ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ zghwiki https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B1%E2%B4%B3 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.15 first-letter ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵎⵥⵍⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰⵡⵉⴽⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰⵡⵉⴽⵉ ⴰⵍⴱⵓⴹ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵍⴱⵓⴹ ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⵍ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 10 117 177687 101583 2026-08-12T13:51:00Z CommonsDelinker 47 Replacing Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1919–1921).svg with [[File:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1909–1926).svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · This flag of Afghanistan w 177687 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|Country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ | flag alias = Flag of Afghanistan (2013–2021).svg | flag alias-1880 = Flag of Afghanistan (1880–1901).svg | flag alias-1901 = Flag of Afghanistan (1901–1919).svg | flag alias-1919 = Flag of Afghanistan (1909–1926).svg | flag alias-1921 = Flag of Afghanistan (1921-1928).svg | flag alias-1927 = Flag of Afghanistan (1926–1928).svg | flag alias-1928 = Flag of Afghanistan (1928–1929).svg | flag alias-1929 = Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg | flag alias-1929a = Flag of Afghanistan (1929–1931).svg | flag alias-1931 = Flag of Afghanistan (1931–1973).svg | flag alias-1974 = Flag of Afghanistan (1974–1978).svg | flag alias-1978 = Flag of Afghanistan (1978).svg | flag alias-1978a = Flag of Afghanistan (1978-1980).svg | flag alias-1980 = Flag of Afghanistan (1980).svg | flag alias-1987 = | flag alias-1992 = Flag of Afghanistan (1992-1996; 2001).svg | flag alias-1996 = Flag of Taliban (original).svg | flag alias-1997 = Flag of Taliban.svg | flag alias-2001 = Flag of Afghanistan (2001-2002).svg | flag alias-2002 = Flag of Afghanistan (2002-2004).svg | flag alias-2003 = Flag of Afghanistan (2002–2004, variant with golden arms).svg | flag alias-2004 = Flag of Afghanistan (2004-2013).svg | flag alias-2009 = Flag of Afghanistan (WFB 2008).png | flag alias-Taliban = Flag of Taliban.svg | link alias-army = ⴰⴷⴼⵔⵉⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⴰⵡⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏ | flag alias-naval=Flag of the Afghan National Police (English) (2001-2021).svg | link alias-naval = ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏⵜ | flag alias-air force=Flag of the Afghan Air Force.svg | link alias-air force = ⵜⴰⴷⵡⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴹⴰⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⴼⴳⴰⵏⵉⵙⵜⴰⵏⵜ | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | altlink = {{{altlink|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = 1880 | var2 = 1901 | var3 = 1919 | var4 = 1921 | var5 = 1927 | var6 = 1928 | var7 = 1929 | var8 = 1929a | var9 = 1931 | var10 = 1974 | var11 = 1978 | var12 = 1978a | var13 = 1980 | var14 = 1987 | var15 = 1992 | var16 = 1996 | var17 = 1997 | var18 = 2001 | var19 = 2002 | var20 = 2003 | var21 = 2004 | var22 = 2009 | var23 = Taliban | redir1 = </noinclude> }} dcrtddheq1vfzzwz5k2empqw7ama5u1 10 314 177688 164825 2026-08-12T13:51:03Z CommonsDelinker 47 Replacing Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1919–1921).svg with [[File:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1909–1926).svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) · This flag of Afghanistan w 177688 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = Afghanistan | flag alias = Flag of the Taliban.svg | flag alias-1880 = Flag of Afghanistan (1880–1901).svg | flag alias-1901 = Flag of Afghanistan (1901–1919).svg | flag alias-1919 = Flag of Afghanistan (1909–1926).svg | flag alias-1926 = Flag of Afghanistan (1926–1928).svg | flag alias-1928a = Flag of Afghanistan (1928).svg | flag alias-1928 = Flag of Afghanistan (1928–1929).svg | flag alias-1929a = Flag of Afghanistan (1929).svg | flag alias-1929 = Flag of Afghanistan (1929–1931).svg | flag alias-1930 = Flag of Afghanistan (1931–1973).svg | flag alias-1973 = Flag of Afghanistan (1973–1974).svg | flag alias-1974 = Flag of Afghanistan (1974–1978).svg | flag alias-1978a = Flag of Afghanistan (1978).svg | flag alias-1978 = Flag of Afghanistan (1978–1980).svg | flag alias-1980 = Flag of Afghanistan (1980–1987).svg | flag alias-1987 = Flag of Afghanistan (1987–1992).svg | flag alias-1992a = Flag of Afghanistan (1992).svg | flag alias-1992 = Flag of Afghanistan (1992–2001).svg | flag alias-1996 = Flag of Taliban (original).svg | flag alias-1997 = Flag of the Taliban.svg | flag alias-2001 = Flag of Afghanistan (2001–2002).svg | flag alias-2002 = Flag of Afghanistan (2002–2004).svg | flag alias-2004 = Flag of Afghanistan (2004–2013).svg | flag alias-2013 = Flag of Afghanistan (2013–2021).svg | flag alias-Taliban = Flag of the Taliban.svg | link alias-military = Afghan Armed Forces | link alias-army = Afghan National Army | flag alias-naval = Flag of the Afghan National Police (English).svg | link alias-naval = Afghan National Police | flag alias-air force=Flag of the Afghan Air Force.svg | link alias-air force = Afghan Air Force | flag alias-navy = Flag of the Afghan National Police (English).svg | link alias-navy = Afghan National Police | flag alias-Islamic Emirate = Flag of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (with Pashto subtext).svg | flag alias-football = Flag of Afghanistan (2013–2021).svg | flag alias-cricket = Flag of Afghanistan (2013–2021).svg | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | altlink = {{{altlink|}}} | altvar = {{{altvar|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = 1880 | var2 = 1901 | var3 = 1919 | var4 = 1926 | var5 = 1928a | var6 = 1928 | var7 = 1929a | var8 = 1929 | var9 = 1930 | var10 = 1973 | var11 = 1974 | var12 = 1978 | var13 = 1978a | var14 = 1980 | var15 = 1987 | var16 = 1992a | var17 = 1992 | var18 = 1996 | var19 = 1997 | var20 = 2001 | var21 = 2002 | var22 = 2004 | var23 = 2013 | var24 = Taliban | var25 = Islamic Emirate | var26 = football | var27 = cricket | redir1 = AFG | related1 = Democratic Republic of Afghanistan </noinclude> }} 8xn7m3fgoatkldccg4kmmmsq1zwqs0t 0 4556 177701 148701 2026-08-13T00:31:37Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177701 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} [[ⴰⴼⴰⵢⵍⵓ:Scales-symbola.svg|alt=|right|250x250px|'''ⵜⴰⵣⵓⵖⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⵜ''']] '''ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⵔⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵏⵖ '''ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⵜ'''/ '''ⵜⴰⵖⴷⵎⵜ''' (ⵙ [[ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ|ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ]]: ''Justice'') ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵔⵎⵓⵙⵙ ⵏ ⴰⵔⴰⵡⵓⵙⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⴰⴹ ⵉ [[ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ|ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] ⵏⵖ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵓⵇⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⴳⴰⵏⵜ. ⵙⴳ ⵉⴳⵯⵜⵜⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⵜ ⴰⵎⵢⴰⵙⴷ ⵜⵉⵏⵓⵔⴰⴼ ⵏⵖ ⴹⵍⵎ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉ [[ⴰⵣⵔⴼ|ⵓⵣⵔⴼ]]. ⵙ '''ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⵔⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔ [[ⴰⵇⵇⴰⵔⵉⴹ|ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵎⵏ]] ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ, ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵖ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵣⵓⴳⵣ ⵏ [[ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ|ⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⵏ]] ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⵜⴱⴹⴰ ⵅⴼ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵜ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ . ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵣⵉⴳⵉⵣ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⵏ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵙⵏⵜ , ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵢ ⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵊⴷⵉ ⵢⵓⵔⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⴼⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴰⵢ ⵜⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⵢⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵛⵏⵓⴱⵛ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ . ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵢⵓⵏⴰⵏⵉⵅ ⵉⴱⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⵔⵎⵓⵙⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⵔⴼⵓⵜ ,ⴰⵎ ⴰⴼⵍⴰⵟⵓⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⵥⵓⵍⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵊⵊⴰⵏ ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⵢⵙⵡⵔ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⵢⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵙ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵉⵙⴳⵓⵎⵏ ⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ(ⵉⵔⵉ ⵜⴰⵣⵓⵍⵜ ⴰⴼⵔⴰⴽ). ⵜⵉⵏⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵏⴼⵍⴰⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵉⵣⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ , ⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷⵙⵓⴷⵙⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵙⵏ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵜⵉⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵎⵉⴷⵏ . ⴷ ⵉⵟⴰⴼ ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ,ⴽⵓ ⵜⵇⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵍⵉ ⵓⵙⴽⵏⴰⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵉⴱⴹⵉ ⴷⴰⵢ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵡⵇⵇⵔ ⵉ ⵓⵏⵓⵃⵢⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴷ ⴷ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴹⴽⵓⵍ ⵏ [[ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] .ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⴰⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵟⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⴰⵏ , ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ, ⴰⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵇⵓⵏ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵜⵉⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵡⵊⴰ ,ⵉⵡⵓⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵍⴰⵏ. ==ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ== ⴽⴰⵏⵜⵉⵏ [[ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ]] ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴳⴷⵓⴷⵜ ,ⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵙⵏⴼⵓⵍ ⵜⵇⴱⵉⵍⵜ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ , ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴼ ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵍⵉⵏ .ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ,ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ, ⵜⵉⵍⴻⵍⵉ,ⴰⴽⴰⵎ ⵅⴼ ⴰⴼⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵉ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵣⵖ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ. [[ⴰⵣⵔⴼ|ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ]], ⵉⵏⴼⵍⴰⵙ, ⴰⵎⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙ [[ⴰⵢⵜ ⵄⵟⵟⴰ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵢⵜ ⵕⴱⵄⵉⵏ]] ⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ|ⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⵏ]] ⵎⵛⵓⵛⴽⴰⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⵢ ⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴳⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵙⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ [[ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ]] ⴷ [[ⴱⵓⵀⵢⵢⵓⴼ]] . ==ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ== * [[ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] * [[ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ]] {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵣⵔⴼ|ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ}} 9cmoct9ruu81bl58g2qoy6uh6zrvepl 3 8012 177685 166665 2026-08-12T12:03:39Z Cabayi 1343 Cabayi ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:CrepuscularRendezvous]] ⵖⵔ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Resumptio]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/CrepuscularRendezvous|CrepuscularRendezvous]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Resumptio|Resumptio]]" 41439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵙⴱⵔⵔⴽ}} --[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:BihiBot|BihiBot]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:BihiBot|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 18:10, 8 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2024 (+01) a7gkta92tf0flsxpvojg28n1n8doxnv 0 19411 177703 157057 2026-08-13T00:36:55Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ}} {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} {{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}} '''ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵡⵍⵜ''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵣⵎⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵉⴱⴹⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵣⵔⵉⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⴹⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⴳⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵛⵎ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ [[ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵏⴱⴽⴰⴹ]] ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⴰ ⵜⵏⵜ<ref>https://fastercapital.com/arabpreneur/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%8A--%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A--%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%8A.html</ref>. '''''ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵡⵍⵜ''''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴱⴽⴰⴹ ⵎⴰⵛ ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵖ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⵉⵔ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵓⵎⵏⵉⴳ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵇⵇⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵏⵏ. ⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵡⵍⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴼⴽ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵅⴼ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵉⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵔⵓⵍⴳⵉⵏ<ref>https://fastercapital.com/arabpreneur/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%8A--%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A--%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%8A.html</ref>. ==ⵉⵙⵍⴳⵏⵏ ⴳ ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ== ===ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ=== ===ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ=== ==ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ== ==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ== <references /> {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}} {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵣⵔⴼ}} [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] 9147vut789fbnf55jx0e643sdjp10h1 0 28251 177702 118426 2026-08-13T00:34:07Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}} {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} '''ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ''' ⵏⵉⵖ '''ⵜⴰⵏⴼⴰ<ref>'''[https://tal.ircam.ma/dglai/search/indexs?session=141359&&val=%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%BC%E2%B4%B0&&e=0&&l=0 ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵔⴽⴰⵎ].'''</ref> ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ''' ⵏⵉⵖ ⴰⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⴰ ⵏ ⴷⵖⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵍ. ==ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ== ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵉⴷⵉ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵓⵎⴳⴰⵍ, ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵉ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵏⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵜⴻⵜⵓⵟⵟⴰ '''ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ''' ⵅⴼ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ, ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⵉⵍ, ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⵟⵟⵓ ⴷ ⵜⵏⵣⵔⵓⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵉ. ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵓ<ref>'''[http://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.elmoussafirfatimazahra.amawal ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ].'''</ref> ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ: ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵡⵇⵇⵔ ⵏⴳⵔ ⴰ ⵜⵙⵏⵜ, ⴰⵙⵙⵏⵜⵎ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎ ⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⴳⴳⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵏⵥⵕⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵔⵓⵙⵏ ⴳ [[ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ]] ⴷ ⵓⵙⴰⵔⵓⴼ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵏⵓⵃⵢⵓⵜⵏ , ⴰⵔ ⵜ ⵏⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵣⵓⴳⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵎ: ⴰⵍⵓⴳⵏ ⴰⵣⴳⴳⵓ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵙⵓⴷⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⵏ, [[ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⵉⵎⴷⵡⵍⵜ]], ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵥⵥⴰⵢⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰ ⵙ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵡⵏⴰⴹ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏ. == ⴰⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ == ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ, ⴰⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵎⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵖⵓⴷⵓ ⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎ ⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜ ⴰⵣⵣⵓⴳⵣ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵉⴼ ⴷ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵖⵎⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵏⵢⵍⴽⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵛⵓⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ<ref>'''[https://mksq.journals.ekb.eg/article_245751_91c6c0ff403633b53b53304264615596.pdf ⵜⴰⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔ, ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⴰⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵄⴰⴱⴷⵀ ⵉⵎⴰⵎ, 2019].'''</ref>. ==ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ== * [[ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ|ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ]] * [[ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⵏⴹⴰⵡ]] * [[ⴰⵍⵓⴳⵏ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏ]] ==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ== <references /> [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ]] hu0s76n4txcwshais4wd9y2hghe2sdb 0 28589 177700 139386 2026-08-13T00:30:56Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177700 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} '''ⵜⵉⵟⵟⵉⵜ'''<ref>'''ⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ 83, ⵉⵔⴽⴰⵎ.'''</ref> '''ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ''' ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜ ⵓⵎⵙⵡⵉⵏⴳⵎ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵕⴰⵏⵙⴰⵡⵉ [[ⵎⵓⵏⵜⵉⵙⴽⵉⵢⵓ]], ⴰⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴰⵔⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ]] ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⴰⴷⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵏⴰⴽⵏ. ⵥⵥⴰⵏ '''ⵕⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏ''' ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ '''ⵜⵉⵟⵟⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ''' ⵙⵎⵔⵙⵏ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴱⵕⴰⵟⵓⵕⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵡⵉ ⵙ ⵖⵎⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⵙ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴰⵜⵉ ⴰⴷⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵜⵉ [[ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ|ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ]] ⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵟⵟⵓ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵏⴰⴽ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵙ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴳ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴱⴹⴰⵏⵜ ⵅⴼ [[ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ]], [[ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵣⴳⴰⵔⵜ]] ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⵓⵣⵔⵉⴼⵜ|ⵜⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⵓⵣⵔⵉⴼⵜ]]. == ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ == == ⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ == *'''[[ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏⵜ]]''' ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴹⵉ ⴳ ⵉⴽⵏⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵥ. ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵣⵓⴳⵣ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵉⴼ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ: ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳ ⴷ ⴰⵣⴰⴳⵣ, ⴷ ⵜⴷⵔⵓ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵣⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⵓⵣⵔⵉⴼⵜ. *'''[[ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵣⴳⴰⵔⵜ]]''' ⵜⴳⴰ ⴷⵉ ⵜⵙⵎⵔⵙⵜ ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵔⵙ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ. ⵖⵎⴽⴰⴷ, ⵜⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴷⵉ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ (ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⵉ ⵉⴳⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵙⵙⵉⵅⴼⵉⵏ). ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵥⵟⵟⵉⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵡⴰⵢ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴼⵍⴰⵙⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵜⴱⵓⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴷⴰⵙⵏ<ref>https://www.cairn.info/revue-dossiers-du-crisp-2016-2-page-9.htm</ref>. *'''[[ⵜⴰⴱⴰⴹⴰ ⵜⵓⵣⵔⵉⴼⵜ]]''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⵓⵏ ⵉⵍⴳⴰⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ. ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ: ⵍⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏ, ⵍⴽⵓⵏⴳⵔⵉⵙ, ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵍⴽⵉⵏⵉⵙⵉⵜ. == ⵉⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ == ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⴷⴷ ⵓⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⵏ "'''ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ''' ⵉ ⵓⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⴷⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵎⴰⵟⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ: #ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵜⴰⵡⴰⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ. #ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ #ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵟⵟⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴱⵟⵟⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ. #ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵏ. #ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⴱⵕⵍⴰⵎⴰⵏ. #ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵥⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⵜ. #ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵜⴰⵏⵎⴰⵙⵜ. == ⴰⵍⴰⵖⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ == == ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ == == ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ == <references /> [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ]] 59g1z6ryoqflbh8cv7obvkoj8raoz3m 0 29055 177705 149830 2026-08-13T00:38:21Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}} {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} '''ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵓⵔⵎⴱⵓⵔⴳ''' ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1950 ⵜⵓⵔⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ, ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵜⵔ ⵏ '''ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ'''. ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴳⵎⴹⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵉⴼ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ '''ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵓⵔⵎⴱⵓⵔⴳ''', ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵉⴱⴹⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ 95 ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1950. ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴰⵖ ⵙⴽⵯⵜⵉⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵏⴱⴽⴰⴹ|ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵏⴽⴱⴰⴹ]] ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴰⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ ⵏ; ''" ⴽⵓ ⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⵓⵙⵙⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⵏⵓⵜⵏ"''. ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵔⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ ⵜⵙⵏⴽⴷ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ ⵙ [[ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ|ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ]]. ⴷⴰ ⵜⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵓⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ "ⴰⵎⵉⵢⴰⴽ* ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⴰⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵔⵓⵜ. ⴰⵡⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵅⵉⴼⵙ ⵜⵙⴳⵎⴹ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵎ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵏⵎⵢⵓⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵓⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉⵏ. == ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵓⵔⵎⴱⵓⵔⴳ == == ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ == == ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ == * [[ⵜⵉⵎⵜⵜⴰ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ]] * [[ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ]] == ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ == [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}} [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ]] t44c5rju21dkd1krqhen4lkm3w6mb0g 0 29056 177706 156033 2026-08-13T00:41:19Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} '''ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ''' ⵏⵉⵖ '''ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰⵡⵉⵏ''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵣⵎⵔ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵟⵟⴼ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵥⵜ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ ⴰⵏⴽⴱⴰⴹ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ [[ⴰⵎⵚⵉⵕⵉⴹ|ⵉⵎⵚⵉⵕⵉⴹⵏ]] ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⵅⴼ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵉⴳⴷⵍ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵡⵏⴰⴽⵏ ⴰⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴹⴰⵜ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴰⴱⵍⴰ ⵉⵖ ⵟⵟⴼ ⵛⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴹⴰⵜ ⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ: '''ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ, ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵣⴷⵉⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ.''' ==ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ== ⵜⵓⵖⴰ ⵓⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ '''ⵍⵓⵜⵙ''' ⵉⴱⴹⵉ ⴰⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵅⴼ '''ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ.''' ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1926, ⵜⵎⴰⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵜ<ref>[http://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.elmoussafirfatimazahra.amawal ⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔ, ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵍ].</ref> ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵜ ⴰⵏⴳⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵏ ⵉⵜⵓⵔⴽⵉⵏ. ⵜⵙⴼⴼⵓⵖ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⵜⴰⵙⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵓⵔⴽⵢⴰ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵏⵣⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵖⴰⵔ ⴰⵢⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵕⵕⴹ ⴰⵏⴱⴽⴰⴹ, ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵓⵏⴳⴰⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵔⴽⵢⴰ<ref>[[iarchive:principlesofinte0000murp_t5x9|Murphy, Sean D. (2006). Principles of International Law. Thomson West. ISBN:0-314-16316-6.]]</ref>. ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵙⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼ ⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ '''ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ''' ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⴷⵍ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴼⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵇⵙⵉⵜⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵍⵓⵣⵣⵓ ⵏ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ ⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ, ⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵥⴹⵉⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵔⵜⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ. ==ⵜⵉⵏⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ== * '''ⴰⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ:''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵓⵔⵜ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵥⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵉⴼⵔⴳ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⴷⴼ ⴰⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉ. * '''ⴰⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ:''' ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴼⵙⵓⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⴷⵙⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ. * '''ⴰⴼⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴷⴷⵓⵖ:''' ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵓⵥⵥⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴷⴷⵓⵖ ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰ. *'''ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ:''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⵅⴼ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵡⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ. ==ⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⴰⵔ== ==ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ== * [[ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵥⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴱⴱⴰⴹⵜ]] *[[ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ]] *[[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵔⴼⵜ]] ==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ== <references /> {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}} {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵣⵔⴼ}} [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] 7gveg4ey29jczfhpxisbba3takvd1bf 0 30193 177697 156526 2026-08-13T00:23:13Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177697 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} '''ⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵍⵓⴳⵏ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ [[ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎ|ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎ]] ⴷ [[ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ|ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ]]. ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴰⵍ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵏ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵜⴼⴰⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⵣⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍ ⵉ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵖ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵓⴼⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ ⵉⴳ ⵓⴽⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵜ. ⵉⵣⴷⵉ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵣⴷⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵉⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵏ, ⵜⴰⵎⵓ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⵓⵔⴷⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ|ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ]] ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵔⵔⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵏⵓⴼ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹ ⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵡⴰⵔⵓⵙⵔⵉⴷ. ⵉⵙ ⴽⴰ ⵓⵔ ⴰ ⵜⴱⴷⵉⵔ ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵔⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵙ [[ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵣⴰⴳⵣ|ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ]] ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ '''ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ''' ⴳ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴼ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵥⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵉⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ '''ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ''' ⵢⴰⵎⵓ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ '''ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ'''. ⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ "ⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍ ⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⵜⵏⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵓⵣⵓⴳⵯⵣ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ '''ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ'''". ⵙ ⵖⵎⴽ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵣⴷⵉ " ⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ" ⵙ " ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ" ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴳⵉⴷⵉ ⴷⵉⵙ. ⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵓⵚⵓ ⵅⴼ ⴰⵣⵔⴰⴽ ⵉ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍⵏ<ref>''[https://app.scinito.ai/article/W4220980403 ⴰⵜⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ, ⵎⵓⵃⴰⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵔⴰⴱⵉⵄ ⴰⵏⵡⴰⵔ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ 187, 2022.]''</ref>. ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵉⵏ , ⵓⵔ ⵉⵣⵔⵎ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵓⵏ (ⴰⵡⵏⴰⴽ) ⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵓⴼ ⵉ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⵔⴰⵏ. ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⴽ ⴰⵏⵏ, ⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵢⵉⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴷⵔⵓ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵜⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎ. ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⴼⴼⵓⵖ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵓⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ. ⴳⴰⵏ '''[[ⴰⵍⵓⴳⵏ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍ|ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍⵏⵏ]] ⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ''' ⵛⵕⴹ ⴰⵎⵢⵉⵡⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ '''ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ''',ⵖⵓⵔⵙⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵜⴰⵟⵟⵓⵢⵏ. ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵏ '''[[ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵏⵎⵢⵓⵔ|ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵏⵎⵢⵓⵔ]] ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ''' ⵉ ⵓⵏⵓⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ ⵉⵖ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵔⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵔ ⴰⵙⵙⵓⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ. ==ⴳ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ== ⵉⵙⴽⵔ [[ⴰⵣⵣⵔⴰⴼ|ⵓⵣⵣⵔⴰⴼ]] ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵍⴰⵡⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ 230<ref>'''[https://web.archive.org/web/20241204112239/https://rnesm.justice.gov.ma/Documentation/MA/4_ONC_Law_ar-MA.pdf ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ, ⴹⴰⵀⵉⵕ 9 ⵕⵎⴹⴰⵏ 1331/ 13 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 1913, ⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍ ⵏ 26 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 2019.]'''</ref> ⴳ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ 1913 ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵏ: {{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text=ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⵔⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰ ⵢⵓⵙⴰⴷⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵙⴳⵎⴹⵏ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ, ⵓⵔ ⵣⵎⵔⵏ ⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⴷ ⴳⴷⵍⵏ ⴱⵍⴰ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⵔⵓⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ.|author=ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ}} ==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ== {{ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵓⵏⵜⵉⵎ}} {{ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ|ⴰⵣⵔⴼ|ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ}} tptwy1ldisi1q1i32gci7ofln64yqqf 0 30376 177699 148721 2026-08-13T00:30:25Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177699 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⴳⵓⵊⵉⵍ}} {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ}} {{ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵙⴰⵏⵏ}} {{ⴰⵎⵓⴷ}} '''ⵜⵓⵎⵎⵍⴰ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ''' ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵖⴰⵍⵏ ⵎⴰⵙⴷ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵚⵕⴷⵏ ⵏⴳⵔ ⴰⵙⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵎⵎⵍⴰ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴰⴼⴰ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵜⵅⵏⴷⴰⵍⴰⵙⵜ, ⵉⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢⵜ ⵅⴼ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵊⵍⵓⵏ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵢⴱⴷⴰⵔ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵖⵓⴷⵓⵏ ⵉⵇⴰⵡⵍⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴹⴰ. ⵜⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵍⵉ ''[[ⴰⵎⵚⵉⵕⵉⴹ|ⵓⵎⵚⵉⵕⵉⴹ]]'' ⴽⵓⴷⵏⵏⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵓⴼⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵇⴰⵡⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵏⴼ ⵉ ⵜⴰⴹⴰ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵓⴱⴰⵢⵟⵟⴰⵕ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰ, ⵏⵖ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵜⵓⵢⵣⵎⵎⴰⵎⵏⵉⵏ ⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵃⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵏⴼ ⵉ ⵉⵣⵓⵛⵛⵍⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵎⵔⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵜⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⵏ [[ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ|ⵜⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ]] ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵀⴰ, ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵎⵎⵍⴰ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓ ⴳ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⵔⴰⵏ<ref>''[https://app.scinito.ai/article/W4220980403 ⴰⵜⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵜⵏ, ⵎⵓⵃⴰⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵔⴰⴱⵉⵄ ⴰⵏⵡⴰⵔ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ 187, 2022.]''</ref>. ==ⵜⵓⵎⵎⵍⴰ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰ== ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵍⵙⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵉⵏ , ⵓⵔ ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵓⵏ (ⴰⵡⵏⴰⴽ) ⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵓⴼ ⵉ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⵔⴰⵏ. ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵎⴽⴰⵏⵏ, ⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵢⴰⵇⵇⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴱⵢⵉⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⵉⴷⵔⵓ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵙⴽⵔ ⵙ ⵓⵜⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵓⵖⵔⵉⵎ. ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⴼⴼⵓⵖ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵓⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⵎⵍⴰ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ. ==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ== <references /> [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ]] n1qkqcushmhvtkw8v6gxj67cn4essn7 4 30705 177692 115213 2026-08-12T20:08:29Z ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ 10568 177692 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text=ⵉⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴷ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⵥⵉⵏ, ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴷ ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ [[ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ|ⴱⵕⵟⴰⵏⵢⴰ]] ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍ|author=ⴰⵏⵣⵉ ⴰⵢⵉⵔⵍⴰⵏⴷ|source=}} 3xu6ym430dy1y3b1iz81awvkvn1aczc 4 30847 177691 115375 2026-08-12T20:04:18Z ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ 10568 177691 wikitext text/x-wiki ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ: [[12 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]]. <!-- ⵉⵣⵎⵣⵣⴰ --> <!-- ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ --> *[[1552]]: ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵢⵉⵏⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵉⴽⵉ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ [[ⵣⵡⴰⵔⴰ]]. *[[1958]]: ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙ [[ⵄⴰⵍⵉ ⵄⴰⴱⴷⴰⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴱⵏ ⵛⴰⵄⴱⴰⵏ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ [[ⵍⵉⴱⵢⴰ]] ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵣⵡⴰⵔⴰ. *[[1990]]: ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵜⵓⵏⵙⵉ [[ⵡⵉⵙⴰⵎ ⴱⵏ ⵉⴷⵉⵔ]] ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⵊⵔⴱⴰ]]. *[[2009]]: ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴽⴰⵜⵛⵓ (ⵄⵍⵉ ⵏⴰⵚⵉⵕⵉ) ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]]. *[[2010]]]: ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴽⵍⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ [[ⵟⴰⵀⵕ ⵡⵟⴰⵕ]]. {{ⴰⵎ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ/ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ}} gwuid42fchcvazxzsisbfhtuybvs55o 177693 177691 2026-08-12T20:26:13Z ⴰⵏⴰⵙ ⵓⵍⵃⵍⵓ 10568 177693 wikitext text/x-wiki ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ: [[12 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ]]. <!-- ⵉⵣⵎⵣⵣⴰ --> <!-- ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ --> *[[1552]]: ⵢⵓⵡⴹ ⵢⵉⵏⴳⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵉⴽⵉ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ [[ⵣⵡⴰⵔⴰ]]. *[[1958]]: ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵖⵏⴰⵙ [[ⵄⴰⵍⵉ ⵄⴰⴱⴷⴰⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴱⵏ ⵛⴰⵄⴱⴰⵏ]] ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⵣⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ [[ⵍⵉⴱⵢⴰ]] ⴷ ⵜⵏⴽⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵣⵡⴰⵔⴰ. *[[1990]]: ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵓⵎⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴰⵜⵓⵏⵙⵉ [[ⵡⵉⵙⴰⵎ ⴱⵏ ⵉⴷⵉⵔ]] ⵏⵏⵉ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵜⵓⵔⵔⵉⵏ ⵉⵥⵓⵕⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ [[ⵊⵔⴱⴰ]]. *[[2009]]: ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴽⴰⵜⵛⵓ (ⵄⵍⵉ ⵏⴰⵚⵉⵕⵉ) ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉⵔ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ [[ⵜⴰⵛⴰⵡⵉⵜ]]. *[[2010]]]: ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⴽⵍⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉ [[ⵟⴰⵀⵕ ⵡⵟⴰⵕ]]. {{ⴰⵎ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ/ⵜⵓⵣⴷⵉⵔⵜ}} ci4vqrndpf23uvj5e2bawvvs16m4v0j 3 34447 177689 123111 2026-08-12T14:49:39Z Aqurs1 3528 Aqurs1 ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:六爷鸣]] ⵖⵔ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:哈局溜肉段]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/六爷鸣|六爷鸣]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/哈局溜肉段|哈局溜肉段]]" 123111 wikitext text/x-wiki ==ⴰⵙⴱⵔⵔⴽ == {{ⴰⵙⴱⵔⵔⴽ}} --[[ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Amazigh Bot|Amazigh Bot]] ([[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Amazigh Bot|ⴰⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ]]) 08:05, 25 ⵛⵓⵜⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 2025 (+01) 3is46jl0d81pw6rggwu32kg340p9wmw 0 52819 177704 177662 2026-08-13T00:37:44Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177704 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ, ⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏ, ⴰ ⴷⴰⵢ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ, ⵣⵡⵓⵔⵏ [[ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] ⵅⴼ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ, ⴷ ⵓⵣⵔⴰⴽ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⴽⵓ ⵢⵉⵡⵏ, ⵉⵎⵏⴱⴰⴹⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴱⴰⴹⵏ. ⵜⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵅⴼ ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ, ⴰⵥⵍⵉⵢ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴱⴹⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴰⴽ<ref>[https://imassn.com/dictionnaire/mot/azrak-1012 ⵜⴰⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ "ⴰⵣⵔⴰⴽ" ⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ].</ref> ⵏ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴰⴱⴷⴷⴰⵔ ⵏ '''ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' ⵜⵜⵡⴰⴷⴼ ⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⴰ. ⴰⵎ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵏ [[ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ|ⵓⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ]] [[ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ|ⴰⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⵉ]] ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ; ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴽⵓⵍⵓⵎⴱⵢⴰ, ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ, ⵜⵙⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⴰⵎ: ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ « Estado social de derecho »; ⵙ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵏⵜⵜⴰⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵜ, ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖⵏ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 11 ⵛⵜⴰⵎⴱⵉⵔ 2001 ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵎⴰⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴷⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ (OEA), ⵜⵙⵙⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵏⴱⴹⵉⵏ ⴳⴰⵔ ⵜⴷⵉⵎⵓⵇⵕⴰⵟⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ.<ref>{{lien web |titre=L’État de droit en Amérique latine et au Canada |url=https://droitcivil.uottawa.ca/fr/letat-droit-amerique-latine-au-canada |site={{lang|en|Faculty of Law - Civil Law section}} |éditeur=[[université d'Ottawa]] |consulté le=11-10-2021}}.</ref> ==ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ== ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵓⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ '''ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' ⴳ ⵓⵕⵓⴱⴱⴰ ⴰⵎ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵇⵍ ⵅⴼ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵜⴰⵎⴱⵕⴰⵟⵓⵕⵉⵜ, ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴹⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵎⵉ, ⴷ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏⵖ ⴰⵎⴱⵕⴰⵟⵓⵕ ⴰⵎ: ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵏⵖⵉ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵖⵏ.<ref>ⴰⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵔⴽⴰⵎ, ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ 76.</ref><ref> 68ـ محمد سبيال: زمن العولمة: دار توبقال للنشر، الطبعة األولى، الدار البيضاء/ المغرب،5119، ص: .22 العدد 22 أكتوبر 2222 45</ref> ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴷ 80, ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵔⵎⵎⵓⵙ ⵏ '''ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' ⴰⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⵏ ⴰⵎ ⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴹⵉ, ⴷ ⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵏⵓⵃⵢⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴼⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ. ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵉⴽⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔⵉⵜ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵔⵙⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵍⴳⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵎⴰ ⵜⵜ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⵓⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ. ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵢⴰⴹ, ⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⵔ, ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵉⴷⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵏⴰⵥ ⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵕⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⴰⴼ ⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵡⵡⵓⵏⴽⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⵣⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴱⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵔⵔⵓⵜ ⵉ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⴱⴽⴽⵉⴹⵏ.<ref>[https://journal-strategic.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86-3.pdf] دولة القانون والمؤسسات والنظام الديموقراطي,Rule of law, institutions and democratic system د. سيد المين سيد عمر الشيخ] D. Sid LeminOuld Sid Amar Cheikh أستاذ متعاون بكلية الحقوق ـ جامعة نواكشوط العصرية، موريتانيا وبالمدرسة الوطنية لإلدارة والصحافة والقضاء، أكتوبر 2022.]</ref> ⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⵏ ⴷⵖⵉ ⵉⴱⴹⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⴳⵎⴰⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴷ ⵜⴱⴰⴹⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵔⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵙⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵍⴳⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ. ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴰⴱⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵔⴰⴽ ⵏ ⵉⴱⴹⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵎⴰⵛⵛ ⵜⵓⵎⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵍⴳⵏⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵓⵛⵛⵉⵍ ⵙ ⵉⴱⴹⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. <ref> أحمد فتحي سرور: الحماية الدستورية للحقوق والحريات، دار الشروق، القاهرة، الطبعة الثانية، ،5111 ص:20 </ref> ==ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ== <references /> [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⴰⵣⵔⴼ]] [[ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ]] tmqw0jtjwrsfytz8nmgdrja0go0h9xv 0 52825 177707 177654 2026-08-13T01:29:21Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177707 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⴰ''' ⴷ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⴳ [[ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ|ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ]], ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ ⴰⵙⴼⵉ. ⵜⴰⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵓⵙⵉ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵖⵔⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ [[ⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⴰ]] ⴷ ⵓⵣⴷⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵙⴼⴰⵟ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ OCP (Office Chérifien des Phosphates). ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ, ⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵣⴷⵉ ⵙ ⵉⴼⵉ ⵏ ⵍⴼⵓⵚⴼⴰⵟ. == ⵜⵉⵎⵍⵎⴰⴷⵉⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⴰ== {| class="wikitable" |+ ⵜⵉⴳⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵄⵎⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⴰ ! ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ !! ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵜ !! ⴰⵏⴰⵡ !! ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ !! ⴰⵣⵎⵣ !! ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵅⴼ ⵍⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⴰ |- | 1 || ⵍⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⴰ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏⵜ || 65,669 || 2024 || 0 ⴽⵎ (ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ) |- | 2 || ⵛⵛⵎⴰⵄⵉⵢⴰ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⴰⵏⵜ || 26,547 || 2024 || ~22 ⴽⵎ |- | 3 || ⵔⴰⵙ ⵍⵄⴰⵢⵏ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⵜ || 19,089 || 2024 || ~26 ⴽⵎ |- | 4 || ⵙⵙⴱⵄⴰⵜ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⵜ || 19,345 || 2014 || ~6 ⴽⵎ |- | 5 || ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⵛⵉⴽⵔ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⵜ || 18,709 || 2004 || ~49 ⴽⵎ |- | 6 || ⵍⵅⵡⴰⵍⵇⴰ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⵜ || 16,375 || 2014 || ~28 ⴽⵎ |- | 7 || ⵍⴽⵓⵏⵜⵓⵔ (ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⴰⵃⵎⴷ) || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⵜ || ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⴼ || — || ~8 ⴽⵎ |- | 8 || ⵉⵖⵓⴷ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⵜ || ⵓⵔ ⵢⵜⵜⵡⴰⴼ || — || ~55 ⴽⵎ |- | 9 || ⵊⵏⴰⵏ ⴱⵓⵢⵀ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⵜ || ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⴼ || — || ~36 ⴽⵎ |- | 10 || ⵟⵟⵢⴰⵎⵉⵎ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⵜ || ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⴼ || — || ~18 ⴽⵎ |- | 11 || ⵡⵊⴷⵓⵔ || ⵜⴰⵖⵔⵎⵜ || ⵓⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⴼ || — || ~28 ⴽⵎ |} '''ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ (2024):''' 246,148 ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ, ⴳ 2,919 ⴽⵎ². == ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ == ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵓⵙⵓⴼⵉⵢⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵓⵚⴼⴰⵟ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵏⵜⵉⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴰⴷ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⴼⵓⵚⴼⴰⵟ. ⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵊⵎⵎⵉⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴼⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⴰⴷ. == ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ == 7xxluwjcm6u2p29axnhm5393q6k0ls6 3 52831 177686 2026-08-12T12:03:39Z Cabayi 1343 Cabayi ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:CrepuscularRendezvous]] ⵖⵔ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Resumptio]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/CrepuscularRendezvous|CrepuscularRendezvous]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/Resumptio|Resumptio]]" 177686 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:Resumptio]] bbb31jpwv02f7lo8omzbvrr679sh9qm 3 52832 177690 2026-08-12T14:49:39Z Aqurs1 3528 Aqurs1 ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵙⴳ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:六爷鸣]] ⵖⵔ [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:哈局溜肉段]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user "[[Special:CentralAuth/六爷鸣|六爷鸣]]" to "[[Special:CentralAuth/哈局溜肉段|哈局溜肉段]]" 177690 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ⴰⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ:哈局溜肉段]] 88or31xxv9o5wz47xbuklfxvz49rb03 0 52833 177694 2026-08-13T00:14:36Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 ⴰⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴼⵏⵉⵇⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ. 177694 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#switch:{{#time:n}} |1 = [[File:Law book.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |2 = [[File:Justice.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |3 = [[File:Scales of justice.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |4 = [[File:Law court.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |5 = [[File:Constitution.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |6 = [[File:Parliament.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |7 = [[File:Lawyer.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |8 = [[File:ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ..jpg|thumb|ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴱⴹⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵙⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵜ.]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |9 = [[File:Court of law.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |10 = [[File:Law and justice.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |11 = [[File:Legal documents.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' |12 = [[File:Law books.jpg|250px|center]] '''ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' }} jo55azk6q0ink0wrju9ycr1hcrzmase 0 52834 177695 2026-08-13T00:18:28Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 ⴰⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴼⵏⵉⵇⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ. 177695 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#switch:{{#expr:({{#time:n}}-1) mod 3}} |0 = '''ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵍⴰⵍⵏ''' ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵍⴰⵍⵏ. |1 = '''ⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵖⵓⵏ''' ⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵖⵓⵏ. |2 = '''ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ''' ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ. }} 0sf4s4r3kiiupdfogmmqso39ktyo2n0 177696 177695 2026-08-13T00:20:20Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 177696 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#switch:{{#expr:({{#time:n}}-1) mod 3}} |0 = {{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text='''ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵉⴼⵔⵉⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵍⴰⵍⵏ'''}} |1 = {{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text='''ⴰⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵖⵓⵏ'''}} |2 = {{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text='''ⴰⴷⵓⵙⵜⵓⵔ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵡⴰⵏⴽ'''}} }} lwqj6496escpkj0bv084cbbfeeiwl6l 14 52835 177698 2026-08-13T00:27:20Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 Created page with "<includeonly> <div class="boite-grise" style="border:1px solid #DD8F56; background:#fff3c6; padding:10px; margin:10px 0;"> '''ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' {{{1|}}} </div> </includeonly><noinclude> '''ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⴳⴰⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵥ..." 177698 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly> <div class="boite-grise" style="border:1px solid #DD8F56; background:#fff3c6; padding:10px; margin:10px 0;"> '''ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' {{{1|}}} </div> </includeonly><noinclude> '''ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ''' ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵍⴳⴰⵎⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵏⴱⴷⴰⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵔⴼⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵓⵙⵍⴳⵏ ⵙ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵥⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. '''ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰ:''' <nowiki>{{ⵉⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⴼ|ⴰⵣⵔⴼ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵏⵣⴰⵢ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ.}}</nowiki> </noinclude> ns11vtc3tr23hpvxam077w87r5bvhoh 4 52836 177708 2026-08-13T11:02:41Z ABDELATIF ANADJAR 14 Created page with "{{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text=ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵚⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⴼⵓⵍⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵖ ⴳⵔ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ|author=ⴰⵏⵣⵉ ⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔ|source=ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵎⵓⵙⵜⴰⵡⵉ,2002}}" 177708 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ⴰⴱⴷⴰⵔ|text=ⵓⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵚⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⴼⵓⵍⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⵖ ⴳⵔ ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ|author=ⴰⵏⵣⵉ ⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔ|source=ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵎⵓⵙⵜⴰⵡⵉ,2002}} ov7fulbop45q7yu74iid17x6d13kl43