ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ
zghwiki
https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B1%E2%B4%B3
MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.4
first-letter
ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ
ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ
ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ
ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ
ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ
ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰⵡⵉⴽⵉ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰⵡⵉⴽⵉ
ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴱⵓⴹ
ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵙⵉ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ
ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ
ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ
TimedText
TimedText talk
Module
Module talk
Event
Event talk
ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⴳ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ
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2026-06-02T15:46:39Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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* ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ|ⵓⵎⵙⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ]] [[ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⵓⴼⵜ|ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ]] ⵓ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]] [[ⵉⴷⴳⴰⵔ ⵎⵓⵔⴰⵏ]] (ⴳ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ) ⴷⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ 104 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ.[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Edgar Morin LslaP 1549751.jpg|Frameless|150px|right]]
* ⴰⵔⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵀⴰⵏⵜⴰ|ⵓⴼⵉⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵀⴰⵏⵜⴰ]] ⴷⴳ ⵓⵖⵔⵔⴰⴱⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵢⵓⴷⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ "ⵉⵎ ⴼⵉ ⵀⵓⵏⴷⵢⵓ" ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴱⵣⵣⴻⵣ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵎⴷⴷⵓⵜⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴹⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵖⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵇⵇⵉⵎⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵜⵓⵇⵇⵏⴰ (ⵜⵓⵇⵇⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵓⵙⴰⵏⵜ).
*[[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵙ ⵙⴰⵏ ⵊⵉⵔⵎⴰⵏ]] ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⴹⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴱⵔⴰⵣⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵕⵓⴱⵜ]] ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵏⵔⴰ [[ⴰⵔⵙⵓⵏⴰⵍ]] ⵙ ⵜⵉⵢⵢⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵢⵉⴳⵔ.
* ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵓ [[ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⵎⴰⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ]] [[ⵜⵉⴷ ⵜⵓⵔⵏⵔ]], ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵔⵙⵍ ⵏ [[ⴰⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵙⵉ ⵉⵏ ⵉⵏ|ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⵙⵉ ⵉⵏ ⵉⵏ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ 87 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ.
* ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ "[[ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ (ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ)|ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ]]" ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚⵜ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ|ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ]] ⴳ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵜⵥⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎ, ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢ ⵉ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴷⵔⵙⵓⵏ.
{{ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ |[[ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⴳ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ|ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙ]] '''.''' [[ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⴳ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ/ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ|ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ]]}}
s2wcbmlkb7in6snftxgo3vk8x7rp1qy
ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ/2
4
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2026-06-02T15:47:55Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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{|style="width:100%;background-color:transparent;padding:5px;text-align:center;"
|<u>ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴷ</u>: ⵜⵛⴰⵏ {{ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵢⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ}} ⵉⵎⵏⵙⵉ.<br /><u>ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔⵓ</u>: ⵜⵛⴰⵏ {{ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ|ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ}} ⵉⵎⵏⵙⵉ. <br /> <u>ⴰⵛⴽⵓ</u> ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵓⵖⵔⵉ (ⵉ) ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵓⵜ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵓⵣ.
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{{ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ|[[wikt:|ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ]] '''·''' [[ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ/2|ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ]]}}
<noinclude>{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ}}
e1o0xl3dyugfjhbgq1jd3z4n07m7nd2
ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ/3
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2026-06-03T11:26:52Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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{|style="width:100%;background-color:transparent;padding:5px;text-align:center;"
|<u>ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴷ/ⵜⵉⵏⵉⴷ</u>: ⵓⵔ {{ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⴼⵀⵉⵎⵖ}}, ⵉⵙ {{ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵖⴷⴷⴰⴷ}}, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴻⵜⵛⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ {{ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵛⴱⴰⵄⵖ}}.<br /><u>ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔⵓ</u>: ⵓⵔ {{ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ|ⵔⵎⵉⵙⵖ}}, ⵉⵙ {{ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ|ⵜⵎⵎⴽⵍⵓⴷ}}, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴻⵜⵛⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ {{ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ| ⵊⵊⵉⵡⵏⵖ}} <br /> <u>ⴰⵛⴽⵓ</u> ⵜⵉⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ "ⴼⵀⵎ/ⵍⵖⴷⴰ/ⵛⴱⵄ" ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ.
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{{ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ|[[wikt:|ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ]] '''·''' [[ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ/3|ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ]]}}
<noinclude>{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ}}
g372m3r7zomx25fk37wgvb7m9fu0f44
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176395
2026-06-03T11:34:44Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
10568
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{|style="width:100%;background-color:transparent;padding:5px;text-align:center;"
|<u>ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴷ/ⵜⵉⵏⵉⴷ</u>: ⵓⵔ {{ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⴼⵀⵉⵎⵖ}}, ⵉⵙ {{ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵖⴷⴷⴰⴷ}}, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴻⵜⵛⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ {{ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵯⴰⵖ|ⵛⴱⴰⵄⵖ}}.<br /><u>ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔⵓ</u>: ⵓⵔ {{ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ|ⵔⵎⵉⵙⵖ}}, ⵉⵙ {{ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ|ⵜⵎⵎⴽⵍⵓⴷ}}, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴻⵜⵛⴰⵖ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ {{ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ| ⵊⵊⵉⵡⵏⵖ}} <br /> <u>ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ</u> ⵜⵉⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ "ⴼⵀⵎ/ⵍⵖⴷⴰ/ⵛⴱⵄ" ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ.
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{{ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ|[[wikt:|ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ]] '''·''' [[ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ/3|ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ]]}}
<noinclude>{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ}}
b04klqpsb3aymch4zycw4m3zbqmr4nx
ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ/2 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ
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2026-06-02T15:50:25Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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{{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text=ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ, ⴷ ⵀⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ|author=ⵔⵓⵏⴰⵍⴷ ⵔⵉⴳⴰⵏ|source=}}
5i3pyoiodj7b6a61z8pvelqltq1w0zn
ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ/3 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ
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2026-06-03T11:37:03Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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{{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text= ⵓⵔ ⵜⵥⴹⴰⵕⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵔⵎⵙⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵙ ⵡⵓⵖⵓⵍ ⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵍⴰⵇ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵢⵉⴷⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵙ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ|author=ⵙⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴽⵉⵔⴽⴳⴰⵔⴷ|source=}}
hix650kjfsjfq3q7w3z8bxorrs025wp
ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⴰⵎ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ/2 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ
4
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2026-06-02T15:53:00Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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'''[[2 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]]:'''
*'''1916:''' ⴰⵙⵅⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵏ ⴷⵡⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵀⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⴷⵓⵡⴰⵔⵉ.
*'''1993:''' ⵜⵉⵡⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵖⴰⵙ ⵟⴰⵀⵕ ⵊⵄⵓⵟ.
*'''2011:''' ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ [[ⵢⴼⵔⵏ]] ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵇⴷⴰⴼⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵓⴽⵣⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⵄⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⵉⵏ.
c1of6u1t67vyi08bmgw236kyii4tssp
ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⴰⵎ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ/3 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ
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2026-06-03T11:39:22Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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'''[[3 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ]]'''
*'''1973:''' ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵚⴰⵍⵃⵉ ⵍⵃⴰⵊⵊ ⴳ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]] ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵔⴳⴰⵣ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ.
m8ommpfffefj8tjt1iyyp7nl7l9zzcz
ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ
0
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2026-06-03T00:45:58Z
InternetArchiveBot
96
Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5
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{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵚⴱⵃⴰⵏ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ = ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ
| ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ = ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ.jpg
<!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ -->
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ =
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ = [[ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ]]
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ = 1987
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ =
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ = ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = 2013
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ = [[ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = [[ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ]]
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ = [[ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ]] ⵏⵖ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ]]
| ⵜⵉⴼⵉⴼⵖⵜ = 2013
<!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ -->
| ⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉ = ⵉⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵡⵏⴳⵎ ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ = [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]]
| ⴰⵎⵣⴰⵣ =
| ⵜⵙⵡⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ =
| ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵙⴳ =
| ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵉ =
| ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ = ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ (2013)
<!-- ⵜⴰⵏⴽⴷⴰ -->
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵣ = ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏ
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵯⵣⵎⴰⵏ = ⵢⴰⵏ
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ = 72
| ⴰⵙⵖⴰⵍ = 18 X 11.5 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎⵉⵜⵔ
<!-- ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ -->
| ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ =
| ⴰⵎⵙⵡⵍⴼ =
| ⴰⵎⵙⴰⴳⴳⵓ =
| ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ =
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵏⵖ =
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵢⴰⵍⵍⴼⵓⵙⵏ =
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵡⵓⵔⵜ =
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ =
<!-- ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ -->
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵖⵍ=
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ =
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ =
| ISBN ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ =
| ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ ⴳ ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ =
<!-- ⵉⵙⵖⵡⴰⵏ -->
| ISBN = 978-9954-9445-2-3
| ISBN2 =
| ⵓⴽⵍⵙ= <!-- OCLC -->
| ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ = <!-- Goodreads -->
| ⴷⵉⵡⵉ = <!-- Dewey -->
| ⴰⴽⵓⵏⴳⵔⵉⵙ = <!-- congress -->
| ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵙⴰⴳⵎ =
| ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ =
<!-- ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ-->
| ⴰⵎⴹⴼⵓⵕ = [[ⴱⴰⵕⴱⴰⵕⴰ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵓⵎⵓⵃ]]
| ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ = [[ⵀⴰ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵀⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ]]
}}
'''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ''' (ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ: '''ilkmimẓ azgzaw''') ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ|ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ]] [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ]] ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ [[ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ ⵉⵅⴼⴷⴷⵉ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵜ ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵓⵏⵉ ⵏ [[ⵜⵉⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ|ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ]] ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵏ ⵥⵓⵀⵕ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵏ ⵥⵓⵀⵕ]], ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ.
== ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ==
'''ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ''' (ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ: '''Moulaid El-Adnani''') ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ, ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍⵜ, ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵜⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1987 ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⵕⴹ ⵉⴷⴰⵡⴽⵏⵙⵓⵙ (ⴰⵙⵓⵏ)|ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵕⴹ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵡⴽⵏⵙⵓⵙ]], ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵔⵎ, ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵔⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ|ⵜⵔⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ]]. ⵜⴹⴼⵕ ⴰⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵀⵓⵣⴰⵍⵉ, ⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵕⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵉ ⵍⴰⵔⴰⴽ, ⴷⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉ ⵙ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵏ ⵥⵓⵀⵕ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵏ ⵥⵓⵀⵕ]] ⴳ [[ⴰⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ|ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ]] ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ. ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⵜⵙⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ [[ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ|ⵜⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ]] ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵏ<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=572300082943084&id=260473914125704 ⵜⴰⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵉⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵚⵕⵉ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ''ⵍⵇⴰⵚⴰⴱⴰ'' ⴳ ⵡⴰⵔⵣⴰⵣⴰⵜ], 2016</ref>. ⵜⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ. ⵜⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵏ ⵎⴽ ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ.
== ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ==
[[File:ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ.jpg|thumb|ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ]]
ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ<ref>[https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/search/indexs?session=141607&&val=%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%96%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%9C&&e=0&&l=0 ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ, ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, DGLAI]</ref> ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵏⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ. ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ '''''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ''''' ⵜⵙⵜⵉ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜ ⵜⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴽⵯⵍⵓ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ. ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵉⵥⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⵎⴽⵍⴰⵡ [[ⵄⴰⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓ]], ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵏⵉⵖⵜ]] ⵉⵣⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ '''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ''', ⴷ ⵓⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ ⵉ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ '''ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ'''. ⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ. ⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ : [[ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]. ⵉⵣⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ (ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ) ⵙ [[ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]].
ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⴰⵙ ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ '''''ⴳⵉⵖ''''' :
<blockquote>
ⴳⵉⵖ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ<br>
ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ<br>
ⴰⵔⵓⵖ ⵜⵓⴳⴰ<br>
ⴷ ⵡⴰⴼⴰⵔ<br>
ⴳⵉⵖ ⵉⴳⵏⵏⴰ<br>
ⴰⵔ ⵏⴰⵍⵍⴰ<br>
ⴼ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ…<br>
ⴳⵉⵖ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ<br>
ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⴳⵉⴳⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ<br>
ⴳⵉⵖ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ… ! <br>
</blockquote>
ⴳ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ, ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ (20 ⵏ ⴷⵔⵀⵎ).
== ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ==
ⵜⵙⵜⵉ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⵉ ⵜⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ'', ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵚⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ: ''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵣ'', ⴷ ''ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ''; ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⵣⵍ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵉⵏⵓⵎⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ:
*''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ'': ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴰⵎⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏ, ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵔⴳⵉⵏ''<ref>[https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/search/indexs?session=136960&&val=%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%A5&&e=0&&l=0 ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ, ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, DGLAI]</ref><ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0.jpg ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ]</ref>, ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ ⵉⴽⵜⵉⵏ.
*''ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ'': ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏ,ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ, ⵉⵔⴱⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴳⵣⵓⵜ<ref>[https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/search/indexs?session=135206&&val=%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A3%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%A3%E2%B4%B0&&e=0&&l=0 ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ, ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, DGLAI]</ref>.
ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ'', ⵉⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎ ⵅⴼ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵉⵏ, ⴳⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎ; ''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵣ'' ⴷ, ''ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ'', ⵔⴱⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵎⴰⴽ ⵉⵏⵎⴳⴰⵍⵏ; ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏⵓⵊⴷⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⴷⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵔⴱⴰ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵣ'', ⴷ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵔⴱⴰ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵙ ''ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ'', ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵖ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵢⵓⴳⴰ ⵏ ''ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ/ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ'' ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵎⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵡⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ. ⴰⵡⵏⵏⵉ ''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ''ⴰⵔ ⴰⵖ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵥ ⵉ ⵉⵏⵓⵎⴰⴽ ⴰⵎ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⵓⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ, ⵏⵉⵖ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵍⴰⵍⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ.
== ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ==
[[File:ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ.jpg|thumb|ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴳ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ]]
ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵎⵎⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⵉⴳⵏ, [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ]] ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵊⵕⵓⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ]], ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏ ⵜⵕⵥⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⵙⵍ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵖⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷⴰⵡⴽⵏⵙⵓⵙ, ⵖⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵎⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵉⵛⵏⴰⵏ.
ⴳ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰⵏ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵥⴰⵜ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵡⵍⵏ ⵙ ''ⵎⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴽⵢⵢⵉⵏ'':
<blockquote>
ⵎⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴽⵢⵢⵉⵏ<br>
ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵖ ⵢⵓⴼⴰ ⵡⵓⵍ<br>
ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵏⴼ ⵉ ⵜⴳⵓⴹⵉ<br>
ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵖ ⵢⵓⴼⴰ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ<br>
ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵏⴼ ⵉ ⵜⴹⵓⵕⵉ<br>
ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵖ ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ<br>
ⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵥⵓⴹⵉ<br>
</blockquote>
=== ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ===
ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ'' ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ|ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ]]: [[ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⴽⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵔⵔⴰ, ⵖⵉⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⴽ ⵉ ⵉⵍⴳⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵙ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]].
== ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ==
ⵢⵓⵎⴰ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ '''''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ''''' ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵥⴰ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵔⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ.
ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵓⵙⴳⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⴰⴳⵏⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ (70) ; ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵛⴽⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵔⴱⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵡⴰⵍⴰ:
[[File:ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓⵜ.jpg|thumb|ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓⵜ]]
# ⵕⵎⵉⵖ
# ⴳⵉⵖ…
# ⵎⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴽⵢⵢⵉⵏ
# ⵉⵖ
# ⵉⵖⴷ ⵎⵍⵍⵉⵍⵏ
# ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵉⵏⵓ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵉⵏⵓ
# ⴰⵏⴳⵍⵓⵙ ⵉⵏⵓ
# ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵏⴰ
# ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ
# ⵎⴰⵅ
# ⴰⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵜ
# ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵍⵍ ⵓⵔ ⴽⵎ ⴼⴼⴰⵍⵖ
# ⵜⴰⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵜ
# ⴰⵙⴰⴼⴰⵔ
# ⵓⴼⴼ !
# ⴽⵎⵎⵉⵏ
# ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⵉ
# ⵎⴰⵏⵎⴽ ⴽ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉⵖ
# ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⴳⵉⵖ… ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵔⵉⵖ ?
ⵜⵓⵚⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ, ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ : ⴷⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ : ''ⵕⵎⵉⵖ'', ''ⴳⵉⵖ'', ''ⵉⵖ'', ''ⵎⴰⵅ'', ''ⵜⴰⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵜ'', ''ⴰⵙⴰⴼⴰⵔ'', ''ⵓⴼⴼ'', ''ⴽⵎⵎⵉⵏ''. ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴱⴹⴰⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ, ⴳⵉⵙⵏ : ⴰⵎⵢⴰⴳ ⴰⵎ : ''ⵕⵎⵉⵖ'' ; ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴰⵎ : ''ⵜⴰⴳⵯⵎⴰⵔⵜ'' ; ⵜⴰⵙⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⴰⵎ : ''ⵉⵖ'' ; ⴰⵙⵇⵙⴰⵢ ⴰⵎ : ''ⵎⴰⵅ'' ; ⴷ ⵓⵎⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎ : ''ⴽⵎⵎⵉⵏ''.
ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ : ''ⵎⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴽⵢⵢⵉⵏ'', ''ⵉⵖⴷ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍⵏ'', ''ⴰⵃⵡⴰⵛ ⵉⵏⵓ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵅⴼ ⵉⵏⵓ'', ''ⴰⵏⴳⵍⵓⵙ ⵉⵏⵓ'', ''ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵏⴰ'', ''ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ'', ⴰ''ⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵜ'', ''ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵍⵍ ⵓⵔ ⴽⵎ ⴼⴼⴰⵍⵖ'', ''ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⵉ'', ''ⵎⴰⵏⵎⴽ ⴽ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉⵖ'', ''ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⴳⵉⵖ… ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵔⵉⵖ ?''
ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ, ⴷⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ, ⵙⴳⵉⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ; ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ: ''ⵉⵖⴷ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍⵏ''. ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⴳⴰⵏⵜ, ⴰⵎ:''ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵍⵍ ⵓⵔ ⴽⵎ ⴼⴼⴰⵍⵖ''. ⵖⵉⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵇⵙⴰⵢⵜ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ:''ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⴳⵉⵖ… ⵎⴰⵏⵉ ⵔⵉⵖ ?''
== ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ==
ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013 ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ, ⴼⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ<ref>''ⴱⴰⵕⴱⴰⵕⴰ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵓⵎⵓⵃ'', ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ, ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, 2023.</ref> ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴷⵍⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ; ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ, ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ, ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵖ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ''ⴱⴰⵕⴱⴰⵕⴰ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵓⵎⵓⵃ'' ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2023 :
[[File:ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ.jpg|thumb|ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ]]
=== ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ===
ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ:
* ''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ'', ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013
* ''ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⴷⵉ'', ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2017
=== ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ===
ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ:
* ''ⵀⴰ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ... ⵀⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ'', ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2015
* ''ⵉⵏⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ
* ''ⴰⴷⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵛⵛⵏ'', ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2020
* ''ⴱⴰⵕⴱⴰⵕⴰ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵓⵎⵓⵃ'', ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2023
===ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ===
ⵜⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ:
* ''ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴽⵙⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵔⵉⵎ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2017, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ
* ''ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ'', (ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴷ [[ⵊⴰⵎⵉⵍⴰ ⵉⵔⵉⵣⵉ]]) , ⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵏ ''animal farm'' ⵏ [[ⵊⵓⵕⵊ ⵓⵔⵡⵉⵍⵍ]] (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ ''George Orwell'') ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2018, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ
== ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ==
ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=260370865031741&vanity=AITKORBAN&locale=hi_IN ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵔⵉⴷⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ]</ref> :
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ''ⵉⴼⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ'', ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2012
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ''ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ'', ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013, ⵙ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ''ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0.jpg ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ], 2013</ref>
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ''ⵍⵃⵓⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵊⴰⵏⵟⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⵙⵔⵇⴱⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ'', ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2015
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ''ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵅⴰⵢⵔ ⴷⴷⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ'', ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2019
* [[ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251108012642/https://mjcc.gov.ma/ar/%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%84-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85-%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-2/ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ + ⴰⵏⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ], 2019</ref>, ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2019, ⵙ ⵡⵓⵏⴳⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ''ⵉⵏⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏ''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230329031017/https://mjcc.gov.ma/ar/%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AC-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-2019/ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ], 2019</ref><ref>[https://www.hespress.com/%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%A7-518030.html/ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ_ⵀⵉⵙⴱⵔⵉⵙ], 2019</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20260204172253/https://alittihad.info/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B4-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD-%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%86%D8%B3/ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ_ⴰⵍⵉⵜⵜⵉⵃⴰⴷⴰⵏⴼⵓ], 2019</ref>.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==
* [[ⵎⵍⵄⵉⴷ ⵍⵄⴷⵏⴰⵏⵉ]]
* [[ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ]]
* [[ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ]]
* [[ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵔⵓ]]
* [[ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴰⵔ]]
* [[ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ]]
* [[ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ]]
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ| ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ | ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰ | ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ |ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ | ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ | ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵙ | ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ 2013}}
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}}'''ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵍⵄⴰⵍⴰⵎⵉ''' (1930-2000) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵉⴹⴼⵕⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔⵏ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜ ⴱⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⴽⵯⵜⵜⵉ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ .<ref>'''[https://web.archive.org/web/20260204011537/https://alittihad.info/%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%89-20-%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA/ ⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵍⵄⴰⵍⴰⵎⵉ]'''</ref>
== ⴰⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ==
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵡ[[ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵏⴼⴰ|ⴰⵏⴼⴰ]] (ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ) ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1930, ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓ. ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵡⴰⴹ ⴰⴷⵉⵏⴰⵏ/ⵍⵄⵡⵡⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴽⵓⵎⵔⴰⵡ, ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵡⴰⵀⵀⴰⴱ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵎ ⴽⵍⵜⵓⵎ ⴷⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵖⵓⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵣⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴷ ⵜⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ "ⵎⴰ ⴰⵃⵍⴰ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵏ/ⵉⴽⴰⴷ ⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵏ" ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1957; ⴷ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵊⵓⵇ/ⵜⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1967; ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⵙ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ [[ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵄⵉⵍ ⴰⵃⵎⴰⴷ]]... . ⴷ ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ.
== ⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ==
ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵍⵄⴰⵍⴰⵎⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⵍ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵖⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴼⴰⵍⴽⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ. ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔ/ⵢⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵏⴰⴳⵍⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⴷⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙⵏ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵎⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ. ⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵍⵓⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴽⵓⵎ/ⵓⵙⵍⴱⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵍⵖⴰⵏⵜ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵍⴽⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵉ ⵜⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰⵏⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴱⵔⵉⴷⵜ ⵉⵥⵉⵍⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵍⵙⵏ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵣⵎⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⵖⵓ/ⵉⵙⵏⴰⵢ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵢⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴽⵔⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵏⵎⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ. ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵍⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⴷⵇⵇⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛⵉⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵍⵖⴰⵜ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ "ⴼⵙⵉ ⴰ ⵡⵓⵍ ⵉⵏⵓ ⴼⵙⵉ", ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ "ⵓⵍ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ ⴽⵙⵏ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵔⵡⵍⵏ ⵙⴳⵉ, ⵎⵎⴰⵖⵏ ⴷⵉⵜⵉ ⴷ ⵔⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴱⵍⴰ ⵏⴽⴽ, ⵏⵜⵜⵏⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵉⵙⵎⵔⵔⵜⵏ". ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵉⵖⴼ ⴱⵓⵔⵇⵉⴱⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵙⵎⵖⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⴱⵖⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴽⵜⵓⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ.<ref>'''[https://www.maghress.com/almassae/28260#google_vignette ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵄⴰⵍⴰⵎⵉ (ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ)]'''</ref><ref>'''[https://web.archive.org/web/20160314180341/http://www.zamanalwasl.net/forums/showthread.php?498-%C5%C8%D1%C7%E5%ED%E3-%C7%E1%DA%E1%E3%ED ⵉⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵍⵄⴰⵍⴰⵎⵉ]'''</ref>
== ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ==
ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵍⵄⴰⵍⴰⵎⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2000 ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ 70 ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵏ.
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==
* '''[[ⵍⵃⴰⵊⵊ ⴱⵍⵄⵉⴷ]]'''
* [[ⵎⴱⴰⵔⴽ ⴰⵢⵙⵙⴰⵔ|'''ⵎⴱⴰⵕⴽ ⴰⵢⵙⵙⴰⵔ''']]
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴳ |ⵜⴰⵥⵓⵕⵉ |ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ |ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ }}
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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{{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴼⴰⵍⴽⴰⵢ}}
{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ = ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ
| ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ = [[File:ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ.jpg|thumb|ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ]]
<!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ -->
| ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰⵏ =
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ = [[ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ]]
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ = 03/03/1976
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ =
| ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ = ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = 2013
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ = [[ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]
| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ = [[ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ]]
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ = [[ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ]] ⵏⵖ [[ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ]]
| ⵜⵉⴼⵉⴼⵖⵜ = 2013
<!-- ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ -->
| ⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉ = ⵜⵉⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ
| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ = [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]]
| ⴰⵎⵣⴰⵣ =
| ⵜⵙⵡⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ =
| ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵙⴳ =
| ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵉ =
| ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ = ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ (2013)
<!-- ⵜⴰⵏⴽⴷⴰ -->
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴳⴳⵣ = ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏ
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵯⵣⵎⴰⵏ = ⵢⴰⵏ
| ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ = 70
| ⴰⵙⵖⴰⵍ = 18 X 11.5 ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎⵉⵜⵔ
<!-- ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⵓⵜ -->
| ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ =
| ⴰⵎⵙⵡⵍⴼ =
| ⴰⵎⵙⴰⴳⴳⵓ =
| ⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ =
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵏⵖ =
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵢⴰⵍⵍⴼⵓⵙⵏ =
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵡⵓⵔⵜ =
| ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴳⴰⵍⵜ =
<!-- ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ -->
| ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⵖⵍ=
| ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ =
| ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ =
| ISBN ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ =
| ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵖⵍⵜ ⴳ ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ =
<!-- ⵉⵙⵖⵡⴰⵏ -->
| ISBN = 978-9954-9219-9-9
| ISBN2 =
| ⵓⴽⵍⵙ= <!-- OCLC -->
| ⴳⵓⴷⵔⵉⴷⵣ = <!-- Goodreads -->
| ⴷⵉⵡⵉ = <!-- Dewey -->
| ⴰⴽⵓⵏⴳⵔⵉⵙ = <!-- congress -->
| ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵙⴰⴳⵎ =
| ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⵓⴷ =
<!-- ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ-->
| ⴰⵎⴹⴼⵓⵕ =
| ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ =
}}
'''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ''' (ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ: '''kra n tfras''') ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ|ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ]] [[ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ]] ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵉⵙⵜ|ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵉⵙⵜ]] [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ]] ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ [[ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ]] ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵉⵅⴼⴷⴷⵉ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ, ⴷⴼⴼⵉⵔ ⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⴷ ⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 2003, 2008 ⴷ 2010.<ref name=":0"> [https://rachafatcinema.blogspot.com/p/blog-page_73.html?m=1 ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ], ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 19/10/2025]</ref>
== ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ==
'''ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ''' (ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ: '''Abdellah Elmannani''') ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 3 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1976 ⴳ [[ⵉⵏⵣⴳⴳⴰⵏ]]. ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⴳ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ, ⴳ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2003, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙ ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ. ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ, ⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ.
ⵢⵉⵡⵉ ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ, ⵉⴳ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ, ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⴰⵜ| ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⴰⴼ ⵉ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⴰⵜ]], ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ [[ⴰⵏⵎⴰⵍⵍⵓ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ |ⵓⵏⵎⴰⵍⵍⵓ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ]]. <ref name=":0" /> <ref name=":1">[https://tiznit24.com/?p=27859 ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⴰⵙ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ], ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 19/10/2025]</ref>
== ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ==
[[File:ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ.jpg|thumb|ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ]]
ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ '''''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ''''' ⵉⵙⵜⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜ ⵉⴷⵍ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴽⵯⵍⵓ ⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⴼⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏⵏ ⵉⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵍⵉⵜⵛⵉⵏⵉ. ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜⵉⵥⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⵎⴽⵍⴰⵡ [[ⵄⴰⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵓ]], ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ [[ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵏⵉⵖⵜ]] ⵉⵣⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⴽⵯⵏⴰⵏ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵏⵉⵍⵉ. ⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵙ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ. ⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ, ⴷⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ : [[ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]. ⵉⵣⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ (ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ) ⵙ [[ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ|ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ]] ⵙ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ.<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99.jpg ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ]</ref>.
ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⵔ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵙ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵏ, ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⴰⵙ ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ, ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ (ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ) ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵉⴽⵯⵏⴰⵏ. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ '''''ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ''''' ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴳⵏⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ (43)<ref name=":2">''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ'', ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ, ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0_4_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%96%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%9C.jpg ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ]</ref>:
<blockquote>
ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⴷⵔ ⵉⴳⴳⵉⴳ ⵖ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⵏ, ⵢⴰⵙⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵖⴱⴰⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴳⵯⴰ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⴷⴷⵔ… ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴰⵣⵣⴰⵍⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ, ⵉⵙⵓ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳ, ⵙⵓⵏⵜ ⵓⵍⵍⵓ, ⵢⵓⵎⵔ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⵃⵓⵛⵏ ⵓⵔⵜⴰⵏ, ⵙⵔⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵏⴷⵉ ⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵉⵙⵏⵜ ⵎⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓⵏ… ⴽⵯⵏⵏⵉ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵖⴰⵔ : ⴰⵛⴽⵉ ⴷ ⵀⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳⵜ ⴰⵙⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴽⵉⵢⵢⵉ ⴰ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵉⵙ ⵜⵎⴹⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴹⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⴳⵯⴰ ! ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵖ ⵢⵓⵜ ⵉⵣⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵔⵓⵣ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⵡⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏⵎ ⵉⵖⵓⵢⵢⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼⵎ ⴰⴷ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵙⵉ ⵎⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ, ⵉⴼⵍ ⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵖⵕⴰⴹ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵜⴹⴼⵕⵎⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵡⴰⴷⴰ…<br>
</blockquote>
ⴳ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ, ⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⴰⵙⵉⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ (20 ⵏ ⴷⵔⵀⵎ).<ref name=":2" />
== ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ==
ⵉⵙⵜⵉ ⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⵉ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ'', ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵚⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ: ''ⴽⵔⴰ'', ⴷ ''ⵏ'' ⴷ ''ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ''; ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⵣⵍ ⵓⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⵓⵎⴰⴽ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ:
*''ⴽⵔⴰ'': ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴽⵜⴰⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵟⵟⴼ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ…<ref>[https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/search/indexs?session=136267&&val=%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0&&e=0&&l=0 ⴽⵔⴰ, ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, DGLAI]</ref>
*''ⵏ'': ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵖⵜ, ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ. <ref>[https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/search/indexs?session=137945&&val=%E2%B5%8F&&e=0&&l=0 ⵏ, ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, DGLAI]</ref>.
*''ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ'': ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵓⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵓⵜ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵓⵣ ; ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵓⵣⵍⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ. <ref>[https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/search/indexs?session=142601&&val=%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99&&e=0&&l=0 ⵜⵉⴼⵔⴰⵙ, ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, DGLAI]</ref>.
ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ'', ⴳⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎ; ''ⴽⵔⴰ'' ⴷ, ''ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ''. ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵣⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵣⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ''ⵏ'' ; ⴰⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽⴽ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵣⵍⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ''ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ'' ⵉⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎ ⵅⵖ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ.
== ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ==
[[File:ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ.jpg|thumb|ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ7]]
ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⴼⵙⵙⵓⵏ, ⵉⵎⵎⵉⵎⵏ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⵉⴳⵏ, [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ]] ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵊⵕⵓⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ]], ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏ ⵜⵕⵥⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⵙⵍ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵖⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵜⵡⵏⵏⵉⵜⵉⵏ.
ⴳ ⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰⵏ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵙⴰⵜ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵉⵙⵜⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ''ⴰⵖⴰⵏⵉⴱ ⴰⴳⵯⵔⵔⴰⵎ''<ref name=":2" />:
<blockquote>
ⵙⵙⵉ ⵍⵄⵔⴱⵉ ⵡⴰⵥ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵖ ⵉⵖⵔⵎ… ⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵉⵇⵣⵣ ⵢⴰⴷⴷ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵣⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴽⵚⵚⴰⴹ.. ⵉⵖ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵎⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵙⵙⵓⴷⵎⵏ ⴰⴼⵓⵙ .. ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵖ ⵉⵖⵔⵎ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⴰⵍⵍⵉⵜ ⴰⵎ «ⴳⴳⵓⵍⵖ ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⴰⴽ ⴷ ⴽⴽⴰⵖ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵉ ⵍⵄⵔⴱⵉ », ⵉⵊⵊⴰⵡⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵔⴰⴳⵉⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏⵜ ⵓⵎⵣⵖ ⵉⵎⵉⴽ ⵉⵏⵓ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵏⴽⴽⵉ .. ⵣⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵢⵉ ⵉⵥⵕⴰ ⵎⵃⵏⴷ ⵃⵔⴰ ⵔⵉⵖ ⴰⴷ ⴽⵛⵎⵖ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵉ ⵍⵄⵔⴱⵉ, ⵢⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵜ ⵉ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵖⵔⵎ: <ⵀⴰ ⵏⵏ ⵢⴰⴷⵍⵍⵉ ⵃⵎⵎⵓ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵔⵇⵇⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵙⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵉ ⵍⵄⵔⴱⵉ ⴰⵇⴷⴷⴰⵛ ⴱⵓ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵔⵏ »,<br>
</blockquote>
=== ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ===
ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ'' ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ|ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ]]: [[ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]
<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%99_%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B4%BD%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8D_%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%89_%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99.jpg ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ, ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ,ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ7]</ref>
. ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵜ ⵓⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵉⵣⵔⴽⵏ ⵙ ⴰⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵢⵓⴼⴰ ⵉ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵔⵔⴰ, ⵖⵉⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⴽ ⵉ ⵉⵍⴳⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵙ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]].
== ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ==
ⵢⵓⵎⴰ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ '''''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ''''' ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵔⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰⵍ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ.
ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ '''''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ''''' ⵔⴱⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵡⴰⵍⴰ ; ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⵓⵙⴳⴱⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ, ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⴰⴳⵏⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴰ (67) ;
[[File:ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ 4 ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ.jpg|thumb|ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ]]
# ⴰⵖⴰⵏⵉⴱ ⴰⴳⵯⵔⵔⴰⵎ
# ⴱⵓ ⵜⴷⵓⵍⵉ
# ⴰⵜⵉⴳ
# ⵜⴰⵢⴷⵉⵜ
# ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ
# ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ
# ⵉⵊⵉⵡⵉ
# ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵖ
# ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ
# ⵉⵍⵍ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵎⵏ
# ⴰⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙ
# ⵄⵙⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵜⵕⵓⵎⵉⵜ
# ⵄⵙⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵕⵓⵎⵉ
ⵜⵓⵚⴽⵉⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ, ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ : ⴷⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ : ''ⴰⵜⵉⴳ'', ''ⵜⴰⵢⴷⵉⵜ'', ''ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ'', ''ⵉⵊⵉⵡⵉ'', ⴷ ''ⴰⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙ ''. ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ, ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴰⵎⴰⵢ ⴰⵎ : ''ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ'' ; ⴷ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵓⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⵎ : ''ⵜⴰⵢⴷⵉⵜ''.
ⵎⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ : ''ⴰⵖⴰⵏⵉⴱ ⴰⴳⵯⵔⵔⴰⵎ'', ''ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ'', ''ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵖ'', ''ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ'', ''ⵉⵍⵍ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵎⵏ'', ''ⵄⵙⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵜⵕⵓⵎⵉⵜ'', ⴰ''ⵄⵙⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵕⵓⵎⵉ''.
ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵍ, ⴷⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ
== ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ==
ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2003 ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ, ⴼⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⴼⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ<ref name=":0" /> :
=== ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ===
ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ:
* ''ⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2003
* ''ⵓⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵟⵟⴰ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008
* ''ⵜⵉⵎⵇⵇⴰ ⵏ ⴼⴰⴷ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2010, ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵓⵙ]]
* ''ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⵜ ⵙ ⵉⵣⵍⴰⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2014
* ''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵍⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵎ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2019
=== ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ===
ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ:
* ''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ'', ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013
==ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓⵜⵏ==
ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵙⴳⵉⵙⵏ <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />:
* ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ''ⵜⵉⵏⵉⴳⵉⵜ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2003, ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ [[ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵄⵣⵉⵣ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵢⵃ]]
* ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ''ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵉⵜ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2005, ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ [[ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵛⴰⴽⵉⵔⵉ]]
* ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ''ⵜⴰⵡⵚⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵏⵜⵔⵉ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2006, ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ [[ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵛⴰⴽⵉⵔⵉ]]
* ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⵜⵍⴼⴰⵣ ''ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵉⵙⵔ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013", ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ [[ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⴰⵥⴰⵕ]]
* ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴰⵜⵍⴼⴰⵣ ''ⵀⵎⵎⵓ ⴱⵓ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ'', ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2014, ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵚⵟⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⵛⴰⵡⵔ]]
ⴷ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵉⴷⵢⵓ, ⴷ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵜⵍⴼⴰⵣⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]] ⵜⵉⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵜ.
== ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ==
[[File:ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ 2013.jpg|thumb| ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ, 2013]]
ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ <<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />: ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ, ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓ:
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ''ⵜⵉⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢⵜ'', ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2004, ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ''ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢⵜ'', ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2005, ⴳ ⵜⵎⵣⵉⵣⵣⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ''ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢⵜ'', ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2006, ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴷ ⵍⵄⵓⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ''ⵓⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵟⵟⴰ''ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2008<ref>[https://www.ircam.ma/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85-%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-2008/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%A9 ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ], 2008</ref>
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ''ⵉⵙⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ'' ⵉ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓ ⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢ, ⴳ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2010
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ''ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ'' ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ, ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013, ⵙ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ ''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%BC%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%96%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0_2013.jpg ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵜ], 2013</ref>
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ''ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓ'' ⴳ ⵓⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴼⵉⵙⵜⵉⴼⴰⵍ ⴰⵙⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ, ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013
* ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2014, ⵙ ⵜⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ''ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⵜ ⵙ ⵉⵣⵍⴰⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵏⵓ''<ref>[https://www.ircam.ma/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85-%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-2014/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%A9 ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ], 2014</ref>
* [[ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ]], ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ, ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2020, ⵙ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ''ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵍⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⵎ''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251013175224/https://mjcc.gov.ma/ar/%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AC-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-2020-2/ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ], 2020</ref> <ref>[https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=2zcmTD58yB0&pp=0gcJCR4Bo7VqN5tD ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ], 2020</ref>
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==
* [[ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵍⵎⵏⵏⴰⵏⵉ]]
* [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓⵙⵓⵙ]]
* [[ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵉⵎⵥ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ]]
* [[ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ]]
* [[ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⴳⵯⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵔⵓ]]
* [[ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵔⴰⵔ]]
* [[ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ]]
* [[ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ]]
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ==
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ| ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ | ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰ | ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |ⵜⵓⵍⵍⵉⵙⵉⵏ |ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ | ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ | ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵙ | ⵉⴷⵍⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ 2013}}
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}}
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ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴼⴰⵍⴽⴰⵢ/3
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'''[[ⴰⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⵍⵎⵏⵚⵓⵕ ⴷⴷⵀⴱⵉ]]''' ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴼⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵎⵓⵍⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵔⵏⴰ ⴱⵓ ⵄⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⵓ ⵉⵎⴰⵎ ⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⴰⴱⵉ ⵄⴰⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵓ ⵎⵀⴷⵉ ⵍⵅⴰⵍⵉⴼⴰ ⵉⴱⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⵛ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1549 ⴳ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳ 25 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1603, ⵉⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵛⵛⵔⵉⴼⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵄⴷⵉⵢⵏ. ⵙⵜⵉⵏ ⵜ ⴳ ⵓⴱⴰⵔⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴼⵉⵏ ( ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ: واد المخازن ), ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵢⵏⴰⵙ 4 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1578 ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴳⵯⵎⴰⵙ ⵚⵓⵍⵟⴰⵏ ⵄⴰⴱⴷⵍⵎⴰⵍⵉⴽ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ, ⴷ ⴷⵉⵏⵏ ⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵍⵎⵏⵚⵓⵕ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵎⵖⵏⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴷⵔⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, "ⴷⴷⵀⴱⵉ" ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵓⵔⵖ , ⵄⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵓⵏⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍⵏ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵅⵏⴷⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵄⵓⵜⵎⴰⵏⵉⵢⵉⵏ.
ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴰⵚⵓⵍⵟⴰⵏ ⴰⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⵍⵎⵏⵚⵓⵕ ⴷⴷⵀⴱⵉ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵚⴹⵉⴹ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ, ⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵄⴷⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⴱⵓⵖⵍⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵥⴽⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵜ, ⵜⵎⵖⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⵊⵔ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⵣⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵚⴰⵄⵉⴹ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵚⵕⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ,ⴷ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⵉⵏⴷⵍⴰⵙ.
{{ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ |[[ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ/ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴼⴰⵍⴽⴰⵢ/3|ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ]] '''.'''[[ⴰⵃⵎⴰⴷ ⵍⵎⵏⵚⵓⵕ ⴷⴷⵀⴱⵉ|ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ]]}}
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ⴱⵓⵢⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ
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2026-06-02T15:45:08Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵙⴳ [[ⴱⵉⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ]] ⵖⵔ [[ⴱⵓⵢⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ]]
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{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
'''ⴱⵓⵢⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵉⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵓⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵓⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⴱⵓⵡⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵓ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵓ ⵢⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⴷⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ|ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ]]: ⴱⵓⵊⵍⵍⵓⴷ/بوجلود''')''' ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⴷⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]],ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⵙⴽⴰ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵙⵙ. ⵉⵃⵏⵊⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵍⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⵙⴽⴰ ⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⵉⴷⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵏⵣⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⵙⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵙⵉⵙⵏ ⴽⴽⴰⵜⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴱⵔⵉⴷⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=chouaib |date=2026-05-27 |title=من القرية إلى المدينة .. "بوجلود" يحافظ على الروح وسط تحولات العصر |url=https://www.hespress.com/%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF-%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8-%D8%B9%D9%84-1753526.html |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Hespress - هسبريس جريدة إلكترونية مغربية |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=videoyoutube |date=2026-05-28 |title=استعدادات بوجلود في أكادير |url=https://www.hespress.com/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1-1754104.html |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Hespress - هسبريس جريدة إلكترونية مغربية |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=الآن |first=المغرب |date=2024-06-18 |title=ظاهرة بوجلود بين المأثور الحقيقي والابداع الزائف |url=https://alaan.ma/?p=56203 |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=المغرب الآن |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Culture et traditions: Bilmawen, la créature païenne de l’Aid El Kebir |url=https://fr.le360.ma/lifestyle/culture-et-traditions-bilmawen-la-creature-paienne-de-laid-el-kebir-172183/ |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Le 360 Français |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Made in City - Lieux inspirants pour (re)découvrir la ville |url=https://www.madein.city/fr/ |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=www.madein.city |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=Amraoui |first=Ahmed El |title=Boujloud: Morocco’s unique Halloween |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2014/10/14/boujloud-moroccos-unique-halloween |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref>
== ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ==
ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵔⵉ «ⴱⵉⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ» ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ:
* ''ⴱⵉ'' ⵏⵖ ''ⴱⵓ'': ⵢⵓⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵢⵓⵙⵉ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ''ⴱⴰⴱ'' ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ.
* ⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ : ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵓⵜ ⵏ « ⵉⵍⵎ ».
ⵉⴳ ⵏⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⴰⵖ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ « ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ».
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==
* [[ⵉⵎⵄⵛⴰⵕ]]
* [[ⵀⵔⵔⵎⴰ]]
* [[ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵔⵜ]]
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ |ⴱⵓⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ |ⵜⴰⴼⴰⵙⴽⴰ }}
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2026-06-02T16:00:22Z
ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
10568
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{{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}}
'''ⴱⵓⵢⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵓⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵓⵡⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵓ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵓ ⵢⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⴱⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ''' (ⵙ [[ⴷⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ|ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⵜ]]: ⴱⵓⵊⵍⵍⵓⴷ/بوجلود''')''' ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⴷⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]],ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⵙⴽⴰ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵢⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵙⵙ. ⵉⵃⵏⵊⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵍⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴼⴰⵡⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⵙⴽⴰ ⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⵉⴷⵙⵏ ⵉⴼⵏⵣⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⵙⴽⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵙⵉⵙⵏ ⴽⴽⴰⵜⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴱⵔⵉⴷⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=chouaib |date=2026-05-27 |title=من القرية إلى المدينة .. "بوجلود" يحافظ على الروح وسط تحولات العصر |url=https://www.hespress.com/%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF-%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8-%D8%B9%D9%84-1753526.html |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Hespress - هسبريس جريدة إلكترونية مغربية |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=videoyoutube |date=2026-05-28 |title=استعدادات بوجلود في أكادير |url=https://www.hespress.com/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1-1754104.html |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Hespress - هسبريس جريدة إلكترونية مغربية |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=الآن |first=المغرب |date=2024-06-18 |title=ظاهرة بوجلود بين المأثور الحقيقي والابداع الزائف |url=https://alaan.ma/?p=56203 |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=المغرب الآن |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Culture et traditions: Bilmawen, la créature païenne de l’Aid El Kebir |url=https://fr.le360.ma/lifestyle/culture-et-traditions-bilmawen-la-creature-paienne-de-laid-el-kebir-172183/ |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Le 360 Français |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Made in City - Lieux inspirants pour (re)découvrir la ville |url=https://www.madein.city/fr/ |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=www.madein.city |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=Amraoui |first=Ahmed El |title=Boujloud: Morocco’s unique Halloween |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2014/10/14/boujloud-moroccos-unique-halloween |access-date=2026-05-29 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref>
== ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ==
ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵔⵉ «ⴱⵉⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ» ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ:
* ''ⴱⵉ'' ⵏⵖ ''ⴱⵓ'': ⵢⵓⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⵢⵓⵙⵉ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ''ⴱⴰⴱ'' ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ.
* ⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ : ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵓⵜ ⵏ « ⵉⵍⵎ ».
ⵉⴳ ⵏⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵔ ⴰⵖ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ « ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ ».
== ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ==
* [[ⵉⵎⵄⵛⴰⵕ]]
* [[ⵀⵔⵔⵎⴰ]]
* [[ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵔⵜ]]
== ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ==
{{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}}
{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ |ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ |ⴱⵓⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ |ⵜⴰⴼⴰⵙⴽⴰ }}
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ⴱⵉⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ
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ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ
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ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵙⴳ [[ⴱⵉⵢⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ]] ⵖⵔ [[ⴱⵓⵢⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ]]
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wikitext
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#REDIRECT [[ⴱⵓⵢⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ]]
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