User:GerardM/Fellows of the Royal Society of South Africa

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    <title>User:GerardM/Fellows of the Royal Society of South Africa</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T12:23:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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      <comment>Wikidata list updated [V2]</comment>
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      <text bytes="72064" sha1="oelq2fkl4mm4b9k6i7klvn90douyj0r" xml:space="preserve">[https://tools.wmflabs.org/reasonator/?q=Q60986464 Fellows of the Royal Society of South Africa] 

{{Wikidata list
|sparql=
SELECT 
  DISTINCT ?item 
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?publications) AS ?count)
  (REPLACE(STR(?item), &quot;.*Q&quot;, &quot;Q&quot;) AS ?qid)
  (CONCAT( &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;|&quot;, ENCODE_FOR_URI(?count), &quot;]] / &quot;, &quot;[[toolforge:scholia/author/&quot;, ?qid , &quot;/missing{{!}}📖]]&quot;) AS ?scholia)

WHERE { 
  ?item wdt:P166 wd:Q60986464 .
  OPTIONAL { ?publications wdt:P50 ?item }
}
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|sort=P166/Q60986464/P585
|sort_order=desc
|columns=label:Article,P106,P496,P1960,P214,P166/Q60986464/P585:Date conferred,P18:Image,?scholia:Publications (known/missing)
|thumb=128
|min_section=2
}}
{| class='wikitable sortable'
! Article
! occupation
! ORCID
! Google Scholar author ID
! VIAF
! Date conferred
! Image
! Publications (known/missing)
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81710423|Joseph P. Michael]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81710423|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81710423/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80701780|Donald A. Cowan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80701780|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80701780/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21448010|Tebello Nyokong]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[USolwazi]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1162163|director]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-9926 0000-0002-4590-9926]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QUpAXHcAAAAJ QUpAXHcAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6031160486121605180005 6031160486121605180005]
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21448010/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81711757|Graham Mitchell]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81711757|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81711757/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42931372|Bert Klumperman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-274X 0000-0003-1561-274X]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/313554514 313554514]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42931372|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42931372/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77820561|Fazal M. Mahomed]]''
| ''[[:d:Q72271334|professor of mathematics]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6995-5820 0000-0002-6995-5820]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=phJrkvwAAAAJ phJrkvwAAAAJ]
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77820561|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77820561/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1267093|Elisabeth Vrba]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/85250115 85250115]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/93322823 93322823]
| 1985
| [[File:Elisabeth Vrba 2009-02.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1267093|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1267093/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83012615|Nikolaas J van der Merwe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1984
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83012615|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83012615/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20731808|Grae Worster]]''
| [[umfundindalo]]
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20731808|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20731808/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83158893|David Woods]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1987
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83158893|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83158893/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28086200|Geoff Garrett]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/52270408 52270408]
| 2000
| [[File:Geoff Garrett CS6 270116-lg.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28086200/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83159139|Walter Zucchini]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2732142|statistician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/2722490 2722490]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83159139|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83159139/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5019897|Calie Pistorius]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| [[File:Calie Pistorius.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5019897/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61679353|Dudley Shallcross]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-9221 0000-0001-7614-9221]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=igQanooAAAAJ igQanooAAAAJ]
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61679353|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61679353/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58220468|Francesco Petruccione]]''
| [[umfundindalo]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Usonzululwazi|imfundondalo]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-0913 0000-0002-8604-0913]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=chM4fT4AAAAJ chM4fT4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51907883 51907883]
| 2013
| [[File:Francesco Petruccione blazer.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58220468/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61104159|Duncan Mitchell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-4773 0000-0001-8989-4773]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NdpBRSMAAAAJ NdpBRSMAAAAJ]
| 
| 1984
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61104159/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81144632|Arnold Knopfmacher]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81144632|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81144632/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80568773|Ronald J. Clarke]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80568773|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80568773/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80569011|John D. Clemens]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80569011|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80569011/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80569202|T. Eugene Cloete]]''
| 
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fOUypFkAAAAJ fOUypFkAAAAJ]
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80569202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80569202/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81146665|Rosina C. Krecek]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81146665|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81146665/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81147058|Peter G.L. Leach]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81147058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81147058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81147828|Richard H. Lemmer]]''
| [[umfundindalo]]
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81147828|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81147828/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15839341|Jill Farrant]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839136|cell biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1450-7967 0000-0002-1450-7967]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=OIeulVQAAAAJ OIeulVQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/275262507 275262507]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15839341|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15839341/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q56065756|Shabir A. Madhi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-0636 0000-0002-7629-0636]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ok2EswEAAAAJ ok2EswEAAAAJ]
| 
| 2016
| [[File:Shabir Madhi for Fundación Civio.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56065756/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6759640|Margaret Levyns]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1907198|taxonomist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q47825396|phytogeographer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q98544732|scientific collector]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/76028114 76028114]
| 
| [[File:Margaret Rutherford Bryan Levyns.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6759640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6759640/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79853945|Theodor John Stewart]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2732142|statistician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-5955 0000-0002-2107-5955]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8wH5tTkAAAAJ 8wH5tTkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/15146153191805252771 15146153191805252771]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79853945/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82016605|Harald Pasch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1132-3393 0000-0003-1132-3393]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/116848382 116848382]
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82016605|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82016605/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23772750|Herbert Basil Sutton Cooke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/79388488 79388488]
| 1946
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23772750|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23772750/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2150124|Richard M. Cowling]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3514-2685 0000-0003-3514-2685]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=eH34bIQAAAAJ eH34bIQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/34611234 34611234]
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2150124|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2150124/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57078993|Claude Carignan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Ugqayinyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-6151 0000-0001-9089-6151]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=r2_oRUMAAAAJ r2_oRUMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/232336283 232336283]
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57078993/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81732311|Luigi R. Nassimbeni]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81732311|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81732311/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80435053|Janine B. Adams]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435053|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435053/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80435477|Christopher C. Appleton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12773412|parasitologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435477|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435477/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80435992|D. Margaret Avery]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16831394|mammalogist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0784-7047 0000-0003-0784-7047]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/311367956 311367956]
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435992|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80435992/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80436020|Len J. Barbour]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80436020|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80436020/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81733608|Vernon M. Neppe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81733608|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81733608/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23777458|Patricia Berjak]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/43105677 43105677]
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23777458|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23777458/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81013097|Peter W. Froneman]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81013097|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81013097/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4891802|Beric Skews]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4891802|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4891802/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q32860776|Felix Dapare Dakora]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9070-6896 0000-0002-9070-6896]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DW22bZEAAAAJ DW22bZEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/9379653 9379653]
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q32860776/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79427702|Keith P. Klugman]]''
| [[Inyanga (umelaphi)|inyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6637-728X 0000-0001-6637-728X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=T-mgWmkAAAAJ T-mgWmkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/5261457 5261457]
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79427702|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79427702/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23778547|Peter B. Best]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/16138947 16138947]
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23778547|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23778547/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q712043|Arthur William Rogers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q18805|naturalist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/17978036 17978036]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q712043|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q712043/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80438063|Guy C. Bate]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80438063|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80438063/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81014873|Andrew K. Galwey]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81014873|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81014873/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81015192|Christoph F. Garbers]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81015192|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81015192/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q75969884|Ahmed C. Bawa]]''
| [[umfundindalo]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5889-5295 0000-0002-5889-5295]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=pcgmSn4AAAAJ pcgmSn4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/249897491 249897491]
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75969884|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q75969884/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52758677|Susan W. Nicolson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-9383 0000-0001-6024-9383]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/19932833 19932833]
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52758677|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52758677/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42666979|Steven L. Chown]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6069-5105 0000-0001-6069-5105]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/64258857 64258857]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42666979|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42666979/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29981691|Nigel C. Bennett]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9748-2947 0000-0001-9748-2947]
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29981691|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29981691/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22340726|Jennifer Thomson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3779582|microbiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-0357 0000-0002-2243-0357]
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| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/54380859 54380859]
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22340726|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22340726/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60834357|Brian Warner]]''
| [[Ugqayinyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;[[umbhali]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16063546|historian of science]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/109805982 109805982]
| 1976
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60834357|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60834357/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18161438|Salim Abdool Karim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-2133 0000-0002-4986-2133]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Xh1qaJ4AAAAJ Xh1qaJ4AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/273180719 273180719]
| 2003
| [[File:Slim portrait 2020.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18161438|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18161438/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20756981|Peter Vale]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1238570|political scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-9325 0000-0003-0805-9325]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=-oLobmUAAAAJ -oLobmUAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/39521399 39521399]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20756981|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20756981/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80444317|Kanti D. Bhoola]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80444317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80444317/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71650707|Hendrik B. Geyer]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71650707/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82175664|Michael Perrin]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82175664|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82175664/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q6775598|Martin Hall]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/117559096 117559096]
| 2001
| [[File:Professor Martin Hall.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6775598|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q6775598/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80447055|R.D. Bigalke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q202883|veterinarian]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/287462074 287462074]
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80447055|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80447055/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1586575|Harry Irving]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/422145857117322922525 422145857117322922525]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/91856523 91856523]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1586575|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1586575/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61993822|David Glasser]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9510-722X 0000-0001-9510-722X]
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| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/121088199 121088199]
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993822/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q61993821|Diane Hildebrandt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7873-8855 0000-0001-7873-8855]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=2SQ-120AAAAJ 2SQ-120AAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/34119349 34119349]
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61993821/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80447621|Judy M. Bishop]]''
| ''[[:d:Q82594|computer scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9986-7269 0000-0001-9986-7269]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=fTryeZAAAAAJ fTryeZAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/111091523 111091523]
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80447621|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80447621/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71654754|Andries Johannes van der Walt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2325224|constitutional lawyer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q185351|jurist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/58628637 58628637]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71654754|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71654754/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2165640|Ronald J. Clarke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17488316|prehistorian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2145981|restorer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q21272406|paleoanthropologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/147008726 147008726]
| 
| [[File:Ronald Clarke.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2165640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2165640/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q38640649|Andrew E. McKechnie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1524-1021 0000-0002-1524-1021]
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38640649|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38640649/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q15429379|Paul Cilliers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4964182|philosopher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/328371 328371]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15429379|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15429379/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q21340974|Bruce S. Rubidge]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2477-1873 0000-0003-2477-1873]
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| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21340974|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21340974/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q82901586|Stuart J. Saunders]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/38148628 38148628]
| 1992
| [[File:Stuart Saunders, Vice-chancellor of UCT.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82901586|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82901586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q21341244|Ansie Dippenaar-Schoeman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q17344952|arachnologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1532-1379 0000-0003-1532-1379]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/68612009 68612009]
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341244|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341244/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81027633|Andre Goosen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81027633|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81027633/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q21341400|Maureen Coetzee]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q107292086|medical entomologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2019-866X 0000-0003-2019-866X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jbWH4QUAAAAJ jbWH4QUAAAAJ]
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21341400/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q26820569|John Francis Thackeray]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-382X 0000-0001-6884-382X]
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| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/56318959 56318959]
| 2009
| [[File:Koenigswald-Lecture 2016 John Francis Thackeray 01.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26820569|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26820569/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81028595|John J. Gurney]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81028595|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81028595/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5340086|Edna P. Plumstead]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q30059961|paleobotanist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/23411195 23411195]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5340086|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5340086/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81029575|Friedrich  W. Hahne]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81029575|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81029575/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82903855|Louis Scott]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82903855|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82903855/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q49168166|Terence J. Robinson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4298-4891 0000-0002-4298-4891]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=LLaJvSEAAAAJ LLaJvSEAAAAJ]
| 
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q49168166/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q78434764|David Mason]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78434764/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82904164|Michael S. Scurrell]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82904164|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82904164/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81030104|Raymond J. Haines]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81030104|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81030104/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q60991028|George Ekama]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PWje2ogAAAAJ PWje2ogAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/311249909 311249909]
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60991028/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81031522|Eric H. Harley]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81031522|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81031522/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q7793599|Thomas Robertson Sim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16334507|bryologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11900058|explorer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''
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| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/20209164 20209164]
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| [[File:Tr sim00.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7793599|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7793599/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81176926|Steven J. Lennon]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81176926|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81176926/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q76419491|Jan-Hendrik S. Hofmeyr]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419491/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q76419567|Igor Barashenkov]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419567|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76419567/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81177218|Owen A.M. Lewis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1980
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81177218|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81177218/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77717266|Michael Charles Kew]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1987
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77717266/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81177625|James D. Lewis-Williams]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81177625|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81177625/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q11256815|David Mark Richardson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9574-8297 0000-0001-9574-8297]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Rdfu4uoAAAAJ Rdfu4uoAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/85249968 85249968]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q11256815/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q42830282|Peter Henzi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6175-1674 0000-0001-6175-1674]
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42830282|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42830282/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q15438215|Walter Wargau]]''
| [[Ugqayinyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/72240426 72240426]
| 
| [[File:Walter Wargau (Student).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15438215|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15438215/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q79306387|Norman Pammenter]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79306387/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81036719|William F. Harris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q7888586|chemical engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81036719|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81036719/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q42544590|Daniela Cristina Stefan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1919436|pediatrician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16062369|oncologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5740-1209 0000-0001-5740-1209]
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42544590/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q82912218|Yackoob K. Seedat]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912218|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912218/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81038008|Walter D. Heiss]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81038008|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81038008/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82912585|Mary K. Seely]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912585|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912585/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82912954|Milton Shain]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/6810157704216544440001 6810157704216544440001]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/91941266 91941266]
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912954|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82912954/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q37643854|Gregory L. Blatch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-8577 0000-0003-0778-8577]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/272043681 272043681]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37643854/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q19623171|Clarence Van Riet Lowe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q13582652|civil engineer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/62837606 62837606]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19623171|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19623171/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q82914193|Vere Shannon]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3546255|oceanographer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82914193|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82914193/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43267916|Susan A. Bourne]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-2843 0000-0002-2491-2843]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=OlFQMW4AAAAJ OlFQMW4AAAAJ]
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43267916|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43267916/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q82915241|Merwyn Shear]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1978
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82915241|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82915241/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q450598|Lee Berger]]''
| ''[[:d:Q21272406|paleoanthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q205375|inventor]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q239272|Australopithecus africanus]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0367-7629 0000-0002-0367-7629]
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| 2011
| [[File:Lee Berger image 2006.JPG|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q450598/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q76716731|Thomas Ford]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-794X 0000-0002-8896-794X]
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76716731/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q7660145|Sydney Skaife]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q18805|naturalist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/117949603 117949603]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/86323194 86323194]
| 
| [[File:Hendrik Brand.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7660145|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7660145/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q82917146|Peter E. Spargo]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1986
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82917146|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82917146/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52353159|Stephanie G. Burton]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-8420 0000-0002-3094-8420]
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52353159|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52353159/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q73836164|Perry T. Kaye]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5997-8121 0000-0002-5997-8121]
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q73836164|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q73836164/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q70377150|Lynn Morris]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1836-8415 0000-0002-1836-8415]&lt;br/&gt;[https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3961-7828 0000-0003-3961-7828]
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| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70377150|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70377150/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q54086671|Norman Owen-Smith]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8429-1201 0000-0001-8429-1201]
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| 2003
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54086671/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q5213742|Dan J. Stein]]''
| ''[[:d:Q211346|psychiatrist]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[USolwazi]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Inyanga (umelaphi)|inyanga]]
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| 2012
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742|29]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5213742/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q17612495|Quarraisha Karim]]''
| ''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
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| 2014
| [[File:Quarraisha Abdool Karim.jpg|center|128px]]
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| ''[[:d:Q57259567|Charles B. de Koning]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4525-5130 0000-0003-4525-5130]
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| 
| 2013
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57259567|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57259567/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q15451201|Geoffrey Blight]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11424604|earth scientist]]''
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| 1991
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15451201|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15451201/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q2043552|Johannes van Staden]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-1281 0000-0003-0515-1281]
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| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/562159234013403370477 562159234013403370477]
| 1990
| [[File:Prof johannes van staden-1595341335.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2043552/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q80761328|W.P.M. de Ruijter]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3546255|oceanographer]]''
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| 2001
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80761328|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80761328/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81915116|Haralambos Parolis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81915116|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81915116/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q80762518|Cesáreo A. Dominguez]]''
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| 1996
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80762518|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80762518/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q80762761|Siegfried E. Drewes]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80762761|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80762761/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71104683|Willem Albert Hanekom]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6788-1645 0000-0002-6788-1645]
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| 2013
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71104683/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q5074942|Charles Abercrombie Smith]]''
| [[Usonzululwazi|imfundondalo]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Usopolitiki|usombusazwe]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[File:Sir Charles Abercrombie Smith - Scientist and politician - Cape Colony.png|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5074942|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5074942/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q53952047|William J. Bond]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3441-2084 0000-0002-3441-2084]
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| 1998
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53952047|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q53952047/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q53808040|Michael T Davies-Coleman]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
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| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/85647578 85647578]
| 2008
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| ''[[:d:Q81056277|Michael J.R. Hoch]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81056277|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81056277/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q15459092|Charles K. Brain]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
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| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/30825610 30825610]
| 1976
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15459092/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81056623|Alan N. Hodgson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81056623|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81056623/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q42420373|Guy F. Midgley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-0869 0000-0001-8264-0869]
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| 2014
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42420373/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q56406446|Alan K. Whitfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1452-7367 0000-0003-1452-7367]
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| 2005
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56406446|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56406446/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81060675|Leon C. Isaacson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1975
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81060675|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81060675/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81060977|Tom Jarrett]]''
| [[Ugqayinyanga]]
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81060977|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81060977/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q61598221|Chaudry Masood Khalique]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1986-4859 0000-0002-1986-4859]
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| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61598221|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61598221/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q78610632|Ebrahim Momoniat]]''
| ''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78610632/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q5084053|Charles van Onselen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864380|biographer]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3903-8052 0000-0002-3903-8052]
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| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/64050944 64050944]
| 1998
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5084053|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5084053/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q26998207|Athelstan Cornish-Bowden]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[File:Athelstan Hall Cornish-Bowden in about 1885.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26998207|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q26998207/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q60590121|Robin Wood]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4276-7117 0000-0002-4276-7117]
| 
| 
| 2013
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60590121|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60590121/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q21664327|Lawrence Crawford]]''
| ''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''
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| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/7559173124545030300005 7559173124545030300005]
| 1909
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21664327|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21664327/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q80053967|Peter Doughtrey Tyson]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80053967/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q20656400|Hoosen Coovadia]]''
| [[Inyanga (umelaphi)|inyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20656400/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q70827557|Simon Henry Connell]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6000-7245 0000-0001-6000-7245]
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| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70827557/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81064210|Graham I.H. Kerley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2702-5200 0000-0003-2702-5200]
| 
| 
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81064210|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81064210/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q42571640|Jane Carruthers]]''
| ''[[:d:Q201788|historian]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8210-4599 0000-0001-8210-4599]
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| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/4128165628894642480006 4128165628894642480006]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/48310877 48310877]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42571640/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q21522991|Richard N. Pienaar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12358881|phycologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/187578662 187578662]
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21522991|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21522991/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q42572405|Marion Bamford]]''
| ''[[:d:Q30059961|paleobotanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-130X 0000-0003-0667-130X]
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| 2006
| [[File:Prof. Marion Bamford.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42572405/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q5236554|David Lewis-Williams]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1371378|ethnologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/14885319 14885319]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5236554|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5236554/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q56849521|Leon M.T. Dicks]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5157-9046 0000-0002-5157-9046]
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56849521|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q56849521/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q5092799|Cheryl de la Rey]]''
| ''[[:d:Q212980|psychologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| [[File:Cheryl de la Rey.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5092799/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q54254936|Kelly Chibale]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3400985|academic]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-646X 0000-0002-4541-646X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=BAk6GbcAAAAJ BAk6GbcAAAAJ]
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| 2009
| [[File:2025UniLeiden450-4.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q54254936/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81791833|Darragh O’Donoghue]]''
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| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/315709107 315709107]
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81791833|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81791833/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q1348676|Sydney Samuel Hough]]''
| [[Ugqayinyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[umfundindalo]]
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/35236785 35236785]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1348676|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1348676/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42293328|Patricia Ann Whitelock]]''
| ''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-4432 0000-0002-4678-4432]
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| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/24755014 24755014]
| 2000
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42293328/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q22109577|Richard S. K. Barnes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16868721|carcinologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-5994 0000-0002-5773-5994]
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| 2013
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22109577|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22109577/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q7837812|Trefor Jenkins]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
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| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/46916068 46916068]
| 1975
| [[File:Trefor Jenkins00.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q7837812/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q22112378|Roger M. H. Smith]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
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| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NlTbMPoAAAAJ NlTbMPoAAAAJ]
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| 2008
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| ''[[:d:Q71274564|Fazal Mahmood Mahomed]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71274564/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q19661724|Lyn Wadley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0053-0813 0000-0003-0053-0813]
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| 2014
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19661724/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q21392406|Richard Vernon Dingle]]''
| ''[[:d:Q21484199|ostracodologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1983
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21392406|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21392406/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81511934|Marcelo P. Loewe]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81511934|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81511934/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q81512201|John E. Lowther]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2005
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81512201|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81512201/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q19519928|Henda C. Swart]]''
| ''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''
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| 1996
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19519928|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q19519928/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q21394246|William Wardlaw Thompson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4205432|ichthyologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21394246|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q21394246/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q78629970|Vincent Clifford Moran]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q78629970/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q80936790|Paul de Villiers du Plessis]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80936790|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80936790/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q80937821|Patrick G. Eriksson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80937821|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80937821/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q80938027|Arthur G. Every]]''
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| 
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| 
| 1997
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80938027|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80938027/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q80938181|Melvin Faierman]]''
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| 
| 
| 
| 1999
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| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80938181|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80938181/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q43165660|Edward Rybicki]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-9911 0000-0001-8024-9911]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VHZLh3EAAAAJ VHZLh3EAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8027168049010038410006 8027168049010038410006]
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43165660/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q15485098|Michael William Feast]]''
| [[Ugqayinyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8908-1630 0000-0002-8908-1630]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/34323769 34323769]
| 1982
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15485098|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q15485098/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60610431|Brian R. Allanson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3640160|marine biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3644587|hydrologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/45581243 45581243]
| 1968
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60610431|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60610431/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80939015|John G. Field]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3546255|oceanographer]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939015|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939015/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80939244|John S. Field]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939244|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939244/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80939459|Peter I. Folb]]''
| [[Inyanga (umelaphi)|inyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2114605|pharmacologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/10782647 10782647]
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939459|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80939459/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q348933|Isaac Schapera]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/108544741 108544741]
| 
| [[File:Isaac Schapera, c1950s.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q348933|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q348933/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80653014|John D. Comins]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80653014|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80653014/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046038|Pieter Steyn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1996
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046038|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046038/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046041|Douglas Butterworth]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046041|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046041/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046058|Lionel Opie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Inyanga (umelaphi)|inyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3264451|cardiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/59161562 59161562]
| 1983
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q61046066|B. Daya Reddy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q81096|engineer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-4821 0000-0002-8250-4821]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CWYli-kAAAAJ CWYli-kAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/108617120 108617120]
| 1992
| [[File:Daya Reddy 2018.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q61046066/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q4819906|Chris Brink]]''
| ''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/62228603 62228603]
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q4819906/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82533058|Raymond Pollard]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2001
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82533058|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82533058/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80082536|Brian W. Van Wilgen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-7521 0000-0002-1536-7521]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5FfLX_4AAAAJ 5FfLX_4AAAAJ]
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80082536/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q71576562|Neil John Coville]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5370-1386 0000-0001-5370-1386]
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71576562|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q71576562/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20831540|Judith Sealy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-8211 0000-0001-5071-8211]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=hjy8MDAAAAAJ hjy8MDAAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27100360 27100360]
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20831540|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20831540/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80520476|Michael E. Brown]]''
| ''[[:d:Q104693589|chemistry teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1988
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80520476|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80520476/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80521092|Michael N. Bruton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80521092|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80521092/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q29052586|Brenda Wingfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3126128|geneticist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6189-1519 0000-0002-6189-1519]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=9tCXKQ0AAAAJ 9tCXKQ0AAAAJ]
| 
| 2007
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q29052586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82539949|Roger E. Raab]]''
| [[umfundindalo]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82539949|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82539949/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80521586|James R. Bull]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80521586|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80521586/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80522068|Mino R. Caira]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80522068|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80522068/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79946604|Edward Sturrock]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2006
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79946604/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q70720643|Mike Wingfield]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2487799|mycologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9346-2009 0000-0001-9346-2009]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wT4V7isAAAAJ wT4V7isAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/14989035 14989035]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/22155914471039401883 22155914471039401883]
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q70720643/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77803|Selmar Schonland]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/40795045 40795045]
| 
| [[File:Schonland Pretoria.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77803|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77803/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59187857|Douglas E. Rawlings]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8167 0000-0002-2521-8167]
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59187857|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59187857/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79660900|Roland Schulze]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3644587|hydrologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 1993
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79660900/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q52701989|Robin M Crewe]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4398-8250 0000-0003-4398-8250]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/172379736 172379736]
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52701989|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q52701989/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42178276|Renée Kraan-Korteweg]]''
| [[Ugqayinyanga]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0202-6250 0000-0002-0202-6250]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/272584657 272584657]
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42178276/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43188044|Willem Heber van Zyl]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-353X 0000-0001-8195-353X]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wbYsUOUAAAAJ wbYsUOUAAAAJ]
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43188044/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q60055963|João P. Rodrigues]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1980-3845 0000-0002-1980-3845]
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q60055963/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q91052641|John Parkington]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6127-6826 0000-0001-6127-6826]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tk-A4MsAAAAJ tk-A4MsAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/36952076 36952076]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q91052641/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q59624330|Paul R. Manger]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-2854 0000-0002-1881-2854]
| 
| 
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59624330|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q59624330/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76926947|Ronald Harley]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1326886|electrical engineer]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/192970031 192970031]
| 1990
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76926947/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82549683|Laurence J. Robb]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82549683|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82549683/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51697828|Kathryn H. Myburgh]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4501-2120 0000-0003-4501-2120]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=DXNUiEEAAAAJ DXNUiEEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/205963403 205963403]
| 2017
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51697828/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q23008763|Johann Carl Vogel]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[umfundindalo]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/171593751 171593751]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23008763|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q23008763/missing|📖]]
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| ''[[:d:Q77793537|Horst Helmut Klump]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793537/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q77793851|Klaus Koch]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3845-4406 0000-0003-3845-4406]
| 
| 
| 2002
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q77793851/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82984689|Rudolph J van Aarde]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82984689|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82984689/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80533870|Philip Charles]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80533870|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80533870/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80534086|Robert W. Charlton]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1991
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80534086|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80534086/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q18685421|Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1662561|paleontologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9786-5080 0000-0002-9786-5080]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=jYYbmqEAAAAJ jYYbmqEAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/27342603 27342603]
| 2006
| [[File:Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan, West Coast Fossil Park tour.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q18685421/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82985262|Jan van den Ende]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82985262|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82985262/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q82553257|Allen L. Rodgers]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2010
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82553257|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q82553257/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q76931737|Manfred Armin Hellberg]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q76931737/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q51846346|Renfrew Christie]]''
| ''[[:d:Q134284649|anti-apartheid activist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q20826540|scholar]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/62928676 62928676]
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q51846346/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1387629|George F. R. Ellis]]''
| [[umfundindalo]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15980158|non-fiction writer]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[Ugqayinyanga]]
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8484-0629 0000-0001-8484-0629]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=K2h8IqwAAAAJ K2h8IqwAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/109637661 109637661]
| 1983
| [[File:George Ellis 0040.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1387629/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83132581|Albertus S. van Jaarsveld]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83132581|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83132581/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q524221|John Hewitt]]''
| ''[[:d:Q4773904|anthropologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16271064|herpetologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q17344952|arachnologist]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q524221|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q524221/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q58336810|Andrew Cooper]]''
| ''[[:d:Q11424604|earth scientist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4972-8812 0000-0003-4972-8812]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wck4s-UAAAAJ wck4s-UAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/55808460 55808460]
| 2013
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58336810|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q58336810/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83134393|Johan van Zyl]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83134393|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83134393/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q2976150|John Jackson]]''
| [[Ugqayinyanga]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q752129|astrophysicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/51317806 51317806]
| 1934
| [[File:JohnJackson(astronomer).jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2976150|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q2976150/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q22006961|Valerie Mizrahi]]''
| ''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q15839206|molecular biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4824-9115 0000-0003-4824-9115]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=apDyKMgAAAAJ apDyKMgAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/8150380426913370197 8150380426913370197]
| 2000
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q22006961/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81549700|Adolf Conrad Matthee]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2014
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81549700|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81549700/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83135813|Morris J. Viljoen]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/29202617 29202617]
| 1994
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83135813|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83135813/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q39885100|Aletta E. Schutte]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9217-4937 0000-0001-9217-4937]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=f1oels0AAAAJ f1oels0AAAAJ]
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q39885100/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q5861359|John Patrick Rourke]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/33298739 33298739]
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5861359|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q5861359/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83137250|Richard P. Viljoen]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1998
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83137250|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83137250/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1681675|Jan C. A. Boeyens]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/29820137 29820137]
| 1988
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1681675|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1681675/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q96489|Achim Richter]]''
| ''[[:d:Q16742096|nuclear physicist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[umfundindalo]]
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WU_HsKkAAAAJ WU_HsKkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/232819266 232819266]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q96489|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q96489/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q1971138|Mary Agard Pocock]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12358881|phycologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q11900058|explorer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3148760|botanical illustrator]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[UMfundisi]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q98544732|scientific collector]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/16153470956745082416 16153470956745082416]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1971138|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q1971138/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q25615160|Paul Daniel Hahn]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q5428874|academic staff]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| [[File:Prof Paul Daniel Hahn.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q25615160|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q25615160/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38304462|Robert P. Millar]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2919046|biochemist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q350979|zoologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-2708 0000-0003-3606-2708]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/94387090 94387090]
| 2008
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38304462/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q38305842|Wayne M. Getz]]''
| ''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q864503|biologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q12765408|epidemiologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q61791734|biomathematician]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-9354 0000-0001-8784-9354]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/93683896 93683896]
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38305842|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q38305842/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81701088|Terence S. McCarthy]]''
| ''[[:d:Q520549|geologist]]''
| 
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=8nW-dTkAAAAJ 8nW-dTkAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/11612688 11612688]&lt;br/&gt;[https://viaf.org/en/viaf/65534637 65534637]
| 1994
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81701088|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81701088/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63391519|Sunil D. Maharaj]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-2849 0000-0002-1967-2849]
| 
| 
| 2011
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63391519/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81701559|Anton McLachlan]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1992
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81701559|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81701559/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q43496916|Michael J. Samways]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4237-6025 0000-0003-4237-6025]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/94489949 94489949]
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q43496916/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q40902255|Julia Lee-Thorp]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3621491|archaeologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3291-0258 0000-0002-3291-0258]
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/36637061 36637061]
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q40902255|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q40902255/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q28648152|Martin P. Hill]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0579-5298 0000-0003-0579-5298]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=GKGAgoUAAAAJ GKGAgoUAAAAJ]
| 
| 2016
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28648152|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q28648152/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81702755|David S. McLachlan]]''
| 
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1560-1293 0000-0002-1560-1293]
| 
| 
| 1997
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81702755|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81702755/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81702888|Chrisopher D. McQuaid]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81702888|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81702888/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q55175748|Helder M. Marques]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1675-3835 0000-0003-1675-3835]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ZDz2O5sAAAAJ ZDz2O5sAAAAJ]
| 
| 2004
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55175748|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q55175748/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q63764|Harriet Margaret Louisa Bolus]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2083925|botanical collector]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q19507792|scientific illustrator]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q674426|curator]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1907198|taxonomist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q98544732|scientific collector]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/171765397 171765397]
| 
| [[File:Harriet Margaret Louisa Bolus.jpg|center|128px]]
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63764|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q63764/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q64835914|Karl Schilcher]]''
| [[umfundindalo]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/59603504 59603504]
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64835914|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q64835914/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q69449514|Mary Scholes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q60244908|plant physiologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-9537 0000-0001-5762-9537]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qNlkIIMAAAAJ qNlkIIMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/177145857889223021078 177145857889223021078]
| 2003
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q69449514/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q48256805|Gordon D Brown]]''
| ''[[:d:Q1650915|umcwaningi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-936X 0000-0003-4922-936X]
| 
| 
| 2012
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48256805|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q48256805/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42778663|Robert J. Scholes]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15839134|ecologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q2374149|botanist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-6935 0000-0001-5537-6935]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WR7VpKUAAAAJ WR7VpKUAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/71468733 71468733]
| 1999
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42778663/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q20721396|Anna-Lise Williamson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q15634281|virologist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-1200 0000-0002-5467-1200]
| 
| 
| 2005
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q20721396/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q81707103|Barry V. Mendelow]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1995
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81707103|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q81707103/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q37736202|John Morrison]]''
| ''[[:d:Q170790|mathematician]]''&lt;br/&gt;[[umfundindalo]]&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q1622272|university teacher]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/3862173124540430300008 3862173124540430300008]
| 
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37736202|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q37736202/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83150510|Anthony D. M. Walker]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1988
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83150510|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83150510/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q79402317|Otto Walter Prozesky]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 1989
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q79402317/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q83150751|Heribert Weigert]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83150751|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q83150751/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q80700386|Lesley A. Cornish]]''
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 2009
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80700386|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q80700386/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q12364088|Hugh Paterson]]''
| ''[[:d:Q3055126|entomologist]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q16063497|evolutionary biologist]]''
| 
| 
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/35854115 35854115]
| 1980
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12364088|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q12364088/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q42784019|Kevin J. Naidoo]]''
| ''[[:d:Q593644|chemist]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-3708 0000-0002-9898-3708]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=sGaDPpQAAAAJ sGaDPpQAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/65994373 65994373]
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q42784019/missing|📖]]
|-
| ''[[:d:Q57777886|Michael Meadows]]''
| ''[[:d:Q2560911|physical geographer]]''&lt;br/&gt;''[[:d:Q333634|umhumushi]]''
| [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8322-3055 0000-0001-8322-3055]
| [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=EufqPQMAAAAJ EufqPQMAAAAJ]
| [https://viaf.org/en/viaf/78996 78996]
| 2015
| 
| [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57777886|0]] / [[toolforge:scholia/author/Q57777886/missing|📖]]
|}
{{Wikidata list end}}</text>
      <sha1>oelq2fkl4mm4b9k6i7klvn90douyj0r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Izitshalo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18613</id>
    <revision>
      <id>128315</id>
      <parentid>125854</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:30:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dominik aus Wien</username>
        <id>20288</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bengilithuthukisa ikhasi leli</comment>
      <origin>128315</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3450" sha1="sm5fmc601z97a57dln40xbe3cwhi3g1" xml:space="preserve">
[[File:Diversity of plants image version 6.jpg|thumb|357x357px|Izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo]]

'''Izitshalo''' ziyiziphili emvelendeni ezakha umbuso wezitshalwa. Ziyiziphili zomdibakhanya, okusho ukuthi zithola isidlakasi sazo ekukhanyeni kweLanga. Lokho zikwenza ngokusebenzisa uhlazazane olusemaqabungeni azo ukuze zikhiqize ushukela ngamanzi nomCalahle ontuhlambili. Ezingabalwa kulokhu izitshalo eziyizinhlwithamsoco ezingenazo izifuzisi zohlazazane nomdibakhanya njengoba zithola isidlakalasi kusuka kwezinye izitshalo nokhunta. Izitshalo eziningi zingomangqamuzana ngaphandle kolwelwe.

Ngokomlando, njengomchazampilo  ka-Aristotile, umbuso wezitshalo wawuhlanganisa konke okuphilayo okungezona izilwane, kuhlanganisa nokukhunta. Izincasiselo zanamuhla azisahlanganise konke okuphilayo, ezinye azilubali nhlobo ukhunta.

Kukhona imiqhinqo eyizi-380,000 eyaziwayo yezitshalo futhi eziyizi-260,000 zithela imbewu. Ziyahlukahlukana ngokobungako kusuka emangqamuzaneni kuya emithini eyizidlomothi. Izitshalo eziluhlaza yizo ezihlinzeka umhlaba ngemizwayo yesohwe eyanele ushukela eziwukhiqizayo wona uhlinzeka izimpilandawonye neziphili zomhlaba ngesidlakalasi.

Okusanhlamvu, izithelo  nezilimo zazilokhu ziwukudla okuyisisekelo kwabantu kusukela endulo. Abantu basebenzisa izitshalo ukwenza Izinto eziningi ezihlanganisa ukuba izithako zokwakha, izithako zokubhala, ukuhlobisa, namakhambi wokwelapha. Inzululwazi ezicwaninga ngezitshalo zibizwa ngokuthi umchazazitshalo okuyigatsha lomchazampilo.

== Izitshalo ezitholakala eNingizimu Afrika ==
Uma ungafunda mayelana nezithelo namajikijolo buka: '''[[Izithelo]]'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Izitshalo ezitholakala eNingizimu Afrika
!Igama lesiZulu
!Igama lesiNgisi
!Igama lesayensi
!Izithombe
|-
|[[Inhlaba]], Inkalane
|Aloe
|
|
|-
|[[Umthombe]]
|Fig tree
|
|
|-
|[[Umthobokala]]
|Peach
|
|
|-
|[[Umkhanyakude (Isihlahla)|Umkhanyakude]]
|Fever tree
|
|
|-
|[[Umsinsi]]
|Coral tree
|
|
|-
|[[Isigude]]
|Crane flower
|Strelitzia reginae
|
|-
|[[Umfongothi]]
|Sausage tree
|Kigelia africana
|
|-
|[[Imphepho]]
|Licorice plant
|Helichrysum petiolare
|
|-
|[[Umhlanga (Isitshalo)|Umhlanga]]
|Reed
|
|
|-
|[[Umhlonyane]]
|African wormwood
|Artemisia afra
|
|-
|[[ILala|Ilala]]
|Lala palm
|Hyphaene coriacea
|
|-
|[[Isundu elinabayo|Isundu]]
|Wild date palm
|Phoenix reclinata
|
|-
|[[Unsukumbili]]
|
|Hypericum aethiopicum
|
|-
|[[Isibhaha]]
|Pepper bark tree
|Warburgia salutaris
|
|-
|[[Ishongwe]], Ishowe
|
|Xysmalobium
|
|-
|[[Ugobho]]
|River pumpkin
|Gunnera perpensa
|
|-
|[[Ilabatheka]]
|African potato
|Hypoxis hemerocallidea
|
|}

== Izinkomba ==
Kenrick, Paul; Crane, Peter R. (1997). The origin and early diversification of land plants: A cladistic study. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.&lt;ref&gt;Kenrick, Paul,Crane,Peter r.(1997). The original and early diversification of land plants: A cladistic study. Washington, D.C.: Smothsonian Institution Press&lt;/ref&gt;

Hull, David L. (2010). Science as a Process: An Evolutionary Account of the Social and Conceptual Development of Science. University of Chicago Press. p. 82. &lt;ref&gt;Hull, David L. (2010). Science as a Process: An Evolutionary Account of the Social and Conceptual Development of Science. University of Chicago Press. p.82&lt;/ref&gt;

Copeland, H. F. (1956). The Classification of Lower Organisms. Pacific Books. p. 6.&lt;ref&gt;Copeland, H. F. (1956). The classification of Lower Organisms. Pacific. p. 6.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Category:Izitshalo]]</text>
      <sha1>sm5fmc601z97a57dln40xbe3cwhi3g1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>128316</id>
      <parentid>128315</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:46:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dominik aus Wien</username>
        <id>20288</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bengilungisa</comment>
      <origin>128316</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3810" sha1="bf5h9igj86ibup3dkxl5tahqyai3tvi" xml:space="preserve">
[[File:Diversity of plants image version 6.jpg|thumb|357x357px|Izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo]]

'''Izitshalo''' ziyiziphili emvelendeni ezakha umbuso wezitshalwa. Ziyiziphili zomdibakhanya, okusho ukuthi zithola isidlakasi sazo ekukhanyeni kweLanga. Lokho zikwenza ngokusebenzisa uhlazazane olusemaqabungeni azo ukuze zikhiqize ushukela ngamanzi nomCalahle ontuhlambili. Ezingabalwa kulokhu izitshalo eziyizinhlwithamsoco ezingenazo izifuzisi zohlazazane nomdibakhanya njengoba zithola isidlakalasi kusuka kwezinye izitshalo nokhunta. Izitshalo eziningi zingomangqamuzana ngaphandle kolwelwe.

Ngokomlando, njengomchazampilo  ka-Aristotile, umbuso wezitshalo wawuhlanganisa konke okuphilayo okungezona izilwane, kuhlanganisa nokukhunta. Izincasiselo zanamuhla azisahlanganise konke okuphilayo, ezinye azilubali nhlobo ukhunta.

Kukhona imiqhinqo eyizi-380,000 eyaziwayo yezitshalo futhi eziyizi-260,000 zithela imbewu. Ziyahlukahlukana ngokobungako kusuka emangqamuzaneni kuya emithini eyizidlomothi. Izitshalo eziluhlaza yizo ezihlinzeka umhlaba ngemizwayo yesohwe eyanele ushukela eziwukhiqizayo wona uhlinzeka izimpilandawonye neziphili zomhlaba ngesidlakalasi.

Okusanhlamvu, izithelo  nezilimo zazilokhu ziwukudla okuyisisekelo kwabantu kusukela endulo. Abantu basebenzisa izitshalo ukwenza Izinto eziningi ezihlanganisa ukuba izithako zokwakha, izithako zokubhala, ukuhlobisa, namakhambi wokwelapha. Inzululwazi ezicwaninga ngezitshalo zibizwa ngokuthi umchazazitshalo okuyigatsha lomchazampilo.

== Izitshalo ezitholakala eNingizimu Afrika ==
Uma ungafunda mayelana nezithelo namajikijolo buka: '''[[Izithelo]]'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Izitshalo ezitholakala eNingizimu Afrika
!Igama lesiZulu
!Igama lesiNgisi
!Igama lesayensi
!Izithombe
|-
|[[Inhlaba]], Inkalane
|Aloe
|
|
|-
|[[Umthombe]]
|Natal fig
|Ficus natalensis
|
|-
|[[Umthobokala]]
|Peach
|
|
|-
|[[Umkhanyakude (Isihlahla)|Umkhanyakude]]
|Fever tree
|Vachellia xanthophloea
|[[File:Day 60 Fever Tree (Vachellia xanthophloea) (53339066956).jpg|center|frameless]]
|-
|[[Umsinsi]]
|Coral tree
|Erythrina lysistemon
|[[File:Erythrina lysistemon 0841.jpg|center|frameless]]
|-
|[[Isigude]]
|Crane flower
|Strelitzia reginae
|[[File:Strelitzia reginae River of Life Church 240 Hamilton Rd Chermside IMGP1905.jpg|center|frameless]]
|-
|[[Umfongothi]]
|Sausage tree
|Kigelia africana
|[[File:Kigelia-Africana-Serengeti.JPG|center|frameless]]
|-
|[[Imphepho]]
|Licorice plant
|Helichrysum petiolare
|
|-
|[[Umhlanga (Isitshalo)|Umhlanga]]
|Reed
|
|
|-
|[[Umhlonyane]]
|African wormwood
|Artemisia afra
|
|-
|[[ILala|Ilala]]
|Lala palm
|Hyphaene coriacea
|
|-
|[[Isundu elinabayo|Isundu]]
|Wild date palm
|Phoenix reclinata
|
|-
|[[Unsukumbili]]
|
|Hypericum aethiopicum
|
|-
|[[Isibhaha]]
|Pepper bark tree
|Warburgia salutaris
|
|-
|[[Ishongwe]], Ishowe
|
|Xysmalobium
|
|-
|[[Ugobho]]
|River pumpkin
|Gunnera perpensa
|
|-
|[[Ilabatheka]]
|African potato
|Hypoxis hemerocallidea
|
|}

== Izinkomba ==
Kenrick, Paul; Crane, Peter R. (1997). The origin and early diversification of land plants: A cladistic study. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.&lt;ref&gt;Kenrick, Paul,Crane,Peter r.(1997). The original and early diversification of land plants: A cladistic study. Washington, D.C.: Smothsonian Institution Press&lt;/ref&gt;

Hull, David L. (2010). Science as a Process: An Evolutionary Account of the Social and Conceptual Development of Science. University of Chicago Press. p. 82. &lt;ref&gt;Hull, David L. (2010). Science as a Process: An Evolutionary Account of the Social and Conceptual Development of Science. University of Chicago Press. p.82&lt;/ref&gt;

Copeland, H. F. (1956). The Classification of Lower Organisms. Pacific Books. p. 6.&lt;ref&gt;Copeland, H. F. (1956). The classification of Lower Organisms. Pacific. p. 6.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Category:Izitshalo]]</text>
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    <title>Ndlovu</title>
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      <text bytes="1860" sha1="6svvvn4eoe3bwxpar4pdo41kpkc1ofm" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ndlovu surname.png|thumb|Ndlovu surname]]
Elithi '''Ndlovu''' [[Isibongo|liyisibongo]] esidumile eAfrika. Kukhona oNdou, Tlou, Njovu njll.
==Izithakazelo==
Boya benyathi (obusonga busombuluka)Mpongo kaZingelwayoNdlovu zidl' ekhaya ngokweswel' abelusiZaze zeluswa intombi uDemazaneNina bakwaKhumbul' amagwalaNina bakwaDemazane NtombazanaNina bakwaS'hlangu sihle, MthiyaneNgokuthiy' amadoda emazibukweniNina bakwaMdubusi
==Osaziwayo==
'''UNdlovu''' angabhekisa ku:

* U[[Dino Ndlovu]] (owazalwa ngo-1990), umdlali webhola lezinyawo waseNingizimu Afrika
* U[[Dudu Mntowaziwayo Ndlovu]] (Dudu Zulu) (1957-1992), umlingani ka[[Johnny Clegg]] odansa [[isiZulu]] iminyaka eminingi
* U[[Gerald Ndlovu]] (owazalwa ngo-1984), umdlali webhola waseZimbabwe
* [[Hastings Ndlovu]], (1961-1976), umfana wesikole omnyama weSowetan owashona ngesikhathi kuvukelwa umbuso waseSoweto ngenqubo yo[[Uhlelo lobandlululo|bandlululo]]
* [[Lindela Ndlovu]], isifundiswa saseZimbabwe kanye nePhini likaShansela weNational University of Science and Technology
* U[[Methembe Ndlovu]] (owazalwa ngo-1976), owayengumdlali webhola waseZimbabwe
* [[Moses Ndlovu]], iPhini likaNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle e[[IZimbabwe|Zimbabwe]]
* U[[Peter Ndlovu]] (owazalwa ngo-1973), umgadli webhola waseZimbabwe
* [[Ndlovu, Robert|Robert Ndlovu]], [[umbhishobhi]] omkhulu waseHarare njengamanje
* U[[Sandile Ndlovu]] (owazalwa ngo-1980), umgadli webhola lezinyawo waseNingizimu Afrika
* [[Sikhanyiso Ndlovu]], [[usopolitiki]] wase[[IZimbabwe|Zimbabwe]] futhi owake waba nguNgqongqoshe Wezokwazisa Nokushicilela
* U[[Siphesihle Ndlovu]] (owazalwa ngo-1996), umdlali webhola wase[[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|Ningizimu Afrika]]
* U[[Takalani Ndlovu]] (owazalwa ngo-1978), [[Umdlalo wezibhakela|umshayisibhakela]] osezingeni eliphezulu waseNingizimu Afrika
[[Category:Izibongo-zamalimi abamnyama]]</text>
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    <title>Izithelo</title>
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      <text bytes="3812" sha1="fu4r2qxozn4tuj9tq5c60ccl5qipd9u" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Blackberryraspberrystrawberry.jpg|thumb| Izithelo ezintsha]]
[[File:Culinary_fruits_front_view.jpg|thumb| Izithelo zokupheka]]
[[File:Pomegranate_fruit_-_whole_and_piece_with_arils.jpg|thumb| Imihalinandi ophelele nocezu]]
Kumchazazitshalo, '''isithelo''' siwuhlaka  oluzala imbewu ezitshalweni eziqhakazayo olubumbeka esizalweni ngemuva kokuqhakaza.

Izithelo yizindlela izitshalo eziqhakazayo (ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-angiosperms ) ezisabalalisa imbewu yazo. Izithelo ezidliwayo ikakhulukazi sekuyisikhathi eside zisakazwa kusetshenziswa ukufuduka kwabantu nezilwane ebudlelwaneni obusondelene obuyindlela yokusakazeka kwembewu kweqembu elilodwa nokondleka kwelinye; empeleni, abantu nezilwane eziningi sebencike ezithelweni njengomthombo [[Ukudla|wokudla]] .Ngenxa yalokho, izithelo zibanga ingxenye enkulu yomkhiqizo wezolimo emhlabeni, kanti ezinye (njenge- [[Ihhabhula|iphumezi]] nehalananda ) zithole izincazelo eziningi zamasiko nezimpawu.

Ekusetshenzisweni kolimi okuvamile, &quot;isithelo&quot; ngokujwayelekile sisho izakhiwo ezihambisana nembewu (noma umkhiqizo) wezitshalo ezivame ukuba mnandi noma zimuncu futhi zidliwe endaweni eluhlaza, njengama- [[Ihhabhula|iphumezi]], ubhanana, umhleke, umhlina, intshungwa, kanye namaumkomfana. Lapho lisetshenziswa ngokomcazazitshalo igama elithi &quot;izithelo&quot; lifaka izinhlaka eziningi ezingenziwanga ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi &quot;izithelo&quot;, ezifana nati, izindumba zamaqobolondo, izikhwebu zombila, [[Utamatisi|intshelane]], kanye nomdloyo okusanhlamvu.

== Amagama wezithelo ==
Uma ungafunda mayelana nezitshalo buka: '''[[Izitshalo]]'''

African Star fruit - [[Isalasazane]]

Apple - [[iPhumezi]]

Apricot - [[umNozane]]

Avacado - uKwatapheya

Banana - [[Ubhanana|iBhanana]]

Blackberry – iJingijolo

Blueberry – [[Inhlamvulu]]

Calabash – uSelwa

Cherry – uMantshibe

Cranberry – [[Isithubuka]]

Coconut – [[umQhekezani]]

Date plum - [[Umgqasundu|ingqasundu]]

Dragon Fruit – inHlabangwane

Granadilla - iJembuluka

Grapes - [[UMhleke|umHleke]]

Grape fruit – [[Ikhakhangeji]]

Guava - [[Igwava|isiPhofu]]

Figs - [[Ikhiwane]], umDenda, iKhukhuboya, umNcongo, isAbumu, umPoba

Kiwi - [[umgqumunundu]]

Kumquat - [[umchoko]]

Lemon - [[Ulamula|umHlina]]

Lime - [[uMcako]]

Lychee - umGebezani

Mulberry - iTshalo

Mango - [[Umango]]

Morula - umGano

Naartjie - [[Ingeji]]

Orange - [[INtshungwa (isithelo)|inTshungwa]]

Passion fruit - [[Isimiliminci]]

Papaya - [[iNhlwanyene]]

Peach - [[Umthobokala|umThobokala]]

Pear - umGanandoda

Plantain - uKhova

Prickly Pear - umTolofiya; iBhoma

Plum - umTshudansomi

Pineapple - [[INhlabanjano]]

Pomegranate - [[umhalinadi]]

Tangerine - [[umthamuji]]

Raspberry - [[Umkleleva]]

Strawberry - [[Umkomfanaka]]

StarFruit - [[Umkwezi|umKwezi]]

Watermelon - [[Ikhabe|iKhabe]]

IBhonsi - Salacia Kraussi

UbuKhwebelezane - Berry of ubuKhwebezane

UDonqa - Sesamum Indicum

UmGulukuza - Strychnos mackenii

[[UGqumgqumu]] - Cape Gooseberry

UGwenya - Harpephyllum

InGqasundu - Berry of isundu palmetto

Umhlalanyoni - Tassel Berry

Uhlukwe - Arum Lily

IsiKhwali - Vigna Triloba

UmNanja - Berry of umNanja

UmNcaka - Erythroxylon Pictum

AmaNombela - Fruit of umNombela

UmNukwe - Berry of umNukwe

UNdala - Hyphaene coriacea

UmNdoni - Eugenia Cordata

INsinsi - Berry of iNsinsi

IsiNwazi - Cissus Cuneifoila

UmNyezane - Cape Willow

IPhubhulu - Mimusops

IQathe - fruit of umQathe

IsiQathaqatha - Berry of IsiQathaqatha

UmQokolo - Kei Apple

UmQoqo - fruit of umQoqo

[[Umsobo]] - Nightshade

Thangazane - Luffa sphaerica

InTeshe - Berry of inTeshe

InTongwane - Berry of inTongwane

[[Umthunduluka|IThunduluka]] - Ximenia caffra

UmTulo - fruit of umViyo

UmGwinya - fruit of umGwinya

Dried fruit (any kind) - iBhuncana

UNokahlu - bird lime

[[INqakadi]] - Acorn

Ground nuts – umkhwili</text>
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    <title>Isithuthi samazuba</title>
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      <text bytes="11407" sha1="s3lqn9q0n04zw8hxrpytxfk43ubr2yo" xml:space="preserve">{{multiple image
| image_width       = 270px
| perrow            = 2
| image1            = BMW i3 home charging CRI 04 2021 8137.jpg
| image2            = Solar Impulse SI2 pilote Bertrand Piccard Payerne November 2014 (slightly cropped).jpg
| image3            = HSC China Zorrilla at Incat June 2025 2.jpg
| image4            = N700-2000 series X50 Shin-Shimonoseki 20140901.jpg
| image5            = BYD Elbuss.jpg
| image6            = Geero 2 Touring Classic Cream plus 2021.jpg
| image7            = Tesla Semi 6 (cropped).jpg
| image8            = LD 250408 23 4 S Front (cropped).jpg
| footer            = Izithuthi zamazuba zomhlaba jikelele ''(kusuka kwesokunene kuya kwesokudla, uqala phezulu)'':
* [[Imoto yamazuba]]: yohlobo lwe-BMW i3 idlwezwa kusuka esiqhazeni samazuba.
* Indiza yamazuba: ebizwa Solar Impulse 2, eduze ngokuzongolozela Imbulunga yomhlaba.
* Umkhumbi wamazuba, obizwa ''China Zorrilla'', isithuthi sesiphathanzuba esikhulu.
* Isitimela samazuba sejubane: sohlono lwe-N700 Series Shinkansen saseJapani
* Ibhasi lesiphathanzuba: ibhasi lenkampani BYD eLandskrona, eSwedeni
* Ingqayika yamazuba, ebizwa Geero: enesiohatuanzuba esisuswayo esididiyewle ethunjini elisezansi.
* Iloli lamazuba: lohlono lwe-Class 8, lakwa-Tesla, eRocklin, eCalifornia
* Isithuthi samazuba esiyingolovane: sohlobo lwe-Italcar Attiva C2S.4
}}

'''Isithuthi samazuba (EV)''' [[Imoto|yimoto]] esebenza ngenjini kagesi eyodwa noma ezingaphezu, ethatha amandla kumabhethri angaphinde agcwaliswe noma kunkqubo yokugcina amandla eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. [[Izimoto zikagesi]] zifaka phakathi izimoto, amabhasi, [[izithuthuthu]], amaloli namabhayisikili. Leli gama livame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukubhekisela ezimotweni zomgwaqo ezinamaphakethe webhethri angavuselelwa kabusha angashajwa kusuka kumthombo wamandla kagesi wangaphandle.

Izimoto zikagesi azikhiqizi ukungcola okuqondile lapho zisetshenziswa khona, okuhlukanisa zivela ezimotweni ezisebenzisa injini yokushisa yangaphakathi egijima kaphethiloli noma kudizili. Ngenxa yalokho, sezibhekwa kakhulu njengobuchwepheshe obubalulekile emizamweni yokunciphisa ukungcola komoya emadolobheni kanye nokukhishwa kwemisi emhlophe evela embonini yezokuthutha. &lt;ref&gt;I-International Energy Agency.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Isichasiselo semigomo ==
Izigaba zezimoto zikagesi zifaka izinhlobo eziningana ezihlukene zokushayela, futhi ukuvutha phakathi kwazo kuvamile. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zimi kanje:&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: Electric Vehicles|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Imoto kagesi ebhethri (BEV) ===
Imoto kagesi ebhethri (BEV) isebenza ngokuphelele ngogesi ogciniwe kuphakethe [[Ibhethri|lebhethri]] elakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ayinayo injini yokushisa yangaphakathi futhi ayikhiqizi ukungcola okukhishwa ngenxa yokushisa. Ibhethri ligcwaliswa ngokuxhuma imoto kumthombo wamandla wangaphandle. Izibonelo zifaka i-BYD Dolphin, i-Volkswagen ID.3 ne-Tesla Model 3.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: All-Electric Vehicles|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric-basics-ev|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Imoto ye-plug-in hybrid kagesi (PHEV) ===
Imoto ye-plug-in hybrid kagesi (PHEV) inayo zombili injini kagesi esebenza ngebhethri nenjini yendabuko yokushisa uphethiloli. Ibhethri lingashajwa ngogesi oluvela ngaphandle, futhi imoto ingahamba ibanga elilinganiselwe ngogesi kuphela ngaphambi kokuba injini yokushisa uphethiloli ithathe ukulawula. Izibonelo zifaka i-BYD Atto 2 DM-i ne-Volvo XC60 Recharge.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric-basics-phev|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Imoto kagesi ehlanganisiwe (HEV) ===
Imoto kagesi ehlanganisiwe (HEV), kwesinye isikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi &quot;i-hybrid ezizitshaja yodwa&quot;, nayo ihlanganisa injini kagesi nenjini yokushisa yangaphakathi, kodwa ibhethri alikwazi ukushajwa ngomthombo wangaphandle.  Ibhethri ligcwaliswa lapho imoto ibremha noma ihamba ngaphandle kokusebenzisa injini, kanye nenjini uqobo. Ngenxa yokuthi ayikwazi ukuxhunywa kagesi, i-HEV ayiyona imoto kagesi exhunywayo futhi ayinikezi ukonga uphethiloli okufana ne-BEV noma i-PHEV. I-Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid iyisibonelo se-HEV.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: Hybrid Electric Vehicles|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric-basics-hev|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Imoto kagesi ehlanganisiwe ethambile (MHEV) isebenzisa injini encane kagesi ukusekela injini yokushisa, kodwa ayikwazi ukusebenza ngogesi kuphela. Nakuba kwesinye isikhathi ithengiswa njengezimoto &quot;zogesi&quot; noma &quot;ezihlangene&quot;, i-mild hybrid iseyinjini kaphethiloli noma yedizili ngokuyisisekelo futhi inikeza ukonga okuncane kakhulu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Articles|title=BEV, PHEV or HEV: The Differences Affect the Architecture|url=https://www.aptiv.com/en/insights/article/bev-phev-or-hev-the-differences-affect-the-architecture|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=Aptiv|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

=== Imoto kagesi esebenzisa iseli likaphethiloli (FCEV) ===
Imoto kagesi esebenzisa iseli likaphethiloli (FCEV) ikhiqiza ugesi ngaphakathi emotweni ngokuphenduka kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwe-hydrogen ne-oksijini, ikhiqiza kuphela umusi wamanzi njengomkhiqizo ohlangene. Ama-FCEV, afana neToyota Mirai, awasasebenzi kabanzi ezimakethe zokuhweba.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/fuel-cell|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Indlela izimoto zikagesi ezisebenza ngayo ==
Izimoto ezisebenza ngamabhethri kagesi zigcina amandla ebhethri elikhululekile elinika amandla imoto eyodwa noma ezingaphezulu zikagesi ezixhunywe emavili agudlukayo. Ngokungafani nezinjini zangaphakathi ezishisayo, izinjini zikagesi zinikeza i-torque ephezulu kakhulu kusukela ekuqaleni, okunikeza izimoto ezisebenza ngamabhethri kagesi (BEVs) ukusheshisa okunamandla. Ibhhethri liyashajwa lapho imoto ibreka noma ihamba ngaphandle kokuchofoza, njengoba ukujikeleza kwemoto kudalela ugesi ogcwalisa ibhhethri. Lokhu kwandisa ibanga lemoto.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: How Do All-Electric Cars Work?|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/how-do-all-electric-cars-work|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: All-Electric Vehicles|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric-basics-ev|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ubude bohambo be-BEV buxhomeke ngobukhulu bebhethri yayo, elilinganiswa ngamahora e-kilowathi (kWh), ukusebenza kahle kwemoto kanye ne-drivetrain, kanye nezici ezifana ne-aerodynamics, ijubane, izinga lokushisa, nokuthi ingabe i-air conditioning isetshenziswa. Ama-BEV anamuhla anikeza ibanga eliphakathi kuka-250 km no-600 km ngokushaja okugcwele.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=EV Basics: Understanding Electric Vehicles|url=https://sevaonline.ca/education/ev-basics|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=SEVA|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2023-09-21|title=How far can electric vehicles go on a single charge? - Electric Vehicle Council|url=https://electricvehiclecouncil.com.au/docs/how-far-can-electric-vehicles-go-on-a-single-charge/|accessdate=2026-09-03|language=en-AU}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ukushaja ==
Izimoto zikagesi zingashajwa ekhaya noma eziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi. Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko.&lt;ref&gt;International Energy Agency. &quot;Global EV Outlook 2024&quot;. IEA, Paris, 2024. https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2024&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Izinga 1 (kucothayo) ===
Isokhethi kagesi ejwayelekile yasekhaya. E-Afrika Dzonga, lesi yisokhethi engu-230V, 16A, enikeza cishe ama-2.0 kW – okulingana nalokho okusetshenziswa yi-kettle kagesi noma i-geyser. Ukuze kushajwe ngale ndlela, kusetshenziswa ishaja efana naleyo yekhompyutha ephathekayo, kodwa enkulu kakhulu. Ngokuvamile inikezwa mahhala nemoto. Ukushaja ngokuphelele kungathatha amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-36, kuye ngobukhulu bebhethri.

=== Izinga 2 (okuphakathi) ===
I-AC charger ekhethekile efakwe odongeni, evamise ukuhlinzeka phakathi kuka-7.4 kW no-22 kW. Ukufakwa kudinga umjikelezo kagesi okhethekile. Ukushaja ngokuphelele kuvame ukuthatha phakathi kwamahora angu-4 kuya kwayi-10. Imfuneko ye-AC charger eyakhelwe ngaphakathi emotweni inqunqa ijubane lokushaja. Eyona ivamile yi-11 kW. Iningi lababanikazi be-EV abashaja ekhaya bafaka i-Level 2 charger. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe uchwepheshe kagesi. Abanye abakhiqizi banikeza ama-charger e-Level 2 mahhala, kanti abanye bakhokhisa imali eyengeziwe – cishe ama-R13,000. Ama-charger e-AC nawo kwesinye isikhathi atholakala ezindaweni zokushaja zomphakathi, isibonelo ezikhungweni zokuthenga.

=== Izinga 3 (ukushaja okusheshayo noma i-DC) ===
Ama-charger e-DC anamandla aphezulu, avame ukutholakala eziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi. Lawa ma-charger angahlinzeka ngamandla asuka ku-25 kW kuya ku-400 kW noma ngaphezulu, futhi angashaja imoto iye ku-80% kungakapheli imizuzu engu-20 kuya kwengu-45, kuye ngemoto kanye ne-charger.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2024-04-23|title=Global EV Outlook 2024 – Analysis|url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2024|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=IEA|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Izinzuzo ==
Izindleko zikagesi ngakhilomitha ngakunye okuhamba ngazo ngokuvamile ziphansi kunezindleko zikaphethiloli noma idizili ngomgama ofanayo, okuholela ezindlekweni zokusebenza eziphansi kubanikazi be-EV. Imoto zikagesi nazo zinezicucu ezishukumisayo ezimbalwa kunezinjini zokushisa, okusho izindleko zokulungisa eziphansi phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila semoto.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2024 Electric Vehicles Market Intelligence Report|url=https://greencape.co.za/library/mir-2024-electric-vehicles/|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=GreenCape|language=en-ZA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Okubi nezinselelo ==
Intengo yokuthenga ama-BEV nama-PHEV ivamise ukuba phezulu kunaleyo yezimoto ezifanayo eziphethiloli noma ezidayiseli, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezindleko zamabhethri. Nokho, izindleko zamabhethri zehle kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje: amanani amabhethri e-lithium-ion ehle ngo-20% ngo-2024 kuphela, afinyelela ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu elingu-$115 ngekilowatt-hour, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi aqhubeke ehlisa. &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;BloombergNEF. &quot;Amanani Amaphakheji Amabhethri eLithium-Ion Abona Ukwehla Okukhulu Kakhulu Kusukela Ngo-2017, Ewehla Wafika ku-$115 Ngekilowatt-Hour.&quot; BloombergNEF, 10 Disemba 2024.&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Catsaros|first=Oktavia|date=2024-12-10|title=Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Prices See Largest Drop Since 2017, Falling to $115 per Kilowatt-Hour: BloombergNEF|url=https://about.bnef.com/insights/commodities/lithium-ion-battery-pack-prices-see-largest-drop-since-2017-falling-to-115-per-kilowatt-hour-bloombergnef/|url-status=live|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=BloombergNEF|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukukhathazeka ngobude bohambo, ukwesaba ukuthi ibhethri lemoto lizophela ngaphambi kokufika endaweni oya kuyo noma endaweni yokushaja, kuyisithiyo esivame ukukhulunywa ngaso ekwamukelweni kwezimoto zikagesi, ikakhulukazi emazweni anezinhlelo zokushaja zomphakathi ezilinganiselwe.

== Imithombo ==</text>
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    <title>Imoto yamazuba</title>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>25285</id>
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      <comment>Isibuyekezo</comment>
      <origin>128310</origin>
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| caption1          = iTesla yonongo 3
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| caption2          = uhlobo lweNissan leaf
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| caption3          = iHyundai yonongo Ioniq 5
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| caption4          = iBMW i3
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'''Imoto yamazumba / imoto kagesi''' [[Imoto|iyimoto]] yabagibeli ehamba ngogesi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezijwayelekile ezisebenzisa injini ye dizili noma yephethiloli, izimoto zikagesi zithule kakhulu, ziyashesha&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Whitehead|first=Jake|date=2019-04-15|title=Here’s why electric cars have plenty of grunt, oomph and torque|url=https://theconversation.com/heres-why-electric-cars-have-plenty-of-grunt-oomph-and-torque-115356|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=The Conversation|language=en-US|doi=10.64628/AA.ncdsenat4}}&lt;/ref&gt;, zinekhono eliphezulu lokuguqula amandla&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: Electric Vehicle Benefits and Considerations|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity-benefits|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; futhi azikhishi umusi ongcolisayo wokungcolisa, futhi ngokuvamile zinephuzu lekhabhoni eliphansi kusukela ekukhiqizweni kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo yazo, noma isiteshi samandla esisebenzisa [[amafutha e-fossil]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: Emissions from Electric Vehicles|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric-emissions|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kukhona izimoto zikagesi ezihlukene. Eyokuqala yimoto kagesi esebenzisa ugesi kuphela, uthuthi ihambe. Yesibili imoto kagesi ihlanganisa igesi no phethilolo noma idizili. Okwesithathu, yimoto kagesi enebanga elandisiwe (REEV).

Ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwemoto zikagesi, izimoto zikagesi zikhiqiza ukushisa okuncane okungasetshenziswanga, ngaleyo ndlela zinciphisa isidingo sezinhlelo zokupholisa injini ezivame ukuba zinkulu, eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezidinga ukugcinwa ezimotweni ezisebenzisa i-injini yamafutha.

=== Ukushaja ===
[[Ibhathri]] lemoto kagesi ngokuvamile kumele ixhunywe kumthombo wamandla kagesi ukuze ligcwaliswe kabusha ukuze kwandiswe ibanga lokuhamba. Ukugcwalisa kabusha imoto kagesi kungenziwa eziteshini zokushaja ezihlukene; lezi ziteshi zingafakwa ezindlini, ezigcawini zokupaka kanye nasezindaweni zomphakathi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Alternative Fuels Data Center: Electric Vehicle Charging Stations|url=https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity-stations|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=afdc.energy.gov|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Kukhona futhi ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kobunye ubuchwepheshe obufana nokushintshwa kwebhethri nokushaja ngokusebenzisa i-induction.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=IEA|title=Trends in electric vehicle charging – Global EV Outlook 2024 – Analysis|url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2024/trends-in-electric-vehicle-charging|url-status=live|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=IEA|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; Njengoba ingqalasizinda yokushaja (ikakhulukazi amashaja asheshayo) isesigabeni sayo sokuqala, ukukhathazeka ngokuthi imoto ngeke ihambe ibanga elide kanye nokuthi ukugcwalisa kabusha kwebhetri, kuyizithiyo zengqondo ezivamile lapho abathengi benquma ukuthenga izimoto zikagesi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Baden |first=Katharina Benedetta |date=2025-10-01 |title=More than just miles: range anxiety unplugged |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856425002897 |journal=Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice |volume=200 |pages=104661 |doi=10.1016/j.tra.2025.104661 |issn=0965-8564}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Inqubomgomo ===
Amakhulu amazwe asehlele izikhuthazo zikahulumeni zezimoto zikagesi ezixhunywayo, okuhlanganisa izikweletu zentela, izibonelelo kanye nezinye izikhuthazo ezingezimali, kanti amanye amazwe asehlele imithetho yokunciphisa kancane kancane ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezisebenzisa uphethiloli wemvelo ngenhloso yokunciphisa ukungcola komoya nokunciphisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=IEA|title=Policy developments – Global EV Outlook 2023 – Analysis|url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2023/policy-developments|url-status=live|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=IEA|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-03-11|title=EU ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2035 explained|url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20221019STO44572/eu-ban-on-sale-of-new-petrol-and-diesel-cars-from-2035-explained|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=Topics {{!}} European Parliament|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Imakethe yomhlaba wonke ===
Ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency, cishe izigidi eziyi-14 zezimoto zikagesi zathengiswa emhlabeni wonke ngo-2025. Emhlabeni wonke, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi kwadlula izigidi eziyi-17 ngo-2024, kukhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-25% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2023, lapho izimoto zikagesi zithatha ingaphezu kwesinye kwesihlanu sezimoto ezithengisiwe emhlabeni jikelele. Ngo-2025, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke kwakhula ngokwengeziwe ngo-20% kwadlula izigidi ezingama-20.7, okubonisa ikota eyodwa kuzo zonke izimoto ezintsha ezidayisiwe emhlabeni wonke. Kulindeleke ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke kufinyelele ezigidini ezingama-23 ngo 2026.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=IEA|date=2026-05-20|title=Global EV Outlook 2026 – Analysis|url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2026|url-status=live|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=IEA|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Izindleko ===
[[IYurophu|EYurophu]], emazweni amaningi aseNtshonalanga naseNyakatho Yurophu, Izindleko eziphelele zokuba nemoto kagesi ziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezifanayo ezinamajini okushisa ngaphakathi, uma izindleko zibaliwe phakathi nazo zonke izigaba zempilo yemoto. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu yokuthi izindleko zikaphethiloli ziphansi kanye nezindleko zokulungisa nokugcinwa ziphansi. Nokho, intengo ephezulu yokuthenga imoto kagesi isengumqansa omkhulu ovimbela ukwamukelwa okubanzi kwalezi zimoto ezimakethe eziningi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Trends in electric car affordability – Global EV Outlook 2025 – Analysis|url=https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2025/trends-in-electric-car-affordability|accessdate=2026-09-02|website=IEA|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>Masango</title>
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[[File:South africa - zulu reed dance ceremony (6478982761).jpg|thumb|Isithombe saMakhosi]]

Elithi '''Masango''' [[Isibongo|liyisibongo]] esinomlando ohambisana nezibongo namasiko esiNguni kakhulu amaZulu namaNdebele, lapho baziwa njengabantu &quot;besango elibanzi&quot; elingenela izinkomo, imvana, kanye nabantu. Babizwa ngokuthi ngoMasungubala obanzi, Songede, futhi bangabantu abahloniphekayo abayindlovu eyehla entabeni. Imvelaphi yabo ihlotshaniswa nezimpawu zobuholi namandla. Izibongo zakwaMasango,oMasango ntusemhlophe,nongombili ,masisalibalele njengenkosi, ngomasungubala obanziSongede  owa songa isala senkosi lisango elibanzi lakwaMasango, Ngelangena inkomo nekonyane nomuntuIndlovu eyehla isinyava entabeni Isesabisa umboko ukonakala Izithakazelo.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{Cite web|title=Izithakazelo zakwa Zulu Clan Names Umlando – izithakazelo|url=https://izithakazelo.blog/izithakazelo-zakwa-zulu/|access-date=2026-02-25|website=izithakazelo.blog}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Igama elithi &quot;Masango&quot; livame ukuhlotshaniswa namasango (gates) ezindaweni zesiNdebele/isiZulu, okuphakamisa ukuba nendawo ebanzi noma abantu abavulelekile,Isibongo sabo sichaza indlela abayisivikelo ngayo. Ngokomlando, amaMasango abengabaNguni abanegama emphakathini, abaziwa ngokukhonza amakhosi. AbakwaMasango bangesinye sezizwe ezinomlando ocebile emandleni nasekukhonzeni ezindaweni zaseningizimu ye-Afrika.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{Cite web|title=Origin of the Name, Zulu – The Ulwazi Programme|url=https://www.ulwaziprogramme.org/origin-of-the-name-zulu/|access-date=2026-02-25|language=en-ZA|archive-date=2025-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251207061038/https://www.ulwaziprogramme.org/origin-of-the-name-zulu/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Osaziwaoy==
[[Mandla Masango]] - 

== Umthombo: ==
&lt;references /&gt;{{DEFAULTSORT:Mhlengukhona/Draft1/Okusalungiswa}}</text>
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        <id>16873</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Fongcwele moved page [[Umlando wakwaMasango]] to [[Masango]]</comment>
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[[File:South africa - zulu reed dance ceremony (6478982761).jpg|thumb|Isithombe saMakhosi]]

Elithi '''Masango''' [[Isibongo|liyisibongo]] esinomlando ohambisana nezibongo namasiko esiNguni kakhulu amaZulu namaNdebele, lapho baziwa njengabantu &quot;besango elibanzi&quot; elingenela izinkomo, imvana, kanye nabantu. Babizwa ngokuthi ngoMasungubala obanzi, Songede, futhi bangabantu abahloniphekayo abayindlovu eyehla entabeni. Imvelaphi yabo ihlotshaniswa nezimpawu zobuholi namandla. Izibongo zakwaMasango,oMasango ntusemhlophe,nongombili ,masisalibalele njengenkosi, ngomasungubala obanziSongede  owa songa isala senkosi lisango elibanzi lakwaMasango, Ngelangena inkomo nekonyane nomuntuIndlovu eyehla isinyava entabeni Isesabisa umboko ukonakala Izithakazelo.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{Cite web|title=Izithakazelo zakwa Zulu Clan Names Umlando – izithakazelo|url=https://izithakazelo.blog/izithakazelo-zakwa-zulu/|access-date=2026-02-25|website=izithakazelo.blog}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Igama elithi &quot;Masango&quot; livame ukuhlotshaniswa namasango (gates) ezindaweni zesiNdebele/isiZulu, okuphakamisa ukuba nendawo ebanzi noma abantu abavulelekile,Isibongo sabo sichaza indlela abayisivikelo ngayo. Ngokomlando, amaMasango abengabaNguni abanegama emphakathini, abaziwa ngokukhonza amakhosi. AbakwaMasango bangesinye sezizwe ezinomlando ocebile emandleni nasekukhonzeni ezindaweni zaseningizimu ye-Afrika.&lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{Cite web|title=Origin of the Name, Zulu – The Ulwazi Programme|url=https://www.ulwaziprogramme.org/origin-of-the-name-zulu/|access-date=2026-02-25|language=en-ZA|archive-date=2025-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251207061038/https://www.ulwaziprogramme.org/origin-of-the-name-zulu/|dead-url=yes}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Osaziwaoy==
[[Mandla Masango]] - 

== Umthombo: ==
&lt;references /&gt;{{DEFAULTSORT:Mhlengukhona/Draft1/Okusalungiswa}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Gina</title>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
        <id>16873</id>
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      <text bytes="1336" sha1="bmfqh3oq0ehyr5lof58e759zmnt8lyx" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Isibongo sakwaGina.png|thumb|Isibongo sakwaGina ngesibheqe sohlamvu]]
[[File:Traditional_Zulu_house,_South_Africa_(1588615030).jpg|thumb|Isithombe Sendlu yaMakhosi]]
Igama elithi '''Gina''' [[Isibongo|liyisibongo]] esixhumene eduze nendabuko [[Amanguni|yamaNguni]]. Isibongo sakwaGina sitholakala kakhulu [[KwaZulu Natal|Kwazulu-Natal]] baziwa kakhulu njengabantu abahlonishwayo nasebukhosini, nase zindaweni ezahlukene futhi imvelaphi yabo ivame ukulandelwa ezizweni ezinkulu zaseNyakatho naseMpumalanga ye[[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|Ningizimu Afrika]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname&lt;/ref&gt; uMhlungu wasendlunkulu iNkosana kaNdaba uMjokwana yahlaselwa yizitha zashisa umuzi wayo , yase iyabaleka yayocasha nomndeni wayo kodwa yamxaka impilo wabuyela emanxiweni lapho kwaku shiswe khona. Omunye wamakhosikazi khe wayezithwele , bathi befika wabeletha wazala umfana. Lapho kwakushe khona kwasukumila uMhlungu wase emqamba ngokuthi uMhlungu nguye umhlungu owazala uGina yena wazala uMagadlela yena wazala uBukhosini.&lt;ref&gt;https://izithakazelo.blog/surnames-and-their-clan-names/#google_vignette&lt;/ref&gt; Izithakazelo zakwaGina oMagadlela, Mhlungu Wasendlunkulu, Bukhosini, Ncama Ngethusi, Mageza Ngobisi.

==Izithakazelo==
 Gina! Ncama ngethusi. Ndaba! Magadlela, Bukhosini, Mhlungu wasendlunkulu

== Amaphatho ==</text>
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        <id>16873</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Fongcwele moved page [[Umlando wakwaGina]] to [[Gina]]</comment>
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[[File:Traditional_Zulu_house,_South_Africa_(1588615030).jpg|thumb|Isithombe Sendlu yaMakhosi]]
Igama elithi '''Gina''' [[Isibongo|liyisibongo]] esixhumene eduze nendabuko [[Amanguni|yamaNguni]]. Isibongo sakwaGina sitholakala kakhulu [[KwaZulu Natal|Kwazulu-Natal]] baziwa kakhulu njengabantu abahlonishwayo nasebukhosini, nase zindaweni ezahlukene futhi imvelaphi yabo ivame ukulandelwa ezizweni ezinkulu zaseNyakatho naseMpumalanga ye[[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|Ningizimu Afrika]].&lt;ref&gt;https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname&lt;/ref&gt; uMhlungu wasendlunkulu iNkosana kaNdaba uMjokwana yahlaselwa yizitha zashisa umuzi wayo , yase iyabaleka yayocasha nomndeni wayo kodwa yamxaka impilo wabuyela emanxiweni lapho kwaku shiswe khona. Omunye wamakhosikazi khe wayezithwele , bathi befika wabeletha wazala umfana. Lapho kwakushe khona kwasukumila uMhlungu wase emqamba ngokuthi uMhlungu nguye umhlungu owazala uGina yena wazala uMagadlela yena wazala uBukhosini.&lt;ref&gt;https://izithakazelo.blog/surnames-and-their-clan-names/#google_vignette&lt;/ref&gt; Izithakazelo zakwaGina oMagadlela, Mhlungu Wasendlunkulu, Bukhosini, Ncama Ngethusi, Mageza Ngobisi.

==Izithakazelo==
 Gina! Ncama ngethusi. Ndaba! Magadlela, Bukhosini, Mhlungu wasendlunkulu

== Amaphatho ==</text>
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    <title>Umbuso waseMapungubwe</title>
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      <comment>/* uMsukagama */</comment>
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      <text bytes="6174" sha1="1y3fuuyutur8k5jnd7c0aryu2nlr8w3" xml:space="preserve">'''Umbuso waseMapungubwe''' kwakuwumbuso wasendulo owawusendaweni lapho kuhlangana khona imifula iShashe neLimpopo namuhla eNingizimu Afrika, eningizimu neZimbabwe Enkulu. Inani labantu basesiqongweno lallifika kwizi-5,000 ngonyaka we-1250, futhi cishe umbuso wawuhlanganisa amakhilomitha-skwele ayizi-30,000 .&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Huffman |first=Thomas |date=2005 |title=Mapungubwe: Ancient African civilisation on the Limpopo |url=https://archive.org/details/mapungubweancien0000huff/mode/2up?view=theater |publisher=Wits University Press |others= |isbn=978-1-86814-408-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cishe ngonyaka we-1000 CE, abanye abantu baseKopje Leopard bathuthela ngaphesheya kweLimpopo baya eBambandyanalo lapho khona babefuyile futhi belima, belusela imihlambi emikhulu yezinkomo emidlalweni akweminye imiphakathi nokwathuthukisa ubudlelwano bezenhlalo nobezombusazwe, kuyilapho behlanganyela kuhwebo lolwandlekazi laseNdiya besebenzisa imibuso-nxuluma yamaSwahili othungulu lwaseMpumalanga Afrika. Eminyakeni eminingi, ingcebo eyandayo phakathi kwenani labantu elikhulayo yaveza ukungalingani okwakungakufanele ukuhlelwa kwendawo yeBambandyanalo.

Cishe ngonyaka we-1220, phakathi nenkathi yesomiso, iqembu lezicukithwane zaseMapungubwe lathuthela esiqongweni seGquma laseMapungubwe, lalandelwa abantu abahlala ezweni elizungezile elisezansi. Amagquma ayevame ukusebenza njengezindawo zokuphehla imvula, futhi igquma laseMapungubwe laba ukuphela kwendawo enjalo; ukuhlala komholi kulo kwakubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ubukhosi obungcwele. Ingcebo eningi yaqoqwa ngeminikelo, okwenziwa lula ngokuhlangana kwemifula iLimpopo-Shashe njengesikhungo sohwebo, futhi amazinyo endlovu negolide kwathelikiswa othungulu olusempumalanga. Ukulandela izenzakalo ezingaziwa nokushintsha kwemigwaqo yohwebo enyakatho cishe ngowe-1300, abantu baseMapungubwe badudukela kwenye indawo. Namuhla labantu bavame ukuhlotshaniswa nabantu abangamaKalanga ([[AmaShona]]) namaVenda.

Naphezu kokuba abantu bendawo benolwazi lwendawo engcwele, iMapungubwe yavubukulwa kabusha osonzlulwazi [[Umbuso waseNingizimu Afrika|bohulumeni wabaqobeli]] ngowe-1933. Inqoqelo yaseMapungubwe yamalondolondo atholakala esizeni semivubukulo igcinwe eSigcinamagugu seMapungubwe ePitoli. Isiza sitholakala Esiqiwini Sikazwelonke saseMapungubwe [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|INingizimu Afrika]], emngceleni [[IZimbabwe|weZimbabwe]] [[IButswana|neBotswana]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mapungubwe National Park - World Heritage Site in South Africa|url=https://southafrica.co.za/mapungubwe-national-park.html|accessdate=2024-11-08|website=southafrica.co.za}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nakuba ngokwembiso kucatshangwa ukuthi kwakuyisifundazwe sokuqala eAfrika esebingizimu, ukuvubukula esifundeni esifanayo eGqumeni iMapela kubonisa ubufakazi bobukhosi obungcwele cishe eminyakeni engama-200 ngaphambili.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Chirikure |first=Shadreck |last2=Manyanga |first2=Munyaradzi |last3=Pollard |first3=A. Mark |last4=Bandama |first4=Foreman |last5=Mahachi |first5=Godfrey |last6=Pikirayi |first6=Innocent |date=2014-10-31 |title=Zimbabwe Culture before Mapungubwe: New Evidence from Mapela Hill, South-Western Zimbabwe |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=9 |issue=10 |bibcode=2014PLoSO...9k1224C |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0111224 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=4215987 |pmid=25360782 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==uMsukagama==
Igama lesiza lasendulo alaziwa, kodwa abavubukuli basebenzisa uhlelo lokwerha imivubukulo, base bekhetha elithi ''Mapungubwe'', futhi kanjalo nombuso wabizwa nalelo gama.&lt;ref name=&quot;Chirikure-2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Chirikure |first1=Shadreck |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3pa7CgAAQBAJ&amp;dq=kingdom+of+mapungubwe&amp;pg=PT6 |title=Mapungubwe Reconsidered: A Living Legacy: Exploring Beyond the Rise and Decline of the Mapungubwe State |last2=Delius |first2=Peter |last3=Esterhuysen |first3=Amanda |last4=Hall |first4=Simon |last5=Lekgoathi |first5=Sekibakiba |last6=Maulaudzi |first6=Maanda |last7=Neluvhalani |first7=Vele |last8=Ntsoane |first8=Otsile |last9=Pearce |first9=David |date=2015-10-01 |publisher=Real African Publishers Pty Ltd. |isbn=978-1-920655-06-8 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Elithi ''Mapungubwe'' lisho ukuthi &quot;indawo [[Impungishe|yezimpungushe]] (eziningi)&quot;. Ngokwezilimi eziningi zomdabu, elithi &quot;-pungubwe&quot; lisho lesi siilwane. NgesiVenda kuthiwa ''phunguwe'', ngesiPedi  kuthiwa ''phukubje.&lt;ref name=&quot;Tlou-2012&quot;&gt;{{cite report |url=http://policyresearch.limpopo.gov.za/handle/123456789/535 |title=The Kingdom of Mapungubwe: The First Urban Centre and the Capital of the First State in Southern Africa |last=Tlou |first=Setumu |publisher=Limpopo Provincial Government |year=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Isiko nomphakathi==
[[File:Stone game board on Mapungubwe Hill, Limpopo, South Africa.jpg|thumb|Umdlalo womlabalaba otholakele khona eMapungubwe.]]
Emva kweminyaka yokuhlala eK2, umphakathi walapha waguquka usuka emphakathini osekkelwe kuqhiwu waba umphakathi osekelwe esigabeni zenhlalo, futhi waba isibonelo sobukhosi bobungcwele eAfrika eseningizimu.&lt;ref name=&quot;web.wits.ac.za&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://web.wits.ac.za/nr/rdonlyres/33e48eb0-29e9-49ec-a296-5daaa4aacc5a/0/evolution.pdf |title=Origin of Species and Evolution, Wits University Showcase |access-date=10 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091122181425/http://web.wits.ac.za/NR/rdonlyres/33E48EB0-29E9-49EC-A296-5DAAA4AACC5A/0/Evolution.pdf |archive-date=22 November 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Umholi womphakathi nezicukuthwane babehlala phezulu eGqumeni, abantukazana ehlala ezansi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot; /&gt;{{Rp|page=|pages=32–4}} Kwakukhona amakhondo amane abheke egqumeni, elikhulu kuwo lalinabalindi ababebuzwa ngokuthi bayihlo lenkosi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot; /&gt;{{Rp|page=37}} Izondawo zokuhlala zazihlulaniswe ngokwezindlu zokuhlala ezingaphansi kwabamnumzane, zizungeze igquma, ziyindilinga elivikelayo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=40}} Umbuso kungenzeka wawuhlukaniswe ngokoqhiwu olunezigaba ezinhlanu ngenxa Yokusakaza kwabantu: Kwakukhona abamnumzane, izinduna zomuzi, izinduna ezincane, izinduna ezinkulu, izinduna ngqangi, neNkosi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot; /&gt;{{Rp|page=50}}

==Amaphatho==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>1y3fuuyutur8k5jnd7c0aryu2nlr8w3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>128298</id>
      <parentid>128297</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:50:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
        <id>16873</id>
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      <origin>128298</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="6220" sha1="ikbz4fugo3kgdn7je16un2yx8fyosje" xml:space="preserve">'''Umbuso waseMapungubwe''' kwakuwumbuso wasendulo owawusendaweni lapho kuhlangana khona imifula iShashe neLimpopo namuhla eNingizimu Afrika, eningizimu neZimbabwe Enkulu. Inani labantu basesiqongweno lallifika kwizi-5,000 ngonyaka we-1250, futhi cishe umbuso wawuhlanganisa amakhilomitha-skwele ayizi-30,000 .&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Huffman |first=Thomas |date=2005 |title=Mapungubwe: Ancient African civilisation on the Limpopo |url=https://archive.org/details/mapungubweancien0000huff/mode/2up?view=theater |publisher=Wits University Press |others= |isbn=978-1-86814-408-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Cishe ngonyaka we-1000 CE, abanye abantu baseKopje Leopard bathuthela ngaphesheya kweLimpopo baya eBambandyanalo lapho khona babefuyile futhi belima, belusela imihlambi emikhulu yezinkomo emidlalweni akweminye imiphakathi nokwathuthukisa ubudlelwano bezenhlalo nobezombusazwe, kuyilapho behlanganyela kuhwebo lolwandlekazi laseNdiya besebenzisa imibuso-nxuluma yamaSwahili othungulu lwaseMpumalanga Afrika. Eminyakeni eminingi, ingcebo eyandayo phakathi kwenani labantu elikhulayo yaveza ukungalingani okwakungakufanele ukuhlelwa kwendawo yeBambandyanalo.

Cishe ngonyaka we-1220, phakathi nenkathi yesomiso, iqembu lezicukithwane zaseMapungubwe lathuthela esiqongweni seGquma laseMapungubwe, lalandelwa abantu abahlala ezweni elizungezile elisezansi. Amagquma ayevame ukusebenza njengezindawo zokuphehla imvula, futhi igquma laseMapungubwe laba ukuphela kwendawo enjalo; ukuhlala komholi kulo kwakubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ubukhosi obungcwele. Ingcebo eningi yaqoqwa ngeminikelo, okwenziwa lula ngokuhlangana kwemifula iLimpopo-Shashe njengesikhungo sohwebo, futhi amazinyo endlovu negolide kwathelikiswa othungulu olusempumalanga. Ukulandela izenzakalo ezingaziwa nokushintsha kwemigwaqo yohwebo enyakatho cishe ngowe-1300, abantu baseMapungubwe badudukela kwenye indawo. Namuhla labantu bavame ukuhlotshaniswa nabantu abangamaKalanga ([[AmaShona]]) namaVenda.

Naphezu kokuba abantu bendawo benolwazi lwendawo engcwele, iMapungubwe yavubukulwa kabusha osonzlulwazi [[Umbuso waseNingizimu Afrika|bohulumeni wabaqobeli]] ngowe-1933. Inqoqelo yaseMapungubwe yamalondolondo atholakala esizeni semivubukulo igcinwe eSigcinamagugu seMapungubwe ePitoli. Isiza sitholakala Esiqiwini Sikazwelonke saseMapungubwe [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|INingizimu Afrika]], emngceleni [[IZimbabwe|weZimbabwe]] [[IButswana|neBotswana]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mapungubwe National Park - World Heritage Site in South Africa|url=https://southafrica.co.za/mapungubwe-national-park.html|accessdate=2024-11-08|website=southafrica.co.za}}&lt;/ref&gt; Nakuba ngokwembiso kucatshangwa ukuthi kwakuyisifundazwe sokuqala eAfrika esebingizimu, ukuvubukula esifundeni esifanayo eGqumeni iMapela kubonisa ubufakazi bobukhosi obungcwele cishe eminyakeni engama-200 ngaphambili.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Chirikure |first=Shadreck |last2=Manyanga |first2=Munyaradzi |last3=Pollard |first3=A. Mark |last4=Bandama |first4=Foreman |last5=Mahachi |first5=Godfrey |last6=Pikirayi |first6=Innocent |date=2014-10-31 |title=Zimbabwe Culture before Mapungubwe: New Evidence from Mapela Hill, South-Western Zimbabwe |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=9 |issue=10 |bibcode=2014PLoSO...9k1224C |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0111224 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=4215987 |pmid=25360782 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==uMsukagama==
Igama lesiza lasendulo alaziwa, kodwa abavubukuli basebenzisa uhlelo lokwerha imivubukulo, base bekhetha elithi ''Mapungubwe'', futhi kanjalo nombuso wabizwa nalelo gama.&lt;ref name=&quot;Chirikure-2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Chirikure |first1=Shadreck |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3pa7CgAAQBAJ&amp;dq=kingdom+of+mapungubwe&amp;pg=PT6 |title=Mapungubwe Reconsidered: A Living Legacy: Exploring Beyond the Rise and Decline of the Mapungubwe State |last2=Delius |first2=Peter |last3=Esterhuysen |first3=Amanda |last4=Hall |first4=Simon |last5=Lekgoathi |first5=Sekibakiba |last6=Maulaudzi |first6=Maanda |last7=Neluvhalani |first7=Vele |last8=Ntsoane |first8=Otsile |last9=Pearce |first9=David |date=2015-10-01 |publisher=Real African Publishers Pty Ltd. |isbn=978-1-920655-06-8 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; Elithi ''Mapungubwe'' lisho ukuthi &quot;indawo [[Impungishe|yezimpungushe]] (eziningi)&quot;. Ngokwezilimi eziningi zomdabu, elithi &quot;-pungubwe&quot; lisho lesi siilwane. NgesiVenda kuthiwa ''phunguwe'', ngesiPedi  kuthiwa ''phukubje.&lt;ref name=&quot;Tlou-2012&quot;&gt;{{cite report |url=http://policyresearch.limpopo.gov.za/handle/123456789/535 |title=The Kingdom of Mapungubwe: The First Urban Centre and the Capital of the First State in Southern Africa |last=Tlou |first=Setumu |publisher=Limpopo Provincial Government |year=2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Isiko nomphakathi==
[[File:Stone game board on Mapungubwe Hill, Limpopo, South Africa.jpg|thumb|Umdlalo womlabalaba otholakele khona eMapungubwe.]]
Emva kweminyaka yokuhlala eK2, umphakathi walapha waguquka usuka emphakathini osekkelwe kuqhiwu waba umphakathi osekelwe esigabeni zenhlalo, futhi waba isibonelo sobukhosi bobungcwele eAfrika eseningizimu.&lt;ref name=&quot;web.wits.ac.za&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://web.wits.ac.za/nr/rdonlyres/33e48eb0-29e9-49ec-a296-5daaa4aacc5a/0/evolution.pdf |title=Origin of Species and Evolution, Wits University Showcase |access-date=10 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091122181425/http://web.wits.ac.za/NR/rdonlyres/33E48EB0-29E9-49EC-A296-5DAAA4AACC5A/0/Evolution.pdf |archive-date=22 November 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Umholi womphakathi nezicukuthwane babehlala phezulu eGqumeni, abantukazana ehlala ezansi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot; /&gt;{{Rp|page=|pages=32–4}} Kwakukhona amakhondo amane abheke egqumeni, elikhulu kuwo lalinabalindi ababebuzwa ngokuthi bayihlo lenkosi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot; /&gt;{{Rp|page=37}} Izondawo zokuhlala zazihlulaniswe ngokwezindlu zokuhlala ezingaphansi kwabamnumzane, zizungeze igquma, ziyindilinga elivikelayo.&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot; /&gt;{{rp|page=40}} Umbuso kungenzeka wawuhlukaniswe ngokoqhiwu olunezigaba ezinhlanu ngenxa Yokusakaza kwabantu: Kwakukhona abamnumzane, izinduna zomuzi, izinduna ezincane, izinduna ezinkulu, izinduna ngqangi, neNkosi.&lt;ref name=&quot;Huffman-2005&quot; /&gt;{{Rp|page=50}}

==Amaphatho==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Iziza zefagugu eNingizimu Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>ikbz4fugo3kgdn7je16un2yx8fyosje</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Isikhumbuzo samaVortrekker</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35163</id>
    <revision>
      <id>128300</id>
      <parentid>128262</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:53:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
        <id>16873</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="5433" sha1="p0ripc2sbkliyfyon3soxcx3dnn5hic" xml:space="preserve">'''Isikhumbuzo samaVortrekker''' sitholakala eningizimu [[IPitoli|nePitoli]] [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|INingizimu Afrika]]. Lesi sakhiwo sogwadle sisesiqongweni segquma, futhi sakhiwa ukuze kukhunjulwe amaVortrekkers ashiya ikoloni laseKapa phakathi kowe-1835 nowe-1854. Saklanywa umklami wezakhiwo UGerard Moerdijk.

NgoJulayi 8, 2011, Isikhumbuzo samaVortrekker samenyezelwa [[Iziza zefagugu kuzwelonke zaseNingizimu Afrika|njengeSiza Sefagugu sikazwelonke]] yiNhlangano Sensizakusebenza Yefagugu laseNingizimu Afrika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite press release|title=Voortrekker Monument Declared a National Heritage|date=29 July 2011|url=http://www.sahra.org.za/voortrekkermonument.pdf|last1=South African Heritage Resource Agency|access-date=27 November 2011|author1-link=South African Heritage Resource Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==uMlando==
[[File: Voortrekker Monument May 2006, IMG 3008.jpg|thumb|left|IVoortrekker elilimele eVegkop, ubuciko obusemjanjatuweno womlando]]

Isu lokwakha isikhumbuzo sokuhlonipha amaVoortrekkers ladingidwa mhla zili-16 December 1888, lapho uMengameli wombusosobala wasNingizimu Afrika uPaul Kruger ethamele imigubho yoSuku Lwesifungo  eDanskraal [[IKwaZulu-Natal|eNatali]]. Kodwa, umnyakazo wokwakhiwa kwaso waqala mhla 4 April 1931 lapho IKomidi Lesikhumbuzo Zabantu (''Sentrale Volksmonumentekomitee'') lisungulwa ukuze kufezekiswe isu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pan01&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=December 1974 |title=South African Panorama 1974-12: Vol 19 Iss 12 |url=http://archive.org/details/sim_south-african-panorama_1974-12_19_12 |magazine=South African Panorama |volume=19 |issue=12 |via=Internet Archive}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|13}}

Ukwakha kwaqala mhla zili-13 July 1937 ngomgidi wokuphendula inhlabathi owenziwa isihlalo weKomidi Lesikhumbuzo Zabantu, uMphikeli Ernest George Jansen, endaweni kamuva eyabizwa ngokuthi iGqumaLesikhumbuzo. Mhla zili-16 December 1938 itshe legumbi lase libekiwe, livela abazukulu abathathu babaholi bamaVoortekker: uNkz. J.C. Muller (umzukulu kaAndries Pretorius), uNkz. K.F. Ackerman (umzukulu ka Hendrik Potgieter) noNkz. J.C. Preller (umzukulu kaPiet Retief).

Isikhumbuzo savulwa mhla zili-16 December 1949 nguNdunankulu wezwe uDaniel F. Malan.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}} Izindleko zokwakha isikhumbuzo zazibalelwa kwizi-360,000 zopondo baseBrithani, iningi lazo ezaziphima kuhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika.

[[File:Voortrekker Monument By Sara Buijskes 1949.jpg|thumb|&quot;Isikhumbuzo samaVoortrekker ngowe+1949&quot; umdwebo  kaSara Buijskes]]

Inkundla yeshashalazi Enkulu, engathwala cishe abangama-20,000, yakhowa enyakatho mpuma nesikhumbuzo ngowe-1949.

==Ulwangu oluyinhloko==

Isikhumbuzo samaVoortrekker singamamitha angama-62 ukuphakama, sinesisekelo esingamamitha angama-40 aphinde ngamamitha angama-40.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}} Lesi sakhiwo sakhiwe ngenswebu yezikhunbuzo zaseYurophu ezifana ne ''Les Invalides'' eFrance kanye ne ''Völkerschlachtdenkmal''  [[IJalimani|eJimani]], Kodwa futhi siqukethe amathonya aseAfrika.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grundlingh 2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Grundlingh |first=Albert |title=Contested Histories in Public Space: Memory, Race, and Nation |date=2009 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=978-0-8223-4217-5 |editor-last=Walkowitz |editor-first=Daniel J. |location=New York |page=159 |chapter=A Cultural Conundrum? Old Monuments and New Regimes: The Voortrekker Monument as Symbol of Afrikaner Power in a Postapartheid South Africa |editor-last2=Knauer |editor-first2=Lisa Maya}}&lt;/ref&gt; Amaphuzi amabili aphawulekayo esakhowo angaphakathi kwaso, okuyimidwebo ephezu komjanjatho nedlinza elize.

[[File:Inside the Voortrekker Monument.JPG|thumb|right|175px|Iwindi laseNingizimu Kanye nemidwebo ephezu komjanjatho]]

===Olunye ulwangu===
Izihambeli zesikhumbuzo zingena ngesango elimnyama lensimbi enomkhonto.

Emva kokudlula esangweni izihambeli siba phakathi kwesingunga esikhulu esinezinqola ezidonswa izinkabi ezikhandwe ngogwadle lokuhlobisa.&lt;ref name=Pan01/&gt;{{rp|15}} Leli inani lezinqola ezasetshenziswa  empini yaseNcome ukuze kwakhiwe isigunga.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}

[[File:Voortrekker Vrou Statue.JPG|thumb|left|175px|Owesifazane weVoortrekker nezingane umsebenzi kaAnton van Wouw]]
[[File:Voortrekker Statue.JPG|thumb|right|175px|Isichuse sikaPiet Retief]]
Phansi kwesikhumbuzo kukhona Isichuse sikaAnton van Wouw sethusi sowesifazane weVoortrekker nezingane zakhe ezimbili, esihlonipha isibindi sabesifazane bamaVoortrekker.&lt;ref name=Pan01/&gt;{{rp|15}} Emaceleni womabili esichuse kukhona izinyamazane ezimbili ezimnyama ezishiselwe ezindongeni zesikhumbuzo. Lezi zinyamazane zifanekisa izingozi zaseAfrika futhi ukuvalela kwazo kusho ukuthi abesifazane babo, okungabatywali bempucuko yaseNtshona, bayanqoba.

Emagumbini angaphandle esikhumbuzo kukhona izichuse, ezimelela uPiet Retief, Andries Pretorius, Hendrik Potgieter nomunye Umholi &quot;ongaziwa&quot; (okungabaholi bamaVoortrekker).&lt;ref name=Pan01/&gt;{{rp|15}} Isichuse ngasinye sinesinzima esingamathani ayisi- 6.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}

Egumbini elisempuma lesikhumbuzo, kukhona itshe lesisekelo, ngaphansi kwalo okungcwatshwe isifaniselo sesFungo esenziwa mhla  zili-16 December 1838, nesifaniselo seculo elibizwa &quot;''Die Stem''&quot;, nesifaniselo senkozo yomhlaba ephakathi kwamaVoortekker ayeholwa nguPiet Retief, ayenza neSilo samaZulu uDingane kaSenzangakhona.

==Amaphatho==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Iziza zefagugu eNingizimu Afrika]]
[[Category:Izikhumbuzo]]</text>
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      <text bytes="6066" sha1="8pi4hba9444zu88p7l89jfykib4uetx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox monument
|name         = Isikhumbuzo samaVoortrekker
|native_name  = 
|image        = Voortrekker_Monument.jpg
|caption      = Isikhumbuzo ngaphambili
|location     = [[Pretoria]], [[Gauteng]], [[South Africa]]
|designer     = Gerard Moerdijk
|type         = 
|material     = Granite
|length       = {{convert|40|m}}
|width        = {{convert|40|m}}
|height       = {{convert|40|m}}
|begin        = 13 July 1937
|complete     = 12 December 1949
|open         = 16 December 1949
|dedicated_to = Voortrekkers
|coordinates  = {{coord|25|46|35|S|28|10|39|E|region:ZA-GT_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
|extra        = 
}}
'''Isikhumbuzo samaVortrekker''' sitholakala eningizimu [[IPitoli|nePitoli]] [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|INingizimu Afrika]]. Lesi sakhiwo sogwadle sisesiqongweni segquma, futhi sakhiwa ukuze kukhunjulwe amaVortrekkers ashiya ikoloni laseKapa phakathi kowe-1835 nowe-1854. Saklanywa umklami wezakhiwo UGerard Moerdijk.

NgoJulayi 8, 2011, Isikhumbuzo samaVortrekker samenyezelwa [[Iziza zefagugu kuzwelonke zaseNingizimu Afrika|njengeSiza Sefagugu sikazwelonke]] yiNhlangano Sensizakusebenza Yefagugu laseNingizimu Afrika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite press release|title=Voortrekker Monument Declared a National Heritage|date=29 July 2011|url=http://www.sahra.org.za/voortrekkermonument.pdf|last1=South African Heritage Resource Agency|access-date=27 November 2011|author1-link=South African Heritage Resource Agency}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==uMlando==
[[File: Voortrekker Monument May 2006, IMG 3008.jpg|thumb|left|IVoortrekker elilimele eVegkop, ubuciko obusemjanjatuweno womlando]]

Isu lokwakha isikhumbuzo sokuhlonipha amaVoortrekkers ladingidwa mhla zili-16 December 1888, lapho uMengameli wombusosobala wasNingizimu Afrika uPaul Kruger ethamele imigubho yoSuku Lwesifungo  eDanskraal [[IKwaZulu-Natal|eNatali]]. Kodwa, umnyakazo wokwakhiwa kwaso waqala mhla 4 April 1931 lapho IKomidi Lesikhumbuzo Zabantu (''Sentrale Volksmonumentekomitee'') lisungulwa ukuze kufezekiswe isu.&lt;ref name=&quot;Pan01&quot;&gt;{{Cite magazine |date=December 1974 |title=South African Panorama 1974-12: Vol 19 Iss 12 |url=http://archive.org/details/sim_south-african-panorama_1974-12_19_12 |magazine=South African Panorama |volume=19 |issue=12 |via=Internet Archive}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|13}}

Ukwakha kwaqala mhla zili-13 July 1937 ngomgidi wokuphendula inhlabathi owenziwa isihlalo weKomidi Lesikhumbuzo Zabantu, uMphikeli Ernest George Jansen, endaweni kamuva eyabizwa ngokuthi iGqumaLesikhumbuzo. Mhla zili-16 December 1938 itshe legumbi lase libekiwe, livela abazukulu abathathu babaholi bamaVoortekker: uNkz. J.C. Muller (umzukulu kaAndries Pretorius), uNkz. K.F. Ackerman (umzukulu ka Hendrik Potgieter) noNkz. J.C. Preller (umzukulu kaPiet Retief).

Isikhumbuzo savulwa mhla zili-16 December 1949 nguNdunankulu wezwe uDaniel F. Malan.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}} Izindleko zokwakha isikhumbuzo zazibalelwa kwizi-360,000 zopondo baseBrithani, iningi lazo ezaziphima kuhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika.

[[File:Voortrekker Monument By Sara Buijskes 1949.jpg|thumb|&quot;Isikhumbuzo samaVoortrekker ngowe+1949&quot; umdwebo  kaSara Buijskes]]

Inkundla yeshashalazi Enkulu, engathwala cishe abangama-20,000, yakhowa enyakatho mpuma nesikhumbuzo ngowe-1949.

==Ulwangu oluyinhloko==

Isikhumbuzo samaVoortrekker singamamitha angama-62 ukuphakama, sinesisekelo esingamamitha angama-40 aphinde ngamamitha angama-40.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}} Lesi sakhiwo sakhiwe ngenswebu yezikhunbuzo zaseYurophu ezifana ne ''Les Invalides'' eFrance kanye ne ''Völkerschlachtdenkmal''  [[IJalimani|eJimani]], Kodwa futhi siqukethe amathonya aseAfrika.&lt;ref name=&quot;Grundlingh 2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Grundlingh |first=Albert |title=Contested Histories in Public Space: Memory, Race, and Nation |date=2009 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=978-0-8223-4217-5 |editor-last=Walkowitz |editor-first=Daniel J. |location=New York |page=159 |chapter=A Cultural Conundrum? Old Monuments and New Regimes: The Voortrekker Monument as Symbol of Afrikaner Power in a Postapartheid South Africa |editor-last2=Knauer |editor-first2=Lisa Maya}}&lt;/ref&gt; Amaphuzi amabili aphawulekayo esakhowo angaphakathi kwaso, okuyimidwebo ephezu komjanjatho nedlinza elize.

[[File:Inside the Voortrekker Monument.JPG|thumb|right|175px|Iwindi laseNingizimu Kanye nemidwebo ephezu komjanjatho]]

===Olunye ulwangu===
Izihambeli zesikhumbuzo zingena ngesango elimnyama lensimbi enomkhonto.

Emva kokudlula esangweni izihambeli siba phakathi kwesingunga esikhulu esinezinqola ezidonswa izinkabi ezikhandwe ngogwadle lokuhlobisa.&lt;ref name=Pan01/&gt;{{rp|15}} Leli inani lezinqola ezasetshenziswa  empini yaseNcome ukuze kwakhiwe isigunga.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}

[[File:Voortrekker Vrou Statue.JPG|thumb|left|175px|Owesifazane weVoortrekker nezingane umsebenzi kaAnton van Wouw]]
[[File:Voortrekker Statue.JPG|thumb|right|175px|Isichuse sikaPiet Retief]]
Phansi kwesikhumbuzo kukhona Isichuse sikaAnton van Wouw sethusi sowesifazane weVoortrekker nezingane zakhe ezimbili, esihlonipha isibindi sabesifazane bamaVoortrekker.&lt;ref name=Pan01/&gt;{{rp|15}} Emaceleni womabili esichuse kukhona izinyamazane ezimbili ezimnyama ezishiselwe ezindongeni zesikhumbuzo. Lezi zinyamazane zifanekisa izingozi zaseAfrika futhi ukuvalela kwazo kusho ukuthi abesifazane babo, okungabatywali bempucuko yaseNtshona, bayanqoba.

Emagumbini angaphandle esikhumbuzo kukhona izichuse, ezimelela uPiet Retief, Andries Pretorius, Hendrik Potgieter nomunye Umholi &quot;ongaziwa&quot; (okungabaholi bamaVoortrekker).&lt;ref name=Pan01/&gt;{{rp|15}} Isichuse ngasinye sinesinzima esingamathani ayisi- 6.{{Citation needed|date=January 2012}}

Egumbini elisempuma lesikhumbuzo, kukhona itshe lesisekelo, ngaphansi kwalo okungcwatshwe isifaniselo sesFungo esenziwa mhla  zili-16 December 1838, nesifaniselo seculo elibizwa &quot;''Die Stem''&quot;, nesifaniselo senkozo yomhlaba ephakathi kwamaVoortekker ayeholwa nguPiet Retief, ayenza neSilo samaZulu uDingane kaSenzangakhona.

==Amaphatho==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Iziza zefagugu eNingizimu Afrika]]
[[Category:Izikhumbuzo]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>I-Peri-Peri</title>
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      <text bytes="3271" sha1="nh92hoy509xkvq07vykkfgw6xc0up7x" xml:space="preserve">'''I-Peri-Peri''' iwuhlobo lwesoso noma isinongo esibabayo esenziwa kakhulu ngopelepele omcane obizwa ngikuthi i ''African bird's eye chilli.'' I Peri peri idume kakhulu emazweni ase- Africa eseningizimu, ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Africa naseMozambique, futhi isetshenziswa nasePortugal nakwamanye amazwe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=What is PERi-PERi? {{!}} Nando's PERi-PERi Chicken|url=https://www.nandosperiperi.com/what-is-peri-peri|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=www.nandosperiperi.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Igama elithi peri-peri lihlobene negama lesiSwahili elithi piri-piri, elisho upelepele. I-Peri-Peri isinesikhathi eside isetshenziswa ekuphekeni, ikakhulukazi ekunongeni inyama, inkukhu kanye nokunye ukudla.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nando's South Africa|url=https://www.nandos.co.za/explore/the-story-of-peri-peri|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=Nando's South Africa|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Peri-Peri ingenziwa ngezithako ezahlukene. Izithako ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa:

* Upelepele obabayo
* Ugalikhi
* Ulamula 
* Amafutha
* Usawoti
* [[File:Nando's peri peri sauces on a grocery store shelf.jpg|thumb|252x252px|isithombe se peri-peri sauce]]Amakhambi nezinongo ezahlukene&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Ryder|first=Alida|date=2016-11-14|title=Homemade Peri-Peri Sauce Recipe (Piri Piri Sauce)|url=https://simply-delicious-food.com/home-made-peri-peri-sauce/|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=Simply Delicious|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Inani likapelepele elisetshenziswayo lingashintshwa kuye ngokuthi umuntu ufuna isoso ebaba kangakanani. I-Peri-peri isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesoso noma imarinade. Ivamise ukufakwa enkukhwini, enyameni, ezinhlanzini, nasezimpikweni zenkukhu. Abanye abantu bayisebenzisa namachipsi, imifino noma ezinye izinhlobo zokudla ukuze kwengezwe ukunambiyheka okubabayo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=TASTE|date=2017-07-11|title=7 spicy ways with peri-peri sauce|url=https://taste.co.za/7-spicy-ways-peri-peri-sauce/|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=Woolworths TASTE|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Peri-peri yaziwa ngokuba nobushushu nobubabayo. Ngaphandle kokubabayo, ingaba nokunambitheka kukangalikhi, ulamula, usawoti namakhambi. Ubumnandi bayo buya ngokuthi isoso yenziwe kanjani kanye nenani likapelepele elisetshenzisiwe.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=What Is Peri-Peri Sauce? Flavor, Uses &amp; Recipes|url=https://africandreamfoods.com/blogs/articles/what-is-peri-peri-sauce-and-how-do-i-use-it|accessdate=2026-09-03|website=African Dream Foods|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

I-Peri-peri iyisoso nesinongo esidumile esinikeza ukudla ukunambitheka okubabayo nokumnandi. isetshenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseni inkukhu, inyama, izinhlanzi, nezinye izinhlobo zokudla. Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okuhlukile, i-peri-peri isiyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla. ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okuhlukile, i-peri-peri isiyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla okuthandwa abantu abaningi e-Afrika nasemhlabeni wonke.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=What Is Peri-Peri Sauce and How Do I Use It? |url=https://www.allrecipes.com/article/what-is-peri-peri/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250910191954/https://www.allrecipes.com/article/what-is-peri-peri/ |archive-date=2025-09-10 |access-date=2026-09-03 |work=Allrecipes |language=en |dead-url=no }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Umthobho wolwazi ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:I Peri-peri]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Isidabuko sesintu</title>
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      <text bytes="16495" sha1="3nwq5yl9wbirntf5822h8jkgpcmakb4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
|name= Fossil Hominid Sites of South Africa
|location=South Africa
|image={{Location map
|South Africa
|pushpin_label=Cradle of Humankind
|lat=-25.96716
|long=27.66245
|caption=
}}
|criteria= Cultural: iii, vi
|ID=915
|year=1999
|extension=2015
}}[[File:Cradle_of_Humankind_in_Gauteng_map.jpg|thumb|Ibalazwe lendawo yeSidabuko seSintu, 2024]]
'''ISidabuko seSintu'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Fleminger2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Fleminger |first=David |year=2008 |title=The Cradle of Humankind |publisher=30° South Publishers |isbn=978-0-9584891-3-3 |pages=7–10}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Fleminger&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Cradle of Humankind – David Fleminger|url=http://www.davidfleminger.co.za/books/cradle-of-humankind/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203002245/https://davidfleminger.co.za/books/cradle-of-humankind/|archive-date=2020-02-03|accessdate=2019-12-30|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Wayman&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Wayman|first=Erin|title=The Human Evolution World Tour|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-human-evolution-world-tour-10925648/|accessdate=2019-12-30|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; siyisiza somchazaluntu wanguna ''(paleoanthropology)'' esitholakala cishe amakhilomitha angama-50 enyakatho-ntshona [[IGoli (idolobha)|neGoli]], [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|eNingizimu Afrika]], esifundazweni saseGauteng.  I-UNESCO yasimemezela ukuthi [[ISiza Sefagugu Lomhlaba|siyiSiza Sefagugu Lomhlaba]] ngowe-1999,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Why is the Cradle of Humankind important?|url=https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/Cradle-of-Humankind/601978}}&lt;/ref&gt; le siza siyikhaya lenqokothela enkulu yezinsalela zokhokho okwedlula zonke ezinye emhlabeni wonke.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2022-06-30|title=Fossils in the Cradle of Humankind site reignite debate over origins of humans|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/science/science-news/fossils-cradle-humankind-site-reignite-debate-origins-humans-rcna35867|accessdate=2023-02-21|publisher=[[NBC News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Le siza njengamanje sisendaweni engamamahektha ayizi-47,000 &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Maropeng a'Afrika and the Cradle of Humankind|url=http://www.maropeng.co.za/index.php/about/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130423235449/http://maropeng.co.za/index.php/about/|archive-date=23 April 2013|accessdate=9 April 2010|publisher=maropeng.co.za}}&lt;/ref&gt; futhi siqukethe isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi semihume yetshemcako. Igama elibhalisiwe le siza ohlwini lweZiza Zefagugu Lomhlaba lithi Iziza Zomuntu zaseNingizimu Afrika (Fossil Hominid Sites yaseNingizimu Afrika).

[[Umhela Wenzululwazi waseNingizimu Afrika|NgokoMhela Wenzululwazi waseNingizimu Afrika]] (South African Journal of Science), ipulazi elibizwa Bolt liyindawo lapho kwatholakala khona [[ezibuchophokhulu]] zokuqala.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=2013 |title=Research Briefs |journal=South African Journal of Science |volume=109 |issue=5/6 |pages=1–2 |doi=10.1590/sajs.2013/a0017 |issn=0038-2353 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ipulazi likaBolt lavukuzwa kakhulu kufunwa -i-speleothem (isicalahle sesAlumbe esivela kuma-stalagmites, Ama-stalactite, namatshe okugeleza) ekuqaleni kweekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Edwards |first=Tara R. |last2=Armstrong |first2=Brian J. |last3=Birkett-Rees |first3=Jessie |last4=Blackwood |first4=Alexander F. |last5=Herries |first5=Andy I.R. |last6=Penzo-Kajewski |first6=Paul |last7=Pickering |first7=Robyn |last8=Adams |first8=Justin W. |date=2019-01-14 |title=Combining legacy data with new drone and DGPS mapping to identify the provenance of Plio-Pleistocene fossils from Bolt's Farm, Cradle of Humankind (South Africa) |journal=PeerJ |language=en |volume=7 |doi=10.7717/peerj.6202 |issn=2167-8359 |pmc=6336010 |pmid=30656072 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Imihume yaseSterkfontein yona kwakuyisiza okwavubukulwa kuso-''I-Australopithecus africanus'' eneminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-2.3 ubudala (efenqwa ngokuthi &quot;uMrs. Ples&quot;), eyatholakala ngowe-1947 ngURobert Broom noJohn T. Robinson. Lokhu okutholakele kwasiza ekuqinisekiseni umcubukulo kaRaymond Dart owugebhezi okuncane we-''I-Australopithecus africanus''  owaziwa ngokuthi &quot;Ingane yaseTaung&quot; ngowe-1925 eTaung esifundazweni iNyakatho Ntshona eNingizimu Afrika, lapho ukuvubukula kusaqhubeka khona.

Eduze, kodwa hhayi kule siza, kunesimiso semihume esibizwa -Rising Star Cave esiqukethe iDinaledi Chamber (igumbi lezinkanyezi), lapho kwatholakala khona amathambo ayizintshicwa ali-15 emiqhinqa engasekho zehominim, ezibizwa okwesikhashana nge-''I-Homo naledi''.

Isiza esiseSterkfontein sisodwa sesikhiqize ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zezintshicwa zokuqala zama-hominid ezatholakala ngaphambi kowezi-2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=David |date=15 January 2010 |title=Visit to the Cradle of Humankind |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jan/15/sterkfontein-caves-south-africa |access-date=20 May 2010 |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=London}}&lt;/ref&gt; Igumbi leDinaledi liqukethe iminyanyali amathambo angaphezu kwe-1,500 e''-H. naledi'' okungenani avela kwimiqashela eli-15, okuwumvubukulo obanzi kakhulu womqhinqa owodwa we-hominid owake watholakala e-Afrika.&lt;ref name=&quot;SciAm.Mysterious&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Wong|first=Kate|date=10 September 2015|title=Mysterious New Human Species Emerges from Heap of Fossils|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/mysterious-new-human-species-emerges-from-heap-of-fossils/|accessdate=12 September 2015|website=Scientific American}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== uMlando wemivubukulo ==

Ngonyaka we-1935, uRobert Broom wathola izintshicwa zokuqala Zlzomuntu eSterkfontein futhi waqala ukusebenza kulesi siza. Ngonyaka we-1938, umfana osafunda isikole, uGert Terrblanche, walethela uRaymond Dart izimvingi zogebhezi azithole uduze eduze kwesiza sezintshicwa Kromdraai, kamuva ezahlonzwa ngokuthi ezesiphili esibizwa  ''Paranthropus robustus''. Kuwo lowo nyaka we-1938, kwatholakala izinyo lomuntu esizeni esibizwa ''Cooper's Cave'' phakathi kweKromdraai neSterkfontein. 

Ngowe-1948, ithimba le ''Camp-Peabody Expedition'' eliqhamuka eMelika lasebenza epulazini lakwaBolts nasemihumeni iGladysvale, lifuna izintshicwa ze-hominid. Kamuva ngowe-1948, uRobert Broom wahlonza izinsalela zokuqala ze-hominid emhumeni oseSwartkrans.

Ngowe-1954, uCharles Kimberlin Brain waqala ukusebenza ezizeni zesidabuko, ezihlanganisa nomhume kaCooper. Wabiye wasebenza nasemhumeni oseSwarkans, okuyilapho athola khona isangulo esikhulu sezinsalela ze-hominid eSidabukweni. Nokusetshenziswa komlilo okulawuliwe okudala kakhulu yisothamlilo esibizwa ''Homo erectus'' ngakho kwavubukulwa eSwartkrans futhi kwabelelwa eminyakeni eyisigidi edlule.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Brain|first1=CK|last2=Sillen|first2=A|title=Evidence from the Swartkrans Cave for the earliest use of fire|journal=Nature|volume=336|year=1988|issue=6198|pages=464:466|doi=10.1038/336464a0|bibcode=1988Natur.336..464B|s2cid=4318364}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Hilton Barber|first1=Brett|last2=Berger|first2=Lee R|title=Field Guide to the Cradle of Human Kind: Sterkfontein, Swartkrans, Kromdraai and Environs World Heritage Site.|date=December 2004 |publisher=Penguin Random House|location=Cape Town| isbn=978-1-77007-065-3 | page=75| edition=First| url=http://www.penguinrandomhouse.co.za/book/field-guide-cradle-humankind/9781770070653|access-date=10 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ngowe-1966, uPhillip V. Tobias waqala ukumba    eSterkfontein, futhi kuze kube namuhla kusambiwa njengoba kungakaqedwa, futhi kuvubukulwa nezintshicwa khona.

Ngowe-1991, uLee R. Berger waseNyuvesi yaseWits wavubukula umnyanyali wokuqala we-hominid esizeni Gladysvale, okwasenza kwaba isiza sokuqala esisha sama-hominid esavubukulwa eNingizimu Afrika eminyakeni egama-48. Ngowe-1994, uAndre Keyser wavubukula izintshicwa zehominid esizeni iDrimolen. Ngowe-1997, uKevin Kuykendall benoColin Menter baseNyuvesi yaseWits  bathola izintshicwa ezimbili zamazinye e-hominod esizeni iGondolin. Khona ngowe-1997, isikhehle esicishe saphelela se- ''Australopithecus''  esibizwa &quot;Little Foot&quot;, okwathiwa sidala ngeminyaka eyisigidi ezintathu, savunululwa nguRonald J. Clarke|Ron Clarke. 

Ngowezi-2001, uSteve Churchill waseNyuvesi iDuke benoLee Berger bathola izinsalela zomuntu wanamuhla eduze neChibi iPlovers. Khona ngowezi-2001, izintshicwa ze- hominid namathuluzi etshe zavubukulwa emihumeni kaCooper. Ngowezi-2008, uLee Berger wavubukula izinsalela ezingaphelele zama-hominid amabili (''Australopithecus sediba'') ezaziphila lphakathi kwesigidi 1.78 nesigidi 1.95 seminyaka edlule, eSizeni Sezintshicwa iMalapa.

NgoOktoba wezi-2013, uBerger wathumeza umchazimohansi uPedro Boshoff ukuba ayophenya izimiso zemihume yeSidabuko seSintu ngenjongo okuvubukula ezinye iziza zezintshicwa ze-hominin. Abaphenyi bemihume uRick Hunter benoSteven Tucker bavubukula izintshicwa ze-hominid endaweni eyayingakahlwaywa ngaphambili yesimiso semihume esibizwa ''Rising Star-Westminster'' okuyisiza esihlonzwe ngokuthi UW-101. NgoNovemba wezi-2013, uBerger wahola uphenyo oluxhaswe iNyuvesi yaseWits kanye neNhlangano ebizwa National Geographic Society, ukuyophenya izimiso semihume iRising Star eduze neSwartkrans. Kwathatha ithimba lamazwe omhlaba, labesifazane abayisithupha, abahlanganisa osonzululwazi (K. Lindsay Eaves, Marina Elliott, [[Elen Feuerriegel]], Alia Gurtov, Hannah Morris, and Becca Peixotto) abakhethwe ngenxa yamagalelo abo kumchazaluntu-wanguna namakhono abo emihume ngobungako babo obuncane, amasonto amathathu kuphela ukumba, nokuthola iminyanyali yezintshicwa ze-hominid engahlonziwe eziyi-1,2000. Ngowezi-2015, kwakusamele ukuba isiza sihlonzwe ukuthi esanini. NgoSeptemba wezi-2015, uBerger, ebambisene neNational Geographic, wamemezela ukuvubukulwa komqhinqa omusha oyisihlobo somuntu, owethiwa elithi  ''Homo naledi'', ovela esizeni UW-101.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/newly-discovered-human-ancestor-likely-ritualistically-disposed-its-dead|title=New Species of Human Discovered in South Africa|work=IFLScience|access-date=10 September 2015|archive-date=24 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524163630/http://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/newly-discovered-human-ancestor-likely-ritualistically-disposed-its-dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/09/150910-human-evolution-change/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910155237/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/09/150910-human-evolution-change/|archive-date=10 September 2015|title=This Face Changes the Human Story. But How?|author=Photograph Mark Thiessen, National Geographic|work=National Geographic|date=10 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Homo naledi, a new species of the genus Homo from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa|journal=eLife|volume=4|doi=10.7554/eLife.09560|pmid=26354291|pmc=4559886|year=2015|last1=Berger|first1=Lee R.|last2=Hawks|first2=John|last3=De Ruiter|first3=Darryl J.|last4=Churchill|first4=Steven E.|last5=Schmid|first5=Peter|last6=Delezene|first6=Lucas K.|last7=Kivell|first7=Tracy L.|last8=Garvin|first8=Heather M.|last9=Williams|first9=Scott A.|last10=Desilva|first10=Jeremy M.|last11=Skinner|first11=Matthew M.|last12=Musiba|first12=Charles M.|last13=Cameron|first13=Noel|last14=Holliday|first14=Trenton W.|last15=Harcourt-Smith|first15=William|last16=Ackermann|first16=Rebecca R.|last17=Bastir|first17=Markus|last18=Bogin|first18=Barry|last19=Bolter|first19=Debra|last20=Brophy|first20=Juliet|last21=Cofran|first21=Zachary D.|last22=Congdon|first22=Kimberly A.|last23=Deane|first23=Andrew S.|last24=Dembo|first24=Mana|last25=Drapeau|first25=Michelle|last26=Elliott|first26=Marina C.|last27=Feuerriegel|first27=Elen M.|last28=Garcia-Martinez|first28=Daniel|last29=Green|first29=David J.|last30=Gurtov|first30=Alia|display-authors=29 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Abanye abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi iHomo Naledi wayenomkhiba wokungcwaba ngenhloso imizimba yabafileyo ezingosino zemihume, ukuziphatha okwakucatshangwa ukuthi okwabantu kuphela, nakuba kunempikiswano ngalokhu.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.wits.ac.za/homonaledi/|title=Homo naledi - Wits University|first=The University of the Witwatersrand|last=Johannesburg|website=www.wits.ac.za}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Geological and taphonomic context for the new hominin species Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa|journal=eLife|volume=4|doi=10.7554/eLife.09561|pmid=26354289|pmc=4559842|year=2015|last1=Dirks|first1=Paul HGM|last2=Berger|first2=Lee R.|last3=Roberts|first3=Eric M.|last4=Kramers|first4=Jan D.|last5=Hawks|first5=John|last6=Randolph-Quinney|first6=Patrick S.|last7=Elliott|first7=Marina|last8=Musiba|first8=Charles M.|last9=Churchill|first9=Steven E.|last10=De Ruiter|first10=Darryl J.|last11=Schmid|first11=Peter|last12=Backwell|first12=Lucinda R.|last13=Belyanin|first13=Georgy A.|last14=Boshoff|first14=Pedro|last15=Hunter|first15=K. Lindsay|last16=Feuerriegel|first16=Elen M.|last17=Gurtov|first17=Alia|last18=Harrison|first18=James du G.|last19=Hunter|first19=Rick|last20=Kruger|first20=Ashley|last21=Morris|first21=Hannah|last22=Makhubela|first22=Tebogo V.|last23=Peixotto|first23=Becca|last24=Tucker|first24=Steven |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; Ekupheleni kophenyo lwethimba ''Rising Star Expedition'', osomhume uRick Hunter benoSteven Tucker bavubukula izintshicwa ezengeziwe zehominid kwenyw ingxenye yesimiso semihume. Ukumba okuncane kulesisiza, esihlonzwe ngokuthi UW-102, kwaqala ngowezi-2013 futhi kwaveza izintshicwa eziphelele ze-hominid. Ukuhlobama phakathi kwaleziziza ezimbili akukaziwa.&lt;ref name = &quot;RisingStar&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url = http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/tag/rising-star-expedition/|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131107202308/http://newswatch.nationalgeographic.com/tag/rising-star-expedition/|archive-date = 7 November 2013|title = Rising Star Expedition}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;ScientistsBag&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url = https://mg.co.za/article/2013-11-26-scientists-bag-more-than-1000-fossils-at-cradle-treasure-trove|title = Scientists bag more than 1000 fossils at Cradle 'treasure trove'}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;Johannesburg Update&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url = http://johnhawks.net/weblog/hawks/travel/johannesburg-update-feb-2014.html| title = Johannesburg Update}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;
File:Australopithecus africanus - Cast of taung child Face.jpg|Umfanekiso wogebhezi lwe'-'Australopithecus africanus'' 
File:Australopithecus sediba.JPG|Ugebhezi lwe- ''Australopithecus sediba''
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Izindawo zezihambeli==
Mhla zi-7 December 2005, uMengameli waseNingizimu Arika [[Thabo Mbeki|uThabo Mbeki]] wavula indawo yezihambeli yaseMaropeng khona esizeni.&lt;ref name=&quot;Maropeng&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url = http://www.news24.com/News24/Technology/News/0,,2-13-1443_1847397,00.html|title = Mbeki opens Maropeng centre|work = [[News24 (website)|News24]]|date = 8 December 2005|quote = Maropeng, which means 'the place where we come from,' is expected to receive over 500 000 visitors annually, according to the [[Gauteng]] provincial government.|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930201934/http://www.news24.com/News24/Technology/News/0,,2-13-1443_1847397,00.html|archive-date = 30 September 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ngokwesizindalwebu sayo, maropeng.co.za, izihambelivzingabonacizontshicwa, amathuluzi anamatshe, zifunde ngesizalo seSintu khona endaweni yezihambeli. Indawo yezihambeli ihlinzeka ngokhenketho oluya emihumeni yaseSterkfontein nemibukiswano eseSterkfontein. Uhlaka oluluhlengeso, oluntintayo lwenqimbi olubizwa ngeBhungezi (Beetle) lwabelwa eSizeni Sezintshicwa iMalapa, ukuze sivumele izihambeli ezikhokhele zibuke lapho kumbiwa khona, uma sekuqallile. (Ukumba kusamile kusukela ngowezi-2009, Ngenkathi kususwe izonsalela zemiqhashela emine ye ''Australopithecus sediba'' .)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Cherry |first=Michael |title=Human evolution: The cradle of humankind revisited |journal=Nature |year=2015 |language=en |volume=523 |issue=7558 |page=33 |doi=10.1038/523033a |bibcode=2015Natur.523...33C |s2cid=4446278 |issn=1476-4687|doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;{{update inline |date=April 2022}}

&lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;135&quot;&gt;
File:South Africa-Gauteng-Maropeng01.jpg|Isakhiwo seTumulus endaweni yezihambeli eMaropeng
File:Maropeng visitor centre, Cradle of Humankind, South Africa.jpg|Ingaphambili laseMaropeng
File:Maropeng Visitor Centre, Cradle of Humankind, South Africa.jpg|indawo yezihambeli iMaropeng
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Amaphatho==</text>
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    <title>ISiza Sefagugu Lomhlaba</title>
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| name                = 
| full_name           = 
| native_name         = &lt;!-- organization's name in its local language --&gt;
| native_name_lang    = &lt;!-- required ISO 639-1 code of the above native language --&gt;
| logo                = World Heritage Logo global.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert
| logo_size           = 200px
| logo_alt            = 
| logo_caption        = Uphawu Lwefagugu Lomhlaba, olusetshenziselwa ukuvikela izimpahla ezihlonzwe Ngokwesivumelwano Sefagugu Lomhlaba
| image               = 
| image_size          = 
| image_alt           = &lt;!-- see [[WP:ALT]] --&gt;
| caption             = 
| map                 = &lt;!-- map image --&gt;
| map_size            = &lt;!-- defaults to 250px --&gt;
| map_alt             = 
| map_caption         = 
| map2                = &lt;!-- 2nd map image, if required --&gt;
| map2_size           = 
| map2_alt            = 
| map2_caption        = 
| abbreviation        = 
| nickname            = 
| pronunciation       = 
| pronounce_ref       = 
| pronounce_comment   = 
| named_after         = 
| predecessor         = 
| merged_into         = &lt;!-- any other organization(s) which it was merged into --&gt;
| successor           = 
| formation           = {{start date and age|1978|df=y|p=y}}
| founder             = &lt;!-- or |founders = --&gt;
| founding_location   = [[Galápagos Islands]]
| dissolved           = &lt;!-- or |defunct = --&gt;&lt;!-- use {{end date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} --&gt;
| merger              = &lt;!-- other organizations (if any) merged with, to constitute the new organization --&gt;
| type                = Izindawo eziphawulekayo ze-UNESCO nezindawo ezivikelwe ngokomthetho
| tax_id              = &lt;!-- or |vat_id = (for European organizations) --&gt;
| registration_id     = &lt;!-- for non-profits --&gt;
| status              = &lt;!-- legal status or description (company, charity, foundation, etc.) --&gt;
| purpose             = Ukuvikela izindawo eziphawulekayo ze-UNESCO
| professional_title  = &lt;!-- for professional associations --&gt;
| headquarters        = 
| coordinates         = &lt;!-- {{coord|LAT|LON|display=inline,title}} --&gt;
| origins             = 
| region_served       = uMhlaba wonke
| products            = &lt;!-- or |product = --&gt;
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| methods             = &lt;!-- or |method = --&gt;
| fields              = &lt;!-- or |field = --&gt;
| num_members         = &lt;!-- number of members --&gt;
| num_members_year    = &lt;!-- year to which membership numbers/data apply --&gt;
| language            = &lt;!-- or |languages = --&gt;&lt;!-- any official language or languages used --&gt;
| owner               = &lt;!-- or |owners = --&gt;
| secretary_general   = &lt;!-- or |gen_sec for General Secretary --&gt;
| leader_title        = &lt;!-- defaults to &quot;Leader&quot; --&gt;
| leader_name         = 
| leader_title2       = 
| leader_name2        = 
| leader_title3       = 
| leader_name3        = 
| leader_title4       = 
| leader_name4        = 
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| key_people          = 
| main_organ          = [[UNESCO]]
| publication         = &lt;!-- for when principal body is entered and separate publication exists --&gt;
| parent_organization = &lt;!-- or |parent_organisation = --&gt;
| subsidiaries        = 
| secessions          = 
| affiliations        = 
| ror_id              = &lt;!-- unique ID in the Research Organization Registry --&gt;
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| num_volunteers      = 
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| num_students        = 
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| awards              = 
| website             = &lt;!-- {{Official URL}} or {{URL|example.com}} --&gt;
| remarks             = 
| former_name         = &lt;!-- or |former_name = --&gt;
| footnotes           = 
| bodystyle = 
}}
'''ISiza Sefagugu Lomhlaba''' ziyizindawo eziphawulekayo nezindawo ezilondiwe ngokomthetho ngaphansi kwesivumelwano samazwe omhlaba esiphethwe yI-UNESCO ngenxa yokubaluleka kwazo okungokwesiko, ngokomlando, noma ngokwenzululwazi. Lezi ziza zibhekwa njengeziqukethe &quot;ifagugu elingokwesiko nelingokwemvelo emhlabeni wonke elithathwa njengegugu elivelele kubantu&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;about&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=World Heritage|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/about/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705131353/https://whc.unesco.org/en/about/|archive-date=5 July 2020|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ukuze sikhethwe, iSiza Sefagugu Lomhlaba sizoqokwa yizwe elisisingethe futhi sicutshungulwe yiKomidi leFagugu Lomhlaba le-UNESCO ukuba ibe uphawu lezwe oluyingqayizivele oluzohlonzwa ngokomchazamhlaba nangokomlando, nolubaluleke ngokukhethekile ngokwesiko noma ngokoqobo, futhi lube ngaphansi kwesimiso esanele sokuvikelwa ngokomthetho. IZiza Zefagugu Lomhlaba zingase zibe amanxiwa asendulo noma [[Isakhiwo|izakhiwo]] ezingokomlando, izakhiwo, [[Isidlavela|izidlavela]], izingwadule, [[Ihlathi|amahlathi]], Iziqhingi, [[Ichibi|amachibi]], isikhumbuzo, [[Intaba|izintaba]], izindawo zasehlane, izindawo zesikhumbuzo&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=World Heritage Site Typology|url=https://www.worldheritageexplorer.org/typology.html|accessdate=21 April 2026|website=World Heritage Explorer|publisher=World Heritage Explorer}}&lt;/ref&gt; nezinye.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Sullivan |first=Ann Marie |year=2016 |title=Cultural Heritage &amp; New Media: A Future for the Past |url=https://repository.jmls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1392&amp;context=ripl |journal=[[John Marshall Review of Intellectual Property Law]] |volume=15 |pages=604–46 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405095657/https://repository.jmls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1392&amp;context=ripl |archive-date=5 April 2020 |access-date=11 April 2018 |via=UIC Law Open Access Repository}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Allan |first=James R. |last2=Kormos |first2=Cyril |last3=Jaeger |first3=Tilman |last4=Venter |first4=Oscar |last5=Bertzky |first5=Bastian |last6=Shi |first6=Yichuan |last7=MacKey |first7=Brendan |last8=Van Merm |first8=Remco |last9=Osipova |first9=Elena |last10=Watson |first10=James E.M. |year=2018 |title=Gaps and opportunities for the World Heritage Convention to contribute to global wilderness conservation |journal=Conservation Biology (journal) |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=116–126 |bibcode=2018ConBi..32..116A |doi=10.1111/cobi.12976 |pmid=28664996}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ISiza Sefagugu Lomhlaba singase sibonise imfezo ephawulekayo yesintu futhi sikhonze njengobufakazi bomlando wobulumuko besintu emhlabeni, noma singase sibe yindawo yobuhle obukhulu bemvelo.&lt;ref name=&quot;SelectionCriteria&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Criteria for Selection|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612152223/https://whc.unesco.org/en/criteria/|archive-date=12 June 2016|accessdate=14 October 2006|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt; NgoJulayi wezi-2026, kunesamba seZiza Zefagugu Lomhlaba eziyi-1,273 ezikhona emazweni ali-173.&lt;ref name=&quot;WHList&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=World Heritage List|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list|accessdate=27 July 2026|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Iziza zihloselwe ukulondolozelwa izizukulwane, ngale kwalokho zingase zibe sengozini yokuphulundlelwa abantu noma izilwane, ufikelelo olungalusiwe, olungalawulekile noma olungavinjelwe, noma usongo lobudedengu bohlelokulawula lendawo. Iziza zahlukaniswa yi-UNESCO njengezindawo ezivikelwe.&lt;ref name=&quot;about&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=World Heritage|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/about/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705131353/https://whc.unesco.org/en/about/|archive-date=5 July 2020|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt; Uhlu Lweziza Zefagugu Lomhlaba lugcinwe Uhlelo Lwefagugu Lomhlaba (-World Heritage Program) ephethwe yiKomidi leFagugu Lomhlaba le-UNESCO, elakhiwa &quot;amaqembu amazwe&quot; angam-21 akhethwa uMgwamanda Wesizwe Ezihlangene futhi alulekwa ngesibuyekezo sethimba longoti bamazwe omhlaba kwezomlando wemvelo noma wamasiko, kanye nemfundo.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The World Heritage Committee|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/comittee/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705131510/https://whc.unesco.org/en/committee/|archive-date=5 July 2020|accessdate=14 October 2006|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Lolu hlelo lujenganisa, amagama, futhi lugcina iziza ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingokwesiko noma ezingokwemvelo esikweni nefagugu elivamile labantu. Uhlelo lwaqala ngeSivumelwano Esiphathelene Nesilondolozo Sefagugu Lomhlaba Elingokwesiko Nelingokwemvelo (Convention Concerning of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage), &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Convention Concerning the Protection of World's Cultural and Natural Heritage|url=https://whc.unesco.org/archive/convention-en.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705131631/https://whc.unesco.org/archive/convention-en.pdf|archive-date=5 July 2020|accessdate=22 May 2020|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt; esamukelwa yiNkomfa Evamile yeUNESCO ngo-16 November 1972. Kusukela lapho, amazwe ali-196 acikice lesi sivumelwano, okwenza kube esinye sezivumelwano zamazwe omhlaba eziqashelwa kabanzi kanye nohlelo lwezesiko oluthandwa kakhulu emhlabeni.&lt;ref name=&quot;unesco&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=States Parties – UNESCO World Heritage Centre|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111031142628/http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties|archive-date=31 October 2011|accessdate=1 November 2024|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Sfn|Edmondson|Jordan|Prodan|2020}}
&lt;references /&gt;

==Amaphatho==</text>
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    <title>Robben Island</title>
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! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-above&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;fn org&quot;&gt;Robben Island&lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;div class=&quot;nickname ib-settlement-native&quot;&gt;Robbeneiland&lt;/div&gt;
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| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |[[File:Robben_Island_-_Cape_Town,_South_Africa_(3883849594).jpg|250x250px|Robben Island viewed from above]]&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-caption&quot;&gt;Robben Island viewed from above&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;mapframe height=&quot;200&quot; zoom=&quot;10&quot; frameless=&quot;1&quot; width=&quot;300&quot;&gt;{&quot;properties&quot;:{&quot;stroke-width&quot;:1,&quot;stroke&quot;:&quot;#4d4d4c&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Robben Island&quot;,&quot;fill&quot;:&quot;#969896&quot;},&quot;type&quot;:&quot;ExternalData&quot;,&quot;service&quot;:&quot;geoshape&quot;,&quot;ids&quot;:&quot;Q192493&quot;}&lt;/mapframe&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:250px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:250px&quot;&gt;[[File:South_Africa_Western_Cape_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Robben Island is located in Western Cape]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:74.842%;left:12.429%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-4px;top:-4px&quot;&gt;[[File:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|8x8px|Robben Island]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pr&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;left:5px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Robben Island&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;Location within Western Cape&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;Show map of Western Cape&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Location map/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:250px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:250px&quot;&gt;[[File:South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg|class=notpageimage noviewer|250x250px|Robben Island is located in South Africa]]&lt;div class=&quot;od notheme&quot; style=&quot;top:89.59%;left:13.779%;font-size:91%&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;id&quot; style=&quot;left:-4px;top:-4px&quot;&gt;[[File:Red_pog.svg|link=|class=notpageimage noviewer|8x8px|Robben Island]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;pr&quot; style=&quot;width:6em;left:5px&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Robben Island&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;Location within South Africa&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;Show map of South Africa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-full-data&quot; |Coordinates: &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Coordinates/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-inline&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Robben_Island&amp;params=33_48_18_S_18_22_12_E_region:ZA_type:city(116) &lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;33°48′18″S&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;18°22′12″E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;&amp;#xFEFF; / &amp;#xFEFF;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;33.80500°S 18.37000°E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;&amp;#xFEFF; / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;-33.80500; 18.37000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;indicator name=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;&lt;span id=&quot;coordinates&quot;&gt;[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid�fragment:16}}&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks nourlexpansion&quot;&gt;[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Robben_Island&amp;params=33_48_18_S_18_22_12_E_region:ZA_type:city(116) &lt;span class=&quot;geo-default&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dms&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;latitude&quot;&gt;33°48′18″S&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;longitude&quot;&gt;18°22′12″E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-multi-punct&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &amp;#xfeff;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-nondefault&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;geo-dec&quot; title=&quot;Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location&quot;&gt;33.80500°S 18.37000°E&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;&amp;#xfeff; / &lt;span class=&quot;geo&quot;&gt;-33.80500; 18.37000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/indicator&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Country
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|South Africa]]
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Province
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[INtshonalanga Kapa|Western Cape]]
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Municipality
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[Isidlavela saseKapa|City of Cape Town]]
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Area&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;Total&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |5.18&amp;nbsp;km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (2.00&amp;nbsp;sq&amp;nbsp;mi)
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Population&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(2011)&lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;Total&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |116
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;Density
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |22.4/km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (58.0/sq&amp;nbsp;mi)
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |Racial makeup (2011)&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;[[Abantu Bomdabu baseNingizimu Afrika|Black African]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |60.3%
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;[[AmaKhaladi|Coloured]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |23.3%
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;White
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |13.8%
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;Other
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |2.6%
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |First languages (2011)&lt;div class=&quot;ib-settlement-fn&quot;&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;[[IsiXhosa|Xhosa]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |37.9%
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;[[IsiBhunu|Afrikaans]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |35.3%
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;[[IsiZulu|Zulu]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |15.5%
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;English
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |7.8%
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&amp;nbsp;•&amp;nbsp;Other
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |3.4%
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |[[Isikhathi sendawo|Time&amp;nbsp;zone]]
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[[utc+02:00|UTC+2]] ([[South African Standard Time|SAST]])
|- class=&quot;mergedtoprow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |PO box
| class=&quot;infobox-data adr&quot; |&lt;div class=&quot;postal-code&quot;&gt;7400&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;infobox-hiddenrow&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-below&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;infobox-header&quot; |&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Infobox/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;border-style:solid;border-width:4px;border-color:#0177D3&quot;&gt;[[ISiza Sefagugu Lomhlaba|UNESCO World Heritage Site]]&lt;/div&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Type
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Cultural
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Criteria
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |III, VI
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Designated
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |1999 &lt;small&gt;(23rd session)&lt;/small&gt;
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |Reference&amp;nbsp;no.
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/916 916]
|- class=&quot;mergedrow&quot;
! class=&quot;infobox-label&quot; scope=&quot;row&quot; |&lt;div style=&quot;display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; &quot;&gt;Region&lt;/div&gt;
| class=&quot;infobox-data&quot; |Africa
|- style=&quot;display:none&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|- style=&quot;display:none&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|}
'''IRobben Island''' iyisiqhingi esisechwebeni iTable Bay, okungamakhilomitha ali-6 entshonalanga yothungulu [[Bloubergstrand|lwaseBloubergstrand]], enyakatho [[IKapa|yeKapa]], eNingizimu Afrika. Igama layo lisuselwa egameni [[IsiHolandi|lesiDashi]] lasendulo elisho izimvu zamanzi (''robben''), yingakho igama lesiDashi/isiBhunu ''iRobbeneiland'', elihunyushwa ngokuthi ''iSiqhingi Sezimvu zamanzi'' .

Isiqhingi sezimvu zamanzi sicishe simise okweqanda ngesimo, singamakhilomitha amathathu ubude ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu, futhi siyikhilomitha elilodwa  ububanzi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Avian Demography Unit: Robben Island|url=http://www.adu.uct.ac.za/adu/projects/sea-shore-birds/sites/sa/robben-island|publisher=Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town}}&lt;/ref&gt; Siyisicaba futhi siphakeme ngamamitha ambalwa kuphela ngaphezu kolwandle, ngenxa yesigameko sokuguguleka komhlabathi sasendulo. Saqiniswa futhi sasetshenziswa njengejele kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17 kwaze kwaba ngowe-1996, ngemva kokuphela [[Uhlelo lobandlululo|kobandlululo]] .

Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, sasisetshenziselwa ukugcina iziboshwa zezombusazwe ezaziphikisana nombuso [[Uhlelo lobandlululo|wobandlululo]]. Isishoshovu sezombusazwe kanye nommeli [[Nelson Mandela|uNelson Mandela]] waboshwa kulesi siqhingi iminyaka eli-18 kwengama-27 ayegwetshwe yona ngaphambi kokuphela [[Uhlelo lobandlululo|kobandlululo]] kanye nokwethulwa kwentando yeningi egcwele, ehlanganisa izinhlanga eziningi eNingizimu Afrika. Kamuva wanikezwa uMklomelo Wokuthula KaNobel futhi wakhethwa ngowe-1994 njengoMongameli [[Umongameli waseNingizimu Afrika|waseNingizimu Afrika]], waba ngumongameli wokuqala onsundu kuleli zwe. Wakhnza njengomongameli ihlandla elilodwa kusukela ngowe-1994 kuya kowe-1999.

Abanye ababili ababeyiziboshwa eSiqhingini sezimvu zamanzi, ngaphandle kukaMandela, nabo bakhethelwa ukuba ngomongameli kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990: [[Kgalema Motlanthe|uKgalema Motlanthe]] (2008–2009) &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=25 September 2008 |title=New S. Africa president sworn in |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7634845.stm |access-date=22 November 2008 |work=[[BBC News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma|noJacob Zuma]] (2009–2018). Abanye ababeyiziboshwa bebenezikhundla ezahlukene kwezombusazwe embusweni wentando yeningi.

IRobben Island [[Iziza zefagugu kuzwelonke zaseNingizimu Afrika|iyiSiza Sefagugu Likazwelonke laseNingizimu Afrika]] kanye [[ISiza Sefagugu Lomhlaba|neSiza Sefagugu Lomhlaba le-UNESCO]] .  &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Robben Island|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/916|accessdate=2 June 2011|publisher=UNESCO}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Umlando ==

== Ukufinyelela esiqhingini ==
IRobben Island ingafinyeleleka kubavakashi ngokukhenketha zisuka othugulu lolwandle lwaseKapa. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Robben Island Tours|url=http://www.robbenislandtours.com|website=Robben Island Tours}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ukhenketho lusuka kathathu ngosuku futhi luthatha cishe amahora ama-3.5, okuhlanganisa ukuwela ngesikebhe ukuya nokubuya esiqhingini, kanye nokhenketho lweziza zomlando ezahlukahlukene esiqhingini ezakha ingxenye yeSigcinamagugu sesiqhingi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amathuna esiqhingi, inkwali yomcako engasasetshenziswa, indlu [[Robert Sobukwe|kaRobert Sobukwe]], inkwali yeTshelundwa, inkambu yamabutho asezweni nasolwandle, kanye nejele elinesilondolozo esiphezulu. Futhi kuboniswa nejele likaNelson Mandela. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Robben Island tours|url=http://www.robben-island.org.za/tours#tourtypes|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151209134142/http://www.robben-island.org.za/tours#tourtypes|archive-date=9 December 2015|accessdate=16 May 2017|website=Robben Island Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ubungozi bolwandle ==
[[File:AMH-2554-NA_Map_of_Robben_Island.jpg|thumb| Ibalazwe lamaDashi lesiqhingi, kusukela ngo-1731]]
Imikhumbi ehamba olwandle kumele iqaphele kakhulu uma idlula eduze kweRobben Island kanye neWhale Rock eseduze (elingaphansi) njengoba lokhu kuyingozi ekuhameni kwemikhumbi. &lt;ref name=&quot;Horsburgh&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=James Horsburgh |year=1852 |title=The India Directory, Or Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia and the Interjacent Ports |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gCk6YV5AslIC |publisher=W. H. Allen &amp; Co. |page=71}}&lt;/ref&gt; Uthungulu lolwandle lwe-Atlantic oluvame ukuba khona luzungeze amatshe asogwini kanye nothungulu lolwandle olunamatshe aqinile lwalesi siqhingi. Imikhumbi eshayiwe ephonswa emadwaleni iphuka ngokushesha ngenxa yamagagasi anamandla. Kuyaziwa ukuthi imikhumbi engama-31 yaphahlazeka esiqhingini. &lt;ref name=&quot;Smith&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Charlene |year=1997 |title=Robben Island |publisher=Struik |isbn=9781868720620 |pages=30–32}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ngowe-1990, ithimba lemivubukulo yasolwandle elivela [[INyuvesi yaseKapa|eNyuvesi yaseKapa]] laqala Umgidingo obizwa &quot;Sea Eagle&quot;. Kwakuyinhlolazwe yangaphansi kwamanzi eyayihlola amakhilomitha-skwele ali-9 olwandle oluzungeze isiqhingi sezimvu zamanzi. Lo msebenzi waba nzima kakhulu ngenxa yemisinga enamandla kanye namagagasi aphezulu. Leli qembu lithole imikhumbi engama-24 eyayicwile eduze nesiqhingi. Iningi lezimekemeke ezaphukile zitholakale emanzini angaphansi ngamamitha ali-10 ukujula. Ithimba laphetha ngokuthi isimo sezulu esibi, ubumnyama kanye nenkungu yizona ezabangela ukucwila. &lt;ref name=&quot;Smith&quot; /&gt;

Imikhumbi eyamehlezeka eduze nesiqhingi kanye nasemanzini azungezile ihlanganisa imikhumbi efana ne''Dutch East Indiaman'' wangekhulu le-17, ''iYeanger van Horne'' (1611), ''iShaapejacht'' (1660), kanye ''neDageraad'' (1694). Imikhumbi eyamehlezeka kamuva yekhulu le-19 yayihlanganisa imikhumbi eminingana yaseBrithani, okuhlanganisa ''iGondolier'' (1836), kanye [[IMelika|nowaseMelika]] , i''-AH Stevens'' (1866). Ngowe-1901 isikebhe esithwala izimpahla ngeposi i-SS ''Tantallon Castle'' sashaya amatshe eRobben Island enkungwini ethe khuhle! ngemva nje kokusuka eKapa. Ngemva kokuba kuqhunyiswe izinganono zokucela usizo esiqhingini, imikhumbi eseduze yaphuthuma ukuyosiza. Bonke abagibeli abali-120 kanye nabasebenzi bakhishwa emkhunjini ngaphambi kokuba uqhekeke ngenxa yokuqhuma kwamadwala. Eminye imikhumbi eli-17 yamehlezeka ngekhulu lama-20, okuhlanganisa nemikhumbi [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|yaseBrithani]], [[ISpeyini|yaseSpain]], [[INoki|yaseNorway]] kanye neyaseTaiwan . 

=== Indlu yesibani yaseRobben Island ===
[[File:Robben_Island-003.jpg|left|thumb| Indlu Yesibani yaseRobben Island]]
Ngenxa yobungozi bolwandle lwaseRobben Island kanye nobamanzi aseduze kwayo, [[Jan van Riebeeck|uJan van Riebeeck]], umphathi wokuqala wamakoloni aseDashi eKapa ngawo-1650, wayala ukuthi kushiswe imililo emikhulu ebusuku phezu kweGquma Lomlilo, indawo ephakeme kunazo zonke esiqhingini (manje esiyiGquma iMinto). Lokhu kwakuwukuxwayisa imikhumbi yenkampani i-VOC ukuthi yayisondela esiqhingini.

Ngowe-1865, indlu yesibani yaseRobben Island yaqedwa eGqumeni iMinto. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=William Henry Rosser, James Frederick Imray |year=1867 |title=''The Seaman's Guide to the Navigation of the Indian Ocean and China Sea'' |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb__8BBAAAAIAAJ |publisher=J. Imray &amp; Son |page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb__8BBAAAAIAAJ/page/n349 280] |access-date=4 October 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; Umbhoshongo wokwakha oyisigqonqolozi, onendlu yomgcinisibani ngaphansi kwawo, ungamamitha ali-18 ukuya phezulu kanye nesigungelo sesibani phezulu. Ngowe-1938, isibani saguqulwa saba esogesi. Indlu yesibani isebenzisa isibani esikhanyayo esikhundleni sesibani esijikelezayo; sikhanya imizuzwana emi-5 njalo ngemizuzwana eyisikhombisa. Ukukhanya kwaso kubonakala ibanga amakhilomitha angama-44 ukuqhela, sikhanyisa ukukhanya okumhlophe kude neTable Bay . &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Robben Island Lighthouse|url=http://www.lighthousedepot.com/lite_explorer.asp?action=display_details&amp;LighthouseID=1146|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614085756/http://www.lighthousedepot.com/lite_explorer.asp?action=display_details&amp;LighthouseID=1146|archive-date=14 June 2011|accessdate=29 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; Isibani esibomvu sesibili sisebenza njengosizo lokugegezela lemikhumbi entaza eningizimu-mpumalanga.

== Izilwane zasendle kanye nokulondolozwa ==
[[File:Table_Bay_from_Robben_Island_(01).jpg|thumb| Umbono weTable Bay ukusuka ogwini lwaseRobben Island]]
[[File:Blick_auf_Kapstadt.jpg|thumb| Uthungulu lwesiqhingi saseRobben olunombono weNtaba yesithebe]]
[[File:ASC_Leiden_-_Rietveld_Collection_-_17_-_Blackfoot_penguin_(Spheniscus_demersus)_near_trees_on_Robben_Island_-_2015.jpg|thumb| Inguza yase-Afrika esengozini yokuqothulwa eRobben Island, 2015]]
Lapho amaDashi efika kule ndawo ngweo-1652, izilwane ezinkulu kuphela esiqhingini [[Pinnipedia|kwakuyizimvu zamanzi]] nezinyoni, okuhlanganisa nezinguza. Ngowe-1654, abahlali bakhulula onogwaja esiqhingini ukuze bakwazi ukuthola umthombo wenyama olungele imikhumbi edlulayo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=George McCall Theal |year=1897 |title=History of South Africa Under the Administration of the Dutch East India Company (1652 to 1795) |url=https://archive.org/details/historysouthafr08theagoog |publisher=Swan Sonnenschein |page=[https://archive.org/details/historysouthafr08theagoog/page/n464 442] |access-date=10 October 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ikoloni lokuqala lezinguzaz ase-Afrika esiqhingini labhujiswa ngokuphelele ngowe-1800. Kodwa, kusukela ngowe-1983, ikoloni elisha selisungulwe lapho, futhi lesi siqhingi sanamuhla siyindawo ebalulekile yokuzalela yalezi zinhlobo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Les Underhill|title=Robben Island|url=http://web.uct.ac.za/depts/stats/adu/robben.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305061211/http://web.uct.ac.za/depts/stats/adu/robben.htm|archive-date=5 March 2012|accessdate=12 October 2008|publisher=Avian Demography Unit, [[University of Cape Town]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ikoloni lakhula laba ubungakoi wabantu abayizi-16,000 ngowezi-2004, ngaphambi kokuba liqale ukwehla ngobungako futhi. Ngokwezi-2015, lokhu kwehla bekulokhu kuqhubeka (kwaze kwaba ubungako wekoloni labantu abayizi~3,000). Ukwehla okunjalo kutholakale cishe kuzo zonke ezinye izindawo zokuhlala zezinguza zase-Afrika. Izimbangela zalokhu azikacaci kahle futhi kungenzeka zihluke phakathi kwamakoloni, kodwa eRobben Island cishe zihlobene nokuncipha kokudla (amasadini nama-anchovies) ngenxa yokuncintisana kwabadobi. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Weller |first=F. |last2=Cecchini |first2=L.A. |last3=Shannon |first3=L. |last4=Sherley |first4=R.B. |last5=Crawford |first5=R.J. |last6=Altwegg |first6=R. |last7=Scott |first7=L. |last8=Stewart |first8=T. |last9=Jarre |first9=A. |year=2014 |title=A system dynamics approach to modelling multiple drivers of the African penguin population on Robben Island, South Africa |journal=Ecological Modelling |volume=277 |pages=38–56 |bibcode=2014EcMod.277...38W |doi=10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.01.013}}&lt;/ref&gt; Kulula ukubona izinguza endaweni yazo yemvelo, futhi athandwa kakhulu yizivakashi.

Cishe ngowe-1958, uLieutenant Peter Klerck, isikhulu sezempi saseNingizimu Afrika esasikhonza kulesi siqhingi, sangenisa izilwane ezahlukahlukene. Isiqephu esicashuniwe sendatshana eyabhalwa yindodana yakhe uMichael Klerck, owayehlala kulesi siqhingi kusukela esemncane, sichazisa izilwane zasendaweni: &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Michael Klerck|title=Robben Island: Childhood Memories—a personal reflection|url=http://www.robbenisland.org|accessdate=23 November 2008|publisher=robbenisland.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, inani lonogwaja lase lifinyelele kuzi-25,000, okwase kuyizinhlobo ezihlaselayo, okwabeka ezinye engozini. [[Umuntu|Abantu]] bazingela futhi babulala onogwaja ukuze banciphise inani labo. 

== Ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu ==
Ngowezi-2022, uMbiko Wokuhlola Wesithupha we-IPCC wafaka iRobben Island ohlwini lweziza ezingokwesiko zase-Afrika ezazizosongelwa yizikhukhula kanye nokuguguleka kogu ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka, kodwa kuphela uma ukuguquguquka lwesimo sezulu lulandela i-RCP 8.5, okuyisimo sokukhishwa kohowo olushisa okuphezulu nokuqhubekayo okuhambisana nokufudumala okwedlula amazinga amane °C. ,  futhi akusabhekwa njengokungenzeka. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Hausfather |first=Zeke |last2=Peters |first2=Glen |date=29 January 2020 |title=Emissions – the 'business as usual' story is misleading |journal=Nature |volume=577 |issue=7792 |pages=618–20 |bibcode=2020Natur.577..618H |doi=10.1038/d41586-020-00177-3 |pmid=31996825 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Hausfather |first=Zeke |last2=Peters |first2=Glen |date=20 October 2020 |title=RCP8.5 is a problematic scenario for near-term emissions |journal=PNAS |volume=117 |issue=45 |pages=27791–27792 |bibcode=2020PNAS..11727791H |doi=10.1073/pnas.2017124117 |pmc=7668049 |pmid=33082220 |doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; Ezinye izimo ezinengqondo kakhulu ziholela emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi ngenxa yalokho kukhuphuka amazinga olwandle aphansi: noma kunjalo, amazinga olwandle azoqhubeka nokukhula iminyaka engaba yizi-10,000 ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo. &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |date=August 2021 |title=Technical Summary. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf |publisher=IPCC |page=TS14 |access-date=12 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; Noma ngabe ukufudumala kukhawulelwe ku-1.5 °C, ukwenyuka kwezinga lolwandle emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi kudlule {{Convert|2-3|m|ft|0}} ngemva kweminyaka engu-2000 (futhi amazinga okufudumala aphezulu azobona ukwanda okukhulu ngaleso sikhathi), ngenxa yalokho kudlule amazinga angu-2100 okuphakama kwezinga lolwandle ngaphansi kwe-RCP 8.5 (~ {{Convert|0.75|m|ft|0}} enobubanzi obungu {{Convert|0.5-1|m|ft|0}} ) ngaphambi konyaka ka-4000. 

== Izithombe ==
&lt;gallery widths=&quot;133px&quot; heights=&quot;130px&quot;&gt;
File:Maximum_Security_Prison,_Robben_Island_(01).jpg|alt=Maximum Security Prison, Robben Island| Ijele lesilondolozo esiphezulu, eRobben Island
File:Kathrada_Obama_Robben_island.jpg|alt=Ahmed Kathrada, who was imprisoned in Robben Island between 1964 and 1982, is pictured giving a tour of the prison to US President Barack Obama and his family in 2013.| U-Ahmed Kathrada, owaboshwa eRobben Island phakathi kuka-1964 no-1982, uthwetshulwe ebuka uMengameli wase-US [[Barack Obama|uBarack Obama]] nomndeni wakhe ejele ngowe-2013.
File:Rock_pile,_Robben_Island_Prison.jpg|alt=Rock pile started by Nelson Mandela and added to—one rock at a time—by former prisoners returning to the island.| Inqwaba yamatshe aqalwa nguNelson [[Nelson Mandela|Mandela]] futhi engezwa—itshe ngalinye ngesikhathi—yiziboshwa zangaphambili ezazibuyela esiqhingini.
File:Moturu_Kramat.jpg|alt=Muslim Moturu Kramat shrine on Robben Island.| Ithempeli [[Amasulumane|lamasulumane]] iMoturu Kramat esiqhingini
File:World_War_II_Guard_Pillbox,_Robben_Island_(01).jpg|alt=World War II guard pillbox.| Ibhokisi labaqaphi beMpi Ymhlaba yesibili .
File:ASC_Leiden_-_Rietveld_Collection_-_41_-_African_sacred_ibis_(Threskiornis_aethiopicus)_on_grassland_-_2015_(cropped).jpg|alt=African sacred ibis on Robben Island, 2015.| izinyoni ezigcwele eRobben Island, ngowezi-2015.
&lt;/gallery&gt;
[[Category:Iziza zefagugu eNingizimu Afrika]]
[[Category:IKapa]]
[[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]]</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:24:52Z</timestamp>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;/* {{pp|small=yes}} */ .locmap .od { 	position: absolute; }  .locmap .id { 	position: absolute; 	line-height: 0; }  .locmap .l0 { 	font-size: 0; 	position: absolute; }  .locmap .pv { 	line-height: 110%; 	position: absolute; 	text-align: center; }  .locmap .pl { 	line-height: 110%; 	position: absolute; 	top: -0.75em; 	text-align: right; }  .locmap .pr { 	line-height: 110%; 	position: absolute; 	top: -0.75em; 	text-align: left; }  .locmap .pv &gt; div { 	display: inline; 	pad...&quot;</comment>
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.locmap .pl &gt; div {
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	padding: 1px;
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.locmap .pr &gt; div {
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	padding: 1px;
	float: left;
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/* Dark mode theme: */

@media screen {
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .od,
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	 * [[Module talk:Location map#Map label background bug in dark mode]]
	 */
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}

@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
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	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .od,
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		background: white !important;
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      <contributor>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;Amakhasi aphathelene nenjulalwazi azovela lapha&quot;</comment>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;Izilotshwa nezinhlu zeziza zefagugu laseNingizimu Afrika, zizovela lapha.&quot;</comment>
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    <title>Template:Infobox monument</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:59:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;includeonly&gt;{{main other|{{#ifeq:{{#invoke:Is infobox in lead|main|[Ii]nfobox [Mm]onument}}|true|{{#if:{{{location|}}}|{{str ≤ len |{{{location|}}}|60|{{Short description|Monument in {{Plain text|{{{location|}}}}}|noreplace}}}}}}}}}} {{Infobox | bodyclass   = vcard  | titleclass  = fn org | title       = {{If empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}  | subheader   = {{#if:{{{native_name|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;nickname&quot; {{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|lang=&quot;{{{native_name_lang}}}&quot;}...&quot;</comment>
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{{Infobox
| bodyclass   = vcard

| titleclass  = fn org
| title       = {{If empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}

| subheader   = {{#if:{{{native_name|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;nickname&quot; {{#if:{{{native_name_lang|}}}|lang=&quot;{{{native_name_lang}}}&quot;}}&gt;{{{native_name}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}

| image       = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|image={{{image|}}}|size={{{image_size|}}}|sizedefault=frameless|alt={{{alt|}}}}}
| caption     = {{{caption|}}}

| image2  = {{#invoke:Location map|infobox_pushpin_map}}

| image3 = {{#invoke:Infobox mapframe
 | autoWithCaption
 | onByDefault = {{#if:{{{pushpin_map|}}}|no|yes}}
 | mapframe-type = landmark
 | mapframe-marker = monument
 | mapframe-frame-width = 250 
 | mapframe-caption = Interactive map of {{If empty|{{{name|}}}|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}
}}

| label1   = Indawo
| data1    = {{{location|}}}
| class1   = label

| label2   = Izikhombandawo
| data2    = {{#if:{{{coordinates|}}}|{{#invoke:Coordinates|coordinsert|{{{coordinates|}}}|type:{{if empty|{{{geohack-type|}}}|landmark}}|&lt;!--
               --&gt;{{#if:{{{area_km2|}}}{{{area_sqmi|}}}{{{area_acre|}}}{{{area_ha|}}}&lt;!--
                        --&gt;{{{length_km|}}}{{{length_mi|}}}{{{width_km|}}}{{{width_mi|}}}|&lt;!---
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                           --&gt;area_ha={{{area_ha|}}}|area_acre={{{area_acre|}}} }} }}&lt;!--
               --&gt;}}{{{coords_ref|}}}|}}

| label3   = Umklami
| data3    = {{{designer|}}}

| label4   = Umlumbi
| data4    = {{{fabricator|}}}

| label5   = Umakhi
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| label6   = Uhlobo
| data6    = {{{type|}}}

| label7   = Isithako semvelo
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| label8   = Ubude
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| label9   = Ububanzi
| data9    = {{{width|}}}

| label10  = Ukuphakama
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| label12  = Izihambeli
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| label13  = Isiqalo
| data13   = {{{begin|}}}

| label14  = Ukuqedwa
| data14   = {{{complete|}}}

| label15  = Ukuvulwa
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| label16  = Ukunyakulwa
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| label17  = Ukwethulwa
| data17   = {{{inaugurated|}}}

| label18  = Ukulungiswa
| data18   = {{{restore|}}}

| label19  = Dedicated&amp;nbsp;to
| data19   = {{{dedicated_to|}}}

| label20  = Ukudilizwa
| data20   = {{{dismantled|}}}

| label21  = Isizindalwebu
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| label22  = {{{extra_label|}}}
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| label23  = Ukuphawula
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| header23 = {{{module|}}}

}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using infobox monument with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Infobox monument]] with unknown parameter &quot;_VALUE_&quot;|ignoreblank=y|mapframe_args=y|pushpin_map_args=y| alt | area_acre | area_ha | area_km2 | area_sqmi | begin | builder | caption | complete | coordinates | coords_ref | dedicated | dedicated_to | designer | dismantled | extra | extra_label | fabricator | geohack-type | height | image | image_size | inaugurated | length | length_km | length_mi | location | material | module | monument_name | name | native_name | native_name_lang | open | remarks | restore | type | visitors_num | visitors_year | website | weight | width | width_km | width_mi }}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;!-- PLEASE ADD CATEGORIES AND INTERWIKIS TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Umlando wakwaGina</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
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      <comment>Fongcwele moved page [[Umlando wakwaGina]] to [[Gina]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="18" sha1="h9h25fejjou0rwmgci3j6xpoqrsxnlu" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Gina]]</text>
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    <title>Umlando wakwaMasango</title>
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    <redirect title="Masango" />
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      <contributor>
        <username>Fongcwele</username>
        <id>16873</id>
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      <comment>Fongcwele moved page [[Umlando wakwaMasango]] to [[Masango]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="21" sha1="2ez25ci8p4rgn0tl1aetav7r3ghiciw" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Masango]]</text>
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