ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ zghwiki https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B1%E2%B4%B3 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.14 first-letter ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰⵡⵉⴽⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰⵡⵉⴽⵉ ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴱⵓⴹ ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3461 177622 148062 2026-08-09T02:04:35Z DimiDimi 31639 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Euronews. logo 2016 alternative version 2.png]] → [[File:Euronews 2022.svg]] newer version 177622 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{Infobox|above=|abovestyle=|data11=ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1992|label11=ⵉⴱⴰⵢⵏ ⵖ|data12=ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ · ⵔⴰⴷⵢⵓ · ⵓⵏⵍⴰⵢⵏ|label12=ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ|data13=[[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]]|label13=ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ|image1=[[File:France.tv_-_logo_2022.svg|200px]]|header1=|headerstyle=background-color: #eee;|caption4=|data21=[https://www.france.tv/ france·tv]|header20=ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴱ|header14=|label15=ⵉⵎⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵜⵏ|data15=9,050 (2021)|label16=ⴰⵏⴰⵡ|data16=ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ|data14=[[ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ]]|label14=ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ|title=ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ|image2=[[File:France_Télévisions_20150803.jpg|260px]]}}'''ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ''' (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: ''France Télévisions'') ⵏⴰⵖⴷ '''ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ·ⵜⵉⴼⵉ''', ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ ⵖ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ. ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ, [[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 2]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 3]], ⵎⵏⴱⵄⴷ ⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⵏⴷ ⵜⵉⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ, [[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 4]], [[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 5]], ⴷ [[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⴰⵏⵏⴼⵓ]]. ⵜⴼⴰⵖⴷ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 7 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1992, ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵖⴰⴽⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵎⵥⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵏⵏⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ, ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵃⵡⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵙⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 4 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2010.<ref>[https://opencorporates.com/companies/fr/432766947 "The Open Database Of The Corporate World - FRANCE TELEVISIONS"] [[https://web.archive.org/web/20201031020837/https://opencorporates.com/companies/fr/432766947 ⴰⵛⵉⴼ]]</ref> ==ⵜⵉⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ== ===ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ=== ====ⵜⵉⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ==== {| class="wikitable" !ⵍⵍⵓⴳⵓ !ⵜⵉⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ !ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⴰⴼⵓⵖ !ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:France 2 - logo 2018.svg|frameless|150x150px]] |'''[[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 2|France 2]] (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 2)''' | rowspan="2" |7 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1992 | rowspan="4" |100 % ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:France 3 - logo 2018.svg|frameless|150x150px]] |'''[[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 3|France 3]] (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 3)''' |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:France 4 - logo 2018.svg|frameless|149x149px]] |'''[[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 4|France 4]] (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 4)''' |31 ⵎⴰⵕⵚⵚ 2005 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:France 5 - logo 2018.svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''[[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 5|France 5]] (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 5)''' |7 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2002 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Franceinfo.svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''[[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⴰⵏⵏⴼⵓ|France Info]] (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⴰⵏⵏⴼⵓ)''' |1 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2016 |ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ, ⵔⴰⴷⵢⵓ ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ, ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵎⵓⵏⴹ, INA |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Logo TV5 Monde - 2021.svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''TV5 Monde (ⵜⵉⴼⵉ5 ⵎⵓⵏⴹ)''' |2 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1984 |49 % ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ 12,64 % ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵎⵓⵏⴹ + 6 ⵢⴰⴹⵏ |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Arte Logo 2011.svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''Arte (ⴰⵔⵔⵟ)''' |30 ⵎⴰⵢⵢⵓ 1992 |45 % ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ 25 % ⵉⵟⵟⴰ ⴼⵅⵓⵏⵚ 15 % ⵔⴰⴷⵢⵓ ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ, 15 % INA |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Euronews 2022.svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''Euronews (ⵓⵔⵔⵓ ⵏⵢⵓⵡⵣ)''' |<abbr>1</abbr> ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 1993 | rowspan="2" |88 % ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴳⵍⵓⴱⴱ ⵏⵉⵜⵡⵓⵔⴽⵙ 10,73 % ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵣⵢⵓⵏ + 23 ⵢⴰⴹⵏ |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Africanews logo.svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''Africanews (ⴰⴼⵔⵉⴽⴰ ⵏⵢⵓⵡⵣ''' |4 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2016 |- | |'''Planète+ Crime (ⴱⵍⴰⵏⵉⵜⵜ+ ⴽⵔⵉⵎⵎ)''' |27 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵔ 2007 |66 % ⴽⴰⵏⴰⵍ+ 34 % ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ |} ====ⵜⵉⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵡⵉⵏⵙ==== {| class="wikitable" !ⵍⵍⵓⴳⵓ !ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜ !ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ ⴰⴼⵓⵖ !ⵜⵏⵥⴰ ⵉ !ⵎⴰⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⵜⵏⵥⴰ |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:France24.png|center|frameless|89x89px]] |'''[[ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 24|France 24]] (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ 24)''' |30 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2005 |ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵎⵓⵏⴹ |2009 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Logo Gulli 2023.svg|center|frameless|94x94px]] |'''[[ⴳⵓⵍⵍⵉ|Gulli]] (ⴳⵓⵍⵍⵉ)''' |18 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2005 |ⵍⴰⵊⴰⴷⴷⵉⵔ ⴰⴽⵔⵉⴼ |29 ⴽⵟⵓⵔ 2014 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Histoire tv logo V2-RVB.jpg|center|frameless|148x148px]] |'''Histoire (ⵉⵙⵜⵡⴰⵖ)''' |14 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓ 1997 |ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ TF1 |<abbr>1</abbr> ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 2004 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Logo Mezzo (2023).svg|center|frameless|152x152px]] |'''Mezzo (ⵎⵉⵣⵣⵓ)''' |21 ⵎⴰⵕⵚ 1998 | rowspan="3" |ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵍⵉ ⵣⵉⴽⵓ ⵍⵓ ⴱⴰⵖⵉⵣⵢⵉⵏ (50 %) ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴽⴰⵏⴰⵍ+ (50 %) | rowspan="3" |17 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 2019 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Logo Mezzo Live (2023).svg|frameless|155x155px]] |'''Mezzo Live HD (ⵎⵉⵣⵣⵓ ⵍⴰⵢⴼ)''' |7 ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵍ 2010 |} ===ⴳ ⵓⵡⵉⴱ=== {| class="wikitable" !ⴰⵍⵓⴳⵓ !ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ !ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ !ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:France.tv - logo 2022.svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''France.tv (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ.ⵜⵉⴼⵉ)''' |ⴰⵔⵜⵙⵔⵓⵙ ⵉⵙⴰⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ |5 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 2010 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Franceinfo.svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''France Info (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⴰⵏⵏⴼⵓ)''' |ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ |ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2011 ⵙ ⵍⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ "francetv-info" ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ "France Info" ⵖ 24 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 2016 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:France.tv Sport (2018).svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''France.tv Sport (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ.ⵜⵉⴼⵉ ⵙⴱⵓⵔ)''' |ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵏⵏⵓⵏⵜ |ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 2016 |- | |'''Lumni (ⵍⵓⵎⵏⵉ)''' |ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴷ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ, ⵉⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ |ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2019 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:France.tv Slash (2018).svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''France.tv Slash (ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ.ⵜⵉⴼⵉ ⵙⵍⴰⵛⵛ)''' |ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰ ⵉ ⵉⵖⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵎⵇⵓⵔⵏ |ⵜⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⵏ 2018 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Logo Okoo.svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''[[ⵓⴽⴽⵓ|Okoo]] (ⵓⴽⴽⵓ)''' |ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵥⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵖⵔⵉⵎⵏ |ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2019 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:France.tv Culturebox (2018).svg|frameless|148x148px]] |'''Culturebox (ⴽⵓⵍⵜⵓⵔ ⴱⵓⴽⵙ)''' |ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ |ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 2013 |- | |'''Studio par France.tv slash (ⵙⵜⵓⴷⵢⵓ)''' |ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵡⵉⴱ |ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵔ 2012 ⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵣⵓⵎ ⵣⴳ "francetv-slash" ⵖ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵍ 2019 |- |[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Salto (streaming service logo).png|frameless|148x148px]] |'''Salto (ⵙⴰⵍⵜⵓ)''' |ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵔⵉ | |} ==ⵜⵉⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ== <gallery> France Télévisons logo 1992.png|7 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1992 - 31 ⵢⵓⵏⵢⵓ 2000 Logo von France Télévisions.png|7 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2002 - 6 ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵍ 2008 France Télévisions (ab 2008).svg|7 ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵍ 2008 - 4 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2011 France télévisions 2012 logo.svg|27 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵔ 2012 - 28 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2018 France.tv - logo 2022.svg|29 ⵎⴰⵔⵚⵚ 2022 - ⵖⵉⵍⴰ </gallery> ==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ== {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ|ⴼⵕⵓⵏⵚ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⴼⵉⵣⵢⵓⵏ|ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵥⵔⵉ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ}} {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}} fgyonoid2ob6i97qfz1qh1cq3fiu34r 0 5414 177630 151543 2026-08-09T10:20:09Z Lhoussine Bentayfaste 13 /* ⵜⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ */ 177630 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} {{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}} {{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⴰⵡⵔⵉⴽ|ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ=Kossmann2025.jpg|ⴰⵙⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ=5 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 1966|ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ=[[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ]]|ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ=[[ⵣⵓⴷⵍⴰⵔⵏ]], [[ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ]]|ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ=ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ|ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ=[[ⵜⵓⵜⴰⵍⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ]] <br />[[ⴰⵡⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ]]}} '''ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵏ ⴽⵓⵚⵎⴰⵏ''' (ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 5 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 1966<ref>"[https://hoogleraren.leidenuniv.nl/id/3893 Leidse hoogleraren - Kossmann, Maarten Gosling]" [Leiden Professors - Kossmann, Maarten Gosling]. ''University of Leiden'' (in Dutch). Retrieved 2019-02-11.</ref> ⵖ [[:ⵏ:ⵣⵓⵉⴷⵍⴰⵔⵏ|ⵣⵓⴷⵍⴰⵔⵏ]], ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴹⴰ) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⵓ [[ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ]], ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵖ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ]]. ⵖⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ]]<ref>"[https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/staffmembers/maarten-kossmann Maarten Kossmann]". ''Leiden University''. Retrieved 2019-02-11.</ref>. ==ⵜⴰⴱⵉⴱⵍⵢⵓⴳⵔⴰⴼⵉⵜ== * 1997. Grammaire du parler berbère de Figuig (Maroc oriental). * 1999. Essai sur la phonologie historique du berbère. * 2000. Esquisse grammaticale du rifain oriental. * 2000. A Study of Eastern Moroccan Fairy Tales. * 2010. Parallel System Borrowing: Parallel morphological systems due to the borrowing of paradigms. * 2011. A Grammar of Ayer Tuareg (Niger). * 2013. The Arabic Influence on Northern Berber. * 2014. On substratum: The history of the focus marker d in Jijel Arabic (Algeria). In: Carole de Féral, Maarten Kossmann & Mauro Tosco (eds.), ''In and Out of Africa. Languages in question. In honour of Robert Nicolaï. Volume 2. Language Contact and Language Change in Africa.'' * 2019. An Introduction to Tarifiyt Berber (Nador). ==ⵜⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ== {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵉⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵏ|ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴷⴷⵔⵏⵉⵏ |ⴰⵏⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ}} {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}} hi5vq9wf6a2bgv2d8dye7acqg71szlr 177631 177630 2026-08-09T10:20:57Z Lhoussine Bentayfaste 13 177631 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} {{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}} {{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}} '''ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵏ ⴽⵓⵚⵎⴰⵏ''' (ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 5 ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 1966<ref>"[https://hoogleraren.leidenuniv.nl/id/3893 Leidse hoogleraren - Kossmann, Maarten Gosling]" [Leiden Professors - Kossmann, Maarten Gosling]. ''University of Leiden'' (in Dutch). Retrieved 2019-02-11.</ref> ⵖ [[:ⵏ:ⵣⵓⵉⴷⵍⴰⵔⵏ|ⵣⵓⴷⵍⴰⵔⵏ]], ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴹⴰ) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⵓ [[ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ]], ⵉⴳ ⴰⵎⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵖ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ]]. ⵖⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ]]<ref>"[https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/staffmembers/maarten-kossmann Maarten Kossmann]". ''Leiden University''. Retrieved 2019-02-11.</ref>. ==ⵜⴰⴱⵉⴱⵍⵢⵓⴳⵔⴰⴼⵉⵜ== * 1997. Grammaire du parler berbère de Figuig (Maroc oriental). * 1999. Essai sur la phonologie historique du berbère. * 2000. Esquisse grammaticale du rifain oriental. * 2000. A Study of Eastern Moroccan Fairy Tales. * 2010. Parallel System Borrowing: Parallel morphological systems due to the borrowing of paradigms. * 2011. A Grammar of Ayer Tuareg (Niger). * 2013. The Arabic Influence on Northern Berber. * 2014. On substratum: The history of the focus marker d in Jijel Arabic (Algeria). In: Carole de Féral, Maarten Kossmann & Mauro Tosco (eds.), ''In and Out of Africa. Languages in question. In honour of Robert Nicolaï. Volume 2. Language Contact and Language Change in Africa.'' * 2019. An Introduction to Tarifiyt Berber (Nador). ==ⵜⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ== {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵉⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵏ|ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴷⴷⵔⵏⵉⵏ |ⴰⵏⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ}} {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}} pglf70hd1nvz88qd6l23atqlpjavq60 1 5654 177633 171033 2026-08-09T11:00:12Z ~2026-43984-28 49987 /* ⵓⵎⵉⵢ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵏ */ new section 177633 wikitext text/x-wiki == ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ == ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵎⴰⵛⵉ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ. ⵙⵉⵜⵉⵎⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵔ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⵉⵖ ⵜⴰⵔⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉ * ⵏⵔⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵓⵍ ⴰⵄⵔⴰⴱ ..ⵏⵥⵕⴰ ⴱⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⴷⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⴻⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ:Contributions/196.112.66.44|196.112.66.44]] 22:43, 18 February 2018 (UTC) * نژرا بلي اسكيل ن تفيناغ إدروس مادت إسن * تجربة حرف تيفيناغ تجربة فاشلة في التعليم المغربي ..ماذا لو فعلنا مثل الاكراد و نعتمد على الحرفين معا في هذا المشروع .... ::ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ, ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ ⴷ '''ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ''', ⴽⵢⵢⵉ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ, ⴰⵔ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ, ⵎⴽ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴽⵢⵢ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴷ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⴷ ⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵎⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ. ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵎⵉⵔⵜ. ⴰⵎⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ [[نواز شريف]] ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⴽⴽⵙ. [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Brahim-essaidi|Brahim-essaidi]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Brahim-essaidi|talk]]) 01:59, 19 February 2018 (UTC) * ⵏⴽⴽ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵇⵜⴰⵔⴰⵃ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⴰⵎ wp/shi ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵍⵍⴰ convert text latin/tifinagh/arabic ...ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵓⵃⵜⴰⵡⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|Asnfar]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|talk]]) 09:00, 19 February 2018 (UTC) * Conversion automatisée Tifinagh -> Latin -> arabic [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|Asnfar]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|talk]]) 09:02, 19 February 2018 (UTC) ::*@[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|Asnfar]] ⵔⴰⴷ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵏⵙⴽⵔ Conversion automatisée Tifinagh -> Latin ⵎⴰⵛ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵄⵔⴰⴱ ⵓⵀⵓ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵔⵔⴰ, ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ "''ⵛⵛⴰⴽⵍ''" ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ. ⵥⵔ wp/shi ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ -> ⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⵓⵍ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵣⴳⴰⵍⵏ. [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Brahim-essaidi|Brahim-essaidi]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Brahim-essaidi|talk]]) 12:53, 19 February 2018 (UTC) * ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵖⵔ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵄⵔⴰⴱⵜ ⵓⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴳⴰⵍⵏ . ⵀⴰⵜⵉ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵍⵉⴱⵢⴰ ⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵖⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵄⵔⴰⴱ [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|Asnfar]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|talk]]) 14:54, 19 February 2018 (UTC) ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ (edit text) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ ⵚⴰⴼⵉ [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|Asnfar]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|talk]]) 14:54, 19 February 2018 (UTC) *ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ convert text ⴰⵎ: *Српски / srpski *Kurdî/کوردی *oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча *татарча/tatarça *ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche *गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni *客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî :::@[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|Asnfar]]: ⵀⴰⵜⵉ ⵏⴻⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉ ⵙ '''ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵔⵔⵓⴽ'''/'''Standard Moroccan Tamazight''' ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵏⵙ ⵏⵖ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵍⵉⴱⵢⴰ ⵥⴹⴰⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵔⴰⵏ. [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Brahim-essaidi|Brahim-essaidi]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Brahim-essaidi|talk]]) 15:25, 19 February 2018 (UTC) :ⴰⵣⵓⵍ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ @[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Asnfar|Asnfar]] ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⴼⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ, ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⴼ ⵜⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵥⵕ ⵎⴰⵎⵏⴽ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵎⵏⴽ ⵙ ⵜⵥⵥⴹⴰⵕ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵖ ⵜⵅⴷⵎ ⴳ ⵖⵉⴷ [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Lhoussine AIT TAYFST|Lhoussine AIT TAYFST]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Lhoussine AIT TAYFST|talk]]) 00:43, 14 May 2023 (UTC) ::ⵏⴽⴽ ⵓⵔ ⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⴰⴷ. ⵡⵉⴽⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ, ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ. --[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:AyourAchtouk|AyourAchtouk]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:AyourAchtouk|talk]]) 03:30, 14 May 2023 (UTC) == RfD for [[Wp/amz]] == Please contribute to the following RfD discussion on [[Wp/amz]] ("Tamazight Wikipedia"). [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:StevenJ81|StevenJ81]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:StevenJ81|talk]]) 19:18, 10 January 2017 (UTC) {{Incubator:Requests for deletions/Wp/Amz}} == congrats == Ayuz n' k ichwa maynna [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Adaptera|Adaptera]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Adaptera|talk]]) 19:07, 8 January 2018 (UTC) == Conversion automatisée Tifinagh -> Latin == <code><?php /** * @addtogroup Language */ /* * Conversion script between Latin and Tifinagh for tamazight. * - Tifinagh -> lowercase Latin * - lowercase/uppercase Latin -> Tifinagh * * * Based on: * - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Inuktitut.png * - LanguageIu.php * * @ingroup Language */ require_once( dirname( __FILE__ ) . '/../LanguageConverter.php' ); class zghConverter extends LanguageConverter { var $mToLatin = array( 'ⴰ'=>'a', 'ⴱ'=>'b', 'ⵛ'=>'c', 'ⴷ'=>'d', 'ⴹ'=>'ḍ', 'ⴻ'=>'e', 'ⴼ'=>'f', 'ⴳ'=>'g', 'ⵖ'=>'gh', 'ⵀ'=>'h', 'ⵃ'=>'ḥ' , 'ⵉ'=>'i', 'ⴽ'=>'k', 'ⵄ'=>'â', 'ⵊ'=>'j', 'ⵍ'=>'l' , 'ⵎ'=>'m', 'ⵏ'=>'n', 'ⵇ'=>'q', 'ⵔ'=>'r', 'ⵕ'=>'ṛ' ,'ⵙ'=>'s', 'ⵚ'=>'ṣ' , 'ⵜ'=>'t', 'ⵟ'=>'ṭ' , 'ⵓ'=>'u', 'ⵅ'=>'x', 'ⵡ'=>'w', 'ⵢ'=>'y', 'ⵣ'=>'z', 'ⵥ'=>'ẓ' 'ⴽⵯ'=>'kᵂ', 'ⴳⵯ'=>'gᵂ' ); var $mUpperToLowerCaseLatin = array( 'A' => 'a', 'B' => 'b', 'C' => 'c', 'D' => 'd', 'E' => 'e', 'F' => 'f', 'G' => 'g', 'H' => 'h', 'I' => 'i', 'J' => 'j', 'K' => 'k', 'L' => 'l', 'M' => 'm', 'N' => 'n', 'O' => 'o', 'P' => 'p', 'Q' => 'q', 'R' => 'r', 'S' => 's', 'T' => 't', 'U' => 'u', 'V' => 'v', 'W' => 'w', 'X' => 'x', 'Y' => 'y', 'Z' => 'z', ); var $mToTifinagh = array( 'a'=>'ⴰ', 'b'=>'ⴱ', 'c'=>'ⵛ', 'd'=>'ⴷ', 'ḍ'=>'ⴹ', 'e'=>'ⴻ', 'f'=>'ⴼ', 'g'=>'ⴳ', 'gh'=>'ⵖ', 'h'=>'ⵀ', 'ḥ'=>'ⵃ' , 'i'=>'ⵉ', 'k'=>'ⴽ', 'â'=>'ⵄ', 'j'=>'ⵊ', 'l'=>'ⵍ' , 'm'=>'ⵎ', 'n'=>'ⵏ', 'q'=>'ⵇ', 'r'=>'ⵔ', 'ṛ'=>'ⵕ' ,=>'s'=>'ⵙ', 'ṣ'=>'ⵚ' , 't'=>'ⵜ', 'ṭ'=>'ⵟ' , 'u'=>'ⵓ', 'x'=>'ⵅ', 'w'=>'ⵡ', 'y'=>'ⵢ', 'z'=>'ⵣ', 'ẓ'=>'ⵥ' 'kᵂ'=>'ⴽⵯ', 'gᵂ'=>'ⴳⵯ' ); function loadDefaultTables() { $this->mTables = array( 'lowercase' => new ReplacementArray( $this->mUpperToLowerCaseLatin ), 'ike-cans' => new ReplacementArray( $this->mToTifinagh ), 'ike-latn' => new ReplacementArray( $this->mToLatin ), 'zgh' => new ReplacementArray() ); } /* rules should be defined as -{Tifinagh | Latin-} -or- -{code:text | code:text | ...}- update: delete all rule parsing because it's not used currently, and just produces a couple of bugs */ function parseManualRule( $rule, $flags = array() ) { if ( in_array( 'T', $flags ) ) { return parent::parseManualRule( $rule, $flags ); } $carray = array(); // otherwise ignore all formatting foreach ( $this->mVariants as $v ) { $carray[$v] = $rule; } return $carray; } // Do not convert content on talk pages function parserConvert( $text, &$parser ) { if ( is_object( $parser->getTitle() ) && $parser->getTitle()->isTalkPage() ) $this->mDoContentConvert = false; else $this->mDoContentConvert = true; return parent::parserConvert( $text, $parser ); } /* * A function wrapper: * - if there is no selected variant, leave the link * names as they were * - do not try to find variants for usernames */ function findVariantLink( &$link, &$nt, $ignoreOtherCond = false ) { // check for user namespace if ( is_object( $nt ) ) { $ns = $nt->getNamespace(); if ( $ns == NS_USER || $ns == NS_USER_TALK ) return; } $oldlink = $link; parent::findVariantLink( $link, $nt, $ignoreOtherCond ); if ( $this->getPreferredVariant() == $this->mMainLanguageCode ) $link = $oldlink; } /* * We want our external link captions to be converted in variants, * so we return the original text instead -{$text}-, except for URLs */ function markNoConversion( $text, $noParse = false ) { if ( $noParse || preg_match( "/^https?:\/\/|ftp:\/\/|irc:\/\//", $text ) ) return parent::markNoConversion( == ⵉⵜⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵢⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵏⵙⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴳⵍⵓ ⵙ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵏⵛⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖⵕⵉⵖ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵜⵙⴰ == ⴽⴽⵉⵖ ⵖⵕⵉⵖ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵜⵙⴰ ⵏⵖ (ⵉⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ) ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵡⴰⵇⵉⵍⴰ ⵙⵓⵍⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵍⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴰⴼⵓⵍⵍⵓⵙ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⵍⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵉ ⴽⵓ ⴰⴼⵔⴷⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵢⵎⵜ (ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ) ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵙⵙⵎⵔ ⵍⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⴰⴷⵓ ⴳ ⵉⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ. ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵙⴽⵙⵓ ⵙ ⵉⵛⴰⴽⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵙⵓⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰⵣⵉⴹ.ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ :ⵓ-ⵏⵏⴰ /ⵜⴰ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴷⵊⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴹ ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵉⵜⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.ⵉⵖ ⵢⵓⴷⵙⴰ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵜⵛⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵣⵣⴰⴹ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵇⵇⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⵢ ⴰⵙⵟⵟⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴷⴷⵖ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵖⵍⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⵉⴷ ⴱⴰⵃⵍⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵜ ⵎⴰⵃⵍⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴹ-ⴰⴷ ⴰⵀⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵊⴰⵊ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵜⵓ.ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵔⵙⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵜⵛⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵯⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ.ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍⵏⵜ ⵉⵃⵏⵊⵉⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵃⵏⵊⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵖⵉⴼ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵓⴽⴼⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴰ.ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⴷⵊⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ,ⵓⵏⴼⵏⴰⵖ (ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴼⵍⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ),ⴰⵔ ⵙⴳⵓⵔⵔⵓⵎⵜⵏ ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵉⵍⴰⵏ.ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵥⴱⴰⵕⵏ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵯⵍⴰ.ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵓⵢ-ⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵢ ⵓⵙⴼⵓⴳⵍⵓ ⵙ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵙ ⵓⵏⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵀⵓⵢ ⵓⴼⵙⴳⵔ (ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵣⴰ,ⵜⴰⵇⴼⵙⴰ,ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵜ ,ⴰⵙⴰⵡⵙⴰ , ⵜⴰⵎⴳⵔⴰ ,ⴰⵙⵔⵡⵜ,ⴷ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⴷ),ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵡⴰⵣⴷⴰ ⵉⵏⴳⵔ ⵡⵓⴽⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⵢⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵍⵎⵢⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵥⴱⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⵯⵍⴰ .ⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⴼⴰⴳ ⵓⵔⴰⵎⵉⴷ ⴷⴷⵖ ⴰⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵉⵎⵖⴰⵏ ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵓⴱⵙⴰⵔ(ⴰⵙⴳⵓⵔⵔⵎ) ⵏ ⵓⵛⵡⵡⴰⴼ ⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ.ⵉⴷ ⴰⴳⵯⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴽⴽⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵃⵍⴼⴰⵙ (ⵜⵓⴳⴰ)ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴳⵎⴰ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⵖⵉⴼ ⵓⵣⵔⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⵎⴰ.ⵉⴷⴷ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉ-ⵏ ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖⵏⴷ ⵜⴰ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵊⴰ ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⵛⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵏ ⵉⵏⴼⵏⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴰⵀⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵉⵖⵉⵍⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⵉⵖ ⵉⵜⵜⴷⴷⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵜⵓ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴹⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵚⴽⴽⵯⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜ-ⵉ ⵜⵜⵙⵔⴰⵢ ⴰⵔ-ⴷ ⵣⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⴳⵍⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⴹⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵛⵕⴰⴹ.ⴰⵙⵉⵔⵎ ⵉⵏⵓ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵣⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵛⵛⵓⵖⴼⴰ (ⵜⴰⴳⵎⴰⵜ) ⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⴼⵓⴳⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵔⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵓ ⵉⵖⵔⴼ ,ⴽⵓ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ , ⵏ ⴽⵓ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ , ⴷ ⴽⵓ ⴰⵎⵖⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜⵏ ⵓⴱⵓⵔⵣ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵄⵔⴰⵏ . ⴰⵖⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 28/12/2973/11/01/2024 [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|Arhazaf hemmun]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 16:10, 11 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2024 (+01) == ⴰⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵙⵓⵏ == ⴰⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵙⵓⵏ الإستهلاك و العلم ⴽⵓ ⵓⵖⵔⴼ الشعب ⴷ ⵓⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵏⵏⴻⵙ,ⴽⵓ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⵉⴹ الفرد ⴷ ⵓⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵏⵏⴻⵙ.ⵎⴻⵢⴰⵍⵍⴰⵏ تفاوتواⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ.ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵖ.ⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.ⵛⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵎⴰ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵙⵓⴼⵔ ⵓⴽⵎⴰⵎ -ⴰⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵏ.ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵓⵣⴰⵢⵏ.ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵜⵜⵓⵖⵏⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵖⴷⴰⴼⵏ ⵙ ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵜⵓⵍⴳ.ⴰⵎⵓⵍⵍⵢ ⵏⵏⵙⵏⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵉⵛⵉⵢⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵀⴱⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⴷⵊⴰ ⵓⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ. ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵏⴽⵙ يلزم ⵓⵎⴼⴰⵔⵙ المنتج ⵙ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⵔⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ,ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵎⵍ يصف ,ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵜⵜⵓ يحدد ⵉⵙⵍⵖⴰⵢⵏ المكونات ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⴽⵔⵉⵔⵏ الكيميائيةⴷ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵊⵊⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵖⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ.ⵉⵖ ⵓⵔ ⴷⵊⵉⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵓⵎⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵍⵙ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵖ ⵓⵙⵓⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵉⵙ المنتوج ⵀⴰⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵅⴰⵎⵎⴰ.ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵕ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵢⵓⵛⵛⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏ ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵓⴽⵔⵉⵔⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵀⴱⵓⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵊⴰⵏⵉⴳ.ⴰⵙⵓⵙⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵜⵙيقصد ⴰⵖⵔⴼ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ,ⵓⵔ ⵉⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵍⵉⴹ.ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴼⵔⵎⴰⵣ ⴰⵎⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵛ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵉⵙ.ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵔⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵓⵍⵢⴰⵣ (الإستهلاك الصح .ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⴰⵣ ⵉⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵇⵓⵕⴰⵕⵏ (الصابون الصلب) ⴷ ⵉⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵃⵔⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⴹⵖⴰⵖⵏ (الصابون السائل اللزج ).ⵉⵎⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴷⵖ ⵉⵃⵔⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴳⴳⵓⴷⵉⵢⵏ ⵍⵓⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⴷⴷⵖ ⴷ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵖⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴰⵊⵊⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵓⵣ فيروس ⵏ ⴽⵓⵕⵓⵏⴰ.ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴰⴼⵙⴰ ⵓⵖⵉⵙⵎ المحلول الكحولي ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⴷⵓ (يدعم ) ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⴷⴷⵖ.ⴳ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵉⵙ-ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵉⴼⵔⵎⵉⵣⵏ النصائح ⵙ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ مثلا ⵉⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ صابون غسل اليدين : ⵜⴰⴱⵔⴰⵇⵇⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ :طريقة الإستعمال -ⵙⵙⵓⵎⵎⵖ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵛ ⴰⵀⴰ ⴼⴼⵢ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵯⵎⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵃⵔⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ. -بلل يديك ثم أسكب جرعة من الصابون السائل -ⵎⵔⵢ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵛ ⵙ ⵓⵖⵓⵔⴷ ⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵣⴰⵊⵊⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔⴷ ⵅⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵙⴷⵉⴷⵜ -افرك يديك بقوة لمدة دقيقة واحدة على الأقل -ⵙⵍⵉⵍ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵛ ⵎⵙⵇⵇⵎ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ أشطف جيدا بالماء -ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵍⵎⴰⵥ -لا يبلع -ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵢⴰⴳⵓⴳ ⵉ ⵓⵔⵎⴰⵛ ⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵔⴰⵏ -يبقى بعيدا عن متناول الأطفال -ⴳ ⵜⴰⵊⵊⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴳⵓⵔ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵏ ,ⵙⵍⵉⵍ ⵜⵏ ⵎⵙⵇⵇⵎ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ -في حالة ملامسة العينين أشطفهما جيدا بالماء ⵏⴳⵓⵎ قبل ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷ ⴰⴷⴼⵏ ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⴷⴷⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵓⵍⵍⵛ التنظيف ⵙ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⴰⵣ السوقⵙ ⵓⵖⵓⵔⴷ بقوة ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵉⴷⵏ ⵉⵃⵔⵓⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⴰ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵀⵍⴰⴼⴼⵓ الرغوة ⴷⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵇⵇⴰⵕⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵉⵖⵉⵛⵜ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⴰ,ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵔⵉⴷⵏ ⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵉⴱⵉⵍⴼⵛ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⴱⵏⵚⵔⵜ (نوع من الغاسول يسمى الخطمي وهو نبات طبي :مصدر المعلومة المعجم العربي الأمازيغي للعلامة الفاضل و العظيم محمد شفيق) ⵉⵎⵛⵉ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⴹⵖⴰⵖⵏ ⵉⴷⵉⴳⴰⵏⵏ الصابون اللزج المعروف بالصابون البلدي) .ⴷⵖⵉ ⴳⴳⵓⴷⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ -ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵏ .ⴰⵡⴷ ⵡⵉ-ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵛⴽⴰ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵖⵉⴼ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⵡⵉ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵍⵎⴰⵡⵏ .ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵢⴰⵖ ⵛⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵀⴱⵓ( الضرر) ⴰⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵢⵓⵛⵛⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵍⵎⴹⴰⴹ ⵓⵙⴷⵉⴷ ⵏⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏ ⵢⴰⵔⵎ ⴰⵔ-ⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⵓ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵍⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵛⵉ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵇⵡⵚⴰⵚⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵎ ⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⴹⵉⵏ. ⴰⵖⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 31/08/2974/13/09/2024 [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|Arhazaf hemmun]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 11:07, 13 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2024 (+01) == ⴰⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵓⵔⵏ الإستهلاك و الطاقة == ⴰⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵓⵔⵏ الإستهلاك و الطاقة ⴰⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵓⵛⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⵔⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵊⴰⵏⵉⴳ .ⴰⵀⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵎⴰⴹⵏ ⴰⵥⵓⵛⴰⵕ ⵅⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵉⵎⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵣⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵓⵣⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵚⴽⵉ…ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵓⵍⴳⵏ ⵛⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵓⵛⴰⵕ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⵇⵓⵊⵯⵍⵍⵯⴰ (ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵎⵛⵜⴰⵢ) ⵢⴰⵍⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵓⴷⴽⴰⵍ ارتفاع ⵏ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⴼⴰ الدم ⵏⵏⵙ.ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵓⵥⵓⵛⴰⵕ ⴰⴽⵎⴰⵎ ⴰⴷⴻⵙⵍⴰⵏ أساسي ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵛⵜⴰ كمية ⵉⴳⴳⵓⴷⵉⵢⵏ ,ⴰⵔ ⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ .ⵎ ⵇⵇⴰⵕ ⵓⵢ-ⴰ ⵓⵔ ⴷⵊⵉⵏ ⵙⵍⵍⴰⵖ ⵉ ⵛⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴻⵎⵛⵓⵛⵓⴷيتحرك ⵛⵉⴳⴰⵏ ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴻⴳⴰⴼⴰⵢ ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵊⵊⵓⵢ .ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵔⵔⴰⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵛⵔⵣⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴳⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴷⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵓⵔⵉⵔⵔⵡصناعة ⵏ ⵓⵥⵓⵥⵉⵎ الفحم.ⵓⵔ ⵉⵅⵅⵉ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵅⴰⵙ ⴰⴷⴷⴰⵢ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵛⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵡⵔⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵉⵖⵊⴷⵎ ,ⴷⴰ ⵉⵏⵙⵙⴰ ⵉⵏⵏⴱⴷⵔ.ⵅⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⴰⵊⵉⴽⴰⵏ المقود ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⵖⵊⴷⵎ ,ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴰⵙⵡⵓ المقهى ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵡⵔ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴷⵉⵖ ⵉⵙⵡ.ⴷⵉ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴰ ⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵇⴰⴷⵎⴰⵏ (ⴰⵙⵓⵎⴰⵔ ⵉ القهوة ⵣⴳ ⵡⴰⵇⵇⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏ)ⴰⵀⴰ ⵎⵛ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵛⵎⵎⵢ ⵉⵡⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵎⴰⴹ ⵜⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰⵢ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⵍⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵏⵖⴰⴹ (الهلاك .ⴰⵎⵎ ⵡⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵕ ⵉ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵀⵔⵔⵎ (أن يفترسه ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴽⵓⴷ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵍⵏ.ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵊⴰⵏⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵍⵢⴰⵣ.ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵛⵜⵜⵢ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ :«ⵀⴰⵏ ⴰⵊⴰⵏⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵛ ⵉⵍⴰ ⵖⵉⴼⵛ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵓⵔ»«ان لبدنك عليك حقا .ⵙ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⵎⵏⴰⵍⴰ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵔⴰⵏ (ⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏ).ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵙⴰⴼⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ .ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵎⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵀⴱⵓⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵊⴰⵏⵉⴳ ⴰⵏⵛⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵇⵓⵊⵯⵍⵍⵯ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⴰⵎ (ⴰⵙⴳⵉⴷⵢ) ⵏ ⵓⵜⵓⵍⴳ.ⴰⵊⴰⵏⵉⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵙⵔ ⴰⵣⵓⵔⵏ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵎⵛⵜⴰⵢ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵏⵓⵎⵙ ⵏⵖ ⵙ ⵓⵔⵎⴰⵜ (باعتدال. ⴰⵔⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 07/09/2974/20/09/2024 [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|Arhazaf hemmun]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 17:31, 20 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2024 (+01) == ⴰⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵛⵏⴳⴰ (الإستهلاك والأعداء) == ⴰⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵛⵏⴳⴰ (الإستهلاك والأعداء) ⴰⵏⵣⴰⴼ(ⴰⴷⴷⴰⵖ ⵢⴰⵖ ⵛⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴼⴰⴷ ⵏⵖ ⵍⴰⵥ ⴰⵔ-ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵅⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵅⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴼ ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵏⵖ ⵓⵙⵡⵓ) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵥⴻⵎⵍⴰⵍ (ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵃⵓⵏⵓⴷ) ⵏ ⵛⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⵜⵓⵍⴳ .ⴰⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⴼⵓ ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵀⴱⵓ.ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜⵎ ⵓⵎⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵉ ⵓⵀⴱⵓ ⵉⵇⵇⵏ ⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵣⴰⵍⴰⵍ(ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵃⵢⵓ) ⵉⵏⴳⵔ ⵓⵏⴼⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵀⴱⵓ .ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵡⵔⴰⵙⵏ(ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵛⵎⵎⵢ ⵛⵔⴰ ⵙ ⴳⵉⵕⵕⵓ) ⴷ ⵉⵖⵉⵙⵎ(ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵖ ⴰⴼⵯⴰ) ⴷ ⵉⵎⵖⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⴷⵓⵀⴷⵓⵏ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵉⵎ(ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵙ «ⵍⴽⵉⴼ») ⴳ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵛⵛⵍ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵜⵎ ⵛⵔⴰ ⵉⵖ ⵉⵔⴰ ⴰⵍⵢⴰⵣ ⵉ ⵓⵊⴰⵏⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ.ⵜⵉⵛⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵉⵜⵉⵎ ⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵎⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵀⴷⴰ(ⴰⵙⴽⴽⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⴷⵓⵀⴷⵓⵏ) ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵏ (ⵉⵖⵏⵛⴰⵜⵏ) ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵓⵊⵏ (ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵀⴱⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵉⵣⵉ) ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵏⴹⴰⵙ (ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵉ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴰⵅⵏⵣⵉⵔ (السرطانⵏ ⵓⴱⵃⵓ القصبة الهوائية ⴷ ⵜⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵉⵡⵔⴰⵙⵏ التبغ ⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵜⵉⵎ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴷⵓⵀⴷⵓ ⴰⵀⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵏⵀⵓⴱⴱⵓⵔ ((تتلفⴽⵓ ⵜⴷⴰⵀⴷⴰ المادة المخدرة ⵜⵓⵍⵎⵉⴽⵉⵏ خلايا ⵏ ⵓⵏⵍⵍⵉ الدماغ.ⴰⵙⴰⴳ ⵎⵜⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴷⵖ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵣⵉⵔⵣⵏⵜ لا تعوض ⴰⵎⵎ ⵜⵉ-ⵏ ⵉⵍⵎ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵖ ⵓⵜⵔⵙ.ⵛⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵣⵍⵓ يفقد ⵓⵍⵅⴼⵉ الدماغⵜⵓⵍⵎⵉⴽⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵊⵎⴰⴹ يفقد ⵜⵉⵣⴻⵎⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴼⵓⴽⴽⴰⵙ الكفاياتⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵀⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵢ ⵓⵢ-ⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵃⵉⵟ.ⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵖⵉⵙⵎ الكحولⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥ ⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴼⴰ الدم ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴽⵎⴰⴹ ⵜⴰⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵏⴰⴼ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ. ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ المواد ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵇⵇⵉⵍ ⵓⵎⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵃⴹⵓ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵣⵉ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏ ⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⵛⴰⵕ السكر,ⵜⵉⵙⵏⵜ,ⵜⴰⴷⵓⵏⵜ. ⴰⵢⵢⴰⵎ (الإفراط )ⴳ ⵓⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵢ ⵙ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏⵏ.ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵇⵇⵉⵍ ⵓⵎⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵣⴳ ⵓⵔⵎⴰⵜ (ⴰⴷⴷⴰⵢ ⵢⴰⴽⵙⵓⵍ ⵡⴰⵙⴼ ⵉⴹ)(الإعتدال )ⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵔⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜⵎ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵔⴰⵏ (ⴰⴹⴰⵏ,ⴰⵀⴰⵔⵉⵛ المرض).ⵉⴹⵓⵍⵍⵢ ضروري ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵜⴼⵍ يفرطⴰⵜⵓⵍⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵉⴼⵏ (الدهونles lipides).ⵢⵓⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵙ ينظم ⴰⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⴽ يحترم ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵢⵊⴰⵔفترة زمنية أو فاصل مكاني ⵉⵏⴳⵔ ⵓⵖⵓⵊⵊⵔ الفطور ⴷ ⵉⵎⵛⵍⵉ ,ⵊⴰⵔ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ -ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵖⵏⴷ ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵉⵍⴰⵥ (le goûter) ,ⴷ ⴳⵔ ⵓⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵉⵜⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵙⵉ.ⵢⵓⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⵉⵎⵏⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵍⵎⴰⵎⴰⵢ (ⵓⵜⵛⵉ ⵉⴼⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ) ⵉⴷⴷⵖ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵅⴷⵉⵍ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴻⴼⵙⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵉⴹ. ⴰⵖⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 21-09-2974/04-10-2024 . [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|Arhazaf hemmun]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 11:03, 4 ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ 2024 (+01) == ⵜⴰⵍⵢⵣⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ == ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ.ⵉⴷⴷ ⴰⵇⵓⵊⵯⵍⵍⵯⵓ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⴰⵏ.ⵙ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴳⴰⵢ ⵓⵙⴰⴼⴰ ⵖ ⵉⵥⵖⵕⴰⵏ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵍⴽⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⵓⴳ (ⴰⴹⵓ) ⵜⵓⵍⵎⵉⴽⵉⵏ .ⵙ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵔⵔⵎ ⵛⴰ ⵉ ⵜⵉⴷⵉ .ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵉⵏⵏ (ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵏⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵃⵔⴰⵔⴰⴷⵏ )ⵉⵍⵓⵜⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵊⴰⵏⵉⴳ(ⵜⴰⴼⴽⴽⴰ) .ⵛⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵃⵓⵍⴼⵓ ⵙ ⵜⴰⴼⵙⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵕ ⵉⵣⵓⵔ.ⵙ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵉⵙ ⵉⴷⴷⵔ.ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵢⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ,ⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵍⴰ,ⵢⴰ ⴰⵙⴱⵓⴷⵢ (ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵍⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴼⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ),ⵢⴰ ⴰⵃⵔⴷⴷⴰ (ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⴹⵡⴰ ⵙ ⵡⴰ-ⵢⵢⴰⴹ :ⵢⵓⵙⵢ ⴽⵔⴰ ⴰⵃⵔⴷⴷⴰ),ⵢⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵏⵇⴰⵣ (ⵜⴰⵏⴹⵡⴰ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ),ⵢⴰ ⴰⵃⵏⴹⵥ (ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⴹⵡⴰ) ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⵙⵎⵎⵔⴽⴷ,ⵢⴰ ⴰⵔⴷⴰⵙ (ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵙⵓⵔⵉⴼⵏ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵍ) ,ⵢⴰ ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵓⴽⵍ (ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵉⴼⵙⵙⵓⵙⵏ ,ⵉⵔⵓⵔⴷⵏ)).ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵛ ⴱⴰⴱ ⵏⵖ ⵍⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ .ⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵉⵡⵡⵓⵔⴽⴰ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⵎⴰⵎⴰⵛⵜ(ⵜⵉⵡⵡⵓⵔⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰ-ⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ).ⵙ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵎⵅⵕⴼⴰⴼ ⵛⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴼⴰⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵜⵜⴰ ⵅⴰⵙ ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⴼⵓⵏ ,ⴷ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵉⴱⴹⵓ ⴷ ⵉⵡⵔⴰⵙⵏ ,ⴷ ⵉⵖⵉⵙⵎ,ⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵉⴷⴰⵀⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ.ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⴽⵎⴰⵎⵏ-ⴰⴷ ⵍⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰ ⴷⴷⵖ ⴷⴰ ⵏⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⵎⵉⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵣⵉⵔⵣⵏⵜ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵍⵎ.ⵙ ⵓⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵣⵖⵣⵉⴼ ⵛⵔⴰ ⴰⵏⵓⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⵓⵍⵢⵉⵣⵜ. ⴰⵙⴰⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ :ⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱ- ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰ ⵛⴰⴼⵉⵇ ⴰⵖⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 03/11/2974/16/11/2024 [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|Arhazaf hemmun]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf hemmun|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 09:59, 16 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2024 (+01) == ⴰⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⴷ == ⴰⵣⵓⵍ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ @[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Lhoussine AIT TAYFST|Lhoussine AIT TAYFST]], ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ, ⵄⴰⴼⴰⴽ ⵔⴰⵔ ⵉⵜ ⴰⵎⴽ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:ⵕⴰⵊⵉ|ⵕⴰⵊⵉ]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:ⵕⴰⵊⵉ|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 01:54, 4 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2025 (+01) :ⵡⴰⵅⵅⴰ ⴰ ⵎⴰⵙⵙ @[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:ⵕⴰⵊⵉ|ⵕⴰⵊⵉ]] ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵎⵉⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⴽ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙ --[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Lhoussine AIT TAYFST|Lhoussine AIT TAYFST]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Lhoussine AIT TAYFST|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 14:33, 4 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2025 (+01) == ⴰⵔⵉⵔⴰⴹ ⴷ ⵉⴳⵔ == ⵙ ⵓⵖⴰⵏⵉⴱ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵓⵡⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⴰⵔ ⵉⴽⵔⵔⵣ ⵓⵎⴳⵢⴰⵣ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⵓⵎⵔⵣⵉ ⴰⵔⵉⵔⴰⴹ ⵙ ⵓⵏⴰⵔⵓⵣ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵎⵎⵖⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵉⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⴳⵏⴳⵉⴼⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴷⵎⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵀⴰ ⴼⴽⵉⵏ ⵉⴳⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴼⵓ ⵖⵉⴼ ⵜⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵔⵎⴰⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵏⵔⵎⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵅⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵍ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵖ ⵓⴼⵉⵎⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⵎⴰⵍ.ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵎⴳⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵉⵖⵕⵎ .ⴰⴷ ⵇⵇⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵉⵔⵉ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜⵉⵏ ,ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴷⴰⴽⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⴽⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵇⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵏⵉⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏⵜ .ⵜⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵕⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵢ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ,ⵓⵔ ⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵣⵣⵏⵣⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ.ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵛⵔⵣⴰ ,ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⴽⵍ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴷ ⵉⴷⵔⵓ ⵖ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ,ⴷ ⵓⴱⵊⴰⵃ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵉⵜⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵕⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ. ⴰⵖⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 16/01/2975/29/01/2025 [[ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ:Contributions/196.74.52.239|196.74.52.239]] 09:59, 29 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2025 (+01) == ⴰⵃⵏⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ == ⵎⴰ ⵅⴼ ⴷⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⵓⵔⵓ ⵍⵓⵎⵏ ⴰⵙⴰⴳ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵖⵕⵉ ?ⵉⵙⵇⵙⵉ ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵉⵜⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ.ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵙⵜⴰⵏⵖ :ⵉⵖ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵎⵖⵕⵉ ⴷⵖⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵓⴷⵉⵎⴰⵍ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⵎⴰⵍ.ⵓⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵇⵇⵉⵍ ⵣⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ.ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵏⵊⴷⴰ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⴼⵉⵔⴰⵖ ⵉⵙ ⵏⴽⴽⴰ ⴷⵉ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵏⴰⵡⴹ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵃⵍⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵜⵎⴰⵃⵍⵍⴰ ,ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵖ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ .ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵙⵙⵍⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵏⵍⵍⴰ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵏⵙⵓⵍ,ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⴰⵖ ⵢⵓⴷⵉⵔ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⴰⵔⵔⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵖⵎⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴻⵍⵍⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵉⵏ.ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜⵎ ⵉ ⵜⵓⵜⵜⵓⵜ ,ⵉ ⵓⵙⵉⵜⵎ .ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⵥⵥⵓ ⵓⵥⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵊⴷⴷⵉⴳ ⴳ ⵓⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙ ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵓⵍⴽⵢ ⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⵉⴼ(ⴰⴹⵓ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ,ⵉⵊⵊⴰⵏ) ⵏⵏⴻⵙ,ⴰⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⵇⴼⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⵎ,ⴰⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵏⵙⵙⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵉⴳⵊⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵖ ⵓⵏⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵙⵜ,ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴰⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵏⵇⵇⴰⵕ ⵉ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴽⴽ ⴰⵙⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴰⵃⵍⵍⴰ /ⵉⵙⵜ ⵎⴰⵃⵍⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵢⵢⵏ ⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⴽⵯⵣ ⵜⵓⵏⵜⴰ (ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⴳⵉⵜ)ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴷⵊⴰ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵣⵏ ⵉ ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵏⴰ/ⵜⴰ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵊⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ [[ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ:Contributions/&#126;2025-31619-56|&#126;2025-31619-56]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:&#126;2025-31619-56|talk]]) 12:19, 6 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025 (+01) == ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⵓⵥⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵉⴳⵉⵜ المومياء الشاهدة == ⴽⴽⵉⵖ ⵓⴷⵙⵉⵖ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵎⵓ (ⵓⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ) ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵖⵉⴼ ⵓⵙⵉⴼⵍ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵡⴰ-ⴷⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵙⵉⴼⵍ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ.ⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵢ-ⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵛⵉⵔⵔⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⴼⵍⵏ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⴼⴰ.   ⵡⴽⵓⴽⵏⵖ .ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴽⵓⴷ ⵖⵕⵉⵖ ⴰⵣⴷⴰ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵔ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵔⵄⴰⵏⵏ ,ⴽⵓⴷ ⵙⵙⵏⵖ ⵉⵙ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵙⴽⴰ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴰⵎⵓⴳⵜ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵓⵥⴽⴽⴰ ⵏ «ⵉⵎⴷⵖⴰⵙⵏ» ⴽⵓⵜⵜⵔⵖ ⵙ ⵓⵛⵔⵢⵓ ⴷⴷⵖ. ⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵖ ⴰⴷⴰⵎⵓ (ⴰⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓ ) ⴳ ⵓⴷⵎⵍⵉⵙ (ⴼⴰⵙⴱⵓⴽ) ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵖⵉⴼ ⵓⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙⴼⵓⴽⴽⵔⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⴷⵔⴰⵣⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵜⴰ-ⵏⵉⵜⵉ ⵓⴼⵉⵖ ⵜ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴱⵊⵃⵓ ⵉⵙⵙⵡⴽⵓⴽⵏⵏ !!ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⵓⵥⵜ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ !!ⴰⵅⵅⵉⴷ ⴰⵏⵥⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵕⵓⵕⴹⵏ ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵜⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵍⵓⴹ ⵏ ⵉⵀⵔⵜⵉⴼⵏ !!. ⵏⵥⵉⵖ ⵣⴳ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖ ⵉⵏⵜⴰⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ «ⵎⵉⵥⵕⴰ» ⴰⵙⵉⴼⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵚⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵓⵎⴰⴳ.ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⴼ ⴷ ⵡⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⴼⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵚⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵓⵎⴰⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴼⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵏⵥⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵙ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⵕⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵣⵉ ⴱⵉⵙⵎⴷⵉ ,ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵛⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⵓ ⵉⵅⵅⴰⵏ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⵃⵔⵢ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵔⴰⴹⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵔⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵙ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵏⴰⵖ,ⵉⵙ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴰⴱⴰⵀⵢⴰⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵢⵓⴼⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵣⵓⵢⵉ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉ ⴷⴰⵢ ⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴳⴳⵯⵓ.ⴰⵏⵄⴷⴰⵎ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⴰⵢ-ⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵕⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵉⴷⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵔⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⵓⴱⴱⴹ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵉⴷⴷⵖ ⴰⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ  ⵉⵛⵏⴳⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ,ⵓⵔ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⵀⵀⴰⵥ (ⴰⵙⵜⵉⵍⵍⵢ ⵖⵕ ⴷⴰⵜ) ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵉⵢⵏⵏⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ.ⴰⴷ ⵉⴽⵎⴹ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵛⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵅⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⴱⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵍⵓⵢⵖ.ⵉⵖ ⵉⵔⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⴰⵇⵇⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ,ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵔⵓ ⵙ ⵉⵍⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ,ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵉⵍⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵡⵉ-ⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵡⵉⴹⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵍⴰ. ⴰⵖⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 08/06/2022/26/05/2972 [[ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ:Contributions/&#126;2025-33295-32|&#126;2025-33295-32]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:&#126;2025-33295-32|talk]]) 09:01, 14 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025 (+01) == ⵜⵓⵏⵏⵓⵏⵜ (ⴰⴷⴷⴰⵍ )ⴷ ⵜⵉⵖⵖⵓⵍⵏⴰ == ⵖ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵜⴼⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵉ-ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵉ-ⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⴼⴰⵔⴰⵀⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵣⵣⵓⵔⵓⵜ ⵉⵃⵔⵊⴰⵊⵏ ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵚⵚⴰⴱ ⴰⵙⴰⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵣⵣⵍⴰ ⵓⵃⵔⵊⴰⵊ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴰⴹⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵏⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⴼ ⵉⵙⵙⵔ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⵜⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⵏⵓ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⵏⵓⵣ.ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵢⵢⵓ ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵍⵍⵢ ⵙ ⵉⴼⴰⵙⵙⵏ.ⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵉⵣⴳⵍ ⵓⵎⵢⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵏⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵜⵣⵀⴰⵍⵏ ⴰⴱⵢⵜⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ,ⵍⵓⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴰⵎⵓⵎ ⴰⵎⵖⵡⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵙⵢⵊⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵏⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵚⵔⴱⴰ ,ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵉⵢⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵏⴼⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵙⵢ ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵕⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵛⵏⵢⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵉⵏⵜⵜⴰ ,ⵉⵣⵣⵓⴳⵓⵣⵏ ⵡⴰ-ⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ-ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⴰⵔ-ⴷ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⵉⵟⵟⵉⵡ.ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵊⴳⵓⴳⵓⵍ ⴽⵓ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵊⴰⵔ ⵜⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵖⴱⴰⵍ ⵖ ⵓⵏⵛⴽ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵔⵡⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵀⴷⴷⵔ.ⴰⴷⴷⴰⵢ ⵉⴽⵍⵙ ⴰⵃⵏⵓⵣ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵚⵔⴱⵓ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵓⵍⵍⵄ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵏⵏⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵄⵔⴰⵏ ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴼⴼⵖ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴳⵍⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴼⵓⴳⵍⵓ ⵙ ⵓⵃⵏⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵚⵔⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉⵔ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵔⴽⴰⴷ ⵉⵖ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵚⵔⴱⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵃⵏⴰⵣ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴱⵢⵜⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵖⴱⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵓⵣⴷⴷⵓⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⵣⵓⵎ ⴳⵉⵙ.ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⵔⵜ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴱⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⵓⵎⵓⵛ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵖⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ.ⵜⵉⵖⵖⵓⵍⵏⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵖⵕⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵡⵉⵔⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴷⴷⴰⵍⵏ ⵢⴰ ⵅ ⵓⵍⴰⴼⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⵟ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵏⴰⵙⵜ ⵖⵏⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ.ⵉⵎⵡⵉⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵏⵏⵓⵏⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⵛⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵖⵓⵍⵏⴰ.ⵉⵖ ⵉⵔⴰ ⵛⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵜⵜⵙ ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴷⴰ ⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵉⵎⵡⵉⵔⵏ -ⴰⴷ ⵉⵕⵖⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴷⵓⵛⵏ. ⴰⵖⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 30/12/2025/17/12/2975 [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf Hmmun|Arhazaf Hmmun]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf Hmmun|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 09:21, 30 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025 (+01) == ⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵡⵓⵙⵔⴰ == ⵖⵕⵉⵖ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⴰⴼⵏⴰⵣⵎⴰⵏ (ⴰⵍⴽⵜⵔⴰⵏ)ⵏ ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⵣⴰⴱⵥ ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵉⵜⵉ :(ⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵢⵓⴷⴼ ⴰⵣⴰⵏⵥ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵡⵡⵓⵙⵔⴰ).ⵛⵜⵉⵢⵖ ⵎⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉ ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ .ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉ ⵉⵙ ⵓⵔ ⵢⴰⴷ ⵇⵇⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵅⴰⵙ ⵉⵡⵙⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵙⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ,ⵉⵙ ⵣⵓⴳⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵖⵕⵎⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵊⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⴼ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵎⵛ ⵜ ⵓⴼⴰⵏ.ⴷⵎⵉⵖ ⵉⵃⵓⴷⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⵎⵅⵕⴼⴰⴼⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵅⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴷⵔⵏ .ⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⵇ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴰⴽⵉⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵅⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵖⴼⵔⵏ ⵉⵃⵓⵏⴰ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵛⵛⵓⵔⵏ ⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉ-ⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⴼⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵖⵏ ,ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵍⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵜⵏⵓⵢⵏ.ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴰⵙⵜ .ⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵡⵍ ⵉⴷⴷⵖ ⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⴰⵖⵓⵔⴷ.ⵜⴰⴷⵔⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵎⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵖⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉⵢ ⵉⵃⵓⴷⵔⵉⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵔⵏⵣ ⵙ ⵓⵏⴱⵍⵓⵍⴹ.ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵜ ⵖⵉⴼ ⵓⴷⵉⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ.ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⴻⵜⵜⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵊⵊⵏⵊⵎ ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵍⵓⵢⵖ .ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴼⵍⵓ ⴼ ⵓⵢ-ⴰ ⵜⵓⵎⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵛⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴷⵔⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ.ⴷⵡⵏⵖ ⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⵔⵏⵉ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⴰ ⴰⵙⴰⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵏⵜⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⵡⵙⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⵛⴰⵍ ⵢⴰ ⵡⵉ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵢⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵢⴰ ⵡⵉ-ⴷⴷⴰ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵄⵣⵔⵉⵢⵏ,ⵎⴰ ⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵃⴹⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⴱⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵣⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵡⴰ-ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⴷⴰⵡⴰⵙ?ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎ ⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ .ⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵓⴼⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵖⵓⵍⴼⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵍ ⵎⴰ ⴰⵢ-ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵙⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⵉ-ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⴼⴼⵉⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⵙⴰⴳ ⵡⵙⵙⵉⵔⵏ ⴰⵀⴰ ⴳⴳⴰⴷⵊⵏ?ⴰⴷⴷⴰⵢ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵉ ⵛⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⴰⴼⵔⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵔⵣ ⵓⵢⴹⵏ.ⵢⵓⵛⵛⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵓⵣⵀⵍⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵎⵉ ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵓⵔⴰⴽⵉⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵖⵓⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵯⵏⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ,ⵙ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⴰⵣⵏ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⵓⴱⴷⵓ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ. ⴰⵖⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 06/01/2026/21/12/2975 [[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf Hmmun|Arhazaf Hmmun]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Arhazaf Hmmun|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 09:06, 6 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2026 (+01) == ⵓⵎⵉⵢ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵏ == ⴽⵓ ⵓⵎⵉⵢ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵢ ⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵔⴰ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵡⴹ ⵉ ⵓⵏⵔⵎⴰⵙ.ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵎⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵏ ⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵖ ⵓⵏⵛⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵃⵏⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵏⵉ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ.ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵎⵉⵢ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵖⵏⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵉⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⴰⵡ,ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵡⴰ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵖⵏⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵓⵙⴼⵔⴽ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ.ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⴽⵓ ⵓⵎⵉⵢ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴻⵙ ⴰⵣⵓⵖⴰⵏ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⴱⵓⴹⴰⵏ.ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵉⴼⵔⴻⵔ ,ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵛⴰⵣ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ ⵉⴷⴷ ⴰⵎⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵉⵖⴱⴰ ,ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵔ ⵛⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵣⵎⴽ.ⵓⵎⵉⵢ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵎⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓ ⵓⵖⵔⵉⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⴻⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵍⵓⵍⵍⴽ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵊⴰⵔ ⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ.ⵓⵎⵉⵢ ⵢⴰ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼ ⵢⴰ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵍ.ⴰⵔ ⵜ ⵙⵙⴷⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⵡⵉ-ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵃⵙⴰⵏ ,ⵍⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵡⵙⵙⴰⵔⵏ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⴳⵎⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴰ ⵜⵓⵔⵉⵎ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵎⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⴰⵜⵎ ⵉ ⵓⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⵏⴼⵕⴰⵕⴰⵖ,ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵔⵔⵓ ⴰⵙⵏⴳⵓ ,ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵍⴰⵙⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵉⵏⵊⵓⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ.ⴽⵓ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵡ ,ⴽⵓ ⵓⴱⴰⵃⵍⵍⵓ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵜⵉⵎⵉⵔⵡⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵃⵍⵍⵓⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴽⵚⴰⴹⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵖⵏ ⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵖⵏⴷ ⴰⵡⵡⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴱⴱⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵏⴰⵏⵜ .ⴰⵢ-ⵏⵏⴰⵖ ⴰⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⴱⴰⴱⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⵜⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵛⵉⵢⵏ ,ⵙⵙⵉⵜⵉⵎⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵇⵉⵙⵓⵙⵜ ⴷ ⴳⴰⵔ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ.ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵏⴼⵓⵏ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⴰⵔ-ⴷ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴱⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⴼ ⵉⴼⴰⴷⴷⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ,ⵍⴰⵏ ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ ⵎⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵜⵎⵎⵅⵕⴼⴰⴼⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⴰⵢⵉⵣⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵔⵣⵏⵏ,ⵉⵔⵔⵓⵏⴽⵙⵏ. ⴰⵖⴰⵣⴰⴼ ⵀⵎⵎⵓⵏ 09/08/2026 /27/07/2976 [[ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ:Contributions/&#126;2026-43984-28|&#126;2026-43984-28]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:&#126;2026-43984-28|talk]]) 12:00, 9 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 2026 (+01) 5z2anf5t45q5gq6scyd0zx9htjt0q94 4 30282 177619 114733 2026-08-08T23:07:27Z ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ 10568 177619 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text=ⵙⴳ ⵣⵉⴽ ⴷ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⴽⴽⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ, ⵉⴳ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵇⵇⵉⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴷⵔⵓ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ...ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵉⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⴷⵊⴰ.|author=[[ⴼⵔⵉⴷⵔⵉⴽ ⵏⵉⵜⵛⴰ]]|source=}} blpk1gs17rjboghaz50qqgj9oio9wld 177620 177619 2026-08-08T23:08:46Z ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ 10568 177620 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text=ⵙⴳ ⵣⵉⴽ ⴷ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⴽⴽⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵡⴰⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵜ, ⵉⴳ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵇⵇⵉⵎⴷ ⴷ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴷⵔⵓ ⴰⴽⵉⴷⵙⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ...ⵜⵉⴷⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵉⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⴷⵊ.|author=[[ⴼⵔⵉⴷⵔⵉⴽ ⵏⵉⵜⵛⴰ]]|source=}} l6x5vtavox9wxlfxxj9ukv3wcgm1s87 0 35772 177626 148409 2026-08-09T09:55:02Z Lhoussine Bentayfaste 13 /* ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ */ 177626 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}} '''ⴰⵔⵙⵉⵏ ⵔⵓ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ|ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ]]: '''Arsène Raux''', 5 ⴼⵓⵕⴰⵕ 1893 ⵖ [[ⵔⵓⵛⴳⵉⴷ]] – 19 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓ 1971) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵄⵕⴰⴱ ⴷ [[ⴰⵏⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ|ⵓⵏⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]] ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙ. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ [[ⵔⵓⵛⴳⵉⴷ]], ⵉⵎⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵙ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]] (ⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴷⵓ ⵓⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙ) ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⴽⵍⴰⵙⵉⴽⵜ, ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⴷ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ]] ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵉⵏ. ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ, ⵉⵙⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ; ⵉⵙⵔⵙ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵜⵉⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ [[ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵕⵓ]], ⵉⴳ ⴰⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴷⴰ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ, ⵉⵖⵔ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ]] ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ [[ⵙⵙⵉ ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⴰⴽⵏⴽⵓ]] (ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 1905). ⴽⵔⴰ ⵣⵖ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵅⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ [[ⵕⵕⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵡⵓⵖⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ(ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ: [[ⵔⵓ 1942]]); ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴰⵢⵏ ⵙ [[ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ]] ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵢⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ 50 ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⴰ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ, ⵉⵙⵎⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵏ ⵓⵡⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⴰⵙⵏⵎ, ⴰⵙⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⴽⵉⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵓⵖⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ. ⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ, ⵉⴷⵔⵓⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴰⵎⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⴳⵣⵍ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵡⵉⵏ ([[ⵔⵓ, 1948]]). ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴷⴰⵖ ⴷ [[ⴰⵏⵙⵎⵉⵚⵕⵉ|ⵓⵏⵙⵎⵉⵚⵕⵉ]] [[ⴱⵓⵔⵏⵓ ⵙⵜⵔⵉⴽⵔ]] ⵅⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ''ⴱⴰⵃⵔ ⴰⴷ-ⴷⵓⵎⵓⵄ'' ([[ⵉⵍⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵟⵟⴰⵡⵏ (ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ)|ⵉⵍⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵟⵟⴰⵡⵏ]]) ⵏ [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵓ ⵄⵍⵉ ⴰⵡⵣⴰⵍ|ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵡⵣⴰⵍ]] ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⴳ 1960. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ 1971, ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ [[ⴰⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵏ|ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍⵏ]] ⴳ [[ⵉⴽⵙ-ⵓⵏ-ⴱⵔⵓⴼⵓⵏⵚ|ⵉⴽⵙ ⵓⵏ ⴱⵔⵓⴼⵓⵏⵚ]] ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵓⵍ ''ⵡⴰⵍⵍⴰⵖ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵙⵉⵏ ⵔⵓ'' (Fonds Arsène Roux) ⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ. ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵎⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵛⵍⵃⵉⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ, ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵥⵥⵕⴰ, ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ (ⵍⴰⵎⵜⴰⵍ), ⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵔⵓ ⵙ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⵟⴰⵍⵓⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵄⵕⴰⴱⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ [[ⴼⴰⵏ ⴷⵉⵏ ⴱⵓⴳⵔⵜ]] (van den Boogert,1995), ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵔⴰⵙ ⵡⵓⵙⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ (Stroomer & Peyron, 2003). == ⵜⴰⴱⵉⴱⵍⵢⵓⴳⵕⴰⴼⵉⵜ == * {{Cite book|author=Boogert, N. van den|year=1995|title=Catalogue des manuscrits arabes et berbères du Fonds Roux: Travaux et documents de l'Iremam, 18|publisher=Iremam|location=Aix-en-Provence}} * {{Cite book|author=Boogert, Nico van den|title=Berber Literary Tradition of the Sous — with an edition and translation of 'The Ocean of Tears' by Muḥammad Awzal (d. 1749)|publisher=(De Goeje Fund, Vol. XXVII) Leiden: NINO|year=1997}} * {{Cite book|author=Roux, Arsène|year=1942|title=Récits, contes et légendes berbères en Tachelhiyt|publisher=?|location=Rabat}} *   * {{Cite book|author=Roux, Arsène|year=1955|title=La vie berbère par les textes. Parlers du Sud-Ouest marocain (tachelhit). Première partie : la vie matérielle. I. Textes|publisher=?|location=Paris}} * {{Cite book|author=Roux, Arsène|year=1990|title=La poésie berbère populaire|location=Paris}} * {{Cite book|author=Stroomer, Harry|year=2003|title=A Linguistic Reanalysis of "Récits, contes et légendes berbères en Tachelhiyt" by Arsène Roux with a Translation in English|publisher=Rüdiger Köppe|location=Köln}} * Arsène Roux and [[Mikayl Birun|Michael Peyron]], ''Poésies berbères de l’époque héroïque, Maroc central (1908–1932)'', Aix-en-Provence: Edisud 2002 * {{Cite book|author=Stroomer, Harry|year=2003|title=Catalogue des archives berbères du "Fonds Arsène Roux"|publisher=Rüdiger Köppe|location=Köln}} * {{cite book|author=Stroomer, Harry|author2=Peyron, Michael|author2-link=Michael Peyron|year=2003|title=Catalogue des archives berbères du "Fonds Arsène Roux"|series=Berber Studies|volume=6|publisher=Rüdiger Köppe|location=Köln}} == ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ == * [[ⵉⵍⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵟⵟⴰⵡⵏ (ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ)|ⵉⵍⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵟⵟⴰⵡⵏ]] == ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ == {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ |ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙ |ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⴰⵎⴷⴷⴰⴽⴽⵯⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |ⴰⵏⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ}} {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}} mnkxc7i6dy8kwskbya1auv8duvun3ai 0 36303 177628 148501 2026-08-09T09:57:07Z Lhoussine Bentayfaste 13 /* ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ */ 177628 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} {{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}} {{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}} '''ⵀⴰⵏⵙ ⵛⵜⵓⵎ''' (3 ⵏⵓⵡⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1864 ⵖ [[ⵎⵉⵜⴼⴰⵢⴷⴰ]] – 20 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1936 ⵖ [[ⴷⵔⵉⵣⴷⵏ]]) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ|ⵓⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ]] ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴼ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴰⵎⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ]] [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴰⵎⵉⵢⵉⵏ|ⵜⵉⵙⴰⵎⵉⵢⵉⵏ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ]] [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵓⵙⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ]] ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ. ⵉⵖⵔⴰ ⵖ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴱⵉⵏⴳⵏ|ⵜⵓⴱⵉⵏⴳⵉⵏ]], [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵀⴰⵍ|ⵀⴰⵍ]], [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵉⴱⵜⵣⵉⴳ|ⵍⵉⴱⵜⵣⵉⴳ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔⴳ|ⵙⵜⵔⴰⵙⴱⵓⵔⴳ]], ⵢⴰⵎⵥ [[ⴰⵥⴹⴰⵕ]] (habilitation) ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖ 1895. ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵖ ⵍⵉⴱⵜⵣⵉⴳ, ⵉⵖⵔⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ [[ⵍⵓⴹⵓⵍⴼ ⴽⵔⵉ]], [[ⴰⵍⴱⵉⵔⵜ ⵣⵓⵜⵙⵉⵏ]] ⴷ [[ⴼⵔⵉⴷⵉⵔⵉⴽ ⴷⵉⵍⵉⵜⵛ]].<ref name="OR">[http://www.orient.uni-leipzig.de/institut/geschichte-des-instituts/hans-stumme/ Hans Stumme] Orientalisches Institut der Universität Leipzig</ref> ⵖ 1900, ⵢⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ [[ⵜⵉⵣⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏⵉⵏ|ⵜⴼⵉⵍⵓⵍⵓⴳⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵎⵓⴹⴰⵏⵜ]] ⵖ ⵍⵉⴱⵜⵣⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰ ⵖ 1909 ⵡⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵏⴱⵓⵔⵣ (ⵀoⵏoⵔⴰⵉⵔⴻ) ⵏ ⵜⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ (ⵏⴻo-ⴰⵔⴰⴱⵉⵛ) ⴷ [[ⵉⵃⴰⵎⵉⵢⵏ|ⵜⵓⵜⴰⵍⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵃⴰⵎⵉⵢⵉⵏ]].<ref>[https://www.uni-leipzig.de/unigeschichte/professorenkatalog/leipzig/Stumme_352/ Prof. Dr. phil. Hans Stumme] Professorenkatalog der Universität Leipzig</ref> ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵓⵖⵔⵉⵡⵏ ⴼ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ|ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵄⵕⴰⴱⵉⵏ|ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ]] ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ; ⵉⴼⴽ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⴼ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴼⴰⵔⵙⵉⵜ|ⵜⴼⴰⵔⵙⵉⵜ]], [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵜ|ⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵜ]], [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵟⵉⵜ|ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵟⵉⵜ]], [[ⵜⴰⴳⵉⵄⵉⵣⵜ]], [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵀⴰⵡⵙⴰⵜ|ⵜⴰⵀⴰⵡⵙⴰⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ|ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ]].<ref name="OR" /> ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵥⵕⴰⴳ ⵏ ''Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft'' (ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ [[ⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⵙⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ|ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⵙⴳⵎⵓⴹ ⴰⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏ]]).<ref name="HA">[https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Search/Home?lookfor=%22Stumme,Hans,1864-1936,%22&type=author&inst= HathiTrust Digital Library] (published works)</ref> == ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏⵉⵏ == * ''Märchen der Schluḥ von Tázerwalt''. (Transliteration and translation of Berber legends), 1891. * ''Tunisische Maerchen und Gedichte'', 1893 &ndash; [[Tuns|Tunisian]] tales and poems. * ''Tripolitanisch-tunisische Beduinenlieder'', 1894 &ndash; [[Ṭrablus|Tripolitanian]]-Tunisian [[Bedouin]] songs. * ''Chants des Bédouins de Tripoli et de la Tunisie'', 1894 &ndash; Chants of Bedouins from [[Tṛablus, Libya|Tripoli]] and Tunisia. * ''Grammatik des tunisischen Arabisch nebst Glossar'', 1896 &ndash; Grammar of Tunisian-Arabic with glossary. * ''Märchen und gedichte aus der stadt Tripolis in Nordafrika'', 1898 &ndash; Tales and poems from the city of Tripoli in North Africa. * ''Handbuch des Schilhischen von Tazerwalt. Grammatik, Lesestück, Gespräche, Glossar'', 1899 &ndash; Handbook of the [[Tutlayt Taclḥit|Shilha language]] of Tazeroualt; grammar, reading passages, dialogs, glossary. * ''Märchen der Berbern von Tamazratt in Südtunisien'', 1900 &ndash; Tales of the Berbers from Tamezret in southern Tunisia. * ''Arabisch, Persisch und Türkisch in den Grundzügen der Laut- und Formenlehre'', 1902 &ndash; Arabic, Persian and Turkish in a general outline of [[Tasnmslit|phonology]] and [[Tasnalɣa (tasnilst)|morphology]]. * ''Maltesische Märchen, Gedichte und Rätsel in deutscher Übersetzung'', 1904 &ndash; Maltese stories: poems and riddles in German translation. * ''Maltesische Studien; eine Sammlung prosaischer und poetischer Texte in maltesischer Sprache nebst Erläuterungen'', 1904 &ndash; Maltese studies; a collection of prose and poetic texts in Maltese. * ''Türkische Schrift; ein Übungsheft zum Schreibenlernen des Türkischen'', 1916 &ndash; Turkish writing; an exercise book for learning how to write Turkish.<ref name=HA/> == ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ == {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⴰⵏⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ}} [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵜⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ 1936]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵏⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵏⵙⵄⵕⴰⴱⵏ]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ 1864]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵏ]] {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}} tdnbcomije4495g76i0ex1b2eg4ynr7 0 48023 177623 169190 2026-08-09T07:46:31Z Amherst99 604 /* */ 177623 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}} '''ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⴰⵎⵍⴻⵍⵍⴰⵢ''' (ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵏⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⵍ ⵙ CA/ⵎⵍ) (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ|ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ]]: alternating current) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⴰⵎⵥⵥⴰⵕⵓⵕ ⴰⵣⵎⵣⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵉⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵍⴰ/ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ, ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉⵢ ⵜⵉⵙⵎⴽⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵕⵓⵕ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵍⴻⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵏⴰⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ.<ref>Jean Cessac et Georges Tréherne, ''Physique – Classe de Mathématiques'', Fernand Nathan éditeur, Paris, 1957, ⵜⵙ<abbr>.</abbr> 290-291.</ref> ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⴰⵎⵍⴻⵍⵍⴰⵢ ⵉⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ (ⴰⵣⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ) ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵍⵎⵜ (nulle). == ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ == * [[ⵏⵉⴽⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵙⵍⴰ]] == ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ == d0n5iu6p7mapycpwmt35zsbfgf8s51p 0 48024 177624 169268 2026-08-09T08:05:28Z Amherst99 604 /* */ 177624 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵙⴼⴽⵉⵜ}} '''ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ''' (ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵏⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⵍ ⵙ CC, ⵏⵖ DC ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ|ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ]]: direct current) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⴰⵎⵥⵥⴰⵕⵓⵕ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ (ⵣⵄⵎⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵉⵎⵣⵣⴳⵉ). ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ, ⵙ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ, ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴱⵍⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵣⵡⴰⵏⵉⵏ (ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵣⵖⵉⵏ) ⵏⵖ ⵉⵙⴳⵍⵓⴳⵍⵏ (ⵜⵉⴱⵍⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵎⵔⴽⵜⵓⵔⵉⵏ). == ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ == * [[ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵣⵍ ⴰⵎⵍⴻⵍⵍⴰⵢ]] * [[ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⴷⵉⵙⵓⵏ]] == ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ == dd6yzsjk91vgp8j7fz3qxqzjobnqoez 0 52784 177625 177477 2026-08-09T09:53:27Z Lhoussine Bentayfaste 13 177625 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}} '''ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ''' (ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⵉⵜ: '''Harry Stroomer''') ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1946 ⴳ ⵜⴷⵎⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ [[ⴰⵍⴽⵎⴰⵔ]], ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 19 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2026.<ref>[[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ ⵎⴷⴷⵓⵔ]] (2026), [https://llacan.cnrs.fr/blog/?p=3998 Triste nouvelle : Décès de Harry Stroomer], ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 24 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2026 (ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ)</ref> ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 1987 ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ]]. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴽⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵓ-ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜⵉⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴰⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ, ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ [[ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ|ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴹⴰ]].<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Toegang geblokkeerd / Access Blocked |url=https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/staffmembers/harry-stroomer#tab-1 |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=www.universiteitleiden.nl}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Harry Stroomer {{!}} African Studies Centre Leiden |url=https://ascleiden.nl/content/ASC-community/members/harry-stroomer |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=ascleiden.nl}}</ref><ref>[[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵍⵎⴷⵍⴰⵡⵉ]] (2024). '''[https://orbinah.blog4ever.com/en-arabe-du-nouveau-en-lexicographie-berbereamazighe-dictionnaire-tachelhiyt-francais-par-harry-stroomer جديد الصناعة المعجمية الأمازيغية] ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 24/07/2026. OrBinah''' (ⵙ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ)</ref> == ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ == === ⵉⴷ ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ: === * [[ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ - ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙ (ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ)|ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ - ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙ]] (ⵜⴰⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴱⵕⵉⵍ, 2025): ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⴳ 4 ⵏ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵏ. ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ 40 ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵖⵎⵉⵙ |last=SAADOUNI |first=Mohamed |date=2026-01-24 |title=Review of the Berber Tachelḥiyt–French Dictionary. (4 Volumes) |url=https://scholarhub.univh2c.ma/fls/vol10/iss1/13 |journal=Faits de Langue et Société (FLS) |volume=10 |issue=1}}</ref> === ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ, ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ: === * ⵜⵓⵏⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ (ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, 2001) <ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ |last=Stroomer |first=Harry |url=https://ircam.biblio.ma/catalogue/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10382 |title=An anthology of Tashelhiyt Berber Folktales (South Morocco) |date=2001 |publisher=Rudiger Koppe Verlag |isbn=978-3-89645-381-5 |series=Berber studies |location=Koln}}</ref> * ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⴷⵎⵉⵡⵏ (ⵓⴳⴷⵎⵜ) ⴷ ⵉⴳⵏⴷⴰⴼⵏ (ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ, ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ). <ref>[https://www.fnac.com/a1175193/Harry-Stroomer-Textes-berberes-des-Guedmioua-et-Goundafa ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ]</ref> * ⵜⵓⵏⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵥⵕⵡⴰⵍⵜ|ⵜⵥⵕⵡⴰⵍⵜ]] (ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ), ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⵀⴰⵏⵣ ⵛⵜⵓⵎ]] (2004). * Textes berbères du Maroc central (En collaboration avec Arsène Roux, 2007) * ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ (ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵔⵙⵉⵏ ⵔⵓ|ⴰⵖⵙⵉⵏ ⵔⵓ]], 2007) <ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=Roux |first=Arsène |last2=Stroomer |first2=Harry |date=2007 |title=Textes berbères du Maroc central ; (textes originaux en transcription). ; Arsène Roux ; édités par Harry Stroomer. |url=https://altair.imarabe.org//notice.php?q=id:128571&lang=fr |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=altair.imarabe.org}}</ref> * Textes berbères des Aït Ouaouzguite (En collaboration avec Pierre Amard)<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Textes berbères des Aït Ouaouzguite (Broché) au meilleur prix {{!}} E.Leclerc |url=https://www.e.leclerc/fp/textes-berberes-des-ait-ouaouzguite-broche-9782857449607 |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=www.e.leclerc}}</ref> * Ghomara Berber: A Brief Grammatical Survey === ⵜⵉⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵕⵛⵉⴼⵏ: === ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ''[[ⵜⵉⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ]]'' (ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵜ [[ⵔⵓⴷⵉⴳⵔ ⴽⵓⴱⴱ ⴼⵉⵔⵍⴰⴳ]]) ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵅⴼ [[ⴰⵢⴷⴰ ⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏ|ⵓⵢⴷⴰ ⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ:<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Rüdiger Köppe Verlag - African Studies / Africanistics, Cultural and Legal Anthropology, History of Christian Missions, and Sociology {{!}} Series details |url=https://www.koeppe.de/reihe_bs-berber-studies |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=www.koeppe.de}}</ref> * Catalogue des archives berbères du « Fonds Arsène Roux » (2003) * Textes berbères des Aït Âyyache (la vallée d'Ansegmir, Midelt, Maroc) (Collectés par Youssef Aït Lemkadem, édités par Harry Stroomer) === ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴰⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴽⵓⵛⵉⵜⵉⵏ: === * Mehri Texts from Oman (1999) : Basé sur les travaux de terrain de T.M. Johnstone.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ |last=Johnstone |first=Thomas M. |url=https://books.google.co.ma/books/about/Mehri_Texts_from_Oman.html?id=buGOA-4hX1EC&redir_esc=y |title=Mehri Texts from Oman: Based on the Field Materials of T.M. Johnstone |last2=Stroomer |first2=Harry |date=1999 |publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag |isbn=978-3-447-04215-4 |language=en}}</ref> * A Grammar of Boraana Oromo (1995) * "Islamic poetry of Oromos in Northern Kenya" (Publication académique, 2001) == ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ == * [[ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ]] * [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵄⴷⵓⵏⵉ]] * [[ⵅⴰⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵔⵉⵖ]] * [[ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵏ ⴽⵓⵚⵎⴰⵏ|ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵉⵏ ⴽⵓⵚⵎⴰⵏ]] * [[ⵏⵉⴽⵓ ⴼⴰⵏ ⴷⵉⵏ ⴱⵓⵅⵔⵜ]] == ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ == {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ}} gwsdzhbt5qbvvdkfyq9m63y1x6wbgt5 177629 177625 2026-08-09T10:18:40Z Lhoussine Bentayfaste 13 /* ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ, ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ: */ 177629 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵓⵖⵎⵉⵙⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⵉⴷ}} '''ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ''' (ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⵉⵜ: '''Harry Stroomer''') ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1946 ⴳ ⵜⴷⵎⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ [[ⴰⵍⴽⵎⴰⵔ]], ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 19 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2026.<ref>[[ⵟⵟⴰⵀⵕ ⵎⴷⴷⵓⵔ]] (2026), [https://llacan.cnrs.fr/blog/?p=3998 Triste nouvelle : Décès de Harry Stroomer], ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 24 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2026 (ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ)</ref> ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⴽⵜⵓⵔⵜ ⴳ 1987 ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ|ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ]]. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴽⵍⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵓ-ⵜⴰⵣⵉⵜⵉⵏ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴰⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴰⵢⴷⵏ, ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ [[ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ|ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴹⴰ]].<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Toegang geblokkeerd / Access Blocked |url=https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/staffmembers/harry-stroomer#tab-1 |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=www.universiteitleiden.nl}}</ref><ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Harry Stroomer {{!}} African Studies Centre Leiden |url=https://ascleiden.nl/content/ASC-community/members/harry-stroomer |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=ascleiden.nl}}</ref><ref>[[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵍⵎⴷⵍⴰⵡⵉ]] (2024). '''[https://orbinah.blog4ever.com/en-arabe-du-nouveau-en-lexicographie-berbereamazighe-dictionnaire-tachelhiyt-francais-par-harry-stroomer جديد الصناعة المعجمية الأمازيغية] ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 24/07/2026. OrBinah''' (ⵙ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ)</ref> == ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ == === ⵉⴷ ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ: === * [[ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ - ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙ (ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ)|ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ - ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙ]] (ⵜⴰⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴱⵕⵉⵍ, 2025): ⵉⴳⴰ ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⴳ 4 ⵏ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵏ. ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ ⵎⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴳⴳⴰⵏ 40 ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵖⵎⵉⵙ |last=SAADOUNI |first=Mohamed |date=2026-01-24 |title=Review of the Berber Tachelḥiyt–French Dictionary. (4 Volumes) |url=https://scholarhub.univh2c.ma/fls/vol10/iss1/13 |journal=Faits de Langue et Société (FLS) |volume=10 |issue=1}}</ref> === ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ, ⵜⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ: === * ⵜⵓⵏⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ (ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ, 2001) <ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ |last=Stroomer |first=Harry |url=https://ircam.biblio.ma/catalogue/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10382 |title=An anthology of Tashelhiyt Berber Folktales (South Morocco) |date=2001 |publisher=Rudiger Koppe Verlag |isbn=978-3-89645-381-5 |series=Berber studies |location=Koln}}</ref> * ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴳⴷⵎⵉⵡⵏ (ⵓⴳⴷⵎⵜ) ⴷ ⵉⴳⵏⴷⴰⴼⵏ (ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ, ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ). <ref>[https://www.fnac.com/a1175193/Harry-Stroomer-Textes-berberes-des-Guedmioua-et-Goundafa ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ]</ref> * ⵜⵓⵏⵟⵕⵓⴱⵓⵍⵓⵊⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵥⵕⵡⴰⵍⵜ|ⵜⵥⵕⵡⴰⵍⵜ]] (ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ), ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ [[ⵀⴰⵏⵣ ⵛⵜⵓⵎ]] (2004). * ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ (ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴷ [[ⴰⵔⵙⵉⵏ ⵔⵓ|ⴰⵖⵙⵉⵏ ⵔⵓ]], 2007) <ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |last=Roux |first=Arsène |last2=Stroomer |first2=Harry |date=2007 |title=Textes berbères du Maroc central ; (textes originaux en transcription). ; Arsène Roux ; édités par Harry Stroomer. |url=https://altair.imarabe.org//notice.php?q=id:128571&lang=fr |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=altair.imarabe.org}}</ref> * ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵡⴰⵡⵣⴳⵉⵜ (ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⴷ [[ⴱⵢⵉⵖ ⴰⵎⴰⵖ]]). <ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Textes berbères des Aït Ouaouzguite (Broché) au meilleur prix {{!}} E.Leclerc |url=https://www.e.leclerc/fp/textes-berberes-des-ait-ouaouzguite-broche-9782857449607 |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=www.e.leclerc}}</ref> * ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ [[ⵉⵖⵎⵔⴰⵡⵏ]] (ⵖⵎⴰⵔⴰ): ⴰⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴰⵏⵊⵕⵓⵎ ⵓⴳⵣⵉⵍ. === ⵜⵉⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵕⵛⵉⴼⵏ: === ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ''[[ⵜⵉⵖⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ]]'' (ⵉⴼⵙⵔ ⵜ [[ⵔⵓⴷⵉⴳⵔ ⴽⵓⴱⴱ ⴼⵉⵔⵍⴰⴳ]]) ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵅⴼ [[ⴰⵢⴷⴰ ⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏ|ⵓⵢⴷⴰ ⴰⵎⵉⵡⴰⵏ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ]]. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ:<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⵡⵉⴱ |title=Rüdiger Köppe Verlag - African Studies / Africanistics, Cultural and Legal Anthropology, History of Christian Missions, and Sociology {{!}} Series details |url=https://www.koeppe.de/reihe_bs-berber-studies |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=www.koeppe.de}}</ref> * ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵕⵛⵉⴼ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵏ [[ⵜⵉⵎⵔⵙⵍⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵖⵙⵉⵏ ⵔⵓ]], 2003). * ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⵢⵜ ⵄⵢⵢⴰⵛ (ⵎⵉⴷⵍⵜ)|ⴰⵢⵜ ⵄⵢⵢⴰⵛ]], [[ⵉⵖⵣⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⴳⵎⵉⵔ]], [[ⵎⵉⴷⵍⵜ]], [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]]. ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⵜ [[ⵢⵓⵙⴼ ⴰⵉⵜ ⵍⵎⵇⴷⴷⵎ]], ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵖⵓⵔ ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ. === ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⴰⵎⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴽⵓⵛⵉⵜⵉⵏ: === * ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ [[ⵜⴰⵎⵀⴰⵔⵉⵜ]], [[ⵄⵓⵎⴰⵏ]], 1999.<ref>{{ⴱⴷⵔ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ |last=Johnstone |first=Thomas M. |url=https://books.google.co.ma/books/about/Mehri_Texts_from_Oman.html?id=buGOA-4hX1EC&redir_esc=y |title=Mehri Texts from Oman: Based on the Field Materials of T.M. Johnstone |last2=Stroomer |first2=Harry |date=1999 |publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag |isbn=978-3-447-04215-4 |language=en}}</ref> * ⵜⴰⵊⵕⵕⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵓⵕⴰⵏⴰ ⵓⵕⵓⵎⵓ, 19995. * ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵙⵍⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵕⵓⵎⵓⵙ ⴳ [[ⴽⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵏⵜ|ⴽⵉⵏⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⴼⴰⵏⵜ]], 2001. == ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ == * [[ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚ ⵏ ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ]] * [[ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵙⵙⵄⴷⵓⵏⵉ]] * [[ⵅⴰⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵔⵉⵖ]] * [[ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵏ ⴽⵓⵚⵎⴰⵏ|ⵎⴰⵔⵜⵉⵏ ⴽⵓⵚⵎⴰⵏ]] * [[ⵏⵉⴽⵓ ⴼⴰⵏ ⴷⵉⵏ ⴱⵓⵅⵔⵜ]] == ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ == {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ |ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ |ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴼⴼⵓⵙ}} gckimwt99mj56oyl2h6b5ioff4fl24c 0 52819 177621 2026-08-09T00:58:31Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 ⴰⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴼⵏⵉⵇⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ. 177621 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ, ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ, ⴰ ⴷⴰⵢ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ, ⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] ⵅⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵣⵔⴰⴽ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⴽⵓ ⵢⵉⵡⵏ, ⵉⵎⵏⴱⴰⴹⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹⵏ. ⵜⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵅⴼ ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ, ⴰⵥⵍⵉⵢ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴱⴹⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴰⴱⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ '''ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' ⵜⵜⵡⴰⴷⴼ ⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ. ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ|ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ]] [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⴰⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⵉ]] ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ; ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵎⴱⵢⴰ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ, ⵜⵙⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴰⵎ: ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ « Estado social de derecho »; ⵙ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 11 ⵛⵜⴰⵎⴱⵉⵔ 2001 ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ (OEA), ⵜⵙⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵏⴱⴹⵉⵏ ⴳⴰⵔ ⵜⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ. ==ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ== ==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ== 9m6u0ysirybtraloumb4vbix8y3htkx 14 52820 177627 2026-08-09T09:55:29Z Lhoussine Bentayfaste 13 Created page with "{{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ}}" 177627 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ |ⴰⵎⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ}} fa90mq21n8nbpj64f5tjxzas7yysun2 4 52821 177632 2026-08-09T10:25:01Z Lhoussine Bentayfaste 13 Created page with "{|style = "margin:auto;border:0;" | style="text-align:center;"|[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mediummd-stroomer-6051247-harry-stroomer-arabisr.jpg|frameless|center|200px]] |- |style="text-align:center;"{{!}}&nbsp;&nbsp; [[ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ]] (1946 - 2026) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ. |} {{ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ |[[ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ/8|ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ]] {{ⵜ..." 177632 wikitext text/x-wiki {|style = "margin:auto;border:0;" | style="text-align:center;"|[[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Mediummd-stroomer-6051247-harry-stroomer-arabisr.jpg|frameless|center|200px]] |- |style="text-align:center;"{{!}}&nbsp;&nbsp; [[ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ]] (1946 - 2026) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ. |} {{ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ |[[ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ:ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ/8|ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ]] {{ⵜⴰⵏⵇⵇⵉⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ}} [[:Category:ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ|ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ]]}} 1gitutsiq01tzdr465wmjfhlbj51us2