú ìtútù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé, fún ìwọn ìtùtù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé kan náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;{{rp|139}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Manabe1964&quot; /&gt;

Ìpa lórí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (TOA energy balance): Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ní ipa lórí ìṣètò agbára ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (top-of-atmosphere, TOA) nípa dídín ìṣàn ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) tí ń jáde sí òde ayé kù, fún ìtùtù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé kan náà. Nítorí náà, àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ń yí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára ní TOA padà. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé ìtùtù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé gbọ́dọ̀ ga sí i (ju ìtùtù tó munadoko pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà lọ, ìyẹn ni ìtùtù tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìtọ́jú tí ń lọ sí òde ayé), kí agbára tí ń jáde sí òde ayé lè dọ́gba pẹ̀lú agbára tí ń wọlé láti ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;{{rp|139}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Manabe1964&quot; /&gt; Ó ṣe pàtàkì láti dojú kọ ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (TOA energy budget) dípò ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé, nígbà tí a bá ń ṣàlàyé ipa ìgbóná tí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ń fa.&lt;ref name=&quot;PierrehumbertTextbook&quot; /&gt;{{rp|414}}
[[File:Atmospheric heat flow profile.svg|thumb|upright=2.5|Ìṣàn ooru nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tó ń fi hàn (a) ìṣàn ooru ìtọ́jú (radiative heat flow) tí ń lọ sókè àti àwọn ìṣàn ìtọ́jú tí ń lọ sókè àti sí ìsàlẹ̀, (b) ìṣàn ooru tí kì í ṣe ti ìtọ́jú (non-radiative heat flow) tí ń lọ sókè (ooru tí a fi pamọ́ (latent heat) àti ìṣàn afẹ́fẹ́ gbígbóná (thermals)), (c) ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì láàárín ìgbóná àti ìtútù afẹ́fẹ́ ní gíga kọ̀ọ̀kan, àti (d) àwòrán ìpín ìtùtù afẹ́fẹ́ (temperature profile) rẹ̀.]]

=== Àwọn ìkùukùu àti àwọn aerosol ===
Àwọn ìkùukùu (clouds) àti àwọn aerosol (aerosols) ní ipa ìtútù àti ipa ìgbóná mejeeji. Ipa ìtútù wọn ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú dídá ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn padà sí òde ayé, nígbà tí ipa ìgbóná wọn ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú dídènà àti ìpamọ́ ìtọ́jú ooru (thermal radiation).

Ní àpapọ̀, àwọn ìkùukùu (clouds) ní ipa ìtútù àpapọ̀ tó lágbára. Síbẹ̀, ìdàpọ̀ ipa ìtútù àti ipa ìgbóná máa ń yàtọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn àbùdá pàtó àwọn ìkùukùu kan ṣe rí, pẹ̀lú irú wọn, gíga tí wọ́n wà, àti àwọn àbùdá opítíkà (optical properties) wọn.&lt;ref name=&quot;GFDLcre&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Cloud Radiative Effect |url=https://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/cloud-radiative-effect/ |publisher=NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory |access-date=15 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìkùukùu cirrus tó rẹ̀rẹ̀ lè ní ipa ìgbóná àpapọ̀. Àwọn ìkùukùu lè gba (absorb) àti tú (emit) ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi (infrared radiation) jáde, nítorí náà wọ́n lè ní ipa lórí àwọn àbùdá ìtọ́jú (radiative properties) afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Liou |first=Kuo-Nan |date=1 June 1986 |title=Influence of Cirrus Clouds on Weather and Climate Processes: A Global Perspective |url=https://archive.org/details/monthly-weather-review_1986-06_114_6/page/1167 |journal=Monthly Weather Review |language=EN |volume=114 |issue=6 |pages=1167–1199 |doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1986)114&lt;1167:IOCCOW&gt;2.0.CO;2 |bibcode=1986MWRv..114.1167L |issn=1520-0493 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn aerosol inú afẹ́fẹ́ (atmospheric aerosols) ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé nípa yíyí iye ìtọ́jú ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń wọlé àti iye ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn ilẹ̀-ayé (terrestrial longwave radiation) tí a ń pa mọ́ nínú ètò Ilẹ̀ Ayé padà. Èyí máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ ọ̀pọ̀ ìlànà tó yàtọ̀ sí ara wọn, tí a pín sí ipa aerosol tààrà (direct effects), ipa aerosol àìtààrà (indirect effects),&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-Particulate_matter_Haywood2000-71&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-Particulate_matter_Twomey1977-72&lt;/ref&gt; àti ipa aerosol ààrin tààrà (semi-direct effects). Àwọn ipa aerosol lórí ojú-ọjọ́ ni orísun àìdánilójú tó tóbi jù lọ nínú àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ojú-ọjọ́ ọjọ́ iwájú.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-Particulate_matter_Forster2007-73&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbìmọ̀ Alákóso Lórí Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC) sọ ní ọdún 2001 pé:&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect#cite_note-74&lt;/ref&gt; “Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a lè pinnu ìfipa ìtọ́jú (radiative forcing) tí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ń fa pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú tó dára, àwọn àìdánilójú tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìfipa ìtọ́jú tí àwọn aerosol ń fa ṣì pọ̀ gan-an. Ní ìwọ̀n púpọ̀, wọ́n gbára lé àwọn ìṣírò láti inú àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe àgbáyé (global climate models), tí ó sì ṣòro láti fi ìdánwò tàbí àkíyèsí jẹ́rìí sí ní àkókò yìí.”

== Àwọn fọ́ọ̀mùlà ìpìlẹ̀ ==
=== Ìwọ̀n Ooru Tó Munadoko ===
Ìṣàn ìtọ́jú ooru (thermal radiation flux) kan máa ń ní ìwọ̀n ooru ìtọ́jú tó munadoko (effective radiating temperature) tàbí ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko (effective temperature) tí ó bá a mu. Ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko ni ìwọ̀n ooru tí black body (ohun kan tí ó lè gba àti tú gbogbo ìtọ́jú jáde ní pípé) yóò nílò láti ní kí ó lè tú iye ìtọ́jú ooru náà jáde.&lt;ref name=&quot;mbta&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Box 2: Solar and Earth Radiation and the Greenhouse Effect (adapted from Mackenzie, 2003) |url=http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/mguidry/Unnamed_Site_2/Chapter%202/Figures/Box%202%20Solar%20and%20Earth%20Radiation%20Greenhouse%20Effect.pdf |website=Myron B. Thompson Academy |date=2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí náà, ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko gbogbogbòò ti pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan ni

:&lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{eff} = (\mathrm{OLR}/\sigma)^{1/4}&lt;/math&gt;

níbi tí OLR jẹ́ àárín ìṣàn (agbára fún ẹ̀ka àgbègbè kan) ti ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (outgoing longwave radiation) tí ń jáde lọ sí òde ayé, àti pé &lt;math&gt;\sigma&lt;/math&gt; jẹ́ ìdúróṣinṣin Stefan–Boltzmann (Stefan–Boltzmann constant). Ní irú ọ̀nà kan náà, ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko ti ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ni

:&lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{surface,eff} = (\mathrm{SLR}/\sigma)^{1/4}&lt;/math&gt;

níbi tí SLR jẹ́ àárín ìṣàn ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde. (OLR jẹ́ àkótán tí a ti ń lò ní gbogbogbòò. A sì lo SLR níbí láti ṣàpèjúwe ìṣàn ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé kò sí àkótán àjọṣe tó gba gbogbo ènìyàn gbọ́ fún un.)&lt;ref name=&quot;Haberle2013&quot; /&gt;

=== Àwọn Ìwọ̀n Ìdíwọ̀n Fún Ìpa Ilé-Gíláàsì ===
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect metrics time series.svg|thumb|upright= 1.35|Ìlọsíwájú nínú ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) Ilẹ̀ Ayé láàárín ọdún 2000 sí 2022, gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìsọfúnni láti inú satẹ́làítì NASA CERES ṣe fi hàn.]]

IPCC sọ pé ìpa ilé-gíláàsì, G, jẹ́ 159 W m⁻², níbi tí G ti jẹ́ ìṣàn ìtọ́jú ooru ìgbi gígùn (longwave thermal radiation) tí ń fi ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé sílẹ̀, kúrò nínú ìṣàn ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ń jáde tí ó sì dé òde ayé:&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-ar6wg1-ch7&quot; /&gt;{{rp|968}}&lt;ref name=&quot;ravram1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidt2010&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidt2010paper&quot; /&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;G = \mathrm{SLR} - \mathrm{OLR}\;.&lt;/math&gt;

Ní ọ̀nà míì, a lè ṣàpèjúwe ipa ilé-gíláàsì nípasẹ̀ ìpa ilé-gíláàsì tí a ṣe àfíwọ̀n sí (normalized greenhouse effect), g̃, tí a ṣàlàyé gẹ́gẹ́ bí:

:&lt;math&gt;\tilde g = G/\mathrm{SLR} = 1 - \mathrm{OLR}/\mathrm{SLR}\;.&lt;/math&gt;

Ìpa ilé-gíláàsì tí a ṣe àfíwọ̀n sí (normalized greenhouse effect) ni ìpín nínú gbogbo ìtọ́jú ooru (thermal radiation) tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde tí kò dé òde ayé. Da lórí àwọn iye tí IPCC fún, g̃= 0.40. Ní àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ míì, ìtọ́jú ooru tí ń dé òde ayé kéré ní ìdá 40% ju iye tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-ar6wg1-ch7&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis |date=2021 |publisher=IPCC |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter07.pdf |access-date=24 April 2023 |chapter=Chapter 7: The Earth's Energy Budget, Climate Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|968}}&lt;ref name=&quot;ravram1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Raval |first1=A. |last2=Ramanathan |first2=V. |title=Observational determination of the greenhouse effect |journal=Nature |date=1989 |volume=342 |issue=6251 |pages=758–761 |doi=10.1038/342758a0 |bibcode=1989Natur.342..758R |s2cid=4326910 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/342758a0|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Nígbà míì, a máa ń fi ìyàtọ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru (temperature difference) ṣe ìwọ̀n ipa ilé-gíláàsì. Ìyàtọ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru yìí ní ìbáṣepọ̀ tó sún mọ́ra pẹ̀lú àwọn ìwọ̀n tí a mẹ́nu kàn lókè.

Nígbà tí a bá ṣàfihàn ipa ilé-gíláàsì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyàtọ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru, &lt;math&gt;\Delta T_\mathrm{GHE}&lt;/math&gt;, èyí ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko (effective temperature) tí ó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìtọ́jú ooru (thermal radiation) tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde, kúrò nínú ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko tí ó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú ìtọ́jú tí ń jáde lọ sí òde ayé:

:&lt;math&gt;\Delta T_\mathrm{GHE} = T_\mathrm{surface,eff} - T_\mathrm{eff}&lt;/math&gt;
:&lt;math&gt;\Delta T_\mathrm{GHE} = \left(\mathrm{SLR}/\sigma\right)^{1/4} - \left(\mathrm{OLR}/\sigma\right)^{1/4}&lt;/math&gt;

Nínú àwọn ìjíròrò àìlékọ̀ọ́kan lórí ipa ilé-gíláàsì, a sábà máa ń fi ìwọ̀n ooru gidi ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé wé ìwọ̀n ooru tí pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà yóò ní bí kò bá sí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì. Síbẹ̀, nínú àwọn ìjíròrò ìmọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì àti ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ tó jinlẹ̀, nígbà tí a bá ń fi ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ìwọ̀n ipa ilé-gíláàsì, a sábà máa ń lo fọ́ọ̀mùlà tó wà lókè. Fọ́ọ̀mùlà náà ń tọ́ka sí ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé tó munadoko (effective surface temperature), kì í ṣe ìwọ̀n ooru gidi ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Ó tún ń fi ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé wé òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (top of the atmosphere), dípò fífi ayé gidi wé ipò àfojúsùn ìrònú kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Haberle2013&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Haberle |first1=Robert M. |title=Estimating the power of Mars' greenhouse effect |journal=Icarus |date=2013 |volume=223 |issue=1 |pages=619–620 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2012.12.022|bibcode=2013Icar..223..619H }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìyàtọ̀ ìwọ̀n ooru, &lt;math&gt;\Delta T_\mathrm{GHE}&lt;/math&gt;, ń fi hàn bí ojú pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì ṣe gbóná ju ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko gbogbogbòò (overall effective temperature) ti pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà lọ.

=== Ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì Ìtọ́jú ===
[[Fáìlì:Earth Energy Budget with GHE.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| A lè lóye ipa ilé-gíláàsì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìdínkù nínú munadoko ìtútù pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì (''planetary cooling''). A máa ń ṣe ìwọ̀n ipa ilé-gíláàsì gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìpín nínú ìṣàn ìtọ́jú (''radiation flux'') tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú jáde tí kò dé òde ayé, ìyẹn ni 40% tàbí 159 W/m². Díẹ̀ nínú ìtọ́jú tí a tú jáde máa ń jẹ́ fífi fagilé pẹ̀lú ìtọ́jú tí ń bọ sísàlẹ̀ (''downwelling radiation''), nítorí náà kò kó ooru lọ ní tòótọ́. Ìyọ̀ omi (''evaporation'') àti ìkòkò-ìṣàn afẹ́fẹ́ (''convection'') máa ń san díẹ̀ lára ìdínkù ìtútù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé yìí padà. Ìwọ̀n ooru kékeré ní àwọn gíga tó ga nínú afẹ́fẹ́ sì ń fi ààlà sí ìwọ̀n tí ìtọ́jú ooru (''thermal radiation'') lè jáde lọ sí òde ayé.]]
Àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (Earth's top-of-atmosphere energy imbalance, EEI) ni ìwọ̀n tí agbára ìtọ́jú tí ń wọlé fi pọ̀ ju agbára ìtọ́jú tí ń jáde lọ:&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\mathrm{EEI} = \mathrm{ASR} -\mathrm{OLR}&lt;/math&gt;

níbi tí ASR ti jẹ́ àárín ìṣàn ìtọ́jú oòrùn tí a ti gba (mean flux of absorbed solar radiation). A lè tú ASR sílẹ̀ sí

:&lt;math&gt;\mathrm{ASR} = (1-A) \,\mathrm{MSI}&lt;/math&gt;

níbi tí &lt;math&gt;A&lt;/math&gt; ti jẹ́ albedo (ìfarahàn pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà, ìyẹn agbára rẹ̀ láti da ìmọ́lẹ̀ padà), àti pé MSI jẹ́ àárín ìwọ̀n agbára ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń wọlé ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (mean solar irradiance incoming at the top of the atmosphere).

A lè ṣàfihàn ìwọ̀n ooru ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì ìtọ́jú (radiative equilibrium temperature) ti pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan gẹ́gẹ́ bí

:&lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{radeq} = (\mathrm{ASR}/\sigma)^{1/4} = \left[(1-A)\,\mathrm{MSI}/\sigma  \right]^{1/4} \;.&lt;/math&gt;

Ìwọ̀n ooru pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan máa ń yí padà lọ sí ipò ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì ìtọ́jú (radiative equilibrium), níbi tí àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (top-of-atmosphere energy imbalance, EEI) ti jẹ́ odo, ìyẹn ni: &lt;math&gt;\mathrm{EEI} = 0&lt;/math&gt;. Nígbà tí pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan bá wà ní ipò ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì ìtọ́jú (radiative equilibrium), ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko gbogbogbòò (overall effective temperature) ti pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà ni a lè fi hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí:

:&lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{eff} = T_\mathrm{radeq}\;.&lt;/math&gt;

Nítorí náà, èrò ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì ìtọ́jú (radiative equilibrium) ṣe pàtàkì nítorí pé ó ń fi hàn ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko (effective temperature) tí pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan máa ń fẹ́ lọ sí ní ìparí.&lt;ref name=&quot;ACSPredPlanTemp&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Predicted Planetary Temperatures |url=https://www.acs.org/climatescience/energybalance/predictedplanetarytemperatures.html |website=ACS Climate Science Toolkit |publisher=American Chemical Society |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326030348/https://www.acs.org/climatescience/energybalance/planetarytemperatures.html| archive-date=26 March 2023|access-date=14 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rrtmeeb&quot; /&gt;

Tí a bá tún mọ ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko (effective temperature), ní àfikún sí i, &lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{eff}&lt;/math&gt;, Tí a bá tún mọ ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko (effective temperature), tí a sì mọ iye ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect), nígbà náà a lè mọ àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà (mean surface temperature).

Èyí ni ìdí tí ìwọ̀n tí a mọ̀ sí ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) fi ṣe pàtàkì: ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìwọ̀n díẹ̀ tó ń pinnu àárín ìwọ̀n ooru ojú pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì (mean surface temperature).

=== Ipa Ilé-Gíláàsì àti Ìwọ̀n Ooru ===
Ní ìpò gbogbogbòò, pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan máa ń sún mọ́ ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì ìtọ́jú (radiative equilibrium), níbi tí ìwọ̀n ìṣàn agbára tí ń wọlé àti tí ń jáde ti máa ń wà ní ìdọ́gba tó dára. Ní irú ipò bẹ́ẹ̀, ìwọ̀n ooru ìdọ́gba (equilibrium temperature) pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì ni a máa ń pinnu pẹ̀lú àárín ìwọ̀n ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ń wọlé (mean solar irradiance) àti albedo pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà (ìyẹn iye ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí a ń padà sẹ́yìn sí òde ayé dípò kí a gba a).

Ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) ń fi hàn bí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe gbóná ju ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko gbogbogbòò ti pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà lọ. Nítorí náà, ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé tó munadoko (effective surface temperature), &lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{surface,eff}&lt;/math&gt;, jẹ́, nípa lílo ìtumọ̀ tí a ṣàlàyé ti &lt;math&gt;\Delta T_\mathrm{GHE}&lt;/math&gt;,

:&lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{surface,eff} = T_\mathrm{eff} + \Delta T_\mathrm{GHE} \;.&lt;/math&gt;

Ọ̀kan lè tún ṣàfihàn ìbáṣepọ̀ láàárín &lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{surface,eff}&lt;/math&gt; àti &lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{eff}&lt;/math&gt; nípa lílo ''G'' tàbí ''g̃''.

Nítorí náà, ìlànà pé ipa ilé-gíláàsì tó tóbi jù máa ń bá ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé tó ga jù mu, bí a bá pa gbogbo ohun mìíràn mọ́ (ìyẹn, àwọn nkan tí ń pinnu &lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{eff}&lt;/math&gt;), jẹ́ òótọ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìtumọ̀ rẹ̀ fúnra rẹ̀.

Ṣàkíyèsí pé ipa ilé-gíláàsì (greenhouse effect) ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru gbogbo pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì náà pẹ̀lú, ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ìtẹ̀sí pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì láti sún mọ́ ipò ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì ìtọ́jú (radiative equilibrium).&lt;ref name=&quot;Modest2021&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn Àròsọ Tó Kò Tọ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Earth's Overall Heat Flow.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|Ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn (longwave radiation) jáde sínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti sí òde ayé. Ìwọ̀n ìṣàn ooru lapapọ (net heat flow) máa ń lọ láti ibi tó gbóná sí ibi tó tutù, ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú òfin kejì ti ìmò ìtọ́jú ooru (''second law of thermodynamics'').&lt;ref name=&quot;2ndlawviol&quot; /&gt; (Àwòrán ìṣàn ooru yìí jẹ́ àfihàn tó jọ àwòrán ìṣúná agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé tí NASA ṣe. Àwọn data náà wá láti ọdún 2009.)]]
Àwọn àìníyé àti àròsọ kan sábà máa ń wà nípa bí ipa ilé-gíláàsì ṣe ń ṣiṣẹ́ àti bí ó ṣe ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru pọ̀ sí i.

Àṣìṣe ìrònú tó wọ́pọ̀ ni a máa ń pè ní “àṣìṣe ìṣúná ojú Ilẹ̀” (surface budget fallacy).&lt;ref name=&quot;PierrehumbertTextbook&quot; /&gt;{{rp|413}} Ó wáyé nígbà tí ènìyàn bá rò pé ìpọ̀sí nínú ìfarahan CO₂ lè fa ìgbóná nìkan nípa mímú kí ìtọ́jú ìgbóná (downward thermal radiation) sí ojú Ilẹ̀ pọ̀ sí i, nítorí pé ó ń jẹ́ kí afẹ́fẹ́ di ẹni tó ń tú ìtọ́jú dara sí i. Tí afẹ́fẹ́ ní ìsàlẹ̀ Ilẹ̀ bá ti fẹrẹẹ̀ di aláìlẹ́gbẹ́ fún ìtọ́jú ìgbóná (opaque) tán, èyí lè dà bíi pé CO₂ kì yóò tún lè fa ìgbóná kankan sí i. Ṣùgbọ́n ó jẹ́ àṣìṣe láti fojú kọ ìṣúná agbára ojú Ilẹ̀ (surface energy budget) dípò ìṣúná agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (top-of-atmosphere energy budget). Kò sí ìyàtọ̀ ohun tí ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ojú Ilẹ̀, ìpọ̀sí nínú CO₂ máa ń dín ìtọ́jú ìgbóná tí ń jáde lọ sí òde ayé (OLR) kù, èyí sì ń fa àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (TOA energy imbalance) tí ó yọrí sí ìgbóná. Àwọn olùwádìí àkọ́kọ́ bíi Callendar (1938)&lt;ref name=Callendar_193804&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Callendar |first1=G. S. |title=The artificial production of carbon dioxide and its influence on temperature |journal=Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |date=April 1938 |doi=10.1002/qj.49706427503}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti Plass (1959) dojú kọ ìṣúná ojú Ilẹ̀, ṣùgbọ́n iṣẹ́ Manabe ní ọdún 1960s ṣe àlàyé kedere ìtóbi pàtàkì ìṣúná agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;PierrehumbertTextbook&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Pierrehumbert |first1=Raymond T. |title=Principles of Planetary Climate |date=2010 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-86556-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|414}}

Lára àwọn tí kò gba ipa ilé-gíláàsì gbọ́, àṣìṣe ìrònú kan wà pé ipa ilé-gíláàsì túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ń rán ooru láti afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó tutù sí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé tí ó gbóná, èyí tí yóò jẹ́ ìtakora sí òfin kejì ti ìmò ìtọ́jú ooru (second law of thermodynamics).&lt;ref name=&quot;2ndlawviol&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Warming Violates the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Brief Responses to Climate Change Denialism Statements |url=https://www.geol.umd.edu/sgc/elevator/elevator34.html |publisher=University of Maryland |access-date=13 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Halpern2010&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Halpern |first1=J. B. |last2=Close |first2=C. M. |last3=Ho-Stuart |first3=C. |last4=Shore |first4=J. D. |last5=Smith |first5=A. P. |last6=Zimmermann |first6=J. |title=Comment on &quot;falsification of the Atmospheric CO2 Greenhouse Effects Within the Frame of Physics&quot; |journal=International Journal of Modern Physics B |date=2010 |volume=24 |issue=10 |pages=1309–1332 |doi=10.1142/S021797921005555X}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, èrò yìí jẹ́ àìníyé. Ìṣàn ìtọ́jú ooru (radiation heat flow) jẹ́ ìṣàn agbára neti (net energy flow) lẹ́yìn tí a ti ka ìtọ́jú tí ń lọ sí ọ̀nà méjèèjì pọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Modest2021&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Modest |first1=Michael F.|author1-link=Michael F. Modest |title=Radiative Heat Transfer |date=2021 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=978-0323984065 |edition=4}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìṣàn ìtọ́jú máa ń lọ láti ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé sí afẹ́fẹ́ àti sí òde ayé,&lt;ref name=&quot;budget&quot; /&gt; gẹ́gẹ́ bí a ṣe ń retí nítorí pé ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé gbóná ju afẹ́fẹ́ àti òde ayé lọ. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ń tú ìtọ́jú ooru sí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé sísàlẹ̀, èyí jẹ́ apá kan nínú ìlànà ìgbésẹ̀ ìgbóná ìtọ́jú (radiative heat transfer).&lt;ref name=&quot;Siegel1971&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Siegel |first1=R. |last2=Howell |first2=J. R. |title=Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19710021465/downloads/19710021465.pdf |publisher=NASA |access-date=28 May 2023 |date=1971}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtọ́jú sísàlẹ̀ yìí kàn ń dín ìṣàn ìtọ́jú neti tí ń gòkè lọ kù, ìyẹn ni pé ó ń dín ìtútù kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;uaATMO336eeb&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Earth's Energy Budget II -- Radiation Emitted by the Earth, the Greenhouse Effect, and the Overall Energy Balance |url=http://www.atmo.arizona.edu/students/courselinks/spring17/atmo336s2/lectures/sec3/energybudget2.html |publisher=University of Arizona, Hydrology &amp; Atmospheric Sciences |access-date=28 May 2023 |date=2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Àwòṣe Tó Rọrùn ==
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Effect (2017 NASA data).svg|thumb|upright=1.35|Ìṣàn agbára láàárín òde ayé, afẹ́fẹ́, àti ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń ṣẹlẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ìtọ́jú ooru (radiation), níbi tí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ti ń gba àti tú ìtọ́jú ooru jáde, èyí sì ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Àwọn data náà wá láti ọdún 2007.]]
Àwọn àwòṣe tó rọrùn ni a sábà máa ń lò láti ṣàtìlẹ́yìn fún ìmòye bí ipa ilé-gíláàsì ṣe ń wáyé àti bí ó ṣe ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n ooru ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé.

=== Àwòṣe Ìpele Afẹ́fẹ́ ===
A lè rí ipa ilé-gíláàsì ṣẹlẹ̀ nínú àwòṣe tó rọrùn níbi tí a ti kà afẹ́fẹ́ sí bí ìpele kan ṣoṣo tó jọra jakejado, tí ń ṣe ìṣàkóso ìyípadà ìtọ́jú ìtọ́jú (radiation) pẹ̀lú ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé àti òde ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;acs-single&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=ACS Climate Science Toolkit - Atmospheric Warming - A Single-Layer Atmosphere Model |url=https://www.acs.org/climatescience/atmosphericwarming/singlelayermodel.html |accessdate=2 October 2022 |publisher=[[American Chemical Society]] |archive-date=25 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525201203/https://www.acs.org/climatescience/atmosphericwarming/singlelayermodel.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àwòṣe tí ó díẹ̀ lágbára sí i máa ń fi àwọn ìpele míì kún un, tàbí wọ́n máa ń fi ìṣàn ìgbóná nípasẹ̀ convection sílẹ̀ nínú rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;acs-multi&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=ACS Climate Science Toolkit - Atmospheric Warming - A Multi-Layer Atmosphere Model |url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/atmosphericwarming/multilayermodel.html |accessdate=2 October 2022 |publisher=[[American Chemical Society]] |archive-date=30 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130202305/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/atmosphericwarming/multilayermodel.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ìpele Ìtújáde Tó Dọ́gba ===
Ìtúpalẹ̀ kan ni pé a lè kà gbogbo ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn tí ń jáde (outgoing longwave radiation) sí bí ẹni pé ó ń jáde láti ìpele kan nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ìwọ̀n ooru rẹ̀ dọ́gba pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n ooru tó munadoko gbogbogbòò fún ìtújáde pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì, &lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{eff}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Benestad2017&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Benestad |first1=R. E. |date=2017 |title=A mental picture of the greenhouse effect |journal=Theor Appl Climatol |volume=128 |issue=3–4 |pages=679–688 |doi=10.1007/s00704-016-1732-y |s2cid=123923155 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ kan ti pe ìpele yìí ní ìpele ìtújáde tó munadoko (effective radiating level, ERL), wọ́n sì dámọ̀ràn pé bí ìpọ̀sí CO₂ ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, ERL gbọ́dọ̀ gòkè sí i kí ìwọ̀n ìpọ̀ CO₂ tó wà lókè ìpele náà lè wà ní ìdọ́gba.&lt;ref name=&quot;aosuw&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Radiation Balance of the Earth-Atmosphere System |url=https://www.aos.wisc.edu/~aos121br/radn/radn/sld001.htm |access-date=1 June 2023 |website=Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences |publisher=University of Wisconsin |quote=Based on the account in Horel &amp; Geisler (1996) 'Global Environmental Change: An Atmospheric Perspective' |archive-date=12 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612232513/https://www.aos.wisc.edu/~aos121br/radn/radn/sld001.htm |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀nà yìí kéré síi nínú ìpéye rẹ̀ ju bí a ṣe ń ka ìyàtọ̀ ìpele ìtújáde ìtọ́jú gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ìpele tí ìtọ́jú ń jáde lọ (emission altitude variation by wavelength) sí. Síbẹ̀, ó lè wúlò fún ìmúye tó rọrùn nípa bí ipa ilé-gíláàsì ṣe ń ṣiṣẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Benestad2017&quot; /&gt; Fún àpẹẹrẹ, a lè lo ó láti ṣàlàyé bí ipa ilé-gíláàsì ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i nígbà tí ìpọ̀sí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì bá ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;Rasmus2016&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Benestad |first1=R. E. |date=2016 |title=What is the best description of the greenhouse effect? |url=https://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2016/02/what-is-the-best-description-of-the-greenhouse-effect/ |access-date=1 June 2023 |website=RealClimate}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;aosuw&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tziperman2022&quot; /&gt;

Ìpele ìtújáde tó dọ́gba (equivalent emission altitude) fún Ilẹ̀ Ayé lapapọ̀ ti ń gòkè sí i pẹ̀lú ìtẹ̀sí tó tó 23 m (75 ft) fún gbogbo ọdún mẹ́wàá, èyí tí a sọ pé ó bá ìgbóná ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé àgbáyé mu tó tó 0.12 °C (0.22 °F) fún gbogbo ọdún mẹ́wàá láàárín ọdún 1979 sí 2011.&lt;ref name=&quot;Benestad2017&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ipa tó jọmọ̀ lórí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ==
=== Ipa Ilé-Gíláàsì Tó Dín Kù ===
Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ti ṣàkíyèsí pé ní àwọn ìgbà kan, ipa ilé-gíláàsì odi (negative greenhouse effect) máa ń wáyé lórí apá kan Ilẹ̀ Antaktíkà.&lt;ref name=&quot;hsch&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Schmithüsen |first1=Holger |last2=Notholt |first2=Justus |last3=König-Langlo |first3=Gert |last4=Lemke |first4=Peter |last5=Jung |first5=Thomas |date=16 December 2015 |title=How increasing {{CO2}} leads to an increased negative greenhouse effect in Antarctica |journal=Geophysical Research Letters |language=en |volume=42 |issue=23 |doi=10.1002/2015GL066749 |issn=0094-8276 |s2cid=131351000 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sejas&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Sejas |first1=S.A. |last2=Taylor |first2=P. C. |last3=Cai |first3=M. |date=2018 |title=Unmasking the negative greenhouse effect over the Antarctic Plateau |journal=npj Clim Atmos Sci |volume=1 |issue=17 |page=17 |doi=10.1038/s41612-018-0031-y |pmc=7580794 |pmid=33102742|bibcode=2018npCAS...1...17S }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ibi tí ìyípadà ìwọ̀n ooru afẹ́fẹ́ (temperature inversion) lagbara, ìyẹn níbi tí afẹ́fẹ́ ti gbóná ju ojú Ilẹ̀ lọ, ó lè ṣeé ṣe kí ipa ilé-gíláàsì yí padà, kí wíwà àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì jẹ́ kí ìtútù ìtọ́jú (radiative cooling) sí òde ayé pọ̀ sí i. Nínú ọ̀ràn yìí, ìwọ̀n ìtọ́jú ìgbóná tí ń jáde sí òde ayé ju ìwọ̀n ìtọ́jú ìgbóná tí ojú Ilẹ̀ ń tú jáde lọ. Nítorí náà, iye agbègbè ìpò yìí fún ipa ilé-gíláàsì jẹ́ odi.

=== Ipa Ilé-Gíláàsì Tí Kò Ṣeé Dènà (Runaway Greenhouse Effect) ===
Most scientists believe that a runaway greenhouse effect is inevitable in the long term, as the Sun gradually becomes more luminous as it ages, and will spell the end of all life on Earth. As the Sun becomes 10% brighter about one billion years from now, the surface temperature of Earth will reach 47 °C (117 °F) (unless albedo is increased sufficiently), causing the temperature of Earth to rise rapidly and its oceans to boil away until it becomes a greenhouse planet, similar to Venus today.

== Àwọn Ara Òde Ilẹ̀ Ayé Mìíràn ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Ipa Ilé-Gíláàsì lórí Àwọn Ara Ọ̀run Mìíràn&lt;ref name=&quot;ACSplanet&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Atmospheres and Planetary Temperatures |url=https://www.acs.org/climatescience/energybalance/planetarytemperatures.html |access-date=29 May 2023 |publisher=ACS |archive-date=27 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127144936/https://www.acs.org/climatescience/energybalance/planetarytemperatures.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McKay1991&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=McKay |first1=C. P. |last2=Pollack |first2=J. B. |last3=Courtin |first3=R. |date=6 September 1991 |title=The greenhouse and antigreenhouse effects on Titan |url=https://wray.eas.gatech.edu/physicsplanets2012/Assignments/McKay_etal1991_TitanAntiGreenhouse.pdf |journal=Science |language=en |volume=253 |issue=5024 |pages=1118–1121 |bibcode=1991Sci...253.1118M |doi=10.1126/science.11538492 |issn=0036-8075 |pmid=11538492 |s2cid=10384331 |s2cid-access=free |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629174917/https://wray.eas.gatech.edu/physicsplanets2012/Assignments/McKay_etal1991_TitanAntiGreenhouse.pdf |archive-date= 29 June 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nasatitan&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Titan | date=2 May 2018 |url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/saturn-moons/titan/in-depth/#:~:text=Titan%27s%20atmosphere%20is%20mostly%20nitrogen,accelerated%20in%20Saturn%27s%20magnetic%20field. |access-date=29 May 2023 |publisher=NASA}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! !!Venus !! Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Earth) !! Mars !! Titan
|-
| Iwọn otutu oju Ilẹ̀ Ayé, &lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{observed}&lt;/math&gt; || {{convert|735|K|C F|0|abbr=on}} || {{convert|288|K|C F|0|abbr=on}} ||{{convert|215|K|C F|0|abbr=on}} || {{convert|94|K|C F|0|abbr=on}}
|-
| Ipa Ilé-Gíláàsì, &lt;math&gt;\Delta T}_\mathrm{GHE&lt;/math&gt;|| {{convert|503|K-change}} || {{convert|33|K-change}} || {{convert|6|K-change}} || {{convert|21|K-change}} GHE;&lt;br /&gt;{{convert|12|K-change}} GHE+AGHE
|-
| Ìtẹ̀sí (Pressure) || 92 atm || 1 atm || 0.0063 atm || 1.5 atm
|-
| Àwọn Gásì Pàtàkì (Primary gases) || CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(0.965)&lt;br /&gt; N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(0.035) || N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(0.78)&lt;br /&gt; O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(0.21)&lt;br /&gt;Ar (0.009) || CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(0.95)&lt;br /&gt;N (0.03)&lt;br /&gt;Ar (0.02) || N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(0.95)&lt;br /&gt;CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(≈0.05)
|-
| Àwọn Gásì Tó Kéré Ní Ìpín (Trace gases) || SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, Ar || H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;|| O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CO || H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
| Ìwọ̀n Ooru Tó Munadoko Pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì (Planetary Effective Temperature), &lt;math&gt;T_\mathrm{eff}&lt;/math&gt; || {{convert|232|K|C F|0|abbr=on}} || {{convert|255|K|C F|0|abbr=on}} || {{convert|209|K|C F|0|abbr=on}} || 73 K tropopause;&lt;br /&gt; 82 K stratopause
|-
| Ipa Ilé-Gíláàsì, &lt;math&gt;G&lt;/math&gt;|| {{Val|16000}} W/m{{sup|2}} || 150 W/m{{sup|2}} || 13 W/m{{sup|2}} || 2.8 W/m{{sup|2}} GHE;&lt;br /&gt; 1.9 W/m{{sup|2}} GHE+AGHE
|-
| Ipa Ilé-Gíláàsì Tó Dọ́gba (Normalized Greenhouse Effect), &lt;math&gt;\tilde g&lt;/math&gt;|| 0.99|| 0.39 || 0.11 || 0.63 GHE;&lt;br /&gt; 0.42 GHE+AGHE
|}

Nínú Ìṣètò Oòrùn (Solar System), yàtọ̀ sí Ilẹ̀ Ayé, ó kéré tán àwọn pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì méjì àti òṣùpá kan tún ní ipa ilé-gíláàsì.

=== Venus ===
Ipa Ilé-Gíláàsì lórí Venus pọ̀ gan-an, ó sì ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ ìdí ojú Ilẹ̀ rẹ̀ dé tó 735 K (462 °C; 863 °F). Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ kún gan-an, tí ó sì jẹ́ pé nǹkan bí ìdá 97% nínú rẹ̀ ni carbon dioxide (CO₂).&lt;ref name=&quot;McKay1991&quot;/&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé Venus sún mọ́ Oòrùn ní ìwọ̀n tó tó 30% síi, ó ń gba (ó sì ń gbóná láti inú) ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn kéré ju Ilẹ̀ Ayé lọ, nítorí pé Venus ń fọ̀hùn padà (reflect) nǹkan bí ìdá 77% ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn tí ó dé e, nígbà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń fọ̀hùn padà nǹkan bí ìdá 30%. Bí kò bá sí ipa ilé-gíláàsì rárá, a máa retí pé ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ ojú Ilẹ̀ Venus yóò jẹ́ 232 K (−41 °C; −42 °F). Nítorí náà, dípò ìrò pé súnmọ́ Oòrùn ni ìdí tí Venus fi gbóná ju Ilẹ̀ Ayé lọ, kóòdà ó jẹ́ òdì kejì ohun tí a lè rò.&lt;ref name=&quot;uwatmos211oct10&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=10 October 2001 |title=ATM S - Climate and Climate Change |url=https://atmos.washington.edu/academics/classes/2001Q4/211/notes_greenhouse.html |access-date=14 June 2023 |publisher=University of Washington}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Venus Fact Sheet |url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/venusfact.html |access-date=25 April 2023 |website=NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=5 Weird Facts About Venus |url=https://www.britannica.com/list/5-weird-facts-about-venus#:~:text=Even%20though%20Venus%20is%20much,and%20reradiated%20as%20infrared%20radiation. |access-date=25 April 2023 |publisher=Britannica}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nítorí titẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ tó ga, carbon dioxide (CO₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Venus ń fi ìmúra ìgbóná jùlọ (continuum absorption) hàn, ìyẹn ni pé ó ń gba ìtọ́jú ìgbi gígùn ní gbogbo àgbègbè ìwọ̀n igbi, kì í ṣe ní àwọn ìbáṣepọ̀ ìgbà igbi pàtó nìkan bí ó ti ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lórí Ilẹ̀ Ayé.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pierrehumbert2011&quot; /&gt;

A ti ṣe àbá fún ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún pé ipa ilé-gíláàsì tó yára ju ìṣàkóso lọ (runaway greenhouse effect) tí ó kan carbon dioxide àti ìrì omi lè ti ṣẹlẹ̀ lórí Venus;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Rasool |first1=I. |last2=De Bergh |first2=C. |date=June 1970 |title=The Runaway Greenhouse and the Accumulation of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the Venus Atmosphere |url=http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/1970/1970_Rasool_DeBergh.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Nature |volume=226 |issue=5250 |pages=1037–9 |bibcode=1970Natur.226.1037R |doi=10.1038/2261037a0 |pmid=16057644 |s2cid=4201521 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111021110413/http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/1970/1970_Rasool_DeBergh.pdf |archive-date=21 October 2011 |access-date=22 June 2026 |archivedate=21 October 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111021110413/http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/1970/1970_Rasool_DeBergh.pdf |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; èrò yìí ṣì wà lára àwọn tí a gba lọ́pọ̀ jù lọ títí di òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;McCarthy&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=McCarthy |first=Michael Cabbage and Leslie |title=NASA climate modeling suggests Venus may have been habitable |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2475/nasa-climate-modeling-suggests-venus-may-have-been-habitable |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811030814/https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2475/nasa-climate-modeling-suggests-venus-may-have-been-habitable/ |archive-date=11 August 2021 |access-date=11 August 2021 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet|date=10 August 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Venus ní ìrírí ipa ilé-gíláàsì tí kò lè dákẹ́, èyí tí ó yọrí sí afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó kún fún carbon dioxide tó tó ìdá 96%, àti titẹ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ lórí ojú Ilẹ̀ rẹ̀ tó fẹrẹ̀ dà bí ìtẹ̀sí omi ní ijinlẹ̀ tó tó 900 m (3,000 ft) nínú òkun lórí Ilẹ̀ Ayé. Ó ṣeé ṣe kí Venus ti ní òkun omi ní ìgbà kan, ṣùgbọ́n omi yìí yóò ti yọ (boil off) bí ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ ojú Ilẹ̀ rẹ̀ ṣe ń gòkè dé 735 K (462 °C; 863 °F) tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author=Hashimoto, G. L. |author2=Roos-Serote, M. |author3=Sugita, S. |author4=Gilmore, M. S. |author5=Kamp, L. W. |author6=Carlson, R. W. |author7=Baines, K. H. |date=2008 |title=Felsic highland crust on Venus suggested by Galileo Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer data |journal=[[Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets]] |volume=113 |issue=E9 |pages=E00B24 |bibcode=2008JGRE..113.0B24H |doi=10.1029/2008JE003134 |s2cid=45474562 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=David Shiga |date=10 October 2007 |title=Did Venus's ancient oceans incubate life? |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12769-did-venuss-ancient-oceans-incubate-life.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090324134332/https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12769-did-venuss-ancient-oceans-incubate-life.html |archive-date=24 March 2009 |access-date=17 July 2019 |work=New Scientist}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jakosky&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Jakosky |first1=Bruce M. |title=The New Solar System |date=1999 |publisher=Sky Publishing |isbn=978-0-933346-86-4 |editor1-last=Beatty |editor1-first=J. Kelly |edition=4th |location=Boston |pages=175–200 |chapter=Atmospheres of the Terrestrial Planets |oclc=39464951 |editor2-last=Petersen |editor2-first=Carolyn Collins |editor3-last=Chaikin |editor3-first=Andrew}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mars ===
Mars ní nǹkan bí ìdá 70 ìgbà CO₂ ju Ilẹ̀ Ayé lọ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Crisp2012&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Crisp |first1=D. |date=2012 |title={{CO2}} GREENHOUSE EFFECTS ON VENUS, EARTH, AND MARS |url=https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/climatology2012/pdf/8083.pdf |access-date=28 May 2023 |publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology}}&lt;/ref&gt; ṣùgbọ́n ó ní ipa ilé-gíláàsì kékeré nìkan, tó tó nǹkan bí 6 K (11 °F).&lt;ref name=&quot;ACSplanet&quot; /&gt; Ipa ilé-gíláàsì yìí kéré nítorí àìsí ìrì omi (water vapour) àti bí afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ ṣe tinúrinú gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Brennan |first1=John |date=2017 |title=Does Mars Have a Greenhouse Effect? |url=https://sciencing.com/mars-greenhouse-effect-1914.html |website=Sciencing}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìṣírò ìtújáde ìtànràn (radiative transfer) kan náà tí ó ń ṣàlàyé ìgbóná lórí Ilẹ̀ Ayé tún ń ṣàlàyé ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ ojú Ilẹ̀ Mars dáadáa, nígbà tí a bá kà àkópọ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ sí i.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Does the {{CO2}} atmosphere of Mars disprove greenhouse warming? |url=https://metafact.io/factchecks/77-does-the-co2-atmosphere-of-mars-disprove-greenhouse-warming |access-date=28 May 2023 |website=metafact |date=14 May 2019 |archive-date=28 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528061203/https://metafact.io/factchecks/77-does-the-co2-atmosphere-of-mars-disprove-greenhouse-warming |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WeartVenus&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Weart |first1=Spencer |title=The Discovery of Global Warming: Venus &amp; Mars |url=https://history.aip.org/climate/Venus.htm |access-date=29 May 2023 |website=Center for History of Physics |publisher=American Institute of Physics}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Haberle2013&quot; /&gt;

=== Titan ===
Oṣù Saturni Titan ní ipa ilé-gíláàsì àti ipa ilé-gíláàsì odi (anti-greenhouse effect) ní àkókò kan náà. Wíwà nitrogen (N₂), methane (CH₄), àti hydrogen (H₂) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ ń kópa nínú ipa ilé-gíláàsì, èyí tí ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ ojú Ilẹ̀ rẹ̀ gòkè sí 21 K (38 °F) ju ìwọ̀n tí a máa retí lọ fún ara yìí tí kò bá ní àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí.&lt;ref name=&quot;McKay1991&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;astrobio2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 November 2005 |title=Titan: Greenhouse and Anti-greenhouse |url=https://www.astrobio.net/retrospections/titan-greenhouse-and-anti-greenhouse/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927031140/https://www.astrobio.net/retrospections/titan-greenhouse-and-anti-greenhouse/ |archive-date=27 September 2019 |access-date=4 November 2019 |website=Astrobiology Magazine |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn gáàsì N₂ àti H₂ kì í sábà gba ìtọ́jú ìgbóná infurarẹẹdi (infrared radiation), àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí ń gba ìtọ́jú ìgbóná lórí Titan nítorí ìkọlu tí ìtẹ̀sí (pressure) ń fa láàárín àwọn patíkù, ìwọ̀n àti ìtóbi afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó pọ̀, àti ìgbi gígùn ìtọ́jú ìgbóná tí ń bọ láti ojú Ilẹ̀ tó tutù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pierrehumbert2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McKay1991&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;astrobio2005&quot; /&gt;

Wíwà ìkùukùu tó wà ní gíga, tí ń gba àwọn ìgbi gígùn ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn ṣùgbọ́n tí ó jẹ́ mímọ́ fún ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi (infrared), ń kópa nínú ipa ilé-gíláàsì odi tó tó nǹkan bí 9 K (16 °F).&lt;ref name=&quot;McKay1991&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;astrobio2005&quot; /&gt;

Abajade lapapọ ti àwọn ipa méjèèjì yìí jẹ́ ìgbóná tó tó 21 K − 9 K = 12 K (22 °F), nítorí náà ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ ojú Ilẹ̀ Titan tó jẹ́ 94 K (−179 °C; −290 °F) jẹ́ 12 K gbóná ju ohun tí yóò jẹ́ bí kò bá sí afẹ́fẹ́ rárá lọ.ref name=&quot;McKay1991&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;astrobio2005&quot; /&gt;

=== Ìpa ìtẹ̀sí (pressure) ===
A kò lè ṣe àfojúsùn ìwọn ìbátan ipa ilé-gíláàsì lórí àwọn ara ọ̀run (celestial bodies) oríṣìíríṣìí nípa fífi iye àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ wọn wé ara wọn nìkan. Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé àwọn ohun mìíràn yàtọ̀ sí iye àwọn gáàsì wọ̀nyí náà ń kópa nínú ṣíṣe àyẹ̀wò ìtóbi ipa ilé-gíláàsì.

Ìtẹ̀sí afẹ́fẹ́ lapapọ̀ ń ní ipa lórí iye ìtọ́jú ìgbóná tí molikula kọ̀ọ̀kan nínú gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì lè gba. Ìtẹ̀sí tó ga ń yọrí sí ìgbàlódé ìmúra ìtọ́jú (absorption) sí i, nígbà tí ìtẹ̀sí kéré sì ń dín un kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pierrehumbert2011&quot; /&gt;

Èyí jẹ́ nítorí ohun tí a ń pè ní “ìfàsílẹ̀ ìlà ìmúra nítorí ìtẹ̀sí” (pressure broadening) nínú àwọn ìlà àfihàn ìmọ́lẹ̀ (spectral lines). Nígbà tí ìtẹ̀sí afẹ́fẹ́ lapapọ̀ bá ga, ìkọlù láàárín àwọn molikula máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ lọ́pọ̀ síi. Ìkọlù wọ̀nyí ń tú ìbú àwọn ìlà ìmúra (absorption lines) ká, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì lè gba ìtọ́jú ìgbóná lórí àgbègbè ìwọ̀n igbi tó gbòòrò síi.&lt;ref name=&quot;PierrehumbertTextbook&quot; /&gt;{{rp|226}} 

Molikula kọ̀ọ̀kan nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tó wà ní kùtùkùtù ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé ń ní ìkọlù tó tó nǹkan bí bílíọ̀nù méje (7 billion) ní gbogbo ìsẹ́jú ààyá kan. Ìwọ̀n yìí kéré sí i ní àwọn ìpele gíga afẹ́fẹ́, níbi tí ìtẹ̀sí àti ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe kéré sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;eiuatmo&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Atmosphere |url=https://www.ux1.eiu.edu/~cfjps/1400/atmos_struct.html#:~:text=Near%20sea%20level%2C%20an%20atom,is%20about%201%20each%20minute. |access-date=30 May 2023 |website=Eastern Illinois University}}&lt;/ref&gt; Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì lè gba ìtọ́jú ìgbóná lórí àgbègbè ìgbi gígùn (wavelengths) tó pọ̀ síi nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ ju bí wọ́n ṣe lè ṣe é lọ ní afẹ́fẹ́ òkè.&lt;ref name=&quot;Plass1950&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Wallace2006&quot; /&gt;

Lórí àwọn pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì mìíràn, ìfàsílẹ̀ ìlà ìmúra nítorí ìtẹ̀sí (pressure broadening) túmọ̀ sí pé molikula kọ̀ọ̀kan nínú gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì máa ń ṣiṣẹ́ dáadáa síi nínú mímú ìtọ́jú ìgbóná di àdúgbò nígbà tí ìtẹ̀sí afẹ́fẹ́ lapapọ̀ bá ga (bíi lórí Venus), ṣùgbọ́n yóò dín ìmúra rẹ̀ kù nígbà tí ìtẹ̀sí afẹ́fẹ́ bá kéré (bíi lórí Mars).&lt;ref name=&quot;Pierrehumbert2011&quot; /&gt;


== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
      <sha1>1oa4o04sxhzb6t34sve49fft3o5hemo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jonathan Dele</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80542</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637790</id>
      <parentid>622813</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:33:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637790</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1983" sha1="ke8y5b0e4tfubdsrq4eibdluwfj2608" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Nigerian boxer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Nigerian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox boxer
|name=Jonathan Dele
|image=
|realname=
|nickname=
|weight=[[super featherweight|super feather]]/[[lightweight|light]]/[[light welterweight]]
|height=&lt;!--{{height|ft=0|in=0}}--&gt;
|reach=&lt;!--{{convert|0|in|cm|0|abbr=on}}--&gt;
|nationality=[[Nigerians|Nigerian]]
|birth_date={{birth date|1944|10|20|df=y}}
|birth_place=[[Lagos]], Nigeria
|death_date={{death date and age|2017|4|29|1946|10|20|df=yes}}
|death_place=
|style=&lt;!--[[Orthodox stance|Orthodox]]/[[Southpaw stance|Southpaw]]--&gt;
|total=58
|wins=40 ([[Knockout|KO]] 24)
|losses=10 (KO 4)
|draws=8
|no contests=
|medaltemplates=
}}
'''Jonathan Dele''' (tí wọ́n bí lọjọ́ 20 oṣù October, ọdún 1944 &amp;ndash; 29 April 2017) jẹ́ ajẹ̀ṣẹ́-ṣiṣẹ́ ọmọ [[Nigeria]] láàárín ọọdún1960s àti 1970, tí ó sì ti gba àmín ẹyẹ Commonwealth labala ọ̀jẹ̀wẹ́wẹ́ tí iwọ̀n {{convert|129+3/4|lb|kg stlb||abbr=on}}, i.e. [[super featherweight]] to {{convert|136+3/4|lb|kg stlb|1|abbr=on}}, i.e. [[light welterweight]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Statistics at boxrec.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=15927&amp;cat=boxer|title=Statistics at boxrec.com|publisher=boxrec.com|date=31 December 2013|accessdate=1 January 2013|archive-date=27 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427145525/http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=15927&amp;cat=boxer|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bẹ́ẹ̀ náà ó díje ni Olympic tí ọdún 1968.&lt;ref name=&quot;SportsRef&quot;&gt;{{cite Sports-Reference |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/jo/dele-jonathan-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418075940/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/jo/dele-jonathan-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 April 2020 |title=Dele Jonathan Olympic Results |accessdate=10 December 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn ìtọ́kasí==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>ke8y5b0e4tfubdsrq4eibdluwfj2608</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gáàsì Ilé-Gíláàsì</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80588</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637755</id>
      <parentid>632108</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:31:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637755</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="103770" sha1="6jieb30tngwgxbw1j0sf7vjrdwjoxrg" xml:space="preserve">[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse-effect-t2.svg|thumb|Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì máa ń di díẹ̀ lára ooru tí ó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nígbà tí ìmọ́lẹ̀ oòrùn bá mú ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé gbóná. Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì pàtàkì mẹ́ta ni a fi ààmì hàn nínú àwòrán yìí: carbon dioxide (CO₂), ìrì omi (water vapour), àti methane (CH₄).]]
[[Fáìlì:Physical_Drivers_of_climate_change.svg|thumb|Àwọn ohun tó ń darí ìgbóná ayé (global warming) tí ó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di báyìí láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ìlànà àdánidá àti ti ara (physical drivers). Àǹfààní ìgbóná ayé tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀ lọ́jọ́ iwájú láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ohun tó pẹ́ pẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide (CO₂), kò sí nínú àwòrán yìí. Àwọn ìlà kéékèèké (whiskers) tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn bààrà ń fi àgbègbè àṣìṣe tí ó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]

Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì (Greenhouse Gases, GHGs) jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tí ń di ooru mú, tí wọ́n sì ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ ojú àwọn ara ọ̀run bíi Ilẹ̀ Ayé ga sí i. Kò dàbí àwọn gáàsì mìíràn, àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì máa ń gba àwọn ìtọ́jú (radiation) tí pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan ń tú jáde, èyí tí ó sì ń yọrí sí ipa ilé-gíláàsì.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6WG1annexVII&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Matthews |first1=J.B.R. |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexVII.pdf |title=Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |last2=Möller |first2=V. |last3=van Diemenn |first3=R. |last4=Fuglesvedt |first4=J.R. |date=2021-08-09 |publisher=[[IPCC]] / [[Cambridge University Press]] |editor-last1=Masson-Delmotte |editor-first1=Valérie |editor-link1=Valérie Masson-Delmotte |pages=2215–2256 |chapter=Annex VII: Glossary |doi=10.1017/9781009157896.022 |isbn=978-1-009-15789-6 |display-authors=etal |editor-last2=Zhai |editor-first2=Panmao |editor-link2=Panmao Zhai |editor-last3=Pirani |editor-first3=Anna |editor-last4=Connors |editor-first4=Sarah L. |editor-last5=Péan |editor-first5=Clotilde |display-editors=etal |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Oòrùn ń mú Ilẹ̀ Ayé gbóná, èyí sì ń jẹ́ kí ojú Ilẹ̀ rẹ̀ tú ooru jáde. Ọ̀pọ̀ jùlọ nínú ooru yìí ni àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì máa ń gba. Bí kò bá sí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì nínú afẹ́fẹ́, ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ àpapọ̀ ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò jẹ́ nǹkan bí −18 °C (0 °F),&lt;ref name=&quot;NASACO2&quot; /&gt; dípò ìwọ̀n àpapọ̀ tó jẹ́ 15 °C (59 °F) tí a ní lónìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Trenberth2003&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Le Treut-2007&quot;&gt;Le Treut, H., R. Somerville, U. Cubasch, Y. Ding, C. Mauritzen, A. Mokssit, T. Peterson and M. Prather, 2007: &quot;[https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/ar4-wg1-chapter1.pdf Chapter 1: Historical Overview of Climate Change]&quot;. In: &quot;[https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar4/wg1/ Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]&quot;. [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.&lt;/ref&gt; Ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní ìwọ̀n tí a kò tíì rí rí tẹ́lẹ̀ láti ìgbà tí a ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe ìwọ̀n rẹ̀, tí ó sì dé 0.27 ± 0.1 °C ní gbogbo ọdún mẹ́wàá láàárín ọdún 2015 sí 2024. Ìwọ̀n ìgbóná tó ga yìí jẹ́ àbájáde àkópọ̀ ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì tó ti dé ìpele gíga jù lọ rí, tó jẹ́ 53.6 ± 5.2 Gt CO₂e lọ́dọọdún ní àárín ọdún mẹ́wàá tó kọjá (2014–2023), pẹ̀lú ìdínkù nínú agbára ìtútù tí aerosol ń pèsè.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Forster |first1=Piers |title=Indicators of Global Climate Change 2024: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence |journal=Journal Earth System Science Data |date=2025 |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=2641–2680 |doi=10.5194/essd-17-2641-2025 |bibcode=2025ESSD...17.2641F |doi-access=free |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/17/2641/2025/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì márùn-ún tó pọ̀ jù lọ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé, tí a ṣe àtòkọ wọn láti èyí tí ó pọ̀ jù lọ sí èyí tí ó kéré sí i gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n molikula àpapọ̀ wọn ní gbogbo ayé, ni:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=2016-08-01 |title=Atmospheric Concentration of Greenhouse Gases |url=https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-08/documents/print_ghg-concentrations-2016.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019134514/https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-08/documents/print_ghg-concentrations-2016.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2021 |access-date=6 September 2021 |publisher=[[U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |date=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |title=Inside the Earth's invisible blanket. |url=http://sequestration.org/science/greenhousegases.html |website=sequestration.org |publisher=&lt;!--Not stated--&gt; |quote= |access-date=2026-06-23 |archive-date=2020-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728231450/http://sequestration.org/science/greenhousegases.html |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; ìrì omi (water vapour), carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), àti ozone (O₃). Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì mìíràn tí ó tún ṣe pàtàkì ni chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs àti HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), àti nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃). Ìrì omi ń fa nǹkan bí ìdajì gbogbo ipa ilé-gíláàsì. Ó ń ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìfèsìpadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate feedback), ìyẹn ni pé ìwọ̀n rẹ̀ máa ń yí padà ní ìdáhùn sí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì mìíràn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidt-2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Gavin Schmidt |date=2010-10-01 |title=Taking the Measure of the Greenhouse Effect |url=https://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/2010_schmidt_05/ |publisher=NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies – Science Briefs}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn iṣẹ́ ènìyàn láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Ìyípadà Ilé-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution) ní nǹkan bí ọdún 1750 ti mú kí iye carbon dioxide (CO₂) pọ̀ sí i ní ju ìdá 50% lọ,&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=3 June 2022 |title=Carbon dioxide now more than 50% higher than pre-industrial levels |url=https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/carbon-dioxide-now-more-than-50-higher-than-pre-industrial-levels |access-date=30 August 2022 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti pé ìwọ̀n methane ti pọ̀ sí i ní ìdá 150%.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |quote=The concentration of methane in the atmosphere is currently over two-and-a-half times greater than its pre-industrial levels}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde carbon dioxide ni ó ń fa nǹkan bí ìdá mẹ́ta nínú mẹ́rin gbogbo ìgbóná ayé, nígbà tí ìtújáde methane sì ń fa ọ̀pọ̀ jùlọ nínú ìyókù rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data |date=12 January 2016 |publisher=United States Environmental Protection Agency |url=https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data |5= |access-date=23 June 2026 |archive-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218125157/https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data |dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ jùlọ nínú ìtújáde carbon dioxide tí ènìyàn ń fa wá láti inú sísun epo fósílì (fossil fuels),&lt;ref name=&quot;EPA_GHGdata&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=12 January 2016 |title=Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data |url=https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205123907/https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data |archive-date=5 December 2019 |access-date=30 December 2019 |publisher=[[United States Environmental Protection Agency|U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]] |quote=The burning of coal, natural gas, and oil for electricity and heat is the largest single source of global greenhouse gas emissions.}}&lt;/ref&gt; nígbà tí iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ilé-iṣẹ́ tún ń kópa díẹ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;Canadell-2021&quot;&gt;Canadell, J.G., P.M.S. Monteiro, M.H. Costa, L. Cotrim da Cunha, P.M. Cox, A.V. Eliseev, S. Henson, M. Ishii, S. Jaccard, C. Koven, A. Lohila, P.K. Patra, S. Piao, J. Rogelj, S. Syampungani, S. Zaehle, and K. Zickfeld, 2021: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter05.pdf Chapter 5: Global Carbon and other Biogeochemical Cycles and Feedbacks]. In [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/ Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 673–816, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.007.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|687}}  Ìtújáde methane sì ń wá láti inú iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìmújáde epo fósílì, egbin, àti àwọn orísun mìíràn.&lt;ref name=&quot;International Energy Agency-2023&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Methane Tracker 2023 |date=21 February 2023 |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023 |publisher=International Energy Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó máa ń gba ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún kí àyíká lè gba gbogbo carbon dioxide (CO₂) padà kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ nípasẹ̀ ìlànà carbon cycle,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change Indicators: Greenhouse Gases |date=16 December 2015 |publisher=United States Environmental Protection Agency |url=https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/greenhouse-gases |quote=Carbon dioxide's lifetime cannot be represented with a single value because the gas is not destroyed over time, but instead moves among different parts of the ocean–atmosphere–land system. Some of the excess carbon dioxide is absorbed quickly (for example, by the ocean surface), but some will remain in the atmosphere for thousands of years, due in part to the very slow process by which carbon is transferred to ocean sediments.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ṣùgbọ́n methane máa ń wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò àárín ọdún méjìlá (12 years) péré.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Understanding methane emissions |publisher=International Energy Agency |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/understanding-methane-emissions}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìṣàn carbon àdánidá máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín afẹ́fẹ́, àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè lórí ilẹ̀, òkun, àti àwọn àkójọpọ̀ ìsàlẹ̀ ilẹ̀ (sediments). Àwọn ìṣàn wọ̀nyí ti wà ní ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì tó dára fún nǹkan bí mílíọ̀nù ọdún kan sẹ́yìn,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Climate Change Indicators: Atmospheric Concentrations of Greenhouse Gases |url=https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-atmospheric-concentrations-greenhouse-gases |website=EPA.gov |date=27 June 2016 |publisher=U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |access-date=20 June 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ti yí padà gidigidi ní àwọn àkókò tó jìn sí i nínú ìtàn ayé. Ní báyìí, ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide (CO₂) ga ju bí ó ti rí lọ ní ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́ta sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last1=Lindsey |first1=Rebecca |title=Climate Change: Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624204311/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide |archive-date=24 June 2013 |access-date=2020-03-02 |website=climate.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúdójúìwọ̀n ọdún 2023 lórí àwọn àmì pàtàkì fi hàn pé ìgbóná ayé tí ènìyàn ń fa, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì nínú afẹ́fẹ́, àti àìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé (Earth's energy imbalance) ti dé àwọn ìpele gíga tuntun.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Forster |first1=Piers M. |last2=Smith |first2=Chris |last3=Walsh |first3=Tristram |last4=Lamb |first4=William F. |last5=Lamboll |first5=Robin |last6=Hall |first6=Bradley |last7=Hauser |first7=Mathias |last8=Ribes |first8=Aurélien |last9=Rosen |first9=Debbie |last10=Gillett |first10=Nathan P. |last11=Palmer |first11=Matthew D. |last12=Rogelj |first12=Joeri |last13=von Schuckmann |first13=Karina |last14=Trewin |first14=Blair |last15=Allen |first15=Myles |date=2024-06-05 |title=Indicators of Global Climate Change 2023: annual update of key indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence |url=https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/16/2625/2024/ |journal=Earth System Science Data |language=en |volume=16 |issue=6 |pages=2625–2658 |doi=10.5194/essd-16-2625-2024 |bibcode=2024ESSD...16.2625F |doi-access=free |issn=1866-3516}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tí ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ bá tẹ̀síwájú, ìgbóná ayé yóò kọjá 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) láàárín ọdún 2040 sí 2070. Èyí jẹ́ ìpele kan tí Ìgbìmọ̀ Àgbáyé Lórí Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC) sọ pé ó jẹ́ “ewú tó lágbára” (dangerous).&lt;ref name=&quot;Carbon Brief-2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-12-04|title=Analysis: When might the world exceed 1.5C and 2C of global warming?|url=https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-when-might-the-world-exceed-1-5c-and-2c-of-global-warming|access-date=2021-06-17|website=Carbon Brief|language=en|archive-date=6 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606135004/https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-when-might-the-world-exceed-1-5c-and-2c-of-global-warming|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Àbùdá àti Àwọn Ọ̀nà Ìṣiṣẹ́ ==
[[Fáìlì:Atmospheric Transmission.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|Atmospheric absorption and scattering at different wavelengths of electromagnetic waves. The largest absorption band of carbon dioxide is not far from the maximum in the thermal emission from ground, and it partly closes the window of transparency of water—explaining carbon dioxide's major heat-trapping effect.]]
Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì jẹ́ àwọn gáàsì tó ń ṣiṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi (infrared radiation), ìyẹn ni pé wọ́n máa ń gba a wọlé, wọ́n sì tún máa ń tú ú jáde ní àgbègbè ìgbi gígùn kan náà tí ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn ìkùukùu, àti afẹ́fẹ́ Ayé ń tú ìtọ́jú rẹ̀ jáde.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGI_AnnexVII&quot;&gt;IPCC, 2021: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexVII.pdf Annex VII: Glossary] [Matthews, J.B.R., V. Möller, R. van Diemen, J.S. Fuglestvedt, V. Masson-Delmotte, C.  Méndez, S. Semenov, A. Reisinger (eds.)]. In [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/ Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 2215–2256, [[doi:10.1017/9781009157896.022]].&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|2233}}

Nǹkan bí ìdá 99% afẹ́fẹ́ gbígbẹ Ilẹ̀ Ayé (láìka ìrì omi sí) ni nitrogen (N₂) (78%) àti oxygen (O₂) (21%) ṣe. Nítorí pé molikula wọn ní àwọn atomu méjì ti èròjà kan náà, kò sí àìdọ́gba nínú bí agbára iná inú wọn (electrical charges) ṣe pín ká,&lt;ref name=&quot;Archer2011Ch4&quot; /&gt; nítorí náà ìtọ́jú ìgbóná infurarẹẹdi (infrared thermal radiation) kò ní ipa kankan lórí wọn fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ rárá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Wei |first1=Peng-Sheng |last2=Hsieh |first2=Yin-Chih |last3=Chiu |first3=Hsuan-Han |last4=Yen |first4=Da-Lun |last5=Lee |first5=Chieh |last6=Tsai |first6=Yi-Cheng |last7=Ting |first7=Te-Chuan |date=6 October 2018 |title=Absorption coefficient of carbon dioxide across atmospheric troposphere layer |journal=[[Heliyon]] |volume=4 |issue=10 |article-number=e00785 |doi=10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00785 |doi-access=free |pmid=30302408 |pmc=6174548 |bibcode=2018Heliy...400785W |issn = 2405-8440 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìmúra kékeré gan-an péré ló ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ohun tí a mọ̀ sí collision-induced absorption.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Höpfner |first1=M. |last2=Milz |first2=M. |last3=Buehler |first3=S. |last4=Orphall |first4=J. |last5=Stiller |first5=G. |date=24 May 2012 |title=The natural greenhouse effect of atmospheric oxygen (O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and nitrogen (N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) |journal=Geophysical Research Letters |language=en |volume=39 |issue=L10706 |article-number=2012GL051409 |doi=10.1029/2012GL051409 |bibcode=2012GeoRL..3910706H |s2cid=128823108 |issn=1944-8007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Which Gases Are Greenhouse Gases? |url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/greenhousegases/whichgases.html |access-date=2021-05-31 |publisher=American Chemical Society}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Höpfner |first1=M. |last2=Milz |first2=M. |last3=Buehler |first3=S. |last4=Orphall |first4=J. |last5=Stiller |first5=G. |date=24 May 2012 |title=The natural greenhouse effect of atmospheric oxygen (O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and nitrogen (N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) |journal=Geophysical Research Letters |language=en |volume=39 |issue=L10706 |article-number=2012GL051409 |doi=10.1029/2012GL051409 |bibcode=2012GeoRL..3910706H |issn=1944-8007 |s2cid=128823108}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nǹkan bí ìdá 0.9% míì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ náà jẹ́ argon (Ar), èyí tí ó jẹ́ molikula atomu kan ṣoṣo (monatomic), nítorí náà ó jẹ́ mímọ́ pátápátá fún ìtọ́jú ìgbóná. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, carbon dioxide (0.04%), methane, nitrous oxide àti àwọn gáàsì míì tí iye wọn kéré gan-an jọ ṣe kere ju ìdá 0.1% afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé lọ. Ṣùgbọ́n nítorí pé molikula wọn ní àwọn atomu ti àwọn èròjà oríṣìíríṣìí, àìdọ́gba kan wà nínú bí agbára iná wọn ṣe pín ká. Àìdọ́gba yìí ń jẹ́ kí ìrìnkèrindò molikula (molecular vibrations) lè bá àwọn ìgbì amúnáwòrán (electromagnetic radiation) ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀. Èyí ló mú kí wọ́n lè gba ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi, ìyẹn ni pé wọ́n jẹ́ infrared active, àti pé wíwà wọn nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ń fa ipa ilé-gíláàsì.&lt;ref name=&quot;Archer2011Ch4&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Archer |first1=David |url=http://forecast.uchicago.edu/chapter4.pdf |title=Global Warming: Understanding the Forecast, Chapter 4: Greenhouse Gases |date=2011 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-0-470-94341-0 |edition=2 |access-date=14 June 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Ipá Mú-Ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì Ìtọ́jú Yí Padà (Radiative Forcing) ===
[[Fáìlì:1750- Radiative forcing - greenhouse gases and aerosols.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|Hansen àti àwọn alábàáṣiṣẹ́ rẹ̀ (2025) kọ̀wé pé IPCC ti dín ìwọ̀n ipa ìtútù tí aerosols ń ní kù nínú àwọn ìṣírò rẹ̀, èyí tí ó sì mú kí wọ́n tún dín ìwọ̀n climate sensitivity (bí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣe ń fèsì sí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì) kù.&lt;ref name=Envt_Hanson_20250203/&gt; Nínú ohun tí Hansen pè ní “àdéhùn Faustian” (Faustian bargain), ìṣàkóso àti ìdínkù aerosols mú kí ààyè afẹ́fẹ́ mọ́ sí i, ṣùgbọ́n ipa ìtútù tí aerosols ń pèsè kò tún tó láti dín ipa ìgbóná tó ń pọ̀ sí i láti ọwọ́ àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì kù. Èyí ló ṣàlàyé ìdí tí ìgbóná ayé fi ga ju bí a ṣe retí lọ ní ọdún 2023 sí 2024.&lt;ref name=Envt_Hanson_20250203&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hansen |first1=James E. |last2=Kharecha |first2=Pushker |last3=Sato |first3=Makiko |last4=Tselioudis |first4=George |last5=Kelly |first5=Joseph |last6=Bauer |first6=Susanne E. |last7=Ruedy |first7=Reto |last8=Jeong |first8=Eunbi |last9=Jin |first9=Quijian |last10=Rignot |first10=Eric |last11=Velicogna |first11=Isabella |last12=Schoeberl |first12=Mark R. |last13=von Schuckmann |first13=Karina |last14=Amponsem |first14=Joshua |last15=Cao |first15=Junji |last16=Keskinen |first16=Anton |last17=Li |first17=Jing |last18=Pokela |first18=Anni |display-authors=4 |title=Global Warming Has Accelerated: Are the United Nations and the Public Well-Informed? |journal=Environment |date=3 February 2025 |volume=67 |issue=1 |pages=6–44 |doi=10.1080/00139157.2025.2434494|bibcode=2025ESPSD..67....6H |doi-access=free }} Figure 3.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas absorption coefficients.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|Àwọn kọ́ẹ́fíṣẹ́ntì ìmúra ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi-ìgbi-gígùn (longwave-infrared absorption coefficients) ti àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì pàtàkì. Ìrì omi (water vapour) máa ń gba ìtọ́jú lórí àgbègbè ìwọ̀n igbi tó gbòòrò. Ilẹ̀ Ayé sì máa ń tú ìtọ́jú ìgbóná (thermal radiation) jáde ní agbára púpọ̀ ní pàtàkì ní àgbègbè ìmúra carbon dioxide (CO₂) tó wà ní ìwọ̀n igbi 15 micrometre (15 µm). Ìpàtàkì ìrì omi nínú ìmúra ìtọ́jú máa ń dín kù bí a ṣe ń gòkè sí àwọn ìpele afẹ́fẹ́ tó ga sí i.]]
Ilẹ̀ Ayé máa ń gba apá kan nínú agbára ìtọ́jú (radiant energy) tí ó ń gba láti ọ̀dọ̀ Oòrùn, ó máa ń da apá kan padà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìmọ́lẹ̀, ó sì máa ń da tàbí tú ìyókù rẹ̀ padà sí òde ayé gẹ́gẹ́ bí ooru. Ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ ojú pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì kan dá lórí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì tó wà láàárín agbára tó ń wọlé àti agbára tó ń jáde. Nígbà tí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára Ilẹ̀ Ayé bá yí padà, ojú Ilẹ̀ rẹ̀ máa ń gbóná sí i tàbí tutù sí i, èyí tí ó sì ń yọrí sí oríṣìíríṣìí àyípadà nínú ojú-ọjọ́ àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;epa ggas&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=2016 |title=Climate Change Indicators in the United States – Greenhouse Gases |url=https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/greenhouse-gases |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827230238/https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/greenhouse-gases |archive-date=27 August 2016 |access-date=5 September 2020 |publisher=U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Radiative forcing jẹ́ ìwọ̀n kan tí a ń ṣe ní watts fún mètà onígun (W/m²), tí ó ń ṣàpèjúwe ipa tí àyípadà kan láti òde ní lórí ohun kan tó ń ní ipa lórí ojú-ọjọ́. A máa ń ṣe ìṣírò rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyàtọ̀ nínú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì agbára ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́ (top-of-atmosphere, TOA) tí àyípadà òde bẹ́ẹ̀ fa lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀. Radiative forcing rere (positive forcing), bíi èyí tí ó ń ṣẹlẹ̀ nígbà tí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì bá pọ̀ sí i, túmọ̀ sí pé agbára tó ń wọlé pọ̀ ju agbára tó ń jáde lọ ní òkè afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí ó sì ń fa ìgbóná àfikún. Ní ọwọ́ kejì, radiative forcing odi (negative forcing), bíi èyí tí sulfate tí sulfur dioxide dá sílẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ń fa, máa ń yọrí sí ìtútù.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGI_AnnexVII&quot; /&gt;{{rp|2245}}&lt;ref name=&quot;epa cforce&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=2016 |title=Climate Change Indicators in the United States – Climate Forcing |url=https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-climate-forcing |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827223551/https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-climate-forcing |archive-date=27 August 2016 |access-date=5 September 2020 |publisher=U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)}}[https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-08/documents/print_climate-forcing-2016.pdf] &lt;/ref&gt;

Nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ (lower atmosphere), àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì máa ń pàṣípààrọ̀ ìtọ́jú ìgbóná (thermal radiation) pẹ̀lú ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé, wọ́n sì ń dín ìṣàn ooru tí ń lọ kúrò lórí ojú Ilẹ̀ nípasẹ̀ ìtọ́jú kù. Èyí ń dín ìwọ̀n àpapọ̀ ìgbéga ooru nípasẹ̀ ìtọ́jú (upward radiative heat transfer) kù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Wallace2006&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Wallace |first1=J. M. |last2=Hobbs |first2=P. V. |title=Atmospheric Science |date=2006 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=978-0-12-732951-2 |edition=2}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|139}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Manabe1964&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Manabe |first1=S. |last2=Strickler |first2=R. F. |title=Thermal Equilibrium of the Atmosphere with a Convective Adjustment |url=https://archive.org/details/journal-of-the-atmospheric-sciences_1964-07_21_4/page/361 |journal=J. Atmos. Sci. |date=1964 |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=361–385 |doi=10.1175/1520-0469(1964)021&lt;0361:TEOTAW&gt;2.0.CO;2|bibcode=1964JAtS...21..361M |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì tún ń mú kí afẹ́fẹ́ òkè (upper atmosphere) tutù sí i. Èyí jẹ́ nítorí pé afẹ́fẹ́ òkè rọrùn gan-an ju afẹ́fẹ́ ìsàlẹ̀ lọ, àti pé ooru tí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì bá tún tú jáde níbẹ̀ máa ń ní àǹfààní púpọ̀ sí i láti tẹ̀síwájú lọ sí òde ayé ju láti bá àwọn molikula gáàsì díẹ̀ tí ó wà ní afẹ́fẹ́ òkè ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀ lọ. Gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde, afẹ́fẹ́ òkè náà ń dín kù ní ìwọ̀n rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;PierrehumbertTextbook&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Pierrehumbert |first1=Raymond T. |title=Principles of Planetary Climate |date=2010 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-86556-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|413}}

== Àfikún Gáàsì Kọọkan sí Ipa Ilé-Gíláàsì ==
Àwọn ìyípadà tí ènìyàn ń fa sí ipa ilé-gíláàsì àdánidá ni a máa ń pè ní ipa ilé-gíláàsì tí a ti mú pọ̀ sí i (enhanced greenhouse effect).&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGI_AnnexVII&quot; /&gt;{{rp|2223}}

Àtòjọ yìí fi hàn àwọn ìpín pàtàkì jù lọ nínú ipa ilé-gíláàsì lapapọ̀, láìsí èyí tí ìwọ̀n ìtẹ́ àpapọ̀ ojú Ilẹ̀ Ayé yóò jẹ́ nǹkan bí −18 °C (0 °F),&lt;ref name=&quot;NASACO2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title= Science Briefs: Greenhouse Gases: Refining the Role of Carbon Dioxide |url=http://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/ma_01/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050112211604/http://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/ma_01/ |archive-date=2005-01-12 |access-date=2016-04-26 |website=NASA GISS |author1=Qiancheng Ma |date=March 1998 }}&lt;/ref&gt; dípò nǹkan bí 15 °C (59 °F) tí a ní lónìí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Trenberth2003&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Karl TR, Trenberth KE |year=2003 |title=Modern global climate change |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1230878 |via=Zenodo |s2cid-access=free |url-status=live |journal=Science |volume=302 |issue=5651 |pages=1719–23 |bibcode=2003Sci...302.1719K |doi=10.1126/science.1090228 |pmid=14657489 |s2cid=45484084 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422194919/https://zenodo.org/record/1230878 |archive-date=22 April 2021 |access-date=26 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àtòjọ náà tún mẹ́nuba ozone tó wà nínú troposphere, nítorí pé gáàsì yìí ní ipa ìtútù nínú stratosphere, ṣùgbọ́n ó ní ipa ìgbóná nínú troposphere tí ó jọ ti nitrous oxide àti CFCs.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=2016-08-01 |title=Atmospheric Concentration of Greenhouse Gases |url=https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-08/documents/print_ghg-concentrations-2016.pdf |publisher=[[U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot; id-&quot;GHG-ranking&quot;
|+ Ìpín Ìdásílẹ̀ Gáàsì Ilé-Gíláàsì Lapapọ̀ (% Contribution to Total Greenhouse Effect)
! !! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | K&amp;T (1997)&lt;ref name=&quot;kiehl197&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Kiehl |first=J.T. |author2=Kevin E. Trenberth |year=1997 |title=Earth's annual global mean energy budget |journal=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |volume=78 |issue=2 |pages=197–208 |bibcode=1997BAMS...78..197K |doi=10.1175/1520-0477(1997)078&lt;0197:EAGMEB&gt;2.0.CO;2 |doi-access=free |url=http://www.geo.utexas.edu/courses/387h/PAPERS/kiehl.pdf |access-date=2026-06-23 |archivedate=2024-09-18 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918103545/http://www.geo.utexas.edu/courses/387H/PAPERS/kiehl.pdf |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; !! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Schmidt (2010)&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidt2010paper&quot;&gt;{{citation |author1=Schmidt, G.A. |title=The attribution of the present-day total greenhouse effect |url=http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2010/2010_Schmidt_etal_1.pdf |work=J. Geophys. Res. |volume=115 |issue=D20 |pages=D20106 |year=2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111022111918/http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2010/2010_Schmidt_etal_1.pdf |bibcode=2010JGRD..11520106S |doi=10.1029/2010JD014287 |archive-date=22 October 2011 |author2=R. Ruedy |author3=R.L. Miller |author4=A.A. Lacis |article-number=2010JD014287 |author-link1=Gavin Schmidt |doi-access=free}}, D20106. [http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/abs/sc05400j.html Web page ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604034848/http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/abs/sc05400j.html|date=4 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! Olùkópa (Contributor) !! Ọ̀run Mímọ́ (Clear Sky) !! Pẹ̀lú Àwọsánmà (With Clouds) !! Ọ̀run Mímọ́ (Clear Sky) !! Pẹ̀lú Àwọsánmà (With Clouds)
|-
| Ìrì Omi (Water Vapour) || 60 || 41 || 67 || 50
|-
| Àwọsánmà (Clouds) || || 31 || || 25
|-
| CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;|| 26 || 18 || 24 || 19
|-
| Tropospheric ozone (O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) || 8 || || ||
|-
| N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O + CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;|| 6 || || ||
|-
| Other || || 9 || 9 || 7
|-
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 0.85em; padding: 5px 2px 5px 10px; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;&quot; |
K&amp;T (1997) lo 353 ppm ti CO₂, wọ́n sì ṣe ìṣírò ipa ilé-gíláàsì lapapọ̀ tí ọ̀run mímọ́ (clear-sky greenhouse effect) tó jẹ́ 125 W/m². Wọ́n dá lórí àpẹẹrẹ afẹ́fẹ́ kan ṣoṣo àti àwòṣe awọsánmà kan. Àwọn ìpín “Pẹ̀lú Àwọsánmà” jẹ́ láti ìtumọ̀ Schmidt (2010) ti iṣẹ́ K&amp;T (1997).

Schmidt (2010) lo data climatology ti ọdún 1980 pẹ̀lú 339 ppm ti CO₂, ó sì ṣe ìṣírò ipa ilé-gíláàsì lapapọ̀ tí ó jẹ́ 155 W/m². Ó tún kópa ìpínkiri àkókò àti ìpínkiri mẹ́ta-ọ̀nà (3-D spatial distribution) ti àwọn ohun tí ń gba ìtọ́jú (absorbers) sínú àyẹ̀wò rẹ̀.&lt;br /&gt;
|}

=== Ipa Pàtàkì Ìrì Omi (Special Role of Water Vapour) ===
[[Fáìlì:CO2 H2O absorption atmospheric gases unique pattern energy wavelengths of energy transparent to others.png|thumb|Àwọn gáàsì afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń gba díẹ̀ nínú ìgbi agbára (energy wavelengths) kan ṣoṣo, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n tún máa ń jẹ́ mímọ́ fún àwọn ìgbi míì. Àpẹẹrẹ ìmúra ìtọ́jú (absorption patterns) ti ìrì omi (water vapour) (àwọn gíga buluu) àti carbon dioxide (CO₂) (àwọn gíga pupa) máa ń bọ́ lórí ara wọn ní àwọn ìwọ̀n igbi kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA climate forcings&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=January 14, 2009 |title=NASA: Climate Forcings and Global Warming |url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/EnergyBalance/page7.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418152758/https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/EnergyBalance/page7.php |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=20 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìrì omi (water vapour) ni gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì tó ṣe pàtàkì jù lọ lapapọ̀, nítorí pé ó ń kópa nínú nǹkan bí ìdá 41–67% nínú ipa ilé-gíláàsì.&lt;ref name=&quot;kiehl197&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schmidt2010paper&quot; /&gt; Síbẹ̀, ìwọ̀n rẹ̀ nínú ayé kì í jẹ́ ohun tí iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ń ṣàkóso taara. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé iṣẹ́ ènìyàn bíi ìrìgá (irrigation) lè ní ipa lórí ìrì omi ní agbègbè kan, ipa yìí kéré gan-an lórí ìwọ̀n àgbáyé nítorí pé ìrì omi kì í pẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ — ìgbà ààyè rẹ̀ jẹ́ nǹkan bí ọjọ́ mẹ́sàn-án péré.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=27 April 1995 |title=AGU Water Vapor in the Climate System |url=http://www.eso.org/gen-fac/pubs/astclim/espas/pwv/mockler.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020163357/http://www.eso.org/gen-fac/pubs/astclim/espas/pwv/mockler.html |archive-date=20 October 2012 |access-date=2011-09-11 |publisher=Eso.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; Síbẹ̀, nípa àìtaara, bí ìwọ̀n ìgbóná ayé ṣe ń pọ̀ sí i, yóò mú kí ìrì omi nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, èyí tí yóò sì tún mú ìgbóná náà lágbára sí i. Ìlànà yìí ni a mọ̀ sí ìfèsìpadà ìrì omi (water vapour feedback). Èyí ṣẹlẹ̀ nítorí ìlànà Clausius–Clapeyron, tó sọ pé bí ìwọ̀n ooru ṣe ń gòkè, ìpọ̀ ìrì omi tí afẹ́fẹ́ lè dì pọ̀ sí i nínú ìwọn kọọkan tún máa ń pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;Held&amp;Soden2000&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Held |first1=Isaac M. |last2=Soden |first2=Brian J. |date=November 2000 |title=Water vapor feedback and global warming |journal=[[Annual Review of Energy and the Environment]] |language=en |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=441–475 |citeseerx=10.1.1.22.9397 |doi=10.1146/annurev.energy.25.1.441 |issn=1056-3466 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nítorí náà, ìwọ̀n ìrì omi nínú afẹ́fẹ́ lè yàtọ̀ gidigidi: ó lè jẹ́ kéré ju 0.01% lọ ní àwọn agbègbè tó tutù gan-an, sí i tó 3% nípa ìpọ̀ ní afẹ́fẹ́ tí ó ti kún fún omi ní ìwọ̀n 32 °C.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=Evans, Kimberly Masters |url=https://archive.org/details/environment00kimm_0 |title=The environment: a revolution in attitudes |publisher=Thomson Gale |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7876-9082-3 |location=Detroit |chapter=The greenhouse effect and climate change |chapter-url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=DdtzAAAACAAJ}} |url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Agbára Ìgbóná Ayé Tó Wọ́pọ̀ (Global Warming Potential, GWP) àti CO₂ Equivalents ===
[[Fáìlì:Perfluorotributylamine-global-warming-potential.jpg|thumb|Àfiwé agbára ìgbóná ayé (GWP-100) ti àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì mẹ́ta lórí àkókò ọdún 100 fún ton kọọkan: Perfluorotributylamine (PFTBA), nitrous oxide, àti methane, ní ìfíwéra pẹ̀lú carbon dioxide (CO₂, èyí tí a fi ṣe ìpele ìfíwéra, nítorí náà GWP rẹ̀ jẹ́ 1). PFTBA ni a lo nínú àpẹẹrẹ yìí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣojú ẹgbẹ́ ńlá kan ti àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì fluorinated tí ó lágbára gan-an. Àpapọ̀ àwọn hydrocarbon fluorinated kópa nínú nǹkan bí ìdá 10% ti ìgbóná ayé.]]
Ìwọn Agbára Ìgbóná Ayé Gbogbogbò (GWP) jẹ́ ìwọn bí gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì kan ṣe ń di ooru mú nínú afẹ́fẹ́ lórí àkókò kan pàtó, ní ìfíwéra pẹ̀lú carbon dioxide (CO₂).&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#cite_note-Global_warming_potential_:2-40&lt;/ref&gt;  Ó jẹ́ ìwọ̀n tí kò ní ẹ̀ka (dimensionless) tí a ń fi hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìlọ́po ìgbóná tí ìwọ̀n kan náà ti CO₂ yóò fa. Nítorí náà, ní ìtumọ̀ rẹ̀, CO₂ ní GWP tó dọ́gba pẹ̀lú 1. Fún àwọn gáàsì mìíràn, ó dá lórí bí gáàsì náà ṣe lágbára tó láti gba ìtọ́jú ìgbóná (thermal radiation), bí ó ṣe yara tó láti kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, àti àkókò tí a fi ń ṣe àyẹ̀wò náà.

Fún àpẹẹrẹ, methane ní Ìwọn Agbára Ìgbóná Ayé lórí ọdún 20 (GWP-20) tó jẹ́ 81.2,&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#cite_note-Global_warming_potential_:0-41&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tó túmọ̀ sí pé jíjò ton kan ti methane dọ́gba pẹ̀lú ìtújáde ton 81.2 ti carbon dioxide, bí a bá fi àkókò ọdún 20 ṣe ìwọ̀n wọn. Níwọ̀n bí methane ṣe ní àkókò ìgbé ayé nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tó kúkúrú ju carbon dioxide lọ, GWP rẹ̀ máa ń dín kù lórí àwọn àkókò tó gùn sí i, pẹ̀lú GWP-100 tó jẹ́ 27.9 àti GWP-500 tó jẹ́ 7.95.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Ìtújáde gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì (GHG emissions) lè jẹ́ fífi hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide equivalent mass tàbí carbon dioxide equivalent nìkan (tí a ń fi àmì CO₂e tàbí CO₂eq hàn, tí a tún lè kọ sí CO₂-e tàbí CO₂-eq). A lè ṣe ìṣírò rẹ̀ láti inú GWP àti ìwọ̀n gáàsì tí a tú jáde. Fún gáàsì kankan, ó jẹ́ ìwọ̀n CO₂ tí yóò mú kí Ilẹ̀ Ayé gbóná tó bẹ́ẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìwọ̀n gáàsì náà. Nítorí náà, ó pèsè ìwọ̀n kan ṣoṣo fún fífi wọn ipa ojú-ọjọ́ ti àwọn gáàsì oríṣìíríṣìí. A máa ń ṣe ìṣírò rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí GWP tí a fi ìwọ̀n gáàsì kejì náà sọ́pọ̀; a sì máa ń fi hàn ní gigatonnes (àmì: Gt).

== Àtòjọ gbogbo àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ==
[[Fáìlì:1979- Radiative forcing - climate change - global warming - EPA NOAA.svg|thumb|upright=1.5|Ipa radiative forcing (ipa ìgbóná) ti àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì tó pẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún àkókò pípẹ́ ti ń pọ̀ sí i ní kíákíá, ó sì ti fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ di ìlọ́po méjì nínú ọdún mẹ́rìnlélógójì (40 years).&lt;ref name=NOAA_AGGI_2024&gt;{{cite web |title=The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI) |url=https://gml.noaa.gov/aggi/aggi.html |website=NOAA.gov |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260116020004/https://gml.noaa.gov/aggi/aggi.html |archive-date=16 January 2026 |date=2026 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Annual Greenhouse Gas Index |url=https://www.globalchange.gov/browse/indicators/annual-greenhouse-gas-index |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421143115/https://www.globalchange.gov/browse/indicators/annual-greenhouse-gas-index |archive-date=21 April 2021 |access-date=5 September 2020 |publisher=U.S. Global Change Research Program}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ìpín tí gáàsì kọ̀ọ̀kan ń kó sí ipa ilé-gíláàsì tí a ti mú pọ̀ sí i (enhanced greenhouse effect) dá lórí àwọn àbùdá gáàsì náà, iye rẹ̀, àti àwọn ipa àìtaara tí ó lè fa. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, ipa radiative forcing tààrà ti ìwọ̀n kan ti methane jẹ́ nǹkan bí ìlọ́po 84 lágbára ju ìwọ̀n kan náà ti carbon dioxide lọ lórí àkókò ọdún 20.&lt;ref name=&quot;TableOfWarmingPotentials5&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report |page=731 |chapter=Appendix 8.A |access-date=6 November 2017 |chapter-url=http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_Chapter08_FINAL.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013100414/http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg1/WG1AR5_Chapter08_FINAL.pdf |archive-date=13 October 2017 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láti ọdún 1980s, a tún ti ń ṣe ìṣírò àwọn ìpín greenhouse gas forcing (ní ìfíwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750) pẹ̀lú ìdánilójú gíga, ní lílo àwọn àfihàn tí IPCC dámọ̀ràn tí a ti mú jáde láti inú àwọn àwòṣe radiative transfer.&lt;ref name=&quot;butmon2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |author=Butler J. and Montzka S. |year=2020 |title=The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI) |url=https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/aggi/aggi.html |publisher=[[NOAA]] Global Monitoring Laboratory/Earth System Research Laboratories}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìwọ̀n gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ni a sábà máa ń wọn ní parts per million (ppm) tàbí parts per billion (ppb) ní ìwọ̀n àgbègbè (by volume). Ìwọ̀n CO₂ tó jẹ́ 420 ppm túmọ̀ sí pé nínú gbogbo mílíọ̀nù kan (1,000,000) molikula afẹ́fẹ́, 420 nínú wọn ni molikula CO₂. Ìlọsíwájú àkọ́kọ́ ti 30 ppm nínú ìwọ̀n CO₂ gba nǹkan bí ọdún 200 láti ṣẹlẹ̀, láti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Ìyípadà Ilé-iṣẹ́ (Industrial Revolution) títí di ọdún 1958. Ṣùgbọ́n ìlọsíwájú tó tẹ̀lé e, tó jẹ́ 90 ppm, ṣẹlẹ̀ láàárín ọdún 56 péré, láti ọdún 1958 sí 2014.&lt;ref name=&quot;NOAA2022&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kibert2016&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Charles J. Kibert |title=Sustainable Construction: Green Building Design and Delivery |publisher=Wiley |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-119-05532-7 |chapter=Background |chapter-url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=qv3iCwAAQBAJ|page=698}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |year=2005 |title=Full Mauna Loa CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; record |url=https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/full.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428033710/https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/full.html |archive-date=28 April 2017 |access-date=6 May 2017 |publisher=Earth System Research Laboratories}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bákan náà, àpapọ̀ ìlọsíwájú ọdún kọ̀ọ̀kan ní àwọn ọdún 1960s jẹ́ 37% péré ti ohun tí ó jẹ́ láàárín ọdún 2000 sí 2007.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite FTP |last=Tans |first=Pieter |date=3 May 2008 |server=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratories, Global Monitoring Division |title=Annual CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mole fraction increase (ppm) for 1959–2007 |url=ftp://ftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/ccg/co2/trends/co2_gr_mlo.txt }} {{cite web |title=additional details |url=http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225142754/https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/ |archive-date=25 December 2018 |access-date=15 May 2008}}; see also {{cite journal |last1=Masarie |first1=K.A. |last2=Tans |first2=P.P. |year=1995 |title=Extension and integration of atmospheric carbon dioxide data into a globally consistent measurement record |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1231364 |url-status=live |journal=J. Geophys. Res. |volume=100 |issue=D6 |pages=11593–610 |bibcode=1995JGR...10011593M |doi=10.1029/95JD00859 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308193900/https://zenodo.org/record/1231364 |archive-date=8 March 2021 |access-date=26 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀ àkíyèsí (observations) wà lórí ẹ̀rọ ayélujára nínú oríṣìíríṣìí Àkójọpọ̀ Dátà Àkíyèsí Kemísírì Afẹ́fẹ́ (Atmospheric Chemistry Observational Databases). Tábìlì tó wà ní ìsàlẹ̀ fi àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì tó pẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́, tí wọ́n sì dà pọ̀ dáadáa (long-lived, well-mixed greenhouse gases), hàn, pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n wọn nínú troposphere àti ipa radiative forcing tààrà wọn, gẹ́gẹ́ bí Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ṣe dá wọn mọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;ar5&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/ |title=AR5 Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis |contribution=Chapter 8}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń ṣe ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì àtọ̀ka wọ̀nyí (trace gases) déédéé láti inú àwọn àpẹẹrẹ afẹ́fẹ́ tí a kó jọ láti oríṣìíríṣìí agbègbè ayé.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Global Monitoring Laboratory |url=https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ |access-date=2020-12-11 |publisher=NOAA Earth System Research Laboratories}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases |url=https://gaw.kishou.go.jp/ |access-date=2020-12-11 |publisher=World Meteorological Organization Global Atmosphere Watch Programme and Japan Meteorological Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Advanced Global Atmospheric Gas Experiment |url=https://agage.mit.edu/ |access-date=2020-12-11 |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tábìlì náà kò kà ìrì omi (water vapor) sí, nítorí pé àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n rẹ̀ ni a máa ń ṣe ìṣírò wọn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìfèsìpadà sí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ (climate change feedback) tí ó ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àìtaara látàrí àwọn ìyípadà nínú àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì mìíràn. Ó tún yọ ozone kúrò, nítorí pé àwọn ìyípadà nínú ìwọ̀n rẹ̀ máa ń ṣẹlẹ̀ ní àìtaara nìkan látàrí àwọn refrigerants oríṣìíríṣìí tí ń fa ìparun ozone. Diẹ̀ lára àwọn gáàsì tó kì í pẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (short-lived gases), bíi carbon monoxide àti NOx, pẹ̀lú àwọn aerosol bíi eruku ilẹ̀ (mineral dust) tàbí black carbon, ni a tún yọ kúrò nítorí ipa wọn tó kéré àti ìyípadà wọn tó lágbára. Bákan náà, àwọn refrigerants kéékèèké àti àwọn gáàsì halogenated mìíràn ni a tún yọ kúrò, nítorí pé a ti ṣe wọn ní iye tó kéré ju àwọn tó wà nínú tábìlì náà lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;ar5&quot; /&gt;{{rp|731–738}}  àti Annex III ti Ìròyìn IPCC WG1 ti ọdún 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;ar6&quot;&gt;{{citation |title=Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |date=2021-08-09 |editor=Dentener F. J. |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/#FullReport |section=Annex III: Tables of historical and projected well-mixed greenhouse gas mixing ratios and effective radiative forcing of all climate forcers |section-url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_AnnexIII.pdf |publisher=Cambridge University Press |editor2=B. Hall |editor3=C. Smith}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|4–9}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+Àtòjọ IPCC ti àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì pẹ̀lú àkókò tí wọ́n máa ń pẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ (lifetime), Agbára Ìgbóná Ayé Gbogbogbò lórí ọdún 100 (100-year Global Warming Potential), ìwọ̀n wọn nínú troposphere, àti àwọn radiative forcings wọn. Àwọn àkótán TAR, AR4, AR5 àti AR6 ń tọ́ka sí àwọn ìròyìn IPCC oríṣìíríṣìí tí a tẹ̀ jáde láàárín àwọn ọdún. Ìpìlẹ̀ ìfíwéra náà ni àkókò ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ilé-iṣẹ́ (pre-industrialization), ìyẹn ọdún 1750.
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Species
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[#Atmospheric lifetime|Lifetime]]
(years)
&lt;ref name=&quot;ar5&quot; /&gt;{{rp|731}}
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |100-yr
[[Global warming potential|GWP]]
&lt;ref name=&quot;ar5&quot; /&gt;{{rp|731}}
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |Mole Fraction [ppt – except as noted]{{efn-ua|1=[[Mole fraction]]s: μmol/mol = ppm = parts per million (10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;); nmol/mol = ppb = parts per billion (10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;); pmol/mol = ppt = parts per trillion (10&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;).}} + [[Radiative forcing]] [W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;]{{efn-ua|Values are relative to year 1750. AR6 reports the ''effective radiative forcing'' which includes effects of rapid adjustments in the atmosphere and at the surface.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |author=Hansen, J. |author2=Sato, M. |author3=Ruedy, R. |display-authors=etal |year=2005 |title=Efficacy of Climate Forcings |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |volume=119 |issue=D18104 |article-number=2005JD005776 |doi=10.1029/2005JD005776 |doi-access=free|bibcode=2005JGRD..11018104H }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Concentrations 
over time&lt;ref name=&quot;hats&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Long-term global trends of atmospheric trace gases |url=https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/hats/data.html |access-date=2021-02-11 |publisher=NOAA Earth System Research Laboratories}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;agage&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=AGAGE Data and Figures |url=https://agage.mit.edu/data/agage-data |access-date=2021-02-11 |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology}}&lt;/ref&gt;

up to year 2022
|-
!Baseline
Year 1750
![[IPCC Third Assessment Report|TAR]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tar&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar3/wg1/ |title=TAR Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis |page=358 |contribution=Chapter 6}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Year 1998
![[IPCC Fourth Assessment Report|AR4]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ar4&quot;&gt;{{cite book |url=http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/ar4-wg1.htm |title=AR4 Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis |page=141 |contribution=Chapter 2}}&lt;/ref&gt;
Year 2005
![[IPCC Fifth Assessment Report|AR5]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ar5&quot; /&gt;{{rp|678}}
Year 2011
![[IPCC Sixth Assessment Report|AR6]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ar6&quot; /&gt;{{rp|4–9}} 
Year 2019
|-
|[[Carbon dioxide|CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;]] [ppm]
|{{efn-ua|The IPCC states that ''&quot;no single atmospheric lifetime can be given&quot;'' for CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;ref name=&quot;ar5&quot; /&gt;{{rp|731}}  This is mostly due to the rapid growth and cumulative magnitude of the disturbances to Earth's [[carbon cycle]] by the geologic extraction and burning of fossil carbon.&lt;ref name=&quot;Friedlingstein2020&quot; /&gt; As of year 2014, fossil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emitted as a theoretical 10 to 100&amp;nbsp;GtC pulse on top of the existing atmospheric concentration was expected to be 50% removed by land vegetation and ocean [[Carbon sink|sinks]] in less than about a century, as based on the projections of [[Coupled Model Intercomparison Project|coupled models]] referenced in the AR5 assessment.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report – Supplemental Material |page=8SM-16 |chapter=Figure 8.SM.4 |chapter-url=https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/07/WGI_AR5.Chap_.8_SM.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt; A substantial fraction (20–35%) was also projected to remain in the atmosphere for centuries to millennia, where fractional persistence increases with pulse size.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last=Archer |first=David |year=2009 |title=Atmospheric lifetime of fossil fuel carbon dioxide |url=https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/12933 |journal=Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=117–34 |bibcode=2009AREPS..37..117A |doi=10.1146/annurev.earth.031208.100206 |hdl=2268/12933}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |author=Joos, F. |author2=Roth, R. |author3=Fuglestvedt, J.D. |display-authors=etal |year=2013 |title=Carbon dioxide and climate impulse response functions for the computation of greenhouse gas metrics: A multi-model analysis |url=https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/13/2793/2013/ |journal=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=2793–2825 |doi=10.5194/acpd-12-19799-2012 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/58316}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

|1
|278
|365 '''(1.46)''' 
|379 '''(1.66)'''
|391 '''(1.82)'''
|410 '''(2.16)'''
|[[File:Mauna_Loa_CO2_monthly_mean_concentration.svg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Methane|CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]] [ppb]
|12.4
|28
|700
|1,745 '''(0.48)'''
|1,774 '''(0.48)'''
|1,801 '''(0.48)'''
|1866 '''(0.54)'''
|[[File:CH4 mm.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Nitrous oxide|N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O]] [ppb]
|121
|265
|270 
|314 '''(0.15)'''
|319 '''(0.16)''' 
|324 '''(0.17)'''
|332 '''(0.21)'''
|[[File:HATS_Nitrous_Oxide_concentration.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Trichlorofluoromethane|CFC-11]]
|45
|4,660
|0
|268 '''(0.07)'''
|251 '''(0.063)'''
|238 '''(0.062)'''
|226 '''(0.066)'''
|[[File:Hats_f11_global.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Dichlorodifluoromethane|CFC-12]]
|100
|10,200
|0
|533 '''(0.17)'''
|538 '''(0.17)'''
|528 '''(0.17)'''
|503 '''(0.18)'''
|[[File:Hats_f12_global.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Chlorotrifluoromethane|CFC-13]]
|640
|13,900
|0
|4 '''(0.001)'''
| –
|2.7 '''(0.0007)'''
|3.28 '''(0.0009)'''
|[https://agage2.eas.gatech.edu/data_archive/data_figures/monthly/pdf/CFC-13_mm.pdf cfc13] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913121631/https://agage2.eas.gatech.edu/data_archive/data_figures/monthly/pdf/CFC-13_mm.pdf |date=2024-09-13 }}
|-
|[[1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane|CFC-113]]
|85
|6,490
|0
|84 '''(0.03)'''
|79 '''(0.024)'''
|74 '''(0.022)'''
|70 '''(0.021)'''
|[[File:Hats_f113_global.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane|CFC-114]]
|190
|7,710
|0
|15 '''(0.005)'''
| –
| –
|16 '''(0.005)'''
|[https://agage2.eas.gatech.edu/data_archive/data_figures/monthly/pdf/CFC-114_mm.pdf cfc114] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913021411/https://agage2.eas.gatech.edu/data_archive/data_figures/monthly/pdf/CFC-114_mm.pdf |date=2024-09-13 }}
|-
|[[CFC-115]]
|1,020
|5,860
|0
|7 '''(0.001)'''
| –
|8.37 '''(0.0017)'''
|8.67 '''(0.0021)'''
|[https://agage2.eas.gatech.edu/data_archive/data_figures/monthly/pdf/CFC-115_mm.pdf cfc115] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913082117/https://agage2.eas.gatech.edu/data_archive/data_figures/monthly/pdf/CFC-115_mm.pdf |date=2024-09-13 }}
|-
|[[HCFC-22]]
|11.9
|5,280
|0
|132 '''(0.03)'''
|169 '''(0.033)'''
|213 '''(0.0447)'''
|247 '''(0.0528)'''
|[[File:HCFC22_concentration.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[HCFC-141b]]
|9.2
|2,550
|0
|10 '''(0.001)'''
|18 '''(0.0025)'''
|21.4 '''(0.0034)'''
|24.4 '''(0.0039)'''
|[[File:HCFC141b_concentration.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[HCFC-142b]]
|17.2
|5,020
|0
|11 '''(0.002)'''
|15 '''(0.0031)'''
|21.2 '''(0.0040)'''
|22.3 '''(0.0043)'''
|[[File:HCFC142b_concentration.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[1,1,1-Trichloroethane|CH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;CCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;]]
|5
|160
|0
|69 '''(0.004)'''
|19 '''(0.0011)'''
|6.32 '''(0.0004)'''
|1.6 '''(0.0001)'''
|[[File:BK_MC.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Carbon tetrachloride|CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]]
|26
|1,730
|0{{efn-ua|Natural sources do exist, but these do not produce a concentration as high as 1 [[Parts-per notation|part per quadrillion]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Gribble|first=Gordon W.|title=Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds – A Comprehensive Update|year=2009 |publisher=Springer Science and Business Media |isbn=978-3-211-99323-1 |page=15}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|102 '''(0.01)'''
|93 '''(0.012)'''
|85.8 '''(0.0146)'''
|78 '''(0.0129)'''
|[[File:Hats_ccl4_global.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[HFC-23]]
|222
|12,400
|0
|14 '''(0.002)'''
|18 '''(0.0033)'''
|24 '''(0.0043)'''
|32.4 '''(0.0062)'''
|[[File:HFC-23_mm.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[HFC-32]]
|5.2
|677
|0
| –
| –
|4.92 '''(0.0005)'''
|20 '''(0.0022)'''
|[[File:BK_HFC32.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[HFC-125]]
|28.2
|3,170
|0
| –
|3.7 '''(0.0009)'''
|9.58 '''(0.0022)'''
|29.4 '''(0.0069)'''
|[[File:HFC125_concentration.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[HFC-134a]]
|13.4
|1,300
|0
|7.5 '''(0.001)'''
|35 '''(0.0055)'''
|62.7 '''(0.0100)'''
|107.6 '''(0.018)'''
|[[File:HFC-134a mm.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[HFC-143a]]
|47.1
|4,800
|0
| –
| –
|12.0 '''(0.0019)'''
|24 '''(0.0040)'''
|[[File:HFC143a_concentration.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[HFC-152a]]
|1.5
|138
|0
|0.5 '''(0.0000)'''
|3.9 '''(0.0004)'''
|6.4 '''(0.0006)'''
|7.1 '''(0.0007)'''
|[[File:HFC152a_concentration.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Tetrafluoromethane|CF&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]] (PFC-14)
|50,000
|6,630
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |40&lt;ref name=&quot;Natural&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Harnisch|first1=Jochen|last2=Eisenhauer|first2=Anton|title=Natural CF&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and SF&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; on Earth|url=https://archive.org/details/geophysical-research-letters_1998-07-01_25_13/page/2401|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|volume=25|year=1998|issue=13 |pages=2401–2404|doi=10.1029/98GL01779 |bibcode=1998GeoRL..25.2401H |s2cid=129805049 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{efn-ua|Figure is combined total natural abundance of all perfluorocarbons: no data exist for individual compounds.}}
|80 '''(0.003)'''
|74 '''(0.0034)'''
|79 '''(0.0040)'''
|85.5 '''(0.0051)'''
|[[File:Tetrafluoromethane_concentration.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Hexafluoroethane|C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;F&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;]] (PFC-116)
|10,000
|11,100
|3 '''(0.001)'''
|2.9 '''(0.0008)'''
|4.16 '''(0.0010)'''
|4.85 '''(0.0013)'''
|[[File:Hexafluoroethane_concentration.jpg|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Sulfur hexafluoride|SF&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;]]
|3,200
|23,500
|0.01&lt;ref name=&quot;Natural&quot;/&gt;
|4.2 '''(0.002)'''
|5.6 '''(0.0029)'''
|7.28 '''(0.0041)'''
|9.95 '''(0.0056)'''
|[[File:Sulfur_Hexafluoride_concentration.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Sulfuryl fluoride|SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;]]
|36
|4,090
|0
| –
| –
|1.71 '''(0.0003)'''
|2.5 '''(0.0005)'''
|[[File:SO2F2_mm.png|upright=0.5|frameless]]
|-
|[[Nitrogen trifluoride|NF&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;]]
|500
|16,100
|0
| –
| –
|0.9 '''(0.0002)'''
|2.05 '''(0.0004)'''
|
|}

A. Mole fractions: μmol/mol = ppm = parts per million (10⁶); nmol/mol = ppb = parts per billion (10⁹); pmol/mol = ppt = parts per trillion (10¹²).

B. Àwọn iye wọ̀nyí jẹ́ ní ìfíwéra pẹ̀lú ọdún 1750. AR6 ń fi effective radiative forcing hàn, èyí tí ó tún kà àwọn ipa àwọn àtúnṣe kíákíá (rapid adjustments) nínú afẹ́fẹ́ àti lórí ojú ilẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;hats&quot; /&gt;

C. IPCC sọ pé “a kò lè fún CO₂ ní àkókò ìgbésí ayé kan ṣoṣo nínú afẹ́fẹ́”.&lt;ref name=&quot;ar5&quot; /&gt;  Èyí jẹ́ púpọ̀ nítorí ìdagba kíákíá àti àpapọ̀ ìyípadà tí ènìyàn ti fa sí carbon cycle Ilẹ̀ Ayé nípasẹ̀ yíyọ carbon fósílì jáde láti inú ilẹ̀ àti sísun un.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#cite_note-Friedlingstein2020-61&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2014, a retí pé bí a bá tú fossil CO₂ jáde gẹ́gẹ́ bí pulse tó jẹ́ 10 sí 100 GtC lórí ìwọ̀n CO₂ tó ti wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tẹ́lẹ̀, nǹkan bí 50% rẹ̀ yóò jẹ́ yíyọ kúrò nípasẹ̀ ewéko ilẹ̀ àti àwọn sink inú òkun láàárín àkókò tó kéré ju ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún kan lọ, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwọn àwòṣe tó darapọ̀ (coupled models) tí a tọ́ka sí nínú ìròyìn AR5.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#cite_note-62&lt;/ref&gt; A tún retí pé ìpín pàtàkì kan (20–35%) yóò ṣì dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ fún ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún sí ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún, níbi tí ìpín tó ń dúró yóò ti máa pọ̀ sí i bí ìwọ̀n pulse náà ṣe ń tóbi sí i.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#cite_note-63&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#cite_note-64&lt;/ref&gt;

D. Àwọn orísun àdánidá wà, ṣùgbọ́n wọn kì í ṣe ìwọ̀n tó ga tó 1 part per quadrillion.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#cite_note-66&lt;/ref&gt;

E. Nọ́ńbà náà jẹ́ àpapọ̀ ìwọ̀n àdánidá gbogbo perfluorocarbons; kò sí data fún ọkọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn àkópọ̀ kemika náà.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ar4-wg1-chapter7-1.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn nǹkan tí ń ní ipa lórí ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì (Factors Affecting Concentrations) ==
Ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ni a ń pinnu nípasẹ̀ ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì láàárín àwọn orísun (ìtújáde gáàsì náà láti inú iṣẹ́ ènìyàn àti àwọn ètò àdánidá) àti àwọn ibi ìyọkúrò (yíyọ gáàsì náà kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ nípasẹ̀ yíyí i padà sí àkópọ̀ kemika míì tàbí mímú un wọ inú àwọn omi).&lt;ref&gt;Denman, K.L., G. Brasseur, A. Chidthaisong, P. Ciais, P.M. Cox, R.E. Dickinson, D. Hauglustaine, C. Heinze, E. Holland, D. Jacob, U. Lohmann, S Ramachandran, P.L. da Silva Dias, S.C. Wofsy and X. Zhang, 2007: [https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ar4-wg1-chapter7-1.pdf Chapter 7: Couplings Between Changes in the Climate System and Biogeochemistry]. In: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar4/wg1/ Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M.Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|512}}

=== Ìpín Tó Ṣì Wà nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ (Airborne Fraction) ===
[[Fáìlì:Carbon Dioxide Partitioning.svg|thumb|upright=1.35Àwọn ohun tó ń fa ìgbóná ayé tó ti ṣẹlẹ̀ títí di báyìí. Agbára ìgbóná ayé tó lè ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ iwájú láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ohun tó pẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ bíi ìtújáde carbon dioxide kò sí nínú àwòrán yìí. Àwọn whiskers tó wà lórí ọ̀kọ̀ọ̀kan àwọn ọ̀pá (bars) ń fi àgbègbè àṣìṣe tó ṣeé ṣe hàn.]]

Ìpín ìtújáde gáàsì kan tí ó ṣì wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ lẹ́yìn àkókò kan pàtó ni a ń pè ní &quot;airborne fraction&quot; (AF). Airborne fraction ọdún kọ̀ọ̀kan ni ìpín ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n gáàsì náà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní ọdún kan sí àpapọ̀ gbogbo ìtújáde rẹ̀ ní ọdún náà. Airborne fraction ọdún kọ̀ọ̀kan fún CO₂ ti dúró ṣinṣin ní 0.45 fún ọdún Ogóta (60 years) sẹ́yìn, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ìtújáde rẹ̀ ti ń pọ̀ sí i. Èyí túmọ̀ sí pé ìpín 0.55 tó kù nínú CO₂ tí a tú jáde ni àwọn carbon sinks ilẹ̀ àti afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń gba wọlé láàárín ọdún àkọ́kọ́ lẹ́yìn ìtújáde náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Nínú àwọn àwòṣe tí ìtújáde gáàsì pọ̀ gan-an, agbára àwọn carbon sinks láti gba CO₂ yóò dín kù, èyí tí yóò mú kí ìpín CO₂ tó ṣì wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pọ̀ sí i, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé iye CO₂ gangan tí wọ́n gba yóò ga ju ti ìsinsìnyí lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6WG1CH5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Canadell |first1=J. G. |last2=Monteiro |first2=P. M. S. |last3=Costa |first3=M. H. |last4=Cotrim da Cunha |first4=L. |last5=Ishii |first5=M. |last6=Jaccard |first6=S. |last7=Cox |first7=P. M. |last8=Eliseev |first8=A. V. |last9=Henson |first9=S. |last10=Koven |first10=C. |last11=Lohila |first11=A. |last12=Patra |first12=P. K. |last13=Piao |first13=S. |last14=Rogelj |first14=J. |last15=Syampungani |first15=S. |last16=Zaehle |first16=S. |last17=Zickfeld |first17=K. |year=2021 |title=IPCC Sixth Assessment Report: Working Group 1 |chapter=Global Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles and Feedbacks |chapter-url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter_05.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|746}}

===Àkókò Ìgbésí Ayé nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ (Atmospheric Lifetime) ===
[[Fáìlì:Arora 2018 methane lifetime.png|thumb|upright=1.35|Àfojúsùn àkókò ìgbésí ayé methane nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ilé-iṣẹ́ (agbègbè tí a fi ojiji hàn); àwọn ìyípadà nínú àkókò ìgbésí ayé methane láti ọdún 1850 gẹ́gẹ́ bí àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ kan ṣe fi hàn (ìlà aláwọ̀ búlúù), àti àwòrán tí a ti mú kí ó bá ara rẹ̀ mu (ìlà aláwọ̀ pupa).&lt;ref name=&quot;Arora2018&quot; /&gt;]]

Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì pàtàkì dà pọ̀ dáadáa nínú afẹ́fẹ́, wọ́n sì máa ń gba ọ̀pọ̀ ọdún kí wọ́n tó kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;betts&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Betts |url=http://www.grida.no/publications/other/ipcc%5Ftar/?src=/climate/ipcc_tar/wg1/218.htm |title=Chapter 6 Radiative Forcing of Climate Change |publisher=UNEP/GRID-Arendal – Publications |year=2001 |series=Working Group I: The Scientific Basis IPCC Third Assessment Report – Climate Change 2001 |contribution=6.3 Well-mixed Greenhouse Gases |access-date=2010-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629043240/http://www.grida.no/publications/other/ipcc_tar/?src=%2Fclimate%2Fipcc_tar%2Fwg1%2F218.htm |archive-date=29 June 2011 |archivedate=2011-06-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629043240/http://www.grida.no/publications/other/ipcc_tar/?src=%2Fclimate%2Fipcc_tar%2Fwg1%2F218.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àkókò ìgbésí ayé gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ túmọ̀ sí àkókò tí ó nílò láti mú ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì padà bọ̀ lẹ́yìn ìlọsíwájú tàbí ìdínkù àìròtẹ́lẹ̀ nínú ìwọ̀n rẹ̀ nínú afẹ́fẹ́. Àwọn atomu tàbí molikula kọ̀ọ̀kan lè pàdánù tàbí kí wọ́n lọ sí àwọn sinks bíi ilẹ̀, àwọn òkun àti àwọn omi mìíràn, tàbí ewéko àti àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè mìíràn, èyí tí ó máa ń dín ìwọ̀n tó pọ̀ ju àdánidá lọ padà sí ìwọ̀n àbẹ́lẹ̀ (background concentrations). Àpapọ̀ àkókò tí ó máa ń gba láti ṣe èyí ni a ń pè ní mean lifetime. A lè fi hàn nípasẹ̀ fọ́ọ̀mùlà tó tẹ̀lé e, níbi tí àkókò ìgbésí ayé &lt;math&gt;\tau&lt;/math&gt; ti irú ẹ̀yà afẹ́fẹ́ X nínú àwòṣe one-box jẹ́ àpapọ̀ àkókò tí molikula X kan máa ń dúró nínú box náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;JacobDJ1999&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Jacob |first=Daniel |url=http://www-as.harvard.edu/people/faculty/djj/book/ |title=Introduction to atmospheric chemistry |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-691-00185-2 |pages=25–26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902182732/http://www-as.harvard.edu/people/faculty/djj/book/ |archive-date=2 September 2011 |access-date=26 June 2026 |archivedate=2 September 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902182732/http://www-as.harvard.edu/people/faculty/djj/book/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;math&gt;\tau&lt;/math&gt; tún lè jẹ́ àlàyé gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìpín láàárín ìwọ̀n (mass) &lt;math&gt;m&lt;/math&gt; (ní kg) ti X nínú box náà àti oṣuwọn ìyọkúrò rẹ̀ (removal rate), èyí tí ó jẹ́ àpapọ̀ ìṣàn X tó ń jáde kúrò nínú box náà (&lt;math&gt;F_\text{out}&lt;/math&gt;), ìparun kemika ti X (&lt;math&gt;L&lt;/math&gt;), àti ìfipamọ́ X (&lt;math&gt;D&lt;/math&gt;) (gbogbo wọn ní kg/s)
:&lt;math&gt;\tau = \frac{m}{F_\text{out}+L+D}&lt;/math&gt;.&lt;ref name=&quot;JacobDJ1999&quot; /&gt;
Tí ìwọlé gáàsì yìí sínú box náà bá dáwọ́ dúró, lẹ́yìn àkókò &lt;math&gt;\tau&lt;/math&gt; ìwọ̀n rẹ̀ yóò ti dín kù ní nǹkan bí 63%.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Eshelman |first=Anna |title=Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming |url=https://jlmwh.com/v15/Upload/file/20257201550589930.pdf |access-date=20 October 2025 |website=NOAA Climate Program Office }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìyípadà nínú èyíkéyìí àwọn nǹkan wọ̀nyí lè yí àkókò ìgbésí ayé gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ padà. Fún àpẹẹrẹ, a fojú díwọ̀n pé àkókò ìgbésí ayé methane nínú afẹ́fẹ́ kéré sí i ní ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún ju bí ó ṣe rí ní báyìí lọ, ṣùgbọ́n ó ga sí i ní ìdajì kejì ọ̀rúndún ogún ju bí ó ṣe rí lẹ́yìn ọdún 2000 lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Arora2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Arora |first1=Vivek K. |last2=Melton |first2=Joe R. |last3=Plummer |first3=David |date=1 August 2018 |title=An assessment of natural methane fluxes simulated by the CLASS-CTEM model |journal=Biogeosciences |volume=15 |issue=15 |pages=4683–4709 |doi=10.5194/bg-15-4683-2018 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2018BGeo...15.4683A |s2cid=55585998 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Carbon dioxide ní àkókò ìgbésí ayé tó túbọ̀ yàtọ̀ sí i, tí a kò sì lè sọ ọ́ di nọ́ńbà kan ṣoṣo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=15 March 2005 |title=How long will global warming last? |url=http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2005/03/how-long-will-global-warming-last |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304213944/http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2005/03/how-long-will-global-warming-last/ |archive-date=4 March 2021 |access-date=2012-06-12 |publisher=RealClimate}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;TableOfWarmingPotentials5&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AR6_WGI_AnnexVII&quot; /&gt;{{rp|2237}} Dípò bẹ́ẹ̀, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì sọ pé, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé 10% àkọ́kọ́ nínú airborne fraction ti carbon dioxide (láìka nǹkan bí 50% tí ilẹ̀ àti àwọn sink inú òkun gba nínú ọdún àkọ́kọ́ ìtújáde náà) máa ń yọ kúrò “ní kíákíá”, ọ̀pọ̀ jù lọ nínú airborne fraction náà – ìyẹn 80% – máa ń wà fún “ọgọ́rùn-ún ọdún sí ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún”. 10% tó kù sì máa ń dúró fún ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún mẹ́wàá ọdún. Nínú àwọn àwòṣe kan, ìpín tó pẹ́ jù lọ yìí lè tó 30%.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=17 January 2023 |title=How long will global warming last? |url=https://climate.mit.edu/ask-mit/how-do-we-know-how-long-carbon-dioxide-remains-atmosphere |publisher=[[MIT]] Climate Portal |access-date=26 June 2026 |archive-date=31 March 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260331144225/https://climate.mit.edu/ask-mit/how-do-we-know-how-long-carbon-dioxide-remains-atmosphere |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Atkinson |first=Kate |date=19 July 2023 |title=How long will global warming last? |url=https://www.aap.com.au/factcheck/carbon-atmospheric-residence-claim-is-full-of-gas/ |publisher=[[Australian Associated Press]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:CO2 exponential decay comparison.png|thumb|Ìfíwéra bí CO₂ ṣe ń dúró nínú afẹ́fẹ́ pẹ̀lú ìṣe exponential decay tí ó ní half-life kan náà.]]

=== Ní Àwọn Àkókò Jíjìn ti Ìtàn Ilẹ̀ Ayé (During Geologic Time Scales) ===
[[Fáìlì:Phanerozoic Carbon Dioxide.png|thumb|Ìwọ̀n CO₂ láàárín ọdún mílíọ̀nù 500 sẹ́yìn.]]
[[Fáìlì:CO2 40k.png|thumb|Ìwọ̀n CO₂ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ láàárín ọdún 40,000 sẹ́yìn, láti ìgbà Last Glacial Maximum títí di òní. Oṣùwọ̀n ìlọsíwájú tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ ga ju ti ìgbàkígbà lọ ní gbogbo àkókò ìparí àkókò yìnyín (deglaciation) tó ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ kọjá.]]

Àwọn ìṣírò tí a ṣe ní ọdún 2023 fi hàn pé ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́ lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ lè jẹ́ èyí tó ga jù lọ láàárín ọdún mílíọ̀nù mẹ́rìnlá (14 million years) sẹ́yìn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Ahmed-2023&quot; /&gt; Ṣùgbọ́n Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà ti IPCC (IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) fojú díwọ̀n pé irú ìwọ̀n bẹ́ẹ̀ ti wà tẹ́lẹ̀ ní nǹkan bí ọdún mílíọ̀nù 3 sí 3.3 sẹ́yìn, ní àkókò ìgbóná Mid-Pliocene (mid-Pliocene warm period). Àkókò yìí lè jẹ́ àpẹẹrẹ (proxy) fún àwọn àbájáde ojú-ọjọ́ tó ṣeé ṣe pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n CO₂ tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́.&lt;ref&gt;Gulev, S.K., P.W. Thorne, J. Ahn, F.J. Dentener, C.M. Domingues, S. Gerland, D. Gong, D.S. Kaufman, H.C. Nnamchi, J. Quaas, J.A. Rivera, S. Sathyendranath, S.L. Smith, B. Trewin, K. von Schuckmann, and R.S. Vose, 2021: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter02.pdf Chapter 2: Changing State of the Climate System]. In [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/ Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 287–422, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.004.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|Figure 2.34}}

A gbà pé carbon dioxide ti kó ipa pàtàkì nínú ṣíṣètò ìwọ̀n ooru Ilẹ̀ Ayé ní gbogbo ìtàn rẹ̀ tó pé ọdún bílíọ̀nù 4.54. Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbésí ayé Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì rí ẹ̀rí pé omi wà ní ipò olómi, èyí tó fi hàn pé ayé gbóná, bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a gbà pé agbára tí Oòrùn ń tú jáde nígbà yẹn jẹ́ ìdá 70% péré ti ohun tí ó jẹ́ lónìí. Ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide tó ga sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ lè ṣàlàyé faint young sun paradox yìí. Nígbà tí Ilẹ̀ Ayé ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ dá, afẹ́fẹ́ rẹ̀ lè ti ní àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì púpọ̀ sí i, àti pé ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide lè ti ga gan-an, pẹ̀lú estimated partial pressure tó lè dé 1,000 kPa (10 bar), nítorí pé kò tíì sí photosynthesis ti àwọn bakiteria láti yí gáàsì náà padà sí àwọn àkópọ̀ carbon àti oxygen. Methane, tó jẹ́ gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì tó lágbára gan-an, lè ti pọ̀ sí i nínú afẹ́fẹ́ náà pẹ̀lú.&lt;ref name=&quot;Walker-1985&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last=Walker |first=James C.G. |date=June 1985 |title=Carbon dioxide on the early earth |url=http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43349/1/11084_2005_Article_BF01809466.pdf |journal=Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=117–27 |bibcode=1985OrLi...16..117W |doi=10.1007/BF01809466 |pmid=11542014 |access-date=2010-01-30 |hdl-access=free |hdl=2027.42/43349 |s2cid=206804461 |archive-date=14 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914033408/http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43349/1/11084_2005_Article_BF01809466.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author1=Pavlov, Alexander A. |author2=Kasting, James F. |author3=Brown, Lisa L. |author4=Rages, Kathy A. |author5=Freedman, Richard |date=May 2000 |title=Greenhouse warming by CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in the atmosphere of early Earth |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research |volume=105 |issue=E5 |pages=11981–90 |bibcode=2000JGR...10511981P |doi=10.1029/1999JE001134 |pmid=11543544 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìtọ́jú àti Ìbójútó (Monitoring) ==
Ìtọ́jú àti ìbójútó àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ní fífi ìwọ̀n wọn nínú afẹ́fẹ́ wò tààràtà, àti fífi àwọn ìtújáde gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì wò ní ọ̀nà tààràtà àti àìtààràtà. Àwọn ọ̀nà àìtààràtà máa ń ṣe ìṣírò ìtújáde àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì lórí ìpìlẹ̀ àwọn ìwọ̀n míì tó ní í ṣe pẹ̀lú rẹ̀, bíi yíyọ epo fósílì jáde.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀nà ló wà fún fífi wọn ìwọ̀n carbon dioxide nínú afẹ́fẹ́, pẹ̀lú infrared analyzing àti manometry.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Harris |first=Daniel C. |date=2010 |title=Charles David Keeling and the Story of Atmospheric CO2 Measurements |journal=Analytical Chemistry |language=en |volume=82 |issue=19 |pages=7865–7870 |doi=10.1021/ac1001492 |issn=0003-2700 |pmid=20536268|bibcode=2010AnaCh..82.7865H }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n máa ń fi àwọn irinṣẹ́ míì, bíi range-resolved infrared differential absorption lidar (DIAL), wọn ìwọ̀n methane àti nitrous oxide.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Innocenti |first1=Fabrizio |last2=Robinson |first2=Rod |last3=Gardiner |first3=Tom |last4=Finlayson |first4=Andrew |last5=Connor |first5=Andy |date=2017 |title=Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) Measurements of Landfill Methane Emissions |journal=Remote Sensing |language=en |volume=9 |issue=9 |page=953 |bibcode=2017RemS....9..953I |doi=10.3390/rs9090953 |doi-access=free|s2cid=6964229 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n tún máa ń wọn àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì láti ojú òfurufú, bíi pẹ̀lú Orbiting Carbon Observatory, àti nípasẹ̀ àwọn nẹ́tíwọ́ọ̀kì àwọn ibùdó ìwòye lórí ilẹ̀, bíi Integrated Carbon Observation System.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI) ni àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì afẹ́fẹ́ ní NOAA ṣe àlàyé gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìpín àpapọ̀ direct radiative forcing tí àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì tó pẹ́ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tí wọ́n sì dà pọ̀ dáadáa ń fa fún ọdún kankan tí ìwọ̀n àgbáyé tó péye wà, sí èyí tó wà ní ọdún 1990.&lt;ref name=&quot;butmon&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |author=Butler J. and Montzka S. |year=2020 |title=The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI) |url=https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/aggi/aggi.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922035917/https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/aggi/aggi.html |archive-date=22 September 2013 |access-date=5 September 2020 |publisher=[[NOAA]] Global Monitoring Laboratory/Earth System Research Laboratories}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=LuAnn Dahlman |date=14 August 2020 |title=Climate change: annual greenhouse gas index |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-annual-greenhouse-gas-index |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130816013542/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-annual-greenhouse-gas-index |archive-date=16 August 2013 |access-date=5 September 2020 |publisher=NOAA Climate.gov science news &amp; Information for a climate smart nation}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìwọ̀n radiative forcing wọ̀nyí jẹ́ ní ìfíwéra pẹ̀lú àwọn tí ó wà ní ọdún 1750 (ìyẹn ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àkókò Ìyípadà Ilé-iṣẹ́). A yan ọdún 1990 nítorí pé ó jẹ́ ọdún ìpìlẹ̀ fún Kyoto Protocol, ó sì tún jẹ́ ọdún tí a tẹ Ìròyìn Àkọ́kọ́ ti IPCC lórí Sáyẹ́ǹsì Ìyípadà Ojú-ọjọ́ jáde. Nítorí náà, NOAA sọ pé AGGI “ń wọn ìlérí tí àwùjọ (àgbáyé) ti ṣe tẹ́lẹ̀ láti gbé nínú ojú-ọjọ́ tó ń yí padà. Ó dá lórí àwọn ìwọ̀n afẹ́fẹ́ tó dára jù lọ láti inú àwọn ibùdó ìwòye káàkiri ayé. Àìdánilójú rẹ̀ kéré gan-an.”&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The NOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI) – An Introduction |url=https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/aggi/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127013113/https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/aggi/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2020 |publisher=[[NOAA]] Global Monitoring Laboratory/Earth System Research Laboratories}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Nẹ́tíwọ́ọ̀kì Dátà (Data Networks) ===
Ọ̀pọ̀ nẹ́tíwọ́ọ̀kì ìwọ̀n lórí ilẹ̀ (surface measurement) ló wà (tó ní ìwọ̀n pẹ̀lú flasks àti ìwọ̀n continuous in situ), pẹ̀lú NOAA/ERSL,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/index.html |title=NOAA CCGG page Retrieved 2 March 2016 |access-date=14 March 2023 |archive-date=11 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811160744/http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/index.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; WDCGG,&lt;ref&gt;[http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/wdcgg/ WDCGG webpage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406090043/http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/wdcgg/|date=6 April 2016}} Retrieved 2 March 2016&lt;/ref&gt; àti RAMCES.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.lsce.ipsl.fr/en/cycles-transferts/icos-ramces/ RAMCES webpage]&lt;/ref&gt; Dátà láti NOAA/ESRL Baseline Observatory Network àti Scripps Institution of Oceanography Network&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/co2/ |title=CDIAC CO2 page Retrieved 9 February 2016 |access-date=14 March 2023 |archive-date=13 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813142008/http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/co2/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni a gbà sí CDIAC ní ORNL. Dátà World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases (WDCGG), tó jẹ́ apá kan ti GAW, wà lábẹ́ ìtọ́jú JMA. Reseau Atmospherique de Mesure des Composes an Effet de Serre database (RAMCES) jẹ́ apá kan ti IPSL.

== Àwọn Oríṣìíríṣìí Orísun (Types of Sources) ==
=== Àwọn Orísun Àdánidá (Natural Sources) ===
Àwọn ìṣàn carbon àdánidá láàárín afẹ́fẹ́, òkun, àwọn ètò ẹ̀dá alààyè lórí ilẹ̀, àti àwọn ìdókòwò ilẹ̀ (sediments) wà ní ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì tó dára; nítorí náà, ìwọ̀n carbon yóò fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ dúró ṣinṣin bí kò bá sí ipa ènìyàn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Prentice_etal_20012&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Prentice |first=I.C. |title=Climate change 2001: the scientific basis: contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergouvernmental Panel on Climate Change |year=2001 |editor1-last=Houghton |editor1-first=J.T. |chapter=The carbon cycle and atmospheric carbon dioxide |hdl=10067/381670151162165141}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;U2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=2009 |title=An Introduction to the Global Carbon Cycle |url=http://globecarboncycle.unh.edu/CarbonCycleBackground.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161008110835/http://globecarboncycle.unh.edu/CarbonCycleBackground.pdf |archive-date=8 October 2016 |access-date=6 February 2016 |publisher=University of New Hampshire }}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n máa ń yọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní pàtàkì nípasẹ̀ photosynthesis, ó sì máa ń wọ inú biosphere ilẹ̀ àti ti òkun. Carbon dioxide tún máa ń tú taara láti afẹ́fẹ́ sínú àwọn ibi omi (bíi òkun, adágún, àti bẹ́ẹ̀ bẹ́ẹ̀ lọ), ó sì tún máa ń tú sínú ojò bí àwọn kánkán ojò ṣe ń bọ̀ láti inú afẹ́fẹ́. Nígbà tí carbon dioxide bá tú sínú omi, ó máa ń ṣe ìfèsì pẹ̀lú àwọn molikula omi, ó sì máa ń dá carbonic acid sílẹ̀. Èyí lè mú kí ojú àwọn ohun tí ó bá kan di àsídì díẹ̀ sí i, kí wọ́n sì lè gba á sínú àpáta nípasẹ̀ weathering, tàbí kí omi gbé e lọ sínú òkun, níbi tí ó ti ń kópa nínú ìmú àsídì òkun pọ̀ sí i.&lt;ref name=&quot;Planet&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |title=Many Planets, One Earth // Section 4: Carbon Cycling and Earth's Climate |url=http://www.learner.org/courses/envsci/unit/text.php?unit=1&amp;secNum=4 |url-status=live |journal=Many Planets, One Earth |volume=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120417175417/http://www.learner.org/courses/envsci/unit/text.php?unit=1&amp;secNum=4 |archive-date=17 April 2012 |access-date=2012-06-24 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Fáìlì:Anthropogenic changes in the global carbon cycle.png|thumb|Àwòrán àfihàn ìdàrúdàpọ̀ àpapọ̀ tí àwọn iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ti fa sí carbon cycle àgbáyé, gẹ́gẹ́ bí àpapọ̀ láàárín ọdún 2010 sí 2019.&lt;ref name=&quot;Friedlingstein2020&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Friedlingstein |first1=Pierre |last2=O'Sullivan |first2=Michael |last3=Jones |first3=Matthew W. |last4=Andrew |first4=Robbie M. |last5=Hauck |first5=Judith |last6=Olsen |first6=Are |last7=Peters |first7=Glen P. |last8=Peters |first8=Wouter |last9=Pongratz |first9=Julia |last10=Sitch |first10=Stephen |last11=Le Quéré |first11=Corinne |last12=Canadell |first12=Josep G. |last13=Ciais |first13=Philippe |last14=Jackson |first14=Robert B. |last15=Alin |first15=Simone |date=2020 |title=Global Carbon Budget 2020 |journal=Earth System Science Data |language=en |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=3269–3340 |doi=10.5194/essd-12-3269-2020 |bibcode=2020ESSD...12.3269F |issn=1866-3516 |doi-access=free |hdl=20.500.11850/458765 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Atmospheric carbon cycle ń ṣàlàyé bí àwọn àkópọ̀ carbon tó wà ní ipò gáàsì, ní pàtàkì carbon dioxide (CO₂), ṣe ń pàṣípààrọ̀ láàárín afẹ́fẹ́ Ilẹ̀ Ayé, àwọn òkun, àti biosphere ilẹ̀. Ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn apá carbon cycle Ilẹ̀ Ayé tí ń ṣiṣẹ́ ní kíákíá jù lọ, ó sì ń ṣèrànwọ́ fún pàṣípààrọ̀ tó ju bílíọ̀nù 200 tónù carbon (ìyẹn gigatons carbon tàbí GtC) wọlé àti jáde nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ní gbogbo ọdún.&lt;ref name=GlobalCarbonCycle/&gt; Ìwọ̀n CO₂ nínú afẹ́fẹ́ máa ń dúró ṣinṣin lórí àkókò gígùn nìkan bí ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì bá wà láàárín àwọn ìṣàn méjèèjì wọ̀nyí. Methane (CH₄), Carbon monoxide (CO), àti àwọn àkópọ̀ mìíràn tí ènìyàn ṣe wà ní ìwọ̀n kékeré sí i, wọ́n sì tún jẹ́ apá kan nínú atmospheric carbon cycle.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Riebeek|first1=Holli|title=The Carbon Cycle|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|website=Earth Observatory|publisher=NASA|access-date=5 April 2018|date=16 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010126/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/CarbonCycle/?src=eoa-features|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn Orísun Tí Ènìyàn Ṣe (Human-made Sources) ===
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Economic Sector.svg|thumb|Tí a bá ka àwọn ìtújáde tààràtà àti àìtààràtà pọ̀, ẹ̀ka ilé-iṣẹ́ ni ó ní ìpín tó ga jù lọ nínú gbogbo ìtújáde gáàsì àgbáyé. Dátà náà jẹ́ ti ọdún 2019 láti ọwọ́ IPCC.]]

Ọ̀pọ̀ jù lọ nínú ìtújáde carbon dioxide láti ọwọ́ ènìyàn wá láti inú sísun epo fósílì. Àwọn ohun míì tó tún ń kópa ni ṣíṣe símẹ́ǹtì, ìmújáde ajílẹ̀, àti àwọn ìyípadà nínú lílo ilẹ̀ bíi pípa igbó run.&lt;ref name=&quot;Canadell-2021&quot; /&gt;{{rp|687}}&lt;ref name=&quot;EPA_GHGdata&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ipcc-2018&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=AR4 SYR Synthesis Report Summary for Policymakers – 2 Causes of change |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms2.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228235005/http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/spms2.html |archive-date=28 February 2018 |access-date=9 October 2015 |work=ipcc.ch}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìtújáde methane sì máa ń wá láti iṣẹ́ ogbin, ìmújáde epo fósílì, egbin, àti àwọn orísun mìíràn.&lt;ref name=&quot;International Energy Agency-2023&quot; /&gt; Àwọn oko ìrẹsì tó kún fún omi (rice paddies) jẹ́ orísun pàtàkì ti ìtújáde gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì nínú iṣẹ́ ogbin, tí wọ́n ń kópa ní ìdá 22% nínú gbogbo ìtújáde methane láti iṣẹ́ ogbin àti ìdá 11% nínú ìtújáde nitrous oxide.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Qian |first1=Haoyu |last2=Zhu |first2=Xiangchen |last3=Huang |first3=Shan |last4=Linquist |first4=Bruce |last5=Kuzyakov |first5=Yakov |last6=Wassmann |first6=Reiner |last7=Minamikawa |first7=Kazunori |last8=Martinez-Eixarch |first8=Maite |last9=Yan |first9=Xiaoyuan |last10=Zhou |first10=Feng |last11=Sander |first11=Bjoern Ole |last12=Zhang |first12=Weijian |last13=Shang |first13=Ziyin |last14=Zou |first14=Jianwen |last15=Zheng |first15=Xunhua |date=October 2023 |title=Greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation in rice agriculture |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-023-00482-1 |journal=Nature Reviews Earth &amp; Environment |language=en |volume=4 |issue=10 |pages=716–732 |doi=10.1038/s43017-023-00482-1 |bibcode=2023NRvEE...4..716Q |issn=2662-138X|hdl=10871/134718 |hdl-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tí ìwọ̀n ìtújáde tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ bá ń bá a lọ, ìgbóná ayé yóò ju 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) lọ ní àkókò kan láàárín ọdún 2040 sí 2070, èyí tí Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé sọ pé ó jẹ́ “ẹ̀wu”.&lt;ref name=&quot;Carbon Brief-2020&quot; /&gt;

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ní àwọn orísun àdánidá àti àwọn orísun tí ènìyàn fa. Àmọ́, àfi àwọn synthetic halocarbons tí ènìyàn nìkan ló ṣe, tí kò ní orísun àdánidá rárá. Ní àkókò Holocene ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ilé-iṣẹ́, ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì tó ti wà tẹ́lẹ̀ fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ dúró ṣinṣin, nítorí pé àwọn orísun àdánidá ńlá àti àwọn sinks ńlá wà ní ìwọ̀ntúnwọ̀nsì. Ní àkókò Ìyípadà Ilé-iṣẹ́, àwọn iṣẹ́ ènìyàn ti fi àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì kún afẹ́fẹ́, ní pàtàkì nípasẹ̀ sísun epo fósílì àti pípa igbó run.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |year=2000 |title=Chapter 3, IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios, 2000 |url=https://ipcc.ch/pdf/special-reports/spm/sres-en.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820085208/http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/special-reports/spm/sres-en.pdf |archive-date=20 August 2018 |access-date=2010-10-16 |publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Le Treut-2007&quot; /&gt;{{rp|115}}

Àwọn orísun anthropogenic (tí ènìyàn fa) pàtàkì jù lọ fún àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì ni carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O), methane, àti ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́ta àwọn gáàsì fluorinated (sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), àti nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃)).&lt;ref&gt;Dhakal, S., J.C. Minx, F.L. Toth, A. Abdel-Aziz, M.J. Figueroa Meza, K. Hubacek, I.G.C. Jonckheere, Yong-Gun Kim, G.F. Nemet, S. Pachauri, X.C. Tan, T. Wiedmann, 2022: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGIII_Chapter02.pdf Chapter 2: Emissions Trends and Drivers]. In IPCC, 2022: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/ Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [P.R. Shukla, J. Skea, R. Slade, A. Al Khourdajie, R. van Diemen, D. McCollum, M. Pathak, S. Some, P. Vyas, R. Fradera, M. Belkacemi, A. Hasija, G. Lisboa, S. Luz, J. Malley, (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA. doi: 10.1017/9781009157926.004&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ipa ilé-gíláàsì gbára lé ìrì omi (water vapor) gan-an,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2023-06-30 |title=Water Vapor |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/global-maps/MYDAL2_M_SKY_WV |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ìtújáde ìrì omi láti ọwọ́ ènìyàn kì í ṣe olùkópa pàtàkì sí ìgbóná ayé.

== Dídín Àwọn Gáàsì Ilé-gíláàsì Tí Ènìyàn Fa Kù ==
=== Ìdínkù Ìtújáde Tó Yẹ Kí A Ṣe ===
[[Fáìlì:Greenhouse gas emission scenarios 01.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|Àwọn àwòkọ́ṣe ìtújáde gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì àgbáyé, tó dá lórí àwọn ìlànà àti àwọn ìlérí bí wọ́n ṣe wà ní ọjọ́ 11/21.]]
Ìròyìn Emissions Gap Report ọdọọdún ti UNEP sọ ní ọdún 2022 pé ó ṣe pàtàkì kí a fẹ́rẹ̀ẹ́ dín ìtújáde gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì kù sí ìdajì. “Láti wà lójú ọ̀nà tó máa jẹ́ kí ìgbóná ayé dúró ní 1.5°C, a gbọ́dọ̀ dín ìtújáde GHG àgbáyé ọdọọdún kù ní ìdá 45 ní fífi wé àwọn àsọtẹ́lẹ̀ ìtújáde tó dá lórí àwọn ìlànà tó wà ní ìmúṣẹ́ lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, láàárín ọdún mẹ́jọ péré, wọ́n sì gbọ́dọ̀ máa bá a lọ ní dídín kù ní kíákíá lẹ́yìn ọdún 2030, kí a lè yẹra fún lílo gbogbo àkójọpọ̀ carbon tó kù nínú afẹ́fẹ́.”&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP-2022&quot;&gt;United Nations Environment Programme (2022). [https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2022 Emissions Gap Report 2022: The Closing Window — Climate crisis calls for rapid transformation of societies]. Nairobi.&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|xvi}}  Ìròyìn náà tún sọ pé ayé gbọ́dọ̀ dojú kọ àwọn ìyípadà tó gbòòrò tó sì kan gbogbo ètò ọrọ̀ ajé, kì í ṣe àwọn ìyípadà kéékèèké díẹ̀díẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;UNEP-2022&quot; /&gt;{{rp|xvi}}

Ní ọdún 2022, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) tú Ìròyìn Ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Kẹfà (Sixth Assessment Report) rẹ̀ lórí ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ jáde. Ó kìlọ̀ pé ìtújáde gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì gbọ́dọ̀ dé ibi gíga jù lọ ní ọdún 2025 tàbí kí ó tó pé bẹ́ẹ̀, kí ó sì dín kù ní ìdá 43% ní ọdún 2030, kí ayé lè ní àǹfààní tó dára láti fi di ìgbóná ayé mọ́ ní 1.5 °C (2.7 °F).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=4 April 2022 |title=It's over for fossil fuels: IPCC spells out what's needed to avert climate disaster |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/apr/04/its-over-for-fossil-fuels-ipcc-spells-out-whats-needed-to-avert-climate-disaster |access-date=4 April 2022 |website=The Guardian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=4 April 2022 |title=The evidence is clear: the time for action is now. We can halve emissions by 2030. |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/2022/04/04/ipcc-ar6-wgiii-pressrelease/ |access-date=4 April 2022 |website=IPCC}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tàbí gẹ́gẹ́ bí Akọ̀wé Gbogbogbò ti Àjọ Ìṣọ̀kan Àgbáyé, António Guterres, ṣe sọ: “Àwọn tó ń tú gáàsì jáde jù lọ gbọ́dọ̀ bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dín ìtújáde wọn kù ní ìwọ̀n tó lágbára láti ọdún yìí.”&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ambitious Action Key to Resolving Triple Planetary Crisis of Climate Disruption, Nature Loss, Pollution, Secretary-General Says in Message for International Mother Earth Day |url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2022/sgsm21243.doc.htm |access-date=10 June 2022 |website=Meetings Coverage and Press Releases}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkéde àpapọ̀ tí German Physical Society àti German Meteorological Society tẹ̀ jáde ní oṣù Kẹsán ọdún 2025, bí àwọn ìṣe tó wà lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ bá ń bá a lọ, ìwọ̀n ooru ayé lè pọ̀ sí i dé 3°C lókè ìpele ṣáájú Ìyípadà Ilé-iṣẹ́ ní ọdún 2050, àti dé 5°C ní ọdún 2100. Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì náà tẹnumọ́ pé ó ṣe pàtàkì gan-an láti fi àwọn ojútùú tó ti wà tẹ́lẹ̀ sí ìmúṣẹ́ ní kíákíá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Suzuki |first1=David |last2=Hanington |first2=Ian |title=German scientists issue stark climate warning |url=https://davidsuzuki.org/story/german-scientists-issue-stark-climate-warning/ |website=David Suziki Foundation |access-date=27 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Scientists: 3°C by 2050, 5°C by 2100 |url=https://www.responsiblealpha.com/post/scientists-3-c-by-2050-5-c-by-2100 |website=Responsible Alpha |date=29 September 2025 |access-date=27 April 2026 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Yíyọ Kúrò nínú Afẹ́fẹ́ Nípasẹ̀ Ìtújáde Odi (Negative Emissions) ===
Ọ̀pọ̀ imọ̀-ẹ̀rọ ló wà tí wọ́n ń yọ àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́. Àwọn tí a ti ṣe àyẹ̀wò jù lọ ni àwọn tó ń yọ carbon dioxide kúrò nínú afẹ́fẹ́, yálà sí àwọn àpáta inú ilẹ̀ bíi bio-energy with carbon capture and storage àti carbon dioxide air capture,&lt;ref name=&quot;RoyalSociety&quot;&gt;{{cite web |year=2009 |title=Geoengineering the climate: science, governance and uncertainty |url=http://royalsociety.org/displaypagedoc.asp?id=35151 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090907031520/http://royalsociety.org/displaypagedoc.asp?id=35151 |archive-date=7 September 2009 |access-date=12 September 2009 |work=The Royal Society}}&lt;/ref&gt; tàbí sí inú ilẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ó ti rí pẹ̀lú biochar.&lt;ref name=&quot;RoyalSociety&quot; /&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn àwòṣe ojú-ọjọ́ fún àkókò pípẹ́ nílò ìtújáde odi (negative emissions) tí ènìyàn ṣe ní ìwọ̀n ńlá kí a lè yẹra fún ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́ tó le gan-an.&lt;ref&gt;Fisher, B.S., N. Nakicenovic, K. Alfsen, J. Corfee Morlot, F. de la Chesnaye, J.-Ch. Hourcade, K. Jiang, M. Kainuma, E. La Rovere, A. Matysek, A. Rana, K. Riahi, R. Richels, S. Rose, D. van Vuuren, R. Warren, 2007: [https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ar4-wg3-chapter3-1.pdf Chapter 3: Issues related to mitigation in the long term context], In [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar4/wg3/ Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change] [B. Metz, O.R. Davidson, P.R. Bosch, R. Dave, L.A. Meyer (eds)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,&lt;/ref&gt;

Wọ́n tún ń ṣe ìwádìí lórí àwọn ọ̀nà ìtújáde odi (negative emissions) fún methane tó wà nínú afẹ́fẹ́, èyí tí a ń pè ní atmospheric methane removal.removal]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Jackson |first1=Robert B. |last2=Abernethy |first2=Sam |last3=Canadell |first3=Josep G. |last4=Cargnello |first4=Matteo |last5=Davis |first5=Steven J. |last6=Féron |first6=Sarah |last7=Fuss |first7=Sabine |last8=Heyer |first8=Alexander J. |last9=Hong |first9=Chaopeng |last10=Jones |first10=Chris D. |last11=Damon Matthews |first11=H. |last12=O'Connor |first12=Fiona M. |last13=Pisciotta |first13=Maxwell |last14=Rhoda |first14=Hannah M. |last15=de Richter |first15=Renaud |date=2021-11-15 |title=Atmospheric methane removal: a research agenda |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |language=en |volume=379 |issue=2210 |article-number=20200454 |bibcode=2021RSPTA.37900454J |doi=10.1098/rsta.2020.0454 |issn=1364-503X |pmc=8473948 |pmid=34565221}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìtàn Ìṣàwárí (History of Discovery) ==
[[Fáìlì:19120814 Coal Consumption Affecting Climate - Rodney and Otamatea Times.jpg|thumb|Àpilẹ̀kọ ọdún 1912 yìí ṣàlàyé ní ṣókí bí sísun èédú ṣe ń mú kí carbon dioxide pọ̀ sí i, tí ó sì ń fa ìyípadà ojú-ọjọ́.&lt;ref name=&quot;Otamatea_Times&quot;&gt;{{cite news |date=14 August 1912 |title=Coal Consumption Affecting Climate |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/ROTWKG19120814.2.56.5 |work=Rodney and Otamatea Times, Waitemata and Kaipara Gazette |location=Warkworth, New Zealand |page=7}} Text was earlier [[:File:191203 Furnaces of the world - Popular Mechanics - Global warming.jpg|published in ''Popular Mechanics'']], March 1912, p. 341.&lt;/ref&gt;]]
Ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún, àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì ṣàwárí nípasẹ̀ ìdánwò pé N₂ àti O₂ kò gba ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi (infrared radiation) (tí wọ́n ń pè ní “dark radiation” ní àkókò yẹn), nígbà tí omi (yálà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìrì omi gidi tàbí ní irú àwọn kánkán omi kéékèèké tí ń fò nínú àwọn ìkùukùu) àti CO₂ pẹ̀lú àwọn molikula gáàsì mìíràn tó ní ọ̀pọ̀ atomu (poly-atomic gaseous molecules) ń gba ìtọ́jú infurarẹẹdi.&lt;ref name=&quot;CarbonicAcid&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Arrhenius |first1=Svante |date=1896 |title=On the influence of carbonic acid in the air upon the temperature of the ground |url=http://www.rsc.org/images/Arrhenius1896_tcm18-173546.pdf |url-status=live |journal=The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science |volume=41 |issue=251 |pages=237–276 |doi=10.1080/14786449608620846 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118065555/https://www.rsc.org/images/Arrhenius1896_tcm18-173546.pdf |archive-date=18 November 2020 |access-date=1 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Arrhenius |first1=Svante |year=1897 |title=On the Influence of Carbonic Acid in the Air Upon the Temperature of the Ground |journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific |volume=9 |issue=54 |page=14 |bibcode=1897PASP....9...14A |doi=10.1086/121158 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún ogún, àwọn olùṣèwádìí mọ̀ pé àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ń mú kí ìwọ̀n ooru Ilẹ̀ Ayé ga ju bí ó ṣe máa rí láìsí wọn lọ. Nils Gustaf Ekholm ni ó kọ́kọ́ lo ọ̀rọ̀ greenhouse fún ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ yìí ní ọdún 1901.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Easterbrook |first1=Steve |date=18 August 2015 |title=Who first coined the term &quot;Greenhouse Effect&quot;? |url=http://www.easterbrook.ca/steve/2015/08/who-first-coined-the-term-greenhouse-effect/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151113131713/http://www.easterbrook.ca/steve/2015/08/who-first-coined-the-term-greenhouse-effect/ |archive-date=13 November 2015 |access-date=11 November 2015 |website=Serendipity}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author=Ekholm N |year=1901 |title=On The Variations Of The Climate Of The Geological And Historical Past And Their Causes |journal=Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |volume=27 |pages=1–62 |bibcode=1901QJRMS..27....1E |doi=10.1002/qj.49702711702 |number=117}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún ogún, ìfọ̀kànbalẹ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì (scientific consensus) bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í dá sílẹ̀ pé ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ ń fa ìgbóná ayé tó pọ̀ sí i gan-an, ó sì tún ń fa àwọn ìyípadà sí àwọn apá mìíràn nínú ètò ojú-ọjọ́,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Cook |first1=J. |last2=Nuccitelli |first2=D. |last3=Green |first3=S.A. |last4=Richardson |first4=M. |last5=Winkler |first5=B.R. |last6=Painting |first6=R. |last7=Way |first7=R. |last8=Jacobs |first8=P. |last9=Skuce |first9=A. |year=2013 |title=Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature |journal=Environmental Research Letters |volume=8 |issue=2 |article-number=024024 |bibcode=2013ERL.....8b4024C |doi=10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024024 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú àwọn àbájáde fún àyíká àti fún ìlera ènìyàn.

== Àwọn Pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì Míì (Other Planets) ==
Àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì wà nínú ọ̀pọ̀ afẹ́fẹ́ àwọn pílánẹ́ẹ̀tì, wọ́n sì ń fa ipa ilé-gíláàsì lórí Mars, Titan, àti ní pàtàkì nínú afẹ́fẹ́ tó nipọn gan-an ti Venus.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Eddie Schwieterman |title=Comparing the Greenhouse Effect on Earth, Mars, Venus, and Titan: Present Day and through Time |url=http://www.astro.washington.edu/users/eschwiet/essays/greenhouse_ASTR555.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130202450/http://www.astro.washington.edu/users/eschwiet/essays/greenhouse_ASTR555.pdf |archive-date=30 January 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé a ti ṣàpèjúwe Venus gẹ́gẹ́ bí àbájáde tó ga jù lọ ti runaway greenhouse effect, irú ìlànà bẹ́ẹ̀ kò ní láǹfààní púpọ̀ láti ṣẹlẹ̀ lórí Ilẹ̀ Ayé nítorí ìlọsíwájú nínú ìwọ̀n àwọn gáàsì ilé-gíláàsì tí ènìyàn fa,&lt;ref name=&quot;IPCC2009&quot;&gt;{{cite report |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/inf3-6.pdf |title=Scoping of the IPCC 5th Assessment Report Cross Cutting Issues |work=Thirty-first Session of the IPCC Bali, 26–29 October 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091109215503/http://www.ipcc.ch/meetings/session31/inf3.pdf |archive-date=9 November 2009 |access-date=24 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; nítorí pé ìmọ́lẹ̀ Oòrùn kò tíì lágbára tó, ó sì ṣeé ṣe kí ó ní láti pọ̀ sí i ní nǹkan bí ọ̀pọ̀ ìdá mẹ́wàá (some tens of percents), èyí tí yóò gba nǹkan bí ọdún bílíọ̀nù díẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hansen et al 2013&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Hansen |first1=James |first2=Makiko |last2=Sato |first3=Gary |last3=Russell |first4=Pushker |last4=Kharecha |date=2013 |title=Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide |journal= Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences |volume=371 |issue=2001 |at=20120294 |bibcode=2013RSPTA.37120294H |doi=10.1098/rsta.2012.0294 |pmid=24043864 |pmc=3785813|arxiv=1211.4846 }}&lt;/ref&gt;


== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6jieb30tngwgxbw1j0sf7vjrdwjoxrg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Echendu Adiele</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80893</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637740</id>
      <parentid>625605</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T05:42:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637740</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2100" sha1="r8z19x2czkbwnnpi7e3zoupzgterp1k" xml:space="preserve">

 {{Infobox football biography|name=Echendu Adiele|image=|caption=|fullname=|birth_date={{birth date|1978|11|17|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Port Harcourt]], Nigeria|death_date={{death date and age|2011|6|18|1978|11|17|df=y}}|death_place=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|height=|position=[[Defender (association football)|Central defender]]|years1=1995–1997|clubs1=[[Sharks F.C.|Sharks]]|caps1=|goals1=|years2=1997–1998|clubs2=[[Fortuna Düsseldorf]]|caps2=1|goals2=0|years3=1998–1999|clubs3=[[Borussia Neunkirchen]]|caps3=15|goals3=4|years4=1999–2006|clubs4=[[1. FC Saarbrücken]]|caps4=149|goals4=2|years5=2006–2007|clubs5=[[SV Darmstadt 98]]|caps5=28|goals5=1|years6=2007–2009|clubs6=[[SV Waldhof Mannheim]]|caps6=31|goals6=0|years7=2009–2010|clubs7=[[SV Darmstadt 98]]|caps7=33|goals7=0|totalcaps=257|totalgoals=7}}

'''Echendu Adiele''' fetisiⓘ (Ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlógún oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 1978 – ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún Okudu kẹfà ọdún 2011) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbèjà àárín.

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Adiele ṣe bọọlu afẹsẹgba ni Nàìjíríà fun Sharks, ati ni Jẹ́mánì fun Fortuna Düsseldorf, Borussia Neunkirchen, 1. FC Saarbrücken, SV Darmstadt 98 ati SV Waldhof Mannheim.  

== Ikú ==
Adiele kú ní ojú oorun rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kejìdínlógún oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2011.  Ó dàbí pé wọ́n ti fi oògùn pa á. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.sport1.de/de/fussball/newspage_420973.html|title=Giftanschlag auf Ex-Profi|publisher=sport1.de|date=21 June 2011|accessdate=1 September 2013|last=De|first=Sport1|archivedate=6 December 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161206071511/http://www.sport1.de/de/fussball/newspage_420973.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}

== Àwọn ìjápọ̀ òde ==

* Echendu Adiele at fussballdaten.de (in German)
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́aláìsí ní 2011]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1978]]</text>
      <sha1>r8z19x2czkbwnnpi7e3zoupzgterp1k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Anthony Nwaigwe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80912</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637715</id>
      <parentid>625697</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:35:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637715</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2541" sha1="c01tzb457s90kmucl7c19xggiy4fs10" xml:space="preserve">
'''Anthony Nwaigwe''' fetisi ⓘ (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 1973) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù agbábọ́ọ̀lù alágbábọ́ọ̀lù tẹ́lẹ̀ rí tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù alágbábọ́ọ̀lù. Ó jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ẹgbẹ́ Iwuanyanwu Nationale tí ọkọ̀ òfurufú wọn, Oriental Airline BAC I-U jábọ́ ní ọdún 1994, nígbà tí ó ń gbé wọn padà sílé lẹ́yìn ìforígbárí Champions Cup ní Tunis. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Liadi|first1=Tunde|title=Untold story of Iwuanyanwu Nationale 1994 Plane Crash|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/untold-story-of-iwuanyanwu-nationale-1994-plane-crash/|place=Lagos, Nigeria|accessdate=26 November 2025|date=30 October 2020|journal=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Nwaigwe dara pọ̀ mọ́ ACB Lagos ní ọdún 1989, ó sì kó lọ sí Iwuanyanwu Nationale ní ọdún 1990 kí ó tó dara pọ̀ mọ́ Enugu Rangers ní ọdún 1995. Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ bọ́ọ̀lù àgbáyé rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Africa Sports National ní ọdún 1996, láti ibẹ̀ ni ó ti kó lọ sí Al-Ahli Dubai ní ọdún 1998. Ó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún K.F.C. Denderleeuw Eendracht Hekelgem ní Belgium, tí a tún mọ̀ sí &quot;Dender&quot; tàbí &quot;Verbroedering Dender&quot;, láàárín ọdún 2001 sí 2002. Ó gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà lábẹ́ olùkọ́ni Clemens Westerhof, ó sì ṣe àwọn ìfarahàn méjìlá (12). Ó tún gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ìdíje FIFA World Cup ní ọdún 1994 fún Super Eagles. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=93392/index.html|archivedate=6 January 2026|title=FIFA.com - FIFA Player Statistics: Nwaigwe ANTHONY|publisher=FIFA|date=1994–2011|accessdate=9 December 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260106165115/https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/statisticsandrecords/players/player=93392/index.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọlá ==
'''Enugu Rangers'''

* Ife WAFU: 1996

'''Ìwúanyanwu Nationale'''

* [[Nigeria Premier Football League|Ajumọṣe Premier ti Naijiria]] : 1993

'''Ẹnìkọ̀ọ̀kan'''

* Olùgbá bọ́ọ̀lù tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ [[Nigeria Premier Football League|ní ìdíje Premier League ti Nàìjíríà]] : 1991, 1993, 1995

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1973]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]</text>
      <sha1>c01tzb457s90kmucl7c19xggiy4fs10</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Elohor Godswill</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>81674</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637743</id>
      <parentid>629414</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T05:57:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637743</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7145" sha1="ngmqksu8wwdxwtl9ywk76yqv99a0kxl" xml:space="preserve">
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt; {{Infobox football biography|name=Godswill Ekpolo|image=2012 2013 - Godswill Ekpolo - Flickr - Castroquini-FCB.jpg|caption=Godswill Ekpolo in 2012|fullname=Elohor Godswill Ekpolo &lt;ref name=&quot;Retained List 2016-17&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Retained List 2016-17|url=https://www.efl.com/siteassets/efl-documents/efl-released-and-retained-list---2016-17.pdf|publisher=English Football League|accessdate=13 June 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1995|05|14|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Benin City]], [[Nigeria]]|height={{convert|1.81|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}|position=[[Defender (association football)|Defender]]|currentclub=[[AEK Larnaca]]|clubnumber=22|youthyears1=2005–2014|youthclubs1=[[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]]|years1=2014–2016|clubs1=[[FC Barcelona B|Barcelona B]]|caps1=28|goals1=0|years2=2016–2018|clubs2=[[Fleetwood Town F.C.|Fleetwood Town]]|caps2=9|goals2=0|years3=2018|clubs3=[[Mérida AD|Mérida]]|caps3=8|goals3=0|years4=2018–2021|clubs4=[[BK Häcken|Häcken]]|caps4=100|goals4=4|years5=2022–2023|clubs5=[[IFK Norrköping|Norrköping]]|caps5=28|goals5=0|years6=2023–2024|clubs6=[[Apollon Limassol]]|caps6=45|goals6=3|years7=2024–|clubs7=[[AEK Larnaca]]|caps7=66|goals7=2|nationalyears1=|nationalteam1=[[Nigeria national under-17 football team|Nigeria U17]]|nationalcaps1=|nationalgoals1=|club-update=14 June 2026}}

'''Elohor Godswill Ekpolo''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1995) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ AEK Larnaca ti Ẹ̀ka Àkọ́kọ́ Kípírọ́sì . Ó jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ẹ̀yìn ọ̀tún, ó sì tún lè gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù àárín .

== Iṣẹ́ eré ṣíṣe ==
Ekpolo kó lọ sí Spain pẹ̀lú ìdílé rẹ̀ láti Nàìjíríà ní ọdún 2002, ó sì gbé ní Tarragona . Ó gba ẹgbẹ́ ọ̀dọ́ ní FC Barcelona, ó sì gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ aláàbò, ó sì jẹ́ olórí ẹgbẹ́ àwọn ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàlélógún, kí wọ́n tó tú u sílẹ̀ ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2016. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Swarbrick|first1=Rosie|title=Fleetwood swoop for former Barcelona player|url=http://www.blackpoolgazette.co.uk/sport/football/fleetwood-town-fc/fleetwood-swoop-for-former-barcelona-player-1-8224207|accessdate=8 November 2016|journal=Blackpool Gazette|date=7 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lẹ́yìn ìdánwò kan ní Wolverhampton Wanderers ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2016, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ex-Barcelona defender Godswill Ekpolo on trial at Wolves|url=https://www.expressandstar.com/sport/wolverhampton-wanderers-fc/2016/07/19/ex-barcelona-defender-godswill-ekpolo-on-trial-at-wolves/|access-date=8 November 2016|work=Express and Star|date=19 July 2016}}{{Dead link|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; ó fọwọ́ sí ìwé àdéhùn pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ English League One Fleetwood Town lórí àdéhùn tí a kò sọ iye rẹ̀ ní oṣù kọkànlá. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Godswill Ekpolo: Former Barcelona defender joins Fleetwood Town|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/37903818|access-date=8 November 2016|work=BBC Sport|date=7 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó gba góòlù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún Fleetwood nínú ìdíje Ẹyẹ EFL pẹ̀lú Leicester City Under-23 ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2017. 

Lẹ́yìn tí Gethin Jones, ẹni tí wọ́n yá ní Everton, rọ́pò Ekpolo ní apá ọ̀tún, ó padà sí Spain ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kìíní ọdún 2018, ó sì fọwọ́ sí Mérida AD ti Ẹ̀ka Kejì B. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Fleetwood defender Godswill Ekpolo seals Mérida AD switch|url=https://www.lep.co.uk/sport/football/fleetwood-defender-godswill-ekpolo-seals-merida-ad-switch-1-8982013|access-date=26 January 2018|work=Lancashire Evening Post|date=26 January 2018|archivedate=25 September 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180925215912/https://www.lep.co.uk/sport/football/fleetwood-defender-godswill-ekpolo-seals-merida-ad-switch-1-8982013|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2018, Ekpolo fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn oṣù mẹ́fà pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ Allsvenskan ti Sweden BK Häcken, , wọ́n sì tún fi kún un ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù kẹwàá títí di òpin ọdún 2021. 

Ekpolo máa ń fara hàn fún AEK Larnaca nígbà gbogbo ní àkókò ìpolongo 2025–26 ní Ẹ̀ka Àkọ́kọ́ Kípírọ́sì. Lẹ́yìn tí àsìkò náà parí, ó sọ̀rọ̀ rere nípa àkókò tí ó lò ní Cyprus, ó sì sọ̀rọ̀ nípa àìdánilójú tí ó yí ìpele iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ tó tẹ̀lé e ká. 

== Àwọn Ìṣirò ==

=== Ẹgbẹ́ ===
{{Updated|16 July 2017}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |National Cup
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Continental
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
|FC Barcelona B
|2015–16
|Segunda División B
|27
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|27
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Fleetwood Town
|2016–17
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |League One
|6
|0
|1
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|7
|0
|-
|2017-18
|3
|0
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|5{{Efn|One appearance in [[EFL Cup]], Four appearances in [[EFL Trophy]]}}
|1
|8
|1
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!9
!0
!1
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
!5
!1
!15
!1
|-
|Mérida
|2017-18
|Segunda División B
|8
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|8
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |Häcken
|2018
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |Allsvenskan
|16
|0
|1
|0
|1{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[UEFA Europa League]]|name=&quot;UEL&quot;}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|18
|0
|-
|2019
|26
|1
|7
|0
|2{{Efn|name=&quot;UEL&quot;}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|35
|1
|-
|2020
|29
|0
|4
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|33
|1
|-
|2021
|29
|3
|3
|1
|2{{Efn|Appearance(s) in [[UEFA Europa Conference League]]|name=&quot;UEC&quot;}}
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|34
|4
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!100
!4
!15
!2
!5
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
!120
!6
|-
|Norrköping
|2022
|Allsvenskan
|28
|0
|4
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|32
|0
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |Apollon Limassol
|2022-23
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Cypriot First Division
|13
|1
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|0
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|13
|1
|-
|2023-24
|31
|2
|4
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|35
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!44
!3
!4
!0
!0
!0
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
!48
!3
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!216
!7
!24
!2
!5
!0
!5
!1
!250
!10
|}
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Notelist}}

== Àwọn ọlá ==

; Ilu Barcelona

* UEFA Youth League : 2013–14 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=19 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''AEK Larnaca'''

* Ife Cyprus : 2024–25
* Ife Super Cup ti Cyprus: 2025

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1995]]</text>
      <sha1>ngmqksu8wwdxwtl9ywk76yqv99a0kxl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ara Lílu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>82160</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637716</id>
      <parentid>633123</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:39:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637716</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17457" sha1="r8w98rmty7vkl3muvyil1u5g7ge9q7b" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Form of body modification}}
{{redirect|Ara lilu}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}}
[[File:Body art.jpg|thumb|[[Nipple piercing]]s, [[vertical labret]] piercing and [[Stretching (body piercing)|stretched]] ears]]

''' Ara Lílu'''  jẹ́ ọ̀nà kan tí a ń lò láti ṣe àtúnṣe tàbí ìyípadà sí ara [[ènìyàn]] , nípa lílu, gígún, tàbí gígé apá kan nínú ara kí a lè dá ihò sílẹ̀. [[Ihò]] yìí máa ń jẹ́ kí a lè fi ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ [[ara]] sínú ara sí ibẹ̀.Ọ̀rọ̀ “píìsì” lè máa tọ́ka sí ìṣe tàbí àṣà fífi ihò sí [[apá]] kan ara [[ènìyàn]]. Ó tún lè túmọ̀ sí ihò tí a ṣẹ̀dá sí ara nípasẹ̀ ìṣe náà. Nígbà mìíràn, ọ̀rọ̀ náà lè jẹ́ àpèjúwe fún ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ tí a fi sí ara lẹ́yìn tí a bá ti lu ara, tàbí fi ohun [[ọ̀ṣọ́]] sínú ihò tí a lu náà. Ara lílu lè wá ní oríṣìíríṣìí [[ọ̀nà]], ó sì lè kan àwọn apá ara bíi etí, imú, ètè, ahọ́n, ojú, ìbàdí àti àwọn apá mìíràn. Irú píìsì bẹ́ẹ̀ lè jẹ́ fún ète [[ẹwà]], ìfihàn ara ẹni, àṣà, ìṣe ìbílẹ̀, tàbí fún àwọn ìdí mìíràn.

Àwọn ohun tí a ń gbìn sínú ara nípasẹ̀ ara lílu tún lè yí ìrísí ara tàbí [[awọ]] ara padà. Àwọn ohun bẹ́ẹ̀ lè jẹ́ àwọn ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ tí a fi sí abẹ́ awọ ara, bíi àwọn okùn wúrà tí a fi sí abẹ́ awọ ara. A tún lè lo àwọn ohun tí a fi plátínọ́ọ̀mù &quot;platinum&quot;, títáníọ̀mù &quot;titanium&quot;, tàbí irin tí ó yẹ fún ìlò ìṣègùn òyìnbó ṣe, tí a sì ń gbin sí abẹ́ awọ ara.

[[Etí]] lílu àti [[imú]] lílu  ti gbilẹ̀ gan-an, wọ́n sì ní ẹ̀rí púpọ̀ nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ ìtàn àti àwọn ohun èlò tí wọ́n rí nínú ibojì. Àwọn ìyókù ara ènìyàn tí wọ́n mú kí ó má bàjẹ́ (mummy) tí ó dàgbà jù lọ nínú àwọn tí wọ́n ti ṣàwárí ní etí afikọ́ti, èyí sì ń fi hàn pé àṣà etí Lílu ti wà fún ohun tí ó ju ẹgbẹẹgbẹ̀rún ọdún márùn-ún lọ. Wọ́n ti ṣe àwárí àkọsílẹ̀ tó ṣàpèjúwe lílu imú láti ọdún 1500 ṣáájú kí Krístì tó dé. Wọ́n tí ṣàkọsílẹ̀ irú ara lílu bẹ́ẹ̀ ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ibi káàkiri [[ayé]]. Ṣùgbọ́n ní ìgbàanì, lílu [[ètè]] àti [[ahọ́n]] jẹ́ àṣà tí a máa ń rí láàárín àwọn àṣà kan ní ilẹ̀ [[Áfíríkà]]. Lílu ọmú àti àwọn ẹ̀yà ìbímọ̀ náà tún ti jẹ́ àṣà láàárín àwọn àwùjọ kan. Bí àpẹẹrẹ: A  lè tọ pinpin ọmú Lílu dé Àgbègbè [[Róòmù]] Àtijọ́, nígbà tí a sì ti ṣàpèjúwe lílu àwọn ẹ̀yà ìbímọ̀ ní Íńdíà Àtijọ́ láàárín ọdún C. sí 550 lẹ́yìn ikú Jésù.

Ìtàn ìdodo lílu, ìyẹn lílu àárín ìkùn, kò tíì hàn kedere tó. Àṣà lílu àwọn apá ara ti máa ń pọ̀ sí i, ó sì tún máa ń dín kù nínú àṣà àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè [[Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn]]. Síbẹ̀, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gbajúmọ̀ sí i lẹ́yìn [[Ogun]] Àgbáyé Kejì. Ní àwọn ọdún 1970, lílu àwọn ẹ̀yà ara tí kì í ṣe etí bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í gbajúmọ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀wọ́ kan, kí ó tó tàn dé àwùjọ gbogbogbò ní àwọn ọdún un 1990.

=== Ìtàn ===
[[File:Biigabe1.jpg|thumb|An earring found in an [[Alamannic]] grave in [[Germany]], dated {{c.|6th or 7th century}}]]
Láìpẹ́ yìí ni ìṣọ̀ṣọ́ ara ti di kókó tí àwọn onímọ̀ ìwádìí ìtàn àti àwọn òwúlẹ̀wútàn ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í ṣe ìwádìí rẹ̀ lọ́nà tó jinlẹ̀. Ìṣòro àìtọ àwọn orísun  àkọ́kọ́ ti dí àwọn [[òwúlẹ̀wútàn]] lọ́wọ́ láti ṣe [[ìwádìí]] tó jinlẹ̀ lórí lílu ihò sí ara. &lt;ref name=Angel&gt;{{harv|Angel|2009|p=2}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[ìgbà]] àtijọ́ kì í sábà sọ̀rọ̀ nípa lílo ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ tí a fi ń lu ihò sí ara tàbí ìtumọ̀ rẹ̀. Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ wọ́pọ̀ lára àwọn ohun tí a máa ń rí nínú ibojì, bíbàjẹ́ tí ẹran ara tí ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ náà wà lórí rẹ̀ ti bàjẹ́ ń jẹ́ kí ó ṣòro láti mọ bí a ṣe ń lo àwọn ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ náà nígbà àtijọ́.&lt;ref name=Angel/&gt;

=== Etí Lílu ===
{{see also|Ìtàn#Etí Lílu}}
[[File:Ear-boring ceremony--Burma.jpg|thumb|A traditional Burmese ear-boring ceremony]] 

Àṣà [[etí]] lílu láti fi ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ sí i ti wà ní oríṣiríṣi [[àgbáyé]] láti [[ìgbà]] àtijọ́. Ẹ̀rí tó kúnrẹ́rẹ́ nípa [[Àṣà]] yìí sì wà nínú àwọn àkọsílẹ̀ [[ìtàn]] àti àwọn ohun tí àwọn [[òwúlẹ̀wútàn]] ti ṣàwárí. Wọ́n ti ṣàwárí àwọn [[ara]] ènìyàn tí ó dì sínú yìnyín  tí etí wọn sì ti lu, títí kan ara [[Ötzi]] the Iceman, [[ara]] [[òkú]] tó dàgbà jùlọ tí a ti ṣàwárí títí di àkókò yìí. Ötzi, ẹni tí ó ti pé nǹkan bí 5,300 ọdún, tí wọ́n rí nínú òkìtì yinyin kan ní orílẹ̀-èdè Ítálì. &lt;ref name=Hesse&gt;{{harv|Hesse|2007|p=xvii}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ara náà ní etí Lílu tó fẹ̀ ní ìwọ̀nba .&lt;ref name=Hesse/&gt; Wọ́n ṣe àwárí yẹtí tó dàgbà jùlọ ní àkókò ẹ̀rùn ní [[Royal Cemetery at Ur|Royal Cemetery of Ur]],tí a lè tọpa ọjọ́ rẹ̀ sí {{Circa|2550 BCE}} ní I Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀pẹ̀pẹ̀ [[ìgbà]] tí a fi mọ̀ sí [[Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)|Early Dynastic Period III]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Queen Puabi's Headdress from the Royal Cemetery at Ur |url=https://collections.penn.museum/collections/highlights/neareast/puabi.php |url-status=live |access-date=2026-05-21 |website=[[Penn Museum]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{harv|Hesse|2007|p=78}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

[[File:Thai Earplug 5.jpg|thumb|left|A [[Karen people|Karen]] woman from [[Burma]] with traditional ear [[Plug (jewellery)|plugs]]]]

Lára àwọn ará Tlingit tó ń gbé ní àgbègbè Pacific Northwest ti Amẹ́ríkà, dídá etí lu àti lílo ohun ọ̀ṣọ́ etí jẹ́ àmì [[ọlá]] àti [[ọrọ̀]], nítorí pé fífi ọ̀ṣọ́ sí etí ọmọ ní láti jẹ́ ohun tí wọ́n rà ni potlatch ní [[owó]] gọbọi.&lt;ref&gt;{{harv|Gay|Whittington|2002|p=53}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ílo ọ̀ṣọ́ etí tún wọ́pọ̀ ní [[ìgbà]] [[ìjọba]] Ìdílé Kejìdínlógún ti Íjíbítì ní 1550–1292 ṣáájú kí wọ́n tó bí Krístì, níbi tí wọ́n ti máa ń ṣe é ní ọ̀nà oríṣìíríṣìí, pàápàá jùlọ bíi ọ̀ṣọ́ wúrà tó ń rọ̀ sísàlẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{harv|White|1970|p=116}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ọ̀ṣọ́ [[wúrà]] tí a fi àwọn [[òkúta]] iyebíye ṣe, tí wọ́n sì ní ìrísí ejò, dà bí ẹni pé àwọn [[ènìyàn]] ọlọ́lá nìkan ni wọ́n máa ń lò. &lt;ref&gt;{{harv|Wilkinson|1837|pp=370–371}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn Gíríìkì ìgbàanì máa ń wọ ẹ̀ṣọ́ etí àti adé tí wọ́n fi ohun èlò tí ó dà bí lẹ́ẹ̀, tí wọ́n sì ń ṣe ní ìrísí àwọn ẹyẹ mímọ́ ṣe, nígbà tí àwọn obìnrin Róòmù ìgbàanì máa ń fi àwọn [[òkúta]] iyebíye sí [[etí]] wọn. &lt;ref&gt;{{harv|Wilkinson|1837|p=79}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Imú Lílu ===
{{main|Nose piercing}}
[[File:Kutia kondh woman 3.jpg|thumb|[[Khond]] woman with ear, [[Nasal septum|septum]] and [[nostril]] piercings]]
Imú Lílu náà ní [[ìtàn]] tó rọ̀ mọ.&lt;ref name=Angel/&gt; &lt;ref name=DeMello&gt;

===Ètè Lílu===
[[File:Murzi2.jpg|thumb|left|A [[Nilotic peoples|Nilotic]] [[Mursi people|Mursi]] woman]]

=== Ọmú Lílu ===
[[File:Submissive Humility - BDSM Workshop in Berlin in June 2023.jpg|thumb|right|alt=A black and white photograph of a woman, taken from a face-level perspective and looking downwards, showing her breasts with a barbell piercing in her right nipple|A woman with [[nipple piercing]]s.]]

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==
* &lt;!--Lundskow, G--&gt;{{cite book|title=The Sociology of Religion: A Substantive and Transdisciplinary Approach |url=https://archive.org/details/sociologyofrelig0000lund |first=George |last=Lundskow |publisher=Pine Forge Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-4129-3721-4}}
* &lt;!--Mason--&gt;{{cite news |last=Mason |first=Jennifer |title=Tongue Piercing Infection Death Prompts Warning |work=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=18 October 2009 |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/10/18/2717129.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091021133153/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/10/18/2717129.htm |archive-date=21 October 2009 |access-date=6 April 2010 |archivedate=1 February 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201044708/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/10/18/2717129.htm |deadurl=yes }}
* &lt;!--Mayo--&gt;{{cite web |title=Piercings: How to Prevent Complications |author=Mayo Clinic staff |url=http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/piercings/SN00049 |publisher=Mayo Clinic |date=16 February 2008 |access-date=6 December 2009 }}
* &lt;!--McClatchey--&gt;{{cite news |title=Ear stretching: Why is lobe 'gauging' growing in popularity? |first=Carolina |last=McClatchey |work=BBC News Magazine |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-15771237 |date=21 November 2011 |access-date=11 October 2015 |ref={{harvid|McClatchey|2015}} }}
* &lt;!--McRae, A--&gt;{{cite book |title=365 Awesome Facts &amp; Records about Everything |first1=Anne |last1=McRae |first2=Gill |last2=Davies |publisher=Struik |year=2006 |isbn=1-77007-428-7}}
* &lt;!--Meltzer--&gt;{{cite journal |title=Complications of Body Piercing |journal=American Family Physician |last=Meltzer |first=Donna I. |date=15 November 2005 |volume=72 |issue=10 |pages=2029–2034 |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1115/p2029.html |access-date=14 December 2009 |pmid=16342832 }}
* &lt;!--Miller, J--&gt;{{cite book |title=The Body Art Book |url=https://archive.org/details/bodyartbookcompl0000mill |last=Miller |first=Jean-Chris |isbn=0-425-19726-3 |publisher=Penguin |year=2004}}
* &lt;!--Most--&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/records/human_body/body_beautiful/most_body_piercings_surgical_needles.aspx |title=Most Body Piercings (surgical needles) |publisher=Guinness World Records |access-date=15 December 2009 |ref={{harvid|Guinness World Records|2009}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102055955/http://guinnessworldrecords.com/records/human_body/body_beautiful/most_body_piercings_surgical_needles.aspx |archive-date=2 January 2010 }}
* &lt;!--A nose for fashion--&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/nose-fashion-Septum-piercings-latest-trend/story-27774592-detail/story.html |title=A Nose for Fashion. Septum Piercings are the Latest Trend. |work=Hull Daily Mail |date=13 September 2015 |access-date=11 October 2015 |ref={{harvid|''Hull Daily''|2015}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926155247/http://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/nose-fashion-Septum-piercings-latest-trend/story-27774592-detail/story.html |archive-date=26 September 2015 }}
* &lt;!--Ooi--&gt;{{cite book |title=Southeast Asia: a Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor |volume=1 |last=Ooi |first=Keat Gin |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2004 |isbn=1-57607-770-5}}
* &lt;!--Parents--&gt;{{cite book|title=Parents|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KF8nAQAAIAAJ|year=2007|publisher=Stellan Consult Ltd.|ref={{harvid|''Parents''|2007}}}}
* &lt;!--BBC News--&gt;{{cite news |title=Parents 'should approve skin piercings for under-16s' |work=[[BBC News]] |date=18 October 2011 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-politics-15335707 |ref={{harvid|''BBC News''|2011}} }}
* &lt;!--Past Out--&gt;{{cite journal |url=http://www.campkc.com/campkc-content.php?Page_ID=748 |title=Past Out—What was Operation Spanner? |date=24 December 2007 |journal=Camp |publisher=Kansas City Anti-Violence Project |access-date=6 December 2009 |ref={{harvid|''Camp''|2007}} |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100606055328/http://www.campkc.com/campkc-content.php?Page_ID=748 |archive-date=6 June 2010 }}
* &lt;!--Phillips, M--&gt;{{cite book |title=Ethiopia &amp; Eritrea |url=https://archive.org/details/ethiopiaeritrea0000phil |series=Lonely Planet guidebooks |publisher=Lonely Planet |first1=Matt |last1=Phillips |first2=Jean-Bernard |last2=Carillet |edition=3rd |year=2006 |isbn=1-74104-436-7}}
* &lt;!--Pitts, V--&gt;{{cite book |title=In the Flesh: the Cultural Politics of Body Modification |url=https://archive.org/details/infleshculturalp2003pitt |url-access=registration |last=Pitts |first=Victoria |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2003 |isbn=0-312-29311-9 }}
* &lt;!--Pitts-Taylor, V--&gt;{{cite book |last=Pitts-Taylor |first=Victoria |title=Cultural Encyclopedia of the Body: M-Z |url=https://archive.org/details/culturalencyclop0000unse |year=2008 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0-313-34147-2}}
* &lt;!--Porterfield--&gt;{{cite book |title=Religion and American Cultures: an Encyclopedia of Traditions, Diversity, and Popular Expressions |volume=2 |editor=Gary Laderman |editor2=Luis D. Leon |last=Porterfield |first=Amanda |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2003 |isbn=1-57607-238-X}}
* &lt;!--Prissant, C--&gt;{{cite book |last=Prisant |first=Carol |title=Antiques Roadshow Collectibles: the Complete Guide to Collecting 20th-century Toys, Glassware, Costume Jewelry, Memorabilia, Ceramics &amp; More |url=https://archive.org/details/antiquesroadshow00caro |url-access=registration |date=18 January 2003 |publisher=Workman Publishing |isbn=978-0-7611-2822-9 }}
* &lt;!--Romanienko--&gt;{{cite book |last=Romanienko |first=Lisiunia |year=2011 |title=Body Piercing and Identity Construction |url=https://archive.org/details/bodypiercingiden0000roma |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-11032-8}}
* &lt;!--Rutty, G--&gt;{{cite book |last=Rutty |first=Guy N. |title=Essentials of Autopsy Practice |url=https://archive.org/details/essentialsofauto0000unse |date=31 January 2004 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-85233-541-0}}
* &lt;!--Siegel--&gt;{{cite news |last=Siegel |first=Judy |work=[[The Jerusalem Post]] |title=Soldier's Tongue Piercing Causes Fatal Infection |date=23 September 2008 |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-156541113.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105220441/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-156541113.html |archive-date=5 November 2012 |access-date=6 April 2010 |archivedate=5 November 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105220441/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-156541113.html |deadurl=yes }}
* &lt;!--Smith, H--&gt;{{cite book|title=Jewellery |volume=16 |series=Connoisseur's library |last=Smith |first=Harold Clifford |editor1-last=Davenport |editor1-first=C. |edition=2nd |publisher=Methuen and co. |year=1908}}
* &lt;!--Smith, RJ--&gt;{{cite book |last=Smith |first=R. J. |editor-last1=Lethem |editor-first1=Jonathan |editor-last2=Bresnick |editor-first2=Paul |title=Da Capo Best Music Writing 2002: The Year's Finest Writing on Rock, Pop, Jazz, Country, and More |year=2002 |publisher=Da Capo Press |isbn=0-306-81166-9 |chapter=The Many Faces of Korla Pandit |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5WIJAQAAMAAJ&amp;q=The+Many+Faces+of+Korla+Pandit }}
* &lt;!--Spencer--&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.graziadaily.co.uk/fashion/trends/septum-piercing-20150849885 |title=Why Septum Piercings Are Trending (And There's No Age Cap) |first=Hayley |last=Spencer |date=10 August 2015 |access-date=11 October 2015 |work=Grazia Daily }}
* &lt;!--Tattoo--&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/41238.php |title=Tattoo, Piercing and Breast Implantation Infections |date=8 April 2006 |access-date=27 November 2008 |work=[[Medical News Today]] |ref={{harvid|Medical News Today|2006}} |archive-date=29 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081129134741/http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/41238.php |archivedate=29 November 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081129134741/http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/41238.php |deadurl=yes }}
* &lt;!--BBC News--&gt;{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/399218.stm |title=Tongue Piercing 'Can Be Fatal' |date=21 July 1999 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=6 April 2010 |ref={{harvid|''BBC News''|1999}} }}
* &lt;!--Ullman, Y.--&gt;{{cite web |first=Yirmiyahu |last=Ullman |title=Hoops on Studs |url=http://ohr.edu/yhiy/article.php/3430 |work=Ask the Rabbi |publisher=Ohr Somayach |date=15 March 2008 |access-date=4 April 2010 }}
* &lt;!--Vale, V--&gt;{{cite book |last1=Vale |first1=V. |first2=Andrea |last2=Juno |title=Modern Primitives: an Investigation of Contemporary Adornment &amp; Ritual |year=1989 |publisher=Re/Search Publications |isbn=978-0-940642-14-0}}
* &lt;!--van den Brink, J.--&gt;{{cite book |title=The Haida Indians: Cultural Change Mainly between 1876–1970 |year=1974 |isbn=90-04-03991-0 |first=Jacob Herman |last=van den Brink |publisher=Brill |location=Leiden |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/haidaindianscult0000brin }}
* {{Cite magazine |last=Voss |first=Brandon |author-link=Brandon Voss |date=9 October 2007 |title=Father Knows Best |magazine=[[The Advocate (LGBT magazine)|The Advocate]] |url=http://www.advocate.com/issue_story_ektid49068.asp |access-date=25 November 2007 }}
* &lt;!--Wagner, S--&gt;{{cite book |first=Stanley M. |last=Wagner |title=Onkelos on the Torah: Understanding the Bible Text |year=2006 |publisher=Gefen Publishing House Ltd |isbn=978-965-229-341-1}}</text>
      <sha1>r8w98rmty7vkl3muvyil1u5g7ge9q7b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kamar Oshioke</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>82406</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637799</id>
      <parentid>631223</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:52:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637799</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2542" sha1="hn5g3rrfr2785w58au0435qp8iegt4q" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox football biography|name=Kamar Oshioke|image=|image_size=|caption=|fullname=Kamar Kayode Oshioke&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title = Cimarrones de Sonora List of Players|url = http://www.ascensomx.net/cancha/jugador/94923/eyJpZENsdWIiOiAxMDcyMX0}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{birth date and age|1988|5|30}}|birth_place=[[Ibadan]], [[Nigeria]]|height={{height|m=1.91}}|position=[[Forward (association football)|Striker]]|currentclub=|clubnumber=|years1=2009–2011|clubs1=[[Shooting Stars SC|Shooting Stars]]|caps1=|goals1=|years2=2012–2013|clubs2=[[Ballenas Galeana]]|caps2=|goals2=|years3=2015|clubs3=[[Cimarrones de Sonora|Sonora]]|caps3=10|goals3=3|years4=2016–2017|clubs4=[[Deportivo Carchá]]|caps4=5|goals4=0|nationalyears1=|nationalteam1=|nationalcaps1=|nationalgoals1=|pcupdate=14 September 2015}}

 
'''Kamar Kayode Oshioke (a''' bí i ní ọjọ́ ọgbọ̀n oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 1988 ní Ibadan, Nàìjíríà) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù alágbábọ́ọ̀lù Nàìjíríà.

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Oshioke bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Nàìjíríà Shooting Stars SC lẹ́yìn tí ó ti gbá bọ́ọ̀lù bọ́ọ̀lù aláfẹ́fẹ́ ní iṣẹ́ rẹ̀.

Lẹ́yìn náà ni wọ́n fún un ní àǹfààní láti ṣe ìdánrawò pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ará Spain, Real Oviedo .

=== Meksiko ===
Ní ọdún 2011, Oshioke ṣe ìdánrawò ní àkókò ìṣáájú àkókò pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Mexico, Leones Negros UdeG, ṣùgbọ́n kò dúró síbẹ̀ nítorí ìmọ̀ èdè Spanish rẹ̀. Ní ọdún kan náà, ẹgbẹ́ Ballenas Galeana, ẹgbẹ́ ìpín kẹta, forúkọ sílẹ̀ fún ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà fún àsìkò náà.

Ní ọdún 2015, wọ́n forúkọ sílẹ̀ Cimarrones de Sonora fún ìdíje Ascenso MX 2015–16. Ó kọ́kọ́ gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní ọjọ́ karùndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Keje, ọdún 2015 ní eré àkọ́kọ́ àsìkò náà, ó sì parí sí ẹyọkan si odo sí Alebrijes de Oaxaca ní Pápá Ìṣeré Benito Juárez. Oshioke gba awọn góòlù méjì àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Cimarrones nínú eré kan tí wọ́n gbá pẹ̀lú awọn agbẹ̀ kọfí Tapachula tí wọ́n sì ní odo si mẹrin.

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ọjọ́ìbí ní 1988]]</text>
      <sha1>hn5g3rrfr2785w58au0435qp8iegt4q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lars Lagerback</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>82522</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637809</id>
      <parentid>631602</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T10:56:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637809</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16620" sha1="ldzizrh0o3nn1c08zr872qfd9so796o" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Olùkọ́ni àti ẹlẹ́sẹ̀-bọ́ọ̀lù ará Sweden}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name                = Lars Lagerbäck
| image               = Lars Lagerbäck in Jan 2014.jpg
| caption             = Lars Lagerbäck in 2014
| fullname            = Lars Edvin Lagerbäck
| birth_date          = {{Birth date and age|1948|7|16|df=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Katrineholm]], Sweden
| currentclub         = 
| years1              = 1960–1969 |clubs1 = Alby FF
| years2              = 1970–1974 |clubs2 = [[Gimonäs CK]]
| manageryears1       = 1977–1982 |managerclubs1 = Kilafors IF
| manageryears2       = 1983–1985 |managerclubs2 = [[Arbrå BK]]
| manageryears3       = 1987–1989 |managerclubs3 = [[Hudiksvalls ABK]]
| manageryears4       = 1990–1995 |managerclubs4 = [[Sweden men's national under-17 football team|Sweden U16]]/[[Sweden men's national under-19 football team|U18]]
| manageryears5       = 1996–1997 |managerclubs5 = [[Sweden national football B team|Sweden B]]
| manageryears6       = 1998–1999 |managerclubs6 = [[Sweden men's national football team|Sweden]] (olùrànlọ́wọ́)
| manageryears7       = 2000–2009 |managerclubs7 = [[Sweden men's national football team|Sweden]]
| manageryears8       = 2010      |managerclubs8 = [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]]
| manageryears9       = 2011–2016 |managerclubs9 = [[Iceland national football team|Iceland]]
| manageryears10      = 2017–2020 |managerclubs10 = [[Norway national football team|Norway]] 
}}
'''Lars Edvin &quot;Lasse&quot; Lagerbäck''' ({{IPA|sv|ˈlɑːʂ ˈlâsːɛ ˈlɑ̂ːɡɛ(r)ˌbɛk|pron}}; a bí i ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún Oṣù Keje, ọdún 1948) ó jẹ́ olùkọ́ni bọ́ọ̀lù aláfẹsẹ̀gbá [[Association football|ará]] [[Sweden]] àti agbábọ́ọ̀lù tẹ́lẹ̀ rí.

Lagerbäck ti darí ọ̀pọ̀lọ́pọ̀ ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè ṣáájú ipò rẹ̀ lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ báyìí. Ó darí [[Sweden men's national football team|ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Sweden]] láti 1998 títí di 2009, ó sì darí Sweden lọ sí ìdíje ńlá márùn-ún ní tẹ̀léǹtẹ̀lé. Ó fi ipò olùdarí sílẹ̀ ní 2009, lẹ́yìn tí Sweden kùnà láti yẹ fún [[2010 FIFA World Cup]] ní [[South Africa]]. Lẹ́yìn àkókò kúkúrú kan gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdarí [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]], ó darí Iceland sí àṣeyọrí tí kò tíì ṣẹlẹ̀ rí bí wọ́n ṣe yẹ fún ìdíje-ìparí àkọ́kọ́ wọn, [[UEFA Euro 2016]], wọ́n sì dé ìpele ìdíje-ìparí mẹ́rin, wọ́n ṣẹ́gun [[England national football team|England]] nínú ìyípo ìkẹrìndínlógún tí ó kẹ́yìn. Yàtọ̀ sí iṣẹ́ olùdarí rẹ̀, Lagerbäck ti jẹ́ olùbánisọ̀rọ̀ nínú ìtànkálẹ̀ [[Premier League]] àti [[UEFA Champions League]] lórí tẹlifíṣọ̀n Sweden ní àwọn ọdún tí ó ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ kọjá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.viasatsport.se/sport/fotboll/nyheter/viasat-forlanger-med-lagerback-extremt-trevligt|title=Viasat förlänger med Lagerbäck|publisher=Viasat Sport|language=sv|date=19 August 2014|access-date=4 July 2016|archive-date=18 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818112902/http://www.viasatsport.se/sport/fotboll/nyheter/viasat-forlanger-med-lagerback-extremt-trevligt|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ báyìí, ó ni àkọsílẹ̀ fún dídarí ẹgbẹ́ kan nínú ìdíje-ìparí [[European Championship]]s ní ìgbà mẹ́rin.

==Iṣẹ́ Ìṣe Gégébí Agbábóólù ==

A bí Lagerbäck ní [[Katrineholm]], ó sì dàgbà ní Ovansjö, [[Medelpad]]. Ní ìgbà èwe rẹ̀, Lagerbäck gba bọ́ọ̀lù fún [[Alby FF]]. Nígbà tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún métàlá, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí gba bọ́ọ̀lù fún ẹgbẹ́ P16 wọn.

Lẹ́yìn tí ó parí ẹ̀kọ́ girama rẹ̀ ní òpin àwọn ọdún 1960, Lagerbäck kọ́ [[political science|ìmọ̀ ìṣèlú]] àti [[economics|ètò-ọrọ̀-ajé]] ní [[Umeå University]] ní àríwá Sweden. Ní ẹ̀gbẹ́ ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀, ó tún ṣeré bọ́ọ̀lù ẹlẹ́sẹ̀ fún [[Gimonäs CK]] lábẹ́ ìtọ́sọ́nà [[Calle Lindelöf]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| url=http://www.skysports.com/football/euro2008/story/0,23063,14717_3617418,00.html | work=Sky Sports | title=Guide to Sweden}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó tẹ̀síwájú láti ṣeré níbẹ̀ títí di 1974, ó sì ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí akọ̀wé ẹgbẹ́ láti 1970.&lt;ref name=&quot;aftonbladet.se&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.aftonbladet.se/sportbladet/article386906.ab|title=ETT UNDERVERK FRÅN OVANSJÖ|work=aftonbladet.se|access-date=18 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn ọdún tí ó tẹ̀lé e, ó ṣeré ní ìgbà méjì fún ẹgbẹ́ náà nínú àwọn ìyípo ìdíje-àyẹ̀wò sí ìpín kejì nínú Ìdíje Asiwaju Sweden láìsí àṣeyọrí. Lagerbäck fúnra rẹ̀ ṣeré gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbáàyè, ṣùgbọ́n ó sábà máa ń jẹ́ olùṣèdípò tí a kò lò.

Ní ọdún 1974, ó lọ sí [[Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences]], níbi tí ó ti jẹ́ akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ pẹ̀lú olùkọ́ni olùrànlọ́wọ́ lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ báyìí, [[Roland Andersson]].

==Iṣẹ́ àkóso ẹgbẹ́==
===Ipele ẹgbẹ́===
Ní ọdún 1977, wọ́n pè é sí ẹgbẹ́ àgbà. Kjell Pettersson tí í ṣe ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ ni ó dá a ní àṣẹ sí Kilafors. Ó kọ́ ẹgbẹ́ Division IV títí di ọdún 1982. Ní ọdún 1983, ó ṣí lọ sí [[Arbrå IK]] títí di ọdún 1985. Ní ọdún 1987, ó gba ipò olùkọ́ ní [[Hudiksvall ABK]], àmọ́ ó fi ipò náà sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1989.&lt;ref name=&quot;www1.uefa.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www1.uefa.com/tournament/teams/team=127/profile=1/index.html |title=Euro2008.uefa.com - Teams - Sweden |access-date=20 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422232500/http://www1.uefa.com/tournament/teams/team=127/profile=1/index.html |archive-date=22 April 2009 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Sweden===
Ní ọdún 1990, Lagerbäck gba iṣẹ́ pẹ̀lú [[Swedish Football Association]]. Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ fún àwọn ipele ọ̀dọ́ tí ó ní [[Freddie Ljungberg]] nínú. Ó ràn [[Tommy Svensson]] àti [[Tord Grip]] lọ́wọ́ pẹ̀lú [[Sweden men's national football team|ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Sweden]].&lt;ref name=&quot;aftonbladet.se&quot;/&gt;

Ní ọdún 1996, Lagerbäck gba ipò olùkọ́ [[Sweden national football B team|ẹgbẹ́ B orílẹ̀-èdè Sweden]], títí di ọdún 1997. Ní ọdún 1998, [[Tommy Söderberg]] yàn án láti jẹ́ olùkọ́ olùrànlọ́wọ́ fún ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Sweden. Ní ọdún 2000, wọ́n gbé e ga sí ipò olùkọ́-méjì, iṣẹ́ tí ó pín pẹ̀lú Söderberg títí di ọdún 2004.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Lagerback: I love my job|url=https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=543722.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070919052157/http://fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=543722.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 September 2007|work=[[FIFA]]|date=3 July 2007|access-date=20 April 2009|archivedate=12 October 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012082825/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid=543722.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ ìtọ́sọ́nà wọn, ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Sweden yege fún [[UEFA Euro 2000]] ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n yọ̀ wọ́n kúrò ní ipele ẹgbẹ́.

Ní ọdún 2002, wọ́n mú Sweden lọ sí [[2002 FIFA World Cup]], níbi tí a ti fa Sweden sínú 'ẹgbẹ́ ikú', pẹ̀lú [[England national football team|England]], [[Argentina national football team|Argentina]] àti [[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]]. Sweden ṣẹ́gun ẹgbẹ́ náà ṣùgbọ́n lẹ́yìn náà wọ́n ṣẹ́gun lọ́wọ́ [[Senegal national football team|Senegal]] ní ipele ìkọ́lù àkọ́kọ́. Ní ọdún 2004, Sweden yege fún ìdíje kẹta wọn ní ọ̀nà kan-náà. Ní [[UEFA Euro 2004]], Sweden dé ipele ìdámẹ́rin níbi tí wọ́n ti ṣẹ́gun lọ́wọ́ [[Netherlands national football team|Netherlands]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://fotboll.expressen.se/landslaget/1.1831396/lagerback-hoppas-man-gloms-bort-snabbt|title=Lagerbäck: &quot;Hoppas man glöms bort snabbt&quot;|work=expressen.se|access-date=18 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007235128/http://fotboll.expressen.se/landslaget/1.1831396/lagerback-hoppas-man-gloms-bort-snabbt|archive-date=7 October 2011|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún kan-náà, Tommy Söderberg fi ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Sweden sílẹ̀ láti kọ́ ẹgbẹ́ Sweden U21.

Lẹ́yìn tí Söderberg lọ, Lagerbäck yan [[Roland Andersson]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùkọ́ olùrànlọ́wọ́. Ní ọdún 2006, Lagerbäck mú Sweden lọ sí ìdíje kẹrin wọn ní ọ̀nà kan-náà, ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ nínú ìtàn Sweden. Ó mú Sweden lọ sí [[2006 FIFA World Cup]], wọ́n sì ṣẹ́gun lọ́wọ́ [[Germany national football team|Germany]] 2–0 ní ipele ìkọ́lù.&lt;ref name=&quot;www1.uefa.com&quot;/&gt; Lábẹ́ Lagerbäck, Sweden tún yege fún [[UEFA Euro 2008]], ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n yọ̀ wọ́n kúrò ní ipele ẹgbẹ́ lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun 2–0 lọ́wọ́ [[Russia national football team|Russia]]. Ìyọ̀kúrò kíákíá ẹgbẹ́ náà nínú ìdíje náà mú kí àwọn akọ̀ròyìn ìdárayá béèrè pé kí wọ́n lé Lagerbäck kúrò.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Krönikörer kräver Lagerbäcks avgång|url=http://www.dn.se/2.738/2.1084/kronikorer-kraver-lagerbacks-avgang-1.754028|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120728210955/http://www.dn.se/2.738/2.1084/kronikorer-kraver-lagerbacks-avgang-1.754028|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 July 2012|work=[[Dagens Nyheter]]|language=sv|date=19 July 2008|access-date=20 April 2009}}{{Dead link|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Bí ó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ bẹ́ẹ̀, ó fọwọ́ sí ìtẹ̀síwájú, èyí tí ó jẹ́ kí ó dúró títí dé òpin ìpolongo [[2010 FIFA World Cup]]. Lẹ́yìn ìpolongo yíyege tí kò yege ti Sweden, Lagerbäck fi ipò sílẹ̀, [[Erik Hamrén]] sì rọ́pò rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Eriksson in line for Sweden post |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/8313867.stm|work=[[Simon Austin]] |date=19 October 2009|access-date=24 October 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Iceland===
Ní ọjọ́ kerin oṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2011, olórí olùdarí KSÍ, Geir Þorsteinsson, sọ pé àwọn ìjíròrò ti bẹ̀rẹ̀ nípa yíyan Lagerbäck gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdarí tuntun ti [[Iceland national football team|ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Iceland]]. Wọ́n jẹ́rìí sí yíyàn náà ní ọjọ́ mẹ́wàá lẹ́yìn náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;Lagerback tekur við landsliðinu (Staðfest)&quot;&gt;{{cite news| title = Lagerback tekur við landsliðinu (Staðfest)| url = http://www.fotbolti.net/fullStory.php?action=viewStory&amp;id=116066| publisher = Fótbolti.net| language = is| date = 2011-10-14| access-date = 2011-10-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lábẹ́ Lagerbäck, Iceland yege fún ipele eré-ìdíje ìkẹyìn ti [[2014 FIFA World Cup qualification|ìdíje yíyege]] fún [[2014 FIFA World Cup]], ṣùgbọ́n [[Croatia national football team|Croatia]] ni ó ṣẹ́gun ní àwọn ìdíje méjì náà.&lt;ref name=&quot;jointIceland&quot;&gt;{{cite news| title = Lagerbäck og Heimir áfram með landsliðið
| url = http://www.mbl.is/sport/efstadeild/2013/11/25/lagerback_og_heimir_afram_med_landslidid/| publisher = [[Morgunblaðið|mbl.is]]| language = is| date = 2013-11-25| access-date = 2013-11-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Láìpẹ́ lẹ́yìn náà, Lagerbäck fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn tuntun, ní àkókò yìí gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdarí àjùmọ̀ṣe pẹ̀lú olùrànlọ́wọ́ rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Iceland, [[Heimir Hallgrímsson]], ẹni tí ó gba ipò olùdarí kanṣoṣo nígbà tí Lagerbäck fẹ̀yìn tì lẹ́yìn [[UEFA Euro 2016]], níbi tí Iceland ti gbayì dé ipele ìdámẹ́rin, ṣẹ́gun [[England national football team|England]] ní ipele méjìdínlógun tí ó kẹ́yìn. Wọ́n jáde lọ́wọ́ [[France national football team|France]] ní ipele ìdámẹ́rin.&lt;ref name=&quot;jointIceland&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| title = Lagerbäck: Vil ljúka ferlinum á stórmóti| url = http://www.mbl.is/sport/efstadeild/2013/11/25/lagerback_vil_ljuka_ferlinum_a_stormoti/| publisher = [[Morgunblaðið|mbl.is]]| language = is| date = 2013-11-25| access-date = 2013-11-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lagerbäck gba ìdìbò 30 gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdíje tí a kọ̀wé sí nínú [[2016 Icelandic presidential election]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.visir.is/g/2016160628910/lars-lagerb%EF%BF%BDck-hlaut-vel-a-thridja-tug-atkvaeda-i-forsetakosningunum|title=Lars Lagerbäck hlaut vel á þriðja tug atkvæða í forsetakosningunum|website=visir.is|date=27 June 2016|accessdate=18 November 2020|language=Icelandic}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Lẹ́yìn náà (2020–2021) ó jẹ́ olùbánisọ̀rọ̀ ìmọ̀-ẹ̀rọ fún [[Iceland national football team]].

===Norway===
Ní ọjọ́ Kínní oṣù kejì ọdún 2017, wọ́n kéde Lagerbäck gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdarí tuntun fún [[Norway]], ó fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn tí yóò dúró títí di òpin ọdún 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fotball.no/landslag/norge-a-herrer/2017/ny-landslagssjef/|title=Lars Lagerbäck ny norsk landslagssjef|first=Norges|last=Fotballforbund|website=fotball.no - Norges Fotballforbund}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ 26 oṣù kẹta, Lagerbäck ṣàkóso eré àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdarí Norway, èyí tí ó yọrí sí àdánù 2–0 lọ́wọ́ [[Northern Ireland]] ní [[Belfast]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=AS|first=TV 2|title=King herjet i Norges første seier med Lagerbäck|url=https://www.tv2.no/a/9334764/|access-date=2021-03-31|website=TV 2|date=September 2017 |language=no}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àkókò rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdarí ni a kà sí èyí tí ó dàpọ̀ mọ́ra ní ti àṣeyọrí. Ní oṣù kejìlá ọdún 2020, wọ́n lé Lagerbäck kúrò ní ipò olùdarí ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè, [[Ståle Solbakken]] sì rọ́pò rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Richvoldsen|first=Ole Jonny Eriksrud Hansen, Adrian|date=2020-12-03|title=Lagerbäck ferdig som Norge-trener. Dette sier han om avgjørelsen|url=https://www.nettavisen.no/12-95-3424056594|access-date=2021-03-31|website=Nettavisen|language=no}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Àwọn Akọsílẹ̀ ìṣe gẹgẹbi olùdarí ===
Títí di àkókò ọjọ́ Kejìdínlọ́gún Oṣu Oṣu kọkànlá ọdún 2020

{{flagicon|Sweden}} '''[[Sweden men's national football team|Sweden]]'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|-
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Role
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|From
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|To
!colspan=&quot;6&quot;|Record
|-
!G!!W!!D!!L!!Win %!!Unbeaten %
|-
|align=left|Joint manager
|align=left|2000
|align=left|2004
|59||26||23||10||44.07||83.05
|-
|align=left|Sole manager
|align=left|2004
|align=left|2009
|72||31||17||24||43.06||66.67
|-
|align=left|Overall
|align=left|2000
|align=left|2009
|131||57||40||34||43.51||74.05
|}

{{flagicon|Nigeria}} '''[[Nigeria national football team|Nigeria]]'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|-
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Role
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|From
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|To
!colspan=&quot;6&quot;|Record
|-
!G!!W!!D!!L!!Win %!!Unbeaten %
|-
|align=left|Manager
|align=left|2010
|align=left|2010
|7||2||3||2||28.57||71.43
|}

{{flagicon|Iceland}} '''[[Iceland national football team|Iceland]]'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|-
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Role
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|From
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|To
!colspan=&quot;6&quot;|Record
|-
!G!!W!!D!!L!!Win %!!Unbeaten %
|-
|align=left|Sole manager
|align=left|2011
|align=left|2013
|20||8||3||9||40.00||55.00
|-
|align=left|Joint manager
|align=left|2013
|align=left|2016
|32||13||7||12||40.63||62.50
|-
|align=left|Overall
|align=left|2011
|align=left|2016
|52||21||10||21||40.38||59.62
|}

{{flagicon|Norway}} '''[[Norway national football team|Norway]]'''

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|-
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|Role
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|From
!rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|To
!colspan=&quot;6&quot;|Record
|-
!G!!W!!D!!L!!Win %!!Unbeaten %
|-
|align=left|Manager
|align=left|2017
|align=left|2020
|36||18||9||9||50.00||75.00
|}

==Àwọn Àmì Ìdánilólá ==
===Gégébí Alákóso ===

'''Sweden'''
*[[King's Cup (Thailand football tournament)|King's Cup]]: 2001, 2003

'''Nigeria'''
*[[WAFU Nations Cup]]: [[2010 WAFU Nations Cup|2010]]

==Ìtọ́kasí==</text>
      <sha1>ldzizrh0o3nn1c08zr872qfd9so796o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jamal musiala</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>82563</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637780</id>
      <parentid>635822</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:10:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637780</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51093" sha1="mg8v32pa9s6eb4vj55q4tklz94z8554" xml:space="preserve">&lt;nowiki&gt;Short description|German footballer (born 2003)}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}{{Infobox football biography|name=Jamal Musiala|image=Jamal Musiala Ecuador v Germany 25 June 2026-174 (cropped).jpg|caption=Musiala with [[Germany national football team|Germany]] in 2026|full_name=Jamal Musiala&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/fb00fb4f430e88fc/original/vfolbncwswkxqi8ostba-pdf.pdf |title=Squad List: FIFA Club World Cup Qatar 2020: FC Bayern München |publisher=FIFA |page=3 |date=1 February 2021 |access-date=25 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_date={{birth date and age|2003|2|26|df=y}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/player/_/id/303821/jamal-musiala |title=Jamal Musiala: Overview |publisher=ESPN |access-date=25 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;|birth_place=[[Stuttgart]], Germany|height=1.86 m&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://fcbayern.com/en/teams/first-team/jamal-musiala |title=Jamal Musiala |publisher=FC Bayern Munich |access-date=5 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;|position=[[Attacking midfielder]]|currentclub=[[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]]|clubnumber=10|youthyears1=2008–2010|youthclubs1=[[TSV Lehnerz]]|youthyears2=2010–2011|youthclubs2=[[Southampton F.C. B team and Academy|Southampton]]|youthyears3=2011–2019|youthclubs3=[[Chelsea F.C. Under-23s and Academy|Chelsea]]|youthyears4=2019–2020|youthclubs4=[[FC Bayern Munich Junior Team|Bayern Munich]]|years1=2020–2021|clubs1=[[FC Bayern Munich II|Bayern Munich II]]|caps1=10|goals1=2|years2=2020–|clubs2=[[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]]|caps2=154|goals2=48|nationalyears1=2016–2017|nationalteam1=[[England national under-15 football team|England U15]]|nationalcaps1=3|nationalgoals1=4|nationalyears2=2018|nationalteam2=[[Germany national under-16 football team|Germany U16]]|nationalcaps2=2|nationalgoals2=0|nationalyears3=2018–2019|nationalteam3=[[England national under-16 football team|England U16]]|nationalcaps3=5|nationalgoals3=2|nationalyears4=2019–2020|nationalteam4=[[England national under-17 football team|England U17]]|nationalcaps4=9|nationalgoals4=2|nationalyears5=2020|nationalteam5=[[England national under-21 football team|England U21]]|nationalcaps5=2|nationalgoals5=1|nationalyears6=2021–|nationalteam6=[[Germany national football team|Germany]]|nationalcaps6=46|nationalgoals6=10|club-update=15:28, 16 May 2026 (UTC)|nationalteam-update=15:51, 30 June 2026 (UTC)}}Jamal Musiala (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kejì ọdún 2003) jẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọjọ́gbọ́n ti orílẹ̀-èdè Jámánì, ẹni tí ó ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù àárín pápá tí ó máa ń gbógun ti àwọn alátakò (attacking midfielder) fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Bayern Munich àti ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Jámánì. Wọ́n kà á sí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù àárín pápá tí ó dára jùlọ lágbàáyé ní ipa yẹn,[1][2][3] Musiala sì gbajúmọ̀ fún agbára rẹ̀ láti fi bọ́ọ̀lù yí àwọn alátakò ká (dribbling), bí ó ṣe máa ń kọjá bọ́ọ̀lù fún àwọn ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ (passing), ewu tí ó lè fa fún àwọn alátakò níwájú góòlù, àti àwọn ọgbọ́n eré rẹ̀.[4] Musiala ti ṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè Jámánì nínú ìdíje UEFA European Championship lẹ́ẹ̀mejì (ní ọdún 2020 àti 2024) àti ìdíje FIFA World Cup lẹ́ẹ̀mejì (ní ọdún 2022 àti 2026). Òun ni ó pín àmì-ẹ̀yẹ 'Golden Boot' ti ìdíje Euro 2024 pẹ̀lú àwọn mìíràn.

== Ìgbà èwe ==
A bí Musiala ní Stuttgart, ní orílẹ̀-èdè Germany; bàbá rẹ̀ jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà àti Britain tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Daniel Richard, ìyá rẹ̀ sì jẹ́ ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Germany tí ó ní ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ láti Poland, tí orúkọ rẹ̀ sì ń jẹ́ Carolin Musiala.[1][2][3] Ó gbé ní Fulda títí ó fi pé ọmọ ọdún méje, kí ó tó kó lọ sí England pẹ̀lú ẹbí rẹ̀, níbi tí ó ti lo àwọn ọdún ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ tó kù.[4][5] Ó lọ sí ilé-ìwé alákọ̀ọ́bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní Corpus Christi School ní New Malden, ó sì ṣojú ilé-ìwé náà fún àwọn ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù agbègbè bíi Fulham,[6] Brentford,[7] àti Wimbledon nínú ìdíje EFL Utilita Kids Cup, níbi tí ó ti gba ìdíje náà lẹ́ẹ̀mejì.[8] Fún ilé-ìwé girama, ó lọ sí Whitgift School ní Croydon.[9] Musiala lo àwọn ọdún ìgbà èwe rẹ̀ tó kẹ́yìn ní Chelsea Academy, níbi tí ó ti pàdé Michael Olise.[10] Musiala ti gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún àwọn ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Germany àti England ní ìpele àwọn ọ̀dọ́, níparí rẹ̀, ó sì pinnu láti dúró ti Ẹgbẹ́ Agbábọ́ọ̀lù ti Germany (German Football Association) ní oṣù Kejì ọdún 2021.[4] Nígbà tí ó pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún, Musiala àti ìyá rẹ̀ padà sí Germany nítorí àwọn ìdí ara-ẹni àti ọ̀rọ̀ Brexit tí ó ń bọ̀ wá ṣẹlẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=23 February 2021|title=Der Ex-Lehnerzer Jamal Musiala startet beim FC Bayern München durch|url=https://www.fuldaerzeitung.de/fulda/jamal-musiala-fc-bayern-muenchen-lehnerz-talent-durchbruch-champions-league-13656624.html|access-date=20 June 2024|website=www.fuldaerzeitung.de|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Brown|first=Oliver|date=15 June 2024|title=Germany's new talisman is Jamal Musiala – the one that got away for England|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2024/06/15/germany-talisman-jamal-musiala-euro-2024-england/|access-date=25 June 2024|work=The Telegraph|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Collins|first=David|date=25 June 2024|title=Brexit to blame for England losing Jamal Musiala to Germany|url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/brexit-to-blame-for-england-losing-jamal-musiala-to-germany-q70nmlq5z|access-date=25 June 2024|website=[[The Times]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ==

=== Bayern Munich ===

==== 2019–20: Debut season ====
Ní oṣù Keje ọdún 2019, nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́rìndínlógún, Musiala fi ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Chelsea sílẹ̀ láti dara pọ̀ mọ́ ẹgbẹ́ Bundesliga tí í ṣe Bayern Munich.[1][2] Ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 2020, Musiala ṣe eré àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n, nígbà tí ó wọlé gẹ́gẹ́ bí aropo fún ẹgbẹ́ Bayern Munich II nínú ìṣẹ́gun 3–2 tí wọ́n ní lórí Preußen Münster nínú ìdíje 3. Liga.[3] Ní ọjọ́ ogún oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 2020, ó ṣe eré àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní Bundesliga lòdì sí SC Freiburg, ó sì di agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó kéré jùlọ ní ọjọ́-orí láti gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún Bayern ní Bundesliga, nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún àti ọjọ́ 115.[4][5] Musiala wà lára ​​àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí ó gba ife-ẹ̀yẹ UEFA Champions League ti ọdún 2019–20, bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé kò kópa nínú èyíkéyìí nínú àwọn eré ìdíje náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/53867676|title=Paris St-Germain 0-1 Bayern Munich: German Side win Champions League|work=BBC Sport|access-date=13 September 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 2020–21: First-team breakthrough ====
Ni ọjọ́ kejidinlogun oṣù Kẹsan ọdún 2020, Musiala gba góòlù rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ nínú ìdíje Bundesliga nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Schalke pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò mẹ́jọ sí odo (8–0); èyí sọ ọ́ di agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó kéré jùlọ ní ọjọ́-orí láti gba góòlù fún Bayern, nígbà tó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún àti ọjọ́ igba ó lé márùn-ún (17 years and 205 days), ó sì fọ́ àkọsílẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ tí Roque Santa Cruz ní, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún méjìdínlógún àti ọjọ́ méjìlá nígbà yẹn.[1][2] Ní ọjọ́ kẹta oṣù Kọkànlá, Musiala kópa nínú ìdíje Champions League fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tó rọ́pò Thomas Müller nínú ìṣẹ́gun 6–2 tí wọ́n ní lórí Red Bull Salzburg ní ilé àwọn alátakò wọn.[3] Ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù Kejìlá, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré Champions League rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ nínú ìdíje tí ó parí sí dọ́gba (1–1) pẹ̀lú Atlético Madrid ní ilé àwọn alátakò.[4] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Kejì ọdún 2021, Musiala gba góòlù rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ nínú Champions League nínú ìṣẹ́gun 4–1 lórí Lazio ní ilé àwọn alátakò, èyí sì jẹ́ eré àkọ́kọ́ nínú ìpele àwọn ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́rìndínlógún (round of 16); ó sì di agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó kéré jùlọ nínú ìdíje náà láti gba góòlù, ẹni tí ó ní ìlú-ìbílẹ̀ méjèèjì, ti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì àti ti ilẹ̀ Jámánì.[5][6] Ó tún di agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó kéré jùlọ fún Bayern láti gba góòlù nínú ìdíje ti ilẹ̀ Yúróòpù, nígbà tó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún àti ọjọ́ 363, ó sì fọ́ àkọsílẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ tí Samuel Kuffour ní.[7] Ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù Kẹta, ó fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn iṣẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n rẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ pẹ̀lú Bayern Munich, èyí tí yóò wà títí di ọdún 2026..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://fcbayern.com/en/news/2021/03/pm-musiala|title=Musiala signs until 2026|website=Bayern Munich|date=5 March 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 2021–2023: Continuous development and Bundesliga title decider ====
[[Fáìlì:2022-07-30_Fußball,_Männer,_DFL-Supercup,_RB_Leipzig_-_FC_Bayern_München_1DX_3417_by_Stepro_(Jamal_Musiala,_Joshua_Zikzee).jpg|thumb|Musiala celebrating the win of the 2022 [[DFL-Supercup]]]]
[[Serge Gnabry|Ni ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹjọ ọdún 2021, Musiala gba àwọn góòlù méjì àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún àsìkò eré náà nínú ìṣẹ́gun 12–0 lórí Bremer SV ní ìta gbangba (ní pápá ìṣeré àwọn alátakò).[1][2] Lẹ́yìn ọjọ́ mẹ́ta, ó gba góòlù Bundesliga àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún àsìkò náà nínú ìṣẹ́gun 5–0 lórí Hertha BSC ní ilé wọn.[3] Ni ọjọ́ kẹjọ oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2021, Musiala gba góòlù Champions League àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún àsìkò náà nínú ìṣẹ́gun 3–0 lórí Barcelona.[4] Ni ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Kẹrin ọdún 2022, góòlù tí Musiala gbá fi ìdí ipò aṣáájú nínú Bundesliga múlẹ̀ nínú ìṣẹ́gun 3–1 lórí Borussia Dortmund nínú eré 'Der Klassiker', èyí sì fún Bayern ní àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Bundesliga kẹwàá wọn ní ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ láìsí ìdádàró.[5][6][7] Ni ọjọ́ kẹtàdínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2023, Musiala gba góòlù tí ó pinnu ìṣẹ́gun ní ìṣẹ́jú kọ̀ọ̀kàndínlọ́gọ́rin (89th minute) nínú ìṣẹ́gun 2–1 lórí FC Köln ní ìta gbangba. Góòlù yìí mú kí ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ lìgì (league title) kọkànlá ní ọ̀tọ̀ọ̀tọ̀ láìsí ìdádàró, níwájú àwọn alátakò wọn, Dortmund, nípasẹ̀ ìyàtọ̀ nínú iye góòlù tí wọ́n gbá.[8] Pẹ̀lúpẹ̀lù, ó parí àsìkò eré náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni kejì tí ó gbá góòlù púpọ̀ jùlọ fún Bayern nínú lìgì náà pẹ̀lú àwọn góòlù méjìlá, lẹ́yìn Serge Gnabry.]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://onefootball.com/en/news/jamal-musiala-i-didnt-think-about-it-i-just-celebrated-37567210|title=Jamal Musiala: &quot;I didn't think about it, I just celebrated.&quot;|publisher=OneFootball|date=27 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 2024–present: Contract extension, injury and comeback ====
[[Luis Díaz (footballer, born 1997)|Ní àsìkò eré ti ọdún 2023–24, Musiala gba góòlù mẹ́tàlá (13) nínú gbogbo àwọn ìdíje, títí kan góòlù mẹ́wàá (10) ní Bundesliga; ó parí àsìkò náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni kejì tí ó gba góòlù púpọ̀ jùlọ fún ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀, lẹ́yìn Harry Kane.[1] Ní ọjọ́ 30 Oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2024, ó gba 'hat-trick' (góòlù mẹ́ta nínú eré kan) àkọ́kọ́ nínú iṣẹ́-eré rẹ̀ nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Mainz pẹ̀lú àbájáde 4–0 ní ìta gbangba wọn nínú ìdíje DFB-Pokal.[2] Ní ọjọ́ 14 Oṣù Kejì ọdún 2025, ó fa àdéhùn rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú Bayern gùn títí dé ọdún 2030.[3] Ní àsìkò kan náà ní ọdún yẹn, ní ọjọ́ 15 Oṣù Kẹfà, ó tún gba 'hat-trick' mìíràn—títí kan góòlù 'penalty' àkọ́kọ́ nínú iṣẹ́-eré rẹ̀—nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Auckland City pẹ̀lú àbájáde 10–0 nínú ìdíje FIFA Club World Cup ti ọdún 2025; ó di agbábọ́ọ̀lù àkọ́kọ́ láéláé nínú ètò tuntun ti CWC láti gba 'hat-trick', ó sì tún ṣe àṣeyọrí pàtàkì nípa gbígba góòlù ogún (20) rẹ̀ fún àsìkò eré náà.[4] Lẹ́yìn náà, ó gba ẹ̀wù nọ́ńbà 10, èyí tí ó jogún láti ọ̀dọ̀ Leroy Sané, ṣáájú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àsìkò eré ti ọdún 2025–26.[5] Ní ọjọ́ 5 Oṣù Keje ọdún 2025, egungun 'fibula' rẹ̀ fọ́, bẹ́ẹ̀ sì ni egungun kokosẹ̀ rẹ̀ yẹ̀ kúrò ní ipò rẹ̀ tí ó sì tún fọ́, lẹ́yìn tí ó kọlu olùṣọ́-àubodè Paris Saint-Germain, Gianluigi Donnarumma, nígbà ìdíje ìpele mẹ́rin-ìkẹyìn (quarter-finals) ti FIFA Club World Cup ti ọdún 2025.[6] Lẹ́yìn ọjọ́ 196, ó padà sí pápá ìṣeré ní ọjọ́ 17 Oṣù Kínní ọdún 2026; wọ́n fi í rọ́pò Serge Gnabry ní ìṣẹ́jú kẹjọ-dín-láàádọ́rùn-ún (88th minute), ó sì tètè ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún Michael Olise láti gba góòlù lẹ́yìn ìṣẹ́jú-àáyá 76, èyí tí ó ran ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ lọ́wọ́ láti ṣẹ́gun RB Leipzig pẹ̀lú àbájáde 5–1.[7] Ó ṣe ayẹyẹ ìpadàbọ̀ rẹ̀ sínú àkójọ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí yóò bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré ní ọjọ́ méjìlá lẹ́yìn náà, ní ọjọ́ 29 Oṣù Kínní nínú ìdíje Champions League; ó gba góòlù kan lẹ́yìn ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ tó dára pẹ̀lú Lennart Karl nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Ni ọjọ́ mẹ́rin lẹ́yìn náà, nínú ìdíje àkọ́kọ́ ti ìpele àwọn ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́rìndínlógún nínú Champions League, ó gba góòlù kejì rẹ̀ nínú àsìkò ìdíje náà nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Atalanta pẹ̀lú àbájáde 6–1 ní ilé àwọn ọ̀tá; ó sì tún fara pa ní ibi tí egungun kokosẹ̀ rẹ̀ ti fọ́ tẹ́lẹ̀,[10] èyí sì mú kí ó pàdánù àkókò ìsinmi fún àwọn eré àgbáyé.[11] Ó padà sí pápá ìṣeré ní ọjọ́ kẹrin oṣù Kẹrin nínú ìṣẹ́gun 3–2 lórí Freiburg ní ilé àwọn ọ̀tá.[12][13] Ní ọjọ́ mẹ́ta lẹ́yìn náà, ó kópa nínú ìṣẹ́gun 2–1 lórí Real Madrid ní ilé àwọn ọ̀tá nínú ìpele mẹ́rin-ní-ó-kù (quarter-final) ti Champions League, níbi tí wọ́n ti fi í rọ́pò Serge Gnabry ní ìṣẹ́jú kọkàndínlọ́gọ́ta (69th minute).[14] Ní ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù Kẹrin, Musiala fọ́ àkọsílẹ̀ tí Bayern ti ní láti ọdún 1971–72 fún iye góòlù tó pọ̀ jùlọ tí wọ́n ti gbá ní àsìkò ìdíje kan ṣoṣo, nípa gbígba góòlù kẹtàlélẹ́gbẹ̀rún-ó-lé-kan (101st goal) ti àsìkò náà nínú ìṣẹ́gun 5–0 lórí St. Pauli. Leon Goretzka ló wá fọ́ àkọsílẹ̀ yẹn ní eré kan náà.[15][16] Ní ọjọ́ mẹ́rin lẹ́yìn náà, ó di agbábọ́ọ̀lù ilẹ̀ Germany tó kéré jùlọ ní ọjọ́-orí láti kópa ní ìgbà àádọ́ta (50 appearances) nínú Champions League nínú ìṣẹ́gun 4–3 lórí Real Madrid, ó sì borí àkọsílẹ̀ Thomas Müller, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàlélógún àti ọjọ́ méjì-dínláàádọ́ta.[17] Ó tún ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ (assist) fún góòlù tó mú kí àbájáde eré náà jẹ́ 3–3 ní ìṣẹ́jú kọkàndínlọ́gọ́rùn-ún (89th minute), èyí tí Luis Díaz gbá wọlé.]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Bayern 4-3 Real Madrid (Apr 15, 2026) Final Score|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/match/_/gameId/401862891/real-madrid-bayern-munich|access-date=16 April 2026|website=ESPN|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ní ìpele àgbáyé ==
Musiala, ẹni tí ó tún ní ẹ̀tọ́ láti gbá bọ́ọ̀lù fún Nàìjíríà nípasẹ̀ bàbá rẹ̀, ṣojú àwọn orílẹ̀-èdè England àti Germany ní ìpele àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;bundesliga&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/bayern-munich-sign-chelsea-teenagers-jamal-musiala-bright-arrey-mbi-england-germany-5437|title=Bayern Munich sign 16-year-old Chelsea talents Jamal Musiala and Bright Arrey-Mbi|publisher=Bundesliga|date=2 July 2019|access-date=5 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.dfb.de/datencenter/personen/jamal-musiala/spieler|title=Jamal Musiala - Spielerprofil|publisher=German Football Association|language=de|access-date=13 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Youth ===
[[Fáìlì:Jamal_Musiala_October_2019.jpg|left|thumb|Musiala with England in 2019]]
Ni oṣu kọkanla ọdun 2020, wọn pe Musiala sinu ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu England ti awọn ọdọ ti ko tii pe ọmọ ọdun mọkandinlogun (U21) fun igba akọkọ, fun awọn ere idije lati yege si idije UEFA European Under-21 Championship ti ọdun 2021. O kopa ninu ere akọkọ rẹ fun ẹgbẹ U21 gẹgẹbi aropo lakoko ti wọn ṣẹgun Andorra U21 pẹlu ami ayo 3–1 ni papa iṣere Molineux ni ọjọ kẹtala oṣu kọkanla ọdun 2020. O gba ami ayo akọkọ rẹ fun ẹgbẹ U21 lakoko ti wọn ṣẹgun Albania pẹlu ami ayo 5–0, tun ni papa iṣere Molineux, ni ọjọ kẹtadinlogun oṣu kọkanla ọdun 2020. Lẹhin ti o yan lati gba bọọlu fun ẹgbẹ U21 ti England, ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu ti Germany sọ pe wọn ti dawọ wiwa lati gba Musiala, nibi ti olukọni ẹgbẹ awọn ọdọ Germany, Meikel Schönweitz, ti sọ pe: &quot;O [Musiala] ti fi han wa ni gbangba pe oun ri ọjọ iwaju rẹ pẹlu awọn ẹgbẹ agbabọọlu orilẹ-ede England. A gba ipinnu rẹ, a si fẹ ki ohun gbogbo lọ daadaa fun iṣẹ ere idaraya rẹ.&quot; Musiala ti sọ tẹlẹ pe oun ni itunu diẹ sii lati gba bọọlu fun England ni ipele awọn ọdọ ju Germany lọ, nitori pe o dagba gẹgẹbi agbabọọlu ni Chelsea pẹlu awọn agbabọọlu England miiran, lakoko ti ko mọ ẹnikẹni ninu awọn agbabọọlu Germany miiran..&lt;ref name=&quot;DW&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Bayern Munich's Jamal Musiala in Germany-England tug-of-war|url=https://www.dw.com/en/bayern-munichs-jamal-musiala-in-germany-england-tug-of-war/a-56406533|access-date=2 February 2021|publisher=Deutsche Welle|date=1 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Senior ===
[[Fáìlì:Jamal_Musiala_WC2022.jpg|thumb|Musiala with Germany at the [[2022 FIFA World Cup|2022 World Cup]]]]
Ni ọjọ́ kẹrìnlélógún oṣù Kejì ọdún 2021, Musiala kéde pé òun ti pinnu láti ṣojú orílẹ̀-èdè ìyá òun àti orílẹ̀-èdè tí wọ́n bí òun sí, ìyẹn Germany, ní ìpele àgbáyé.[1][2] Lẹ́yìn náà, wọ́n pè é wọlé fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ sínú ẹgbẹ́ àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù àgbà fún ìdíje ìwọlé-sí-ìdíje Ife Ẹ̀yẹ Àgbáyé FIFA ti ọdún 2022 ní oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2021,[3] ó sì ṣe ìfarahàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹta ọdún 2021 gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí wọ́n fi rọ́pò ẹlòmíràn ní ìṣẹ́jú kọkàndínlọ́gọ́rin nínú eré tí wọ́n fi góòlù mẹ́ta sí òdo (3–0) ṣẹ́gun Iceland.[4] Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Joachim Löw, ẹni tí ó ti jẹ́ olùkọ́ni ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Germany tẹ́lẹ̀ rí, ṣe sọ, ó ṣe ìlérí fún Musiala pé òun yóò pè é wọlé fún ìdíje UEFA Euro 2020 tí ó bá yan Germany dípò England. Löw sọ pé: &quot;Èyí nìkan ni ìgbà tí mo ṣe ìlérí fún agbábọ́ọ̀lù kan nígbà tí mo wà ní ipò olùkọ́ni ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè: Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé kì í ṣe ẹni tí ó máa ń gbá bọ́ọ̀lù déédé ní Bayern, mo sọ fún un pé tí ó bá yàn wá, ó dájú pé yóò kópa nínú ìdíje Euro 2020 ní àsìkò ooru.&quot;.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=18 November 2024|title=Löw reveals how he persuaded Musiala to play for Germany instead of England|url=https://bulinews.com/low-reveals-how-persuaded-musiala-play-for-germany-instead-england|access-date=16 December 2024|website=Bundesliga News in English|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== UEFA Euro 2020 ====
Ni ọjọ́ kọkandinlogun oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2021, wọ́n yan Musiala sínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Jámánì fún ìdíje UEFA Euro 2020.[1] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 2021, ó di agbábọ́ọ̀lù Jámánì tó kéré jùlọ ní ọjọ́-orí láti kópa nínú ìdíje pàtàkì kan fún ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè Jámánì, nígbà tí wọ́n kópa nínú eré tí ó parí sí ìdọ́gba (2–2) pẹ̀lú Hungary; nígbà yẹn, ó jẹ́ ọmọ ọdún méjìdínlógún àti ọjọ́ mọ́kànlélọ́gọ́fà.[2] Nínú eré náà, Musiala ló ṣe ìrànlọ́wọ́ fún Leon Goretzka láti gba góòlù tí ó mú kí eré náà dọ́gba ní ìparí rẹ̀, èyí sì mú kí Jámánì kọjá sí ìpele àwọn ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́rìndínlógún tó kù (round of 16). Wọ́n mú un wọlé gẹ́gẹ́ bí aropo nínú eré ìpele àwọn ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́rìndínlógún náà lòdì sí England, èyí tí Jámánì pàdánù rẹ̀.[3] Nígbà tí ó wà pẹ̀lú ẹgbẹ́ náà fún ìdíje Euro 2020, ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ Leroy Sané fún un ní orúkọ àpèjẹ náà &quot;Bambi&quot; nítorí pé ó ṣì kéré ní ọjọ́-orí àti nítorí ìwà rẹ̀ tó dára. Bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé Musiala ti sọ pé òun ti dàgbà ju orúkọ àpèjẹ náà lọ, ó ṣì gbajúmọ̀ láàárín àwọn olólùfẹ́ bọ́ọ̀lù..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Burton|first1=Chris|title=Who gave Musiala the nickname 'Bambi' with Germany? Gnabry explains while defending Sane from critics|url=https://www.sportingnews.com/ca/j-musiala/news/who-gave-musiala-the-nickname-bambi-with-germany-gnabry-explains-while-defending-sane-from-critics/xljvtj3gi38e172kew6iqdr4k|access-date=11 June 2026|work=The Sporting News|date=26 June 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Germany, Bayern Munich star Jamal Musiala: “I am no longer Bambi”|url=https://www.bavarianfootballworks.com/2024/3/28/24112164/jamal-musiala-bambi-germany-bayern-munich-stardom-thomas-muller-julian-nagelsmann-harry-kane-sane|access-date=11 June 2026|work=Bavarian Football Works|agency=SBNation|date=28 March 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 2022 World Cup qualification ====
Ni ọjọ́ kọkànlá oṣù Kẹwàá ọdún 2021, Musiala gba góòlù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ fún ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Germany nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun North Macedonia pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò mẹ́rin sí odo (4–0); èyí sì sọ ọ́ di agbábọ́ọ̀lù kejì tí ó kéré jùlọ ní ọjọ́-orí láti gba góòlù fún ẹgbẹ́ orílẹ̀-èdè náà—nígbà tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún méjìdínlógún àti ọjọ́ igba ó lé mẹ́tàdínlọ́gbọ̀n (18 years and 227 days)—lẹ́yìn Marius Hiller nìkan, ẹni tí ó wà ní ọmọ ọdún mẹ́tàdínlógún àti ọjọ́ igba ó lé mọ́kànlélógójì (17 years and 241 days) ní ọdún 1910..&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/north-macedonia-germany-live-world-cup-qualifying-line-ups-stats-musiala-sane-17552|title=Jamal Musiala among the goals in North Macedonia as Germany qualify for Qatar 2022|website=Bundesliga|date=11 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 2022 FIFA World Cup ====
Ni ọjọ́ kẹwàá oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2022, wọ́n pe Musiala wọlé fún ìdíje Ife Ẹyẹ Àgbáyé FIFA ti ọdún 2022 ní Qatar.[1] Ní ọjọ́ kẹtàlélógún oṣù kọkànlá, ó kópa nínú Ife Ẹyẹ Àgbáyé fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ nígbà tí ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré lòdì sí Japan; èyí sọ ọ́ di ọ̀dọ́mọdé ará Jámánì àkọ́kọ́ láti kópa nínú ìdíje náà láti ọdún 1958, àti agbábọ́ọ̀lù ará Jámánì kẹrin tó kéré jùlọ ní ọjọ́-orí (ní ọmọ ọdún mọ́kàndínlógún àti ọjọ́ igba ó lé àádọ́rin) láti kópa nínú Ife Ẹyẹ Àgbáyé rí, lẹ́yìn Karl-Heinz Schnellinger, Leopold Neumer àti Edmund Conen nìkan.[2] Nínú eré kan náà, wọ́n mú Youssoufa Moukoko wọlé gẹ́gẹ́ bí aropo ní ìṣẹ́jú àgọ́kàn-dín-lọ́gọ́rùn-ún (90th minute), èyí sì sọ ọ́ di ẹni tó kéré jùlọ láé, Musiala sì wá di ẹni karùn-ún.[3] Ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kejìlá, ó ṣe àṣeyọrí nínú gbígbé bọ́ọ̀lù kọjá àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù ọ̀tá (dribbles) ní ìgbà mẹ́tàlá—èyí tí ó kù díẹ̀ kí ó dé iye mẹ́ẹ̀dógún tí Jay-Jay Okocha ṣe ní ọdún 1994—nígbà tí wọ́n ṣẹ́gun Costa Rica pẹ̀lú àmì-ayò mẹ́rin sí méjì (4–2); síbẹ̀, wọ́n yọ Jámánì kúrò nínú ìdíje náà ní ìpele àwọn ẹgbẹ́ (group stage) fún ìgbà kejì títẹ̀lé-n-tẹ̀lé ní Ife Ẹyẹ Àgbáyé, níwọ̀n bí wọ́n ti parí ní ipò kẹta nínú ẹgbẹ́ wọn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/news-gives-us-lionel-messi-vibes-fans-believe-germany-star-doesn-t-deserve-go-fifa-world-cup-performance-costa-rica|title=&quot;Gives us Lionel Messi vibes&quot; – Fans believe Germany star doesn't deserve to go out of the FIFA World Cup after performance against Costa Rica|website=Sportskeeda|date=1 December 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== UEFA Euro 2024 ====
Ni ọjọ́ keje oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 2024, wọ́n yan Musiala sínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù Germany fún ìdíje UEFA Euro 2024 tí wọ́n gbà ní ilẹ̀ wọn.[1] Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù Kẹfà, wọ́n yàn án gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó dára jùlọ nínú eré ìṣípayá ìdíje náà lòdì sí Scotland,[2] níbi tí ó ti gba góòlù kan nínú ìṣẹ́gun 5–1; èyí sọ ọ́ di agbábọ́ọ̀lù Germany kejì tó kéré jùlọ ní ọjọ́-orí láti gba góòlù nínú ìdíje náà, níwọ̀n bí ó ti ju ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ Florian Wirtz lọ ní ọjọ́ mẹ́tàdínláàádọ́ta (67 days).[3] Ó gba góòlù kan ní ìṣẹ́jú kejì-lé-lọ́gọ́ta (68th minute) fún Germany lòdì sí Denmark nínú eré ìpele àwọn ẹgbẹ́ mẹ́rìndínlógún (round of 16) ní ọjọ́ kọkàndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù Kẹfà.[4] Ní ọjọ́ karùn-ún oṣù Keje, Musiala kópa nínú gbogbo eré náà nígbà tí orílẹ̀-èdè Spain—tí ó wá di aṣíwájú nínú ìdíje náà ní parí—yọ Germany kúrò ní ìpele mẹ́rin-ìparí (quarter-finals). Pẹ̀lú àpapọ̀ góòlù mẹ́ta nínú ìdíje náà, wọ́n fún Musiala ní àmì-ẹ̀yẹ 'Golden Boot' (fún ẹni tó gba góòlù púpọ̀ jùlọ), èyí tí ó pín pẹ̀lú àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù márùn-ún mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.espn.com/football/story/_/id/40558317/euro-2024-golden-boot-harry-kane-dani-olmo-6-winners|title=Euro 2024 Golden Boot: Harry Kane, Dani Olmo among 6 winners|website=ESPN|date=14 July 2024|access-date=15 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 2026 FIFA World Cup ====


Ni ọjọ́ kọkànlélógún oṣù Karùn-ún ọdún 2026, wọ́n yan Musiala sínú ẹgbẹ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù orílẹ̀-èdè Jámánì tí ó ní àwọn agbábọ́ọ̀lù mẹ́rìndínlógún-lé-lẹ́wàá fún ìdíje Ife Àgbáyé FIFA ti ọdún 2026. Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìnlá oṣù Kẹfà ọdún 2026, ó gba góòlù àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ rí nínú ìdíje Ife Àgbáyé fún Jámánì nínú eré àkọ́kọ́ wọn, èyí tí wọ́n fi ayò méje sí ọ̀kan (7–1) ṣẹ́gun orílẹ̀-èdè Curaçao.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/germany-curacao-highlights-match-report|title=Germany put seven past debutants Curaçao|date=14 June 2026|access-date=14 June 2026|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọ̀nà ìṣeré ==
[[Fáìlì:2022_FIFA_World_Cup_Germany_1–2_Japan_-_(8)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Musiala in 2022]]
Gẹ́gẹ́ bí agbábọ́ọ̀lù tí ó ní agbára láti kópa ní onírúurú ipò, Musiala lè gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní ipò ìkọlù tàbí àárín pápá, bótilẹ̀jẹ́pé ó fẹ́ràn láti máa gbá bọ́ọ̀lù ní apá òsì pápá.[1] Wọ́n mọ Musiala fún ọgbọ́n rẹ̀ láti máa fi bọ́ọ̀lù sí nítòsí ẹsẹ̀ rẹ̀ nígbà tí ó bá ń sáré pẹ̀lú rẹ̀, ó sì lè borí àwọn alátakò nípasẹ̀ àwọn ìṣesí àti ọgbọ́n àrékérekè láti tan wọ́n jẹ.[2] Wọ́n tún mọ ọ́n fún agbára rẹ̀ láti rí ààyè tó dára ní pápá àti fún bí ó ṣe máa ń kọjá bọ́ọ̀lù fún àwọn ẹlẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ lọ́nà tó péye. Hansi Flick, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ olùkọ́ni rẹ̀ tẹ́lẹ̀ ní Bayern Munich, sọ pé, &quot;Ó ní ojú tó dára àti òye láti yan àwọn ààyè tó tọ́. Ó ní ìgboyà púpọ̀ nígbà tí bọ́ọ̀lù bá wà ní ẹsẹ̀ rẹ̀, ó sì lè gbá bọ́ọ̀lù dáadáa ní àárín àwọn ipò àwọn alátakò.&quot;[1] Wọ́n ti sábà máa ń ṣàpèjúwe Musiala gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀kan lára ​​àwọn ọ̀dọ́ agbábọ́ọ̀lù tó dára jùlọ ní àgbáyé.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=1 April 2024|title=The best players in the world - ranked|url=https://www.90min.com/posts/best-players-in-the-world|access-date=5 August 2024|website=90min.com|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{refn|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Veth |first=Manuel |title=Jamal Musiala: Is The Bayern Munich Star The Best In The Bundesliga? |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/manuelveth/2022/10/22/jamal-musiala-is-the-bayern-munich-star-the-best-in-the-bundesliga/ |access-date=19 February 2023 |website=Forbes |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jamal Musiala: Who is the Bayern Munich and Germany teen sensation? |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/who-is-jamal-musiala-bayern-munich-s-half-england-germany-star-of-the-future-11525 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=&quot;Jude Bellingham and Jamal Musiala the standout players in 2022&quot; - Philipp Lahm |url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/jude-bellingham-jamal-musiala-best-players-in-2022-philipp-lahm-interview-22102 |access-date=19 February 2023 |website=bundesliga.com - the official Bundesliga website |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Telford |first=Stuart |date=1 December 2022 |title=Jamal Musiala, the shy 'Bambi' who became the world's best teenager |url=https://www.footballtransfers.com/us/transfer-news/de-bundesliga/2022/12/jamal-musiala-shy-bambi-world-s-best-teenager-us |access-date=19 February 2023 |website=www.footballtransfers.com |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Germany's own Messi? Jamal Musiala arrives at the World Cup as a genuine Ballon d'Or contender {{!}} Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/germany-own-messi-musiala-world-cup-ballon-dor-contender/blt87ed762d841f37c2 |access-date=19 February 2023 |website=www.goal.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.90min.com/posts/best-players-in-the-world |website=www.90min.com |title=The best young players in the world - ranked |date=7 June 2024 |access-date= 14 June 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Jamal Musiala isn't just Euro 2024's best young player, he's the best overall so far|url=https://www.foxsports.com/stories/soccer/jamal-musiala-isnt-just-euro-2024s-best-young-player-he-is-the-best-overall-so-far|access-date=5 August 2024|website=FOX Sports|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Awọn iṣiro iṣẹ ==

=== Egbé ===
{{Updated|match played 23 May 2026}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/jamal-musiala/549753/|title=J. Musiala: Summary|website=Soccerway|publisher=Perform Group|access-date=5 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Club
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Season
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |League
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[DFB-Pokal]]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[UEFA#Club|Europe]]
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Other
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[FC Bayern Munich II|Bayern Munich II]]
|[[2019–20 3. Liga|2019–20]]
|[[3. Liga]]
|8
|2
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|8
|2
|-
|[[2020–21 3. Liga|2020–21]]
|3. Liga
|2
|0
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
|2
|0
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!10
!2
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |—
!10
!2
|-
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |[[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]]
|[[2019–20 FC Bayern Munich season|2019–20]]
|[[Bundesliga]]
|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|1
|0
|-
|[[2020–21 FC Bayern Munich season|2020–21]]
|Bundesliga
|26
|6
|2
|0
|6{{efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]|name=UCL}}
|1
|3{{efn|One appearance in [[DFL-Supercup]], two appearances in [[FIFA Club World Cup]]}}
|0
|37
|7
|-
|[[2021–22 FC Bayern Munich season|2021–22]]
|Bundesliga
|30
|5
|1
|2
|8{{efn|name=UCL}}
|1
|1{{efn|Appearance in DFL-Supercup|name=GSC}}
|0
|40
|8
|-
|[[2022–23 FC Bayern Munich season|2022–23]]
|Bundesliga
|33
|12
|4
|3
|9{{efn|name=UCL}}
|0
|1{{efn|name=GSC}}
|1
|47
|16
|-
|[[2023–24 FC Bayern Munich season|2023–24]]
|Bundesliga
|24
|10
|2
|0
|11{{efn|name=UCL}}
|2
|1{{efn|name=GSC}}
|0
|38
|12
|-
|[[2024–25 FC Bayern Munich season|2024–25]]
|Bundesliga
|25
|12
|3
|3
|12{{efn|name=UCL}}
|3
|4{{efn|Appearances in FIFA Club World Cup}}
|3
|44
|21
|-
|[[2025–26 FC Bayern Munich season|2025–26]]
|Bundesliga
|15
|3
|3
|0
|6{{efn|name=UCL}}
|2
|0
|0
|24
|5
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!154
!48
!15
!8
!52
!9
!10
!4
!231
!69
|-
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Career total
!164
!50
!15
!8
!52
!9
!10
!4
!241
!71
|}
{{notelist}}

=== International ===
{{updated|match played 29 June 2026}}&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot;&gt;{{NFT player|id=81941|name=Jamal Musiala|access-date=5 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+Appearances and goals by national team and year
!National team
!Year
!Apps
!Goals
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |[[Germany national football team|Germany]]
|2021
|9
|1
|-
|2022
|11
|0
|-
|2023
|5
|1
|-
|2024
|13
|5
|-
|2025
|2
|1
|-
|2026
|6
|2
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Total
!46
!10
|}
{{updated|match played 14 June 2026}}

: ''Germany score listed first, score column indicates score after each Musiala goal''&lt;ref name=&quot;NFT&quot; /&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+List of international goals scored by Jamal Musiala
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |No.
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Date
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Venue
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Cap
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Opponent
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Score
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Result
! scope=&quot;col&quot; |Competition
! scope=&quot;col&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |{{abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1
|11 October 2021
|[[Toše Proeski Arena]], Skopje, North Macedonia
| align=&quot;center&quot; |9
|{{fb|MKD}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4–0
|[[2022 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group J|2022 FIFA World Cup qualification]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://uk.soccerway.com/matches/2021/10/11/europe/wc-qualifying-europe/macedonia-fyr/germany/3430261/|title=North Macedonia vs. Germany 0–4: Summary|website=Soccerway|publisher=Perform Group|access-date=5 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2
|14 October 2023
|[[Pratt &amp; Whitney Stadium at Rentschler Field|Pratt &amp; Whitney Stadium]], East Hartford, United States
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|{{fb|USA}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3–1
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3–1
|[[Friendly (association football)|Friendly]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2023/10/14/world/friendlies/united-states-of-america/germany/4077184/|title=United States vs. Germany 1–3: Summary|website=Soccerway|publisher=Perform Group|access-date=14 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3
|14 June 2024
|[[Allianz Arena]], Munich, Germany
| align=&quot;center&quot; |30
|{{fb|SCO}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5–1
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[UEFA Euro 2024 Group A|UEFA Euro 2024]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/euro2024/news/028e-1b2203012638-25d41b72cf92-1000--germany-5-1-scotland-hosts-hit-ground-running-in-munich/|title=Germany 5–1 Scotland: Hosts hit ground running in Munich|publisher=UEFA|date=14 June 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4
|19 June 2024
|[[MHPArena]], Stuttgart, Germany
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|{{fb|HUN}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.foxsports.com/articles/soccer/more-musiala-magic-sees-germany-beat-hungary-20-and-reach-euro-2024-knockout-stage|title=More Musiala magic sees Germany beat Hungary 2–0 and reach Euro 2024 knockout stage|work=foxsports.com|date=19 June 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5
|29 June 2024
|[[Westfalenstadion]], Dortmund, Germany
| align=&quot;center&quot; |33
|{{fb|DEN}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
|[[UEFA Euro 2024 knockout stage|UEFA Euro 2024]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/euro2024/news/028e-1b40347474d2-c768c9f41684-1000--germany-2-0-denmark-musiala-seals-hosts-quarter-final-spot/|title=Germany 2–0 Denmark: Musiala seals hosts' quarter-final spot|publisher=[[UEFA]]|date=29 June 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |6
|7 September 2024
|[[Merkur Spiel-Arena]], Düsseldorf, Germany
| align=&quot;center&quot; |35
|{{fb|HUN}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |5–0
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |[[2024–25 UEFA Nations League A]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |7
|16 November 2024
|[[Europa-Park Stadion]], Freiburg, Germany
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|{{fb|BIH}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |1–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |7–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |8
|23 March 2025
|[[Westfalenstadion]], Dortmund, Germany
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|{{fb|ITA}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |2–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |3–3
| align=&quot;center&quot; |
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |9
|31 May 2026
|[[Mewa Arena]], Mainz, Germany
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|{{fb|FIN}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4–0
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4–0
|[[Friendly (association football)|Friendly]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|14 June 2026
|[[NRG Stadium]], Houston, United States
| align=&quot;center&quot; |43
|{{fb|CUW}}
| align=&quot;center&quot; |4–1
| align=&quot;center&quot; |7–1
|[[2026 FIFA World Cup Group E|2026 FIFA World Cup]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; |
|}

== Honours ==
'''Bayern Munich'''

* [[Bundesliga]]: [[2019–20 Bundesliga|2019–20]],&lt;ref name=&quot;footmercato.net&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Palmarès Jamal Musiala, Trophée Collectif &amp; Individuel|url=https://www.footmercato.net/joueur/jamal-musiala/palmares|access-date=22 December 2022|website=Foot Mercato : Info Transferts Football – Actu Foot Transfert|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2020–21 Bundesliga|2020–21]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/bayern-munich-crowned-german-champions-2020-21-lewandowski-flick-davies-15756|title=Bayern Munich crowned Bundesliga champions|publisher=Bundesliga|date=8 May 2021|access-date=8 May 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2021–22 Bundesliga|2021–22]],&lt;ref name=&quot;bundesliga.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Unstoppable Bayern Munich make it 10 Bundesliga titles on the bounce with Klassiker win over Borussia Dortmund|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/bayern-munich-borussia-dortmund-live-team-news-match-stats-lewandowski-haaland-19611|access-date=24 April 2022|publisher=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2022–23 Bundesliga|2022–23]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Dortmund draw gifts Bayern title on thrilling final day|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65714772|access-date=27 May 2023|work=BBC Sport|date=27 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527160105/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/65714772|archive-date=27 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2024–25 Bundesliga|2024–25]],&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=4 May 2025|title=FC Bayern München deutscher Meister 2025: Leverkusen patzt gegen Freiburg in Bundesliga|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/sport/fussball/bundesliga/fc-bayern-muenchen-deutscher-meister-2025-leverkusen-patzt-gegen-freiburg-in-bundesliga-110402738.html|access-date=4 May 2025|website=FAZ.NET|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2025–26 Bundesliga|2025–26]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.kicker.de/bayern-gegen-stuttgart-2026-bundesliga-5051012/spielbericht|title=Bayern dreht nach Rückstand auf und kürt sich vorzeitig zum Deutschen Meister|language=de|website=kicker.de|date=19 April 2026|access-date=19 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[DFB-Pokal]]: [[2025–26 DFB-Pokal|2025–26]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.kicker.de/bayern-gegen-stuttgart-2026-dfb-pokal-5199090/ticker|title=Hattrick Kane: Bayern gewinnt nach sechs Jahren Wartezeit den DFB-Pokal|language=de|website=kicker.de|date=23 May 2026|access-date=23 May 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[DFL-Supercup]]: [[2020 DFL-Supercup|2020]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.kicker.de/bayern-gegen-dortmund-2020-dfl-supercup-4654909/aufstellung|title=Supercup 2020, Finale: Bayern München 3:2 Borussia Dortmund: Takt. aufstellung|trans-title=Supercup 2020, Final: Bayern Munich 3:2 Borussia Dortmund: Tactical lineup|website=kicker|publisher=Olympia-Verlag|access-date=6 October 2020|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2021 DFL-Supercup|2021]],&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Robert Lewandowski double as Bayern Munich overcome Borussia Dortmund to win the Supercup|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/borussia-dortmund-bayern-munich-live-supercup-line-ups-stats-haaland-lewandowski-16902|access-date=11 October 2021|website=Bundesliga Official|publisher=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2022 DFL-Supercup|2022]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=30 July 2022|title=Sadio Mane debut goal helps Bayern Munich to Supercup win over RB Leipzig|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/rb-leipzig-bayern-munich-live-supercup-team-news-match-stats-mane-de-ligt-20652|access-date=18 April 2023|website=Bundesliga|language=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[UEFA Champions League]]: [[2019–20 UEFA Champions League|2019–20]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://fcbayern.com/en/teams/first-team/jamal-musiala|title=Jamal Musiala's titles at Bayern Munich|website=fcbayern.com|access-date=23 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[UEFA Super Cup]]: [[2020 UEFA Super Cup|2020]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.kicker.de/bayern-gegen-fc-sevilla-2020-uefa-supercup-4651922/analyse|title=Joker Javi Martinez köpft Bayern zum Supercup|language=de|website=kicker|publisher=Olympia-Verlag|date=24 September 2020|access-date=24 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[FIFA Club World Cup]]: [[2020 FIFA Club World Cup|2020]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/clubworldcup/news/amp/pavard-completes-sextuple-for-dominant-bayern|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211201846/https://www.fifa.com/clubworldcup/news/amp/pavard-completes-sextuple-for-dominant-bayern|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 February 2021|title=Pavard completes sextuple for dominant Bayern|publisher=FIFA|date=11 February 2021|access-date=11 February 2021|archivedate=22 February 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222140618/https://www.fifa.com/clubworldcup/news/amp/pavard-completes-sextuple-for-dominant-bayern|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Bayern Munich II'''

* [[3. Liga]]: [[2019–20 3. Liga|2019–20]]

'''Individual'''

* [[IFFHS World Youth (U20) Team|IFFHS Men's Youth (U20) World Team]]: 2021,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=IFFHS MEN'S YOUTH (U20) WORLD TEAM OF THE YEAR 2021|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-mens-youth-u20-world-team-of-the-year-2021-1514|publisher=International Federation of Football History &amp; Statistics|date=9 December 2021|access-date=10 December 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209090816/https://www.iffhs.com/posts/1514|archive-date=9 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2022,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=IFFHS MEN'S WORLD YOUTH (U20) TEAM 2022|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-mens-world-youth-u20-team-2022-2468|date=12 January 2023|access-date=15 August 2026|archive-date=15 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215004954/https://iffhs.com/posts/2468|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2023&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=5 January 2024|title=IFFHS MEN'S YOUTH (U20) WORLD TEAM 2023|url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/iffhs-mens-youth-u20-world-team-2023-3301|access-date=5 January 2024|website=IFFHS|archive-date=6 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106003326/https://iffhs.com/posts/3301|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Bundesliga]] Rookie of the Month: [[2020–21 Bundesliga#Monthly awards|April 2021]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rookie Award&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Bundesliga Rookie Award|url=https://www.rookie-award.com|access-date=9 October 2020|publisher=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Bundesliga]] Goal of the Month: [[2023–24 Bundesliga#Monthly awards|March 2024]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Jamal Musiala wins March's Bundesliga Goal of the Month award!|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/goal-of-the-month-vote-17205|date=10 April 2024|access-date=13 April 2024|publisher=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2024–25 Bundesliga#Monthly awards|November 2024]], February 2025&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Jamal Musiala wins November's Bundesliga Goal of the Month!|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/2024-25-goal-of-the-month-season-vote-28780|date=10 December 2024|access-date=10 December 2024|publisher=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Bundesliga]] Team of the Season: [[2022–23 Bundesliga#Team of the season|2022–23]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=The official Bundesliga Team of the Season 2022/23|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/team-of-the-season-2022-23-vote-fifa-ea-sports-fut23-23319|date=13 May 2023|access-date=18 May 2023|publisher=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2023–24 Bundesliga#Team of the season|2023–24]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Bundesliga Team of the Season 2023/24 by EA FC 24!|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/vote-now-for-the-bundesliga-team-of-the-season-2023-24-with-ea-fc-24-26961|date=3 May 2024|access-date=3 May 2024|publisher=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2024–25 Bundesliga#Team of the season|2024–25]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=The EA FC 25 Bundesliga Team of the Season 2024/25|url=https://www.bundesliga.com/en/bundesliga/news/team-of-the-season-2024-25-voting-best-players-ea-fc25-easports-31723|date=9 May 2025|access-date=9 May 2025|publisher=Bundesliga}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ''[[Kicker (sports magazine)|kicker]]'' Bundesliga Team of the Season: [[2021–22 Bundesliga#Team of the season|2021–22]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=26 May 2022|title=Sechs Klubs vertreten: Die kicker-Elf der Saison 2021/22|url=https://www.kicker.de/sechs-klubs-vertreten-die-kicker-elf-der-saison-2021-22-902859/artikel|access-date=15 November 2022|website=[[Kicker (magazine)|Kicker]]|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2022–23 Bundesliga#Team of the season|2022–23]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=8 June 2023|title=Bayern, BVB, Freiburg und RB doppelt vertreten: Die kicker-Elf der Saison|url=https://www.kicker.de/bayern-bvb-freiburg-und-rb-doppelt-vertreten-die-kicker-elf-der-saison-954763/artikel|access-date=8 June 2023|website=[[Kicker (magazine)|Kicker]]|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Vereinigung der Vertragsfußballspieler#Team of the Season|VDV Bundesliga Team of the Season]]: [[2022–23 Bundesliga|2022–23]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.spielergewerkschaft.de/de/VDV/Aktuelles/Detail/1625/Aktuelles-%7C-VDV-11-%7C-2022%2F2023.htm|title=Jude Bellingham ist VDV-Spieler der Saison|publisher=VDV|language=de|date=7 June 2023|access-date=7 June 2023|archive-date=13 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613063410/https://www.spielergewerkschaft.de/de/VDV/Aktuelles/Detail/1625/Aktuelles-%7C-VDV-11-%7C-2022%2F2023.htm|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2023–24 Bundesliga|2023–24]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.spielergewerkschaft.de/de/vdv/news/244/Aktuelles-%7C-VDV-11-%7C-Wahlergebnisse.htm|title=Florian Wirtz ist VDV-Spieler der Saison|publisher=VDV|language=de|date=27 May 2024|access-date=27 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[2024–25 Bundesliga|2024–25]]&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Florian Wirtz ist erneut VDV-Spieler der Saison|url=https://www.spielergewerkschaft.de/de/vdv/news/337/Aktuelles-%7C-VDV-11-24/25-%7C-Wahlergebnisse.htm|date=28 May 2025|access-date=28 May 2025|publisher=VDV|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Germany national football team#Player of the Year|Germany national Player of the Year]]: 2022,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=20 January 2023|title=Musiala ist &quot;Nationalspieler des Jahres&quot;|url=http://fanclub.dfb.de/artikel/musiala-ist-nationalspieler-des-jahres-247749/|access-date=21 January 2023|website=DFB – Deutscher Fußball-Bund e.V.|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2024&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=12 December 2024|title=Jamal Musiala ist Nationalspieler des Jahres 2024|url=https://www.dfb.de/news/jamal-musiala-ist-nationalspieler-des-jahres-2024|website=DFB – Deutscher Fußball-Bund e.V.|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Kopa Trophy]] runner-up: [[2023 Ballon d'Or#Kopa Trophy|2023]]
* [[UEFA European Championship awards#Top goalscorer|UEFA European Championship top scorer]]: [[UEFA Euro 2024|2024]] &lt;small&gt;(shared)&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.uefa.com/euro2024/top-scorer/|title=UEFA EURO 2024 Top Goalscorer|publisher=UEFA|date=17 July 2024|access-date=17 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[UEFA European Championship awards#Team of the Tournament|UEFA European Championship Team of the Tournament]]: [[UEFA Euro 2024#Awards|2024]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.uefa.com/euro2024/news/028f-1b61a0e91074-427664e9bbfe-1000--uefa-euro-2024-team-of-the-tournament/|title=UEFA EURO 2024 Team of the Tournament|publisher=UEFA|date=16 July 2024|access-date=16 July 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}

* [https://fcbayern.com/en/teams/first-team/jamal-musiala Profile] at the FC Bayern Munich website
* {{DFB}}
* {{UEFA player}}

{{FC Bayern Munich squad}}{{Navboxes|title=Germany squads|bg=white|fg=black|bordercolor=black|list1={{Germany squad UEFA Euro 2020}}
{{Germany squad 2022 FIFA World Cup}}
{{Germany squad UEFA Euro 2024}}
{{Germany squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}}}}{{Navboxes|title=Awards|bg=gold|fg=navy|list={{UEFA European Championship top scorers}}
{{UEFA Euro 2024 Team of the Tournament}}
{{2021–22 kicker Bundesliga Team of the Season}}
{{2022–23 kicker Bundesliga Team of the Season}}
{{Germany Player of the Year}}}}{{Authority control}}</text>
      <sha1>mg8v32pa9s6eb4vj55q4tklz94z8554</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Israel Adesanya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83552</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637778</id>
      <parentid>635821</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:01:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637778</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21160" sha1="83aklbidxex2jf6dvu7i1mveyagud8u" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Nigerian and New Zealand mixed martial artist (born 1989)}}
{{redirect|Stylebender|the 2023 film|Stylebender (film)}}
{{Pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}

{{Use New Zealand English|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox martial artist
| name             = Israel Adesanya
| image            = Israel Adesanya at UFC 230.jpg
| image_size       = 
| caption          = Adesanya at UFC 230 in 2018
| birth_name       = Israel Mobolaji Temitayo Odunayo Oluwafemi Owolabi Adesanya&lt;ref name=&quot;fn&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=BoxRec: Israel Adesanya|url=https://boxrec.com/en/proboxer/703721|access-date=9 April 2021|website=boxrec.com|archive-date=28 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528110814/https://boxrec.com/en/proboxer/703721|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_date       = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1989|07|22}}
| birth_place      = [[Lagos]], Nigeria
| nickname         = The Last Stylebender
| nationality      = Nigerian&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=6 October 2019 |title=Nigeria's Adesanya beats Whittaker to become undisputed middleweight champion |url=https://guardian.ng/sport/other/nigerias-adesanya-beats-whittaker-to-become-undisputed-middleweight-champion/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=9 April 2023 |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US |archive-date=11 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411190306/https://guardian.ng/sport/other/nigerias-adesanya-beats-whittaker-to-become-undisputed-middleweight-champion/ |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt; New Zealander
| height           = {{height|ft=6|in=4}}
| height_footnote  = 
| weight           = 185 lb
| weight_footnote  = 
| weight_class     = [[Middleweight (MMA)|Middleweight]] (2012–present) &lt;br&gt; [[Light Heavyweight (MMA)|Light Heavyweight]] (2021)
| reach            = 80 in&lt;ref name=UFCprofile&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ufc.com/athlete/israel-adesanya|title=Israel Adesanya {{!}} UFC|website=UFC.com|date=14 September 2018|access-date=19 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| reach_footnote   = 
| style            = [[Kickboxing]]
| stance           = Switch&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Stats {{!}} UFC|url=http://ufcstats.com/fighter-details/1338e2c7480bdf9e|access-date=7 March 2021|website=ufcstats.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| fighting_out_of  = [[Auckland]], New Zealand
| team             = [[City Kickboxing]] (2009–2026)&lt;ref name=&quot;av&quot;&gt;{{Citation|title= UFC: Israel Adesanya parts ways with City Kickboxing to continue MMA career |url= https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/ufc-israel-adesanya-parts-ways-with-city-kickboxing-to-continue-mma-career/HT5TL4P6DFHNVNJONSSAKWYAAQ/ |website=NZ Herald|date=10 July 2026|access-date=10 July 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| trainer          = [[Eugene Bareman]] (head coach)&lt;br&gt;Andrei Păuleț (wrestling)&lt;ref name=&quot;Romania&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot;/&gt;
| rank             = Purple belt in [[Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu]] under [[André Galvão]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://bjjtribes.com/israel-adesenya-promoted-to-purple-belt-by-andre-galvao/|title=Israel Adesenya Promoted To Purple Belt By Andre Galvao|publisher=BJJTribes|date=8 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| years_active     = 2010–present
| box_win          = 5
| box_kowin        = 1
| box_loss         = 1
| box_koloss       = 
| box_draw         = 
| box_nc           = 
| kickbox_win      = 75
| kickbox_kowin    = 27
| kickbox_loss     = 5
| kickbox_koloss   = 1
| kickbox_draw     = 
| kickbox_nc       = 
| mma_kowin        = 16
| mma_subwin       = 
| mma_decwin       = 8
| mma_dqwin        = 
| mma_otherwin     = 
| mma_koloss       = 3
| mma_subloss      = 1
| mma_decloss      = 2
| mma_dqloss       = 
| mma_otherloss    = 
| mma_draw         = 
| mma_nc           = 
| website          = 
| boxrec           = 703721
| sherdog          = 56374
| module             ={{infobox youtuber
| child = yes | youtube_handle        = FreeStylebender
| youtube_display_name  = FREESTYLEBENDER
| youtube_years_active  = 
| youtube_genre         = 
| youtube_subscribers   = 1.31 million&lt;!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE WITHOUT UPDATING stats_update BELOW --&gt;
| youtube_views         = 217.5 million&lt;!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE WITHOUT UPDATING stats_update BELOW --&gt;
| stats_update        = 17 January 2026
}}
}} 

'''Israel Mobolaji Temitayo Odunayo Oluwafemi Owolabi Adesanya'''&lt;ref name=&quot;fn&quot;/&gt; (tí wọ́n bí ní ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù keje ọdún 1989) jẹ́ eléré ìjà [[mixed martial arts|mixed martial artist]], [[Kickboxing|Ìjà-kúùkù-àti-ẹsẹ̀]] tẹ́lẹ̀, àti [[professional boxing|ìjà]] ará Nigeria-New Zealand.&lt;ref name=&quot;bs&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&amp;objectid=11996821|title=New Israel Adesanya was bullied as a child – now he's a New Zealand fight sensation|last=Reive|first=Christopher|date=20 February 2018|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|access-date=4 November 2018|language=en-NZ|issn=1170-0777|archivedate=4 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104130214/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&amp;objectid=11996821|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Gẹ́gẹ́ bí mixed martial artist, ó ń díje lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ nínú ẹ̀ka ìjà [[Middleweight (MMA)|Middleweight]] ti [[Ultimate Fighting Championship]] (UFC), níbi tí ó jẹ́ [[List of UFC champions#Middleweight Championship|Àṣàṣorí Middleweight UFC]] tẹ́lẹ̀ ní ìgbà méjì. Nínú kickboxing, ó jẹ́ olùdíje àkọlé [[Glory (kickboxing)#Glory Middleweight Championship|Glory Middleweight Championship]] tẹ́lẹ̀. Ní ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2026, ó wà ní ipò #10 nínú [[Meta Platforms|Meta]] [[UFC rankings#Middleweight|àkọsílẹ̀ ipò middleweight UFC]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=UFC Rankings, Division Rankings, P4P rankings, UFC Champions {{!}} UFC.com |url=https://www.ufc.com/rankings |access-date=22 August 2026|website=www.ufc.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìgbésí ayé ==

Wọ́n bí Adesanya ní [[Ìlú Èkó]], Nigeria, ó jẹ́ àkọ́bí nínú àwọn ọmọ márùn-ún.&lt;ref name=&quot;bs&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=How Israel Adesanya's roots led him on a journey to the brink of UFC stardom {{!}} ESPN MMA| date=3 October 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8CKRIFr_U8|language=en|access-date=19 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bàbá rẹ̀, Oluwafemi,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://fansided.com/2020/09/27/israel-adesanya-reveals-got-ditched-pink-hair-look-ufc-253/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310200952/https://fansided.com/2020/09/27/israel-adesanya-reveals-got-ditched-pink-hair-look-ufc-253/|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 March 2021|title = Israel Adesanya finally reveals why he ditched the pink hair look before UFC 253|date = 27 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; jẹ́ onímọ̀-ìṣirò, ìyá rẹ̀ Taiwo, sì jẹ́ nọ́ọ̀sì.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://nigeriamonthly.ng/israel-mobolaji-adesanya-the-last-stylebender/|title=Israel Mobolaji Adesanya: The Last Stylebender|date=3 August 2019|work=Nigeria Monthly|access-date=14 November 2019|archive-date=3 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603154049/https://nigeriamonthly.ng/israel-mobolaji-adesanya-the-last-stylebender/|url-status=dead|archivedate=3 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603154049/https://nigeriamonthly.ng/israel-mobolaji-adesanya-the-last-stylebender/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó jẹ́ ọmọ ìran [[Yoruba people|Yorùbá]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Sports |first=Pulse |date=2024-07-02 |title=Israel Adesanya: All you need to know about Lagos-born MMA star |url=https://www.pulsesports.ng/mma-and-combat-sports/story/israel-adesanya-all-you-need-to-know-about-lagos-born-mma-star-2024070219223293349 |access-date=2024-08-13 |website=Pulse Sports Nigeria |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mahapatra |first=Akshyay Srichandan |date=2021-06-07 |title=Where is Israel Adesanya From and What is His Ethnicity? |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/mma-ufc-news-where-is-israel-adesanya-from-and-what-is-his-ethnicity/ |access-date=2024-08-13 |website=EssentiallySports |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adesanya lọ sí [[Chrisland Schools|Chrisland School, Opebi]], ó sì forúkọ sílẹ̀ nínú ẹgbẹ́ [[Taekwondo]] lẹ́yìn ilé-ìwé títí tí ìyá rẹ̀ fi yọ ọ́ kúrò nítorí ìfarapa kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;bs&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://fansided.com/2019/02/08/why-a-young-israel-adesanya-was-booted-from-martial-arts-i-was-kicking-everything-in-the-house/|title=Israel Adesanya was booted from martial arts: 'I was kicking everything in the house'|date=8 February 2019|website=FanSided|language=en-US|access-date=19 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;as&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mmaindia.com/photos-israel-adesanya-story/|title=Photos: The Israel Adesanya Story|date=13 April 2018|website=MMA India|language=en-US|access-date=19 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 1999, ó ṣí lọ sí [[Ghana]] pẹ̀lú ìdílé rẹ̀ fún oṣù mẹ́wàá,&lt;ref name=&quot;av&quot;/&gt; ṣùgbọ́n nítorí àwọn òbí rẹ̀ fẹ́ kí àwọn ọmọ wọn ká ìwé ẹ̀kọ́ gíga tí ó yè koro,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mmafighting.com/2018/12/24/18068364/from-nigeria-to-new-zealand-israel-adesanya-is-on-a-quest-to-earn-a-masters-degree-in-ass-whooping|title=From Nigeria to New Zealand, Israel Adesanya is on a quest to earn a 'masters degree in ass whooping'|last=Youngs|first=Jose|date=24 December 2020|website=MMA Fighting|language=en|access-date=19 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó tẹ̀dó sí [[Rotorua]], New Zealand, ní ọmọ ọdún orí mẹ́wàá&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/other-sports/101326418/its-go-time-for-kiwi-israel-adesanya-as-he-finally-arrives-in-the-ufc|title='It's go time' for Kiwi Israel Adesanya as he finally arrives in the UFC|date=10 February 2018|work=NZ Stuff|access-date=10 February 2018|language=en-NZ}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì lọ sí [[Rotorua Boys' High School]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.sportingnews.com/au/mma/news/ufc-221-israel-adesanya-the-pain-behind-israel-adesanyas-rise-to-the-ufc/1vzyzywlkpj131vkkhwzgf5lse|title=The pain behind Israel Adesanya's rise to the UFC|date=9 February 2018|work=Sporting News|access-date=9 February 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Adesanya kò nífẹ̀ẹ́ sí eré-ìdárayá nígbà tí ó wà ní ilé-ìwé girama; dípò rẹ̀, ó nífẹ̀ẹ́ sí [[anime]] àwọn eré Japan bí ''[[Death Note]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2019/10/7/20901830/israel-adesanya-explains-death-note-reference-ufc-243-shinigami|title=Israel Adesanya explains 'Death Note' anime reference at UFC 243|date=7 October 2019|work=Bloody Elbow|access-date=18 October 2019|archive-date=17 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917161700/https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2019/10/7/20901830/israel-adesanya-explains-death-note-reference-ufc-243-shinigami|url-status=dead|archivedate=17 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917161700/https://www.bloodyelbow.com/2019/10/7/20901830/israel-adesanya-explains-death-note-reference-ufc-243-shinigami|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti [[manga]] ''[[Naruto]]''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.espn.com.au/mma/story/_/id/26492696/how-israel-adesanya-embraces-japanese-anime-ufc|title=How Israel Adesanya embraces Japanese anime in the UFC|date=11 April 2019|work=ESPN Australia|access-date=27 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n fòòró Adesanya nígbà tí ó wà ní àwọn ilé-ìwé girama rẹ̀&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&amp;objectid=11996821|title=Israel Adesanya was bullied as a child – now he's a New Zealand fight sensation|date=21 February 2018|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|access-date=1 November 2018|archivedate=4 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104130214/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&amp;objectid=11996821|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì so ìpinnu rẹ̀ láti lépa ìjàkadì-ọwọ́ ní ìgbà tí ó dàgbà látàrí àwọn ìwà ìkà tí ó dojú kọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/sport/other/bullied-in-high-school-ufc-champion-untold-journey-kiwi-mma-superstar-israel-adesanya|title=From bullied in high school to UFC champion: The untold journey of Kiwi MMA superstar Israel Adesanya|date=13 May 2019|work=1 News Now|access-date=6 November 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìwòye àkọ́kọ́ Adesanya lórí eré ìjàkadì àti ère ìjà ipa àkọ́kọ́ tí ó ní ni ti wíwo olùjà ará Britain [[Naseem Hamed|Prince Naseem Hamed]].&lt;ref name=&quot;dazn.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=UFC 248: How Israel Adesanya went from outcast to the coolest kid in UFC |url=https://www.dazn.com/en-US/news/mma/ufc-248-how-israel-adesanya-went-from-the-outcast-to-the-coolest-kid-in-the-ufc/1ipbagn8bxgsy1lnn83kcyga3j}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó sọ nínú ìfọ̀rọ̀wánilẹ́nuwò kan pé, &quot;Mo rántí wíwo eré rẹ̀, ẹnu yà mí sí ohun tí mo rí, bí a ṣe wá sí àyíká páápá ìjàkadì tí ó sì ṣe gbé òkìtì fífọ̀ náà. Èyí jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ìrántí àkọ́kọ́ mi si eré ìṣàfihàn.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;dazn.com&quot;/&gt;

Lẹ́yìn tí ó parí ilé-ìwé girama, Adesanya forúkọ sílẹ̀ nínú oyè [[Bachelor of Science]] ní Computer Design ní [[Universal College of Learning]] ní [[Whanganui]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.stylebender.com/about|title=The Last Stylebender – About Israel Adesanya|website=The Last Stylebender|access-date=16 January 2021|archive-date=10 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310202231/https://www.stylebender.com/about|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ẹni ọjọ́ orí méjìlélógún, ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdánrawò kickboxing, lẹ́yìn tí fíìmù [[Muay Thai]] ''[[Ong-Bak: Muay Thai Warrior|Ong-Bak]]'' fún un ní ìwúrí.&lt;ref name=&quot;as&quot;/&gt; Ọdún méjì lẹ́yìn náà, Adesanya ṣe ìpinnu láti dá ẹ̀kọ́ rẹ̀ dúró láti lépa iṣẹ́ kickboxing, ó sì kó àkọsílẹ̀ ìjà ti 32–1 jọ kí ó tó mú ìjà ni ise, ó sì ń jà ní China.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.glorykickboxing.com/fighters/israel-adesanya:fd1a588c-088d-4aaf-8d38-a21b3194aeb1|title=Israel 'The Last Style Bender' Adesanya : Glory Fighter|website=Glory Kickboxing|access-date=29 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&amp;objectid=11996821|title=MMA: Israel Adesanya was bullied as a child – now he's a New Zealand fight sensation|last=Reive|first=Christopher|date=20 February 2018|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|access-date=4 November 2018|language=en-NZ|issn=1170-0777|archivedate=4 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104130214/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&amp;objectid=11996821|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ẹni ọmọ ọdún méjìlélọ́gún, Adesanya ṣí lọ sí [[Auckland]], New Zealand, ó sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdánrawò mixed martial arts lábẹ́ [[Eugene Bareman]] ní [[City Kickboxing]], pẹ̀lú àwọn oníjà UFC ọjọ́ọ̀la bí [[Dan Hooker]], [[Kai Kara-France]] àti [[List of UFC champions#Featherweight Championship|Àṣàṣorí Featherweight]] UFC [[Alexander Volkanovski]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/sport/other/im-going-do-great-things-kiwi-fighter-israel-adesanyas-amazing-journey-whanganui-ufc|title='I'm going to do great things' – Kiwi fighter Israel Adesanya's amazing journey from Whanganui to the UFC|last=Malili|first=Faleatua|date=10 August 2018|work=1 News Now|access-date=10 August 2018|language=en-NZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/asDaGqnU0Sk Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20191109023451/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=asDaGqnU0Sk&amp;gl=US&amp;hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=asDaGqnU0Sk |title=Israel Adesanya's BEST 10 Kickboxing TACTICS |website=[[YouTube]] |date=23 June 2018}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.espn.com.au/mma/story/_/id/28234959/kara-france-volkanovski-city-kickboxing-dynamic-vegas-duo|title=Kara-France, Volkanovski are City Kickboxing's dynamic Vegas duo |last=Bruce|first=Sam |date=12 December 2018 |work=ESPN |access-date=12 December 2018 |language=en-au}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ń dánrawò [[wrestling]] lábẹ́ ọmọ-orílẹ̀-èdè Romania-New Zealand Andrei Păuleț.&lt;ref name=&quot;Romania&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=UFC 248: Israel Adesanya has 'a few more fighters in my mind' after he deals with Yoel Romero|url=https://www.scmp.com/sport/martial-arts/mixed-martial-arts/article/3073931/ufc-248-israel-adesanya-has-few-more-fighters|date=6 March 2020 |website=workscmp.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AP&quot;&gt;{{cite news|first=Christopher|last=Reive|title=UFC 243: Israel Adesanya praises Tiger Muay Thai coach Frank Hickman for upskilling ahead of title fight against Robert Whittaker|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/ufc-243-israel-adesanya-praises-tiger-muay-thai-coach-frank-hickman-for-upskilling-ahead-of-title-fight-against-robert-whittaker/3A23P3IXLDYMTH4COA5SD766FI/|date=3 October 2019|website=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|access-date=2 September 2026|archivedate=5 April 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405212302/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/ufc-243-israel-adesanya-praises-tiger-muay-thai-coach-frank-hickman-for-upskilling-ahead-of-title-fight-against-robert-whittaker/3A23P3IXLDYMTH4COA5SD766FI/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;


==Iṣẹ́ Kickboxing==

=== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ìṣe gẹ́gẹ́bi oníjà ===

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, ó ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ìṣẹ́gun ní New Zealand, Australia, ó sì ní ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ eré-ìjà pẹ̀lú [[Wu Lin Feng]] ní China. Àwọn ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìṣẹ́gun rẹ̀ mú un wá ipò ní ìdíje [[Kunlun Fight]] kìlógíráàmù 80 ni ọdún 2014, tí ó wáyé ní àkókò [[2014 in Kunlun Fight#Kunlun Fight 2 / Wu Lin Feng 2014 / MAX Muaythai 6|Kunlun Fight 2]]. Ó pàdánù nínú eré ìdámẹ́rin-tó-kẹ́yìn lòdì sí [[Simon Marcus]] nípasẹ̀ ìpinnu-ìpín ìpele àfikún.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Fight of the Day: Israel Adesanya vs. Simon Marcus |url=https://thesportsdaily.com/2020/03/03/fight-of-the-day-israel-adesanya-vs-simon-marcus/ |website=thesportsdaily.com |date=3 March 2020 |access-date=22 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn náà, Adesanya ṣe ìfarahàn àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ ní [[Glory (kickboxing)|Glory]] ní [[Glory 15: Istanbul|Glory 15]], nígbà tí ó dojú kọ [[Filip Verlinden]]. Verlinden ṣẹ́gun nínú eré náà nípasẹ̀ ìpinnu-àpapọ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Adesanya loses Glory kickboxing debut |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/adesanya-loses-glory-kickboxing-debut/MPIL3UAZRBLMKD7V2IO2LVYY6Q/ |website=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |date=13 April 2014 |access-date=22 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn méjèèjì jà eré-àtúnjà ní [[2016 in Glory of Heroes#Glory of Heroes 3|Glory of Heroes 3]], ọdún méjì lẹ́yìn eré àkọ́kọ́ wọn, Adesanya sì ṣẹ́gun nípa èsì ìpinnu-àpapọ̀.

Adesanya kópa nínú ìdíje [[King in the Ring]] Cruiserweights II ti ẹ̀ka àgbègbè New Zealand.&lt;ref name=&quot;nzherald.co.nz&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Kickboxing: Adesanya happy to fight on home soil |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/kickboxing-adesanya-happy-to-fight-on-home-soil/36CT5IUIH5T4LJDOZGG5H5BHAM/ |website=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |date=29 August 2014 |access-date=22 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní eré ìdámẹ́rin-tó-kẹ́yìn, ó ṣẹ́gun Slava Alexeichik nípasẹ̀ ìpinnu-àpapọ̀, ní eré ìdámẹ́rin ìgbẹ̀yìn, ó ṣẹ́gun Pati Afoa nípasẹ̀ ìṣubú, ó sì gba ìdíje náà pẹ̀lú ìṣubú Jamie Eades. Oṣù mẹ́fà lẹ́yìn náà, ó kópa nínú ìdíje Cruiserweights III ọdún 2015. Ó ṣí segun Kim Loudon àti Mark Timms ní eré ìdámẹ́rin-tó-kẹ́yìn àti eré ìdámẹ́rin to gbeyin lẹ́sẹẹsẹ pelu ìṣubú, kí ó tó gba ìdíje náà fún ìgbà kejì pẹ̀lú ìṣubú àkọ́kọ́ ti Pati Afoa.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Israel Adesanya defends King In The Ring title with another tournament win |url=https://www.fightnewsaustralia.com/israel-adesanya-defends-king-in-the-ring-title-with-another-tournament-win/ |website=fightnewsaustralia.com |date=15 April 2015 |access-date=22 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní Itesiwaju wíwo, Adesanya kópa bakanna nínú eré ìjà tí ọdún 2015 The Heavyweights III. Ó ṣẹ́gun Nase Foai Pẹ̀lú ìṣubú ni ìpele ìdámẹ́rin tí ó sì tún ṣẹ́gun Dan Roberts Pẹ̀lú ìṣubú no ìpele semifinal, kí ó tún to lọ kọjú Jamie Eades ni ìpele ìparí. Àwọn mejeji tí kókó pàdé ni ipele ìparí ìdíje ti 2014 Cruiserweight. Adesanya jáwé olú borí nibe pelu àpapò esi ìfọwọ́sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kickboxing: Adesanya joins the Supe&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Kickboxing: Adesanya joins the Super 8 fight |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/rotorua-daily-post/news/kickboxing-adesanya-joins-the-super-8-fight/GDWHNBYSGRZTY57CUSKDWBDH4Q/ |website=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |date=November 2015 |access-date=22 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
      <sha1>83aklbidxex2jf6dvu7i1mveyagud8u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jíìnsì</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83554</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637797</id>
      <parentid>636787</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:46:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637797</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73674" sha1="i315ipt23kbrlbbbou08z8mn94q0rqi" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jeans.jpg|thumb|Àwọn jíìnsì méjì]]
[[File:Blue_jeans_fading.png|right|thumb|Àwòrán aṣọ tí ó ti kóbó tàbí Sá]]

'''Jìínsì''' jẹ́ irú ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tí a fi aṣọ denim tàbí [[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|dungaree]] ṣe. Lọ́pọ̀ ìgbà, ọ̀rọ̀ náà &quot;jínsì&quot; tọ́ka sí irú ẹ̀yà ṣòkòtò kan pàtó, tí a ń pè ní &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot;, pẹ̀lú àfikún àwọn àpò òní rivets tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] fi kún un ní ọdún 1871 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|title=A Nevada Stylist: Your Denim Jeans Are a Nevada Invention|journal=Nevada State Museum Newsletter|volume=36|issue=3|page=4|date=2006|access-date=January 29, 2015|archive-date=April 29, 2013|archivedate=April 29, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429105158/http://museums.nevadaculture.org/dmdocuments/mus-let37.pdf|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí Davis àti [[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]] sì fún gba ìwé àṣẹ ìjònlónté lórí rẹ ni oṣù karùn-ún, ọdún 1873. Kí a tó fún wọn ní ìwé àṣẹ, ọ̀rọ̀ &quot;jínsì aláwọ̀ búlúù&quot; ti wà fún ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ aṣọ iṣẹ́ (pẹ̀lú sòkòtò, aṣọ ìbora, àti àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́), tí a fi aṣọ denim aláwọ̀ búlúù wúwo ṣe. 

Ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀, a ṣe àwọn sókòtò wọ̀nyí gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ọwọ́ bí àwọn awakùsà tí wọ́n si fi rivets kún etí enu àpò wọn ní àwọn agbègbè [[Orílẹ̀ èdè America|Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà]] kí ó bá fi lè ní agbára sí. Àwọn sókòtò onígun mẹ́rin òde òní wọ̀nyí ni [[Marlon Brando]] àti James Dean so di gbajúmọ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣọ ìbílẹ̀ nínú àwọn fíìmù wọn ti ọdún 1950, pàápàá jùlọ ''[[:en:The_Wild_One|The Wild One]]'' àti ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=July 8, 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó mú kí aṣọ náà di àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ láàárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba, pàápàá jùlọ àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ oníṣọ̀nà greaser . Láti ọdún 1960 lọ, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì di ohun tó wọ́pọ̀ láàrín onírúurú àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn ọ̀dọ́mọdé gbogbogbòò. Lóde òní, wọ́n jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀yà sòkòtò tó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ ní àṣà àwọn èyàn ìwọ̀ oòrùn . Àwọn orúkọ ìtajà tí wọ́n ní ìtàn lẹ́yìn ní [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi's, Lee]], àti [[:en:Wrangler_(jeans)|Wrangler]].

== Ìtàn ==
===Ìrépé Aṣọ ===

[[File:Manifattura genovese, abito da festa in tela di genova (jeans), 1850-1900 ca..JPG|thumb|180px|A traditional women's Genoese dress in &quot;blue jeans&quot; (1890s). [[:en:Palazzo_Spinola_di_Pellicceria|Palazzo Spinola di Pellicceria]], [[:en:Genoa|Genoa]], Italy.]]

Àwọn aṣọ owú tí wọ́n rẹ ni aró Èlu [[:en:Indigo_dye#History|Indigo dyed]] ní won ń tí n pèlò tí wọ́n ń sì ń tàá ní ilé India fún bí ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ọdún sẹ́yìn, kí ó tó di wípé ni ìrépé aṣọ owú Aláró èlu wá di mimo sì àgbáyé ní nkan bi, Ọ̀rùndún kejìdínlógún (18th century) gẹgẹbi ‘''blue goods''’ ni èdè Gèésì, tàbí ‘''guinée''’ ni èdè Faransé, tí ó sì jẹ́ ọ̀kan gbòógì lára àwọn nkan ọjà tí òun gba orí omi Indian, àti ara ǹkan títà nínú ọkọ̀ ojú omi tí òun kò àwọn ẹrú kọjá lórí omi Atlantic.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Textiles in the Slave Trade |url=https://eenigheid.slavenhandelmcc.nl/trajecten-van-de-reis-en/afrika-en/samenstelling-cargazoen/textiel-slavenhandel/?lang=en |access-date=2026-02-10 |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Kobayashi |first=Kazuo |date=2013-06-27 |title=Indian cotton textiles in the eighteenth-century Atlantic economy - Africa at LSE |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2013/06/27/indian-cotton-textiles-in-the-eighteenth-century-atlantic-economy/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Africa at LSE - LSE’s engagement with Africa}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òpò àwọn aṣọ olómi èlu ([[:en:Indigo|indigo]]) tí wọ́n n tá, ní o wa lati ibi oko ọ̀gbìn indigo ni India, kí ó tó di wípé ni wọn bèrè sí mi ṣe àtowodá àwò aró èlu ní orílẹ̀ èdè Germany ni Ọdún 1878.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |title=The synthesis of indigo |publisher=Ingenious.org.uk |access-date=October 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084155/http://www.ingenious.org.uk/site.asp?s=RM&amp;Param=1&amp;SubParam=1&amp;Content=1&amp;ArticleID=%7BCBDF1082-9F5C-498F-A769-B33A7DA83B30%7D&amp;ArticleID2=%7B3C4444FC-FC4D-4498-B0B4-8B8A47C5BA76%7D&amp;MenuLinkID=%7BA54FA022-17E2-483C-B937-DEC8B8964C33%7D |archive-date=March 4, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí wọ́n ṣe lórí rírà àti títa Ìrépé Aṣọ Jìínsì òun ló fi hàn wípé ni agbègbè ìlú [[:en:Genoa|Genoa]],ni ọrílé-èdè Italy, ní ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún érìndínlógún (16th century) óun ni ó ti jeyo,  tí [[:en:Nîmes|Nîmes]], ni ọrílé-èdè faransé sì tẹ́lẹ̀, ní ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún  (17th century). Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí ìlú Genoa òun ni ó jẹ́ Ìrépé Aṣọ [[:en:Fustian|fustian]] tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe bí &quot;medium quality and of reasonable cost&quot;, aso tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá tí ó sì nípon ni ìwọ̀nba Pẹ̀lú àfijo aṣọ Olówu [[:en:Corduroy|corduroy]] lèyí ti o jẹ ki ìlú Genoa ni orúkọ ni Àgbáyé, gẹgẹbi ask na ṣe jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n lè wò fi ṣe iṣẹ́ gbọgbọ. Ọmọ ogun orí omi [[:en:Genoese_navy|Genoese navy]] pèsè aso òun na fún àwọn awakọ̀ ojú omi wọn, gẹgẹbi wọn ṣe nílò aso tí ó ṣe wọ bóyá ó tutù tàbí ó wà ní gbígbé. Gênes, orúkọ Genoa ni èdè Faransé, òun ni ó jẹ́ ipilese orúkọ jìínsì òun.[[Wikt:jeans|jeans]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jean - Etymology, Origin &amp; Meaning of the Name |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Jean |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní Nîmes, àwọn ahunṣọ won gbìyànjú láti ṣe èèdà Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì na sugbon dípò kí wọ́n ṣe èèdà rẹ gélé bí ó ti ri, wọn ṣe àwárí Ìrépé aso òmíràn tí ó fi ara pé tí ó jẹ́ [[:en:Twill|twill]] tí a mọ̀ sí  'denim' , &quot;''de Nîmes&quot;'', ìtumò rẹ jẹ &quot;láti Nîmes&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235 |title=Transnationalism and Society: An Introduction |author-last=Howard |author-first=Michael C. |date=2011 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-78648625-0 |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qy4YtuIHsQcC&amp;pg=PA235#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |title=Jeans |website=facweb.cs.depaul.edu |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170619115433/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/sgrais/jeans.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Aṣọ &quot;denim&quot; láti Nîmes's ṣe Súkúṣúkú, tí wọ́n sì káàkun aṣọ tí ó dára jùlọ tí wọ́n sì ń lọ fún ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ bí &quot;Smock tàbí overalls&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=23}} Ní ọdún 1576, ìdiwọ̀n aṣọ jìínsì Fustian &quot;jean fustians&quot; de si pápákò ojú ọmi Barnstaple Lori ọkọ̀ ojú omi kan láti from Bristol.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author=National Archives |title=Import and Export books for the Port of Barnstaple |date=February 18, 1576 |id=E 190/930/5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Closeup of copper rivet on jeans.jpg|thumb|left|Copper [[:en:Rivet|rivets]] for reinforcing pockets are a characteristic feature of blue jeans.]]

Ní bi àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) , Ìrépé Aṣọ jìínsì tí di pàtàkì nínú aṣọ tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ àríwá ilé Italy ń wò. Èyí je àfihàn Ninu òpó àwọn àwòrán tí wọ́n yà ni àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún (17th century) tí wọ́n tọ́ka sí ayàwòrán kan tí ìnagije rẹ ni ayé òde òní ń sì ń jẹ Ògá Aṣọ jìínsì alaro búlù &quot;the Master of the Blue Jeans&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Gruber_2010&quot;/&gt;{{rp|page=10}} Àwọn àwòrán mewa òun ni ó ṣe àfihàn àwọn àìní pẹ̀lú bi àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ṣe wọ Ìrépé aṣọ tí ó dà bí &quot;denim&quot;. Lai si tàbí ṣùgbọ́n, aṣọ òun ni yio je jìínsì ti orílẹ̀ èdè Genoese, tí ọwọ́ rẹ kò gúnpá púpò. Ìyàwórán [[:en:Genre_painting|Genre painting]] óun lọ di mímò ni àkókò igbẹyin ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún (16th century) , tí àwọn ènìyàn tí wọ́n ó ní ìbátan pẹ̀lú ọlá nínú àwọn àwòrán na si gbé wọn sì ìfègbé-kègbé pẹ̀lú àwọn àwòrán yókù tí àwọn na ṣe àfihàn irú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ bé .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Welch |author-first=Evelyn |title=Shopping in the Renaissance: Consumer Cultures in Italy 1400–1600 |date=2005 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |page=44}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[:en:Dungaree_(fabric)|Dungaree]], tí ń ṣe irúfé aṣọ kan ní wón dárúkọ ni igba àkókò ọdun 1613,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Saris |first=John |url=http://archive.org/details/voyageofcaptainj00saririch |title=The voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613 |last2=Satow |first2=Ernest Mason |date=1900 |publisher=London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society |others=University of California Libraries}}&lt;/ref&gt; pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe tokasi gẹ́gẹ́bi aso Calico ti ó yí Pẹ̀lú Súkúṣúkú lọ́wọ́ tí ó sì ń sábà má ń wá ní àwo búlù tàbí funfun tí ó ti sáwé tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ó rí ọwọ́ horí sábà má ń wo ni agbegbe [[Bombay]], ni abúlé Dongri ní èèbá ilé odò kan ní ilè India. Aso yí ni wọn pé ní &quot;dungri&quot; ni èdè [[Hindi]]. Wọ́n kò Dungri lọ sí ilé England tí wọ́n ń sìn lò wọ́n láti pèsè àwon aso ìṣiṣẹ́ tí kò wón púpò bí àwọn àwòtélè ([[:en:Overalls|overalls]]) . Ní èdè Gèésì, wọn pé &quot;dungri&quot; ní &quot;dungaree&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |title=Origin and History of Dungaree Fabric |author-last=William |author-first=Carrie |date=September 3, 2017 |publisher=Historyofjeans.com |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125084250/http://www.historyofjeans.com/jeans-history/history-of-dungaree-fabric/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn oníṣẹ́ eto amáyéderùn oníṣẹ́ ogun ọri omi tí ilé US lọ àwọn aṣọ dungaree na gba ìgbà ògùn àgbáyé àkókó.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[:en:Denim|denim]],òun ni ó gba ipò aṣọ dungaree, Ìrépé aso tí wọ́n so lórúko látàrí àwọn èyàn [[:en:Nîmes|Nîmes]], tí ó di gbajúmọ̀ lẹ́yìn tí [[:en:Jacob_W._Davis|Jacob W. Davis]] bèrè sí mi ṣe jáde.

=== Ìṣó-Pẹlẹbẹ (Rivets) ===
{{multiple image
 | align = left
 | direction = horizontal
 | width     = 200
 | image2    = Levi Strauss.jpg
 | caption2  = Levi Strauss
 | image1    = Jacob W. Davis.jpg
 | caption1  = Jacob Davis
}}

Èdè àpèjúwe ''jeans'' jeyo ni ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní ọdún 1795, ní ìgbà tí òṣìṣẹ́ ilé ìfowopamó Swiss kan tí orúkọ rẹ ń jẹ [[:en:Jean-Gabriel_Eynard|Jean-Gabriel Eynard]] áti bùròdá rẹ Jacques Jo lo sí Genoa tí àwọn méjèèjì sì bẹ̀rẹ̀ si ni darí ìṣe òwò tí ó múyán. Ní ọdún 1800, àwọn ológun ilé [[:en:Massena|Massena]] wo inú ìlú Genoa, tí wọ́n sì fi wọn lé ọwọ́ Jean-Gabriel láti ṣe ìtọ́jú ọjà fún wọn. Ní pàtó, aṣọ ẹgbẹ́ tí wọ́n dá látara aso búlù kan tí wọ́n ń pè ní &quot;bleu de Genes&quot; lèyí ti wọn padà yọ òun ti wọn pé ní &quot;blue jeans&quot; káríayé ní òní.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt;

[[:en:Levi_Strauss|Levi Strauss]], gẹgẹbi ọ̀dọ́langba ọkùnrin ní ọdún 1851, ó kúrò ní Germany losi New York láti darapọ̀ mọ́ Ẹ̀gbọ́n rẹ ọkùnrin tí ó ń ṣe òwò ọjà títà. Ní ọdún 1853, ó kó lọ sí San Francisco láti lo ṣí ilé ìtajà tí ara rẹ. [[:en:Jacob_Davis_(inventor)|Jacob Davis]] jẹ́ aránso ti o sábà má ń rà òpò aṣọ láti ilé ìtajà [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co|Levi Strauss &amp; Co]]. wholesale house. Ní ọdún 1872, Davis kò ìwé sì Strauss pẹ̀lú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ láti jẹ ki wọn jọ da ọkọ òwò papò láti gba iwe òntè lórí títa àwọn aṣọ rírán tí wọ́n fi irin èsó, àti ìdáàbòbò [[:en:Rivet|rivets]] rán.&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author-last=Downey |author-first=Lynn |date=2007 |publisher=official Levi Strauss &amp; Co. historian |url=http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |title=A Short History of Denim |access-date=June 2, 2014 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809162800/http://eled3140spring2014.wikispaces.com/file/view/History-Denim.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìrìn ìdáàbòbò (copper rivets) òun ni ó jẹ́ láti dáàbò bo àwọn àpò ṣòkòtò àti àwọn ìpele tí ó lè tètè ya lára ewu, bí ìsàlẹ̀ ṣòkòtò, ẹnu àpò, abé ẹnu ìpèlé bótìnì. Strauss gba ìmọ̀ràn Davis's wọlé ,&lt;ref&gt;Wagman-Gellar, Marlene (2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=IvRg_38ToLQC&amp;pg=PT17 ''Eureka!: The Surprising Stories Behind the Ideas That Shaped the World''], Eureka #3 (1871) (unpaginated). Penguin Group (USA), Inc. Retrieved October 2, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; lẹ́yìn na ni àwọn méjèèjì gba iwe òntè ilé US patent Pẹ̀lú nọ́mbà ìdánimọ̀ No. 139,121 fun mímú ìtẹ̀síwájú de ba ẹnu àpò ṣòkòtò &quot;Improvement in Fastening Pocket-Openings&quot; ni ọgúnjó oṣù kaarun ọdún 1873.&lt;ref&gt;{{US patent|139121}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Photo étiquette Levi's 501.jpg|thumb|The classic label for Levi 501 jeans]]

Davis àti Strauss ṣe ìdánwò ìwádìí ìjìnlè pẹ̀lú orisirisi aṣọ. Àwọn Ìgbìyànjú ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ni ṣe pẹ̀lú àwo aṣọ Ẹpọ́nrusù (brown) [[:en:Cotton_duck|cotton duck]], aṣọ kan tó nípọn .{{efn|Bottom weight Ó jẹ́ Ìrépé aso kan tí ó dára fún rírán ṣòkòtò àti síkéètì pants (a.k.a. bottoms). Kí ṣe wípé ni aṣọ òun ó nípọn tàrà be na ṣùgbọ́n ó wúwo jù òun ti wọn lé fi rán àwọn ask bí bùláùsì tàbí èwù.}} Denim je aṣọ kan tí ó dára fún rírán àwọn aṣọ iṣẹ́, wọn bèrè sí ń lọ wọn láti ṣe àwọn ṣòkòtò onírin &quot;riveted pants&quot;. Aṣọ denim ni àwọn Olùpèsè aṣọ tí ilé Amẹrikà pèsè. Gbajúmọ̀ ìtàn àtenudénu se àṣìṣe pẹ̀lú wipe ni lati ile Nîmes ni wọ́n ti ko wá . Ìtàn àtenudénu míràn tún so wipe ni Strauss ń kókó tá àwọn ṣòkòtò aláwò Ẹpọ́nrusù fún àwọn awakùsà, tí wọ́n padà kùún ni àwò aró búlù, tí wọ́n sì yípadà sì lílọ aṣọ denim, tí ó sì jẹ́ wí pé lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí Davis kò ìwé sì ni ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní fi irin ìdáàbòbò rivets kún .&lt;ref name=&quot;Downey_2007&quot;/&gt;

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Strauss kan je aṣọ tí ónípon tí àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ ìle isé [[:en:Working_class|factory workers]], awakùsà, àgbẹ̀, àti àwọn adaranjè ń wò káàkiri àwọn agbègbè apá ìwọ òòrùn Ariwa ilé Amẹrikà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Hobson |author-first=John |date=July 1, 2013 |title=To die for? The health and safety of fast fashion |journal=Occupational Medicine |language=en |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=317–319 |doi=10.1093/occmed/kqt079 |pmid=23837074 |issn=0962-7480 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |title=A History Of Blue Jeans: From Miners' Wear to American Classic |work=Mother Earth News |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316055105/http://www.motherearthnews.com/nature-and-environment/history-of-blue-jeans-zmaz90jazshe |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní àwọn àkókò yí , ṣòkòtò àwọn ọkùnrin òun ni ó ní ojú Sípù [[:en:Fly_(clothing)|fly]] sì ọwọ́ iwájú, tí sòkòtò àwọn obìnrin sì ni ojú Sípù sì ègbẹ́ apá òsì. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |title=Style: August 2015 |work=New Orleans Living Magazine |access-date=March 17, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |url-status=live |archivedate=March 17, 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144125/http://www.livingneworleans.com/?p=11550 |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí [[:en:Levi_Strauss_&amp;_Co.|Levi Strauss &amp; Co.]] gbá ìwé àṣẹ ṣòkòtò jìínsì ìgbàlódé tí wọ́n pèsè púpò re ni Ọdún 1873, àpò ṣòkòtò méjì ni ó wà ní owó iwájú pẹ̀lú àpò ìlèmóra ni apá ọ̀tún ni ọwọ́ èyìn tí wọ́n fi èso pẹlẹbẹ  onírin bàbà (copper rivets) sí.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;/&gt; Àpò kékeré ònírin rífẹ́ẹ̀tì bàbà óun ni Levi Strauss kókó fi sì ṣòkòtò jìínsì wọn ní àwọn ìparí ọdún 1870s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |title=Small pocket on your pants and jeans: Here's what it's for – Insider |website=[[Insider.com]] |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064304/https://www.insider.com/small-pocket-pants-jeans-watch-2018-03 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìtẹ̀síwájú látìgbàdégbà ní àwọn ǹkan bi ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó sẹ́yìn ===

Ní Odún 1901, Levi Strauss fi àpò apá òsì ni ọwọ́ èyìn sì ara ṣòkòtò òní bọ́tìnì ọwọ́ iwájú wọn tí 501 model.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |title=Pockets Full of History – Levi Strauss &amp; Co |date=January 12, 2017 |access-date=April 30, 2020 |archive-date=June 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619161152/https://www.levistrauss.com/2017/01/12/pockets-full-history/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleyi lọ je Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣòkòtò òde òní yìí tí a mọ̀ tí òun má ń ní àpò méjì ńlá àti kékeré kan ni iwájú, pẹ̀lú méjì ńlá mi lẹ́yìn tí àpapọ̀ àpò sì jẹ́ márùn.

Dídì gbajúmọ̀ àwọn aṣọ &quot;waist overalls&quot;, gẹ́gẹ́bí atúnṣe mòó si aṣọ jìínsì gbèrègèjigè sì ni àkókò ogun àgbáyé [[World War II]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | last=Schellinger | first=A. | title=Aircraft Nose Art: American, French and British Imagery and Its Influences from World War I through the Vietnam War | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4766-1932-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oV7TCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA82 | access-date=January 29, 2024 | page=82}}&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 1960s, àti sòkòtò ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní o ti ni ojú ihò [[:en:Zipper|zipper]] ní owó iwájú. Àwọn àwòrán ìgbàanì fi hàn wípé ni kí o tó di wípé aṣọ jìínsì di aṣọ ológe, télèri, òun má ń fẹ́ ni gẹgẹbi aṣọ àwọ̀lékè [[:en:Overall|bib overalls]] sugbon ti oun kí ṣe &quot;bib&quot;. Ní títí òótọ́, títí di ọdún 1960, Levi Strauss gan fúnra lára rẹ ni òun pé àwọn aṣọ tí òun ṣe jáde gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;waist overalls&quot; dípò &quot;jeans&quot;.

Lẹ́yìn tí [[:en:James_Dean|James Dean]] so aṣọ jìínsì di gbajúmọ̀ nínú eré ìtàgé ''[[:en:Rebel_Without_a_Cause|Rebel Without a Cause]]'', wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun àmì ìṣọ̀tẹ̀ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ní àkókò ọdún 1950s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first1=Lauren |author-last1=Cochrane |author-first2=Helen |author-last2=Seamons |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |title=James Dean: an enduring influence on modern fashion &amp;#124; Fashion |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923180248/http://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/apr/18/james-dean-an-enduring-influence-on-modern-fashion |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anna Schober|Schober, Anna]] (2001). Blue Jeans. Vom Leben in Stoffen und Bildern. Frankfurt/ New York: Campus.&lt;/ref&gt; ni nkan bí ọdún 1960s, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà, ní ìgbà tí yíò fi ó di ọdún 1970, wiwo aṣọ jìínsì to di òun èṣó gbọgbọ ni ọrílé-èdè United States.&lt;ref name=&quot;Smith_2003&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Smith |author-first=Nancy MacDonell |title=The Classic Ten: poella grande y gruesa The True Story of the Little Black Dress and Nine Other Fashion Favorites |date=2003 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-14-200356-5 |page=42 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |access-date=January 13, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026073749/https://books.google.com/books?id=hCap5dsIJiAC&amp;pg=PT42 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ni Japan ni Ọdún 1977, ọ̀jọ̀gbọ́n kan ní ilé ìwé Yunifásítì [[:en:Osaka_University|Osaka University]] Philip Karl Pehda ba omobìnrin opé ìwé na wí nípa wiwo ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni yàrá ìkéko. Lẹ́yìn na, àwọn ọmọ ilẹ̀ ìwé ṣe ìwòde ìfièrò-inú hàn, lèyí tí ó fà àríyànjiyàn ni orile Ede ni ọdun na.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |title=女生七嘴八舌嚷「解放」 老教授硬是不准入課堂 |language=zh |date=May 27, 1977 |work=The Kung Sheung Daily News |access-date=February 25, 2019 |archive-date=March 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044425/https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk/coverpage/-/coverpage/view?_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_hsf=%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_actual_q=%28%20verbatim_dc.collection%3A%28%22Old%5C%20HK%5C%20Newspapers%22%29%20%29%20AND+%28%20%28%20allTermsMandatory%3A%28true%29%20OR+all_dc.title%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.creator%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.contributor%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.subject%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+fulltext%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20OR+all_dc.description%3A%28%E7%89%9B%E4%BB%94%E8%A4%B2%29%20%29%20%29&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_field=score&amp;p_r_p_-1078056564_c=QF757YsWv5%2BaFKLr9PBvgILoEa3mihLU&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_o=11&amp;_coverpage_WAR_mmisportalportlet_sort_order=desc |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |title=大阪大学講師 過去にジーンズ姿の女子大生の受講を拒否 |date=April 9, 2011 |language=ja |work=NEWSポストセブン |access-date=October 9, 2020 |archive-date=June 30, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130630025326/http://www.news-postseven.com/archives/20110409_17067.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò denim ti wọn mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ ya bèrè sí mi di òun èso ní àwọn àkókò ọdún 1935 ninu awon apẹ̀rẹ̀ àfihàn Vogue's June issue.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/de-nimes-000413-v20n2/ |title=De Nimes |website=vice.com |date=March 11, 2013 |access-date=May 30, 2017 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.vice.com/en/article/5gw8dd/de-nimes-000413-v20n2 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Michael Belluomo, ẹni tí ó jẹ́ oluye ìròyìn wo fún ''Sportswear International Magazine'', Oct/Nov 1987, p.&amp;nbsp;45, kò ní ọdún 1965, Limbo, Yàrá ìta aṣọ kan ní apá iyo-òòrùn ni àwọn abúlé New York, jẹ́ alágbàtà ṣòkòtò jìínsì àkókò tí ó mọ̀ọ́mọ̀ fò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tuntun lójúnà áti je ki o funfun lójú, èrò òun di di òun ìtẹ́wọ́gbà. Ó tẹ̀síwájú pẹ̀lú gbígba oníṣẹ́ ọnà ìwọ òòrùn&quot;[Limbo] ṣíṣé láti mọ ran àwọn àjákù Ìrépé aṣọ mo ṣòkòtò jìínsì gborogidi tí òun sì ń tàwón ni $200.&quot;
Ní àwọn ìbéèrè ọdún 1980s, ilé itaja ṣòkòtò denim ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò tuntun tí wọ́n ti ní ojú fífò [[:en:Stonewashed_jeans|stone-washing]] Ọ̀nà ara fífọ̀ òun ti GWG ṣe ìdásílẹ̀ rẹ, tí wọ́n tún mọ̀ sì &quot;Great Western Garment Co.&quot; Donald Freeland ti [[:en:Edmonton,_Alberta|Edmonton, Alberta]], òun ni ó gbé àsíá ọ́nà ara tuntun òun dání,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508055136/http://www.levisbluejeans.com/Numbers/welcome.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 8, 2009 |title=Levi's By the Numbers (Men's) |publisher=Worldflow Knowledge |access-date=December 31, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó rán ṣòkòtò denim lọ́wọ́ láti wo òpò àwọn ọjà mìíràn. Ìtẹ́wọ́gbà ṣòkòtò jìínsì òun ni ó tẹ̀síwájú gba àwọn ọdún 1980s wo 1990s. Ní Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè gẹ́gẹ́bi ṣòkòtò isé, ṣòkòtò jìínsì di aso afé ni àárín àwọn ọ̀rúndún ọgúnjó. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Jean genie: The denim evolution |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |author-first=Katya |author-last=Foreman |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-date=April 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425113743/http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20150401-jean-genie-the-denim-evolution |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ṣòkòtò jìínsì Levi' 501s óun ni won ṣe àfihàn wọn gbangba-gbanga nínú ìpele akọsílẹ̀ àwọn ṣòkòtò ''A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man'' ni Ọdún 1987 láti ọwọ́ ọníròyìn ìwé aṣọ ilé British, Paul Keers.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last= Keers|first= Paul|date= 1987|title= A Gentleman's Wardrobe: Classic Clothes and the Modern Man|location= London|publisher= Weidenfeld &amp; Nicolson|pages= 56–57|isbn= 9780297791911}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Àwọn ìdàgbàsókè ni àwọn nkan ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún ===

Ní ọdún 2001, Olùranso Ara ilè Japanese kan [[:en:Chuck_Roaste|Chuck Roaste]] gba iwe ìjònlóntè ilé United States láti pèsè aṣọ iṣẹ́ [[:en:Utility_patent|utility patent]] èyí tí ó ṣe wọ ni ọ̀tún àti òdì tí òun ti fi orí ro láti nkan bí ọdún 1998.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Malone |first=Scott |date=February 19, 2004 |title=Chuck Roaste's New 'Guru' |url=https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/denim-dish-chuck-roaste-s-new-guru-galey-still-in-red-valley-connects-the-dot-696964/ |journal=WWD |volume=187 |issue=35 |pages=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; wọn pèsè ṣòkòtò na ni abé orúkọ ìdánimọ̀ aṣọ Chuck Roaste label, aṣọ sòkòtò na ni ó ṣe àfikún àwọn èròjà, bí àpò, ojúbo zíípù, àti àwọn nkan èso ara ṣòkòtò mìíràn tí ó jẹ́ ki ṣòkòtò na le ṣé wò lójú àti ní òdì-kejì.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ní ọdún 2007, ''[[:en:Details_(magazine)|Details]] Men's Style Manual'' yaa abala ojú ìwé kan fún ṣòkòtò jìínsì, pẹ̀lú ọ̀rọ̀ ìso pé, &quot;Wàyí óò, ní ìgbà tí aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì tí di ìtẹ́wọ́gbà gbogboogbò, kò sì òun ti burú nínú kí ó ní eya ṣòkòtò jìínsì méjì tàbí jùbélo&quot;. Tí O sì tún ṣe àpèjúwe ṣòkòtò Levi's 501s gẹ́gẹ́bi òun &quot;Iyì láti ìgbà tí wọ́n ti ṣe àfihàn rẹ̀&quot; àti gẹgẹbi &quot;kòsémááni ṣòkòtò&quot;. Àkọsílẹ̀ ìlànà ṣòkòtò pé ẹ̀yà sòkòtò jìínsì èyí tí wọ́n rán gboro gẹgẹbi sòkòtò Iyì ìgbàlódé tí òun fúni ni ìrísí ''[[:en:American_Graffiti|American Graffiti]]''.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last= Peres|editor-first= Daniel|editor-link= Dan Peres|title= Jeans|encyclopedia= Details Men's Style Manual|year= 2007|publisher= Gotham Books|location= New York|isbn= 9781592403288|pages= 132–139}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìlànà Ìṣàmújáde ==

=== Pípa-Aṣọ-Láró ===
{{See also|Azo dye}}
[[Image:Indigo skeletal.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of [[:en:Indigo_dye|indigo dye]], the blue of blue jeans]]

Ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ pèpè, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn má ń rẹ [[:en:Dye|dye]] ni aró búlù pẹ̀lú lílọ Aró Ẹ̀lú ara ewé [[:en:Indigo_dye|indigo dye]]. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ denim ni ayé òde òní ni wọn ń fi àwọn Aró Ẹ̀lú àtawódá ṣe. Ọ̀kẹ́rẹ́ jùlọ, Ẹgbẹ̀rún Tọ́ọ̀nù Aró Ẹ̀lú ni won pèsè ni ọdọọdún fún rírẹ̀ aṣọ jìínsì, botilejepe ìwọ̀nba gíràmù ni won nílò láti rẹ aṣọ sòkòtò jìínsì kan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steingruber_2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-first=Elmar |author-last=Steingruber |chapter=Indigo and Indigo Colorants |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |date=2004 |publisher=[[Wiley-VCH]] |location=Weinheim, Germany |doi=10.1002/14356007.a14_149.pub2|isbn=3527306730 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Fún àwọn àwò aṣọ sòkòtò denim mìíràn, àwọn àwò aró mìíràn ni wọn nílò láti lò. Lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́, àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn pèlò ni oríṣiríṣi àwò tí wọ́n bá fẹ́ pẹ̀lú òwú.

Fún àwọn òye àti ìmọ̀ nípa ríre aṣọ ni aró, ká síwájú sí ní ibí [[:en:Denim#Dyeing|denim]] àti níbi abala àríwísí Aró Atọwọ́dá.

=== Sáájú-Ìmúsúnkì ===
[[File:Group at Piazza del Popolo, Rome.jpg|thumb|left|Crowd of people wearing a variety of jean styles, including [[:en:Carpenter_jeans|carpenter jeans]], [[:en:Bootcut_jeans|bootcut jeans]], [[:en:Drainpipe_jeans|drainpipe jeans]] and [[:en:Low-rise_jeans|lowrise jeans]] (Rome, 2008)]]

Ní ọdún 1962, Levi Strauss ṣe àfihàn àwọn ṣòkòtò oní-Ìsúnkì (àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì Lee ati Wrangler tí wá ní oní-ìsúnkì tipé-tipé); àwọn eleyi ò súnkì lẹ́yìn rírà wọn, lèyí tí ó fún àwọn tí wọ́n bá ra ni àyè láti ra ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó jẹ́ dèdé wọn. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ti súnkì tí pò lára àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì ni òde òní. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009083805/http://levistrauss.com/sites/levistrauss.com/files/librarydocument/2012/8/2012-company-timeline-short.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Levi Strauss &amp; Co. Timeline |access-date=November 23, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì yí ni wọn mò ń gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì 505. Àwọn sòkòtò jìínsì 505s óun na fi ara jọ ṣòkòtò 501s Pẹ̀lú ìyàtọ̀ ojú ihò zíípù. Ilé iṣẹ́ Levi's Corporation tún ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò slim boot-cut tí won ń pè ni 517 àti 527. Ìyàtò tí ń bẹ ní àárín àwọn méjèèjì ní pe 517s jòkọ́ ni orí ìgégérù ìdí ti 527s sì wà ní abé ilà-Ìbàdí. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na, Levi's ṣe àfikún àwọn ṣòkòtò mìíràn òmíràn-rán bí ṣòkòtò èyí tí ó fè, èyí tí ó tóbi, èyí tí ó fún ní ẹnu ẹsẹ̀.

=== Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n mú ìyípadà àrà dé bá lẹ́yìn rírán ===
[[File:Reagan_with_horse.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ronald Reagan]] wearing stonewash denim associated with [[:en:Western_clothing|Western clothing]], 1970s]]

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n wuyì lójú ni wọn mú àyípadà ọ̀tún dé bá lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n gé, tí wọ́n sì rán wọn. Púpò nínú àwọn èwù tí wọ́n fi asọ denim rán ni wọn fò lójúnà áti lè mú àdínku de ba ìsúnkì [[:en:Shrinkage_(fabric)|shrinkage]] aṣọ na. Àwọn aṣọ denim tí wọ́n bá fò dadada ma ń jó aso tí wọ́n ti ń lọ fún ìgbà pípẹ́. Látàrí bí ewa rẹ, wọn tún mọ̀ lọ àwọn kẹ́míkà láti lè mú kí aṣọ denim fi ojú sísá hàn pẹ̀lú àwọn ọ̀nà àtọwọ́dá orisirisi bí [[:en:Stone_washing|stone washing]].

Lílọ àwọn kẹ́míkà &quot;[[:en:Stone_washing|acid wash]]&quot; láti fò aṣọ denim ni wọn ṣe pèlò fífi àwọn kẹ́míkà bí acryl resin, phenol, hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, caustic soda, acids áti beebelo bóo.&lt;ref&gt;''Der Preis der Bluejeans'' documentary by Studio Hamburg 2012&lt;/ref&gt;

Botilejepe Aṣọ jìínsì yíya tàbí yíya aṣọ lójúnà áti ṣe ní òsó ( [[:en:Distressing|distressing]]) mó ń wáyé bí aṣó bá ti gbó, ṣùgbọ́n ni ìgbà mìíràn, àwọn olùgbàtà aṣọ má ń yaá pẹ̀lú bi ó ṣe jẹ́ wí pé aso tí wọ́n bá yaa tàbí tí ó ní ojú gbígbó má ń tà kíá kíá. Bí àpẹẹrẹ, [[:en:Emilio_Pucci|Pucci]] ta &quot;embellished mid-rise boyfriend jeans&quot; fún £600 (US$860).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Am I too old for ... ripped jeans? |author-first=Laura |author-last=Craik |newspaper=[[The Times]] |page=11 |date=March 8, 2014 |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |access-date=June 9, 2016 |archive-date=July 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194903/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/magazine/article4021673.ece |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ìyípadà aṣọ látàrí lílò ====

Bí ó bá pè, àwọn aṣọ denim yio bèrè sí ṣáá, lèyí tí àwọn kan ká kùn òun èsó lábé àwọn àpẹrẹ kòkan. Ní àwọn àkókò tí wọ́n wo, ojú sísá yio bèrè sí mi hàn lára àwọn aso na pápá jùlọ ní àwọn ibi tí ó bá ń rí lílọ ju. Ní ara ṣòkòtò jìínsì, àwọn apẹ̀rẹ̀ agbègbè be a má wá ní orí itan, ìgìtísè, àti àwọn agbègbè ẹyin orúnkún. Ara àwọn àmì apẹ̀rẹ̀ ìdámò ṣòkòtò jìínsì tí òun ti ṣáá ní wọ̀nyí:

* Ìté Oyin (honeycombs) àwọn àpẹẹrẹ ojú ìlà sísá lẹ́yìn orókún

* Àwòrán fífasẹ́yìn lórí Aṣọ Jìnnsì (whiskers) –Dídán lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ ibi awẹ́ (crotch) tàbí itan aṣọ jìnnsì, tí ó sì máa ń jọ irun imú ológbò.

* Àrà kíkárí aṣọ jìnnsì sí orí bàtà (stacks) –  Bí aṣọ ṣe máa ń kárí sínú tí ó sì ń peléke sí orí bàtà rẹ&lt;ref name=&quot;Shapira2016&quot;/&gt;

* Àrà Ìlà lórí Aṣọ Jìnnsì (train tracks) – Àwọn ìlà funfun meji tí ó máa ń farahàn lẹ́gbẹ̀ẹ́ itan aṣọ jìnnsì lẹ́yìn fífọ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Shapira2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/denim-jeans-guide/|title=The Denim Jeans Guide — Gentleman's Gazette|website=www.gentlemansgazette.com|language=en-US|access-date=November 23, 2018|author=Shapira, J.A.|date=December 14, 2016|archive-date=October 26, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064306/https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/denim-jeans-guide/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;gallery mode=packed heights=160&gt;
File:Denim Fibers.jpg|Denim fibers from an old pair of jeans through a microscope
File:Full Count Denim Fade.jpg|alt=|Natural fading on a worn pair of selvedge jeans. Such patterns are sometimes referred to as 'whiskers' or 'honeycombs'.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

===== Àwọn aso jìínsì tí wọ́n yaa lọ́nà òsó =====
[[File: Ramones rocket to russia photo.jpg|right|thumb|upright|[[:en:Punk_rock|Punk rock]] spearheads the [[:en:Ramones|Ramones]] wearing distressed jeans.]]
[[File:Recording artist Leigh Jones entertained troops at Fort Belvoir 090501 (4920457551).jpg|thumb|upright|right|Ripped jeans were worn by singer Leigh Jones in this promotional photo.]]

Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì denim tí wọ́n ya ni yíya òsó jẹyọ láti ara àṣà ìgbàlódé [[:en:Punk_subculture|punk]] ní ọdún 1970s. Àmọ́, ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 1970s tí [[:en:Iggy_Pop|Iggy Pop]] láti [[:en:The_Stooges|The Stooges]] ṣe àfihàn èrò aṣọ yíya nípa òsó ni ori ìtàgé. Lẹ́yìn tí ẹgbé olórin punk [[:en:The_Ramones|The Ramones]] ṣe imujade aṣọ yíya ni ònà ọ̀tún pẹ̀lú àwọn aṣọ tí ó fún móni lára tí wọ́n so di aso ẹgbẹ́ [[:en:Uniform|uniform]] wọn. Eleyi gangan ni ó ṣe àfihàn aso jìínsì yíya gẹ́gẹ́bi aṣọ àwọn olórin Punk ìgbàlódé.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jensen I&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url = https://pleasekillme.com/ripped-jeans/  | title =”Ripped Jeans: From Kate Hepburn to Iggy Pop” | last = Jensen | first = Ingrid | publisher = Please Kill Me| date = 24  July 2019 | accessdate = 15 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Woodward D&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url = https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/33728/1/iggy-pops-top-ten-style-fashion-moments| title =”Ten of Iggy Pop's Stylish Moments” | last = Woodward | first = Daisy | publisher = DAZED| date = 16  November 2016 | accessdate = 15 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Botilejepe àwọn olórin punk kan so yíya òun ìwò di ifi èrò inú wọn hàn lórí Ìsèjoba alasuwada àti ojúkòkòrò àwọn olóko-òwò, ọ̀pọ̀ won ni wọn lọ gẹ́gẹ́bi nkan òsó àwọn tálákà àti gẹ́gẹ́bi ìtakò sì asa iwoso lèyí tí ó papò mo akomona àkọ́lé [[:en:Do-it-yourself|do-it-yourself]] tí àwọn èyàn punk tí wọ́n tako àwọn ìṣẹ́ kan. Gégébí èrò ayélujára &quot;Please Kill Me website&quot;, o se ni àlàyé wípé ni wiwo aṣọ yíya ṣe àfihàn ẹni tí òun ti àwọn ènìyàn so kò ní nkan ṣe pẹ̀lú rẹ tí ó òun ti oun mú inú ara ẹni dún sì jẹ́ òun ti o ṣe pàtàkì jù sí irú àwọn ènìyàn be.”.&lt;ref name=&quot;Jensen I&quot;/&gt;

Ní àwọn ọdún 1980s, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ aṣọ ṣe ìyípadà [[:en:Gentrification|gentrified]] èrò òun pẹ̀lú bi wọn ṣe ṣe àgbéjáde àwọn aṣọ tí ó ní Abẹ́rẹ́ Olórí nínú wọn, lèyí tí ó jẹ́ ki ìtumò àṣà tuntun punk di òtúbánté.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.thenewspaper.ca/the-arts/ |title=Distressed denim: a history |date=September 15, 2023 |access-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522152020/http://www.thenewspaper.ca/the-arts |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Pickering E&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url = https://mtsusidelines.com/2022/04/18/the-history-of-ripped-jeans-through-the-decades/  | title =” The History of Ripped Jeans through the Decades” | last = Pickering| first = Ethan | publisher = MTSU Sidelines | date = 18 April 2022 | accessdate = 15 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt;Aso Denim di òkan gbòógì nínú àwọn aso àfojúsí fún ìlòdì sì àwòn àṣà ìwoso ìgbàlódé pẹ̀lú bi ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ṣe bèrè sí ní wo aso èwù àti ṣòkòtò tí ó ní àwọn nkan òsó bí Pínnì Aláàbò, [[:en:Safety_pins|safety pins]], Abẹ́rẹ́ Olórí, àti àwọn àtẹ̀jáde Ọ̀rọ̀-ìpinnu. Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ àṣà na ni ó tún di gbajúmọ̀ padà ní àwọn ọdún 1990s Pẹ̀lú bí aṣọ àṣà [[:en:Grunge_fashion|grunge fashion]] ṣe jẹyọ. Àwọn aṣọ grunge àwọn ọ̀dọ́ je aṣọ jìínsì tí ó tóbi tí wọ́n yà gẹ́gẹ́ bí àrà, èwù [[:en:Flannel|flannel]] tàbí Aṣọ ti wọ́n fi irun àgùntàn hun bí [[:en:Pendleton_Woolen_Mills|Pendletons]] tí wọ́n rán lórí aṣọ èwù. Ihà ìtàpá sí àṣà aṣọ wíwò òun ló sọ asa &quot;casual chic&quot; di gbajúmọ̀ títí wo àwọn ọdún 2000s.

=== Ipa lórí Àyíká àti fífi ìjé ọmọ ènìyàn Ẹ̀dá síwájú ===

Eyo aṣọ jìínsì aláwò búlù kan yio lọ ìwọ̀n omi {{Convert|3479|L|gal}} ni àkókò ayé rẹ. Eléyí pẹ̀lú àwọn omi tí wọ́n fi gbìn òwú, tí wọ́n fi ṣe aṣọ na àti gbogbo ìgbà tí ẹni tí ó rá yio fi fo aso na.&lt;ref name=&quot;Kaufman_2011&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Changes in the Air - Stone-Washed Blue Jeans (Minus the Washed) |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |location=San Francisco, California, US |date=November 1, 2011 |author-first=Leslie |author-last=Kaufman |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/02/science/earth/levi-strauss-tries-to-minimize-water-use.html |access-date=March 10, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710070856/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/02/science/earth/levi-strauss-tries-to-minimize-water-use.html |archive-date=July 10, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;  {{anchor|Droptima}}Ní àkókò tí wọ́n ń bá ṣe aso jìínsì, dédé iye omi tí wọ́n má ń lọ tí wọ́n ń bá ń lọ ẹ̀rọ Pullman ń má ń to àádọ́rùn omi lítà kan fún jìínsì kan àmọ́ tí wọ́n lè dínkù Étàdínlógbòn lítà nípa lílo àwọn ẹ̀rọ ìgbàlódé &quot;frontloaders&quot; .&lt;ref name=&quot;Klink_2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=DROPTIMA vs. industrielle Standard-Verfahren |language=de |editor-first=Thomas Michael |editor-last=Klink |date=2022 |work=Droptima - The Ecological Washing Technology |publisher=Klink Textile Pflege-Dienste |location=Salzgitter, Germany |url=https://droptima.eco/#vergleich |access-date=July 10, 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710070514/https://droptima.eco/#vergleich |archive-date=July 10, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ọ̀nà ìgbàlódé ask fífọ̀ bí 'Droptima' Le mú àdínku dé bá dórí mítà omi mẹ́fà omi títún àti mítà omi mẹ́rìn omi àlòkù.&lt;ref name=&quot;Klink_2022&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;IKU_2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Droptima - Abwasserfreie Wasch-Technologie |language=de |date=2022 |publisher=[[Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI]] |location=Karlruhe, Germany |department=IKU Newsroom |url=https://www.newsroom-iku-innovationspreis.de/iku-newsroom/aktuelles/Kandidaten-2022/Klink.php |access-date=July 10, 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220709234901/https://www.newsroom-iku-innovationspreis.de/iku-newsroom/aktuelles/Kandidaten-2022/Klink.php |archive-date=July 9, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ISI_2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Klink Textile Pflege-Dienste: Kooperation mit Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern bei technischen oder sozialen Innovationen für Umwelt- und Klimaschutz – Preisträger 2022 |language=de |date=2022 |work=Innovationspreis für Klima und Umwelt (IKU) |publisher=[[Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI]] |location=Karlsruhe, Germany |url=https://www.iku-innovationspreis.de/iku-info/preistraeger/2022/klink.php |access-date=July 9, 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710074925/https://www.iku-innovationspreis.de/iku-info/preistraeger/2022/klink.php |archive-date=July 10, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dontscheff_2022&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Unternehmen aus Salzgitter will zig Millionen Kubikmeter Wasser retten - Für eine Neuerung der Jeans-Produktion gab es den Innovationspreis für Klima und Umwelt des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Umwelt. |language=de |author-first=Alexander |author-last=Dontscheff |date=May 30, 2022 |website=regionalHeute.de |department=Salzgitter |publisher=Medien für die Region GmbH |publication-place=Wolfenbüttel, Germany |url=https://regionalheute.de/salzgitter/unternehmen-aus-salzgitter-will-zig-millionen-kubikmeter-wasser-retten-salzgitter-1653913331/ |access-date=July 10, 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710095859/https://regionalheute.de/salzgitter/unternehmen-aus-salzgitter-will-zig-millionen-kubikmeter-wasser-retten-salzgitter-1653913331/ |archive-date=July 10, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìpèsè àwọn aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n dàbí pé wọ́n ti lọ wọn rí tẹ́lẹ̀ mo ń ní àwọn ìpalára fún àwọn àyíká wa, ìpalára òun ni ó ní ṣe pẹ̀lú ọ́nà tí wọ́n bá gba ṣe àwọn òun èlò tí wọ́n fi pèsè aṣọ na. Lilo Sandblasting áti sandpaper le fa àìsàn [[:en:Silicosis|silicosis]] fún àwọn òṣìṣẹ́, ní Turkey, ó kéré jù lọ, àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ bí ẹgbẹ̀rún márùn-ún (5,000) òun ni wọn ti lùgbàdì àìsàn yí, tí mẹ́rìndínláàdọ́ta (46) sì ti pàṣè àìsàn na kú. Awon ile ise ìpèsè aṣọ jìínsì kan tí kéde ìfòfindè lílọ sandblasting.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Sandblasted jeans: Should we give up distressed denim? |author-first1=Cordelia |author-last1=Hebblethwaite |author-first2=Anbarasan |author-last2=Ethirajan |publisher=[[BBC World Service]] |date=October 1, 2011 |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-15017790 |access-date=July 10, 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710080446/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-15017790 |archive-date=July 10, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìtọ́jú àti Wíwò ==

Bótilèjépé òpò aṣọ jìínsì ni wọn ti súnkì láti ilé iṣẹ́, wọn si tún lè súnkì síwájú sí pẹ̀lú ìpàdánù àwò ara wọ látàrí fífọ̀. Ìpè iṣẹ́ aṣọ Levi Strauss gba ni ìmọ̀ràn láti mọ ṣe mọ fo aṣọ jìínsì ni òpò ìgbà. &lt;ref name=&quot;Wash My Jeans? Hardly&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.levistrauss.com/blogs/wash-my-jeans-hardly |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100911121229/http://www.levistrauss.com/blogs/wash-my-jeans-hardly |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 11, 2010 |publisher=LS&amp;CO. UNZIPPED |title=Wash My Jeans? Hardly. |date=July 30, 2012 |access-date=September 12, 2026 |archivedate=September 11, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100911121229/http://www.levistrauss.com/blogs/wash-my-jeans-hardly |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eléyi àti àwọn ìmọ̀ràn miran láti mọ ṣe mọ fo aṣọ jìínsì òun ni wón rí àtakò. Cory Warren, olóòtú ìròyìn ni ''LS&amp;Co. Unzipped'', ṣe ìtúpalẹ̀ àwọn àtakò won yí nínú àtẹ̀jáde èèsì rẹ kan:

{{blockquote|text= ìmọ̀ràn tí àwa fún yín ní pe ki ẹ mọ fòó ni èkòkan, àmọ́ ni inú ara yín, ẹ mọ oun ti ó tó. Ọjọ́ tí òrùn bá mú, ẹ sisé ìdọ̀tí? Edákun ẹ fọ aso yín ó. Ọjọ́ tí òtútù mú, isé ọ́físì ni ẹ ṣe? Bóyá ẹ lè wọ ni èmejì kí ẹ tó kó wọn lọ sínú èrò ìfoso fún fífọ̀. Ní tèmi, bí mo bá wo aṣọ lọ sí ibise ni ọjọ Etì tí ojú ọjọ́ sì tutù, mo sábà má tun wò ní ọjọ́ àbáméta. Tí òjò àbáméta bá sì jẹ́ èyí tí mo lò ní inú ilé, mo tún lè wọ ni ọjọ Àìkú.|sign=Corey Warren&lt;ref name=&quot;Wash My Jeans? Hardly&quot;/&gt;}}

Fún àwọn ẹlòmíràn tí wọ́n ó nífé sì fifo aso jìínsì wọn ní gbogbo ìgbà, àwọn ìmọ̀ràn Ìtọ́kasí kan sọ pé kí wọ́n sọ sínú fíríjì láti dènà àwọn kòkòrò tí wọ́n fa òórùn. Ṣùgbọ́n , ìmọ̀ràn yí ni ìwádìí ìjìnlè tí fi idi rẹ múlè pé irọ́ ni.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=History, Travel, Arts, Science, People, Places &amp;#124; Smithsonian |url=http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/science/2011/11/the-myth-of-the-frozen-jeans/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111150041/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-myth-of-the-frozen-jeans-129092730/ |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |access-date=October 28, 2015 |publisher=Blogs.smithsonianmag.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ọ̀rọ̀ ìpèléjó ==
===Èsùn ìfipá báni lòpò ní Italy ===


Ní [[Rome]], Italy, ní ọdún 1992, wọ́n fi ẹ̀sùn ìfipá bánilòpò kan olùkọ́ni lókowà wá kan ọmọ ọdún aárùndínláàádọ́ta. Ni ìgbà tí ó gbé ọmọbìnrin ọmọ ọdún méjìdínlógún kan láti kọ́ ni ọkọ̀ wà ní ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀, wọn fi èsùn kàán wipe ní o fi ipá bá lòpò fún wákàtí mẹ́rìn gbáko, lẹ́yìn na ni ó sọ fún pé bí ó bá sọ fún ẹnikẹ́ni òun yio pa. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà na ni alẹ́, ọmọbìnrin na so fún àwọn òbí rẹ tí àwọn òbí rẹ sì gbà láti pèé ni ẹjọ́. Lẹ́yìn ìgbà tí adájọ́ tí dajo fífi ipá bánilòpò fun tán, ilé ejò gíga tí [[:en:Supreme_Court_of_Cassation_(Italy)|Supreme Court of Cassation]] ní Italy padà yí ìdájọ́ na padà ní ọdún 1998 pẹ̀lú àlàyé pé ọmọbìnrin na wo ṣòkòtò jìínsì tí ó fún Gádí-gádí. Wọn jiyàn pé,ọmọbìnrin na nílò láti rán lọ́wọ́ bo ṣòkòtò rẹ ni lèyí tí ó so di ìbálòpọ̀ àjọṣe [[:en:Consensual|consensual]]. Ile ejó so nínú ọ̀rọ̀ rẹ pé &quot;ó jẹ́ òun mímò pé ó ṣòro láti bo ṣòkòtò jìínsì fífún bí kò bá sì ipa ẹni tí ó wọ níbè&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;Faedi_2009&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |author-last=Faedi |author-first=Benedetta |title=Rape, Blue Jeans, and Judicial Developments in Italy |journal=Columbia Journal of European Law |date=2009 |url=http://www.cjel.net/online/16_1-faedi/ |access-date=April 26, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110828180548/http://www.cjel.net/online/16_1-faedi/ |archive-date=August 28, 2011 }} {{Cite journal |author-last=Faedi |author-first=Benedetta |title=Rape, Blue Jeans, and Judicial Developments in Italy |journal=GGU Law Digital Commons |volume=104 |pages=1–4 |url=https://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/pubs/104/ |access-date=October 17, 2021 |date=2009 |archive-date=March 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308123342/https://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/pubs/104/ |url-status=live |archivedate=March 8, 2022 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308123342/https://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/pubs/104/ |deadurl=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ìdájọ́ ilé ejò òun fà awuyewuye púpò larin awon ajàfétó ọmọbìnrin. Ojo kan lẹ́yìn ìdájọ́ tuntun òun, àwọn obìnrin ní ilé ìgbìmọ̀ ìjọba [[:en:Italian_Parliament|Italian Parliament]] tí Italy ṣe ìwóde Pẹ̀lú wíwo sòkòtò jìínsì pẹ̀lú Pátákó Ìfihàn tí wọ́n kó sì ni ara pé, &quot; Jìínsì: Kí ṣe Ẹ̀rí Ìmúdájú nínú Òfin fun yíyóríbó nínú èsùn ìfipá bánilòpò&quot;gẹgẹbi ifi àtìléyìn hàn. Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin àgbà Ilé California [[:en:California_Senate|California Senate]] áti ilé -Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Olómìnira ti [[:en:California_Assembly|California Assembly]] na si fi owó tí lẹ́yìn. [[:en:Patricia_Giggans|Patricia Giggans]], ẹni tí ṣe olùdarí àgbà fún  Commission on Assaults Against Women (now Peace Over Violence) ní Los Angeles sì so ọjọ́ denim [[:en:Denim_Day|Denim Day]] di ayẹyẹ olódodún. {{as of|2011}} ó kéré jù lọ, àwọn ìpínlẹ̀ ogún ni ọrílé-èdè U.S. Ní wón ti ń ṣe ayẹyẹ ọjọ́ denim nínú oṣù kẹrin. Wiwo aṣọ jìínsì ni ọjọ na ti di àmì ìfi èrò inú hàn tako àwọn ìhà be sì esun ìfipá bánilòpò. Ní ọdún 2008 ilé ejò àgbà tí Supreme Court of Cassation da ìdájọ́ tuntun òun nu, fún ìdí èyí, kò sì òun ti je lílọ Sokoto denim lọ́ wọò gẹ́gẹ́bi Ẹ̀rí Ìmúdájú nínú ejó ìfipá báni lòpò.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Italian court reverses 'tight jeans' rape ruling |url= https://www.independent.ie/world-news/europe/italian-court-reverses-tight-jeans-rape-ruling-26464014.html |date=July 23, 2008 |first=Richard |last=Owen |access-date=January 23, 2021 |work=Irish Independent |location= Dublin}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Faedi_2009&quot;/&gt;

===Èsùn Rokotov-Faibishenko===
{{main|Rokotov-Faibishenko case}}

Ní ọdún 1957, ní àkókò ìgbà ayẹyẹ ọdún kẹfà àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti akẹ́kọ [[:en:6th_World_Festival_of_Youth_and_Students|6th World Festival of Youth and Students]] tí ó wáyé ní [[Moscow]], [[Soviet Union]] ([[Russia]] òde òní), àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì láti apá ìwò òòrùn ni wọn ṣe àfihàn wọn sì apá ọ̀dọ́ ilé Moscow tí ó sì dá akitiyan ńlá Kale lórí rírà rẹ tí wọ́n ṣe àpèjúwe rẹ gẹ́gẹ́bi &quot;jeans fever&quot; ni igba na lóùń. Àwọn ènìyàn nífẹ̀ẹ́ sí àwọn ṣòkòtò búlù apá ilé ìwọ òrùn ju aláwò aro dúdú tí wọ́n ń ṣe ní ilé wọn lọ. Nínú ìròrí àwọn adarí ilé Soviet, irú ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ be ni ó tàbùkù ìje ara ile Soviet tí ó sì dabi ìjáwé olú borí ilé ìwọ òrùn lórí wọn. Ní ọdún 1961, àwọn onífàyàwó méjì kán, Y. T. Rokotov àti V. P. Faibishenko, ní owó bá fún ṣíṣe fàyàwó ọwọ́ ilé òkèrè láti òkè òkun àti àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì búlù àti àwọn ẹrù òfin mìíràn. Lábé Ìsèjoba [[Nikita Khrushchev]], àwọn méjèèjì ní wón dájó ikú fún tí wọ́n sì pa wọ́n.

== Àwọn òun tí ó gbòde ==
=== Ọjà ni Àgbáyé fún Jìínsì ===

Ariwa ilé America kó ìdá 39% nípa jìínsì rírà ni Àgbáyé, lẹ́yìn na ni ó kan apá ìwò ọrùn ilé Europe pẹ̀lú rírà 20%, Japan àti Korea jẹ́ 10% tí gbọgbọ ẹka nínú ayé sì kó ìdá 31% tí ó kù. &lt;ref name=&quot;worldwide denim market report&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.denimsandjeans.com/latest-denim-reports/denim-data-figures/world-denim-market-a-report-on-capacitiesmarket-size-forecasts-etc/ |title=World Denim Market – A Report on Capacities, Market Size, Forecasts etc |work=Denimsandjeans.com |date=October 13, 2009 |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=September 23, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923213525/http://www.denimsandjeans.com/latest-denim-reports/denim-data-figures/world-denim-market-a-report-on-capacitiesmarket-size-forecasts-etc/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn oníbàrá aṣọ jìínsì ni Orílẹ̀ èdè United States na bíllíónù mẹ́rìnlá ọwọ́ Dollar (US$14 billion) lórí rírà jìínsì ni ọdun 2004 àti bíllíónù máárùndínlógbòn dollar (US$15 billion) ní ọdún 2005.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sullivan_2006&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Sullivan |author-first=James |title=Jeans: A Cultural History of an American Icon |date=August 17, 2006 |publisher=[[Gotham Books]] |location=London |isbn=978-1-59240-214-4 |oclc=62697070 |url=https://archive.org/details/jeansculturalhis00sull}}&lt;/ref&gt; àwọn oníbàrá jìínsì ni ọrílé-èdè US ra bíllíónù mẹ́tàlá bélénjá méjọ dollar (US$13.8 billion) lórí aṣọ jìínsì ọkùnrin àti obìnrin ní ìparí oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2011, gẹgẹbi ìwádìí ọjà tí aájò NPD Group ṣe.&lt;ref name=&quot;WSJ&quot;&gt;{{cite news |author-last=Binkley |author-first=Christina |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303365804576429730284498872 |title=How Can Jeans Cost $300? |date=July 7, 2011 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |access-date=August 8, 2017 |archive-date=August 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802195001/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303365804576429730284498872 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Orílẹ̀ èdè Soviet Union ===

Ní orílẹ̀ èdè [[Soviet Union]], jìínsì je àmì ìgbẹ́ ayé àwọn ará ilé ìwò òrùn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Menzel |first1=Rebecca |title=Jeans in der DDR: vom tieferen Sinn einer Freizeithose |date=2004 |publisher=Ch. Links Verlag |isbn=978-3-86153-335-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZUCVNbVrYyEC |language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; eré kìtà-kìtà láti ra aṣọ jìínsì tí wọ́n dàpé ni &quot;jeans fever&quot; ṣẹlẹ̀ ni ọrílé-èdè USSR ni Ọdún 1957 ni àkókò ayẹyẹ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ àti àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ [[:en:World_Festival_of_Youth_and_Students|World Festival of Youth and Students]].&lt;ref name=&quot;rua&quot;/&gt; Gégébí àtẹ̀jáde àkọsílẹ̀ àwọn orúkọ aso ọdún 1961 ni Soviet, jìínsì ni wọn rí bí aṣọ àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ (рабочий костюм, ''rabochii kostyum'').&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author-last=Rabinowitch |author-first=Efimovich Rabinowitch |editor-last=Lupandin |editor-first=K. K. |title=English-Russian Textile Dictionary |publisher=Central Editorial Board, Foreign-Language Scientific and Technical Dictionaries, Fizmatgiz |edition= Second Edition, Revised and Englarged |date=1961 |page=247}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilé iṣẹ́ jìínsì Rokotov àti Fainberg ni won so lórúko olùgbèjà adájọ́ nínú ejò tí Rokotov–Faibishenko, Yan T. Rokotov àti Vladislav P. Faibishenko, tí wọ́n pa lábé èsùn ìṣe fàyàwó jìínsì &lt;ref name=&quot;rua&quot;&gt;Rudevich, Alexei. [http://rbth.com/arts/2014/09/16/worth_going_to_prison_for_getting_hold_of_jeans_in_the_ussr_39833.html Worth going to prison for: Getting hold of jeans in the USSR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140927095516/http://rbth.com/arts/2014/09/16/worth_going_to_prison_for_getting_hold_of_jeans_in_the_ussr_39833.html |date=September 27, 2014 }}. Russia Beyond the Headlines, September 16, 2014. Accessed on November 16, 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bótilèjépé wọn ò fi ìfòfindè aṣọ jìínsì pátápátá, ṣùgbọ́n ask jìínsì ni ó ṣòro rí ní orílẹ̀ èdè Soviet union látàrí bi àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ilé Soviet tí àwọn na fẹ̀ ṣe ìfarawé àwọn gbajúgbajà òṣèré orí ìtàgé ilé ìwò òòrùn ṣe rí wọn bí àmì ìtakò. Ijoba ilé [[:en:Soviet_government|Soviet union]] tako ìṣòwò  ọjà aṣọ jìínsì nítorí bí yio se dabi ẹni wípé ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ fún aṣọ jìínsì ni ọjà   '[[:en:Market_(economics)|market]]' ni ó mú wọn tẹríba, fún ètò orò Ajé [[:en:Capitalist|capitalist]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |author-first=Katherine |author-last=Damm |date=May 9, 2018 |orig-date=2014-09-14 |url=https://www.heddels.com/2014/09/soviet-denim-smuggling-history-jeans-behind-iron-curtain/ |title=Soviet Denim Smuggling—Jeans Behind the Iron Curtain |work=Heddels |access-date=October 13, 2017 |language=en-US |archive-date=October 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014034130/https://www.heddels.com/2014/09/soviet-denim-smuggling-history-jeans-behind-iron-curtain/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ènìyàn sá akitiyan àti ipá wọn láti rí aso ṣòkòtò jìínsì láti ìwò-òòrùn wo.  Èyí sì ṣe okunfa ìdásílẹ̀ ọjà gbàrogùdù ' [[:en:Black_markets|black markets]]' àti ìdásílẹ̀ àwọn àgbélèro ọjà '[[:en:Counterfeit_consumer_goods|bootlegging]]' sòkòtò jìíns lèyí tí ó padà nkan ńlá nínú ìwé ìtàn àṣà  [[:en:History_of_the_Soviet_Union|history of the Soviet Union]].ilé Soviet union&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/32495/1/exploring-the-ussr-s-underground-obsession-with-levi-s-501s |title=Exploring the USSR's underground obsession with Levi's 501s |date=August 19, 2016 |work=Dazed |access-date=October 13, 2017 |language=en |archive-date=October 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013225333/http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/32495/1/exploring-the-ussr-s-underground-obsession-with-levi-s-501s |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Ìyípadà Iṣẹ́-ọjà aṣọ ìdárayá ṣí aṣọ fásíònù nínú ètò ọrọ̀-ajé===

Ní ọdún 2014, àwọn ọ̀dọ́ ń rà àwọn aṣọ ìgbàlódé bi [[:en:Athleisure|athleisure]] láti àwọn àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè aso bí [[:en:Nike,_Inc.|Nike]] àti [[:en:Lululemon|Lululemon]] dípò àwọn aṣọ denim classics láti àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè aṣọ bí [[:en:Abercrombie_&amp;_Fitch|Abercrombie &amp; Fitch]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/how-teens-are-spending-money-2014-4 |title=How Teens Are Spending Money |website=Business Insider |date=April 9, 2014 |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 8, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151108074914/http://www.businessinsider.com/how-teens-are-spending-money-2014-4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[:en:Activewear|Activewear]] ní ọdún 2014 àkọsílẹ̀ rírà aṣọ àwọn ọ̀dọ́ wá ní nkan ni 28%, lèyí tí ó jẹ́ ìdàgbàsókè sì títí 6% ni Ọdún 2008. Ní ọdún 2014, Nike, Lululemon, [[:en:Under_Armour|Under Armour]], àti [[:en:Adidas|Adidas]] jẹ́ ara àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè aso tí wón gbájugbajà larin awon ọ̀dọ́. Àwọn alágbàtà aṣọ tí bèrè sí mú àdínku de ba iye tí wọ́n tá ọjà wọn. Bloomberg filéde pé  ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè aso Levi's dúró ṣinṣin pẹ̀lú aṣọ tí wọ́n mo wọn mó (denim) dípò kí ó tẹ̀lé ojú òpó tuntun ti àwọn oníbàrá aṣọ sún sì. Látàrí èyí, ọwọ́ ọjà tí ń wọlé fún Levi's já wálẹ̀ láti bíllíónù méje Dollar (US$7 billion) sì bíllíónù Mẹ́rìn Bélénjá tondó méjọ (US$4.8 billion) ní ọdún 2015.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author-first=Ashley |author-last=Lutz |url=http://www.aol.com/article/2015/10/11/a-longtime-american-wardrobe-staple-is-in-danger-of-extinction/21247712/ |title=A longtime American wardrobe staple is in danger of extinction |publisher=AOL |date=October 11, 2015 |access-date=October 28, 2015 |archive-date=October 30, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151030095938/http://www.aol.com/article/2015/10/11/a-longtime-american-wardrobe-staple-is-in-danger-of-extinction/21247712/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kejì ọdún 2021, wọn ṣe àfihàn pé ìtẹ̀síwájú dé bá ọwọ́ tí [[:en:Athleisure|athleisure]] pa wọlé pẹ̀lú ìlẹ̀kùn bi 84% láti ǹkan bi oṣù kẹèta ọdún 2020 látàrí àtìmọ́lé ìdáàbòbò lọ́wọ́ ààrùn COVID-19.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bottomley |first=Tom |date=February 17, 2021 |title=Athleisure orders rise by 84% since start of pandemic |url=https://www.theindustry.fashion/athleisure-orders-rise-by-84-since-start-of-pandemic/ |access-date=October 20, 2022 |website=TheIndustry.fashion |language=en-GB |archive-date=October 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020145253/https://www.theindustry.fashion/athleisure-orders-rise-by-84-since-start-of-pandemic/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Àwọn àtúnṣe nípa ìrísí ṣòkòtò jìínsì ==

* Cigarette: Tí wón se lọ́nà tí yíò je ki o fún sugbon ko fún gádí-gádí mo itan àti gìgìtísè&lt;ref name=&quot;Adhav_2020&quot;/&gt;
* Cropped: Sòkòtò tí wọ́n gé ni ẹsẹ̀ tí kò gùn ju orí Kókó-ẹsẹ̀ lọ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Adhav_2020&quot;/&gt;
* Relaxed&lt;ref name=&quot;Adhav_2020&quot;/&gt;
* Skinny: Sòkòtò tí wọ́n rán tí ó fún mo ara gádí-gádí&lt;ref name=&quot;Adhav_2020&quot;/&gt;
* Wide-leg; or with cropped variant: sòkòtò èyí je eyi ti o má ń dúró ní orí ìlà ìgégérù ìdí, tí ó sì má ń tobi níwònba soro láti orunkun de kókó ẹsẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;Adhav_2020&quot;/&gt;
* Mom/Mum: Sòkòtò jìínsì tí òun má dúró ní orí òkè ìgégérù ìdí ti o si tobi ni ọwọ́ itan pẹ̀lú ẹnu ti o fún pò díẹ̀ ni ọwọ́ ìsàlẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;published&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |author1=Charlie Bell |date=January 24, 2022 |title=Boyfriend jeans vs mom jeans: what's the difference, and which is best for your style? |url=https://www.womanandhome.com/fashion/mom-jeans-vs-boyfriend-jeans-whats-the-difference-386300/ |access-date=October 20, 2022 |website=Woman and Home Magazine |language=en |archive-date=October 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020152043/https://www.womanandhome.com/fashion/mom-jeans-vs-boyfriend-jeans-whats-the-difference-386300/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Straight-leg: Awon ṣòkòtò jìínsì irú èyí má ń wálẹ̀ sooro láti òkè de ìsàlẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Paul |title=What Are Straight Leg Jeans? (Explained) |url=https://workwearcommand.com/straight-leg-jeans/ |access-date=October 20, 2022 |website=Work Wear Command |language=en-US |archive-date=October 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020152044/https://workwearcommand.com/straight-leg-jeans/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Boyfriend: Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì eleyi má ń dúró ní orí ìka ìgégérù ìdí ti o si má ń tobi díẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;published&quot;/&gt;
* Flared, tàbí [[:en:Bell-bottoms|bell-bottomed]]: Ní òpò ìgbà, ṣòkòtò jìínsì irú èyí ma ń fún ní owó itan sugbon yio fe ni ọwọ́ ìsàlẹ̀ ẹsẹ̀ bèrè láti orókún.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=July 23, 2014 |title=The Difference Between Bootcut, Straight, Skinny, and Flare-Legged Jeans |url=https://outfitideashq.com/difference-bootcut-straight-skinny-flare-legged-jeans/ |access-date=October 20, 2022 |website=Outfit Ideas HQ |language=en-US |archive-date=October 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020152045/https://outfitideashq.com/difference-bootcut-straight-skinny-flare-legged-jeans/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[:en:High-waisted_jeans|High-waisted jeans]] Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ma ń dúró ní orí idodo di gbajúmọ̀ ni àwọn àkókò ìgbà ọdún 1970s, ṣùgbọ́n tí wọ́n tún ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ bèrè sí mo di gbajúmọ̀ ni òde òní. Àwọn ṣòkòtò tí wọ́n ma ń dúró ní orí idodo òní won ṣe dámọ̀ pẹ̀lú bi won ṣe má ń dúró lórí idodo. Won lè fún mo ara, kí wọ́n tobi, tí wọ́n sì má ń wá ní oríṣiríṣi àwò àti ìrírí.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |chapter=high-rise |date=2022 |chapter-url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501365287.1334 |title=The Fairchild Books Dictionary of Fashion |page=75 |access-date=June 24, 2023 |publisher=Fairchild Books |doi=10.5040/9781501365287.1334 |isbn=978-1-5013-6669-7 |archive-date=October 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026064309/https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.5040%2F9781501365287.1334 |url-status=live |chapter-url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Jìnnsì tí ó má ń jòkọ́ sì òkè ìbàdí ===

Àwọn ọníròyìn filéde ni ọdun 2017 wipe ni awuyewuye ọ̀tún lórí àwọn jìínsì tí wọ́n ń jòkọ́ ni ìsàlẹ̀ ìbàdí ' [[:en:Low-rise_pants|low-rise jeans]]', tí ó jẹ́ gbajúmọ̀ ni àwọn nkan bí ọdún 1990s àti 2000s, òun ni ó tún ti ń padà gba òde látàrí ìfẹ́ tí wọ́n ní sì àṣà aṣọ wíwò ọ̀tun kan tí ń jẹ Y2K. 

Ní àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún 2000s, ṣòkòtò jìínsì tí ó dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ ìbàdí òun ni wón sábà má ń rí ní àwọn ibi ayẹyẹ àjọ̀dún àwọn gbajúmọ̀ olórin bí [[:en:Britney_Spears|Britney Spears]], [[Jennifer Lopez]], [[:en:Paris_Hilton|Paris Hilton]], [[:en:Gwen_Stefani|Gwen Stefani]] àti [[Christina Aguilera]],tí wọ́n ní afijo pẹ̀lú àṣà ìwoso Y2K. No Odún 2021, iwadi ni ori èrò ayélujára fi hàn wípé ni àṣà ìwoso 'y2k fashion' òun ni ó tún ní ìdàgbàsókè 193%,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 23, 2021 |title=The Anatomy of a Trend: Y2K |url=https://blog.trendalytics.co/2021/08/23/anatomy-trend-y2k |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020145932/https://blog.trendalytics.co/2021/08/23/anatomy-trend-y2k |archive-date=October 20, 2022 |access-date=October 20, 2022 |website=blog.trendalytics.co |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; lèyí tí ó fi hàn wípé ni àṣà ìwoso tí ń padà wá, tí aṣọ jìínsì tí òun dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ ìbàdí sì ti ń di nkan iyì ni àárín àwọn ọ̀dọ́langba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Jennings |first=Rebecca |date=April 6, 2021 |title=Low-rise jeans are back. Try not to scream. |url=https://www.vox.com/the-goods/22364404/low-rise-jeans-trend-y2k-fashion |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020145930/https://www.vox.com/the-goods/22364404/low-rise-jeans-trend-y2k-fashion |archive-date=October 20, 2022 |access-date=October 20, 2022 |website=Vox |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=January 15, 2022 |title=Low rise jeans are back – and the lower the better |url=https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2022/jan/15/low-rise-jeans-are-back-and-the-lower-the-better |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020145930/https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2022/jan/15/low-rise-jeans-are-back-and-the-lower-the-better |archive-date=October 20, 2022 |access-date=October 20, 2022 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 30, 2021 |title=How Low Can These Low-Rise Jeans Go? |url=https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/low-rise-jeans |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020145932/https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/low-rise-jeans |archive-date=October 20, 2022 |access-date=October 20, 2022 |website=Vogue |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì tí òun má ń dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ ìbàdí ni ó má ń wá pẹ̀lú ìwọ̀n {{Convert|2-3|in|cm|0}} tàbí jùbélo wálẹ̀ ni ìsàlẹ̀ idodo.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= https://www.womensweekly.com.sg/shopping/10-types-of-jeans-every-woman-should-have-wardrobe |title=  10 Types Of Jeans Every Woman Should Have In Her Wardrobe |author= &lt;!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--&gt; |date= 26 Oct 2021 |publisher= The Singapore Women's Weekly 
|access-date= 7 April 2026}}&lt;/ref&gt; àwọn ṣòkòtò jìínsì tí ó má ń dúró ní ìsàlẹ̀ ìbàdí tí wọ́n bá ṣe láti ilé iṣẹ́ aṣọ ni jíjìnnà ìlà ìbàdí sì abé ṣòkòtò sábà má ń kéré. Ìrísí àwọn ṣòkòtò yí òun ni wón je kó rí bè látàrí bí wọn ṣe ṣe lèyí tí ó má ń jẹ ki o dabi ẹni wípé ṣòkòtò òun Ṣáàgì tabi wá sí ilé ni ìdí ju bí ótiyẹ lo. Eleyi kí ṣe irú Ṣáàgì ' [[:en:Sagging_(fashion)|sagging]]' , tí àwọn olórin ọkùnrin tàkasúfe sódì gbajúmọ̀ ni àwọn nkan ọdún 1990s o.

== Bí wọn ṣe ń ṣe ṣòkòtò jìínsì láti ilé iṣẹ́ ==

&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot;&gt;
File:Denim Fabric Storing.JPG|Bí wọn ṣe ń kó àwọn jìínsì pamó
File:Denim fabric Cutting Machine.jpg|Èro machini ìgbàlódé Aládàáṣe  tí wọ́n ń fi ń gé aṣọ ni àwọn ile ise RMG. 
File:PP Spray.jpg|Lílọ P P Spray àti P P Sponging láti fi fún àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni ìrísí tuntun. 
File:3D Crinkle on Dummy.jpg|Lilo 3D crunching, láti fun awọn ask jìínsì ni ìpèlé whiskers, àti wrinkles lójúnà áti fún wọn ní ìrísí lílò òòsó.
File:Crinkle on Denim Jeans Pant.JPG|Fifi ojú ìlà rírún sì orí aṣọ jìínsì. 
File:Hand Sanding on Denim Jeans.JPG|Lílọ ọwọ́ láti fi bó ojú aṣọ jìínsì. 
File:Curing.JPG|Lílọ ọoje ara igi (Resin) láti fi ṣe ìtọ́jú aṣọ jìínsì.
File:Tagging.JPG|Ìrán-wà-fún-ìgbà-díẹ̀ nínú Iṣẹ́ Aṣọ (Basting / Tacking Stitch) láti fun ni agbára sì.
File:Denim Washing.JPG|Àwọn ẹ̀rọ tí wọ́n ń lọ láti fi pa aṣọ ni aró àti fò wọ́n.
File:Denim Jeans Pant.jpg|Bí wọn ń ṣe ń fò aṣọ jìínsì àti bí wọn ṣe nò wọ́n sá
File:Denima Jeans Finishin.jpg|Ìpèlé ikehin nínú ìpèsè aṣọ jìínsì fún ọjà 
File:Live model Fitting of Ladies Denim Pant.JPG|Wiwo aṣọ fún olùyàwò Ọmọ-oge
File:Denim Jeans Pant QA checking.JPG|Àtúnyẹ̀wò bí aṣọ ṣe dára sí kí ó tó wo ọjà
File:Denim Jeans Pant Display.JPG|Àwọn aṣọ jìínsì ni ìyára ìyẹ̀wò àwọn aso ni ile ise RMG
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Ó tún lè yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò ==

{{Portal|Fashion}}
* [[:en:Portal:Fashion|Athleisure]]
* [[:en:Baggy_jeans|Baggy jeans]]
* [[:en:Bell-bottoms|Bell-bottoms]]
* [[:en:Shorts#Daisy_Dukes|Daisy Dukes]]
* [[:en:Denim_skirt|Denim skirt]] (&quot;jean&quot; skirt)
* [[:en:Designer_clothing#Designer_jeans|Designer jeans]]
* [[:en:Drainpipe_jeans|Drainpipe jeans]]
* [[:en:Jean_jacket|Jean jacket]]
* [[:en:Jeggings|Jeggings]]
* [[:en:Jorts|Jorts]] (&quot;Sòkòtò jìínsì pénpé &quot;)
* [[:en:Mom_jeans|Mom jeans]]
* [[:en:Trousers_as_women's_clothing|Trousers as women's clothing]]
* [[:en:Western_wear|Western fashion]]

== Àkíyèsí ==
{{notelist}}

==Ìtọ́kasí==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>i315ipt23kbrlbbbou08z8mn94q0rqi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mai Atafo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83897</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637816</id>
      <parentid>636475</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:33:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637816</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4280" sha1="2fqaxtfksolgzqnpri4j5u43rwjxibk" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox person|name=Mai Atafo|image=Mai Atafo at AMVCA 2020.jpg|imagesize=|alt=|caption=Mai Atafo at [[2020 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards]]|birth_name=Ohimai Atafo|birth_date=|birth_place=Ile-Ife, Osun|other_names=|occupation=[[Tailor|Fashion Tailor]]|spouse=|children=|parents=|education=[[City, University of London]]|yearsactive=|website=}}


'''Ohimai Atafo''' ti a mọ si '''Mai Atafo''' ni ojogbon jẹ apẹẹrẹ aṣọ ara ilu Naijiria ti a mọ fun ami iyasọtọ rẹ, ''Mai Atafo'' . Ó gba ìdánilẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Savile Rowní Leeds, United Kingdom, láti di onímọ̀ aṣọ tó mọṣẹ́.  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2014-06-20}} &lt;/ref&gt;

== Ìgbésí ayé ara ẹni ==
A bí Atafo ní Ilé-Ife, Ìpínlẹ̀ Osun, ó sì wá láti ìdílé àwọn ọmọ mẹ́sàn-án. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://stargist.com/entertainment/nigerian_celebrity/mai-atafo-mai-atafo-biography-mai-atafo-wikipedia-mai-atafo-profile-about-mai-atafo/|title=10 Spectacular Things About Popular Stylist And Designer, Mai Atafo|date=2017-03-14|access-date=2026-09-12|archivedate=2018-11-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129225241/https://stargist.com/entertainment/nigerian_celebrity/mai-atafo-mai-atafo-biography-mai-atafo-wikipedia-mai-atafo-profile-about-mai-atafo/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó fẹ́ Christine Atafo, wọ́n sì bí ọmọ kan papọ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt;

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Nígbà tí Atafo padà dé láti United Kingdom ní ọdún 2002, ó di oríṣiríṣi ipò ní ẹ̀ka títà ọjà ní Sìgá ti ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì Amẹ́ríkà ní Nàìjíríà . Lẹ́yìn náà, ó kó lọ sí Guinness Nigeria níbi tí ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Àmì-ìdámọ̀ títí di ìgbà tí ó fi fẹ̀yìntì sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 2010. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-06-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kí Atafo tó kúrò ní Guinness Nàìjíríà, ó dá ilé iṣẹ́ aṣọ ''Mai Atafo Inspired'' sílẹ̀, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/i-quit-as-a-manager-in-guinness-to-go-into-fashion-mai-atafo-celebrity-clothier/|title=I quit as a manager in Guinness to go into fashion –Mai Atafo, celebrity clothier|access-date=2026-09-12|archivedate=2014-07-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140730085039/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/i-quit-as-a-manager-in-guinness-to-go-into-fashion-mai-atafo-celebrity-clothier/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; èyí tí ó gba àfiyèsí àwọn gbajúmọ̀ bíi Omowunmi Akinnifesi,  Banky W, àti IK Osakioduwa . Ó ṣiṣẹ́ fún ìgbà díẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olóòtú Àṣọ fún ''ìwé ìròyìn Genevieve'' . 

Ní ọdún 2011, Mai Atafo Inspired ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ ìlà ìgbéyàwó kan tí a pè ní &quot;Ìgbéyàwó láti ọwọ́ Mai&quot;. 

Atafo n ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí Ìṣẹ̀dá ti Mai Atafo Inspired. Ni afikun, o ni ipa Oludari Ilana ni ile-iṣẹ ipolowo Firehouse Group o si ṣiṣẹ gẹgẹbi emcee fun Miss Nigeria Pageant ni ọdun 2010. Ó tún jẹ́ olórí ìgbìmọ̀ iṣẹ́ fún Future Awards Central. 

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àti yíyàn ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Ọdún
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Ẹ̀ka
! Àbájáde
! Ìtọ́kasí
|-
| 2013
| Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Àṣà Glitz
| ''Apẹẹrẹ Ọdún''|{{Won|Won}}
| 
|-
| 2015
| Ọ̀sẹ̀ Aṣọ àti Ìṣètò Heineken ní Èkó
| ''Apẹẹrẹ Aṣọ Ọkùnrin ti Ọdún''|{{Won|Won}}
| &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=November 1, 2015|title=PHOTOS: Maki Oh, Mai Atafo, Others Emerge Winners Of Fashion Award|url=https://www.legit.ng/624211-photos-maki-oh-mai-atafo-others-emerge-winners-fashion-award.html|access-date=September 12, 2026|archivedate=May 29, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529225824/https://www.legit.ng/624211-photos-maki-oh-mai-atafo-others-emerge-winners-fashion-award.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2017
| Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Àṣà àti Àṣà Abryanz
| ''Àṣeyọrí Àmì Àṣà Ìgbésí Ayé/Àṣà''|{{Won|Won}}
| &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=1 July 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>2fqaxtfksolgzqnpri4j5u43rwjxibk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>James Amuta</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83993</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637781</id>
      <parentid>636458</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:12:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637781</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7687" sha1="9qrohh6k0tsq0vc44aagidu1a60rzo9" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox person|name=James Amuta|image=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date=12 April|birth_place=[[Lagos]], Nigeria|education=|alma_mater=|occupation=Director, Producer, Entrepreneur|organization=|awards=|website=}}


'''James Amuta''' (tí a bí ní ọjọ́ kejìlá oṣù kẹrin) Ó jẹ́ olùgbéjáde fíìmù, olùdarí, olùyàwòrán láti ojú-òfúrufú, àti agbé-iṣẹ́-jáde ní orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà; ní ìlú Èkó ló ti bí i tí ó sì ti dàgbà.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-09-01|title=Complete List Of Winners For The 2018 AMVCA|url=https://guardian.ng/life/complete-list-of-winners-for-the-2018-amvca/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-08-09|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ fún fíìmù ìwé-àkọsílẹ̀ rẹ̀ tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ *Nightfall in Lagos*, èyí tí wọ́n yàn fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ fíìmù ìwé-àkọsílẹ̀ tó dára jùlọ ní ọdún 2018 láti ọwọ́ àwọn olùpèsè àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Award.. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=AMVCA 2018: Full list of winners|url=https://punchng.com/amvca-2018-full-list-of-winners/|access-date=2021-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Iṣẹ́ ọwọ́ ==
Amuta ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbéjáde fíìmù Netflix àtilẹ̀bá tí a gbajúmọ̀ gan-an, &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwGw&quot;&gt;Oloture&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=ISAAC ALOMA JUNIOR: Talents should be prioritised in the entertainment industry|url=https://www.newtelegraphng.com/isaac-aloma-junior-talents-should-be-prioritised-in-the-entertainment-industry/|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;  àti gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbéjáde fíìmù tí ó yọrí sí rere ní ìṣòwò &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwJQ&quot;&gt;, Your Excellence&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Bolanle Austen-Peters announces new film 'Palava' reportedly based on Police brutality|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bolanle-austen-peters-announces-new-film-palava/y10spfj|access-date=2026-09-13|archivedate=2024-11-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130163227/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bolanle-austen-peters-announces-new-film-palava/y10spfj|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Òun ni òǹkọ̀wé àti olùdarí ''BiCuriosity'' tí Colorado Film Institute yàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ẹni tí ó kẹ́yìn nínú àwọn tó wá sí ìparí. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2021-08-14}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Amuta kọ ìwé àti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùgbéjáde lórí ''Collision Course'' tí wọ́n yàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí AFRIFF 2021 Closing Film, &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-10-29|title=Austen-Peters' Collision Course to close film festival|url=https://punchng.com/austen-peters-collision-course-to-close-film-festival/|access-date=2021-12-21|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-10-30|title=Bolanle Austen-Peters' Collision Course to close AFRIFF 2021|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/weekend-beats/bolanle-austen-peters-collision-course-to-close-afriff-2021/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-12-21|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-05-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503024732/https://editor.guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/weekend-beats/bolanle-austen-peters-collision-course-to-close-afriff-2021/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-10-30|title=Bolanle Austen-Peters' 'Collision Course' Outshines Over 4,000 Entries, Selected As AFRIFF 2021 Closing Film|url=https://thenet.ng/bolanle-austen-peters-collision-course-outshines-over-4000-entries-selected-as-afriff-2021-closing-film/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2021-12-21|newspaper=[[The Netng|The NET]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì tún yàn fún ẹ̀bùn mẹ́rin ní Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ African Movie Academy Award 2021, ó sì gba ẹ̀bùn méjì, títí kan Ẹ̀bùn fún Àṣeyọrí nínú Ìtàn Àwòrán. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-11-05|title='Collision Course is Personal to Me' Says James Amuta|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2021/11/05/collision-course-is-personal-to-me-says-james-amuta/|access-date=2021-12-21|newspaper=[[This Day]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Amuta jẹ́ olùgbéjáde &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwRg&quot;&gt;Elesin Oba: The King's Horseman&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;, fíìmù Netflix tí a ṣe àtúnṣe sí ''Death and the Kings Horseman'' ti [[Wọlé Sóyinká|Wole Soyinka]] .  

Amuta tún jẹ́ akéwì, ó sì ní ìwé kan tí a tẹ̀ jáde tí a pè ''ní Enigma: Beyond the Poet'' . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Asemota|first=Stefan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JhYbDAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=Enigma%3A+Beyond+the+Poet+james+amuta&amp;pg=PA13|title=Caught In-Between|date=2016-05-02|location=Germany|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Fíìmù àwòrán ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Ọdún
! Fíìmù
! Ipa
! Àkíyèsí
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2017
| ''Àṣálẹ́ ní Èkó''
| Olùdarí/Olùgbéjáde
| 
|-
| ''Rọpo Wurukum''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Olùyàwòrán sínímà
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2019
| ''[[The Bling Lagosians|Àwọn ará ìlú Lagos]]''
| 
|-
| ''Ọlá Àgbà Rẹ''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Olùgbéjáde
|  
|-
| 2020
| &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwjA&quot;&gt;Olotu&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
| 
|-
| 2021
| ''Ikọ́lẹ́sẹ̀ ìkọlù''
| Òǹkọ̀wé/Olùgbéjáde
| 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2022
| ''Bori tabi Padanu''
| Olùgbéjáde/Olùdarí
| 
|-
| ''Ènìyàn Ọlọ́run''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Olùgbéjáde
| &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|location=Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| ''Elesin Oba, Ẹṣin Ọba''
| 
|-
| 2023
| ''Ìkórè Dúdú''
| Òǹkọ̀wé/Olùdarí/Olùgbéjáde/Olùyàwòrán Sínímà
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2024
| ''Nígbà tí àwọn ohun búburú bá jáde''
| Olùgbéjáde/Olùdarí Àgbà
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | Fíìmù kúkúrú
|-
| ''Ọfẹ-owo''
| Olùdarí
|}

== Àwọn ẹ̀bùn àti yíyàn ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+
!Ọdún
! Ẹ̀bùn
! Ẹ̀ka
! Fíìmù
! Àbájáde
|-
| 2018
| Ẹ̀bùn Àṣàyàn Àwọn Olùwòran Africa Magic
| Fíìmù Àkọsílẹ̀ Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| ''Àṣálẹ́ ní Èkó'' |{{Nom}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-09-04|title=#AMVCA2018: Ali Nuhu wins, dedicates award to cast|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/kannywood/282426-amvca2018-ali-nuhu-wins-dedicates-award-to-cast.html|access-date=2021-08-11|language=en-GB|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2021
| [[Africa Movie Academy Awards (Àwọn Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Akádẹ́mì Fiimu Áfíríkà)|Ẹ̀bùn Ẹ̀ka fíìmù Áfíríkà]]
| Àṣeyọrí nínú eré ìtàgé
| ''Ikọ́lẹ́sẹ̀ ìkọlù'' |{{won}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-09-04|title=#AMVCA2018: Ali Nuhu wins, dedicates award to cast|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/kannywood/282426-amvca2018-ali-nuhu-wins-dedicates-award-to-cast.html|access-date=2021-08-11|language=en-GB|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2022
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Africa Movie Academy Awards (Àwọn Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Akádẹ́mì Fiimu Áfíríkà)|Ẹ̀bùn Ẹ̀ka fíìmù Áfíríkà]]
| Fíìmù Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| ''Ènìyàn Ọlọ́run'' |{{Nom}}
|-
| Fíìmù Nàìjíríà Tó Dáa Jùlọ
| ''Ènìyàn Ọlọ́run'' |{{won}}
|-
| Àwọn Ẹ̀bùn Àṣàyàn Àwọn Awòrán Adánidá ti 2022 ti Africa Magic
| Fíìmù Tó Dáa Jùlọ Ní Ìwọ̀ Oòrùn Áfíríkà
| ''Ikọ́lẹ́sẹ̀ ìkọlù''| {{won}} &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=14 May 2022 |title=AMVCA 2022 winners: Full list of Africa Magic Viewers Choice Award winners |work=BBC News Pidgin |url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-61452928}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>9qrohh6k0tsq0vc44aagidu1a60rzo9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìròyìn àti Ìlànà Ìmọ̀ràn ti Ìpínlẹ̀ Abia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84141</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637767</id>
      <parentid>636554</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:43:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637767</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1308" sha1="rwcxrw2vfgrait6gfciggbq4gsoerv1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox government agency|name=Abia State Ministry of Information and Strategy|type=Ministry|native_name=|logo=|logo_size=|seal=|seal_size=|seal_caption=|formed=|jurisdiction=[[Government of Abia State]]|headquarters=State Government House, [[Umuahia]], [[Abia State]], [[Nigeria]]|coordinates=|budget=|chief1_name=Eze Chikamnayo|chief1_position=Commissioner|chief2_name=|chief2_position=|website=}}


'''Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ìròyìn àti Ìlànà Ìpínlẹ̀ Abia''' ni ilé-iṣẹ́ ìjọba ìpínlẹ̀ tí ó ń sọ fún gbogbo ènìyàn nípa àwọn ètò ìlànà ìjọba àti ìgbésẹ̀ rẹ̀, ó sì ń ṣe àtìlẹ́yìn fún àtúnṣe sí ìmọ̀ àti ẹ̀kọ́ gbogbogbòò. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.newsexpressngr.com/news/detail.php?news=14806&amp;title=Abia-govt-press-bounces-back|title=Abia State Ministry ofAbia govt press bounces back|newspaper=News Express|last=Boniface Okoro|location=[[Umuahia]]|date=5 September 2015|access-date=26 September 2015|archivedate=27 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927145224/http://www.newsexpressngr.com/news/detail.php?news=14806&amp;title=Abia-govt-press-bounces-back|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* Ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Abia

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>rwcxrw2vfgrait6gfciggbq4gsoerv1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ilé Iṣẹ́ Ìtọ́jú àti Ìlànà Ohun Èlò Ìrànlọ́wọ́ ti Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84156</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637768</id>
      <parentid>636573</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:44:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 2 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637768</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5631" sha1="p2gqjk1a8m4vtvgne5wao2qttl4d9wh" xml:space="preserve">
 {{Infobox organization|name=Lagos State Infrastructure Maintenance and Regulatory Agency|formation=2004|image=|purpose=Regulate Utility Infrastructure in Lagos State|headquarters=2 Yusuf Close, Off Bayo Ajayi Street Agidingbi, Phase 2 Ikeja.|leader_title=General Manager/Chief Executive Officer|leader_name=Bisoye Coker-Odusote|website={{URL|https://www.lasimra.gov.ng}}}}

'''Ilé iṣẹ́ ìtọ́jú àti ìlànà ètò ìṣẹ̀dá ìlú Lagos State''' (LASIMRA) ló ń ṣàkóso ètò ìṣẹ̀dá ilé iṣẹ́ ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó|ìpínlẹ̀ Lagos]] . &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-04-20|title=Lagos begins removal of dangerous communication masts|url=https://guardian.ng/technology/lagos-begins-removal-of-dangerous-communication-masts/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-16|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ero-ọkan ile-iṣẹ naa ni lati rii daju pe a ṣetọju awọn ipele ti o yẹ ati imunadoko ninu idagbasoke awọn amayederun.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;Ile-iṣẹ yii jẹ ẹka ti ijọba ti a ṣeto labẹ &quot;Ofin Ijọba Ipinle Eko Nọmba 13 ti oṣu Keje, ti a si tẹjade ninu iwe iroyin ijọba (official gazette) Nọmba 23, iwọn didun 37 ti ọjọ kẹtadinlọgbọn oṣu Kẹjọ, ọdun 2004.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; lábẹ́ àbójútó Ilé Iṣẹ́ Iṣẹ́ àti Ohun Àmúṣe ti ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó .  Gomina Asiwaju [[Bọ́lá Tinúbú|Bola Ahmed Tinubu]] nigba naa lo da LASIMRA sile.  Olórí ọ́fíìsì àjọ náà wà ní 2 Yusuf Close, Off Bayo Ajayi Street, Agidingbi, [[Ikeja]], ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó.

== Àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ==
LASIMRA n ṣakoso idagbasoke amayederun ohun elo ti awọn apa/awọn ile-iṣẹ wọnyi ni Ipinle Eko . Wọn jẹ:

* Awọn ile-iṣẹ epo ati gaasi
* Àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ ìbánisọ̀rọ̀
* Àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ iná mànàmáná. 

== Àwọn ìgbòkègbodò ==

* Ile-iṣẹ naa ṣe ipilẹṣẹ ilu ọlọgbọn fun fifi awọn 3,000 silẹ ti awọn okun waya opitiki ni Iṣẹ akanṣe Infrastructure Duct ti Ipinle Lagos (LASG-UDIP) lati rii daju pe asopọ intanẹẹti jakejado ilu. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Lagos to complete UDIP Project before end of 2021 - LASIMRA Boss|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2021/09/30/lagos-to-complete-udip-project-before-end-of-2021-lasimra-boss/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-16|language=en-US|newspaper=[[P.M. News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-09-08|title=Lagos fibre project to gulp N82b amid RoW charges concerns|url=https://guardian.ng/news/lagos-fibre-project-to-gulp-n82b-amid-row-charges-concerns/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-16|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* LASIMRA ti yọ awọn mast ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ tí a ti kọ̀ sílẹ̀ àti tí kò ní ìpele tó yẹ ní gbogbo ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó. &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2017-08-12|title=Lagos begins standard compliance regulation of telecom infrastructure|url=https://t.guardian.ng/news/lagos-begins-standard-compliance-regulation-of-telecom-infrastructure/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-16|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Illegal Installation: LASIMRA Declares Zero Tolerance, decommissions 95 masts, towers|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2017/08/13/illegal-installation-lasimra-declares-zero-tolerance-decommissions-95-masts-towers/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-16|language=en-US|newspaper=[[P.M. News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ilé iṣẹ́ náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ṣe àyẹ̀wò àwọn ẹ̀rọ amúlétutù (agbára, ìbánisọ̀rọ̀, okùn gaasi àti omi àti àwọn páìpù) lábẹ́ ilẹ̀ àti lórí ilẹ̀, pẹ̀lú èrò láti ṣẹ̀dá ibi ìkópamọ́ ìwé-àkójọpọ̀ ètò ìwífún &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2016-12-24|title=Lagos to audit underground cables, pipes|url=https://t.guardian.ng/news/lagos-to-audit-underground-cables-pipes/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-16|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2016-04-12|title=LASIMRA promises to support state’s IGR drive|url=https://m.guardian.ng/business-services/lasimra-promises-to-support-states-igr-drive/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-16|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ilé iṣẹ́ náà gbé ìgbésẹ̀ lòdì sí fífi àwọn okùn ìbánisọ̀rọ̀ sí àwọn ibi tí kò ṣe pàtàkì sí àti àwọn igi káàkiri ìpínlẹ̀ náà láti rí i dájú pé àwọn olùgbé ìpínlẹ̀ náà ní ààbò nípa àyíká &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2016-09-21|title=LASIMRA insists fiber cables in gutters must go|url=https://guardian.ng/technology/lasimra-insists-fiber-cables-in-gutters-must-go/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-16|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2016-09-15|title=‘Telecoms operators use gutters, trees as right of way in Lagos’|url=https://guardian.ng/news/telecoms-operators-use-gutters-trees-as-right-of-way-in-lagos/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2022-03-16|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* [[Lagos State Ministry of Works and Infrastructure|Ilé-iṣẹ́ Iṣẹ́ àti Ohun Èlò Agbára ti Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó]]

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>p2gqjk1a8m4vtvgne5wao2qttl4d9wh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Oyo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84193</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637770</id>
      <parentid>636612</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:46:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637770</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3614" sha1="q8nz51587g4w9hjrvteusmfcfk2nrrw" xml:space="preserve">
[[File:Oyo_state_Government_house_gate,_Ibadan.jpg|right|thumb| Ẹnubodè ilé ìjọba ìpínlẹ̀ Oyo, Ibadan.]]
'''Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Oyo''' ni apá ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìjọba [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ọ̀yọ́|ìpínlẹ̀ Oyo]] ti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà. Ó jẹ́ ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin tí ó ní àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ méjìlélọ́gbọ̀n tí a yàn láti àwọn agbègbè ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ mẹ́tàlélọ́gbọ̀n ti ìpínlẹ̀ náà pẹ̀lú ìjọba ìbílẹ̀ méjì tí wọ́n ní ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ kan náà. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2019-03-14|title=Full List: See names of Oyo House of Assembly members-elect|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/14/full-list-see-names-of-oyo-house-of-assembly-members-elect/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2020-06-23|newspaper=[[P.M. News]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2019-06-25|title=What happened in Oyo Assembly on Tuesday|url=https://dailypost.ng/2019/06/25/happened-oyo-assembly-tuesday/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2020-06-23|newspaper=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn iṣẹ́ pàtàkì ti Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ni láti ṣe àwọn òfin tuntun, láti ṣe àtúnṣe tàbí láti fagilé àwọn òfin tó wà tẹ́lẹ̀ àti láti ṣe àbójútó àwọn aláṣẹ. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2020-03-03|title=Amotekun: Oyo Assembly passes new security outfit bill into law|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-west/380048-amotekun-oyo-assembly-passes-new-security-outfit-bill-into-law.html|access-date=2020-06-23|language=en-GB|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Oyo Assembly okays Makinde's N20bn loan request|url=https://punchng.com/oyo-assembly-okays-makindes-n20bn-loan-request/|access-date=2020-06-23|newspaper=[[The Punch]]|date=20 May 2020|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2018-03-02|title=Oyo house of assembly passes 2018 budget|url=https://t.guardian.ng/news/oyo-house-of-assembly-passes-2018-budget/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2020-06-23|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626053408/https://t.guardian.ng/news/oyo-house-of-assembly-passes-2018-budget/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2020-02-13|title=Oyo Amotekun bill passes second reading in Assembly|url=https://businessday.ng/uncategorized/article/oyo-amotekun-bill-passes-second-reading-in-assembly/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2020-06-23|newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; A máa ń yan àwọn ọmọ-ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ fún àkókò ọdún mẹ́rin, èyí tí ó bá àkókò iṣẹ́ àwọn aṣòfin ìjọba àpapọ̀ (ilé-ìgbìmọ̀ Àgbà àti Ilé-ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣojú) àti ti Gómìnà ìpínlẹ̀ mu. Ilé-ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ máa ń péjọ ní ìgbà mẹ́ta lọ́sọ̀ọ̀sẹ̀ (ní ọjọ́ Ìṣẹ́gun, ọjọ́rú, àti ọjọ́bọ̀) ní ilé-ìgbìmọ̀ tí ó wà ní olú-ìlú ìpínlẹ̀ náà, ìyẹn ìlú Ìbàdàn.

Agbẹnusọ fún Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ ni [[Adebo Ogundoyin]] . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2019-06-10|title=Oyo assembly elect speaker, deputy, others|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/ssouth-west/334390-oyo-assembly-elect-speaker-deputy-others.html|access-date=2020-06-23|language=en-GB|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>q8nz51587g4w9hjrvteusmfcfk2nrrw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Igbimọ Ẹdun Gbogbo Eniyan ati Idaabobo Ibajẹ ti Ipinle Kano</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84198</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637763</id>
      <parentid>636617</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:29:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637763</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3238" sha1="5iatj956yp19eusf5ybmmburq98jyud" xml:space="preserve">
[[Fáìlì:Kano_State,_road_in_Kano_27.jpg|thumb| Ojú ọ̀nà ní Kano]]
'''Igbimọ Ẹdun ati Atako-ibajẹ ti Ipinle Kano''' (PCACC) Ó jẹ́ ilé-iṣẹ́ ìjọba kan tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 2005 láti kojú ìwà ìbàjẹ́ àti láti yanjú àwọn ẹhónú láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn aráàlú ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Kano, ní Nàìjíríà. PCACC ní iṣẹ́ méjì pàtàkì: láti ṣiṣẹ́ gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣojú fún àwọn aráàlú láti gbọ́ ẹjọ́ wọn (ombudsman) àti láti jẹ́ àjọ tí ń kojú ìwà ìbàjẹ́. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=January 25, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Ìtàn ==
Ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Kano ló dá PCACC sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 2005, lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n ti ṣe òfin Ìgbìmọ̀ Ẹ̀sùn àti Ìdènà Ìwà-ìbàjẹ́ ti ìpínlẹ̀ Kano ti ọdún 2005. A ṣe àtúnṣe sí òfin náà ní ọdún 2008 àti 2016 láti mú kí agbára àti iṣẹ́ PCACC lágbára sí i. PCACC jẹ́ àjọ olómìnira tí kò sí lábẹ́ ìṣàkóso tàbí ìtọ́sọ́nà ẹnikẹ́ni tàbí àṣẹ, àyàfi Gómìnà Ìpínlẹ̀ Kano nígbà tí ó bá ń lo agbára òfin rẹ̀. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Kano State Public Complaints and Anti-Corruption Commission Archives|url=https://gazettengr.com/tag/kano-state-public-complaints-and-anti-corruption-commission/|location=Abuja, Nigeria|access-date=2026-09-14|archivedate=2026-09-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260914192647/https://gazettengr.com/tag/kano-state-public-complaints-and-anti-corruption-commission/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Alága àgbà kan ló ń darí PCACC, tí Gómìnà Ìpínlẹ̀ Kano yàn pẹ̀lú ìfọwọ́sowọ́pọ̀ Ilé Ìgbìmọ̀ Aṣòfin Ìpínlẹ̀ Kano. Àwọn kọmíṣọ́nà mẹ́rin ló ń ran alága àgbà lọ́wọ́, àwọn tó jẹ́ olórí fún ìṣàkóso, ìwádìí, ẹjọ́, àti ẹ̀kọ́ gbogbogbò. Alága àgbà fún PCACC lọ́wọ́lọ́wọ́ ni Muhuyi Magaji Rimin Gado, ẹni tí wọ́n yàn ní ọdún 2015. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Wane ne Muhuyi Magaji Rimin Gado?|url=https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-57726788}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Kano committed to anti-corruption war despite criticism, says anti-graft boss|url=https://punchng.com/kano-committed-to-anti-corruption-war-despite-criticism-says-anti-graft-boss/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù keje ọdún 2022, ilé ìgbìmọ̀ aṣòfin ìpínlẹ̀ Kano gba àbá kan sí ìjọba ìpínlẹ̀ náà láti yọ Rimin Gado kúrò ní ipò rẹ̀. Ṣùgbọ́n gómìnà náà yàn láti dá a dúró títí láé; ṣùgbọ́n ní oṣù kìíní ọdún 2023, ìjọba kéde pé wọ́n ti yọ ọ́ kúrò nípò. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Muntari|first1=Tukur|date=2023-01-26|title=Ganduje sacks suspended anti-graft commission chairman|url=https://punchng.com/ganduje-sacks-suspended-anti-graft-commission-chairman/|accessdate=2024-07-11|journal=[[The Punch]]|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* [[Ìgbìmọ̀ Agbógunti Ìwàọ̀daràn Òkòwó àti Ìnáwó|EFCC]]
* ICPC

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Ìgbófinró ní Nàìjíríà]]</text>
      <sha1>5iatj956yp19eusf5ybmmburq98jyud</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Igbimọ Ẹkọ Ipilẹ Gbogbogbo ti Ipinle Rivers</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84202</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637764</id>
      <parentid>636621</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:31:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637764</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1998" sha1="auv60g4nv4jsrjjguehw9utmzh7wn8o" xml:space="preserve">
'''Igbimọ Ẹkọ Ipilẹ Agbaye''' ( '''UBEB''' ) Ó jẹ́ àjọ ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Rivers tí a ti fi iṣẹ́ lé lọ́wọ́ láti pèsè ètò-ẹ̀kọ́ ìpìlẹ̀ tí ó jẹ́ ọ̀fẹ́, tí ó sì jẹ́ dandan fún gbogbo àwọn ọmọdé tí ó tó ọjọ́-orí láti lọ sí ilé-ìwé ní ​​ìpínlẹ̀ náà. Ilé-iṣẹ́ pàtàkì rẹ̀ wà ní 16A Elechi Beach Road ní Port Harcourt. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sir Oruitemeka's: Commendable Footprints In Rivers State Subeb|url=http://www.nationalnetworkonline.com/VOL7/vol9n16/subeb.html|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|date=13 May 2015|access-date=2015-12-14|newspaper=[[National Network (newspaper)|National Network]]|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304233522/http://www.nationalnetworkonline.com/VOL7/vol9n16/subeb.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Òfin UBE (2005) ni ó dá Ìgbìmọ̀ náà sílẹ̀, pẹ̀lú Ilé-iṣẹ́ Ẹ̀kọ́ ti Ìpínlẹ̀ Rivers tí ó ń ṣàkóso iṣẹ́ rẹ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;ube&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Laws of Rivers State of Nigeria: An Encyclopaedic Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cdgp_pmP00gC&amp;dq|access-date=13 May 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Díẹ̀ lára àwọn iṣẹ́ pàtàkì rẹ̀ ni gbígbọ́ràn ìjọba lórí ìdàgbàsókè ẹ̀kọ́ ìpìlẹ̀, ìṣàkóso àwọn iṣẹ́ olùkọ́ àti àwọn òṣìṣẹ́ tí kìí ṣe olùkọ́, gbígbé ẹ̀tọ́ àwọn ọmọdé sí ẹ̀kọ́ ga. Gomina ni ó yan àwọn ọmọ ìgbìmọ̀ pẹ̀lú Alága . Láti oṣù kìíní ọdún 2015, alága ìgbìmọ̀ náà ni Sir Alli. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=RSG, UNESCO Sign Pact On Education Dev|url=http://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2015/01/28/rsg-unesco-sign-pact-on-education-dev/|location=Port Harcourt, Nigeria|access-date=13 May 2015|newspaper=[[The Tide (Nigeria)|The Tide]]|date=28 January 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wo tun ==

* Ìjọba Ìpínlẹ̀ Rivers
{{Clear}}

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>auv60g4nv4jsrjjguehw9utmzh7wn8o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ilé Àkójọ Àwọn Ọ̀nà Yemisi Shyllon</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84256</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637769</id>
      <parentid>637149</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:46:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637769</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9381" sha1="n7lg9i4ifc1kpcapwzatrsbds9n741m" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;infobox vcard&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-image&quot; |[[File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art_Logo.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art_Logo.png|frameless]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-image&quot; |[[File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art_(YSMA)_.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art_(YSMA)_.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-image&quot; |&lt;mapframe zoom=&quot;13&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; frameless=&quot;1&quot; height=&quot;200&quot; width=&quot;250&quot;&gt;[
{&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art&quot;,&quot;fill-opacity&quot;:0.1,&quot;stroke&quot;:&quot;#525252&quot;,&quot;stroke-width&quot;:3,&quot;fill&quot;:&quot;#dbdbdb&quot;},&quot;type&quot;:&quot;ExternalData&quot;,&quot;service&quot;:&quot;geoshape&quot;,&quot;ids&quot;:&quot;Q109255796&quot;},
{&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;stroke-width&quot;:3,&quot;stroke&quot;:&quot;#525252&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art&quot;},&quot;type&quot;:&quot;ExternalData&quot;,&quot;service&quot;:&quot;geoline&quot;,&quot;ids&quot;:&quot;Q109255796&quot;},
{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Feature&quot;,&quot;geometry&quot;:{&quot;coordinates&quot;:[3.854956,6.488203],&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;},&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;marker-color&quot;:&quot;#919090&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art&quot;,&quot;marker-symbol&quot;:&quot;museum&quot;}}
]&lt;/mapframe&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;infobox-caption&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Established
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |October&amp;nbsp;18, 2019&lt;span class=&quot;noprint&quot;&gt;&amp;#x3B;&amp;#x20;6 years ago&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;span class=&quot;bday dtstart published updated&quot;&gt;2019-10-18&lt;/span&gt;)
|- class=&quot;adr&quot;
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Location
| class=&quot;infobox-data locality&quot; |Lekki, Nigeria
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Coordinates
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;geo-inline&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_of_Art&amp;params=6.488203_N_3.854956_E_type:landmark &lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot; class=&quot;geo-dms&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;6°29′18″N&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;3°51′18″E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;&amp;#xFEFF; / &amp;#xFEFF;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot; class=&quot;geo-dec&quot;&gt;6.488203°N 3.854956°E&lt;/span&gt;&amp;#xFEFF; / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;6.488203; 3.854956&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Type
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[:en:Art_museum|Art museum]]
|-
! scope=&quot;row&quot; class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; |Website
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |&lt;span class=&quot;url&quot;&gt;[https://museum.pau.edu.ng/ museum.pau.edu.ng] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814212230/https://museum.pau.edu.ng/explore/virtual-tour |date=2022-08-14 }}&lt;/span&gt;
|}
'''Ilé ọnà Yémísí Syllon''' jẹ́ ilé-ìṣefihàn tí ó wà lábẹ́ ìṣàkóso aládàáni, tí ó sì wà ní àgbàgbà ibùdó Yunifásítì Pan-Atlantic ní Ìpínlẹ̀ Èkó, ní Nàìjíríà.

== Ìtàn ==
Ero lati ṣeto ile-iṣafihan iṣẹ-ọnà (museum) ni ile-ẹkọ giga ti wa ni ilana fun igba pipẹ. Ni oṣu Kẹrin ọdun 2011, ile-ẹkọ giga naa gbe igbesẹ kan si ọna yii nipa ṣiṣi &quot;Virtual Museum of Modern and Contemporary Nigerian Art&quot; (Ile-iṣafihan Iṣẹ-ọnà Naijiria ti ode-oni lori ayelujara) lori oju-iwe ayelujara rẹ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art|url=https://museum.pau.edu.ng/about/history|website=museum.pau.edu.ng|access-date=2 August 2023|archive-date=25 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525011909/https://museum.pau.edu.ng/about/history|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Bi akoko ti n lọ, ile-ẹkọ giga gba awọn imọran lati ọdọ awọn olugba ati olutọju iṣẹ-ọnà (collectors) oriṣiriṣi ni Naijiria, ti wọn fẹ lati ṣe iranlọwọ lati ṣeto ile-iṣafihan iṣẹ-ọnà ni PAU. Botilẹjẹpe ko si ọkan ninu awọn imọran wọnyi ti o di otitọ, ile-ẹkọ giga naa fi awọn eto fun ile-iṣafihan iṣẹ-ọnà ti ọjọ iwaju kun Eto Idagbasoke Gbogbogbo (Masterplan) akọkọ rẹ fun idagbasoke agbegbe ile-iwe akọkọ rẹ ni Ibeju Lekki.

Ní ọdún 2012, lẹ́yìn àkọsílẹ̀ àkọ́kọ́ tí yunifásítì àti àwọn olùdámọ̀ràn àwòrán ṣe, wọ́n ṣe àwọn àwòrán àkọ́kọ́ fún ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà. Lẹ́yìn náà, ní oṣù kẹsàn-án ọdún 2014, Prince Yemisi Shyllon, olùkó àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà, gbé àbá kan kalẹ̀ fún yunifásítì náà, ó sì fún wọn ní àwọn iṣẹ́ láti inú àkójọ rẹ̀ láti kó sí ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé-sí yunifásítì náà. Yunifásítì náà gba ìmọ̀ràn rẹ̀, ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2015, àwọn ẹgbẹ́ méjèèjì fọwọ́ sí àdéhùn kan, wọ́n sì dá Ilé Àkójọ Àwọn Ọnà Yémísí Shyllon sílẹ̀. Àdéhùn náà mú kí Prince Shyllon fi ẹgbẹ̀rún kan (1,000) iṣẹ́ ọnà láti inú àkójọ rẹ̀ fún ilé àkójọ àwọn ohun èlò ìṣẹ̀dá tuntun. Ni afikun, o ṣe ileri lati pese atilẹyin owo fun ikole ati idaduro igba pipẹ ti ile musiọmu naa nipasẹ awọn sisanwo deede.

Ní àárín ọdún 2015, yunifásítì yan Redgrey Associates, ilé-iṣẹ́ kan tí ó wà ní ìlú Èkó, gẹ́gẹ́ bí olùdámọ̀ràn fún iṣẹ́ náà. Ìtumọ̀ àti ìṣètò ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé-sí náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í yípadà. Ní oṣù Kejìlá ọdún 2018, wọ́n yan Jess Castellote, ẹni tí ó ti ṣiṣẹ́ pọ̀ lórí àwòrán ilé náà tẹ́lẹ̀, gẹ́gẹ́ bí Olùdarí àkọ́kọ́ ní ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà. Wọ́n parí kíkọ́ ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní Okudu kẹfà ọdún 2019, wọ́n sì ṣí i fún gbogbo ènìyàn ní oṣù kẹwàá ọdún kan náà.

== Àwọn àkójọ ==
[[File:Yemisi_Shyllon_Museum_14.jpg|thumb| Inu ile musiọmu]]
Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀dá náà ní àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà láti ọ̀dọ̀ àwọn ayàwòrán ìwọ̀-oòrùn Áfíríkà bíi El Anatsui, [[Uche Okeke]] àti Bruce Onobrakpeya . Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àkójọ àwọn ère ìtàn.  Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà láti ìgbà tí ìjọba ti ń ṣe ìjọba títí di àkókò yìí.  Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àwọn [[Àṣà Nok|igi Nok terracotta]] tí a rí ní Igbo-Ukwu àti Àríwá Àárín Gbùngbùn Nàìjíríà, pẹ̀lú àwọn ìfihàn lórí iṣẹ́ ọnà Ife àti iṣẹ́ ọnà Benin. Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àwọn ère onígi ilẹ̀ Áfíríkà ìbílẹ̀ láti ọwọ́ ayàwòrán Yorùbá Lamidi Olonade Fakeye. Ni afikun, ile musiọmu naa ni awọn iṣẹ ọna lati ọdọ awọn oṣere Ben Enwonwu, [[Peju Alatise]], Victor Ehikhamenor, Akinola Lasekan ati [[Àìná Onábólú|Aina Onabolu]] .  Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní ère idẹ ti orí Ife.  Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àwọn fọ́tò àwọn ayẹyẹ àṣà oríṣiríṣi ní Nàìjíríà, Ariyo Oguntimehin ló ṣe ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn fọ́tò wọ̀nyí. Ni afikun, ile musiọmu naa ni awọn ere nipasẹ Isiaka Osunde, Oladapo Afolayan, Adeola Balogun ati Okpu Eze.  Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà tún ní àkójọ àwọn ohun èlò gbígbẹ́ igi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-06-02|title=The Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art: Restoring African art to its glory|url=https://www.thecable.ng/the-yemisi-shyllon-museum-of-art-restoring-african-art-to-its-glory|access-date=2021-10-25|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní àkójọ àwọn ìbòjú Afikpo, èyí tí í ṣe ìbòjú ìbílẹ̀ tí a fi igi ṣe tí àwọn ènìyàn Afikpo, ẹ̀yà kan ní [[Ìpínlẹ̀ Ebonyi]], ń lò. 

Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ní apá kan tí a yà sọ́tọ̀ fún àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ [[Òṣogbo|Oshogbo]] ti Iṣẹ́-ọnà, tí ó ní àwọn iṣẹ́ tí [[Muraina Oyelami]], Susanne Wenger, Rufus Ogundele, àti Nike Davies-Okundaye ṣe.  Ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà tún ní [[Ifá|àwọn Àwo Ìdámọ̀ Ifa]] .  Ilé ìkópamọ́ náà ní àwọn ìṣúra tí ó ti wà láti ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún láti [[Ilẹ̀ Ọba Benin|ìjọba Benin]], àti ère ọba kan tí ó ti wà láti ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá tí ó jẹ́ ti ìjọba Ife. 

== Àwọn ìfihàn ==
Ní ọdún 2019, ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà ṣe ìfilọ́lẹ̀ ìfihàn kan tí Iheanyi Onwuegbuchi ṣètò tí àkọlé rẹ̀ jẹ́ &quot;Ọkùnrin Àwòrán&quot; èyí tí ó jẹ́ ìfihàn lórí iṣẹ́ ọnà, àwùjọ, àti ìṣèlú Nàìjíríà.  Ifihan keji ti Ihaenyi Onwuegbuchi ṣe agbekalẹ ni ọdun 2020 &quot;Making Matter&quot;, jẹ ifihan lori ohun elo ati imọ-ẹrọ. 

Ní oṣù kẹjọ ọdún 2021, ilé ìkóhun-ìṣẹ̀ǹbáyé náà gbé ìfihàn kan kalẹ̀ tí a pè ní &quot;Àwọn Ọwọ́ Aláìlèṣeéṣe&quot;, tí Fisayo Bakare ṣètò, tí ó ń ṣe ayẹyẹ àwọn iṣẹ́ ọnà ti àwọn obìnrin ayàwòrán ní Nàìjíríà. 

Ní oṣù kọkànlá ọdún 2022, Fisayo Bakare ṣe àgbékalẹ̀ “Omi Lábẹ́ Afárá” mìíràn, ìfihàn kan tí ó ṣe àgbéyẹ̀wò àwọn kókó ọ̀rọ̀ ìrìnàjò àti ìrántí, tí ó ń pe àwọn àlejò láti ronú lórí ìrìnàjò àwọn aṣíwájú. 

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn Àyọkà pẹ̀lú ìjúwe ṣókí]]</text>
      <sha1>n7lg9i4ifc1kpcapwzatrsbds9n741m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>August Udoh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84272</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637721</id>
      <parentid>637121</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T02:52:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637721</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3469" sha1="nxywsoxpfpbkvwi89o84706k7frocaa" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person|name=August Udoh|image=|citizenship=[[Nigeria]]|death_date=|birth_date=|birth_place=|death_place=|occupation=Photographer|years active=}}

 
'''August Udoh'''  jẹ́ olùyàwòrán ọmọ orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà tí ó gbajúmọ̀ jùlọ fún àwọn àwòrán rẹ̀ ti àwọn akọ́ṣẹ́mọṣẹ́ agbá-ìjà-ẹlẹ́ṣẹ̀ (Dambe) ní Nàìjíríà.&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated12&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/10/08/africa/august-udoh-dambe-nigeria/index.html|title=Forgotten Nigerian martial art is growing online|first=Nosmot|last=Gbadamosi|publisher=CNN|access-date=9 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ti ya àwòrán ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn gbajúmọ̀ ènìyàn, títí kan M.I Abaga, eLDee, Eva Alordiah, Burna Boy, YCee,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://farabaleweekly.com/2016/12/01/feel-the-monochrome-mode-10-photos-by-portraitist-august-udoh/|title=Feel The Monochrome Mode: 10 Photos By Portraitist August Udoh|last=Caine|first=Banke|date=9 October 2018|website=Farabale Weekly|access-date=15 September 2026|archive-date=9 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009150800/http://farabaleweekly.com/2016/12/01/feel-the-monochrome-mode-10-photos-by-portraitist-august-udoh/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;Iceprince àti àwọn mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://resourcemagonline.com/2013/06/august-udoh-chairman-of-photography-in-nigeria-shares-his-insight-of-the-field/27793/|title=August Udoh, Chairman of Photography in Nigeria, Shares his Insight of the Field|website=resourcemagonline.com|access-date=9 October 2018}}{{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=This Photo Series By August Udoh Explores The Beauty of Alpha Beach {{!}} Ndani Lifestyle|url=http://ndanilifestyle.com/this-photo-series-by-august-udoh-explores-the-beauty-of-alpha-beach/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322101800/http://ndanilifestyle.com/this-photo-series-by-august-udoh-explores-the-beauty-of-alpha-beach/|archive-date=2017-03-22|access-date=9 October 2018|website=ndanilifestyle.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;Ní ọdún 2017, ó ṣe àkójọpọ̀ àwọn àwòrán nípa àwọn eléré-ìdárayá tí wọ́n ní àbùkù ara, èyí tí ó ṣe láti mú kí àwọn ènìyàn mọ̀ nípa àwọn ìpèníjà tí wọ́n ń kojú.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|author=Jacon|date=7 July 2017|title=August Udoh Beautifully Captures The Strength of Athletes With Disabilities|url=http://www.konbini.com/ng/lifestyle/photographer-captures-athletes-with-disabilities-in-these-striking-shots/|archivedate=2019-07-25|access-date=2026-09-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725020701/http://www.konbini.com/ng/lifestyle/photographer-captures-athletes-with-disabilities-in-these-striking-shots/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún 2018, ó ṣe àwòrán eré &quot;Dambe&quot; tí ó ṣe àfihàn ẹgbẹ́ ìjà ogun lábẹ́ ilẹ̀ tí a ń pè ní Dambe. Ó ṣẹ̀dá àwọn àwòrán náà gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọ̀nà láti “tan ìmọ́lẹ̀ sí irú àwọn ìyàtọ̀ agbègbè bẹ́ẹ̀.” &lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/10/08/africa/august-udoh-dambe-nigeria/index.html|title=Forgotten Nigerian martial art is growing online|first=Nosmot|last=Gbadamosi|publisher=CNN|access-date=9 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Ẹ̀ka:Àwọn ènìyàn alààyè]]
[[Ẹ̀ka:Articles with hCards]]</text>
      <sha1>nxywsoxpfpbkvwi89o84706k7frocaa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ikenga (ìtàn àròsọ)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84330</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637766</id>
      <parentid>636833</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:36:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637766</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3081" sha1="2ao1mxtv0ac1amnsivmvx93txgl7nip" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox book|country=Nigeria|website=}}

Ìwé ìtàn àròsọ onípele àárín ọdún 2020 tí òǹkọ̀wé ará Amẹ́ríkà ará Nàìjíríà, Nnedi Okorafor, kọ ní '''''Ikenga''''' ni. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1225190265|title=IKENGA.}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.bookishfirst.com/books/ikenga|title=Ikenga - Nnedi Okorafor {{!}} BookishFirst}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;  Eyi ni iwe akọkọ ti Okorafor ti akọni rẹ jẹ ọkunrin, a si yan an fun ami-eye Edgar ti ọdun 2021.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Edgar Award Winners and Nominees|url=http://www.theedgars.com/nominees.html#juv|access-date=2021-08-28|website=www.theedgars.com|archive-date=2012-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307172053/http://www.theedgars.com/nominees.html#juv|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;Iwe naa sọ itan Nnamdi, ọmọkunrin kan ti o le lo awọn agbara ti o kọja ti eniyan deede pẹlu iranlọwọ Ikenga. 

== Àpẹ̀rẹ̀ ==
Okorafor sọ pé òun bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í kọ ìwé àkọ́kọ́ ìwé ìtàn náà ní ọdún 2009, òun sì gbé e kalẹ̀ lórí ìtàn àròsọ Nàìjíríà àti àṣà ìbílẹ̀ Igbo ní ti ìtọ́kasí sí ọlọ́run Igbó Ikenga . 

== Àkópọ̀ ìtàn náà ==
Ní ìlú Kaleria, ìlú àròsọ kan ní Nàìjíríà òde òní, baba Nnamdi, tí ó jẹ́ olórí ọlọ́pàá tí a mọ̀ fún mímú àwọn ọ̀daràn ni ẹgbẹ́ kan tí a gbọ́ pé ó jẹ́ Olórí Àwọn Olóyè pa, ọmọ rẹ̀ Nnamdi sì ṣèlérí láti gbẹ̀san rẹ̀.

Ní ọjọ́ ayẹyẹ ìrántí baba rẹ̀, ẹ̀mí baba rẹ̀ farahàn láìpẹ́, ó sì fún un ní ẹ̀bùn ère kékeré kan tí a mọ̀ sí Ikenga, èyí tí ó lè yí Nnamdi padà sí ènìyàn dúdú ńlá kan pẹ̀lú agbára àti ìbínú tí ó ju ti ènìyàn lọ, tí ìwé ìròyìn ń pè ní Ọkùnrin náà. Pẹ̀lú agbára tuntun tí ó ní, ó di ọlọ́pàá, ó sì mú àwọn ọ̀daràn eléwu Kaleria, títí kan àwọn olórí àwọn olóyè.

== Àkókò ìgbalejò ==
Ìwé náà gba àwọn ìdáhùn rere  pẹ̀lú ìwé ìròyìn New York Times tí wọ́n ń yin àwọn ènìyàn tí Okorafor kọ.  Ìwé ìròyìn Ilé-ìkàwé Ilé-ìwé nínú àtúnyẹ̀wò kan tí àwọn olókìkí kọ sọ pé &quot;ìtàn ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ akọni tuntun yìí ń fúnni ní ìwòye sí àwọn agbára òjìji àti àìlóye tí a fi fún ọmọ lójijì&quot;. 

Kirkus Review sọ pé ó jẹ́ “àròjinlẹ̀ ìpànìyàn àárín àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ tí a kò lè gbàgbé.” &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/nnedi-okorafor/ikenga/|title=IKENGA {{!}} Kirkus Reviews|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ẹ̀bùn àti ìdámọ̀ ==

* Nominated for the 2021 Edgar Award for Best Juvenile&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2012-03-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Amazon Best Children Book of 2020
* NPR Best Book of the Year&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>2ao1mxtv0ac1amnsivmvx93txgl7nip</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ghana Must Go (fíìmù)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84503</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637753</id>
      <parentid>637196</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T07:18:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637753</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4510" sha1="gxpd1oxkya9qvd8bp1rigsnjs0y0yh5" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox film|name=Ghana Must Go|image=Ghana Must Go Poster.jpg|alt=|caption=|director=[[Frank Rajah Arase]]|producer=[[Yvonne Okoro]]|starring={{unbulleted list|[[Yvonne Okoro]]|[[Blossom Chukwujekwu]]|[[Nkem Owoh]]}}|cinematography=|editing=|screenplay=|studio=Desamour Company|distributor=|released={{Film date|2016|6|4}}&lt;small&gt;Nigeria&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;first&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://pulse.ng/events/ghana-must-go-comedy-movie-featuring-nkem-owoh-blossom-chukwujekwu-yvonne-okoro-set-to-premiere-in-nigeria-id5109253.html |title=Comedy movie featuring Nkem Owoh, Blossom Chukwujekwu, Yvonne Okoro set to premiere in Nigeria |last=Adiele |first=Chinedu |authorlink=Pulse Nigeria |date=June 3, 2016}} {{Dead link|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;|runtime=|country=Ghana &lt;br&gt; Nigeria|budget=|gross=}}

 
Fíìmù eré apanilẹ́rìn-ín '''''Ghana Must Go''''' jẹ́ fíìmù ìfẹ́ tí wọ́n ṣe ní Ghana àti Nàìjíríà lọ́dún 2016, tí [[Frank Rajah Arase]] darí. It stars [[Yvonne Okoro]], [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] and [[Nkem Owoh]] . Fíìmù kejì nìyí láti ilé-iṣẹ́ Desamour, láti ìgbà tí ''wọ́n ti ṣe àdéhùn'' .  Wọ́n ṣe àfihàn fíìmù náà ní ìkọ̀kọ̀ ní Filmhouse Cinemas, Surulere ní oṣù karùn-ún ọdún 2016. 

Fiimu naa sọ itan awọn ololufẹ meji ti wọn wa lati awọn orilẹ-ede oriṣiriṣi, ati awọn ipenija ti wọn koju—paapaa lati ọdọ awọn obi wọn—lẹyin ti wọn ṣafihan ero wọn lati ṣe igbeyawo.

== Àwọn òṣèré ==

* [[Yvonne Okoro]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ama
* [[Ik Ogbonna]]
* [[Blossom Chukwujekwu]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Chuks
* [[Helen Paul]]
* [[Ada Ameh]]
* [[Nkem Owoh]]

== Ìtàn ìtàn náà ==
Fiimu naa bẹrẹ pẹlu Chuks (Blossom Chukwujekwu), ọdọmọkunrin kan lati idile Naijiria ti ko ni ọrọ pupọ, ati Ama (Yvonne Okoro), ọdọmọbinrin kan lati idile ọlọrọ ni Ghana ti o n pada wa si ile lẹhin ti o pari ẹkọ rẹ ni London. Awọn mejeeji ti wa ninu ibatan ifẹ fun igba diẹ, ṣugbọn nigba ti wọn ṣafihan Chuks gẹgẹbi ọmọ Naijiria fun idile Ama, ibatan wọn wa ninu ewu nitori bi idile rẹ ṣe n wo awọn ọmọ Naijiria pẹlu ero ti ko dara tẹlẹ. Baba Ama, Kofi Adjorlolo, ni o binu julọ si ibatan yii, paapaa julọ nitori bi awọn alaṣẹ Naijiria ṣe mu ọrọ iṣẹlẹ &quot;Ghana Must Go&quot; ni ibẹrẹ awọn ọdun 1980. Nigba ti o mọ pe ọmọbinrin rẹ ti fẹ Chuks tẹlẹ, Kofi gbiyanju lati mu ọrọ naa ni ọna ti o dara julọ, ṣugbọn ipo naa buru si nigba ti ọmọkunrin rẹ ti o ni iwa ajeji, IK Ogbonna, lọ gbe idile Chuks—ti o ni Nkem Owoh, Helen Paul, ati Ada Ameh ninu—ni papa ọkọ ofurufu lẹhin ti Chuks pe wọn wa. Lẹhin ọpọlọpọ awọn iṣoro ti o waye nitori iyatọ ninu aṣa, ọrọ-aje, ati ẹya laarin awọn idile mejeeji, tọkọtaya naa nikẹhin tun ṣe ileri igbeyawo wọn ni Ghana pẹlu wiwa ati ibukun awọn obi wọn.

== Àkókò ìgbalejò ==
Yvonne Chinyere Anoruo ti Olisa TV yin iṣe awọn ohun kikọ pataki ninu fiimu naa. Sibẹsibẹ, o ṣe akiyesi pe fiimu naa gbiyanju ni aṣiṣe lati fi Ghana han bi orilẹ-ede ti o ni idagbasoke ati oye ju Naijiria lọ. Nítorí náà, ó parí àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ nípa sísọ pé fíìmù náà “dáni lójú gan-an, ó sì ń fúnni ní ìmọ̀, kódà pẹ̀lú àwọn ìtàn tó wà nínú rẹ̀. Nítorí náà, dákẹ́ kúrò nínú àníyàn nípa ọrọ̀ ajé tó ń bàjẹ́ àti ìkùnà agbára tó burú jáì ní àwọn ọjọ́ àìpẹ́ yìí, kí o sì fi ọkàn rẹ balẹ̀.” &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=February 25, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Andrew Oke ti àtúnyẹ̀wò sinimá fún ìṣeré olórí ohun kikọ náà ní ìyìn, ṣùgbọ́n ó sọ pé wọn kò ṣe fíìmù náà dáadáa àti pé wọn kò ṣàkóso rẹ̀ dáadáa. Wọ́n fi fíìmù tí wọ́n ṣe àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ wé ìkòkò ọbẹ̀ kan tí gbogbo èròjà rẹ̀ wà nínú rẹ̀ ṣùgbọ́n tí kò dára nítorí pé kò fi ọwọ́ kan ògbógi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=2022-04-06}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Chidumga Izuzu ti Pulse Nigeria ṣe àkópọ̀ àtúnyẹ̀wò rẹ̀ nípa sísọ pé fíìmù náà “jẹ́ fíìmù tí a ṣe dáadáa pẹ̀lú àwọn ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tí ó máa ń múni rẹ́rìn-ín gan-an”. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|archivedate=26 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>gxpd1oxkya9qvd8bp1rigsnjs0y0yh5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Irọ́ tó rọrùn (fíìmù)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84518</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637776</id>
      <parentid>637618</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T08:54:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637776</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4245" sha1="5ilygra1o6bnhsttn9x62navd1xtsj5" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox film|image=|director=Biodun Stephen|writer=Mannie Oiseomaye|producer=[[Biodun Stephen]]|starring={{plainlist|
*[[Bisola Aiyeola]]
*[[Emmanuel Ikubese]]
*[[Bolaji Ogunmola]]
*Oluwabukunmi Adeaga-Ilori
*Kachi Nnochiri
}}|cinematography=Ladipo Abiola	
Lawrence Morgan|editing=Adesuwa Omon	
Adio Solanke|released={{Film date|2021|07}}}}

 
'''''A Simple Lie''''' jẹ́ fíìmù eré ìfẹ́ ti orílẹ̀-èdè Nàìjíríà ti ọdún 2021. [[Biodun Stephen]] àti David Wade Production ló ṣe é papọ̀. &lt;ref name=&quot;Nwogu&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=25 February 2022|title=Here's the official trailer for Biodun Stephen's 'A Simple Lie'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/heres-the-official-trailer-for-biodun-stephens-a-simple-lie/h37xkm6|access-date=20 July 2022|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|archivedate=20 July 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220720205126/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/heres-the-official-trailer-for-biodun-stephens-a-simple-lie/h37xkm6|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=15 January 2021|title=Here's a first look at Biodun Stephen's 'A Simple Lie'|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/a-simple-lie-movie-directed-by-biodun-stephen/wst1pef|access-date=20 July 2022|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|date=26 March 2022|title=Bisola Aiyeola, Ikubese, others star in A Simple Lie|url=https://editor.guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/bisola-aiyeola-ikubese-others-star-in-a-simple-lie/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=20 July 2022|newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US|archivedate=5 June 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605094311/https://editor.guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/bisola-aiyeola-ikubese-others-star-in-a-simple-lie/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fiimu naa jade ni oṣu mẹrin lẹhin ifaramọ rẹ pẹlu Anthill Studio's ''Progressive Tailors Club'', ati pe o ṣe [[Bisola Aiyeola]], Emmanuel Ikubese, [[Bolaji Ogunmola]], Bukunmi Adeaga-ilori ati Kachi Nnochiri. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;Nwogu&quot; /&gt;

== Àkótán ==
Àwọn ọ̀rẹ́ márùn-ún ń bá ara wọn ṣe àdéhùn ní ìkọ̀kọ̀. Ó yà wọ́n lẹ́nu nígbà tí wọ́n rí i nípasẹ̀ àìsàn tó le koko ti ọ̀kan lára wọn. Wọ́n rò pé irọ́ kékeré ni, ṣùgbọ́n wọ́n wá mọ̀ pé irọ́ kékeré pàápàá ṣe pàtàkì. &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Àwọn òṣèré ==

* Bukunmi Adeaga-ilori bi Fade
* [[Bisola Aiyeola]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Boma
* Emmanuel Ikubese gẹ́gẹ́ bí Azeem
* Kachi Nnochiri gẹ́gẹ́ bí Xavier
* [[Bolaji Ogunmola]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Donna
* Daniel Abua gẹ́gẹ́ bí Nosa
* Tope Ajao gẹ́gẹ́ bí aṣojú Better Half
* Sarah Ebegbe gege bi akowe Azeem
* Claudia Thomas gẹ́gẹ́ bí òṣìṣẹ́ Buka
* Biodun Stephen gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìyá Boma

== Ìtújáde ==
Fíìmù náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní àwọn sinimá ní ọjọ́ kẹẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kẹta ọdún 2021 kí ó tó di pé wọ́n tú u jáde ní oṣù keje ọdún 2021. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=23 March 2022|location=Lagos, Nigeria}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ọ́fíìsì títà àpótí ==
Gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ẹgbẹ́ Àwọn Olùfihàn Sínímà ti Nàìjíríà (CEAN) ti sọ, nǹkan bí ₦346.6 mílíọ̀nù ni wọ́n rí gbà láti inú títà tíkẹ́ẹ̀tì ní ilé iṣẹ́ [[Nollywood]] ní oṣù kẹta ọdún 2021. ''Fíìmù A Simple Lie'' ni fíìmù kejì tó gba owó tó ga jùlọ láàárín ọjọ́ 25 sí 27 oṣù kẹta, ó sì gba owó tó tó ₦9,809,900. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=5 April 2022|title=Hollywood dominates as Nigerian cinemas record N347 million revenue in March|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/521885-hollywood-dominates-as-nigerian-cinemas-record-n347-million-revenue-in-march.html|access-date=27 July 2022|newspaper=[[Premium Times]]|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Batman highest grossing movie in Nigeria, N346m earned on all films|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/04/05/batman-highest-grossing-movie-in-nigeria-n346m-earned-on-all-films/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=27 July 2022|language=en-US|newspaper=[[P.M. News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>5ilygra1o6bnhsttn9x62navd1xtsj5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Karishika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84575</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637800</id>
      <parentid>637398</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:55:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637800</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5781" sha1="ph5mh9x4ny9w2m5d29xt8guy5195i6v" xml:space="preserve">
{{Infobox film|name=Karishika|image=Karishika poster.jpg|caption=|director=|producer=|writer=|distributor=|released={{Film date|1998| | |Part 1|1999| | |Part 2|df=y}}|runtime=|country=[[Nigeria]]|language=English|studio=}}

 
Fíìmù ìbẹ̀rù àdánidá ti orílẹ̀- èdè Nàìjíríà ni '''Karishika''' ti ọdún 1998.  Becky Okorie ló kópa nínú ipa àkọ́kọ́.

== Ìtàn ìtàn náà ==
Ọkùnrin kan dúró níta yàrá ìbímọ ní ilé-ìwòsàn. Lẹ́yìn ìṣẹ́jú díẹ̀, nọ́ọ̀sì kan jáde wá láti sọ fún un pé aya rẹ̀ ti bí isu kan. Lẹ́sẹ̀kẹsẹ̀, ó fi ilé-ìwòsàn náà sílẹ̀ pẹ̀lú ìbínú. Èyí fa ìforígbárí láàárín òun àti aya rẹ̀ nígbà tí wọ́n yọ ọ́ sílẹ̀ láti ilé-ìwòsàn. Lẹ́yìn àríyànjiyàn líle kan, obìnrin náà fi ọ̀pá-odó lu ọkùnrin náà, ó sì ṣubú lulẹ̀, ó sì kú. Karashika fara hàn, ó sì ní kí obìnrin náà so ara rẹ̀ kọ́; ó sì ṣe bẹ́ẹ̀, Karashika sì gbé e lọ sí ọ̀run-àpáàdì.

Ọmọkùnrin kan tí orúkọ rẹ̀ ń jẹ́ Divine dìde dúró ní ṣọ́ọ̀ṣì láti ka Jòhánù 3:16 fún ìjọ, lẹ́yìn náà ni pásítọ̀ (Joseph Okechukwu) wàásù nípa ẹbọ Ọlọ́run, ó sì tẹnu mọ́ ìdílé Kristẹni àwòkọ́ṣe kan, èyí tí Divine jẹ́ ọmọ kan ṣoṣo nínú rẹ̀.

Lucifer bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí í múra sílẹ̀ láti rán àwọn aṣojú jáde tí yóò mú kí àwọn ènìyàn púpọ̀ dẹ́ṣẹ̀, nípa bẹ́ẹ̀ ó ń mú kí iye àwọn ènìyàn tó wà ní ọ̀run àpáàdì pọ̀ sí i. Wọ́n dé ilẹ̀ ayé, ní [[Èkó]], Nàìjíríà, níbi tí àwùjọ àwọn abẹ́mìí èṣù ti kí wọn káàbọ̀. Wọ́n máa ń sùn sí hòtẹ́ẹ̀lì kan, wọ́n sì máa ń san owó tí kò bá hàn gbangba. Nígbà tí àwọn ẹ̀mí èṣù ń ṣe ìpàdé, olùgbàlejò hótéẹ̀lì náà dúró níta ẹnu ọ̀nà, ó ń ṣe amí wọn nípasẹ̀ ihò kọ́kọ́rọ́ náà. Ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀mí èṣù náà pòórá, ó sì tún farahàn lẹ́yìn olùgbàlejò. Àwọn ẹ̀mí èṣù jí Divine gbé, ẹni tí ó padà sílé lẹ́yìn náà, ó sì ń hùwà lọ́nà ọ̀tọ̀. Wọ́n tún máa ń fa ìdàrúdàpọ̀ ní ilé ìtura kan, èyí tó máa ń yọrí sí ìbọn síta. Ni afikun, wọn yan oluṣakoso banki eniyan kan lati ba wọn ṣiṣẹ, ati oṣó kan, ẹniti wọn pade lẹhin ipele lẹhin iṣẹ rẹ.

Ní ọ̀run àpáàdì, Lucifer sun ọ̀kan lára àwọn ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ rẹ̀ fún àìgbọ́ràn gẹ́gẹ́ bí ìkìlọ̀ fún àwọn ẹlòmíràn.

Nígbà tí mo padà dé ilẹ̀ ayé, ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ kan gbá ọkùnrin kan lẹ́yìn tí ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀mí èṣù obìnrin náà pín ọkàn rẹ̀ níyà. Ẹ̀mí èṣù tó wà nínú Ọlọ́run ń ru sókè. Àwọn ẹ̀mí èṣù náà máa ń lọ sí ilé ìtura láti gbé àwọn tí wọ́n pa, lẹ́yìn náà ni wọ́n á pa wọ́n, wọ́n á sì gbé ẹ̀mí wọn lọ sí ọ̀run àpáàdì.

Bàbá Divine bá a wí fún jíjí owó, nígbà tí ìyá rẹ̀ ń gbèjà rẹ̀.

Ọ̀kan lára àwọn ẹ̀mí èṣù obìnrin ló dán pásítọ̀ náà wò, Ọlọ́run sì bá Bìlísì ṣe àdéhùn nípa ìfọkànsìn pásítọ̀ náà. Pasitọ naa yege idanwo naa, ṣugbọn o kan.

Ìyá Divine jí láti inú àlá búburú kan, bàbá Divine sì fi í lọ́kàn balẹ̀ kí àwọn méjèèjì tó padà sùn. Sibẹsibẹ, baba Divine naa ni iriri alaburuku kan lẹhinna. Pasitọ naa lọ si ile Divine o si lé e jade. Gbogbo àwọn ẹ̀mí èṣù jáde láti inú afẹ́fẹ́ lásán, wọ́n sì dojú ìjà kọ ọ́. Ọlọ́run mú agbára Lucifer kúrò láti pa pásítọ̀ náà lára, ó fún pásítọ̀ náà ní ìṣẹ́gun, ó sì tú ìbínú Rẹ̀ jáde sórí èṣù. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Izuzu|first1=Chidumga|title=#ThrowbackThursday 20 years ago, Nollywood released the classic &quot;Karishika&quot; &quot;Karishika karishika! Queen of Darkness, Lucifer Lucifer King of Demons?&quot; Every true Nollywood fan would remember this popular chant from movie.|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/throwbackthursday-20-years-ago-nollywood-released-the-classic-karishika-id5668137.html|newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]]|access-date=14 November 2018|archivedate=14 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181114182222/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/throwbackthursday-20-years-ago-nollywood-released-the-classic-karishika-id5668137.html|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn òṣèré ==

* Becky Okorie gẹ́gẹ́ bí Karishika
* [[Bob-Manuel Udokwu]] gege bi Olusoagutan Evarist
* [[Sandra Achums]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Bianca
* [[Ifeanyi Ikpoenyi]] as Pastor James/Rakadana
* [[Obi Madubogwu|Obi Madubugwu]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Lucifer
* Andy Chukwu bi Alagba Bobby/Barashi
* [[Steve Eboh]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí awakọ̀ ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́
* [[Sonny McDon]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Alàgbà Desmond
* [[Adaora Ukoh]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Esther/Ratoka
* [[Melissa Yesuf]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Nektar
* [[Ernest Asuzu]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Rasha
* [[Amaechi Muonagor]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Jonathan
* [[Joseph Okechukwu]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Pasitọ Gideon
* [[Ejike Metusela]] as Sabona/Julius
* [[Jennifer Olisa]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Kate
* [[Vivian Metchie]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Ìyáàfin Onah
* [[Chukwuma Onwudiwe]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Dókítà
* [[Chiamaka Nwobodo]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Nọ́ọ̀sì 1
* [[Ngozi Nnabuchi]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí Nọ́ọ̀sì 2
* [[Chukwudi Onu]] gẹ́gẹ́ bí ọmọ ẹgbẹ́ Ṣọ́ọ̀ṣì

== Àwọn ìtọ́kasí ==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>ph5mh9x4ny9w2m5d29xt8guy5195i6v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Àlùmógàjí</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84644</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637690</id>
      <parentid>637676</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-22T12:04:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim</username>
        <id>31612</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Fún iṣẹ́ irin */</comment>
      <origin>637690</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="35872" sha1="q0fjv9gnfm7pvu7we4wj8rj1yhc3rcb" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Hand-operated cutting tool}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Pp-vandalism|small=yes}}

[[File:Standard household scissors.jpg|thumb|Alùmọ́gàjí eyòkan ]]
[[File:Aerra's Films of the Ordinary IV -- Scissors Cutting Card Stock.webm|thumb|Fọ́nrán kan tí òun ṣe àfihàn bí wọn ń ṣe n lo Alùmọ́gàjí láti gé [[:en:Card_stock|Pálí ìwé]]]]

'''Alùmọ́gàjí'''  tàbí '''Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi''' jẹ́ irinṣẹ́ ọwọ́ &quot;[[:en:Hand_tool|hand-operated]]&quot; fun gígé nkan [[:en:Cutting|cutting]] [[:en:Tool|tool]]  tí ó ní àwọn ọwọ́ abẹ méjì [[:en:Handle|handles]] tàbí ([[:en:Tang_(blade)|shank]]) tí ó mú, tí ẹnu abẹ wọn ń gba ègbẹ́ arawon kọjá ní ìgbà tí bá pa ẹnu ọwọ́   ( shank ) wọn papò ní apá kejì, lèyí tí yíò mu ẹnu abẹ méjì tí ó mú yí kọjá ní ègbé arawon tí yíò sì so òun ti ń bá ń bẹ ní àrin wọn di gígé &quot;[[:en:Shearing_(physics)|shearing]]&quot; . A sábà máa ń lo Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé àwọn ǹkan bíi [[Paper|Ìwé]], páálí, fílíìlì irin &quot;[[:en:Metal_leaf|metal foil]]&quot; , [[aṣọ]] , [[:en:Rope|okùn]] àti wáyà &quot;[[:en:Wire|wire]]&quot; , bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé oríṣiríṣi Alùmọ́gàjí ló wà fún oríṣiríṣi iṣẹ́, tí ọwọ́ bí wọn ba ṣe ṣe wọ́n sì ni yóò tọ́ka irú Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó dára fún irú ìṣe tí a fẹ́ fi ṣe. 

Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo Alùmọ́gàjí ni wọ́n ń lọ ìlànà kan náà láti ṣiṣẹ́, Alùmọ́gàjí tó lágbára tí a ṣe fún gígé àwọn ohun èlò líle ni a sábà máa ń pè ní Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi (fún àpẹẹrẹ, Alùmọ́gàjí ọgbà &quot;[[:en:Pruning_shears|pruning shears]]&quot; àti Alùmọ́gàjí koríko &quot;[[:en:Grass_shears|grass shears]]&quot; ), àti àwọn mìíràn tí wọ́n tún tóbi jù, tí ó ní ọwọ́ méjì ni a ń pè ní ''&quot;trimmers&quot;''  (fún àpẹẹrẹ Alùmọ́gàjí ọgbà ). Yíyan Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó bá irú ìṣẹ́ tí a fẹ́ lò wọ́n fún ṣe kókó kí a mó baà bá òun èlò tàbí Alùmọ́gàjí wá gan jẹ́.  Fún bíi àpẹẹrẹ, Alùmọ́gàjí ìgé irun &quot;[[:en:Hair-cutting_shears|hair-cutting shears]]&quot; àti Alùmọ́gàjí ilé ìdáná &quot;[[:en:Kitchen_shears|kitchen shears]]&quot; òun ni wón jọ arawon nípa pé àwọn méjèèjì ní wón lè gé nkan, sugbon iyato arawọn ni pé, ẹnu Alùmọ́gàjí ti irun gígé òun ni ó wàpa fún gígé [[irun]] tó pọ̀, tí ó sì jẹ́ wipe lílo irú Alùmọ́gàjí míràn lè ṣe àkóbá fún irun. Ní apá kejì, Alùmọ́gàjí tí ilé ìdáná, ni a ṣe fún gígé àwọn ohun èlò [[oúnjẹ]] líle bíi ẹran, iṣan àti [[egungun]] . Alùmọ́gàjí iṣẹ́-abẹ &quot;[[:en:Surgical_scissors|Surgical scissors]]&quot; , tí a lò láti pín àwọn àsopọ̀ iṣan-ara àti láti gé, ṣe àtúnṣe àwọn ohun èlò ìtọ́jú ara nígbà iṣẹ́-abẹ, ní òpin sí oríṣiríṣi, tí onírúurú ẹ̀yà rẹ sì wà láti kojú onírúurú ìlànà ẹ̀yà, àti ipò ara &quot;[[:en:Anatomical|anatomical]]&quot;. 

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ní wón ní owó ìgbámú bíi òrùka láti jẹ́ kí ó rọrùn láti lò fún gígé ǹkan, àwọn kan tilẹ̀ ní Àkásí-irin &quot;[[:en:Spring_(device)|spring]] &quot;láàárín láti jẹ́ kí ó rọrùn láti lò wọn (ní pàápàá, fún àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ní owó gboro ). Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń ṣe ní ìgbàanì ni wọn má ń ní owó irin, àwọn tí òde òní ni wọn ṣe wọn ní ọ̀nà tó rọrùn&quot; [[:en:Ergonomically|ergonomically]]&quot; fún ọwọ́ láti mú  dání pẹ̀lú àwọn ike  thermoplastic àti rọ́bà&quot; [[:en:Rubber|rubber]]&quot; tí a fi bo àwọn ọwọ́ Alùmọ́gàjí, kí ó bá fi lè rọrùn fún ọwọ́ láti mú àti láti lò.

==Àwọn Ètò ọ̀rọ̀-ìmọ̀==

''Alùmọ́gàjí '' gẹgẹbi Ọ̀rọ̀-orúkọ  òun ni wón kà kún Ọ̀rọ̀-orúkọ onípúpọ̀ ([[:en:Plurale_tantum|plural noun]]) lèyí tí ó jẹ́ kí ó mon gbé Ọ̀rọ̀-ìṣe onípúpọ̀  (gẹ́gẹ́bi àpẹẹrẹ., ''àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wón '').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Merriam-Webster|scissors|access-date=2025-05-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́nà mìíràn, wọn a tún mọ̀ tọ́ka sí Alùmọ́gàjí gẹgẹbi Àpólà ọ̀rọ̀ ẹyòkan ''Alùmọ́gàjí eyòkan''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Collins Dictionary|pair of scissors|access-date=21 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀rọ̀ náà ''Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi'' òun ni wón má ń lọ láti ṣe àpèjúwe àwọn òun èlò mìíràn bí Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi tí wọ́n ń lọ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ alágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Merriam-Webster|shear|access-date=2025-05-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtàn==

[[File:汉代剪刀.jpg|thumb|Alùmọ́gàjí àkókò ìgbà [[:en:Han_dynasty|Han dynasty]] ]]
[[File:Shears MET 29I E08R4.jpg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀nyí ni Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi tí wọ́n ro wípe ní wón ń lò wọ́n ní nkan bí ọ̀rúndún kejì sẹ́yìn ní ìgbàanì tí ó sì wá láti ilé àgbègbè [[:en:Trabzon|Trabzon]], ní [[Roman Empire|Roman]] Turkey. Ọwọ́ iṣẹ́-ọnà ara rẹ̀ ní òun ṣe Ìtọ́kasí ìgbìyànjú láti ṣe Àdàkọ iṣẹ́-ọnà ilé Egypt ( [[:en:Art_of_ancient_Egypt|Egyptian art]]) Tí wón bá pa ẹnu rẹ dé, àwòrán ajá àti olóngbò tí ń bẹ ní ara rẹ yio dójú ko arawon. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/547870 |title=Shears: Roman Period |website=[[Metropolitan Museum]] |access-date=2018-07-18 |date=n.d. |archive-date=2018-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718234449/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/547870 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

===Ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ===

Ilé iṣẹ́ [[:en:Zhang_Xiaoquan|Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan Company]] ní Hangzhou, China, ni òun ti ń ṣe Alùmọ́gàjí láti ọdún 1663.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sudworth&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Sudworth|first1=John|title=The scissor-maker that has cut through Chinese history|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739|work=BBC News|date=2013-04-22|access-date=2018-07-21|archive-date=2018-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505022602/http://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí olówó méjì kòìtí di òpò yanturu ní orí igbá  títí di ọdún 1761, ní ìgbà tí [[Robert Hinchliffe]] tí ìlú  [[:en:Sheffield|Sheffield]] pèsè  Alùmọ́gàjí àkókò ìgbàlódé tí òde òní pẹ̀lú irin dídán ([[:en:Steel_casting|cast steel]]). Ìpèníjà àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ tí ó ní ni bí yio tí ro awon ìrìn ni odidi kí ó tó lu ihò sì láti gba owó èyàn. Igbésẹ̀ yí ni àgbára, Hinchliffe tẹ̀síwájú lórí mímú ọ̀tun dééba lójúnà áti lè mu ìdàgbàsóke deba ìpèsè won. Hinchliffe gbé ní Cheney Square (tí a mọ̀ sí [[:en:Sheffield_Town_Hall#Previous_buildings|Sheffield Town Hall]]),ní òde òní níbi tí ó ti gbé àpèlé sì ìta tí òun tọ́ka sí ara rẹ gẹ́gẹ́bí Olùpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó dára jùlọ. Ojá Alùmọ́gàjí rè yá gan ni ile London àti ní àwọn ilé ibòmíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/sheffieldineigh00leadgoog#page/n76/mode/2up/search/Hinchcliffe |title=[Reminiscences of] Sheffield in the Eighteenth Century |pages=69–70 |date=1901 |publisher=The Sheffield Independent Press Limited |place=Sheffield |first=Robert Eadon |last=Leader }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Àwọn agbègbè tí wọ́n ń tí ń ṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ìgbàlódé ===

==== Ní ilè China====

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ni Àgbáyé ni òun wáyé ní orílẹ̀ èdè China. Títí di nkan bí ọdún 2019, China ní akọsílẹ̀ gbígbé 64.3% Ẹ̀rọ Alùmọ́gàjí jáde fún títa ni Àgbáyé . Bí a bá dá akọsílẹ̀ èyí pò mó Kíkójà lọ sí òkè-òkun ọjà Chinese Taipei, Àkọsílẹ̀ òun ni yóò sún sí 68.3%.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/resources/about The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://oec.world/en/resources/about |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 11/29/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilé iṣẹ́ Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan, tí wón dákalè ní ọdún 1663, jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó ti pé jù nípa pípèsè èrò Alùmọ́gàjí ní àgbáyé. Wọ́n so ilé iṣẹ́ na di títí orile-ede ni Ọdún 1958, tí ó sì ń gbá ènìyàn ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ́gbẹ̀jọ (1500) sí isẹ́, pẹ̀lú ìpèsè àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí bíi míllíónù méje ni ìfojúbù. Àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wọn kò wọn púpò tí wọ́n ń tà eyòkan rè fún àwọn aláràtúntà ni ó kéré tán,US$4.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sudworth&quot;/&gt;

====Ní ilè Faransé ====

Ní ìparí àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá, ní ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì fún  &quot;Alùmọ́gàjí &quot; tó di lílò. Ó jeyo nínú èdè faransé ìgbàanì {{Lang|fro|cisoires}}, tí ó túmọ̀ sí Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi.&lt;ref&gt;(2014-11-03) [https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors &quot;History 101: Scissors&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors |date=2022-01-06 }}, Daily KOS. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn agbègbè tí wọ́n jẹ́ pàtàki nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní ilé faransé pò ni oríṣiríṣi bíi: Haute-Marne ní Nogent-en Bassigny, Châtellereault, Thiers àti Rouen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://sajou.fr/en/1149-reeditions-of-vintage-scissors &quot;Re-editions of Vintage Scissors&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://sajou.fr/en/1149-reeditions-of-vintage-scissors |date=2022-01-06 }}, Sajou Blog. Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlú yí, gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn agbègbè míràn tí àwọn na ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí, gbogbo wọn ni wọn bèrè pẹ̀lú ìpèsè idà, àdá, àti Ọ̀bẹ ẹnu-ìbọn, kí wọ́n ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí àti àwọn abe míràn ni ọwọ́ ìparí ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún àti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.champagne-ardenne-tourism.co.uk/what-do/visiting/sites-visit/nogent-1217037 Official Website for Tourism in Champagne-Ardenne] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192123/https://www.champagne-ardenne-tourism.co.uk/what-do/visiting/sites-visit/nogent-1217037 |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt;

Thiers, ní Ẹ̀ka-iṣẹ́ Puy-de-Dôme ti Auvergne, jẹ́ àgbègbè pàtàkì nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí àti àwọn ṣíbí ìjẹun. Ó jẹ́ ilé fún Musée de la Coutellerie, tí ó ṣe àfihàn ìtàn egbẹ̀rin ọdún tí wọ́n ń tín ṣe abẹ ni ilu náà. &lt;ref&gt;Alastair (2020-01-12) [https://mechtraveller.com/2020/01/thiers-cutlery-capital-of-france/ &quot;Thiers: Cutlery Capital of France&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://mechtraveller.com/2020/01/thiers-cutlery-capital-of-france/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Mechtravller.  Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt; àti {{ill|Coutellia|fr|Coutellia}}, tí ó jẹ́ Ìpàtẹ Ọjà Òwò tí òun ṣe àfihàn ararè Gégébí ìpàdé àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ abẹ àgbáyé ti tóbi jùlọ.

====Ní Germany====

Ni ìfojúdá, Germany ni òun pèsè 7% nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí fún títa ni ọjà àgbáyé ni Ọdún 2019.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192116/https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt; tí wọ́n ń tún dàpè ni ìlú abẹ, &quot;The City of Blades&quot;, [[:en:Solingen|Solingen]], ni apá àríwá Rhine-Westphalia, jẹ́ àárín gbùngbùn fún ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní ìgbàanì. Ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, wọn fi ojú dáa wipe ni Ọókẹ́rẹ́-jù,àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ Alùmọ́gàjí bí ọ́ọ̀dúnrún ni wọ́n wà ní Solingen.&lt;ref&gt;Zautor, Capital (2019-04-13) [https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc &quot;How the Knife Makers from Solingen Survived&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193622/https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 1995, ìlú Solingen ṣe Òfin Ìjọba Ìbílẹ̀ ti o jẹ ìtèsíwájú òfin tí ọdún 1930 ti o ṣe ní àlàyé pé lílọ àmì ijànní òntè tí ó ṣe àfihàn wípé ni Solingen ni wọn ti pèsè nkan òun ni yio je fún àwọn ǹkan ọjà tí wọ́n bá pèsè ni agbègbè àtijó tíi Solingen. Ní ọdún 2019, òfin yí de ókẹ́rẹ́ ju, àwọn àádọ́jọ ilé iṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ń pèsè abẹ oríṣiríṣi àti Alùmọ́gàjí.&lt;ref&gt;Zautor, Capital (2019-04-13) [https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc &quot;How the Knife Makers from Solingen Survived&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193622/https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Friedrich Herder, tí wón dákalè ní Solingen ni Ọdún 1727, òun ló jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó pé jùlọ tí wọ́n ti ṣèdá rẹ̀ tí òun sì tún ṣiṣẹ́ ni Germany.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.herder-solingen.de/ Friedrich Herder: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192119/https://www.herder-solingen.de/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní Italy====

[[File:Detatchable kitchen.jpg|thumb|right| Alùmọ́gàjí àtijó fún ilé ìdáná Ẹ̀yà tí ilé Ítálì, tí wọ́n má ńlò fun gígé àwọn ǹkan oúnjẹ. Àwọn apá rẹ̀ ní o ṣé yọ ní ekeka lójúnà áti ṣe àmójútó rẹ̀.]]

Premana, ní agbègbè Lecco, óun ni ó ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rẹ ninu ìṣẹ́ àgbède irin àti ṣíṣe ọ̀bẹ ni àwọn nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. No ọdún 1900, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí mewa ni ó wà nínú ilé iṣẹ́ wọn, ó di ọgún ní ọdún 1952 tí ó sì di méjídínláàdọ́ta ní ọdún 1960.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.comune.premana.lc.it/c097069/zf/index.php/servizi-aggiuntivi/index/index/idtesto/20132 Municipality of Premana: Economy.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035356/https://www.comune.premana.lc.it/c097069/zf/index.php/servizi-aggiuntivi/index/index/idtesto/20132 |date=2022-01-07 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni òní, Ile ise alájọni Consorzio Premax, se Àkójọ àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bí ọgọ́ta tí wọ́n ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní abélé fún ọjà àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.eccolecco.it/en/towns-lombardy/premana/ Ecco Lecco Tourist Guide to Lecco Province: Premana.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035418/https://www.eccolecco.it/en/towns-lombardy/premana/ |date=2022-01-07 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2019, Italy pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí pẹ̀lú áfojúdá 3.5% fún títà ni ọjà Àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192116/https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ò kan nínú ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí Premanese tí wọ́n dákalè ni ọdun 1869 sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni Sanelli Ambrogio.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sanelliambrogio.it/en/azienda.aspx Ambrogio Sanelli: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510192653/https://www.sanelliambrogio.it/en/azienda.aspx |date=2021-05-10 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní Japan====

Ṣíṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ni Japan òun ni ó jeyo láti ara ìdàgbàsókè níbi iṣẹ́e Alágbẹ̀dẹ idà ṣíṣe ni àwọn nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá.&lt;ref&gt;Sibert, Jake (2018-09-19) [https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai &quot;See Why This Pair of Scissors Costs $35,000 USD&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192117/https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai |date=2022-01-06 }}, HypeBeast Great Big Story. Retrieved 12-04-21.&lt;/ref&gt; Seki, ní agbègbè Gifu, óun ni ó gbajúmọ̀ fún jíjẹ agbègbè tí wọ́n ń tí ń ṣe idà ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àkókò ọdún 1200s. Lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n fi òfin de àwọn ará ìlù láti mọ gbé idà rìn ká mọ̀, àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ ìlú na yí isé padà sí pípèsè àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí àti ọ̀bẹ.&lt;ref&gt;[https://visitseki.jp/ Visit Seki Official Guide, Gifu Prefecture.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://visitseki.jp/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt; oríṣiríṣi ni àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ilé Japan, àmọ́ Alùmọ́gàjí fún iṣẹ́ ìránso ni ọmọ ilẹ̀ America kan, Matthew Perry láti ọrílé-èdè United States ní ọdún 1854.&lt;ref&gt;Kitajima Y., Kito K., Migaki M., Matsumuro K., Murata Y., Hamada H. (2015) [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21073-5_13 Process Analysis of Manufacturing of Sewing Scissors by All Forging Process and Understanding of Its Sharpness. In: Duffy V. (eds) Digital Human Modeling. Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics and Risk Management: Human Modeling.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409220441/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-21073-5_13 |date=2022-04-09 }} DHM 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 9184. Springer, Cham.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilé iṣẹ́ Sasuke tí ó wà ní ìlú ńlá Sakai tí ó wà ní apá Gúúsù ìlú Osaka òun ni Yasuhiro Hirakawa ṣe alamojuto re gẹ́gẹ́bi Alágbẹ̀dẹ Alùmọ́gàjí ìran kaàrún. Ilé iṣẹ́ na ni ó ti bèrè ìṣe láti 1867.&lt;ref&gt;Ken (2019-12-27), [https://matcha-jp.com/en/8529 &quot;Sasuke: Witness the Art of Japanese Blacksmithing in Osaka&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192122/https://matcha-jp.com/en/8529 |date=2022-01-06 }}, Matcha Japan. Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt; Yasuhiro Hirakawa ni ó jẹ́ Alágbẹ̀dẹ àlùmógàjí ìgbẹ̀yìn tí ó mò nípa ọ́nà tí wọ́n ń gbá ṣe àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ìgbàanì tí wọ́n ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípé ni àwọn abẹ wọn má ń fẹ́lẹ́, tí wọ́n ń sì tún má ń fúyé pẹ̀lú mímú tí ó ju ti ilẹ̀ àwọn Europe lọ.&lt;ref&gt;Kazue (2021-04-19) [https://japanonlinetour.com/blog/discovering-japanese-quality-scissors-and-knives-tour/ &quot;Discovering Quality Japanese Scissors and Knives&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193628/https://japanonlinetour.com/blog/discovering-japanese-quality-scissors-and-knives-tour/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2018, wọ́n ṣe àfihàn rẹ nínú eré àkásílẹ̀ ìtàn tí ó tún ṣe àfihàn Igi àmúkúrú fún ẹwà rẹ (bonsai snips) tí wón tà ní ìtà àrátúntà ní US$35,000.&lt;ref&gt;Sibert, Jake (2018-09-19) [https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai &quot;See Why This Pair of Scissors Costs $35,000 USD&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192117/https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai |date=2022-01-06 }}, HypeBeast Great Big Story. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní ilè Spain====

Ní Solsona, ọrílé-èdè Spain, ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí bèrè ni nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. Ní àkókò ìdàgbàsókè oko-òwò ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí, ní àwọn ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bí érìnlélógún ni wọn ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí lábé Ìṣàkóso Olùdáàbòbò mímó ọ̀bẹ, Saint Eligius.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.pallaressolsona.com/en/about-us/ Pallarès Solsona: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192129/http://www.pallaressolsona.com/en/about-us/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọwọ́ ààrin ọdún 1980s, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ méjì Ni ó kù, ní ìgbà tí yí ọ sí fi di ọdún 2021, ilé iṣẹ́e Pallarès Solsona, tí ẹbí Lluìs àti Carles Pallarès Canal, dákalè ní ọdún 1917 nìkan ni ó jẹ́ ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó sékù ni ìlú náà.&lt;ref&gt;[https://reste.co.uk/blogs/journal-1/carving-a-place-in-history &quot;The Makers: Carving a Place in History&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192119/https://reste.co.uk/blogs/journal-1/carving-a-place-in-history |date=2022-01-06 }}, Reste Journal. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;


====Ní ilè United Kingdom====

Sheffield je ilé fún àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí àkókó tí wọ́n ṣe fún títà òpò yanturu ní ọdún 1761. Ní ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún, ìfojúdá bí ọgọ́ta ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí ní o ti wà ní Sheffield. Ṣùgbọ́n, láti àwọn ọdún 1980s, tí ìfẹ́ àwọn olùrà tí sí sí àwọn ǹkan ti kò wọ́n púpò, tí Ìgbòòrò sì tún tí dé bá oko-òwò  kárí-ayé, tí àwọn Olùpèsè èrò Alùmọ́gàjí ní abélé tí bèrè sí kó igbá ọjà wọlé. Ní ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 2021, ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí méjì ni ó sékù ní Sheffield.&lt;ref&gt;[https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ Scissor-Making: Red List of Endangered Crafts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ |date=2022-01-06 }}, British Heritage Crafts Association. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí òún ni William Whiteley, tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1760,&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.whiteley.co.uk/heritage/ William Whiteley: Heritage.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://www.whiteley.co.uk/heritage/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt; àti [[:en:Ernest_Wright_(scissors_maker)|Ernest Wright]], tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1902. Àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ méjèèjì òun ni wón ti yí òun ti wọn pèsè padà sí àwọn ǹkan ìwúlò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;Floyd, Charlie (2021-04-04) [https://www.businessinsider.com/why-traditional-sheffield-scissors-scissors-are-so-expensive-2020-4 &quot;Why Ernest Wright Scissors are so expensive&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035320/https://www.businessinsider.com/why-traditional-sheffield-scissors-scissors-are-so-expensive-2020-4 |date=2022-01-07 }}. Business Insider. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ni àárín àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ méjèèjì yí, ìwòye ni pé ó kéré jù, àwọn oníṣẹ́ mẹ́wàá tí wọ́n kó nípa títò papò àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí Sheffield òun ni wón gbà si ìṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;[https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ Scissor-Making: Red List of Endangered Crafts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ |date=2022-01-06 }}, British Heritage Crafts Association. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2020, Ernest Wright ni wọn fi àmì ẹ̀yẹ alákòólé Endangered Crafts dá ní ọlá láti ọwọ́o àjọ British Heritage Crafts Association.&lt;ref&gt;Carpenter, Daniel (2020-10-08), [https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/winners-of-the-2020-heritage-crafts-awards/ &quot;Winners of the 2020 Heritage Crafts Awards&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192121/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/winners-of-the-2020-heritage-crafts-awards/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

==Alùmọ́gàjí olọ́wọ́-ọ̀tún àti olọ́wọ́-òsì==

[[File:RH-LH sidebents.jpg|thumb|Left-handed (left) and right-handed (right) sidebent scissors]]

Irúfẹ́ Ẹ̀yà méjì Alùmọ́gàjí tí olówó òsì ni ó wà. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí olówó òsì ni wọn ń sábà máa ń pè ní Alùmọ́gàjí alábọ̀-ọwọ́-òsì (&quot;semi&quot;-left-handed scissors) látàrí bí èyàn ṣe le fi èyìn òdì ọwọ́ mú wọn. Bí ẹnu Alùmọ́gàjí olówó ọ̀tún ṣe ń sí, be nani tí olówó òsì ṣe ń sí. Ìyàtò kékeré àárín wọn ní o níse pẹ̀lú bi ẹnu abẹ gígé nkan wọn ṣe wà ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ẹnu ihò ọwọ́ tí wọ́n ń fi dì wọ́n mú. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;What's the Difference Between Right- and Left-Handed Scissors?&quot; Kim Griffin, Griffin Occupational Therapy Blog. https://www.griffinot.com/difference-left-handed-scissors/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127161351/https://www.griffinot.com/difference-left-handed-scissors/ |date=2021-11-27 }}, retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ènìyàn tí ó jẹ́ olówó òsì tí ó ti ń lọ Alùmọ́gàjí alábọ̀-ọwọ́-òsì le ni ìṣòro tí ó bá fẹ́ lọ Alùmọ́gàjí tí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Do You Know – Left-Handed Scissors&quot; Olive Branch Educators, https://www.obeducators.com/reflections/do-you-know-left-handed-scissors {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127161352/https://www.obeducators.com/reflections/do-you-know-left-handed-scissors |date=2021-11-27 }}, retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Irúfẹ́ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí kan ní wón ń rà lábé orúkọ Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ([[:en:Ambidextrous|ambidextrous]]). Àwọn eléyi ni ọwọ́ gboro lèyí tí kò jẹ ki ìyàtò wá ní àárín àtànpàkò ọwọ́ àti àwọn ìka ìyókù, pẹ̀lú àfikún irinṣẹ́ ìyípọ̀ ààrin tí ó ní agbára. Àmọ́, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì &quot;ambidextrous&quot; òun na si tún ní wón jẹ́ ti olówó-ọ̀tún látàrí abẹ ọwọ́ òkè ni yio wà ní owó ọ̀tún bí ènìyàn bá fi ọwọ́ ọ̀tún dìímú. Bótilèjépé Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ní wón pèé, bí ẹni tí ń bá lọ ọwọ́ òsì bá lòó, ọwọ́ abẹ yí ọ di lójú láti rínà rí òun ti oun gé dáadáa. Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì òun ni yio sé ṣe bí wọ́n bá le ṣe ẹnu abẹ ni olójú méjì tí ọwọ́ kan sì ṣe yípo ní olóbìrí (360 [[:en:Degree_(angle)|degrees]]) lèyí tí yíò je ki ọwọ́ tí wọ́n yí seyin di ojú ìgé nkan tuntun. Eléyi ni Ìwé-èdídí ọjà fún Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì: {{US patent|3978584}}.

==Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí kékeré àti títóbi ==
Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ní àwọn wọ̀nyí:

=== Fún iṣẹ́ ọkọ, ọ̀gbìn àti ìtọ́jú ẹran ọ̀sìn ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Hedge trimmer]]s
| [[File:Taille haie.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé ọgbà koríko [[hedge (barrier)|hedges]]
|-
| [[Grass shears]]
| [[File:Gardena-Grasschere klassisch.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé koríko
|-
| [[Averruncator]]s
| [[File:Averruncator.png|150x150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi gíga 
|-
| [[Pruning shears]] or secateurs
| [[File:Secateur ouvert.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi kékeré 
|-
| [[Loppers]] 
| [[File:Astschere.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi títóbi 
|-
| [[Sheep shearing#Blade shears|Blade shears]]
| [[File:BladeShears.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé irun ara ẹranko bí àgùntàn 
|}

===Fún oúnjẹ àti ìpèsè ògùn===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Kitchen scissors or kitchen shears 
| [[File:Kitchen scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún ìṣètò oúnjẹ àti àwọn ìwúlò míràn nínú ilé ìdáná
|-e

| Poultry shears 
| [[File:Gefligelschéier.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé irun àti ara àwọn adìẹ [[poultry]]
|-
| [[Cigar cutter]]
| [[File:Cigar cutter.JPG|150px]]
| Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé cigar
|}

===Fún ìtọ́jú ara ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Hair-cutting shears]]
| [[File:Hair Cutting Scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àti àtúnṣe irun 
|-
| Thinning shears
| [[File:Modellierschere.jpg|150px]]
| fún ṣíṣe ìtọ́jú, àtúnṣe àti mímú àdínkù bá irun
|-
| [[Hair clipper]]s
| [[File:Manual hair clippers.JPG|150px]]
| tí àwọn onígbàjámò [[barber]]s,onídìrí [[hairdresser]]s, àti àwọn tí wọ́n ń ṣe ìtọ́jú ajá [[Dog grooming|pet groomers]] ńlò fun fún irun gígé 
|-
| Nail scissors
| [[File:Nagelschere.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé èèkáná [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]]
|-
| Nose scissors
| [[File:Nose scissors.jpg|150px]]
| Alùmọ́gàjí kékeré fún gígé irun imú [[nostril]] àti irun etí
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ irin ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Snips#Tinner snips|Tinner snips]]
| [[File:Tin snips.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé agolo [[tin]]
|-
| [[Snips#Compound-action snips|Compound-action snips]]
| [[File:Cortachapa.png|150px]]
| fún gígé Alumíníọ̀mù [[aluminium]] àti irin [[stainless steel]]
|-
| Pipe and duct snips
|
|fún gígé [[Exhaust system|stove pipe]] àti Ike ducting
|-
| [[Hydraulic rescue tools|Hydraulic cutters]]
| [[File:Extrication cutter 1.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ìrìn wúwo, tí wọ́n ń lọ níbi ìṣe ojú òpópónà [[traffic collisions]]. Wọ́n tun má ń pè wọ́n ní orúkọ ìtajà [[genericized trademark]] &quot;Jaws of Life&quot;.
|-
| [[Shear (sheet metal)#Throatless shear|Throatless shear]]
| [[File:ThroatlessShear.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé irin ní àwọn oríṣiríṣi ọ̀nà àrà
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ Ètò ìlera ara ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Trauma shears]], or &quot;tuff cuts&quot;
| [[File:Aa_trauma_shears.jpg|150px]]
| for use in emergency medical response and rescue to cut off clothing
|-
| Dissection scissors
| 
| for cutting flesh in [[dissection]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Surgical scissors]]
| [[File:Mayo scissors 02.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting flesh in [[surgery]]&lt;ref name=&quot;FullerFuller2012&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Fuller |first=Joanna Kotcher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DBU662BLit0C&amp;pg=PA234 |title=Surgical Technology: Principles and Practice |last2=Fuller |first2=Joanna Ruth |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-4557-2506-9 |page=234}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Suture scissors]]
| [[File:Suture scissors on gray.png|150px]]
| for cutting [[Surgical suture|sutures]], the hook lifts the suture
|-
| [[Iris scissors]]
|
| for [[ophthalmic surgery]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Metzenbaum scissors]]
| [[File:Metzenbaum scissors.jpg|150px]]
| for delicate surgery{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Tenotomy scissors]]
| [[File:Tenotomy scissors.jpg|150px]]
| for delicate surgery&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bilsky |first1=Mark H. |last2=Vitaz |first2= Todd W.|year=2002|title=Surgical treatment of superior sulcus tumors with spinal and brachial plexus involvement|journal=[[Journal of Neurosurgery]]|volume=97|issue=3|pages=301–309|doi=10.3171/spi.2002.97.3.0301|pmid=12408383 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Mayo scissors]]
| [[File:Mayo surgical scissors.jpg|150px]]
| often for cutting [[fascia]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Bandage scissors]]
| [[File:Bandage Scissors.JPG|150px]]
| for cutting bandages&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Burnham|first=Preston J.|date=1958-10-11|title=New bandage scissors|journal=[[Journal of the American Medical Association]]|volume=168|issue=6|pages=760|doi=10.1001/jama.1958.63000060001011|pmid=13575196}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===Fún ayẹyẹ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Ceremonial scissors
| [[File:Joshua Kent, with the help of Col. Jay Silveria cut the ribbon and Carlos Mencia Kid Rock and Jessie James cut the ribbon to open new fitness stations at RAF Lakenheath.jpg|150px]]
| giant scissors used for ceremonial [[Ribbon-cutting ceremony|ribbon-cutting events]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ aṣọ gígé ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Crafting scissors
| [[File:Paper trimmers.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting materials for [[Craft|crafts]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Buttonhole]] scissors
| [[File:Forbici da occhielli.jpg|80px]]
| for opening buttonholes{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Dressmaker's shears]]
| [[File:Tailors shears LH.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting fabric for [[Dressmaker|dressmaking]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Embroidery scissors]]
| [[File:Embroidery scissors2022.jpg|100px]]
| for cutting fabric for [[embroidery]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Pinking shears]]
| [[File:Zackenschere.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting cloth leaving a sawtooth edge{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Tailor]]'s scissors
| [[File:Schere 18-19 Jh.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting through heavy-duty materials such as leather or multiple layers of fabric{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|}

=== Fún ẹ̀kọ́ àwọn ọmọ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ ===
{{anchor|Safety scissors}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Safety scissors
| [[File:Safety scissors blue.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún àwọn ọmọ kékeré láti mó nípa bí wọn ń ṣe n lọ Alùmọ́gàjí; irúfé àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí fún ẹ̀kọ́ bayi ni ẹnu wọn ń má kú lójúnà áti dínwó ìjàmbá kù fún ọwọ́ àwọn ọmọ ọwọ́
|}

== Ìfihàn àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ayé àtijó ==

&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Scissors (Jian) with Clouds and Floral Scrolls LACMA M.2003.14.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí àwọn Chinese, tí wọ́n ń lọ ní owó ààrin ìgbà-[[Tang dynasty]]
File:Iron scissors, E Han.JPG|Alùmọ́gàjí láti ìgbà [[Han dynasty]]
File:Skalm 2.JPG|Àlùmógàjí [[Fiskars]] láti ọdún 1967
File:Borduurschaartje.jpg|Àlùmógàjí fún òsó aṣọ ([[Embroidery]]) Pẹ̀lú ìrísí Àkọ̀ ([[crane (bird)|crane]]) 
File:Schere Gr 99.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí ńlá 
File:Teppichschere.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé Aṣọ ìpè (Kápẹ́ẹ̀tì) 
File:Small Scissors.jpg|Irúfé Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wọn ń fín gé okùn òwú ni ilẹ̀ Japan 
File:Scissors Pre 1850.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń fi ń gé aṣọ láti Norway láti àwọn ọdún 1850s sẹ́yìn
File:手工锻打螯剪.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí pẹ̀lú ìrísí ilẹ̀ China ni Ilé ìfihàn àwọn Ìṣembáyé Hangzhou. 
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Tún yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò ==

*[[Hemostat]] jẹ́ irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí tí kìí gé ǹkan ṣùgbọ́n tí wọ́n ń lò níbi isé abẹ [[surgery]] láti fi di nǹkan mú pinpin.
*[[Nipper (tool)|Nippers]] jẹ́ irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí míràn tí wọ́n ń fi ń fó (break) Ìrépé ara Òkúta ilẹ̀ [[tile]].
*[[Pliers]] èyí je Irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń fi ń di wáyà tàbí so ìrìn papò. 
*[[Tijeras Canyon]] Ibi Àbùdá Ilẹ̀ kan ni New Mexico, US àti [[Tijeras, New Mexico|Tijeras]] Ó jẹ́ abúlé kan tí ó ní Ihò Àpáta Nlá tí wọ́n so ní orúkọ Alùmọ́gàjí &quot;scissors&quot; látàrí ìrísí rẹ ni èdè Spanish.</text>
      <sha1>q0fjv9gnfm7pvu7we4wj8rj1yhc3rcb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637691</id>
      <parentid>637690</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-22T12:13:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim</username>
        <id>31612</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Fún iṣẹ́ Ètò ìlera ara */</comment>
      <origin>637691</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="35943" sha1="g7dcdr61hm4p4cvplm2kd1vk0r6bokt" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Hand-operated cutting tool}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Pp-vandalism|small=yes}}

[[File:Standard household scissors.jpg|thumb|Alùmọ́gàjí eyòkan ]]
[[File:Aerra's Films of the Ordinary IV -- Scissors Cutting Card Stock.webm|thumb|Fọ́nrán kan tí òun ṣe àfihàn bí wọn ń ṣe n lo Alùmọ́gàjí láti gé [[:en:Card_stock|Pálí ìwé]]]]

'''Alùmọ́gàjí'''  tàbí '''Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi''' jẹ́ irinṣẹ́ ọwọ́ &quot;[[:en:Hand_tool|hand-operated]]&quot; fun gígé nkan [[:en:Cutting|cutting]] [[:en:Tool|tool]]  tí ó ní àwọn ọwọ́ abẹ méjì [[:en:Handle|handles]] tàbí ([[:en:Tang_(blade)|shank]]) tí ó mú, tí ẹnu abẹ wọn ń gba ègbẹ́ arawon kọjá ní ìgbà tí bá pa ẹnu ọwọ́   ( shank ) wọn papò ní apá kejì, lèyí tí yíò mu ẹnu abẹ méjì tí ó mú yí kọjá ní ègbé arawon tí yíò sì so òun ti ń bá ń bẹ ní àrin wọn di gígé &quot;[[:en:Shearing_(physics)|shearing]]&quot; . A sábà máa ń lo Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé àwọn ǹkan bíi [[Paper|Ìwé]], páálí, fílíìlì irin &quot;[[:en:Metal_leaf|metal foil]]&quot; , [[aṣọ]] , [[:en:Rope|okùn]] àti wáyà &quot;[[:en:Wire|wire]]&quot; , bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé oríṣiríṣi Alùmọ́gàjí ló wà fún oríṣiríṣi iṣẹ́, tí ọwọ́ bí wọn ba ṣe ṣe wọ́n sì ni yóò tọ́ka irú Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó dára fún irú ìṣe tí a fẹ́ fi ṣe. 

Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo Alùmọ́gàjí ni wọ́n ń lọ ìlànà kan náà láti ṣiṣẹ́, Alùmọ́gàjí tó lágbára tí a ṣe fún gígé àwọn ohun èlò líle ni a sábà máa ń pè ní Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi (fún àpẹẹrẹ, Alùmọ́gàjí ọgbà &quot;[[:en:Pruning_shears|pruning shears]]&quot; àti Alùmọ́gàjí koríko &quot;[[:en:Grass_shears|grass shears]]&quot; ), àti àwọn mìíràn tí wọ́n tún tóbi jù, tí ó ní ọwọ́ méjì ni a ń pè ní ''&quot;trimmers&quot;''  (fún àpẹẹrẹ Alùmọ́gàjí ọgbà ). Yíyan Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó bá irú ìṣẹ́ tí a fẹ́ lò wọ́n fún ṣe kókó kí a mó baà bá òun èlò tàbí Alùmọ́gàjí wá gan jẹ́.  Fún bíi àpẹẹrẹ, Alùmọ́gàjí ìgé irun &quot;[[:en:Hair-cutting_shears|hair-cutting shears]]&quot; àti Alùmọ́gàjí ilé ìdáná &quot;[[:en:Kitchen_shears|kitchen shears]]&quot; òun ni wón jọ arawon nípa pé àwọn méjèèjì ní wón lè gé nkan, sugbon iyato arawọn ni pé, ẹnu Alùmọ́gàjí ti irun gígé òun ni ó wàpa fún gígé [[irun]] tó pọ̀, tí ó sì jẹ́ wipe lílo irú Alùmọ́gàjí míràn lè ṣe àkóbá fún irun. Ní apá kejì, Alùmọ́gàjí tí ilé ìdáná, ni a ṣe fún gígé àwọn ohun èlò [[oúnjẹ]] líle bíi ẹran, iṣan àti [[egungun]] . Alùmọ́gàjí iṣẹ́-abẹ &quot;[[:en:Surgical_scissors|Surgical scissors]]&quot; , tí a lò láti pín àwọn àsopọ̀ iṣan-ara àti láti gé, ṣe àtúnṣe àwọn ohun èlò ìtọ́jú ara nígbà iṣẹ́-abẹ, ní òpin sí oríṣiríṣi, tí onírúurú ẹ̀yà rẹ sì wà láti kojú onírúurú ìlànà ẹ̀yà, àti ipò ara &quot;[[:en:Anatomical|anatomical]]&quot;. 

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ní wón ní owó ìgbámú bíi òrùka láti jẹ́ kí ó rọrùn láti lò fún gígé ǹkan, àwọn kan tilẹ̀ ní Àkásí-irin &quot;[[:en:Spring_(device)|spring]] &quot;láàárín láti jẹ́ kí ó rọrùn láti lò wọn (ní pàápàá, fún àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ní owó gboro ). Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń ṣe ní ìgbàanì ni wọn má ń ní owó irin, àwọn tí òde òní ni wọn ṣe wọn ní ọ̀nà tó rọrùn&quot; [[:en:Ergonomically|ergonomically]]&quot; fún ọwọ́ láti mú  dání pẹ̀lú àwọn ike  thermoplastic àti rọ́bà&quot; [[:en:Rubber|rubber]]&quot; tí a fi bo àwọn ọwọ́ Alùmọ́gàjí, kí ó bá fi lè rọrùn fún ọwọ́ láti mú àti láti lò.

==Àwọn Ètò ọ̀rọ̀-ìmọ̀==

''Alùmọ́gàjí '' gẹgẹbi Ọ̀rọ̀-orúkọ  òun ni wón kà kún Ọ̀rọ̀-orúkọ onípúpọ̀ ([[:en:Plurale_tantum|plural noun]]) lèyí tí ó jẹ́ kí ó mon gbé Ọ̀rọ̀-ìṣe onípúpọ̀  (gẹ́gẹ́bi àpẹẹrẹ., ''àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wón '').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Merriam-Webster|scissors|access-date=2025-05-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́nà mìíràn, wọn a tún mọ̀ tọ́ka sí Alùmọ́gàjí gẹgẹbi Àpólà ọ̀rọ̀ ẹyòkan ''Alùmọ́gàjí eyòkan''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Collins Dictionary|pair of scissors|access-date=21 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀rọ̀ náà ''Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi'' òun ni wón má ń lọ láti ṣe àpèjúwe àwọn òun èlò mìíràn bí Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi tí wọ́n ń lọ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ alágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Merriam-Webster|shear|access-date=2025-05-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtàn==

[[File:汉代剪刀.jpg|thumb|Alùmọ́gàjí àkókò ìgbà [[:en:Han_dynasty|Han dynasty]] ]]
[[File:Shears MET 29I E08R4.jpg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀nyí ni Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi tí wọ́n ro wípe ní wón ń lò wọ́n ní nkan bí ọ̀rúndún kejì sẹ́yìn ní ìgbàanì tí ó sì wá láti ilé àgbègbè [[:en:Trabzon|Trabzon]], ní [[Roman Empire|Roman]] Turkey. Ọwọ́ iṣẹ́-ọnà ara rẹ̀ ní òun ṣe Ìtọ́kasí ìgbìyànjú láti ṣe Àdàkọ iṣẹ́-ọnà ilé Egypt ( [[:en:Art_of_ancient_Egypt|Egyptian art]]) Tí wón bá pa ẹnu rẹ dé, àwòrán ajá àti olóngbò tí ń bẹ ní ara rẹ yio dójú ko arawon. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/547870 |title=Shears: Roman Period |website=[[Metropolitan Museum]] |access-date=2018-07-18 |date=n.d. |archive-date=2018-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718234449/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/547870 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

===Ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ===

Ilé iṣẹ́ [[:en:Zhang_Xiaoquan|Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan Company]] ní Hangzhou, China, ni òun ti ń ṣe Alùmọ́gàjí láti ọdún 1663.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sudworth&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Sudworth|first1=John|title=The scissor-maker that has cut through Chinese history|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739|work=BBC News|date=2013-04-22|access-date=2018-07-21|archive-date=2018-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505022602/http://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí olówó méjì kòìtí di òpò yanturu ní orí igbá  títí di ọdún 1761, ní ìgbà tí [[Robert Hinchliffe]] tí ìlú  [[:en:Sheffield|Sheffield]] pèsè  Alùmọ́gàjí àkókò ìgbàlódé tí òde òní pẹ̀lú irin dídán ([[:en:Steel_casting|cast steel]]). Ìpèníjà àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ tí ó ní ni bí yio tí ro awon ìrìn ni odidi kí ó tó lu ihò sì láti gba owó èyàn. Igbésẹ̀ yí ni àgbára, Hinchliffe tẹ̀síwájú lórí mímú ọ̀tun dééba lójúnà áti lè mu ìdàgbàsóke deba ìpèsè won. Hinchliffe gbé ní Cheney Square (tí a mọ̀ sí [[:en:Sheffield_Town_Hall#Previous_buildings|Sheffield Town Hall]]),ní òde òní níbi tí ó ti gbé àpèlé sì ìta tí òun tọ́ka sí ara rẹ gẹ́gẹ́bí Olùpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó dára jùlọ. Ojá Alùmọ́gàjí rè yá gan ni ile London àti ní àwọn ilé ibòmíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/sheffieldineigh00leadgoog#page/n76/mode/2up/search/Hinchcliffe |title=[Reminiscences of] Sheffield in the Eighteenth Century |pages=69–70 |date=1901 |publisher=The Sheffield Independent Press Limited |place=Sheffield |first=Robert Eadon |last=Leader }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Àwọn agbègbè tí wọ́n ń tí ń ṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ìgbàlódé ===

==== Ní ilè China====

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ni Àgbáyé ni òun wáyé ní orílẹ̀ èdè China. Títí di nkan bí ọdún 2019, China ní akọsílẹ̀ gbígbé 64.3% Ẹ̀rọ Alùmọ́gàjí jáde fún títa ni Àgbáyé . Bí a bá dá akọsílẹ̀ èyí pò mó Kíkójà lọ sí òkè-òkun ọjà Chinese Taipei, Àkọsílẹ̀ òun ni yóò sún sí 68.3%.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/resources/about The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://oec.world/en/resources/about |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 11/29/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilé iṣẹ́ Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan, tí wón dákalè ní ọdún 1663, jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó ti pé jù nípa pípèsè èrò Alùmọ́gàjí ní àgbáyé. Wọ́n so ilé iṣẹ́ na di títí orile-ede ni Ọdún 1958, tí ó sì ń gbá ènìyàn ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ́gbẹ̀jọ (1500) sí isẹ́, pẹ̀lú ìpèsè àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí bíi míllíónù méje ni ìfojúbù. Àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wọn kò wọn púpò tí wọ́n ń tà eyòkan rè fún àwọn aláràtúntà ni ó kéré tán,US$4.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sudworth&quot;/&gt;

====Ní ilè Faransé ====

Ní ìparí àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá, ní ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì fún  &quot;Alùmọ́gàjí &quot; tó di lílò. Ó jeyo nínú èdè faransé ìgbàanì {{Lang|fro|cisoires}}, tí ó túmọ̀ sí Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi.&lt;ref&gt;(2014-11-03) [https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors &quot;History 101: Scissors&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors |date=2022-01-06 }}, Daily KOS. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn agbègbè tí wọ́n jẹ́ pàtàki nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní ilé faransé pò ni oríṣiríṣi bíi: Haute-Marne ní Nogent-en Bassigny, Châtellereault, Thiers àti Rouen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://sajou.fr/en/1149-reeditions-of-vintage-scissors &quot;Re-editions of Vintage Scissors&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://sajou.fr/en/1149-reeditions-of-vintage-scissors |date=2022-01-06 }}, Sajou Blog. Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlú yí, gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn agbègbè míràn tí àwọn na ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí, gbogbo wọn ni wọn bèrè pẹ̀lú ìpèsè idà, àdá, àti Ọ̀bẹ ẹnu-ìbọn, kí wọ́n ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí àti àwọn abe míràn ni ọwọ́ ìparí ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún àti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.champagne-ardenne-tourism.co.uk/what-do/visiting/sites-visit/nogent-1217037 Official Website for Tourism in Champagne-Ardenne] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192123/https://www.champagne-ardenne-tourism.co.uk/what-do/visiting/sites-visit/nogent-1217037 |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt;

Thiers, ní Ẹ̀ka-iṣẹ́ Puy-de-Dôme ti Auvergne, jẹ́ àgbègbè pàtàkì nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí àti àwọn ṣíbí ìjẹun. Ó jẹ́ ilé fún Musée de la Coutellerie, tí ó ṣe àfihàn ìtàn egbẹ̀rin ọdún tí wọ́n ń tín ṣe abẹ ni ilu náà. &lt;ref&gt;Alastair (2020-01-12) [https://mechtraveller.com/2020/01/thiers-cutlery-capital-of-france/ &quot;Thiers: Cutlery Capital of France&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://mechtraveller.com/2020/01/thiers-cutlery-capital-of-france/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Mechtravller.  Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt; àti {{ill|Coutellia|fr|Coutellia}}, tí ó jẹ́ Ìpàtẹ Ọjà Òwò tí òun ṣe àfihàn ararè Gégébí ìpàdé àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ abẹ àgbáyé ti tóbi jùlọ.

====Ní Germany====

Ni ìfojúdá, Germany ni òun pèsè 7% nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí fún títa ni ọjà àgbáyé ni Ọdún 2019.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192116/https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt; tí wọ́n ń tún dàpè ni ìlú abẹ, &quot;The City of Blades&quot;, [[:en:Solingen|Solingen]], ni apá àríwá Rhine-Westphalia, jẹ́ àárín gbùngbùn fún ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní ìgbàanì. Ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, wọn fi ojú dáa wipe ni Ọókẹ́rẹ́-jù,àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ Alùmọ́gàjí bí ọ́ọ̀dúnrún ni wọ́n wà ní Solingen.&lt;ref&gt;Zautor, Capital (2019-04-13) [https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc &quot;How the Knife Makers from Solingen Survived&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193622/https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 1995, ìlú Solingen ṣe Òfin Ìjọba Ìbílẹ̀ ti o jẹ ìtèsíwájú òfin tí ọdún 1930 ti o ṣe ní àlàyé pé lílọ àmì ijànní òntè tí ó ṣe àfihàn wípé ni Solingen ni wọn ti pèsè nkan òun ni yio je fún àwọn ǹkan ọjà tí wọ́n bá pèsè ni agbègbè àtijó tíi Solingen. Ní ọdún 2019, òfin yí de ókẹ́rẹ́ ju, àwọn àádọ́jọ ilé iṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ń pèsè abẹ oríṣiríṣi àti Alùmọ́gàjí.&lt;ref&gt;Zautor, Capital (2019-04-13) [https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc &quot;How the Knife Makers from Solingen Survived&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193622/https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Friedrich Herder, tí wón dákalè ní Solingen ni Ọdún 1727, òun ló jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó pé jùlọ tí wọ́n ti ṣèdá rẹ̀ tí òun sì tún ṣiṣẹ́ ni Germany.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.herder-solingen.de/ Friedrich Herder: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192119/https://www.herder-solingen.de/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní Italy====

[[File:Detatchable kitchen.jpg|thumb|right| Alùmọ́gàjí àtijó fún ilé ìdáná Ẹ̀yà tí ilé Ítálì, tí wọ́n má ńlò fun gígé àwọn ǹkan oúnjẹ. Àwọn apá rẹ̀ ní o ṣé yọ ní ekeka lójúnà áti ṣe àmójútó rẹ̀.]]

Premana, ní agbègbè Lecco, óun ni ó ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rẹ ninu ìṣẹ́ àgbède irin àti ṣíṣe ọ̀bẹ ni àwọn nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. No ọdún 1900, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí mewa ni ó wà nínú ilé iṣẹ́ wọn, ó di ọgún ní ọdún 1952 tí ó sì di méjídínláàdọ́ta ní ọdún 1960.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.comune.premana.lc.it/c097069/zf/index.php/servizi-aggiuntivi/index/index/idtesto/20132 Municipality of Premana: Economy.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035356/https://www.comune.premana.lc.it/c097069/zf/index.php/servizi-aggiuntivi/index/index/idtesto/20132 |date=2022-01-07 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni òní, Ile ise alájọni Consorzio Premax, se Àkójọ àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bí ọgọ́ta tí wọ́n ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní abélé fún ọjà àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.eccolecco.it/en/towns-lombardy/premana/ Ecco Lecco Tourist Guide to Lecco Province: Premana.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035418/https://www.eccolecco.it/en/towns-lombardy/premana/ |date=2022-01-07 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2019, Italy pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí pẹ̀lú áfojúdá 3.5% fún títà ni ọjà Àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192116/https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ò kan nínú ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí Premanese tí wọ́n dákalè ni ọdun 1869 sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni Sanelli Ambrogio.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sanelliambrogio.it/en/azienda.aspx Ambrogio Sanelli: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510192653/https://www.sanelliambrogio.it/en/azienda.aspx |date=2021-05-10 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní Japan====

Ṣíṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ni Japan òun ni ó jeyo láti ara ìdàgbàsókè níbi iṣẹ́e Alágbẹ̀dẹ idà ṣíṣe ni àwọn nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá.&lt;ref&gt;Sibert, Jake (2018-09-19) [https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai &quot;See Why This Pair of Scissors Costs $35,000 USD&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192117/https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai |date=2022-01-06 }}, HypeBeast Great Big Story. Retrieved 12-04-21.&lt;/ref&gt; Seki, ní agbègbè Gifu, óun ni ó gbajúmọ̀ fún jíjẹ agbègbè tí wọ́n ń tí ń ṣe idà ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àkókò ọdún 1200s. Lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n fi òfin de àwọn ará ìlù láti mọ gbé idà rìn ká mọ̀, àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ ìlú na yí isé padà sí pípèsè àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí àti ọ̀bẹ.&lt;ref&gt;[https://visitseki.jp/ Visit Seki Official Guide, Gifu Prefecture.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://visitseki.jp/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt; oríṣiríṣi ni àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ilé Japan, àmọ́ Alùmọ́gàjí fún iṣẹ́ ìránso ni ọmọ ilẹ̀ America kan, Matthew Perry láti ọrílé-èdè United States ní ọdún 1854.&lt;ref&gt;Kitajima Y., Kito K., Migaki M., Matsumuro K., Murata Y., Hamada H. (2015) [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21073-5_13 Process Analysis of Manufacturing of Sewing Scissors by All Forging Process and Understanding of Its Sharpness. In: Duffy V. (eds) Digital Human Modeling. Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics and Risk Management: Human Modeling.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409220441/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-21073-5_13 |date=2022-04-09 }} DHM 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 9184. Springer, Cham.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilé iṣẹ́ Sasuke tí ó wà ní ìlú ńlá Sakai tí ó wà ní apá Gúúsù ìlú Osaka òun ni Yasuhiro Hirakawa ṣe alamojuto re gẹ́gẹ́bi Alágbẹ̀dẹ Alùmọ́gàjí ìran kaàrún. Ilé iṣẹ́ na ni ó ti bèrè ìṣe láti 1867.&lt;ref&gt;Ken (2019-12-27), [https://matcha-jp.com/en/8529 &quot;Sasuke: Witness the Art of Japanese Blacksmithing in Osaka&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192122/https://matcha-jp.com/en/8529 |date=2022-01-06 }}, Matcha Japan. Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt; Yasuhiro Hirakawa ni ó jẹ́ Alágbẹ̀dẹ àlùmógàjí ìgbẹ̀yìn tí ó mò nípa ọ́nà tí wọ́n ń gbá ṣe àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ìgbàanì tí wọ́n ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípé ni àwọn abẹ wọn má ń fẹ́lẹ́, tí wọ́n ń sì tún má ń fúyé pẹ̀lú mímú tí ó ju ti ilẹ̀ àwọn Europe lọ.&lt;ref&gt;Kazue (2021-04-19) [https://japanonlinetour.com/blog/discovering-japanese-quality-scissors-and-knives-tour/ &quot;Discovering Quality Japanese Scissors and Knives&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193628/https://japanonlinetour.com/blog/discovering-japanese-quality-scissors-and-knives-tour/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2018, wọ́n ṣe àfihàn rẹ nínú eré àkásílẹ̀ ìtàn tí ó tún ṣe àfihàn Igi àmúkúrú fún ẹwà rẹ (bonsai snips) tí wón tà ní ìtà àrátúntà ní US$35,000.&lt;ref&gt;Sibert, Jake (2018-09-19) [https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai &quot;See Why This Pair of Scissors Costs $35,000 USD&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192117/https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai |date=2022-01-06 }}, HypeBeast Great Big Story. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní ilè Spain====

Ní Solsona, ọrílé-èdè Spain, ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí bèrè ni nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. Ní àkókò ìdàgbàsókè oko-òwò ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí, ní àwọn ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bí érìnlélógún ni wọn ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí lábé Ìṣàkóso Olùdáàbòbò mímó ọ̀bẹ, Saint Eligius.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.pallaressolsona.com/en/about-us/ Pallarès Solsona: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192129/http://www.pallaressolsona.com/en/about-us/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọwọ́ ààrin ọdún 1980s, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ méjì Ni ó kù, ní ìgbà tí yí ọ sí fi di ọdún 2021, ilé iṣẹ́e Pallarès Solsona, tí ẹbí Lluìs àti Carles Pallarès Canal, dákalè ní ọdún 1917 nìkan ni ó jẹ́ ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó sékù ni ìlú náà.&lt;ref&gt;[https://reste.co.uk/blogs/journal-1/carving-a-place-in-history &quot;The Makers: Carving a Place in History&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192119/https://reste.co.uk/blogs/journal-1/carving-a-place-in-history |date=2022-01-06 }}, Reste Journal. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;


====Ní ilè United Kingdom====

Sheffield je ilé fún àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí àkókó tí wọ́n ṣe fún títà òpò yanturu ní ọdún 1761. Ní ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún, ìfojúdá bí ọgọ́ta ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí ní o ti wà ní Sheffield. Ṣùgbọ́n, láti àwọn ọdún 1980s, tí ìfẹ́ àwọn olùrà tí sí sí àwọn ǹkan ti kò wọ́n púpò, tí Ìgbòòrò sì tún tí dé bá oko-òwò  kárí-ayé, tí àwọn Olùpèsè èrò Alùmọ́gàjí ní abélé tí bèrè sí kó igbá ọjà wọlé. Ní ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 2021, ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí méjì ni ó sékù ní Sheffield.&lt;ref&gt;[https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ Scissor-Making: Red List of Endangered Crafts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ |date=2022-01-06 }}, British Heritage Crafts Association. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí òún ni William Whiteley, tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1760,&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.whiteley.co.uk/heritage/ William Whiteley: Heritage.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://www.whiteley.co.uk/heritage/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt; àti [[:en:Ernest_Wright_(scissors_maker)|Ernest Wright]], tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1902. Àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ méjèèjì òun ni wón ti yí òun ti wọn pèsè padà sí àwọn ǹkan ìwúlò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;Floyd, Charlie (2021-04-04) [https://www.businessinsider.com/why-traditional-sheffield-scissors-scissors-are-so-expensive-2020-4 &quot;Why Ernest Wright Scissors are so expensive&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035320/https://www.businessinsider.com/why-traditional-sheffield-scissors-scissors-are-so-expensive-2020-4 |date=2022-01-07 }}. Business Insider. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ni àárín àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ méjèèjì yí, ìwòye ni pé ó kéré jù, àwọn oníṣẹ́ mẹ́wàá tí wọ́n kó nípa títò papò àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí Sheffield òun ni wón gbà si ìṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;[https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ Scissor-Making: Red List of Endangered Crafts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ |date=2022-01-06 }}, British Heritage Crafts Association. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2020, Ernest Wright ni wọn fi àmì ẹ̀yẹ alákòólé Endangered Crafts dá ní ọlá láti ọwọ́o àjọ British Heritage Crafts Association.&lt;ref&gt;Carpenter, Daniel (2020-10-08), [https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/winners-of-the-2020-heritage-crafts-awards/ &quot;Winners of the 2020 Heritage Crafts Awards&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192121/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/winners-of-the-2020-heritage-crafts-awards/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

==Alùmọ́gàjí olọ́wọ́-ọ̀tún àti olọ́wọ́-òsì==

[[File:RH-LH sidebents.jpg|thumb|Left-handed (left) and right-handed (right) sidebent scissors]]

Irúfẹ́ Ẹ̀yà méjì Alùmọ́gàjí tí olówó òsì ni ó wà. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí olówó òsì ni wọn ń sábà máa ń pè ní Alùmọ́gàjí alábọ̀-ọwọ́-òsì (&quot;semi&quot;-left-handed scissors) látàrí bí èyàn ṣe le fi èyìn òdì ọwọ́ mú wọn. Bí ẹnu Alùmọ́gàjí olówó ọ̀tún ṣe ń sí, be nani tí olówó òsì ṣe ń sí. Ìyàtò kékeré àárín wọn ní o níse pẹ̀lú bi ẹnu abẹ gígé nkan wọn ṣe wà ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ẹnu ihò ọwọ́ tí wọ́n ń fi dì wọ́n mú. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;What's the Difference Between Right- and Left-Handed Scissors?&quot; Kim Griffin, Griffin Occupational Therapy Blog. https://www.griffinot.com/difference-left-handed-scissors/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127161351/https://www.griffinot.com/difference-left-handed-scissors/ |date=2021-11-27 }}, retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ènìyàn tí ó jẹ́ olówó òsì tí ó ti ń lọ Alùmọ́gàjí alábọ̀-ọwọ́-òsì le ni ìṣòro tí ó bá fẹ́ lọ Alùmọ́gàjí tí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Do You Know – Left-Handed Scissors&quot; Olive Branch Educators, https://www.obeducators.com/reflections/do-you-know-left-handed-scissors {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127161352/https://www.obeducators.com/reflections/do-you-know-left-handed-scissors |date=2021-11-27 }}, retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Irúfẹ́ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí kan ní wón ń rà lábé orúkọ Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ([[:en:Ambidextrous|ambidextrous]]). Àwọn eléyi ni ọwọ́ gboro lèyí tí kò jẹ ki ìyàtò wá ní àárín àtànpàkò ọwọ́ àti àwọn ìka ìyókù, pẹ̀lú àfikún irinṣẹ́ ìyípọ̀ ààrin tí ó ní agbára. Àmọ́, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì &quot;ambidextrous&quot; òun na si tún ní wón jẹ́ ti olówó-ọ̀tún látàrí abẹ ọwọ́ òkè ni yio wà ní owó ọ̀tún bí ènìyàn bá fi ọwọ́ ọ̀tún dìímú. Bótilèjépé Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ní wón pèé, bí ẹni tí ń bá lọ ọwọ́ òsì bá lòó, ọwọ́ abẹ yí ọ di lójú láti rínà rí òun ti oun gé dáadáa. Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì òun ni yio sé ṣe bí wọ́n bá le ṣe ẹnu abẹ ni olójú méjì tí ọwọ́ kan sì ṣe yípo ní olóbìrí (360 [[:en:Degree_(angle)|degrees]]) lèyí tí yíò je ki ọwọ́ tí wọ́n yí seyin di ojú ìgé nkan tuntun. Eléyi ni Ìwé-èdídí ọjà fún Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì: {{US patent|3978584}}.

==Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí kékeré àti títóbi ==
Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ní àwọn wọ̀nyí:

=== Fún iṣẹ́ ọkọ, ọ̀gbìn àti ìtọ́jú ẹran ọ̀sìn ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Hedge trimmer]]s
| [[File:Taille haie.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé ọgbà koríko [[hedge (barrier)|hedges]]
|-
| [[Grass shears]]
| [[File:Gardena-Grasschere klassisch.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé koríko
|-
| [[Averruncator]]s
| [[File:Averruncator.png|150x150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi gíga 
|-
| [[Pruning shears]] or secateurs
| [[File:Secateur ouvert.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi kékeré 
|-
| [[Loppers]] 
| [[File:Astschere.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi títóbi 
|-
| [[Sheep shearing#Blade shears|Blade shears]]
| [[File:BladeShears.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé irun ara ẹranko bí àgùntàn 
|}

===Fún oúnjẹ àti ìpèsè ògùn===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Kitchen scissors or kitchen shears 
| [[File:Kitchen scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún ìṣètò oúnjẹ àti àwọn ìwúlò míràn nínú ilé ìdáná
|-e

| Poultry shears 
| [[File:Gefligelschéier.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé irun àti ara àwọn adìẹ [[poultry]]
|-
| [[Cigar cutter]]
| [[File:Cigar cutter.JPG|150px]]
| Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé cigar
|}

===Fún ìtọ́jú ara ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Hair-cutting shears]]
| [[File:Hair Cutting Scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àti àtúnṣe irun 
|-
| Thinning shears
| [[File:Modellierschere.jpg|150px]]
| fún ṣíṣe ìtọ́jú, àtúnṣe àti mímú àdínkù bá irun
|-
| [[Hair clipper]]s
| [[File:Manual hair clippers.JPG|150px]]
| tí àwọn onígbàjámò [[barber]]s,onídìrí [[hairdresser]]s, àti àwọn tí wọ́n ń ṣe ìtọ́jú ajá [[Dog grooming|pet groomers]] ńlò fun fún irun gígé 
|-
| Nail scissors
| [[File:Nagelschere.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé èèkáná [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]]
|-
| Nose scissors
| [[File:Nose scissors.jpg|150px]]
| Alùmọ́gàjí kékeré fún gígé irun imú [[nostril]] àti irun etí
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ irin ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Snips#Tinner snips|Tinner snips]]
| [[File:Tin snips.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé agolo [[tin]]
|-
| [[Snips#Compound-action snips|Compound-action snips]]
| [[File:Cortachapa.png|150px]]
| fún gígé Alumíníọ̀mù [[aluminium]] àti irin [[stainless steel]]
|-
| Pipe and duct snips
|
|fún gígé [[Exhaust system|stove pipe]] àti Ike ducting
|-
| [[Hydraulic rescue tools|Hydraulic cutters]]
| [[File:Extrication cutter 1.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ìrìn wúwo, tí wọ́n ń lọ níbi ìṣe ojú òpópónà [[traffic collisions]]. Wọ́n tun má ń pè wọ́n ní orúkọ ìtajà [[genericized trademark]] &quot;Jaws of Life&quot;.
|-
| [[Shear (sheet metal)#Throatless shear|Throatless shear]]
| [[File:ThroatlessShear.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé irin ní àwọn oríṣiríṣi ọ̀nà àrà
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ Ètò ìlera ara ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Trauma shears]], or &quot;tuff cuts&quot;
| [[File:Aa_trauma_shears.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé Aṣọ ni akoko ìpènijà eto ìlera|-
| Dissection scissors
| 
| fún gígé ẹran ara ni àkókò iṣẹ́ abe [[dissection]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Surgical scissors]]
| [[File:Mayo scissors 02.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé awo ara ní àkókò iṣẹ́ abe [[surgery]]&lt;ref name=&quot;FullerFuller2012&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Fuller |first=Joanna Kotcher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DBU662BLit0C&amp;pg=PA234 |title=Surgical Technology: Principles and Practice |last2=Fuller |first2=Joanna Ruth |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-4557-2506-9 |page=234}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Suture scissors]]
| [[File:Suture scissors on gray.png|150px]]
| fún gígé Okùn iṣẹ́-abẹ [[Surgical suture|sutures]]. 
|-
| [[Iris scissors]]
|
| fún iṣẹ́ abe [[ophthalmic surgery]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Metzenbaum scissors]]
| [[File:Metzenbaum scissors.jpg|150px]]
| for delicate surgery{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Tenotomy scissors]]
| [[File:Tenotomy scissors.jpg|150px]]
| for delicate surgery&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bilsky |first1=Mark H. |last2=Vitaz |first2= Todd W.|year=2002|title=Surgical treatment of superior sulcus tumors with spinal and brachial plexus involvement|journal=[[Journal of Neurosurgery]]|volume=97|issue=3|pages=301–309|doi=10.3171/spi.2002.97.3.0301|pmid=12408383 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Mayo scissors]]
| [[File:Mayo surgical scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn Ìsopọ̀ ẹran-ara [[fascia]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Bandage scissors]]
| [[File:Bandage Scissors.JPG|150px]]
| for cutting bandages&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Burnham|first=Preston J.|date=1958-10-11|title=New bandage scissors|journal=[[Journal of the American Medical Association]]|volume=168|issue=6|pages=760|doi=10.1001/jama.1958.63000060001011|pmid=13575196}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===Fún ayẹyẹ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Ceremonial scissors
| [[File:Joshua Kent, with the help of Col. Jay Silveria cut the ribbon and Carlos Mencia Kid Rock and Jessie James cut the ribbon to open new fitness stations at RAF Lakenheath.jpg|150px]]
| giant scissors used for ceremonial [[Ribbon-cutting ceremony|ribbon-cutting events]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ aṣọ gígé ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Crafting scissors
| [[File:Paper trimmers.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting materials for [[Craft|crafts]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Buttonhole]] scissors
| [[File:Forbici da occhielli.jpg|80px]]
| for opening buttonholes{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Dressmaker's shears]]
| [[File:Tailors shears LH.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting fabric for [[Dressmaker|dressmaking]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Embroidery scissors]]
| [[File:Embroidery scissors2022.jpg|100px]]
| for cutting fabric for [[embroidery]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Pinking shears]]
| [[File:Zackenschere.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting cloth leaving a sawtooth edge{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Tailor]]'s scissors
| [[File:Schere 18-19 Jh.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting through heavy-duty materials such as leather or multiple layers of fabric{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|}

=== Fún ẹ̀kọ́ àwọn ọmọ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ ===
{{anchor|Safety scissors}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Safety scissors
| [[File:Safety scissors blue.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún àwọn ọmọ kékeré láti mó nípa bí wọn ń ṣe n lọ Alùmọ́gàjí; irúfé àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí fún ẹ̀kọ́ bayi ni ẹnu wọn ń má kú lójúnà áti dínwó ìjàmbá kù fún ọwọ́ àwọn ọmọ ọwọ́
|}

== Ìfihàn àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ayé àtijó ==

&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Scissors (Jian) with Clouds and Floral Scrolls LACMA M.2003.14.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí àwọn Chinese, tí wọ́n ń lọ ní owó ààrin ìgbà-[[Tang dynasty]]
File:Iron scissors, E Han.JPG|Alùmọ́gàjí láti ìgbà [[Han dynasty]]
File:Skalm 2.JPG|Àlùmógàjí [[Fiskars]] láti ọdún 1967
File:Borduurschaartje.jpg|Àlùmógàjí fún òsó aṣọ ([[Embroidery]]) Pẹ̀lú ìrísí Àkọ̀ ([[crane (bird)|crane]]) 
File:Schere Gr 99.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí ńlá 
File:Teppichschere.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé Aṣọ ìpè (Kápẹ́ẹ̀tì) 
File:Small Scissors.jpg|Irúfé Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wọn ń fín gé okùn òwú ni ilẹ̀ Japan 
File:Scissors Pre 1850.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń fi ń gé aṣọ láti Norway láti àwọn ọdún 1850s sẹ́yìn
File:手工锻打螯剪.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí pẹ̀lú ìrísí ilẹ̀ China ni Ilé ìfihàn àwọn Ìṣembáyé Hangzhou. 
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Tún yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò ==

*[[Hemostat]] jẹ́ irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí tí kìí gé ǹkan ṣùgbọ́n tí wọ́n ń lò níbi isé abẹ [[surgery]] láti fi di nǹkan mú pinpin.
*[[Nipper (tool)|Nippers]] jẹ́ irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí míràn tí wọ́n ń fi ń fó (break) Ìrépé ara Òkúta ilẹ̀ [[tile]].
*[[Pliers]] èyí je Irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń fi ń di wáyà tàbí so ìrìn papò. 
*[[Tijeras Canyon]] Ibi Àbùdá Ilẹ̀ kan ni New Mexico, US àti [[Tijeras, New Mexico|Tijeras]] Ó jẹ́ abúlé kan tí ó ní Ihò Àpáta Nlá tí wọ́n so ní orúkọ Alùmọ́gàjí &quot;scissors&quot; látàrí ìrísí rẹ ni èdè Spanish.</text>
      <sha1>g7dcdr61hm4p4cvplm2kd1vk0r6bokt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637692</id>
      <parentid>637691</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-22T12:14:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim</username>
        <id>31612</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Fún iṣẹ́ Ètò ìlera ara */</comment>
      <origin>637692</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36031" sha1="ekk5uxq6hfu6p6m4kvgy579k0rk2tep" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Hand-operated cutting tool}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Pp-vandalism|small=yes}}

[[File:Standard household scissors.jpg|thumb|Alùmọ́gàjí eyòkan ]]
[[File:Aerra's Films of the Ordinary IV -- Scissors Cutting Card Stock.webm|thumb|Fọ́nrán kan tí òun ṣe àfihàn bí wọn ń ṣe n lo Alùmọ́gàjí láti gé [[:en:Card_stock|Pálí ìwé]]]]

'''Alùmọ́gàjí'''  tàbí '''Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi''' jẹ́ irinṣẹ́ ọwọ́ &quot;[[:en:Hand_tool|hand-operated]]&quot; fun gígé nkan [[:en:Cutting|cutting]] [[:en:Tool|tool]]  tí ó ní àwọn ọwọ́ abẹ méjì [[:en:Handle|handles]] tàbí ([[:en:Tang_(blade)|shank]]) tí ó mú, tí ẹnu abẹ wọn ń gba ègbẹ́ arawon kọjá ní ìgbà tí bá pa ẹnu ọwọ́   ( shank ) wọn papò ní apá kejì, lèyí tí yíò mu ẹnu abẹ méjì tí ó mú yí kọjá ní ègbé arawon tí yíò sì so òun ti ń bá ń bẹ ní àrin wọn di gígé &quot;[[:en:Shearing_(physics)|shearing]]&quot; . A sábà máa ń lo Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé àwọn ǹkan bíi [[Paper|Ìwé]], páálí, fílíìlì irin &quot;[[:en:Metal_leaf|metal foil]]&quot; , [[aṣọ]] , [[:en:Rope|okùn]] àti wáyà &quot;[[:en:Wire|wire]]&quot; , bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé oríṣiríṣi Alùmọ́gàjí ló wà fún oríṣiríṣi iṣẹ́, tí ọwọ́ bí wọn ba ṣe ṣe wọ́n sì ni yóò tọ́ka irú Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó dára fún irú ìṣe tí a fẹ́ fi ṣe. 

Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo Alùmọ́gàjí ni wọ́n ń lọ ìlànà kan náà láti ṣiṣẹ́, Alùmọ́gàjí tó lágbára tí a ṣe fún gígé àwọn ohun èlò líle ni a sábà máa ń pè ní Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi (fún àpẹẹrẹ, Alùmọ́gàjí ọgbà &quot;[[:en:Pruning_shears|pruning shears]]&quot; àti Alùmọ́gàjí koríko &quot;[[:en:Grass_shears|grass shears]]&quot; ), àti àwọn mìíràn tí wọ́n tún tóbi jù, tí ó ní ọwọ́ méjì ni a ń pè ní ''&quot;trimmers&quot;''  (fún àpẹẹrẹ Alùmọ́gàjí ọgbà ). Yíyan Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó bá irú ìṣẹ́ tí a fẹ́ lò wọ́n fún ṣe kókó kí a mó baà bá òun èlò tàbí Alùmọ́gàjí wá gan jẹ́.  Fún bíi àpẹẹrẹ, Alùmọ́gàjí ìgé irun &quot;[[:en:Hair-cutting_shears|hair-cutting shears]]&quot; àti Alùmọ́gàjí ilé ìdáná &quot;[[:en:Kitchen_shears|kitchen shears]]&quot; òun ni wón jọ arawon nípa pé àwọn méjèèjì ní wón lè gé nkan, sugbon iyato arawọn ni pé, ẹnu Alùmọ́gàjí ti irun gígé òun ni ó wàpa fún gígé [[irun]] tó pọ̀, tí ó sì jẹ́ wipe lílo irú Alùmọ́gàjí míràn lè ṣe àkóbá fún irun. Ní apá kejì, Alùmọ́gàjí tí ilé ìdáná, ni a ṣe fún gígé àwọn ohun èlò [[oúnjẹ]] líle bíi ẹran, iṣan àti [[egungun]] . Alùmọ́gàjí iṣẹ́-abẹ &quot;[[:en:Surgical_scissors|Surgical scissors]]&quot; , tí a lò láti pín àwọn àsopọ̀ iṣan-ara àti láti gé, ṣe àtúnṣe àwọn ohun èlò ìtọ́jú ara nígbà iṣẹ́-abẹ, ní òpin sí oríṣiríṣi, tí onírúurú ẹ̀yà rẹ sì wà láti kojú onírúurú ìlànà ẹ̀yà, àti ipò ara &quot;[[:en:Anatomical|anatomical]]&quot;. 

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ní wón ní owó ìgbámú bíi òrùka láti jẹ́ kí ó rọrùn láti lò fún gígé ǹkan, àwọn kan tilẹ̀ ní Àkásí-irin &quot;[[:en:Spring_(device)|spring]] &quot;láàárín láti jẹ́ kí ó rọrùn láti lò wọn (ní pàápàá, fún àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ní owó gboro ). Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń ṣe ní ìgbàanì ni wọn má ń ní owó irin, àwọn tí òde òní ni wọn ṣe wọn ní ọ̀nà tó rọrùn&quot; [[:en:Ergonomically|ergonomically]]&quot; fún ọwọ́ láti mú  dání pẹ̀lú àwọn ike  thermoplastic àti rọ́bà&quot; [[:en:Rubber|rubber]]&quot; tí a fi bo àwọn ọwọ́ Alùmọ́gàjí, kí ó bá fi lè rọrùn fún ọwọ́ láti mú àti láti lò.

==Àwọn Ètò ọ̀rọ̀-ìmọ̀==

''Alùmọ́gàjí '' gẹgẹbi Ọ̀rọ̀-orúkọ  òun ni wón kà kún Ọ̀rọ̀-orúkọ onípúpọ̀ ([[:en:Plurale_tantum|plural noun]]) lèyí tí ó jẹ́ kí ó mon gbé Ọ̀rọ̀-ìṣe onípúpọ̀  (gẹ́gẹ́bi àpẹẹrẹ., ''àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wón '').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Merriam-Webster|scissors|access-date=2025-05-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́nà mìíràn, wọn a tún mọ̀ tọ́ka sí Alùmọ́gàjí gẹgẹbi Àpólà ọ̀rọ̀ ẹyòkan ''Alùmọ́gàjí eyòkan''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Collins Dictionary|pair of scissors|access-date=21 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀rọ̀ náà ''Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi'' òun ni wón má ń lọ láti ṣe àpèjúwe àwọn òun èlò mìíràn bí Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi tí wọ́n ń lọ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ alágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Merriam-Webster|shear|access-date=2025-05-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtàn==

[[File:汉代剪刀.jpg|thumb|Alùmọ́gàjí àkókò ìgbà [[:en:Han_dynasty|Han dynasty]] ]]
[[File:Shears MET 29I E08R4.jpg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀nyí ni Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi tí wọ́n ro wípe ní wón ń lò wọ́n ní nkan bí ọ̀rúndún kejì sẹ́yìn ní ìgbàanì tí ó sì wá láti ilé àgbègbè [[:en:Trabzon|Trabzon]], ní [[Roman Empire|Roman]] Turkey. Ọwọ́ iṣẹ́-ọnà ara rẹ̀ ní òun ṣe Ìtọ́kasí ìgbìyànjú láti ṣe Àdàkọ iṣẹ́-ọnà ilé Egypt ( [[:en:Art_of_ancient_Egypt|Egyptian art]]) Tí wón bá pa ẹnu rẹ dé, àwòrán ajá àti olóngbò tí ń bẹ ní ara rẹ yio dójú ko arawon. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/547870 |title=Shears: Roman Period |website=[[Metropolitan Museum]] |access-date=2018-07-18 |date=n.d. |archive-date=2018-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718234449/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/547870 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

===Ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ===

Ilé iṣẹ́ [[:en:Zhang_Xiaoquan|Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan Company]] ní Hangzhou, China, ni òun ti ń ṣe Alùmọ́gàjí láti ọdún 1663.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sudworth&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Sudworth|first1=John|title=The scissor-maker that has cut through Chinese history|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739|work=BBC News|date=2013-04-22|access-date=2018-07-21|archive-date=2018-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505022602/http://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí olówó méjì kòìtí di òpò yanturu ní orí igbá  títí di ọdún 1761, ní ìgbà tí [[Robert Hinchliffe]] tí ìlú  [[:en:Sheffield|Sheffield]] pèsè  Alùmọ́gàjí àkókò ìgbàlódé tí òde òní pẹ̀lú irin dídán ([[:en:Steel_casting|cast steel]]). Ìpèníjà àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ tí ó ní ni bí yio tí ro awon ìrìn ni odidi kí ó tó lu ihò sì láti gba owó èyàn. Igbésẹ̀ yí ni àgbára, Hinchliffe tẹ̀síwájú lórí mímú ọ̀tun dééba lójúnà áti lè mu ìdàgbàsóke deba ìpèsè won. Hinchliffe gbé ní Cheney Square (tí a mọ̀ sí [[:en:Sheffield_Town_Hall#Previous_buildings|Sheffield Town Hall]]),ní òde òní níbi tí ó ti gbé àpèlé sì ìta tí òun tọ́ka sí ara rẹ gẹ́gẹ́bí Olùpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó dára jùlọ. Ojá Alùmọ́gàjí rè yá gan ni ile London àti ní àwọn ilé ibòmíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/sheffieldineigh00leadgoog#page/n76/mode/2up/search/Hinchcliffe |title=[Reminiscences of] Sheffield in the Eighteenth Century |pages=69–70 |date=1901 |publisher=The Sheffield Independent Press Limited |place=Sheffield |first=Robert Eadon |last=Leader }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Àwọn agbègbè tí wọ́n ń tí ń ṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ìgbàlódé ===

==== Ní ilè China====

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ni Àgbáyé ni òun wáyé ní orílẹ̀ èdè China. Títí di nkan bí ọdún 2019, China ní akọsílẹ̀ gbígbé 64.3% Ẹ̀rọ Alùmọ́gàjí jáde fún títa ni Àgbáyé . Bí a bá dá akọsílẹ̀ èyí pò mó Kíkójà lọ sí òkè-òkun ọjà Chinese Taipei, Àkọsílẹ̀ òun ni yóò sún sí 68.3%.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/resources/about The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://oec.world/en/resources/about |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 11/29/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilé iṣẹ́ Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan, tí wón dákalè ní ọdún 1663, jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó ti pé jù nípa pípèsè èrò Alùmọ́gàjí ní àgbáyé. Wọ́n so ilé iṣẹ́ na di títí orile-ede ni Ọdún 1958, tí ó sì ń gbá ènìyàn ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ́gbẹ̀jọ (1500) sí isẹ́, pẹ̀lú ìpèsè àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí bíi míllíónù méje ni ìfojúbù. Àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wọn kò wọn púpò tí wọ́n ń tà eyòkan rè fún àwọn aláràtúntà ni ó kéré tán,US$4.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sudworth&quot;/&gt;

====Ní ilè Faransé ====

Ní ìparí àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá, ní ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì fún  &quot;Alùmọ́gàjí &quot; tó di lílò. Ó jeyo nínú èdè faransé ìgbàanì {{Lang|fro|cisoires}}, tí ó túmọ̀ sí Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi.&lt;ref&gt;(2014-11-03) [https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors &quot;History 101: Scissors&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors |date=2022-01-06 }}, Daily KOS. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn agbègbè tí wọ́n jẹ́ pàtàki nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní ilé faransé pò ni oríṣiríṣi bíi: Haute-Marne ní Nogent-en Bassigny, Châtellereault, Thiers àti Rouen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://sajou.fr/en/1149-reeditions-of-vintage-scissors &quot;Re-editions of Vintage Scissors&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://sajou.fr/en/1149-reeditions-of-vintage-scissors |date=2022-01-06 }}, Sajou Blog. Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlú yí, gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn agbègbè míràn tí àwọn na ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí, gbogbo wọn ni wọn bèrè pẹ̀lú ìpèsè idà, àdá, àti Ọ̀bẹ ẹnu-ìbọn, kí wọ́n ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí àti àwọn abe míràn ni ọwọ́ ìparí ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún àti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.champagne-ardenne-tourism.co.uk/what-do/visiting/sites-visit/nogent-1217037 Official Website for Tourism in Champagne-Ardenne] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192123/https://www.champagne-ardenne-tourism.co.uk/what-do/visiting/sites-visit/nogent-1217037 |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt;

Thiers, ní Ẹ̀ka-iṣẹ́ Puy-de-Dôme ti Auvergne, jẹ́ àgbègbè pàtàkì nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí àti àwọn ṣíbí ìjẹun. Ó jẹ́ ilé fún Musée de la Coutellerie, tí ó ṣe àfihàn ìtàn egbẹ̀rin ọdún tí wọ́n ń tín ṣe abẹ ni ilu náà. &lt;ref&gt;Alastair (2020-01-12) [https://mechtraveller.com/2020/01/thiers-cutlery-capital-of-france/ &quot;Thiers: Cutlery Capital of France&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://mechtraveller.com/2020/01/thiers-cutlery-capital-of-france/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Mechtravller.  Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt; àti {{ill|Coutellia|fr|Coutellia}}, tí ó jẹ́ Ìpàtẹ Ọjà Òwò tí òun ṣe àfihàn ararè Gégébí ìpàdé àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ abẹ àgbáyé ti tóbi jùlọ.

====Ní Germany====

Ni ìfojúdá, Germany ni òun pèsè 7% nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí fún títa ni ọjà àgbáyé ni Ọdún 2019.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192116/https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt; tí wọ́n ń tún dàpè ni ìlú abẹ, &quot;The City of Blades&quot;, [[:en:Solingen|Solingen]], ni apá àríwá Rhine-Westphalia, jẹ́ àárín gbùngbùn fún ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní ìgbàanì. Ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, wọn fi ojú dáa wipe ni Ọókẹ́rẹ́-jù,àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ Alùmọ́gàjí bí ọ́ọ̀dúnrún ni wọ́n wà ní Solingen.&lt;ref&gt;Zautor, Capital (2019-04-13) [https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc &quot;How the Knife Makers from Solingen Survived&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193622/https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 1995, ìlú Solingen ṣe Òfin Ìjọba Ìbílẹ̀ ti o jẹ ìtèsíwájú òfin tí ọdún 1930 ti o ṣe ní àlàyé pé lílọ àmì ijànní òntè tí ó ṣe àfihàn wípé ni Solingen ni wọn ti pèsè nkan òun ni yio je fún àwọn ǹkan ọjà tí wọ́n bá pèsè ni agbègbè àtijó tíi Solingen. Ní ọdún 2019, òfin yí de ókẹ́rẹ́ ju, àwọn àádọ́jọ ilé iṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ń pèsè abẹ oríṣiríṣi àti Alùmọ́gàjí.&lt;ref&gt;Zautor, Capital (2019-04-13) [https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc &quot;How the Knife Makers from Solingen Survived&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193622/https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Friedrich Herder, tí wón dákalè ní Solingen ni Ọdún 1727, òun ló jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó pé jùlọ tí wọ́n ti ṣèdá rẹ̀ tí òun sì tún ṣiṣẹ́ ni Germany.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.herder-solingen.de/ Friedrich Herder: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192119/https://www.herder-solingen.de/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní Italy====

[[File:Detatchable kitchen.jpg|thumb|right| Alùmọ́gàjí àtijó fún ilé ìdáná Ẹ̀yà tí ilé Ítálì, tí wọ́n má ńlò fun gígé àwọn ǹkan oúnjẹ. Àwọn apá rẹ̀ ní o ṣé yọ ní ekeka lójúnà áti ṣe àmójútó rẹ̀.]]

Premana, ní agbègbè Lecco, óun ni ó ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rẹ ninu ìṣẹ́ àgbède irin àti ṣíṣe ọ̀bẹ ni àwọn nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. No ọdún 1900, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí mewa ni ó wà nínú ilé iṣẹ́ wọn, ó di ọgún ní ọdún 1952 tí ó sì di méjídínláàdọ́ta ní ọdún 1960.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.comune.premana.lc.it/c097069/zf/index.php/servizi-aggiuntivi/index/index/idtesto/20132 Municipality of Premana: Economy.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035356/https://www.comune.premana.lc.it/c097069/zf/index.php/servizi-aggiuntivi/index/index/idtesto/20132 |date=2022-01-07 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni òní, Ile ise alájọni Consorzio Premax, se Àkójọ àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bí ọgọ́ta tí wọ́n ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní abélé fún ọjà àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.eccolecco.it/en/towns-lombardy/premana/ Ecco Lecco Tourist Guide to Lecco Province: Premana.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035418/https://www.eccolecco.it/en/towns-lombardy/premana/ |date=2022-01-07 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2019, Italy pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí pẹ̀lú áfojúdá 3.5% fún títà ni ọjà Àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192116/https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ò kan nínú ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí Premanese tí wọ́n dákalè ni ọdun 1869 sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni Sanelli Ambrogio.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sanelliambrogio.it/en/azienda.aspx Ambrogio Sanelli: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510192653/https://www.sanelliambrogio.it/en/azienda.aspx |date=2021-05-10 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní Japan====

Ṣíṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ni Japan òun ni ó jeyo láti ara ìdàgbàsókè níbi iṣẹ́e Alágbẹ̀dẹ idà ṣíṣe ni àwọn nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá.&lt;ref&gt;Sibert, Jake (2018-09-19) [https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai &quot;See Why This Pair of Scissors Costs $35,000 USD&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192117/https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai |date=2022-01-06 }}, HypeBeast Great Big Story. Retrieved 12-04-21.&lt;/ref&gt; Seki, ní agbègbè Gifu, óun ni ó gbajúmọ̀ fún jíjẹ agbègbè tí wọ́n ń tí ń ṣe idà ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àkókò ọdún 1200s. Lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n fi òfin de àwọn ará ìlù láti mọ gbé idà rìn ká mọ̀, àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ ìlú na yí isé padà sí pípèsè àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí àti ọ̀bẹ.&lt;ref&gt;[https://visitseki.jp/ Visit Seki Official Guide, Gifu Prefecture.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://visitseki.jp/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt; oríṣiríṣi ni àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ilé Japan, àmọ́ Alùmọ́gàjí fún iṣẹ́ ìránso ni ọmọ ilẹ̀ America kan, Matthew Perry láti ọrílé-èdè United States ní ọdún 1854.&lt;ref&gt;Kitajima Y., Kito K., Migaki M., Matsumuro K., Murata Y., Hamada H. (2015) [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21073-5_13 Process Analysis of Manufacturing of Sewing Scissors by All Forging Process and Understanding of Its Sharpness. In: Duffy V. (eds) Digital Human Modeling. Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics and Risk Management: Human Modeling.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409220441/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-21073-5_13 |date=2022-04-09 }} DHM 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 9184. Springer, Cham.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilé iṣẹ́ Sasuke tí ó wà ní ìlú ńlá Sakai tí ó wà ní apá Gúúsù ìlú Osaka òun ni Yasuhiro Hirakawa ṣe alamojuto re gẹ́gẹ́bi Alágbẹ̀dẹ Alùmọ́gàjí ìran kaàrún. Ilé iṣẹ́ na ni ó ti bèrè ìṣe láti 1867.&lt;ref&gt;Ken (2019-12-27), [https://matcha-jp.com/en/8529 &quot;Sasuke: Witness the Art of Japanese Blacksmithing in Osaka&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192122/https://matcha-jp.com/en/8529 |date=2022-01-06 }}, Matcha Japan. Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt; Yasuhiro Hirakawa ni ó jẹ́ Alágbẹ̀dẹ àlùmógàjí ìgbẹ̀yìn tí ó mò nípa ọ́nà tí wọ́n ń gbá ṣe àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ìgbàanì tí wọ́n ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípé ni àwọn abẹ wọn má ń fẹ́lẹ́, tí wọ́n ń sì tún má ń fúyé pẹ̀lú mímú tí ó ju ti ilẹ̀ àwọn Europe lọ.&lt;ref&gt;Kazue (2021-04-19) [https://japanonlinetour.com/blog/discovering-japanese-quality-scissors-and-knives-tour/ &quot;Discovering Quality Japanese Scissors and Knives&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193628/https://japanonlinetour.com/blog/discovering-japanese-quality-scissors-and-knives-tour/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2018, wọ́n ṣe àfihàn rẹ nínú eré àkásílẹ̀ ìtàn tí ó tún ṣe àfihàn Igi àmúkúrú fún ẹwà rẹ (bonsai snips) tí wón tà ní ìtà àrátúntà ní US$35,000.&lt;ref&gt;Sibert, Jake (2018-09-19) [https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai &quot;See Why This Pair of Scissors Costs $35,000 USD&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192117/https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai |date=2022-01-06 }}, HypeBeast Great Big Story. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní ilè Spain====

Ní Solsona, ọrílé-èdè Spain, ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí bèrè ni nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. Ní àkókò ìdàgbàsókè oko-òwò ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí, ní àwọn ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bí érìnlélógún ni wọn ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí lábé Ìṣàkóso Olùdáàbòbò mímó ọ̀bẹ, Saint Eligius.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.pallaressolsona.com/en/about-us/ Pallarès Solsona: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192129/http://www.pallaressolsona.com/en/about-us/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọwọ́ ààrin ọdún 1980s, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ méjì Ni ó kù, ní ìgbà tí yí ọ sí fi di ọdún 2021, ilé iṣẹ́e Pallarès Solsona, tí ẹbí Lluìs àti Carles Pallarès Canal, dákalè ní ọdún 1917 nìkan ni ó jẹ́ ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó sékù ni ìlú náà.&lt;ref&gt;[https://reste.co.uk/blogs/journal-1/carving-a-place-in-history &quot;The Makers: Carving a Place in History&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192119/https://reste.co.uk/blogs/journal-1/carving-a-place-in-history |date=2022-01-06 }}, Reste Journal. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;


====Ní ilè United Kingdom====

Sheffield je ilé fún àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí àkókó tí wọ́n ṣe fún títà òpò yanturu ní ọdún 1761. Ní ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún, ìfojúdá bí ọgọ́ta ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí ní o ti wà ní Sheffield. Ṣùgbọ́n, láti àwọn ọdún 1980s, tí ìfẹ́ àwọn olùrà tí sí sí àwọn ǹkan ti kò wọ́n púpò, tí Ìgbòòrò sì tún tí dé bá oko-òwò  kárí-ayé, tí àwọn Olùpèsè èrò Alùmọ́gàjí ní abélé tí bèrè sí kó igbá ọjà wọlé. Ní ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 2021, ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí méjì ni ó sékù ní Sheffield.&lt;ref&gt;[https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ Scissor-Making: Red List of Endangered Crafts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ |date=2022-01-06 }}, British Heritage Crafts Association. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí òún ni William Whiteley, tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1760,&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.whiteley.co.uk/heritage/ William Whiteley: Heritage.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://www.whiteley.co.uk/heritage/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt; àti [[:en:Ernest_Wright_(scissors_maker)|Ernest Wright]], tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1902. Àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ méjèèjì òun ni wón ti yí òun ti wọn pèsè padà sí àwọn ǹkan ìwúlò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;Floyd, Charlie (2021-04-04) [https://www.businessinsider.com/why-traditional-sheffield-scissors-scissors-are-so-expensive-2020-4 &quot;Why Ernest Wright Scissors are so expensive&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035320/https://www.businessinsider.com/why-traditional-sheffield-scissors-scissors-are-so-expensive-2020-4 |date=2022-01-07 }}. Business Insider. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ni àárín àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ méjèèjì yí, ìwòye ni pé ó kéré jù, àwọn oníṣẹ́ mẹ́wàá tí wọ́n kó nípa títò papò àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí Sheffield òun ni wón gbà si ìṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;[https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ Scissor-Making: Red List of Endangered Crafts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ |date=2022-01-06 }}, British Heritage Crafts Association. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2020, Ernest Wright ni wọn fi àmì ẹ̀yẹ alákòólé Endangered Crafts dá ní ọlá láti ọwọ́o àjọ British Heritage Crafts Association.&lt;ref&gt;Carpenter, Daniel (2020-10-08), [https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/winners-of-the-2020-heritage-crafts-awards/ &quot;Winners of the 2020 Heritage Crafts Awards&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192121/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/winners-of-the-2020-heritage-crafts-awards/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

==Alùmọ́gàjí olọ́wọ́-ọ̀tún àti olọ́wọ́-òsì==

[[File:RH-LH sidebents.jpg|thumb|Left-handed (left) and right-handed (right) sidebent scissors]]

Irúfẹ́ Ẹ̀yà méjì Alùmọ́gàjí tí olówó òsì ni ó wà. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí olówó òsì ni wọn ń sábà máa ń pè ní Alùmọ́gàjí alábọ̀-ọwọ́-òsì (&quot;semi&quot;-left-handed scissors) látàrí bí èyàn ṣe le fi èyìn òdì ọwọ́ mú wọn. Bí ẹnu Alùmọ́gàjí olówó ọ̀tún ṣe ń sí, be nani tí olówó òsì ṣe ń sí. Ìyàtò kékeré àárín wọn ní o níse pẹ̀lú bi ẹnu abẹ gígé nkan wọn ṣe wà ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ẹnu ihò ọwọ́ tí wọ́n ń fi dì wọ́n mú. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;What's the Difference Between Right- and Left-Handed Scissors?&quot; Kim Griffin, Griffin Occupational Therapy Blog. https://www.griffinot.com/difference-left-handed-scissors/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127161351/https://www.griffinot.com/difference-left-handed-scissors/ |date=2021-11-27 }}, retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ènìyàn tí ó jẹ́ olówó òsì tí ó ti ń lọ Alùmọ́gàjí alábọ̀-ọwọ́-òsì le ni ìṣòro tí ó bá fẹ́ lọ Alùmọ́gàjí tí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Do You Know – Left-Handed Scissors&quot; Olive Branch Educators, https://www.obeducators.com/reflections/do-you-know-left-handed-scissors {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127161352/https://www.obeducators.com/reflections/do-you-know-left-handed-scissors |date=2021-11-27 }}, retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Irúfẹ́ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí kan ní wón ń rà lábé orúkọ Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ([[:en:Ambidextrous|ambidextrous]]). Àwọn eléyi ni ọwọ́ gboro lèyí tí kò jẹ ki ìyàtò wá ní àárín àtànpàkò ọwọ́ àti àwọn ìka ìyókù, pẹ̀lú àfikún irinṣẹ́ ìyípọ̀ ààrin tí ó ní agbára. Àmọ́, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì &quot;ambidextrous&quot; òun na si tún ní wón jẹ́ ti olówó-ọ̀tún látàrí abẹ ọwọ́ òkè ni yio wà ní owó ọ̀tún bí ènìyàn bá fi ọwọ́ ọ̀tún dìímú. Bótilèjépé Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ní wón pèé, bí ẹni tí ń bá lọ ọwọ́ òsì bá lòó, ọwọ́ abẹ yí ọ di lójú láti rínà rí òun ti oun gé dáadáa. Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì òun ni yio sé ṣe bí wọ́n bá le ṣe ẹnu abẹ ni olójú méjì tí ọwọ́ kan sì ṣe yípo ní olóbìrí (360 [[:en:Degree_(angle)|degrees]]) lèyí tí yíò je ki ọwọ́ tí wọ́n yí seyin di ojú ìgé nkan tuntun. Eléyi ni Ìwé-èdídí ọjà fún Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì: {{US patent|3978584}}.

==Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí kékeré àti títóbi ==
Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ní àwọn wọ̀nyí:

=== Fún iṣẹ́ ọkọ, ọ̀gbìn àti ìtọ́jú ẹran ọ̀sìn ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Hedge trimmer]]s
| [[File:Taille haie.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé ọgbà koríko [[hedge (barrier)|hedges]]
|-
| [[Grass shears]]
| [[File:Gardena-Grasschere klassisch.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé koríko
|-
| [[Averruncator]]s
| [[File:Averruncator.png|150x150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi gíga 
|-
| [[Pruning shears]] or secateurs
| [[File:Secateur ouvert.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi kékeré 
|-
| [[Loppers]] 
| [[File:Astschere.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi títóbi 
|-
| [[Sheep shearing#Blade shears|Blade shears]]
| [[File:BladeShears.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé irun ara ẹranko bí àgùntàn 
|}

===Fún oúnjẹ àti ìpèsè ògùn===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Kitchen scissors or kitchen shears 
| [[File:Kitchen scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún ìṣètò oúnjẹ àti àwọn ìwúlò míràn nínú ilé ìdáná
|-e

| Poultry shears 
| [[File:Gefligelschéier.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé irun àti ara àwọn adìẹ [[poultry]]
|-
| [[Cigar cutter]]
| [[File:Cigar cutter.JPG|150px]]
| Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé cigar
|}

===Fún ìtọ́jú ara ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Hair-cutting shears]]
| [[File:Hair Cutting Scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àti àtúnṣe irun 
|-
| Thinning shears
| [[File:Modellierschere.jpg|150px]]
| fún ṣíṣe ìtọ́jú, àtúnṣe àti mímú àdínkù bá irun
|-
| [[Hair clipper]]s
| [[File:Manual hair clippers.JPG|150px]]
| tí àwọn onígbàjámò [[barber]]s,onídìrí [[hairdresser]]s, àti àwọn tí wọ́n ń ṣe ìtọ́jú ajá [[Dog grooming|pet groomers]] ńlò fun fún irun gígé 
|-
| Nail scissors
| [[File:Nagelschere.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé èèkáná [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]]
|-
| Nose scissors
| [[File:Nose scissors.jpg|150px]]
| Alùmọ́gàjí kékeré fún gígé irun imú [[nostril]] àti irun etí
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ irin ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Snips#Tinner snips|Tinner snips]]
| [[File:Tin snips.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé agolo [[tin]]
|-
| [[Snips#Compound-action snips|Compound-action snips]]
| [[File:Cortachapa.png|150px]]
| fún gígé Alumíníọ̀mù [[aluminium]] àti irin [[stainless steel]]
|-
| Pipe and duct snips
|
|fún gígé [[Exhaust system|stove pipe]] àti Ike ducting
|-
| [[Hydraulic rescue tools|Hydraulic cutters]]
| [[File:Extrication cutter 1.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ìrìn wúwo, tí wọ́n ń lọ níbi ìṣe ojú òpópónà [[traffic collisions]]. Wọ́n tun má ń pè wọ́n ní orúkọ ìtajà [[genericized trademark]] &quot;Jaws of Life&quot;.
|-
| [[Shear (sheet metal)#Throatless shear|Throatless shear]]
| [[File:ThroatlessShear.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé irin ní àwọn oríṣiríṣi ọ̀nà àrà
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ Ètò ìlera ara ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Trauma shears]], or &quot;tuff cuts&quot;
| [[File:Aa_trauma_shears.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé Aṣọ ni akoko ìpènijà eto ìlera|-
| Dissection scissors
| 
| fún gígé ẹran ara ni àkókò iṣẹ́ abe [[dissection]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Surgical scissors]]
| [[File:Mayo scissors 02.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé awo ara ní àkókò iṣẹ́ abe [[surgery]]&lt;ref name=&quot;FullerFuller2012&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Fuller |first=Joanna Kotcher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DBU662BLit0C&amp;pg=PA234 |title=Surgical Technology: Principles and Practice |last2=Fuller |first2=Joanna Ruth |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-4557-2506-9 |page=234}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Suture scissors]]
| [[File:Suture scissors on gray.png|150px]]
| fún gígé Okùn iṣẹ́-abẹ [[Surgical suture|sutures]]. 
|-
| [[Iris scissors]]
|
| fún iṣẹ́ abe [[ophthalmic surgery]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Metzenbaum scissors]]
| [[File:Metzenbaum scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún àwọn iṣẹ́ abe tí ó gba pẹ̀lẹ́ pẹ̀lẹ́ {{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Tenotomy scissors]]
| [[File:Tenotomy scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún àwọn iṣẹ́ abe tí ó gba pẹ̀lẹ́ pẹ̀lẹ́ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bilsky |first1=Mark H. |last2=Vitaz |first2= Todd W.|year=2002|title=Surgical treatment of superior sulcus tumors with spinal and brachial plexus involvement|journal=[[Journal of Neurosurgery]]|volume=97|issue=3|pages=301–309|doi=10.3171/spi.2002.97.3.0301|pmid=12408383 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Mayo scissors]]
| [[File:Mayo surgical scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn Ìsopọ̀ ẹran-ara [[fascia]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Bandage scissors]]
| [[File:Bandage Scissors.JPG|150px]]
| for cutting bandages&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Burnham|first=Preston J.|date=1958-10-11|title=New bandage scissors|journal=[[Journal of the American Medical Association]]|volume=168|issue=6|pages=760|doi=10.1001/jama.1958.63000060001011|pmid=13575196}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===Fún ayẹyẹ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Ceremonial scissors
| [[File:Joshua Kent, with the help of Col. Jay Silveria cut the ribbon and Carlos Mencia Kid Rock and Jessie James cut the ribbon to open new fitness stations at RAF Lakenheath.jpg|150px]]
| giant scissors used for ceremonial [[Ribbon-cutting ceremony|ribbon-cutting events]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ aṣọ gígé ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Crafting scissors
| [[File:Paper trimmers.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting materials for [[Craft|crafts]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Buttonhole]] scissors
| [[File:Forbici da occhielli.jpg|80px]]
| for opening buttonholes{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Dressmaker's shears]]
| [[File:Tailors shears LH.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting fabric for [[Dressmaker|dressmaking]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Embroidery scissors]]
| [[File:Embroidery scissors2022.jpg|100px]]
| for cutting fabric for [[embroidery]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Pinking shears]]
| [[File:Zackenschere.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting cloth leaving a sawtooth edge{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Tailor]]'s scissors
| [[File:Schere 18-19 Jh.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting through heavy-duty materials such as leather or multiple layers of fabric{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|}

=== Fún ẹ̀kọ́ àwọn ọmọ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ ===
{{anchor|Safety scissors}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Safety scissors
| [[File:Safety scissors blue.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún àwọn ọmọ kékeré láti mó nípa bí wọn ń ṣe n lọ Alùmọ́gàjí; irúfé àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí fún ẹ̀kọ́ bayi ni ẹnu wọn ń má kú lójúnà áti dínwó ìjàmbá kù fún ọwọ́ àwọn ọmọ ọwọ́
|}

== Ìfihàn àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ayé àtijó ==

&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Scissors (Jian) with Clouds and Floral Scrolls LACMA M.2003.14.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí àwọn Chinese, tí wọ́n ń lọ ní owó ààrin ìgbà-[[Tang dynasty]]
File:Iron scissors, E Han.JPG|Alùmọ́gàjí láti ìgbà [[Han dynasty]]
File:Skalm 2.JPG|Àlùmógàjí [[Fiskars]] láti ọdún 1967
File:Borduurschaartje.jpg|Àlùmógàjí fún òsó aṣọ ([[Embroidery]]) Pẹ̀lú ìrísí Àkọ̀ ([[crane (bird)|crane]]) 
File:Schere Gr 99.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí ńlá 
File:Teppichschere.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé Aṣọ ìpè (Kápẹ́ẹ̀tì) 
File:Small Scissors.jpg|Irúfé Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wọn ń fín gé okùn òwú ni ilẹ̀ Japan 
File:Scissors Pre 1850.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń fi ń gé aṣọ láti Norway láti àwọn ọdún 1850s sẹ́yìn
File:手工锻打螯剪.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí pẹ̀lú ìrísí ilẹ̀ China ni Ilé ìfihàn àwọn Ìṣembáyé Hangzhou. 
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Tún yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò ==

*[[Hemostat]] jẹ́ irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí tí kìí gé ǹkan ṣùgbọ́n tí wọ́n ń lò níbi isé abẹ [[surgery]] láti fi di nǹkan mú pinpin.
*[[Nipper (tool)|Nippers]] jẹ́ irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí míràn tí wọ́n ń fi ń fó (break) Ìrépé ara Òkúta ilẹ̀ [[tile]].
*[[Pliers]] èyí je Irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń fi ń di wáyà tàbí so ìrìn papò. 
*[[Tijeras Canyon]] Ibi Àbùdá Ilẹ̀ kan ni New Mexico, US àti [[Tijeras, New Mexico|Tijeras]] Ó jẹ́ abúlé kan tí ó ní Ihò Àpáta Nlá tí wọ́n so ní orúkọ Alùmọ́gàjí &quot;scissors&quot; látàrí ìrísí rẹ ni èdè Spanish.</text>
      <sha1>ekk5uxq6hfu6p6m4kvgy579k0rk2tep</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637693</id>
      <parentid>637692</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-22T12:15:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Olaoye Sheu Ibrahim</username>
        <id>31612</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Fún ayẹyẹ */</comment>
      <origin>637693</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36034" sha1="9zpo74iloquk9fjuxorefrsudx8r5as" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Hand-operated cutting tool}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Pp-vandalism|small=yes}}

[[File:Standard household scissors.jpg|thumb|Alùmọ́gàjí eyòkan ]]
[[File:Aerra's Films of the Ordinary IV -- Scissors Cutting Card Stock.webm|thumb|Fọ́nrán kan tí òun ṣe àfihàn bí wọn ń ṣe n lo Alùmọ́gàjí láti gé [[:en:Card_stock|Pálí ìwé]]]]

'''Alùmọ́gàjí'''  tàbí '''Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi''' jẹ́ irinṣẹ́ ọwọ́ &quot;[[:en:Hand_tool|hand-operated]]&quot; fun gígé nkan [[:en:Cutting|cutting]] [[:en:Tool|tool]]  tí ó ní àwọn ọwọ́ abẹ méjì [[:en:Handle|handles]] tàbí ([[:en:Tang_(blade)|shank]]) tí ó mú, tí ẹnu abẹ wọn ń gba ègbẹ́ arawon kọjá ní ìgbà tí bá pa ẹnu ọwọ́   ( shank ) wọn papò ní apá kejì, lèyí tí yíò mu ẹnu abẹ méjì tí ó mú yí kọjá ní ègbé arawon tí yíò sì so òun ti ń bá ń bẹ ní àrin wọn di gígé &quot;[[:en:Shearing_(physics)|shearing]]&quot; . A sábà máa ń lo Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé àwọn ǹkan bíi [[Paper|Ìwé]], páálí, fílíìlì irin &quot;[[:en:Metal_leaf|metal foil]]&quot; , [[aṣọ]] , [[:en:Rope|okùn]] àti wáyà &quot;[[:en:Wire|wire]]&quot; , bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé oríṣiríṣi Alùmọ́gàjí ló wà fún oríṣiríṣi iṣẹ́, tí ọwọ́ bí wọn ba ṣe ṣe wọ́n sì ni yóò tọ́ka irú Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó dára fún irú ìṣe tí a fẹ́ fi ṣe. 

Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé gbogbo Alùmọ́gàjí ni wọ́n ń lọ ìlànà kan náà láti ṣiṣẹ́, Alùmọ́gàjí tó lágbára tí a ṣe fún gígé àwọn ohun èlò líle ni a sábà máa ń pè ní Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi (fún àpẹẹrẹ, Alùmọ́gàjí ọgbà &quot;[[:en:Pruning_shears|pruning shears]]&quot; àti Alùmọ́gàjí koríko &quot;[[:en:Grass_shears|grass shears]]&quot; ), àti àwọn mìíràn tí wọ́n tún tóbi jù, tí ó ní ọwọ́ méjì ni a ń pè ní ''&quot;trimmers&quot;''  (fún àpẹẹrẹ Alùmọ́gàjí ọgbà ). Yíyan Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó bá irú ìṣẹ́ tí a fẹ́ lò wọ́n fún ṣe kókó kí a mó baà bá òun èlò tàbí Alùmọ́gàjí wá gan jẹ́.  Fún bíi àpẹẹrẹ, Alùmọ́gàjí ìgé irun &quot;[[:en:Hair-cutting_shears|hair-cutting shears]]&quot; àti Alùmọ́gàjí ilé ìdáná &quot;[[:en:Kitchen_shears|kitchen shears]]&quot; òun ni wón jọ arawon nípa pé àwọn méjèèjì ní wón lè gé nkan, sugbon iyato arawọn ni pé, ẹnu Alùmọ́gàjí ti irun gígé òun ni ó wàpa fún gígé [[irun]] tó pọ̀, tí ó sì jẹ́ wipe lílo irú Alùmọ́gàjí míràn lè ṣe àkóbá fún irun. Ní apá kejì, Alùmọ́gàjí tí ilé ìdáná, ni a ṣe fún gígé àwọn ohun èlò [[oúnjẹ]] líle bíi ẹran, iṣan àti [[egungun]] . Alùmọ́gàjí iṣẹ́-abẹ &quot;[[:en:Surgical_scissors|Surgical scissors]]&quot; , tí a lò láti pín àwọn àsopọ̀ iṣan-ara àti láti gé, ṣe àtúnṣe àwọn ohun èlò ìtọ́jú ara nígbà iṣẹ́-abẹ, ní òpin sí oríṣiríṣi, tí onírúurú ẹ̀yà rẹ sì wà láti kojú onírúurú ìlànà ẹ̀yà, àti ipò ara &quot;[[:en:Anatomical|anatomical]]&quot;. 

Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ní wón ní owó ìgbámú bíi òrùka láti jẹ́ kí ó rọrùn láti lò fún gígé ǹkan, àwọn kan tilẹ̀ ní Àkásí-irin &quot;[[:en:Spring_(device)|spring]] &quot;láàárín láti jẹ́ kí ó rọrùn láti lò wọn (ní pàápàá, fún àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ní owó gboro ). Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń ṣe ní ìgbàanì ni wọn má ń ní owó irin, àwọn tí òde òní ni wọn ṣe wọn ní ọ̀nà tó rọrùn&quot; [[:en:Ergonomically|ergonomically]]&quot; fún ọwọ́ láti mú  dání pẹ̀lú àwọn ike  thermoplastic àti rọ́bà&quot; [[:en:Rubber|rubber]]&quot; tí a fi bo àwọn ọwọ́ Alùmọ́gàjí, kí ó bá fi lè rọrùn fún ọwọ́ láti mú àti láti lò.

==Àwọn Ètò ọ̀rọ̀-ìmọ̀==

''Alùmọ́gàjí '' gẹgẹbi Ọ̀rọ̀-orúkọ  òun ni wón kà kún Ọ̀rọ̀-orúkọ onípúpọ̀ ([[:en:Plurale_tantum|plural noun]]) lèyí tí ó jẹ́ kí ó mon gbé Ọ̀rọ̀-ìṣe onípúpọ̀  (gẹ́gẹ́bi àpẹẹrẹ., ''àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wón '').&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Merriam-Webster|scissors|access-date=2025-05-21}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́nà mìíràn, wọn a tún mọ̀ tọ́ka sí Alùmọ́gàjí gẹgẹbi Àpólà ọ̀rọ̀ ẹyòkan ''Alùmọ́gàjí eyòkan''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Collins Dictionary|pair of scissors|access-date=21 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; ọ̀rọ̀ náà ''Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi'' òun ni wón má ń lọ láti ṣe àpèjúwe àwọn òun èlò mìíràn bí Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi tí wọ́n ń lọ fún àwọn iṣẹ́ alágbára.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite Merriam-Webster|shear|access-date=2025-05-21}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Ìtàn==

[[File:汉代剪刀.jpg|thumb|Alùmọ́gàjí àkókò ìgbà [[:en:Han_dynasty|Han dynasty]] ]]
[[File:Shears MET 29I E08R4.jpg|thumb|Àwọn ìwọ̀nyí ni Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi tí wọ́n ro wípe ní wón ń lò wọ́n ní nkan bí ọ̀rúndún kejì sẹ́yìn ní ìgbàanì tí ó sì wá láti ilé àgbègbè [[:en:Trabzon|Trabzon]], ní [[Roman Empire|Roman]] Turkey. Ọwọ́ iṣẹ́-ọnà ara rẹ̀ ní òun ṣe Ìtọ́kasí ìgbìyànjú láti ṣe Àdàkọ iṣẹ́-ọnà ilé Egypt ( [[:en:Art_of_ancient_Egypt|Egyptian art]]) Tí wón bá pa ẹnu rẹ dé, àwòrán ajá àti olóngbò tí ń bẹ ní ara rẹ yio dójú ko arawon. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/547870 |title=Shears: Roman Period |website=[[Metropolitan Museum]] |access-date=2018-07-18 |date=n.d. |archive-date=2018-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718234449/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/547870 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

===Ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ===

Ilé iṣẹ́ [[:en:Zhang_Xiaoquan|Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan Company]] ní Hangzhou, China, ni òun ti ń ṣe Alùmọ́gàjí láti ọdún 1663.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sudworth&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Sudworth|first1=John|title=The scissor-maker that has cut through Chinese history|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739|work=BBC News|date=2013-04-22|access-date=2018-07-21|archive-date=2018-05-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180505022602/http://www.bbc.com/news/business-22160739|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí olówó méjì kòìtí di òpò yanturu ní orí igbá  títí di ọdún 1761, ní ìgbà tí [[Robert Hinchliffe]] tí ìlú  [[:en:Sheffield|Sheffield]] pèsè  Alùmọ́gàjí àkókò ìgbàlódé tí òde òní pẹ̀lú irin dídán ([[:en:Steel_casting|cast steel]]). Ìpèníjà àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ tí ó ní ni bí yio tí ro awon ìrìn ni odidi kí ó tó lu ihò sì láti gba owó èyàn. Igbésẹ̀ yí ni àgbára, Hinchliffe tẹ̀síwájú lórí mímú ọ̀tun dééba lójúnà áti lè mu ìdàgbàsóke deba ìpèsè won. Hinchliffe gbé ní Cheney Square (tí a mọ̀ sí [[:en:Sheffield_Town_Hall#Previous_buildings|Sheffield Town Hall]]),ní òde òní níbi tí ó ti gbé àpèlé sì ìta tí òun tọ́ka sí ara rẹ gẹ́gẹ́bí Olùpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó dára jùlọ. Ojá Alùmọ́gàjí rè yá gan ni ile London àti ní àwọn ilé ibòmíràn.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/sheffieldineigh00leadgoog#page/n76/mode/2up/search/Hinchcliffe |title=[Reminiscences of] Sheffield in the Eighteenth Century |pages=69–70 |date=1901 |publisher=The Sheffield Independent Press Limited |place=Sheffield |first=Robert Eadon |last=Leader }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===Àwọn agbègbè tí wọ́n ń tí ń ṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ìgbàlódé ===

==== Ní ilè China====

Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ni Àgbáyé ni òun wáyé ní orílẹ̀ èdè China. Títí di nkan bí ọdún 2019, China ní akọsílẹ̀ gbígbé 64.3% Ẹ̀rọ Alùmọ́gàjí jáde fún títa ni Àgbáyé . Bí a bá dá akọsílẹ̀ èyí pò mó Kíkójà lọ sí òkè-òkun ọjà Chinese Taipei, Àkọsílẹ̀ òun ni yóò sún sí 68.3%.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/resources/about The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://oec.world/en/resources/about |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 11/29/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilé iṣẹ́ Hangzhou Zhang Xiaoquan, tí wón dákalè ní ọdún 1663, jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó ti pé jù nípa pípèsè èrò Alùmọ́gàjí ní àgbáyé. Wọ́n so ilé iṣẹ́ na di títí orile-ede ni Ọdún 1958, tí ó sì ń gbá ènìyàn ẹ̀ẹ́dẹ́gbẹ̀jọ (1500) sí isẹ́, pẹ̀lú ìpèsè àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí bíi míllíónù méje ni ìfojúbù. Àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wọn kò wọn púpò tí wọ́n ń tà eyòkan rè fún àwọn aláràtúntà ni ó kéré tán,US$4.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sudworth&quot;/&gt;

====Ní ilè Faransé ====

Ní ìparí àwọn ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá, ní ọ̀rọ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì fún  &quot;Alùmọ́gàjí &quot; tó di lílò. Ó jeyo nínú èdè faransé ìgbàanì {{Lang|fro|cisoires}}, tí ó túmọ̀ sí Alùmọ́gàjí títòbi.&lt;ref&gt;(2014-11-03) [https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors &quot;History 101: Scissors&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2014/11/3/1341085/-History-101-Scissors |date=2022-01-06 }}, Daily KOS. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn agbègbè tí wọ́n jẹ́ pàtàki nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní ilé faransé pò ni oríṣiríṣi bíi: Haute-Marne ní Nogent-en Bassigny, Châtellereault, Thiers àti Rouen.&lt;ref&gt;[https://sajou.fr/en/1149-reeditions-of-vintage-scissors &quot;Re-editions of Vintage Scissors&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://sajou.fr/en/1149-reeditions-of-vintage-scissors |date=2022-01-06 }}, Sajou Blog. Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn ìlú yí, gẹ́gẹ́bi àwọn agbègbè míràn tí àwọn na ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí, gbogbo wọn ni wọn bèrè pẹ̀lú ìpèsè idà, àdá, àti Ọ̀bẹ ẹnu-ìbọn, kí wọ́n ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí àti àwọn abe míràn ni ọwọ́ ìparí ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún àti ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.champagne-ardenne-tourism.co.uk/what-do/visiting/sites-visit/nogent-1217037 Official Website for Tourism in Champagne-Ardenne] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192123/https://www.champagne-ardenne-tourism.co.uk/what-do/visiting/sites-visit/nogent-1217037 |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt;

Thiers, ní Ẹ̀ka-iṣẹ́ Puy-de-Dôme ti Auvergne, jẹ́ àgbègbè pàtàkì nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí àti àwọn ṣíbí ìjẹun. Ó jẹ́ ilé fún Musée de la Coutellerie, tí ó ṣe àfihàn ìtàn egbẹ̀rin ọdún tí wọ́n ń tín ṣe abẹ ni ilu náà. &lt;ref&gt;Alastair (2020-01-12) [https://mechtraveller.com/2020/01/thiers-cutlery-capital-of-france/ &quot;Thiers: Cutlery Capital of France&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://mechtraveller.com/2020/01/thiers-cutlery-capital-of-france/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Mechtravller.  Retrieved 01-06-22&lt;/ref&gt; àti {{ill|Coutellia|fr|Coutellia}}, tí ó jẹ́ Ìpàtẹ Ọjà Òwò tí òun ṣe àfihàn ararè Gégébí ìpàdé àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ abẹ àgbáyé ti tóbi jùlọ.

====Ní Germany====

Ni ìfojúdá, Germany ni òun pèsè 7% nínú ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí fún títa ni ọjà àgbáyé ni Ọdún 2019.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192116/https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt; tí wọ́n ń tún dàpè ni ìlú abẹ, &quot;The City of Blades&quot;, [[:en:Solingen|Solingen]], ni apá àríwá Rhine-Westphalia, jẹ́ àárín gbùngbùn fún ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní ìgbàanì. Ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún, wọn fi ojú dáa wipe ni Ọókẹ́rẹ́-jù,àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ Alùmọ́gàjí bí ọ́ọ̀dúnrún ni wọ́n wà ní Solingen.&lt;ref&gt;Zautor, Capital (2019-04-13) [https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc &quot;How the Knife Makers from Solingen Survived&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193622/https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọdún 1995, ìlú Solingen ṣe Òfin Ìjọba Ìbílẹ̀ ti o jẹ ìtèsíwájú òfin tí ọdún 1930 ti o ṣe ní àlàyé pé lílọ àmì ijànní òntè tí ó ṣe àfihàn wípé ni Solingen ni wọn ti pèsè nkan òun ni yio je fún àwọn ǹkan ọjà tí wọ́n bá pèsè ni agbègbè àtijó tíi Solingen. Ní ọdún 2019, òfin yí de ókẹ́rẹ́ ju, àwọn àádọ́jọ ilé iṣẹ́ tí wọ́n ń pèsè abẹ oríṣiríṣi àti Alùmọ́gàjí.&lt;ref&gt;Zautor, Capital (2019-04-13) [https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc &quot;How the Knife Makers from Solingen Survived&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193622/https://www-capital-de.translate.goog/wirtschaft-politik/die-scharfmacher?_x_tr_sl=de&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-US&amp;_x_tr_pto=sc |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Friedrich Herder, tí wón dákalè ní Solingen ni Ọdún 1727, òun ló jẹ́ ọ̀kan lára àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó pé jùlọ tí wọ́n ti ṣèdá rẹ̀ tí òun sì tún ṣiṣẹ́ ni Germany.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.herder-solingen.de/ Friedrich Herder: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192119/https://www.herder-solingen.de/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní Italy====

[[File:Detatchable kitchen.jpg|thumb|right| Alùmọ́gàjí àtijó fún ilé ìdáná Ẹ̀yà tí ilé Ítálì, tí wọ́n má ńlò fun gígé àwọn ǹkan oúnjẹ. Àwọn apá rẹ̀ ní o ṣé yọ ní ekeka lójúnà áti ṣe àmójútó rẹ̀.]]

Premana, ní agbègbè Lecco, óun ni ó ní Ìpilẹ̀ṣẹ̀ rẹ ninu ìṣẹ́ àgbède irin àti ṣíṣe ọ̀bẹ ni àwọn nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. No ọdún 1900, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí mewa ni ó wà nínú ilé iṣẹ́ wọn, ó di ọgún ní ọdún 1952 tí ó sì di méjídínláàdọ́ta ní ọdún 1960.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.comune.premana.lc.it/c097069/zf/index.php/servizi-aggiuntivi/index/index/idtesto/20132 Municipality of Premana: Economy.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035356/https://www.comune.premana.lc.it/c097069/zf/index.php/servizi-aggiuntivi/index/index/idtesto/20132 |date=2022-01-07 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni òní, Ile ise alájọni Consorzio Premax, se Àkójọ àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bí ọgọ́ta tí wọ́n ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí ní abélé fún ọjà àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.eccolecco.it/en/towns-lombardy/premana/ Ecco Lecco Tourist Guide to Lecco Province: Premana.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035418/https://www.eccolecco.it/en/towns-lombardy/premana/ |date=2022-01-07 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2019, Italy pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí pẹ̀lú áfojúdá 3.5% fún títà ni ọjà Àgbáyé.&lt;ref&gt;[https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors The Observatory of Economy Complexity, trade data for scissors as of 2019.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192116/https://oec.world/en/profile/hs92/scissors |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ò kan nínú ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí tí Premanese tí wọ́n dákalè ni ọdun 1869 sì ń ṣiṣẹ́ ni Sanelli Ambrogio.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.sanelliambrogio.it/en/azienda.aspx Ambrogio Sanelli: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510192653/https://www.sanelliambrogio.it/en/azienda.aspx |date=2021-05-10 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní Japan====

Ṣíṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ni Japan òun ni ó jeyo láti ara ìdàgbàsókè níbi iṣẹ́e Alágbẹ̀dẹ idà ṣíṣe ni àwọn nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìnlá.&lt;ref&gt;Sibert, Jake (2018-09-19) [https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai &quot;See Why This Pair of Scissors Costs $35,000 USD&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192117/https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai |date=2022-01-06 }}, HypeBeast Great Big Story. Retrieved 12-04-21.&lt;/ref&gt; Seki, ní agbègbè Gifu, óun ni ó gbajúmọ̀ fún jíjẹ agbègbè tí wọ́n ń tí ń ṣe idà ni àwọn ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ àkókò ọdún 1200s. Lẹ́yìn tí wọ́n fi òfin de àwọn ará ìlù láti mọ gbé idà rìn ká mọ̀, àwọn Alágbẹ̀dẹ ìlú na yí isé padà sí pípèsè àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí àti ọ̀bẹ.&lt;ref&gt;[https://visitseki.jp/ Visit Seki Official Guide, Gifu Prefecture.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://visitseki.jp/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt; oríṣiríṣi ni àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ilé Japan, àmọ́ Alùmọ́gàjí fún iṣẹ́ ìránso ni ọmọ ilẹ̀ America kan, Matthew Perry láti ọrílé-èdè United States ní ọdún 1854.&lt;ref&gt;Kitajima Y., Kito K., Migaki M., Matsumuro K., Murata Y., Hamada H. (2015) [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21073-5_13 Process Analysis of Manufacturing of Sewing Scissors by All Forging Process and Understanding of Its Sharpness. In: Duffy V. (eds) Digital Human Modeling. Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics and Risk Management: Human Modeling.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409220441/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-21073-5_13 |date=2022-04-09 }} DHM 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 9184. Springer, Cham.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilé iṣẹ́ Sasuke tí ó wà ní ìlú ńlá Sakai tí ó wà ní apá Gúúsù ìlú Osaka òun ni Yasuhiro Hirakawa ṣe alamojuto re gẹ́gẹ́bi Alágbẹ̀dẹ Alùmọ́gàjí ìran kaàrún. Ilé iṣẹ́ na ni ó ti bèrè ìṣe láti 1867.&lt;ref&gt;Ken (2019-12-27), [https://matcha-jp.com/en/8529 &quot;Sasuke: Witness the Art of Japanese Blacksmithing in Osaka&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192122/https://matcha-jp.com/en/8529 |date=2022-01-06 }}, Matcha Japan. Retrieved 12/04/21.&lt;/ref&gt; Yasuhiro Hirakawa ni ó jẹ́ Alágbẹ̀dẹ àlùmógàjí ìgbẹ̀yìn tí ó mò nípa ọ́nà tí wọ́n ń gbá ṣe àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ìgbàanì tí wọ́n ní ìgbàgbọ́ wípé ni àwọn abẹ wọn má ń fẹ́lẹ́, tí wọ́n ń sì tún má ń fúyé pẹ̀lú mímú tí ó ju ti ilẹ̀ àwọn Europe lọ.&lt;ref&gt;Kazue (2021-04-19) [https://japanonlinetour.com/blog/discovering-japanese-quality-scissors-and-knives-tour/ &quot;Discovering Quality Japanese Scissors and Knives&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106193628/https://japanonlinetour.com/blog/discovering-japanese-quality-scissors-and-knives-tour/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2018, wọ́n ṣe àfihàn rẹ nínú eré àkásílẹ̀ ìtàn tí ó tún ṣe àfihàn Igi àmúkúrú fún ẹwà rẹ (bonsai snips) tí wón tà ní ìtà àrátúntà ní US$35,000.&lt;ref&gt;Sibert, Jake (2018-09-19) [https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai &quot;See Why This Pair of Scissors Costs $35,000 USD&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192117/https://hypebeast.com/2018/9/sasuke-japan-scissors-35000-usd-bonsai |date=2022-01-06 }}, HypeBeast Great Big Story. Retrieved 12-04-21&lt;/ref&gt;

====Ní ilè Spain====

Ní Solsona, ọrílé-èdè Spain, ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí bèrè ni nkan bi ọ̀rúndún kẹrìndínlógún. Ní àkókò ìdàgbàsókè oko-òwò ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí, ní àwọn ǹkan bí ọ̀rúndún kejìdínlógún, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ bí érìnlélógún ni wọn ń pèsè Alùmọ́gàjí lábé Ìṣàkóso Olùdáàbòbò mímó ọ̀bẹ, Saint Eligius.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.pallaressolsona.com/en/about-us/ Pallarès Solsona: Company History.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192129/http://www.pallaressolsona.com/en/about-us/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 11/27/21.&lt;/ref&gt; ni ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọwọ́ ààrin ọdún 1980s, àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ méjì Ni ó kù, ní ìgbà tí yí ọ sí fi di ọdún 2021, ilé iṣẹ́e Pallarès Solsona, tí ẹbí Lluìs àti Carles Pallarès Canal, dákalè ní ọdún 1917 nìkan ni ó jẹ́ ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí tí ó sékù ni ìlú náà.&lt;ref&gt;[https://reste.co.uk/blogs/journal-1/carving-a-place-in-history &quot;The Makers: Carving a Place in History&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192119/https://reste.co.uk/blogs/journal-1/carving-a-place-in-history |date=2022-01-06 }}, Reste Journal. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;


====Ní ilè United Kingdom====

Sheffield je ilé fún àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí àkókó tí wọ́n ṣe fún títà òpò yanturu ní ọdún 1761. Ní ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọ̀rúndún kọkàndínlógún, ìfojúdá bí ọgọ́ta ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí ní o ti wà ní Sheffield. Ṣùgbọ́n, láti àwọn ọdún 1980s, tí ìfẹ́ àwọn olùrà tí sí sí àwọn ǹkan ti kò wọ́n púpò, tí Ìgbòòrò sì tún tí dé bá oko-òwò  kárí-ayé, tí àwọn Olùpèsè èrò Alùmọ́gàjí ní abélé tí bèrè sí kó igbá ọjà wọlé. Ní ìgbà tí yíò fi di ọdún 2021, ilé iṣẹ́ ìpèsè Alùmọ́gàjí méjì ni ó sékù ní Sheffield.&lt;ref&gt;[https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ Scissor-Making: Red List of Endangered Crafts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ |date=2022-01-06 }}, British Heritage Crafts Association. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ Alùmọ́gàjí òún ni William Whiteley, tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1760,&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.whiteley.co.uk/heritage/ William Whiteley: Heritage.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192120/https://www.whiteley.co.uk/heritage/ |date=2022-01-06 }} Retrieved 12/04/21&lt;/ref&gt; àti [[:en:Ernest_Wright_(scissors_maker)|Ernest Wright]], tí wọ́n dá sílẹ̀ ní ọdún 1902. Àwọn ilé-iṣẹ́ méjèèjì òun ni wón ti yí òun ti wọn pèsè padà sí àwọn ǹkan ìwúlò mìíràn.&lt;ref&gt;Floyd, Charlie (2021-04-04) [https://www.businessinsider.com/why-traditional-sheffield-scissors-scissors-are-so-expensive-2020-4 &quot;Why Ernest Wright Scissors are so expensive&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107035320/https://www.businessinsider.com/why-traditional-sheffield-scissors-scissors-are-so-expensive-2020-4 |date=2022-01-07 }}. Business Insider. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ni àárín àwọn ilé iṣẹ́ méjèèjì yí, ìwòye ni pé ó kéré jù, àwọn oníṣẹ́ mẹ́wàá tí wọ́n kó nípa títò papò àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí Sheffield òun ni wón gbà si ìṣẹ́.&lt;ref&gt;[https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ Scissor-Making: Red List of Endangered Crafts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192118/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/scissor-making/ |date=2022-01-06 }}, British Heritage Crafts Association. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ni Ọdún 2020, Ernest Wright ni wọn fi àmì ẹ̀yẹ alákòólé Endangered Crafts dá ní ọlá láti ọwọ́o àjọ British Heritage Crafts Association.&lt;ref&gt;Carpenter, Daniel (2020-10-08), [https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/winners-of-the-2020-heritage-crafts-awards/ &quot;Winners of the 2020 Heritage Crafts Awards&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220106192121/https://heritagecrafts.org.uk/winners-of-the-2020-heritage-crafts-awards/ |date=2022-01-06 }}. Retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

==Alùmọ́gàjí olọ́wọ́-ọ̀tún àti olọ́wọ́-òsì==

[[File:RH-LH sidebents.jpg|thumb|Left-handed (left) and right-handed (right) sidebent scissors]]

Irúfẹ́ Ẹ̀yà méjì Alùmọ́gàjí tí olówó òsì ni ó wà. Ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí olówó òsì ni wọn ń sábà máa ń pè ní Alùmọ́gàjí alábọ̀-ọwọ́-òsì (&quot;semi&quot;-left-handed scissors) látàrí bí èyàn ṣe le fi èyìn òdì ọwọ́ mú wọn. Bí ẹnu Alùmọ́gàjí olówó ọ̀tún ṣe ń sí, be nani tí olówó òsì ṣe ń sí. Ìyàtò kékeré àárín wọn ní o níse pẹ̀lú bi ẹnu abẹ gígé nkan wọn ṣe wà ní ìbámu pẹ̀lú ẹnu ihò ọwọ́ tí wọ́n ń fi dì wọ́n mú. &lt;ref&gt;&quot;What's the Difference Between Right- and Left-Handed Scissors?&quot; Kim Griffin, Griffin Occupational Therapy Blog. https://www.griffinot.com/difference-left-handed-scissors/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127161351/https://www.griffinot.com/difference-left-handed-scissors/ |date=2021-11-27 }}, retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt; ènìyàn tí ó jẹ́ olówó òsì tí ó ti ń lọ Alùmọ́gàjí alábọ̀-ọwọ́-òsì le ni ìṣòro tí ó bá fẹ́ lọ Alùmọ́gàjí tí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ni ìbẹ̀rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Do You Know – Left-Handed Scissors&quot; Olive Branch Educators, https://www.obeducators.com/reflections/do-you-know-left-handed-scissors {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127161352/https://www.obeducators.com/reflections/do-you-know-left-handed-scissors |date=2021-11-27 }}, retrieved 11/27/21&lt;/ref&gt;

Irúfẹ́ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí kan ní wón ń rà lábé orúkọ Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ([[:en:Ambidextrous|ambidextrous]]). Àwọn eléyi ni ọwọ́ gboro lèyí tí kò jẹ ki ìyàtò wá ní àárín àtànpàkò ọwọ́ àti àwọn ìka ìyókù, pẹ̀lú àfikún irinṣẹ́ ìyípọ̀ ààrin tí ó ní agbára. Àmọ́, ọ̀pọ̀ àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì &quot;ambidextrous&quot; òun na si tún ní wón jẹ́ ti olówó-ọ̀tún látàrí abẹ ọwọ́ òkè ni yio wà ní owó ọ̀tún bí ènìyàn bá fi ọwọ́ ọ̀tún dìímú. Bótilèjépé Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì ní wón pèé, bí ẹni tí ń bá lọ ọwọ́ òsì bá lòó, ọwọ́ abẹ yí ọ di lójú láti rínà rí òun ti oun gé dáadáa. Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì òun ni yio sé ṣe bí wọ́n bá le ṣe ẹnu abẹ ni olójú méjì tí ọwọ́ kan sì ṣe yípo ní olóbìrí (360 [[:en:Degree_(angle)|degrees]]) lèyí tí yíò je ki ọwọ́ tí wọ́n yí seyin di ojú ìgé nkan tuntun. Eléyi ni Ìwé-èdídí ọjà fún Alùmọ́gàjí adánidá fún ọwọ́ méjèèjì: {{US patent|3978584}}.

==Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí kékeré àti títóbi ==
Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí ní àwọn wọ̀nyí:

=== Fún iṣẹ́ ọkọ, ọ̀gbìn àti ìtọ́jú ẹran ọ̀sìn ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Hedge trimmer]]s
| [[File:Taille haie.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé ọgbà koríko [[hedge (barrier)|hedges]]
|-
| [[Grass shears]]
| [[File:Gardena-Grasschere klassisch.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé koríko
|-
| [[Averruncator]]s
| [[File:Averruncator.png|150x150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi gíga 
|-
| [[Pruning shears]] or secateurs
| [[File:Secateur ouvert.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi kékeré 
|-
| [[Loppers]] 
| [[File:Astschere.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ẹka igi títóbi 
|-
| [[Sheep shearing#Blade shears|Blade shears]]
| [[File:BladeShears.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé irun ara ẹranko bí àgùntàn 
|}

===Fún oúnjẹ àti ìpèsè ògùn===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Kitchen scissors or kitchen shears 
| [[File:Kitchen scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún ìṣètò oúnjẹ àti àwọn ìwúlò míràn nínú ilé ìdáná
|-e

| Poultry shears 
| [[File:Gefligelschéier.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé irun àti ara àwọn adìẹ [[poultry]]
|-
| [[Cigar cutter]]
| [[File:Cigar cutter.JPG|150px]]
| Àwọn àkànṣe Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé cigar
|}

===Fún ìtọ́jú ara ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Hair-cutting shears]]
| [[File:Hair Cutting Scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àti àtúnṣe irun 
|-
| Thinning shears
| [[File:Modellierschere.jpg|150px]]
| fún ṣíṣe ìtọ́jú, àtúnṣe àti mímú àdínkù bá irun
|-
| [[Hair clipper]]s
| [[File:Manual hair clippers.JPG|150px]]
| tí àwọn onígbàjámò [[barber]]s,onídìrí [[hairdresser]]s, àti àwọn tí wọ́n ń ṣe ìtọ́jú ajá [[Dog grooming|pet groomers]] ńlò fun fún irun gígé 
|-
| Nail scissors
| [[File:Nagelschere.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé èèkáná [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]]
|-
| Nose scissors
| [[File:Nose scissors.jpg|150px]]
| Alùmọ́gàjí kékeré fún gígé irun imú [[nostril]] àti irun etí
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ irin ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Snips#Tinner snips|Tinner snips]]
| [[File:Tin snips.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé agolo [[tin]]
|-
| [[Snips#Compound-action snips|Compound-action snips]]
| [[File:Cortachapa.png|150px]]
| fún gígé Alumíníọ̀mù [[aluminium]] àti irin [[stainless steel]]
|-
| Pipe and duct snips
|
|fún gígé [[Exhaust system|stove pipe]] àti Ike ducting
|-
| [[Hydraulic rescue tools|Hydraulic cutters]]
| [[File:Extrication cutter 1.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn ìrìn wúwo, tí wọ́n ń lọ níbi ìṣe ojú òpópónà [[traffic collisions]]. Wọ́n tun má ń pè wọ́n ní orúkọ ìtajà [[genericized trademark]] &quot;Jaws of Life&quot;.
|-
| [[Shear (sheet metal)#Throatless shear|Throatless shear]]
| [[File:ThroatlessShear.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún gígé irin ní àwọn oríṣiríṣi ọ̀nà àrà
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ Ètò ìlera ara ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| [[Trauma shears]], or &quot;tuff cuts&quot;
| [[File:Aa_trauma_shears.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé Aṣọ ni akoko ìpènijà eto ìlera|-
| Dissection scissors
| 
| fún gígé ẹran ara ni àkókò iṣẹ́ abe [[dissection]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Surgical scissors]]
| [[File:Mayo scissors 02.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé awo ara ní àkókò iṣẹ́ abe [[surgery]]&lt;ref name=&quot;FullerFuller2012&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Fuller |first=Joanna Kotcher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DBU662BLit0C&amp;pg=PA234 |title=Surgical Technology: Principles and Practice |last2=Fuller |first2=Joanna Ruth |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-4557-2506-9 |page=234}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Suture scissors]]
| [[File:Suture scissors on gray.png|150px]]
| fún gígé Okùn iṣẹ́-abẹ [[Surgical suture|sutures]]. 
|-
| [[Iris scissors]]
|
| fún iṣẹ́ abe [[ophthalmic surgery]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Metzenbaum scissors]]
| [[File:Metzenbaum scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún àwọn iṣẹ́ abe tí ó gba pẹ̀lẹ́ pẹ̀lẹ́ {{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Tenotomy scissors]]
| [[File:Tenotomy scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún àwọn iṣẹ́ abe tí ó gba pẹ̀lẹ́ pẹ̀lẹ́ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Bilsky |first1=Mark H. |last2=Vitaz |first2= Todd W.|year=2002|title=Surgical treatment of superior sulcus tumors with spinal and brachial plexus involvement|journal=[[Journal of Neurosurgery]]|volume=97|issue=3|pages=301–309|doi=10.3171/spi.2002.97.3.0301|pmid=12408383 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Mayo scissors]]
| [[File:Mayo surgical scissors.jpg|150px]]
| fún gígé àwọn Ìsopọ̀ ẹran-ara [[fascia]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Bandage scissors]]
| [[File:Bandage Scissors.JPG|150px]]
| for cutting bandages&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Burnham|first=Preston J.|date=1958-10-11|title=New bandage scissors|journal=[[Journal of the American Medical Association]]|volume=168|issue=6|pages=760|doi=10.1001/jama.1958.63000060001011|pmid=13575196}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===Fún ayẹyẹ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Ceremonial scissors
| [[File:Joshua Kent, with the help of Col. Jay Silveria cut the ribbon and Carlos Mencia Kid Rock and Jessie James cut the ribbon to open new fitness stations at RAF Lakenheath.jpg|150px]]
| Alùmọ́gàjí ńlá fún ayẹyẹ [[Ribbon-cutting ceremony|ribbon-cutting events]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|}

===Fún iṣẹ́ aṣọ gígé ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Crafting scissors
| [[File:Paper trimmers.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting materials for [[Craft|crafts]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Buttonhole]] scissors
| [[File:Forbici da occhielli.jpg|80px]]
| for opening buttonholes{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Dressmaker's shears]]
| [[File:Tailors shears LH.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting fabric for [[Dressmaker|dressmaking]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Embroidery scissors]]
| [[File:Embroidery scissors2022.jpg|100px]]
| for cutting fabric for [[embroidery]]{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Pinking shears]]
| [[File:Zackenschere.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting cloth leaving a sawtooth edge{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|-
| [[Tailor]]'s scissors
| [[File:Schere 18-19 Jh.jpg|150px]]
| for cutting through heavy-duty materials such as leather or multiple layers of fabric{{Citation needed|date=May 2025}}
|}

=== Fún ẹ̀kọ́ àwọn ọmọ ilé ẹ̀kọ́ ===
{{anchor|Safety scissors}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Type
! Image
! Description/purpose
|-
| Safety scissors
| [[File:Safety scissors blue.jpg|150x150px]]
| fún àwọn ọmọ kékeré láti mó nípa bí wọn ń ṣe n lọ Alùmọ́gàjí; irúfé àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí fún ẹ̀kọ́ bayi ni ẹnu wọn ń má kú lójúnà áti dínwó ìjàmbá kù fún ọwọ́ àwọn ọmọ ọwọ́
|}

== Ìfihàn àwọn Alùmọ́gàjí ayé àtijó ==

&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Scissors (Jian) with Clouds and Floral Scrolls LACMA M.2003.14.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí àwọn Chinese, tí wọ́n ń lọ ní owó ààrin ìgbà-[[Tang dynasty]]
File:Iron scissors, E Han.JPG|Alùmọ́gàjí láti ìgbà [[Han dynasty]]
File:Skalm 2.JPG|Àlùmógàjí [[Fiskars]] láti ọdún 1967
File:Borduurschaartje.jpg|Àlùmógàjí fún òsó aṣọ ([[Embroidery]]) Pẹ̀lú ìrísí Àkọ̀ ([[crane (bird)|crane]]) 
File:Schere Gr 99.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí ńlá 
File:Teppichschere.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí fún gígé Aṣọ ìpè (Kápẹ́ẹ̀tì) 
File:Small Scissors.jpg|Irúfé Alùmọ́gàjí yí ni wọn ń fín gé okùn òwú ni ilẹ̀ Japan 
File:Scissors Pre 1850.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń fi ń gé aṣọ láti Norway láti àwọn ọdún 1850s sẹ́yìn
File:手工锻打螯剪.jpg|Alùmọ́gàjí pẹ̀lú ìrísí ilẹ̀ China ni Ilé ìfihàn àwọn Ìṣembáyé Hangzhou. 
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Tún yẹ àwọn eléyi náà wò ==

*[[Hemostat]] jẹ́ irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí tí kìí gé ǹkan ṣùgbọ́n tí wọ́n ń lò níbi isé abẹ [[surgery]] láti fi di nǹkan mú pinpin.
*[[Nipper (tool)|Nippers]] jẹ́ irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí míràn tí wọ́n ń fi ń fó (break) Ìrépé ara Òkúta ilẹ̀ [[tile]].
*[[Pliers]] èyí je Irúfẹ́ ẹ̀yà Alùmọ́gàjí tí wọ́n ń fi ń di wáyà tàbí so ìrìn papò. 
*[[Tijeras Canyon]] Ibi Àbùdá Ilẹ̀ kan ni New Mexico, US àti [[Tijeras, New Mexico|Tijeras]] Ó jẹ́ abúlé kan tí ó ní Ihò Àpáta Nlá tí wọ́n so ní orúkọ Alùmọ́gàjí &quot;scissors&quot; látàrí ìrísí rẹ ni èdè Spanish.</text>
      <sha1>9zpo74iloquk9fjuxorefrsudx8r5as</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kit Harington</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84689</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637804</id>
      <parentid>637621</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T10:17:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>22272</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6</comment>
      <origin>637804</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="35562" sha1="n8b4xqgm3161bc23mdre9ccunrm28th" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|British actor (born 1986)}}{{Use British English|date=August 2021}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}{{Infobox person|name=Kit Harington|image=Kit harrington by sachyn mital (cropped 2).jpg|caption=Harington ní 2019|birth_name=Christopher Catesby Harington|birth_date={{Birth date and age|df=y|1986|12|26}}|birth_place=London, England&lt;!--No districts or boroughs, only cities per format.--&gt;|education=Royal Central School of Speech and Drama|occupation=Òṣèré|years_active=2008–títí di ìsìnyí|spouse={{marriage|[[Rose Leslie]]|23 June 2018}}|children=Méjì|relatives={{ubl|[[John Harington (writer)|John Harington]] (ancestor)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Margaritoff |first1=Marco |last2=Hawkins |first2=Eric |title=Who Really Invented The Toilet? Inside The Surprisingly Complicated Answer |url=https://www.allthatsinteresting.com/who-invented-the-toilet |website=All That's Interesting |access-date=8 March 2023 |date=7 March 2022 |archive-date=8 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308023941/https://allthatsinteresting.com/who-invented-the-toilet |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|[[Robert Catesby]] (ancestor)}}}}'''Christopher Catesby Harington'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Biography.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/people/kit-harington-100215|title=Kit Harington: Television Actor (1986–)|publisher=[[Biography.com]]|access-date=28 September 2020|archive-date=10 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410115812/https://www.biography.com/people/kit-harington-100215|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; (wọ́n bi ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejìlá, ní ọdún 1986), tí ó gbajúmò gẹ́gẹ́ bí i '''Kit Harington''' fún iṣẹ́ rẹ̀, jẹ́ òṣèré ilẹ̀ Gẹ̀ẹ́sì. Ó gbajúgbajà fún ipa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Jon Snow nínú eré amóhùnmáwòrán ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín   HBO, ''Game of Thrones'' (2011–2019), èyí tí ó mú kí wọ́n yàn án fún àmì-ẹ̀yẹ [[Golden Globe Awards|Golden Globe]] tí ó sì tún di yíyàn ní ẹ̀meèjì fún Primetime Emmy Awards àti Critics' Choice Television Awards.

Ó kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ gboyè ní Royal Central School of Speech &amp; Drama, Harington bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré ṣíṣe ní pẹ̀lú ipa rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i olú-ẹ̀dá ìtàn Albert Narracott nínú eré West End, ''War Horse''. Láti ìgbà náà ni ó ti wà ní West End tí ó ń kópa nínú àwọn eré bí i ''The Children's Monologues'' (2015), ''The Vote'' (2015), ''Doctor Faustus'' (2016), àti ''True West'' (2018–2019). Ó tún kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí olórí ìtàn nínú ìmúpadà ''Henry V'' [[William Shakespeare]] (2022). Ó tún hàn nínú eré ''Slave Play'' (2024) tó jẹyọ ní London tí Jeremy O. Harris ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀. 

Ó ṣe ìgbékalẹ̀, àgbéjáde, ó sì tún kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Robert Catesby nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín BBC tọdún 2017 tí àkórì rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''Gunpowder''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/5Xl6S0zf1c4xqjygyDxr83Y/kit-harington-my-ancestor-tried-to-blow-up-parliament|title=BBC - Kit Harington: My ancestor tried to blow parliament|access-date=9 September 2020|archive-date=9 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109025619/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/5Xl6S0zf1c4xqjygyDxr83Y/kit-harington-my-ancestor-tried-to-blow-up-parliament|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó tún ti hàn nínú eré ajẹmọ́fẹ̀ẹ́-panilẹ́rìn-ín ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín Amazon Prime Video tí ń ṣe ''Modern Love'' (2021), àti eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín Apple TV+ tí ń ṣe ''Extrapolations'' (2023), àti nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín HBO/BBC One tí ń ṣe ''Industry'' (2024–tó ń lọ lọ́wọ́), tí ó ti gba ìbòríyìn fún. Ó tún ti hàn nínú àwọn eré ajẹmọ́tàn bí i ''Pompeii'' (2014), ''Testament of Youth'' (2014), àti ''The Death &amp; Life of John F. Donovan'' (2018). Ó kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Dane Whitman nínú eré Marvel Cinematic Universe tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''Eternals'' (2021), òun náà ni ohùn Eret nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín ''How to Train Your Dragon'' (2014–2019).

== Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ Ayé àti Ẹbí rẹ̀ ==
[[Fáìlì:SableAFretArgent.png|left|thumb|Àmì bárọ́nẹ́tì ẹbí Harington]]
Wọ́n bí Christopher Catesby Harington&lt;ref name=&quot;movies.yahoo.com&quot; /&gt; ní ọjọ́ kẹrìndínlọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejìlá, ọdún 1986 ní Acton, West London.&lt;ref name=&quot;tvg&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/kit-harington/308494/|title=Kit Harrington|magazine=[[TV Guide]]|access-date=24 June 2015|archive-date=3 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403133107/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/kit-harington/308494/|url-status=dead|archivedate=3 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403133107/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/kit-harington/308494/|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;standard&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/starinterviews/meet-kit-harington-game-of-thrones-hunk-and-hollywoods-hottest-new-player-9307194.html|title=Meet Kit Harington: Game of Thrones hunk and Hollywood's hottest new player|date=1 May 2014|author=Sophie Heawood|work=[[London Evening Standard]]|access-date=5 April 2018|archive-date=13 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213231843/https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/starinterviews/meet-kit-harington-game-of-thrones-hunk-and-hollywoods-hottest-new-player-9307194.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ìyá rẹ̀ fun lórúkọ́ nítorí Christopher Marlowe, tí àgékúrú orúkọ àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ jẹ́ Kit,&lt;ref name=&quot;smh 2014&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/game-of-thrones-kit-harington-man-for-all-seasons-20140320-353mq.html|title=Game of Throne's Kit Harington: Man for all seasons|date=22 March 2014|author=Lenny Ann Low|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=16 April 2020|archive-date=13 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160713223957/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/game-of-thrones-kit-harington-man-for-all-seasons-20140320-353mq.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; orúkọ tí Harington féràn jù lọ. Kò tilẹ̀ mọ ẹ̀kún orúkọ rẹ̀ títí ó fi pé ọmọdún mọ́kànlá.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/kit-harington-13-2013/#_|title=The HBO Heartthrob: Kit Harington|last=Brown|first=Emma|date=December 6, 2012|work=Interview|access-date=23 June 2015|archive-date=21 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221225858/https://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/kit-harington-13-2013#_|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àwọn òbí rẹ̀ ni Sir David Harington, 15th Bt, olókòwò àti  bárọ́nẹ́tì, pẹ̀lú Deborah Jane Catesby tí ń ṣe akọ̀wé-eré tẹ́lẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/kit-harington-discusses-release-of-his-new-film-1-3657833|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623081219/http://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/kit-harington-discusses-release-of-his-new-film-1-3657833|archive-date=2015-06-23|title=Kit Harington discusses release of his new film|work=The Scotsman|author=Siobhan Synnot|date=11 January 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó ní ẹ̀gbọ́n ọkùnrin kan.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Bradley|first=Laura|date=2019-04-05|title=Kit Harington’s Brother Snuck a Game of Thrones Joke into the Actor’s Wedding|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/04/game-of-thrones-kit-harington-jon-snow-fallon-tonight-show|access-date=2026-06-30|website=Vanity Fair|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Harington kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Southfield Primary School láti 1992 sí 1998. Nígbà tí ó pé ọmọdún mọ́kànlá àwọn ẹbí rẹ̀ kó lọ sí  Worcestershire&lt;ref name=&quot;porter&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.mrporter.com/journal/the-look/mr-kit-harington/317|title=Mr Kit Harington|date=6 May 2015|work=Mr Porter|author=Alex Bilmes|access-date=23 June 2015|archive-date=9 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709010903/https://www.mrporter.com/journal/the-look/mr-kit-harington/317|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nerdist.com/2014/02/nerdist-podcast-kit-harington/|title=Nerdist Podcast Episode 482: Kit Harington|publisher=Nerdist|date=28 February 2014|access-date=13 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302155538/http://www.nerdist.com/2014/02/nerdist-podcast-kit-harington/|archive-date=2 March 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì lọ sí Chantry High School ní Martley títí di ọdún 2003.&lt;ref name=&quot;worcester&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.worcesternews.co.uk/news/11130430.Game_of_Thrones_star_says_Worcester_will_always_be_home/|title=Game of Thrones star says Worcester will always be home|author=James Connell|date=7 April 2014|work=Worcester News|access-date=22 June 2015|archive-date=30 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930033550/https://www.worcesternews.co.uk/news/11130430.Game_of_Thrones_star_says_Worcester_will_always_be_home/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó bẹ̀rẹ̀ sí ní nífẹ̀ẹ́ sí eré ṣíṣe lẹ́yìn ti ó ìgbéjáde eré ''Waiting for Godot'' nígbà tí ó pé ọmọdún mẹ́rìnlá,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.details.com/culture-trends/movies-and-tv/201304/kit-harington-games-of-thrones|title=Q&amp;A: Kit Harington|work=Details|author=Nojan Aminosharei|date=1 April 2013|access-date=22 June 2015|archive-date=27 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927005049/http://www.details.com/culture-trends/movies-and-tv/201304/kit-harington-games-of-thrones?printable=true&amp;printable=true|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ó sì jẹyọ nínú ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn eré ní ilé-ìwé .&lt;ref name=&quot;worcester&quot; /&gt; Ó lọ sí ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ Worcester Sixth Form College, níbi tí ó ti kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ nípa Eré-oníṣẹ́ àti Tíátà (2003–05). Nígbà tí ó pé ọmọdún mẹ́tádínlógún,  ó ní ìwúrí láti sí Ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ nípa eré lẹ́yìn tí ó wọ eré Ben Whishaw gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Hamlet ní 2004.&lt;ref name=&quot;porter&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://entertainment.inquirer.net/133682/thrones-star-bulked-up-then-slimmed-down-for-film-role|title='Thrones' star bulked up, then slimmed down for film role|first=Ruben V.|last=Nepales|newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|date=7 February 2014|access-date=23 June 2015|archive-date=2 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402214454/https://entertainment.inquirer.net/133682/thrones-star-bulked-up-then-slimmed-down-for-film-role|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Harington kó padà lọ sí London ní 2005 nígbà tó pé ọmọdún méjìdínlógún lẹ́yìn tó ti parí ipele Ẹ̀kọ́ Kẹfà, nígbà tó yá lọ́dún náà, ó forúkọwọlé sí Central School of Speech and Drama, tí ó ti gboyè ní 2008.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/discover-more/artists/kit-harington|title=Kit Harington|publisher=[[Royal National Theatre]]|date=August 2008|access-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129011947/http://www.nationaltheatre.org.uk/discover-more/artists/kit-harington|archive-date=29 November 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.cntraveler.com/daily-traveler/2012/03/game-of-thrones-kit-harington-loves-iceland-fears-flying|title=Game of Thrones Star Kit Harington Loves Iceland, Fears Flying|date=30 March 2012|work=The Daily Traveller|author=Tara Abell|access-date=7 December 2012|archive-date=31 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231011855/http://www.cntraveler.com/daily-traveler/2012/03/game-of-thrones-kit-harington-loves-iceland-fears-flying|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Isẹ́ rẹ̀ ==

=== 2008–2010: Ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ rẹ̀ ní tíátà ===
Kí ó tó bẹ̀rẹ̀ eré ṣíṣe, èrò Harington ni láti di aṣèwádìí-ìròyìn.&lt;ref name=&quot;tvguide.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/kit-harington/bio/308494|title=Kit Harington Biography|work=TV Guide|access-date=13 July 2014|archive-date=13 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113162523/http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/kit-harington/bio/308494|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nígbà tí ó sì wà ní ilé-ẹ̀kọ́ eré ṣíṣe, wọ́n fún ní ipa Albert nínú ''War Horse'' tí National Theatre ṣàgbékalẹ̀ rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;movies.yahoo.com2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://movies.yahoo.com/person/kit-harrington/biography.html|title=Kit Harington|publisher=[[Yahoo! Movies]]|access-date=13 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140302003014/http://movies.yahoo.com/person/kit-harrington/biography.html|archive-date=2 March 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;tvguide.com&quot; /&gt; Eré náà gba àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Olivier lẹ́ẹ̀mejì tí ó fún Harington ní ìdámọ̀ tó yanrantí. Ó tún di yíyàn fún eré kejì rẹ̀ tí ń ṣe ''Posh'', eré apanílẹ̀rín-jẹ-mórin nípa àwọn ọkùnrin tí wọ́n wá láti ìdílé ọrọ̀ tí wọ́n kẹ́kọ̀ọ́ ní Yunifásítì Oxford.&lt;ref name=&quot;movies.yahoo.com2&quot; /&gt;

=== 2011–2019: Ìtayọ pẹ̀lú ''Game of Thrones'' ===
[[Fáìlì:Kit_Harington_Comic-Con_2011.jpg|right|thumb|Harington ní 2011 ní San Diego Comic-Con]]
Lẹ́yìn ''War Horse'', Harington wọlé fún ipa àkọ́kọ́ rẹ̀ Jon Snow lórí amóhùnmáwòrán tí ó sì di gbígbà nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín ''Game of Thrones''. Eré náà jáde ní 2011 pẹ̀lú ìboríyìn tó pọ̀ gan-an, àwọn alágbékalẹ̀ rẹ̀ sì tètè bẹ̀rẹ̀ apá kejì rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.iftn.ie/news/?act1=record&amp;aid=73&amp;rid=4283819&amp;tpl=archnews&amp;only=1|title=HBO Re-commissions 'Game of Thrones'|work=IFTN|date=19 April 2011|access-date=13 July 2015|archive-date=25 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625213849/http://www.iftn.ie/news/?act1=record&amp;aid=73&amp;rid=4283819&amp;tpl=archnews&amp;only=1|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;smh 20142&quot; /&gt; Ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ àwọn ìpín ti Harington nínú eré náà jẹ́ èyí tí wọ́n yà ní [[Iceland]] àti ní [[Northern Ireland]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.myfanbase.de/game-of-thrones/interviews/?pid=17081|title=Exclusive interview with Kit Harington|work=myfanbase.de|year=2013|access-date=14 July 2014|archive-date=31 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831004352/http://www.myfanbase.de/game-of-thrones/interviews/?pid=17081|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Harington gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìboríyìn fún ipa ''Snow''. Ní 2012, ó di yíyàn fún Saturn Award fún Amúgbálẹ́ẹ̀gbẹ́ Òṣeré tó Tayọ jù lọ lórí amóhùnmáwòrán fún ìkópa náà.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://collider.com/saturn-award-nominations-2012/|title=Saturn Award Nominations Announced; HUGO and HARRY POTTER Lead with 10 Nominations Each|publisher=[[Collider (website)|Collider]]|date=29 February 2012|access-date=5 March 2017|first=Matt|last=Goldberg|archive-date=16 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416222202/http://collider.com/saturn-award-nominations-2012/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní 2016, Harington di yíyàn fún Primetime Emmy Award fún Amúgbálẹ́ẹ̀gbẹ́ Òṣeré tó Tayọ jù lọ nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|url=https://www.ew.com/article/2016/07/14/emmys-nominations-2016|title=Emmy nominations 2016: See the full list|first=Lynette|last=Rice|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|date=14 July 2016|access-date=7 June 2017|archive-date=15 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715182538/http://www.ew.com/article/2016/07/14/emmys-nominations-2016|url-status=live|archivedate=15 July 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715182538/http://www.ew.com/article/2016/07/14/emmys-nominations-2016|deadurl=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt; àti fún Primetime Emmy Award gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Olú-ẹ̀dá ìtàn tó Tayọ jù lọ nínú eré ọlọ́pọ̀ ìpín ní 2019. Lọ́dún 2017, ìjábọ̀ fi hàn pé Harington tí di ọ̀kan lára àwọn òṣèré tó ń gbowó tó gara jù lọ lórí amóhùnmáwòrán, tí ó ń gba mílíọ̀nù £2 fún ìpín eré ''Game of Thrones'' kọ̀ọ̀kan.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425052433/http://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/795123/Game-of-Thrones-stars-to-be-paid-millions|archive-date=25 April 2017|url=http://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/795123/Game-of-Thrones-stars-to-be-paid-millions|title=Game Of Thrones season 7: Stars set to earn £2 Million per episode|work=[[Daily Express]]|last=Parker|first=Mike|date=25 April 2017|access-date=25 April 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425052433/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/game-of-thrones-season-7-actors-salary-net-worth-pay-million-hbo-per-episode-a7700506.html|archive-date=25 April 2017|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/game-of-thrones-season-7-actors-salary-net-worth-pay-million-hbo-per-episode-a7700506.html|title=Game of Thrones season 7: Actors 'set to earn £2million per episode', making them highest-paid ever|work=[[The Independent]]|last=Hooton|first=Christopher|date=25 April 2017|access-date=25 April 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lẹ́yìn apá mẹ́jọ, eré náà wá sí òpin ní oṣù kẹrin ọdún 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803001301/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-36934888|archive-date=3 August 2016|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-36934888|title=Game of Thrones to end after season eight in 2018|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=30 July 2016|access-date=13 May 2017|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Harington hàn nínú fíìmù fún ìgbà àkọ́kọ́ ní 2012 gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Vincent nínú ''Silent Hill: Revelation''. Eré adẹ́rùbani náà dá lórí fídíò eré-ìdáraya tí ń ṣe survival horror, ''Silent Hill 3'', ohun ló fi eré ''Silent Hill''.&lt;ref name=&quot;silenthill&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|first=Dave|last=McNary|title=Clemens, Harington join 'Silent Hill'|date=7 March 2011|magazine=Variety|url=https://variety.com/2011/film/news/clemens-harington-join-silent-hill-1118033463/|access-date=8 March 2011|archive-date=11 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110311171248/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118033463?refCatId=13|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó gba iyì Òṣeré Ọdún ní Young Hollywood Awards lọ́dún 2013, tí ó gbóríyìn fún òṣèré tí ó dára jù tó ń dàgbà si nínú fíìmù, orin àti lórí amóhùnmáwòrán.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ontheredcarpet.com/Game-of-Thrones-Kit-Harington-Jon-Snow:-My-big-break-Video/9193945|title='Game of Thrones' Kit Harington (Jon Snow): My big break|publisher=OnTheRedCarpet.com|date=2 August 2013|access-date=13 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403100458/http://www.ontheredcarpet.com/Game-of-Thrones-Kit-Harington-Jon-Snow:-My-big-break-Video/9193945|archive-date=3 April 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ipa olú-ẹ̀dá ìtàn àkọ́kọ́ Harington tó fẹsẹ̀ rinlẹ̀ wáyé nígbà tí ó jẹyọ nínú eré ''Pompeii tí'' Paul W. S. Anderson's ṣe àgbéjáde rẹ̀ ní (2014). Yíya eré náà bẹ̀rẹ̀ ní ọdún 2013 tó sì wáyé ní [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada. Wọ́n ya àwọn ìpín kan ní ìlú Pompeii fúnra rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;The Star&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2013/02/19/paul_ws_anderson_to_shoot_pompeii_in_toronto.html|title=Paul W.S. Anderson to shoot Pompeii in Toronto|last=DeMara|first=Bruce|date=19 February 2013|access-date=7 December 2013|work=[[Toronto Star|The Star]]|archive-date=12 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012193232/http://www.thestar.com/entertainment/movies/2013/02/19/paul_ws_anderson_to_shoot_pompeii_in_toronto.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Harington mú àyípadà bá ìrísí rẹ̀ lọ́nà tó le gan-an lábẹ́ ìtọ́sọ́nà atúnraṣe tẹni, nígbà ìrònú òṣèré náà gbèrò si pé ara rẹ̀ kò dára tó .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Vineyard, Jennifer|date=February 14, 2014|title=Kit Harington Dysmorphia Pompeii|url=https://www.vulture.com/2014/02/pompeii-gave-kit-harington-body-dysmorphia.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307004808/http://www.vulture.com/2014/02/pompeii-gave-kit-harington-body-dysmorphia.html|archive-date=March 7, 2014|website=Vulture}}&lt;/ref&gt; Fíìmù náà rí àwọn àríwísí tó da àti èyí tí kò dá náà lọ́wọ́ àwọn lámẹ̀yítọ́, tí eré náà sì ṣe daada ní ìwọ̀nba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Pompeii (2014)|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/pompeii_2013|language=en|access-date=2020-03-26|archive-date=20 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220013418/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/pompeii_2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Pompeii|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/pompeii|access-date=2020-03-26|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308142423/https://www.metacritic.com/movie/pompeii|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=February 21, 2014|title=Movie Review: Pompeii|url=https://www.vulture.com/2014/02/movie-review-pompeii.html|access-date=March 9, 2015|publisher=Vulture}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún náà, Harington jẹ́ ohùn fún Eret eré DreamWorks Animation, ''How to Train Your Dragon 2'',&lt;ref name=&quot;HTTYD2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|first=Harout|last=Harmanian|url=http://www.movieweb.com/news/how-to-train-your-dragon-2-gets-kit-harington|title='How to Train Your Dragon 2' Gets Kit Harington|publisher=MovieWeb|date=20 June 2012|access-date=13 July 2014|archive-date=23 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323052131/http://www.movieweb.com/news/how-to-train-your-dragon-2-gets-kit-harington|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí eré náà gba ìbòríyìn fún,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2014/08/15/box-office-how-to-train-your-dragon-2-crosses-500m-worldwide-following-china-debut/|title=Box Office: 'How To Train Your Dragon 2' Crosses $500M Following China Debut|work=[[Forbes]]|date=15 August 2014|access-date=15 January 2015|archive-date=20 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150120164019/http://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2014/08/15/box-office-how-to-train-your-dragon-2-crosses-500m-worldwide-following-china-debut/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; tí ó sì tún gba Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Golden Globe fun Fíìmù Aláwòrán tó dára jù lọ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/golden-globes-how-train-your-762789|title=Golden Globes: 'How to Train Your Dragon 2' Wins Best Animated Feature Film|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|date=11 January 2015|access-date=15 January 2015|archive-date=16 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416100254/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/golden-globes-how-train-your-762789|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2015/01/15/oscar-academy-awards-nominations-news/21783001/|title='Birdman,' 'Budapest' lead Oscar nominations|work=[[USA Today]]|date=15 January 2015|access-date=15 January 2015|archive-date=6 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206232310/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2015/01/15/oscar-academy-awards-nominations-news/21783001/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ó tún jẹyọ nínú ''How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World'' fún ipa rẹ̀ yìí lọ́dún 2019, tí eré náà gba ọ̀pọ̀lọpọ̀ ìboríyìn tí ó sì tà lọ́pọ̀lọpọ̀, bẹ́ẹ̀ eré náà di yíyàn fún Àmì-ẹ̀yẹ Golden Globe.
[[Fáìlì:Kit_Harington_at_HBOs_&quot;Game_Of_Thrones&quot;_Season_3_Seattle_Premiere_at_Cinerama_(8579815116)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Harington níbi ìgbéjáde apá kẹta eré ''Game of Thrones'' ní 2013]]
Ní 2014, Harington pẹ̀lú [[Jeff Bridges]] hàn nínú eré ''Seventh Son'', ṣùgbọ́n eré náà kò ṣe daadaa.&lt;ref name=&quot;seventhson&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/seventh_son/|title=Seventh Son|publisher=Rotten Tomatoes|access-date=7 February 2015|archive-date=7 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207060925/http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/seventh_son|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Harington kópa gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Billy Bradley, tí ó jẹ́ ọmọṣẹ́ àkọ́kọ́ fún Bridges, ṣùgbọ́n tí ẹ̀dá-ìtàn [[Julianne Moore]] tètè pa nínú eré yìí. Ben Barnes, Alicia Vikander àti Emily Watson náà kópa nínú rẹ̀.&lt;ref name=&quot;testamentofyouth&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last=Kit|first=Borys|title='Game of Thrones' Star Kit Harington to Headline 'Testament of Youth'|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/game-thrones-star-kit-harington-677113|access-date=16 March 2014|newspaper=The Hollywood Reporter|date=4 February 2014|archive-date=4 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904020122/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/game-thrones-star-kit-harington-677113|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Wọ́n gbé eré náà jáde lọ́jọ́ kẹrìndínlógún oṣù kìíní, ní 2015 nínú UK. Nígbà tí ìgbéjáde rẹ̀ láàgbáyé wáyé ní The Centrepiece Gala, pẹ̀lú àtìlẹyìn Máyọ̀ ìlú London, ní British Film Institute London Film Festival lóṣù kẹwàá ọdún 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Indiewire: Watch: First Trailer For 'Testament Of Youth'|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/watch-first-trailer-for-testament-of-youth-with-game-of-thrones-star-kit-harington-alicia-vikander-20140801|author=Edward Davis|access-date=1 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430133809/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/watch-first-trailer-for-testament-of-youth-with-game-of-thrones-star-kit-harington-alicia-vikander-20140801|archive-date=30 April 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=British Film Institute: Testament of Youth|url=https://whatson.bfi.org.uk/lff/Online/default.asp?BOparam::WScontent::loadArticle::permalink=testamentofyouth2014|author=Clare Stewart|access-date=3 September 2014|archive-date=11 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811165155/https://whatson.bfi.org.uk/lff/Online/default.asp?BOparam::WScontent::loadArticle::permalink=testamentofyouth2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní oṣù kejìlá ọdún 2014, ìròyìn jáde pé ó máa kópa nínú eré Xavier Dolan tó ń bọ̀ tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''The Death and Life of John F. Donovan''.&lt;ref name=&quot;deadline 2014&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2014/12/kit-harington-jessica-chastain-xavier-dolan-life-and-death-of-john-f-donovan-1201309515/|title='Game of Thrones' Star Joins Jessica Chastain in Xavier Dolan Celebrity Satire|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|date=4 December 2014|access-date=4 February 2020|archive-date=15 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115132441/https://deadline.com/2014/12/kit-harington-jessica-chastain-xavier-dolan-life-and-death-of-john-f-donovan-1201309515/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kẹjọ, ọdún 2018, wọ́n kéde pé eré náà di gbígbé jáde ní Toronto International Film Festival ti 2018.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2018/08/death-and-life-of-john-f-donovan-toronto-film-festival-world-premiere-jacob-tremblay-xavier-dolan-1202438302/|title='The Death And Life Of John F. Donovan' World Premiere Set For Toronto|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|first=Erik|last=Pederson|date=1 August 2018|access-date=1 August 2018|archive-date=1 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801221103/https://deadline.com/2018/08/death-and-life-of-john-f-donovan-toronto-film-festival-world-premiere-jacob-tremblay-xavier-dolan-1202438302/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ṣùgbọ́n eré náà kò ṣe daadaa.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=The Death and Life of John F. Donovan (2019)|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_death_and_life_of_john_f_donovan|language=en|access-date=2020-03-26|archive-date=14 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114043414/https://rottentomatoes.com/m/the_death_and_life_of_john_f_donovan|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=The Death and Life of John F. Donovan|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-death-and-life-of-john-f-donovan|access-date=2020-03-26|archive-date=26 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626145002/https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-death-and-life-of-john-f-donovan|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-death-and-life-of-john-f-donovan-movie-review-2019|title=The Death &amp; Life of John F. Donovan movie review (2019) {{!}} Roger Ebert|last=Castillo|first=Monica|website=www.rogerebert.com|language=en|access-date=2020-03-26|archive-date=4 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404093406/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-death-and-life-of-john-f-donovan-movie-review-2019|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ó tún kópa nínú eré apanílẹ̀rín HBO ní 2015 tí ń ṣe ''7 Days in Hell'', eré kúkurú nípa gbígbá eré tennis fún ọjọ́-méje.&lt;ref name=&quot;hbofilm&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2015/jul/11/7-days-in-hell-hbo-andy-samberg-kit-harrington|title=7 Days in Hell: HBO's tennis mockumentary is a grand slam|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|year=2015|access-date=13 July 2015|last1=Moylan|first1=Brian|archive-date=24 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124172419/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2015/jul/11/7-days-in-hell-hbo-andy-samberg-kit-harrington|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní oṣù kẹfà ọdún 2015, wọ́n kéde pé Harington yóò rọ́pò Robert Pattinson nínú eré Martin Koolhoven tó ń bọ̀ tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''Brimstone.''&lt;ref name=&quot;brimstone&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/kit-harington-joins-thriller-brimstone-804716|title='Game of Thrones' Star Kit Harington Joins Thriller 'Brimstone'|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=24 June 2015|access-date=5 March 2017|first1=Georg|last1=Szalai|first2=Scott|last2=Roxborough|archive-date=4 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161204053751/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/kit-harington-joins-thriller-brimstone-804716|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní 2016, Harington hàn gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Salen Kotch, alòdì-sí olú-ẹ̀dá ìtàn nínú fídíò eré-ìdáraya ìbọn yínyìn ẹlẹ́ni-àkọ́kọ̀ tí ń ṣe ''Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare''.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last1=Bruner|first1=Raisa|title=See Kit Harington Transform into Call of Duty's Newest Villain|url=https://time.com/4380582/kit-harington-call-of-duty-infinite-warfare-villain/|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=23 June 2016|access-date=10 September 2016|archive-date=4 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404022258/http://time.com/4380582/kit-harington-call-of-duty-infinite-warfare-villain/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Lọ́dún kan náà ó jẹyọ nínú agbéjáde West End tí ń ṣe  ''Doctor Faustus''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=London Theater Review: Kit Harington in 'Doctor Faustus'|url=https://variety.com/2016/legit/reviews/doctor-faustus-review-kit-harington-1201760192/|last1=Trueman|first1=Matt|date=2016-04-25|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=2020-05-06|archive-date=5 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305010123/https://variety.com/2016/legit/reviews/doctor-faustus-review-kit-harington-1201760192/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Àgbéjáde náà àti ipa rẹ̀ nínú rẹ̀ kò gba ìboríyìn tó dára rárá.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Cavendish|first=Dominic|date=2016-05-18|title=Doctor Faustus, Duke of York's Theatre, review: 'Game of Thrones's Kit Harington fails to save this dismal rehash from damnation'|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/theatre/what-to-see/doctor-faustus-duke-of-yorks-theatre-review-kit-harington-fails/|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/theatre/what-to-see/doctor-faustus-duke-of-yorks-theatre-review-kit-harington-fails/|archive-date=11 January 2022|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|access-date=2020-05-06|issn=0307-1235}}{{cbignore}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title='Doctor Faustus': Theater Review|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/kit-harington-doctor-faustus-theater-887400|website=The Hollywood Reporter|date=25 April 2016|language=en|access-date=2020-05-06|archive-date=4 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104161500/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/kit-harington-doctor-faustus-theater-887400|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní oṣù kejì, ọdún 2017, ìjábọ̀ jẹyọ pé Harington yóò kọ ''Gunpowder,'' yóò kópa nínú rẹ̀, ó sì tún máa darí rẹ̀ pẹ̀lú, eré ajẹmọ́tàn onípìn-ín mẹ́ta fún BBC tó dá lórí ìṣẹ̀lẹ̀ tòótọ́ Gunpowder Plot. Ó kópa àwọn baba ńlá rẹ̀ gẹ́gẹ́ bí i Robert Catesby pẹ̀lú àwọn òṣèré mìíràn bí i Mark Gatiss, Liv Tyler àti Peter Mullan.&lt;ref name=&quot;Gunpowder&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2017/02/kit-harrington-gunpowder-series-liv-tyler-mark-gatiss-bbc-1201916306/|title='Gunpowder': Kit Harington, Mark Gatiss, Liv Tyler &amp; Peter Mullan Light Up BBC Drama|date=19 February 2017|website=Deadline Hollywood|author=Tartaglione, Nancy|access-date=19 February 2017|archive-date=19 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219211301/http://deadline.com/2017/02/kit-harrington-gunpowder-series-liv-tyler-mark-gatiss-bbc-1201916306/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní oṣù kẹfà, ọdún 2018, wọ́n kéde pe Harington yóò kópa nínú eré orí-ìtàgé West End tó ń bọ̀, tí àkórí rẹ̀ jẹ́ ''True West'', tí Sam Shepard kọ, Matthew Dunster ló sì darí rẹ̀. Eré náà jáde ní oṣù kọkànlá, ọdun 2018 ní Tíátà Vaudeville nílùú London tí ó sì wá sópin ní oṣù kejì, ọdún 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://officiallondontheatre.com/news/kit-harrington-star-true-west-111410189/|title=Kit Harington to star in True West|access-date=13 July 2018|archive-date=13 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713165217/https://officiallondontheatre.com/news/kit-harrington-star-true-west-111410189/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.nimaxtheatres.com/shows/true-west/|title=True West: Performed at the Vaudeville Theatre Between 23 Nov 2018 and 23 Feb 2019|access-date=17 June 2019|archive-date=17 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617085325/https://www.nimaxtheatres.com/shows/true-west/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ní ọdún kan náà, ó jẹ́ agbátẹrù fún ìfihàn orí NBC, ''Saturday Night Live'' pẹ̀lú àlejò olórin Sara Bareilles. Àwọn akópa mìíràn nínú ''Game of Thrones'' bí tirẹ̀ [[Rose Leslie]] àti [[Emilia Clarke]] náà jẹyọ nígbà tí wọ́n bẹ̀rẹ̀.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/kit-harington-snl-monologue-emilia-clarke-rose-leslie-1202056544/|title=Emilia Clarke and Rose Leslie Crash Kit Harington's 'SNL' Monologue to Ask About 'Game of Thrones'|website=[[IndieWire]]|date=7 April 2019|accessdate=August 18, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
      <sha1>n8b4xqgm3161bc23mdre9ccunrm28th</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ìtúná</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84700</id>
    <revision>
      <id>637779</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:06:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Apalopadidun1</username>
        <id>29845</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ṣ'èdá ojúewé pẹ̀lú &quot;{{Short description|Pale tint of red}} {{pp|small=yes}} {{About|àwọ̀|àwọn ìlò mìíràn}} {{Infobox color |title=Pink |image={{photomontage |photo1a=Pink sapphire ring.jpg |photo1b=Burano Hausfassade Wäsche-20090315-RM-113043.jpg |photo1c= |photo2a=Cherry Blossom Spring Sky (4531848988) (cropped).jpg |photo2b=Jules Plisson Stade francais 2012-03-03.jpg |photo2c= |photo3b=James's Flamingo mating ritual.jpg | size = 243 | color_border = #FFC0CB | color...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>637779</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1063" sha1="41gt3czpnluj5t2pvh7sgwr7n8rs1ll" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Pale tint of red}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{About|àwọ̀|àwọn ìlò mìíràn}}
{{Infobox color
|title=Pink
|image={{photomontage
|photo1a=Pink sapphire ring.jpg
|photo1b=Burano Hausfassade Wäsche-20090315-RM-113043.jpg
|photo1c=
|photo2a=Cherry Blossom Spring Sky (4531848988) (cropped).jpg
|photo2b=Jules Plisson Stade francais 2012-03-03.jpg
|photo2c=
|photo3b=James's Flamingo mating ritual.jpg
| size = 243
| color_border = #FFC0CB
| color = #F9F9F9
| foot_montage = }}
|hex=FFC0CB
|source=[[HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]&lt;ref name=&quot;css3-color&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |title=W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords |publisher=W3.org |access-date=2010-09-11 |archive-date=2017-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129235005/http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caption=Clockwise, from top left:&lt;br&gt;A pink [[sapphire]] ring; facade of a house in Italy; [[Jules Plisson]] in a pink jersey; [[flamingo|flamingoes]]; the branches of a [[cherry blossom]] tree.
}}</text>
      <sha1>41gt3czpnluj5t2pvh7sgwr7n8rs1ll</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637786</id>
      <parentid>637779</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:22:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Apalopadidun1</username>
        <id>29845</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>637786</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1706" sha1="s34ecmade7mfcstjcl7evdh8i68y8k1" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Pale tint of red}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{About|àwọ̀|àwọn ìlò mìíràn}}
{{Infobox color
|title=Pink
|image={{photomontage
|photo1a=Pink sapphire ring.jpg
|photo1b=Burano Hausfassade Wäsche-20090315-RM-113043.jpg
|photo1c=
|photo2a=Cherry Blossom Spring Sky (4531848988) (cropped).jpg
|photo2b=Jules Plisson Stade francais 2012-03-03.jpg
|photo2c=
|photo3b=James's Flamingo mating ritual.jpg
| size = 243
| color_border = #FFC0CB
| color = #F9F9F9
| foot_montage = }}
|hex=FFC0CB
|source=[[HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]&lt;ref name=&quot;css3-color&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |title=W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords |publisher=W3.org |access-date=2010-09-11 |archive-date=2017-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129235005/http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caption=Clockwise, from top left:&lt;br&gt;A pink [[sapphire]] ring; facade of a house in Italy; [[Jules Plisson]] in a pink jersey; [[flamingo|flamingoes]]; the branches of a [[cherry blossom]] tree.
}}


'''Ìtúná''' jẹ́ àwọ̀ tí ó [[pupa]] fẹ́rẹ́fẹ́ tàbí kí a fi àwọ̀ róòsì, tí ó jọ àwọ̀ òdòdó ìtúná. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Are Black and White Colors? {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/story/are-black-and-white-colors |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 5th Edition, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Webster New World Dictionary'', Third College Edition: &quot;Any of a genus (''Dianthus'') of annual and perennial plants of the pink family with [[white]], pink or red flowers.; its pale red color.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
      <sha1>s34ecmade7mfcstjcl7evdh8i68y8k1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637789</id>
      <parentid>637786</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:29:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Apalopadidun1</username>
        <id>29845</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>637789</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1913" sha1="lp2qltg3vcx0yvvhiiqko7xza57346w" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Pale tint of red}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{About|àwọ̀|àwọn ìlò mìíràn}}
{{Infobox color
|title=Pink
|image={{photomontage
|photo1a=Pink sapphire ring.jpg
|photo1b=Burano Hausfassade Wäsche-20090315-RM-113043.jpg
|photo1c=
|photo2a=Cherry Blossom Spring Sky (4531848988) (cropped).jpg
|photo2b=Jules Plisson Stade francais 2012-03-03.jpg
|photo2c=
|photo3b=James's Flamingo mating ritual.jpg
| size = 243
| color_border = #FFC0CB
| color = #F9F9F9
| foot_montage = }}
|hex=FFC0CB
|source=[[HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]&lt;ref name=&quot;css3-color&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |title=W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords |publisher=W3.org |access-date=2010-09-11 |archive-date=2017-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129235005/http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caption=Clockwise, from top left:&lt;br&gt;A pink [[sapphire]] ring; facade of a house in Italy; [[Jules Plisson]] in a pink jersey; [[flamingo|flamingoes]]; the branches of a [[cherry blossom]] tree.
}}


'''Ìtúná''' jẹ́ [[àwọ̀]] tí ó [[pupa]] fẹ́rẹ́fẹ́ tàbí kí a fi àwọ̀ róòsì, tí ó jọ àwọ̀ òdòdó ìtúná. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Are Black and White Colors? {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/story/are-black-and-white-colors |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 5th Edition, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Webster New World Dictionary'', Third College Edition: &quot;Any of a genus (''Dianthus'') of annual and perennial plants of the pink family with [[white]], pink or red flowers.; its pale red color.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
A kọ́kọ́ lo “ìtúná” gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[orúkọ]] àwọ̀ ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún &lt;ref&gt;&quot;pink, ''n.''⁵ and ''adj.''²&quot;, [[Oxford English Dictionary]] Online&lt;/ref&gt; ún</text>
      <sha1>lp2qltg3vcx0yvvhiiqko7xza57346w</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637792</id>
      <parentid>637789</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:36:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Apalopadidun1</username>
        <id>29845</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>637792</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2252" sha1="9hw9zxghckmbg0d8yqk6z6rqzebw7xo" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Pale tint of red}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{About|àwọ̀|àwọn ìlò mìíràn}}
{{Infobox color
|title=Pink
|image={{photomontage
|photo1a=Pink sapphire ring.jpg
|photo1b=Burano Hausfassade Wäsche-20090315-RM-113043.jpg
|photo1c=
|photo2a=Cherry Blossom Spring Sky (4531848988) (cropped).jpg
|photo2b=Jules Plisson Stade francais 2012-03-03.jpg
|photo2c=
|photo3b=James's Flamingo mating ritual.jpg
| size = 243
| color_border = #FFC0CB
| color = #F9F9F9
| foot_montage = }}
|hex=FFC0CB
|source=[[HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]&lt;ref name=&quot;css3-color&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |title=W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords |publisher=W3.org |access-date=2010-09-11 |archive-date=2017-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129235005/http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caption=Clockwise, from top left:&lt;br&gt;A pink [[sapphire]] ring; facade of a house in Italy; [[Jules Plisson]] in a pink jersey; [[flamingo|flamingoes]]; the branches of a [[cherry blossom]] tree.
}}


'''Ìtúná''' jẹ́ [[àwọ̀]] tí ó [[pupa]] fẹ́rẹ́fẹ́ tàbí kí a fi àwọ̀ róòsì, tí ó jọ àwọ̀ òdòdó ìtúná. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Are Black and White Colors? {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/story/are-black-and-white-colors |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 5th Edition, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Webster New World Dictionary'', Third College Edition: &quot;Any of a genus (''Dianthus'') of annual and perennial plants of the pink family with [[white]], pink or red flowers.; its pale red color.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
A kọ́kọ́ lo “ìtúná” gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[orúkọ]] àwọ̀ ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún &lt;ref&gt;&quot;pink, ''n.''⁵ and ''adj.''²&quot;, [[Oxford English Dictionary]] Online&lt;/ref&gt;. Àpapọ̀ àwọ̀ ìtúná àti [[funfun]] ni a sábà máa ń so mọ́ àìṣẹ̀, ìwà mímọ́ àti àìlábùkù, nígbà tí àpapọ̀ ìtúná àti [[dúdú]] ń bá ìfẹ́kúfẹ̀ẹ́ ìbálòpọ̀ àti ìdèkùn [[ìfẹ́]] mu.&lt;ref&gt;Heller, Eva: ''Psychologie de la couleur – effets et symboliques'', pp. 179-184&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
      <sha1>9hw9zxghckmbg0d8yqk6z6rqzebw7xo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637793</id>
      <parentid>637792</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:37:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Apalopadidun1</username>
        <id>29845</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>637793</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2281" sha1="lp4bzkssgxkwufc97o65dsxw1s7i1x9" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Pale tint of red}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{About|àwọ̀|àwọn ìlò mìíràn}}
{{Infobox color
|title=Pink
|image={{photomontage
|photo1a=Pink sapphire ring.jpg
|photo1b=Burano Hausfassade Wäsche-20090315-RM-113043.jpg
|photo1c=
|photo2a=Cherry Blossom Spring Sky (4531848988) (cropped).jpg
|photo2b=Jules Plisson Stade francais 2012-03-03.jpg
|photo2c=
|photo3b=James's Flamingo mating ritual.jpg
| size = 243
| color_border = #FFC0CB
| color = #F9F9F9
| foot_montage = }}
|hex=FFC0CB
|source=[[HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]&lt;ref name=&quot;css3-color&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |title=W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords |publisher=W3.org |access-date=2010-09-11 |archive-date=2017-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129235005/http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caption=Clockwise, from top left:&lt;br&gt;A pink [[sapphire]] ring; facade of a house in Italy; [[Jules Plisson]] in a pink jersey; [[flamingo|flamingoes]]; the branches of a [[cherry blossom]] tree.
}}


'''Ìtúná''' jẹ́ [[àwọ̀]] tí ó [[pupa]] fẹ́rẹ́fẹ́ tàbí kí a fi àwọ̀ róòsì, tí ó jọ àwọ̀ òdòdó ìtúná. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Are Black and White Colors? {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/story/are-black-and-white-colors |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 5th Edition, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Webster New World Dictionary'', Third College Edition: &quot;Any of a genus (''Dianthus'') of annual and perennial plants of the pink family with [[white]], pink or red flowers.; its pale red color.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
A kọ́kọ́ lo “ìtúná” gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[orúkọ]] àwọ̀ ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún &lt;ref&gt;&quot;pink, ''n.''⁵ and ''adj.''²&quot;, [[Oxford English Dictionary]] Online&lt;/ref&gt;. Àpapọ̀ àwọ̀ ìtúná àti [[funfun]] ni a sábà máa ń so mọ́ àìṣẹ̀, ìwà mímọ́ àti àìlábùkù, nígbà tí àpapọ̀ ìtúná àti [[dúdú]] ń bá ìfẹ́kúfẹ̀ẹ́ ìbálòpọ̀ àti ìdèkùn [[ìfẹ́]] mu.&lt;ref&gt;Heller, Eva: ''Psychologie de la couleur – effets et symboliques'', pp. 179-184&lt;/ref&gt;

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
      <sha1>lp4bzkssgxkwufc97o65dsxw1s7i1x9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637798</id>
      <parentid>637793</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:48:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Apalopadidun1</username>
        <id>29845</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>637798</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3260" sha1="isltm4nupbthsxipgij3j1oykf8kiuk" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Pale tint of red}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{About|àwọ̀|àwọn ìlò mìíràn}}
{{Infobox color
|title=Pink
|image={{photomontage
|photo1a=Pink sapphire ring.jpg
|photo1b=Burano Hausfassade Wäsche-20090315-RM-113043.jpg
|photo1c=
|photo2a=Cherry Blossom Spring Sky (4531848988) (cropped).jpg
|photo2b=Jules Plisson Stade francais 2012-03-03.jpg
|photo2c=
|photo3b=James's Flamingo mating ritual.jpg
| size = 243
| color_border = #FFC0CB
| color = #F9F9F9
| foot_montage = }}
|hex=FFC0CB
|source=[[HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]&lt;ref name=&quot;css3-color&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |title=W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords |publisher=W3.org |access-date=2010-09-11 |archive-date=2017-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129235005/http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caption=Clockwise, from top left:&lt;br&gt;A pink [[sapphire]] ring; facade of a house in Italy; [[Jules Plisson]] in a pink jersey; [[flamingo|flamingoes]]; the branches of a [[cherry blossom]] tree.
}}


'''Ìtúná''' jẹ́ [[àwọ̀]] tí ó [[pupa]] fẹ́rẹ́fẹ́ tàbí kí a fi àwọ̀ róòsì, tí ó jọ àwọ̀ òdòdó ìtúná. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Are Black and White Colors? {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/story/are-black-and-white-colors |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 5th Edition, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Webster New World Dictionary'', Third College Edition: &quot;Any of a genus (''Dianthus'') of annual and perennial plants of the pink family with [[white]], pink or red flowers.; its pale red color.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
A kọ́kọ́ lo “ìtúná” gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[orúkọ]] àwọ̀ ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún &lt;ref&gt;&quot;pink, ''n.''⁵ and ''adj.''²&quot;, [[Oxford English Dictionary]] Online&lt;/ref&gt;. Àpapọ̀ àwọ̀ ìtúná àti [[funfun]] ni a sábà máa ń so mọ́ àìṣẹ̀, ìwà mímọ́ àti àìlábùkù, nígbà tí àpapọ̀ ìtúná àti [[dúdú]] ń bá ìfẹ́kúfẹ̀ẹ́ ìbálòpọ̀ àti ìdèkùn [[ìfẹ́]] mu.&lt;ref&gt;Heller, Eva: ''Psychologie de la couleur – effets et symboliques'', pp. 179-184&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, a máa ń wọ ìtúná gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì obìnrin àti ìwà obìnrin, ṣùgbọ́n kò kí ń ṣe gbogbo [[ìgbà]] ni ó máa ń rí bẹ́ẹ̀. Ṣáájú ìdá kejì ọ̀rúndún ogún, ìtúná sábà máa ń ṣàpẹẹrẹ ọkùnrin àti ìwà ọkùnrin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Broadway |first=Anna |date=2013-08-12 |title=Pink Wasn't Always Girly |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/08/pink-wasnt-always-girly/278535/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=The Atlantic |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pastoureau |first=Michel |date=2025 |title=Pink |url=https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691266268/pink |website=Princeton University Press |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì àti àwọn olùṣèwádìí ti so ìyípadà pàtàkì tí ó mú kí ìtúná di àwọ̀ tí a ń fi mọ́ [[obìnrin]] pọ̀ mọ́ ìfarahàn Barbie ní [[ọdún]] 1959.

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
      <sha1>isltm4nupbthsxipgij3j1oykf8kiuk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637801</id>
      <parentid>637798</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T09:57:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Apalopadidun1</username>
        <id>29845</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>637801</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3301" sha1="m9v2x46hcu5h9skaoiddvrnq25xg121" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Pale tint of red}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{About|àwọ̀|àwọn ìlò mìíràn}}
{{Infobox color
|title=Pink
|image={{photomontage
|photo1a=Pink sapphire ring.jpg
|photo1b=Burano Hausfassade Wäsche-20090315-RM-113043.jpg
|photo1c=
|photo2a=Cherry Blossom Spring Sky (4531848988) (cropped).jpg
|photo2b=Jules Plisson Stade francais 2012-03-03.jpg
|photo2c=
|photo3b=James's Flamingo mating ritual.jpg
| size = 243
| color_border = #FFC0CB
| color = #F9F9F9
| foot_montage = }}
|hex=FFC0CB
|source=[[HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]&lt;ref name=&quot;css3-color&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |title=W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords |publisher=W3.org |access-date=2010-09-11 |archive-date=2017-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129235005/http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caption=Clockwise, from top left:&lt;br&gt;A pink [[sapphire]] ring; facade of a house in Italy; [[Jules Plisson]] in a pink jersey; [[flamingo|flamingoes]]; the branches of a [[cherry blossom]] tree.
}}


'''Ìtúná''' jẹ́ [[àwọ̀]] tí ó [[pupa]] fẹ́rẹ́fẹ́ tàbí kí a fi àwọ̀ róòsì, tí ó jọ àwọ̀ òdòdó ìtúná. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Are Black and White Colors? {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/story/are-black-and-white-colors |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 5th Edition, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Webster New World Dictionary'', Third College Edition: &quot;Any of a genus (''Dianthus'') of annual and perennial plants of the pink family with [[white]], pink or red flowers.; its pale red color.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
A kọ́kọ́ lo “ìtúná” gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[orúkọ]] àwọ̀ ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún &lt;ref&gt;&quot;pink, ''n.''⁵ and ''adj.''²&quot;, [[Oxford English Dictionary]] Online&lt;/ref&gt;. Àpapọ̀ àwọ̀ ìtúná àti [[funfun]] ni a sábà máa ń so mọ́ àìṣẹ̀, ìwà mímọ́ àti àìlábùkù, nígbà tí àpapọ̀ ìtúná àti [[dúdú]] ń bá ìfẹ́kúfẹ̀ẹ́ ìbálòpọ̀ àti ìdèkùn [[ìfẹ́]] mu.&lt;ref&gt;Heller, Eva: ''Psychologie de la couleur – effets et symboliques'', pp. 179-184&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, a máa ń wọ ìtúná gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì obìnrin àti ìwà obìnrin, ṣùgbọ́n kò kí ń ṣe gbogbo [[ìgbà]] ni ó máa ń rí bẹ́ẹ̀. Ṣáájú ìdá kejì ọ̀rúndún ogún, ìtúná sábà máa ń ṣàpẹẹrẹ ọkùnrin àti ìwà ọkùnrin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Broadway |first=Anna |date=2013-08-12 |title=Pink Wasn't Always Girly |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/08/pink-wasnt-always-girly/278535/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=The Atlantic |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pastoureau |first=Michel |date=2025 |title=Pink |url=https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691266268/pink |website=Princeton University Press |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì àti àwọn olùṣèwádìí ti so ìyípadà pàtàkì tí ó mú kí ìtúná di àwọ̀ tí a ń fi mọ́ [[obìnrin]] pọ̀ mọ́ ìfarahàn Barbie ní [[ọdún]] 1959.

== Ìpìlẹ̀ṣẹ̀ àti Oríkì ==


== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
      <sha1>m9v2x46hcu5h9skaoiddvrnq25xg121</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>637815</id>
      <parentid>637801</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-23T11:30:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Apalopadidun1</username>
        <id>29845</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>637815</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3376" sha1="oul9e78g3do799pmugo9d778jhremce" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Pale tint of red}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{About|àwọ̀|àwọn ìlò mìíràn}}
{{Infobox color
|title=Pink
|image={{photomontage
|photo1a=Pink sapphire ring.jpg
|photo1b=Burano Hausfassade Wäsche-20090315-RM-113043.jpg
|photo1c=
|photo2a=Cherry Blossom Spring Sky (4531848988) (cropped).jpg
|photo2b=Jules Plisson Stade francais 2012-03-03.jpg
|photo2c=
|photo3b=James's Flamingo mating ritual.jpg
| size = 243
| color_border = #FFC0CB
| color = #F9F9F9
| foot_montage = }}
|hex=FFC0CB
|source=[[HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]&lt;ref name=&quot;css3-color&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |title=W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords |publisher=W3.org |access-date=2010-09-11 |archive-date=2017-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129235005/http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| caption=Clockwise, from top left:&lt;br&gt;A pink [[sapphire]] ring; facade of a house in Italy; [[Jules Plisson]] in a pink jersey; [[flamingo|flamingoes]]; the branches of a [[cherry blossom]] tree.
}}


'''Ìtúná''' jẹ́ [[àwọ̀]] tí ó [[pupa]] fẹ́rẹ́fẹ́ tàbí kí a fi àwọ̀ róòsì, tí ó jọ àwọ̀ òdòdó ìtúná. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Are Black and White Colors? {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/story/are-black-and-white-colors |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 5th Edition, Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''Webster New World Dictionary'', Third College Edition: &quot;Any of a genus (''Dianthus'') of annual and perennial plants of the pink family with [[white]], pink or red flowers.; its pale red color.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
A kọ́kọ́ lo “ìtúná” gẹ́gẹ́ bí [[orúkọ]] àwọ̀ ní ìparí ọ̀rúndún kẹtàdínlógún &lt;ref&gt;&quot;pink, ''n.''⁵ and ''adj.''²&quot;, [[Oxford English Dictionary]] Online&lt;/ref&gt;. Àpapọ̀ àwọ̀ ìtúná àti [[funfun]] ni a sábà máa ń so mọ́ àìṣẹ̀, ìwà mímọ́ àti àìlábùkù, nígbà tí àpapọ̀ ìtúná àti [[dúdú]] ń bá ìfẹ́kúfẹ̀ẹ́ ìbálòpọ̀ àti ìdèkùn [[ìfẹ́]] mu.&lt;ref&gt;Heller, Eva: ''Psychologie de la couleur – effets et symboliques'', pp. 179-184&lt;/ref&gt;

Ní ọ̀rúndún kọkànlélógún, a máa ń wọ ìtúná gẹ́gẹ́ bí àmì obìnrin àti ìwà obìnrin, ṣùgbọ́n kò kí ń ṣe gbogbo [[ìgbà]] ni ó máa ń rí bẹ́ẹ̀. Ṣáájú ìdá kejì ọ̀rúndún ogún, ìtúná sábà máa ń ṣàpẹẹrẹ ọkùnrin àti ìwà ọkùnrin. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Broadway |first=Anna |date=2013-08-12 |title=Pink Wasn't Always Girly |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/08/pink-wasnt-always-girly/278535/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=The Atlantic |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pastoureau |first=Michel |date=2025 |title=Pink |url=https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691266268/pink |website=Princeton University Press |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  Àwọn onímọ̀ sáyẹ́ǹsì àti àwọn olùṣèwádìí ti so ìyípadà pàtàkì tí ó mú kí ìtúná di àwọ̀ tí a ń fi mọ́ [[obìnrin]] pọ̀ mọ́ ìfarahàn Barbie ní [[ọdún]] 1959.

== Ìpìlẹ̀ṣẹ̀ àti Oríkì ==
Àwọ̀ ìtúná gba orúkọ rẹ̀ láti inú àwọn òdòdó ìtúná 

== Àwọn Ìtọ́kasí ==</text>
      <sha1>oul9e78g3do799pmugo9d778jhremce</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>