Wikipedia zuwiki https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikhasi_Elikhulu MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.21 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3781 129818 126823 2026-09-27T09:57:48Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 129818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox izwe|igama=iMelika|igama_ivamile=America|igama_ikhulu=United States of America|ifulegi=Flag of the United States (DDD-F-416E specifications).svg|image_coat=Greater coat of arms of the United States.svg|isaga_wesizwe="Sithemba kuNkulunkulu" <br> "''In God We Trust''" (isiNgisi)<br> "Ebuningini, munye" <br> "''E pluribus unum''" (isiLatini)|inkondlo_wesizwe=Isibhengezo Esifafazwe Ngezinkanyezi<br>''Star Spangled Banner'' (isiNgisi)|inhlokodolobha=Washington DC|izilimi=[[IsiNgisi]]|idolobha_elikhulu=[[New York]]|ibalazwe=USA orthographic.svg|abantu=Ummelika, Amamelika|ubukhulu_km2=9833520|iphesenti_lamanzi=7%|inani_labantu_ukulinganisa=341,784,857|inani_labantu_ukulinganisa_inyaka=2025|inani_labantu_ukulinganisa_ukuma=lwesithathu|ixuku_labantu_km2=97.4|ixuku_labantu_ukuma=lwesi-180|uhlobo_kohulumeni=Umbusobala webumbanozifundazwe wentandoyeningi yokhetho nomengameli okhethwa ngabantu nqo ongaphansi komthethosisekelo|umongameli_isithakazo1=[[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]]|umongameli_igama1=[[Donald Trump]]|umongameli_isithakazo2=Isekela likaMengameli|umongameli_igama2=J.D. Vance|umongameli_isithakazo3=Umehluleli Omkhulu|umongameli_igama3=John Roberts|ubedala_isehlakalo1=Isimemezo sobuzimela|usuku_isehlakalo1=4 kaNhlangulana 1776|ubedala_isehlakalo2=Umfelandawonye|usuku_isehlakalo2=1 kaNdasa 1781|ubedala_isehlakalo3=Umthethosisekelo|usuku_isehlakalo3=4 kaNdasa 1789|imali=iDola laseMelika (USD/$)}} [[iMelika]] (ngokomthetho: Izifundazwe Ezibumbene zaseMelika; [[IsiNgisi|ngesiNgisi]]: ''United States of America'', ngokumfushane: ''America'') liyisizwe onyakathweni lwelizwekazini elithatha igama layo kuyona: iNyakatho Melika. Izungezwe [[iKhanada]] ngasenyakatho (umgcele omude ukundlula imigcele yonke emhlabeni engavikelwanga), iLwandle lase-Atlantiki ngasempumalanga, iLwandle lase-Mekisiko (isingeniso seLwandle lase-Karibi kusukela 2024, [[Donald Trump|uDonald Trump]] uguqule leligama kuLwandle lase-Melika) ngaseningizimu mpumalanga, [[iMekisiko]] ngaseningizimu neLwandle lase-Pasifiki ngasentshonalanga. Isifundazwe sase-Alaska (esindlula izifundazwe zonke zeMelika ngobungakho bendawo) lisenyakatho ntshonalanga leNyakatho Melika. Sizungezwe iKhanada ngasempumalanga, iLwandle lase-Pasifiki ngaseningizimu, iLwandle lase-Arctic ngasenyakatho, neRashiya entshonalanga ngaphesheya komcingo wase-Beringi. Isifundazwe sase-Hawaii siselwandleni Pasifiki kanye nezinye iziqhingi ezingaphansi kwaseMelika iGuam, iSamowa yase-Melika, Iziqhingi zaseNyakatho Mariana. eLwandleni lase-Karibi, kuneziqhingi ezingaphansi kweMelika: i-Puerto Rico nama-American Virgin Islands. Kusukela umandulo, kwakuhlala abantu bomdabu abavela e-[[Eshiya]]. Abantu bomdabu bebazingela izinyamazane, bafuya izilwane, futhi bahlala emizini enezinkulungwane zabantu. Ngezi-1600, kufike uChristopher Columbus nabaphelezeli bakhe, ethunywa iNdlovukazi yaseKhastili, u-Isabela Wokuqala neNkosi yaseLiyoni, uFedinandi Wokuqala. Emuva kwalokho kwafika ama-Puritan ngomkhumbi we-Mayflower, inhlobo yabaKristu abakholwe ukuthi iNgilandi yayiphambukile ebuKristini ngokubandakanya ubuRoma eminqubeni nasemasikweni ayo. iNkampani yaseBhulithane yeNyakatho Melika isungule amakoloni eMelika esikhathini sikaNdlovukazi waseNgilandi, uElizabeth II (ewaziwa ngesithakazo sikaElizabeth iTshitshi). Ngokudlela abomdabu umhlaba, amaNgisi asungule amakoloni amashumi nantathu ogwini lwasempumalanga. Futhi, uMbuso waseFulansi usungule ikoloni lasempakathi lase-Louisiana. Amakoloni amathathu avukele iNgilandi ngezi-1780 eMpini Yobuzimela yaseMelika. iMelika yayixhaswe iFulansi kulempi. iMelika yandise ubungakho bendawo ngokuthenga i-Louisiana ngoba inkosi yamaFulentshi yayibhekane nezinkinga eziningi ekhaya. Ngenxa yenkolelo ye-Manifest Destiny, iMelika inqobe izindawo zasentshonalanga. iMelika yalwa noMbuso Wokuqala waseMekisiko ukuhlephula ikoloni laseKhalifoniya ngasegwini lelwandle i-Pasifiki. iMelika futhi yavumela Umbusobala waseTexas ukuthu ingene eMelika. iMelika inqobe Umbuso waseHawayi owawungaphansi kweNdlovukazi uLiliʻuokalani. iMelika iphinde yanqoba iziqhingi emilwandleni yaseKaribi nase-Eshiya, njenge-Filipinzi ne-Puerto Rico. Futhi iMelika ihlasele isiqhingi saseKhiyubha elwandleni lwaseKaribi. AbaseFilipinzi balwele ubuzimela kwabo. iNingi lesikhathi lempi yokuqala yomhlabawonke, iMelika yayingathathi ihlangothi ngaphandle kwasekugcineni lapho ixhasa Abamfelandawonye. == Ezombusazwe == [[File:Constitution of the United States - DPLA - 9ca804144bd5965e992ae3528bc3c6a3 (page 1).jpg|thumb|Ikhasi lokuqala lomthethosisekelo yaseMelika]] iMelika ibuswa ngohlelokubusa okuhamba ngombusobala webumbanozifundazwe wentandoyeningi ongaphansi komthethosisekelo. Uhlelokulawula wase-Melika uyisibonelo esithonye umumo wezinhlelo zokulawula zezinye izizwe emhlabeni. Uhlelo lwezombusazwe waseMelika wakhiwe esisekelweni sentandoyeningi yase-Bhulithani kepha ifulathela ubukhosi balesosizwe. Umthethosisekelo olungene emthethweni ngo-21 kaNdasa 1789. Nakuba umthethosisekelo uguqulwe kayi-27, umumo kahulumeni kazwelonke usafana nasikhathi usungulwa ngayo: * Isishayamthetho: i-Congress enezindluzimbili: i-Senate (indlu yangaphezulu emele izifundazwe ngokulingana) nesiGunga yabaMelisizwe (indlu yangaphansi emelwe abantu besisizwe sonke) * Sokuphatha: [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] okhethwe iNhlangano Yokhetho (i-Electoral College) oqoka abonqgongqoshe abangamalunga weKhabinethi * Sobulungiswa: iNkantolo ePhakeme nezinkantolo ezihlukene zikazwelonke. Amandla okubusa ahletshulelwane ngaphakathi kwezifundazwe nohulumeni kazwelonke. Izifundazwe zinamandla okuziphathi kuyonke imikhakha engagcinelwangwa uhulumeni kazwelonke. Nakuba, izifundazwe zinemithethosisekelo zabo, Umthethosisekelo uphezu kwayo yonke. Futhi, umthethosisekelo uyalela ukuthi imihulumeni uezifundazwe kufanele ihambe ngohlelo wombusobala wentandoyeningi yokhetho. Uhlaka wezigatsha zintathu eziqaphelanayo, lumqoka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla ahletshulwe ngendlela ezoqinisekisa ukuthi kubuswa ngentandoyeningi. Isikhathi eside somlando weMelika yesimanje, abansundu abathunjwe e-Afrika abayizigqili, babenganawo ubuzakhamuzi. Emuva kweMpi Yezakhamuzi YaseMelika (eqalwe ngenxa yokuphikisana ngaphakathi kwezihlongithi zezifundazwe zaseNyakatho nohulumeni kazwelonke nehlangothi lezifundazwe zaseningizimu mayelana amalungelo ezifundazwe kakhulu okuziqumela mayelana ubugqili), abansundu banikezwe ubuzakhamuzi. Ngephoxeko, bekunobandlululo kubansundu. Lomnqubongongomo wemithetho ka-Jim Crow nesikhathi sokwakhakabusha (i-Reconstruction) uholele ekungalinganini ngaphakhathi kwezihlanga zabamhlophe nabansundu. Ngezi-1960, abansundu banikezwe amalungelo alinganayo nabamhlophe kepha kusanobungalingani obungekho nqo emthethweni kodwa obusalele ngenxa yemikhulu yeminyaka yokucindezelwa nokuvalelwa ngaphandle komnotho kwabansundu. [[File:Official Presidential Portrait of President Donald J. Trump (2025).jpg|thumb|Isithombe esisemthethweni sikaMengameli uDonald Trump kusukela 2025]] [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] uyinhloko yesizwe, inhloko yegatsha yokuphatha nomkhuzi-jikelele wamabutho ahlomileyo. [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] ukhethwa ngasemuva kweminyaka emine. Kuvumelike ngokomthetho ukuthi akhethwe ukuhlala esikhundleni kabili kuphela. Makundlula iminyaka emine, izakhamuzi ezikhulileyo zikhetha amalunga eNhlangano Yokhetho ukuthi akhethe [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]]. Izifundazwe zihletshulelwane izihlalo kulomhlangano ngobukhulu benani labahlali. Kepha loluhlelo lubunjwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izifundazwe ezinganabantu abaningi ukuthi zithole izihlalo nazo. Lokho kuzinikeza ithonya elindlula ubukhulu benani labantu bazo. Nakuba amalunga alomhlangano avumelelike ukukhetha namuni, isiko siphoqela ukuthi akhethe ikhandidethi yeqembu elikhethwe iningi lenani labahlali besifundazwe abasimeleyo. [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] ungena esikhundleni ngo-20 kaMasingane wenyaka engasemuva kokuphela kwesikhundla sikamengameli ophumayo. [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] unegunya lokuqoka abongqongqoshe ngemvumo ye-Senate. [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] unamandla okulawula nokukhuza igatsha lokuphatha ngoba amandla okuphoqelela umthetho asezandleni zakhe. Lomsebenzi wenza ngokusayina imiyalelo yokuphatha (executive orders). Kepha, lamandla akhawulwa umthetho oshayiwe i-Congress nezinqumo zegatsha lobulungiswa. Nakuba kunemikhawulo, uma [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] aneningi lamalunga ezindlini zimbili ze-Congress weqembu lezombangazwe efana nelakhe, unethonya lokungenisa imithetho ehambelana nezinhloso zomkhankaso wakhe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] ugodle amandla andayo, isibonelo: ukuthuma amajoni ezizweni zangaphandle nakuba i-Congress ingaka memezi impi kulesosizwe. [[File:United States Capitol west front edit2.jpg|thumb|Isakhiwo Capitol, isihlalo sesishayamthetho saseMelika]] i-Congress iyisishayamthetho saseMelika. Indlu yangaphezulu, i-Senate inamalunga ayi-100. Izifundazwe zonke zinekwa amalunga amabili kuphela. Lamalunga amela iqembu lezombangazwe ethile. Futhi akhethwa izakhamuzi. Kuthethwa ihafu yamalunga e-Senate emuva kweminyaka eyintathu. Amalunga e-Senate ahlala iminyaka emibili esikhundleni kepha kuvumelekile ukuthi akhethwe kaningi; akunamkhawulo isibalo sezikhathi amalunga e-Senate angakhethwa ngayo. i-Senate inemandla okunquma imivumelwano nezinye izizwe ukuthi zibe inxenye yomthetho jikelele waseMelika. I-Senate inamandla okugweba [[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] icala ukumkhipha esikhundlweni. Nakuba imigqubo nophenyo yayiqalwa, aboMengameli abandlule kulomcimbi baphunyuke ngokwehla esikhundleni (uRichard Nixon) noma ukungabikho kweningi lamalunga ukuthi axhase ukuxoshwa kaMengameli (isibonelo: uDonald Trump). iGunga yabaMelibezwe (i-House of Representatives), ikhethwa izakhamuzi. Amaqembu ezombangazwe anikezwa izihlalo ezilingana nezifunda zokhetho lapho athola iningi lamavoti khona. Imithetho wentelo nezimali kufanelwe ingeniswr futhi ivunyelwe iGunga yabaMelibezwe. Iningi yemithetho kufanelwe ivunyelwe lezizindlu zimbili. Ngokungafani nezinye izizwe, iMelika inamaqembu ezombangazwe ezimbili kuphela: i-Democratic Party ne-Republican Party. Futhi, lamaqembu madala: ama-Democrats asungulwe ngo-1828 futhi ama-Republican asungulwe ngo-1854. Kusukela 2024 osesikhundleni sob[[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]] nguDonald Trump we-Republican Party. === Ezokuvikela === [[File:USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) underway in the Atlantic Ocean on 9 October 2022 (221009-N-TL968-1248).JPG|thumb|Isithwalandiza Gerald R. Ford, umkhumbi wezempi ondlula yonke imikhumbi yempi emhlabeni wonke]] [[AmaButho aHlomile aseMelika|Amabutho Ahlomileyo aseMelika]] (''United States Armed Forces'') andlula izizwe zonke emhlabeni ngamandla. Inezindleko eziyizigidintathu ezi-1.15$ ezindlula izizwe ezingamashumi amabili ezilandelayo zihlangene. iMelika inezikhali zenuzi eziyi-1,744. iMelika yisizwe esisodwa emlandweni womhlaba wonke oqhumise izikhali zenuzi esizweni esinye ngesikhathi sempi ngo-1945 emadolobheni wase-Nagasaki nase-Hiroshima e-Japan. iMelika inekhono lokuciba izikhali zenuzi ngezindlela ezintathu: obhakabhakeni, olwandleni nasemhlabeni. iMelika inemikhumbi yempi eyi-292. Futhi inemikhumbi izithwalandiza zenuzi ezi-11 nemikhumbi yangaphansi kwamanzi ehamba ngenuzi eyi-68, isibalo esindlula izizwe zonke emhlabeni. iMelika ikhanda izikhali ezindlula izizwe zonke zasemhlabeni. Futhi izinga lobucwepheshe ekukhandweni kwezikhali kuholela ekutheni iMelika ikhanda izinhlobo zezikhali nempahla yempi esebenze emkhathini, ebhakabhakeni, emhlabeni naselwandleni. iMelika ithekelisa izikhali eziletha inzuzo eyizigidigidi eziyi-13.512$ (indlula izizwe zonke kangangokuthi iqoqa 43% yenzuzo yazonke izikhali ezikhandwa emhlabeni wonke). [[File:The Pentagon, Headquarters of the US Department of Defense (cropped2).jpg|thumb|i-Pentagon, isakhiwo sohlelo lwenxanhlanu, isihlalo soMnyango wezeMpi]] Umkhuzi jikelele waseMelika ng[[uMengameli waseMelika|uMengameli]]. i-Joint Chiefs of Staff, ingumkhandlu wabakhuzi abaphakeme bamagatsha wamabutho ahlomileyo. Lomkhandlu uboniselana nohulumeni futhi obhekane nezindaba zezinsuku zamabutho. Umnyango weMpi (owawuwaziwa Umyango wezokuVikela) uqhasha abasebenzi namajoni onke. Ngokuqhasha abantu abandlula izingidi eziyintathu, Umnyango wezokuVikela ungumqhashi omkhulu ukundlula izizwe zonke zasemhlabeni. iMelika inezinkambi zamabutho ezi-800 ezizweni eziyi-80. Futhi iMelika inezikambu zamabuthi zangaphesheya ezindlula izizwe zonke emhlabeni zinhlangene ngobuningi. === Ezobundlelwanenezizwe === [[File:Midtown Manhattan Skyline 004 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Isihlalo senhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene, eDolobheni laseNew York]] iMelika inobudlelwane nezizwe eziyi-190. iZitha zokuqala zeMelika ziyizizwe zase-Iran, iNyakatho Khoriya, iSiriya, [[iRashiya]], iKhiyubha, ne-[[IShayina|Shayina]]. iMelika iyilunga-lisungula lezinhlangano zezizwe ezahlukene, kakhulu: [[IZizwe Ezihlangene]], Inhlangano Yomvumelwano yaseNyakatho Atlantiki, i-G7, Inhlangano Yezohwebo Yomhlabawonke, iBhange Yomhlaba, Isikhwama Sezizwezonke, Inhlangano Yokusebenzisana Ngokomnotho neNtuthuko, Inhlangano Yezizwezonke Yesidlakalasi Sochwe. iMelika iyilunga ehlala unomphela yoMkhandlu wezokuPhephisa. iMelika inethonya ethambile neqinile endlula izizwe zonke emhlabeni. Isebenzisa amasiko nobuciko ukuheha izizwe nomnotho namabutho ukuphoqelela intando yayo. iMelika iqinisekisa ukuhamba ngokukhululekile emanzini olwandle avulekele izizwezonke. Ngokuba iMelika yayihlasele izizwe eziningi emlandweni wayo (isib. iVietnam, iLaos, iKhambodiya, i-Iraq, iLibhiya, i-Afghanistani, iPhanama) futhi imenule imibuso eminingi kakhulu eShiya naseNingizimu Melika (isib. i-Iran, iKhiyubha, iGwatemala, iTshile, iBrazili), futhi ihlome isivinjelo esizweni sase-Khiyubha nokuthi ivalele izizwe ezingi ngaphandle kwemikhakha eminingi ohwebeni nasomnothweni emhlaba (''sanctions''), iMelika igxekwa ezinye izizwe nezakhamuzi zayo. Futhi, ngokuba iMelika izisalelisile ngaphandle kweNkantolo Yezizwezonke Yobugebenu, amacala eminingi wezakhamuzi nabaholi bayo ababandakanyeke ebuxhaphazweni kamalungelo abantu abashushiwa futhi abajeziswa ngendlela izizwe ezimpofu kakhulu zase-Afrika ziphathwa ngayo. Emuva kokuphela kweMpi Yesibili Yomhlabawonke, iMelika iphakamise ukuzimela kwezizwe, ukuhweba nezinye izizwe nokwanda kwentandoyeningi, nohlelo lobudlelwane ezizwe olusekelwe ngumthetho. Kepha ngenxa yezigameko ezifana nokuxhasa ababusi abacindezela izakhamuzi zayo, leziziphakamiso ziyosolwa kwezinye izigaba. Nakuba kunjalo, esikhathini kokudilika kwe[[UBumbano wamaSoviyethi|Bumbano wamaSoviyethi]] izizwe eziningi zithuthukile okomnotho futhi kwande intandoyeningi. == Ezomnotho == [[File:View of Empire State Building from Rockefeller Center New York City dllu (cropped).jpg|thumb|Umumodolobha wase iManhattan, inxenye ledolobha lase-New York, idolobha elindlula wonke amadolobha ngomkhiqizo]] iMelika inomnotho osezingeni eliphezulu lentuthuko. iMelika inomkhiqizo ohlangene wonyaka oyizigidintathu ezi-29.18$. Ngobusobala umkhiqizo okomnotho waseMelika undlula izizwe zonke zasemhlabeni. Kepha, makuqhathaniswa amandla okuthenga ngaphakathi kwezizwe, iMelika indlulwa iShayina. iMelika inokuhletshulelwana komkhiqizo ngamuntu wezi-$ 89,860. Ngaphandle kwezizwe ezincane, iMelika indlula izizwe zonke ngokuhletshulelwana komkhiqizo ngamuntu. iMali yaseMelika, iDola (USD) isetshenziswa ohwebeni nomthengiselwano ukundlula izizwe zonke zasemhlabeni (80% yemithengiselwano ngaphankathi kwezizwe ihamba ngamaDola). Uhlelo lezomnotho laseMelika kuhamba ngokuhweba okukhululekile olunemikhawulo emincane. Futhi, kukholelwa ukuthi abantu kufanele bazimele emikhakheni eminingi yempilo. Ngakho ke, eMelika kuvunyelwa ukuthi abaqhashi baxoshe abasebenzi kalula, izifundazwe eziningi aziphoqeleli imivikelo yamalungelo wabasebenzi ngendlela eqhathaniseka nabalingani be-Melika ngokuthuthuka kakhulu e-Yurophu. Nakuba mayilinganiswa nezintanga zayo, iMelika ayibizeli intelo eningi. Lokho kusho ukuthi iMelika ayineza imivikelo yomphakathi efana nezintanga zayo eziningi. Lokho kusho ukuthi nakuba kukhona izinhlelo ezifana ne-Medicare ne-Social Security, abantu kufanele bathembele ekongeni kwemali nokuzitshaleli umholo wabo emapenshinini (isib. i-401K). Iningi labasebenzi baseMelika abekho emibumbanweni yabasebenzi. Izifundazwe eziningi aziphoqi ukuthi abasebenzi banikezwe izinsuku zekhefu (isib. ikhefu nxakubeletha) ngaphandle kampelasonto namaholide. Nakuba ubugqili bungasavumelekile, iziboshwa zingaphoqelelwa ukusebenza njengesijeziso sokugwetshelwa icala. iMelika inemikhakha yomnotho eminingi. iMelika inothile ngomhlaba kakhulu ngoba ikhiqiza amafutha andlula izizwe zonke zasemhlabeni. Futhi iMelika ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wegolide, usokhele, insimbi, izenke nomophobo. iMelika inobuningi bomhlaba ovundile ondlula izizwe zonke, ngakho ikhiqiza izitshalelwa ezindlula izizwe zonke mazihlangene, kakhulu amaqobolondo wesoya (amabhontshisi wesoya), izihlamvu zamafutha, izintelo, umbila, ukolweni, imifino, ubisi nemikhiqizo yawo, nenyama. iMelika inomkhakha wamasevisi ondlula izizwe zonke. Inamankampani wobucwepeshe amakhulu kakhulu abizwa Isikhombisa Esiyisimangaliso: Meta (Facebook), Alphabet (Google, YouTube), Amazon, Nvidia, Microsoft, Apple, ne-Tesla. iMelika inomkhakha wezokuphathamali ondlula izizwe zonke. Amabhange amakhulu yilawa: JP Morgan Chase, Goldman-Sachs, Bank of America, Citigroup kanye neWells Fargo. Futhi, iMelika inezinkampani ezimbili ezilekela ukuthengiselwana ngobusimanje manje kakhulu amakhasi: Visa ne-Mastercard. iMelika inomkhakha ezobungcebeleka ondlula izizwe zonke. Kakhulu umkhakha wamafilimu eMelika, ominyenwe eHollywood, inxenye yedolobha iLos Angeles, indlula izizwe zonke zomhlaba ngomholo. Futhi iphethe izinkampani ezinkulu kulomkhakha: Disney, Netflix, Comcast, kanye ne-Paramount (kakhulu ngokuthenga i-Warner Bros. Discovery). iMelika ikhande abosomgidigidi abandlula izizwe zonke: 989 futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ibumbe usomgidintathu wokuqala emlwandweni womhlaba wonke: u-Elon Musk. iMelika ifeze lokuthuthuka nokubuso omnothweni ngenxa yezinsiza ezimbalwa: ukunotha komhlaba, izikhungo eziqinile, inani yabantu efunde ezingeni eliphezulu, ukunqoba izifo eziningi ezibhubhisa abasha, uhwebo okhululekile, nokuqamba izinguxa ezintsha sha ezimqoka esimanjemanjeni, namandla empi okuphoqelela izinhloso zayo. iMelika iqambe kokuqala lezizinguxa nezinhlelo zobucwepesha: [[uxhakaxholo]], [[IsiCikizi|isicikizi]], isikhanyiso [[amazuba|sombani]], [[iNdiza|indiza]], izubela lesiphemba, futhi [[isikhali senuzi]]. iMelika inesimo sezingqalasizinda esithuthuke kakhulu: uhleloxhumano lwemigwaqo okushesha olundlula izizwe zonke emhlabeni, izitheku zempahla kakhulu zase-New York nase-Los Angeles, inani lezikhululo zezindiza ezindlula izizwe zonke isib., i-Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, i-Dallas Fort Worth International Airport, ne-O'Hare International Airport. iMelika inezinkampani zezindiza ezinethonya kakhulu isib. Delta, American, Southwest ne-United. Umbani waseMelika uqhamuka emithombini embalwa: izivuthisi zentshicwa (isib. amalahle namafutha, amamoya emvelo 82%), amandla avuselelekayo (isib. ilanga, umoya, amanzi 10%), amandla enuzi (8%). ==Ezezibalozabantu== iMelika inenani labantu elindlula izigidi eziyi-386, elesithathu emhlabeni ngasemuva kwe [[iNdiya]] kanye [[iShayina]]. Ngenxa yobukhulu bobungakho bendawo ayinabo ubuminywana kwabantu obuningi. Kepha, lokhu kufihla ukuthi iningi labalihlali lihlala emadolobheni: 83% yabantu. Amadolobha amakhulu: i-New York, [[Chicago]], Los Angeles, [[Miami, Florida|Miami]], Houston, Dallas, Philadelphia, [[Washington, D.C.|Washington DC]], Atlanta nase-Boston. Izifundazwe ezinenani labahlali ziyi: [[California]], [[Texas]], New York, [[Florida]], [[Pennsylvania]], kanye ne-Illinois. {| class="wikitable" |+ ! colspan="4" |Amadolobha amakhulu aseMelika |- !# !Igama !Indawo !Inani |- |1 |New York |Nyakatho-Mpumalanga |20,112,448 |- |2 |Los Angeles |Ntshonalanga |12,844,441 |- |3 |Chicago |Mpakathi-Ntshonalanga |9,434,123 |- |4 |Dallas-Fort Worth |Ningizimu |8,477,157 |- |5 |Houston |Ningizimu |7,904,627 |- |6 |Atlanta |Ningizimu |6,482,182 |- |7 |Washington D.C. |Ningizimu |6,465,724 |- |8 |Miami |Ningizimu |6,391,072 |- |9 |Philadelphia |Nyakatho-Mpumalanga |6,329,118 |- |10 |Phoenix |Ntshonalanga |5,228,938 |} Nakuba [[isiNgisi]] siwulimi likazwelonke, iMelika ayinawo ulimi okomthetho njengezinye izizwe. Nakuba kunjalo isiNgisi sikhulunywa njengelimi elincelwa ebeleni futhi ekuyilimi lodwa elikhulunywa ngabantu aba-78%. Nakuba 22% lenani labantu likhuluma eminye olimi, wonke umuntu ohlala eMelika usazi nakancane isiNgisi. Ulimi olwesibili ngenani labantu abakukhulumayo [[IsiSpeyini|isiSpaniya]] olukhulunywa kakhulu eNingizimu. Ngenxa yokwamkela abafuduki abaningi, kunezilimi eziku-400 ezikhulunywa eMelika. Ngenxa yokuthunjwa, abansundu abokhokho babo abebayizigqili balahlekelwe izilimi zabo zomdabo zase-[[IAfrika|Afrika]]. Nakuba kunjalo, abansundu baseMelika baqambe inhlobo yesiNgisi esihlukile kwezinhlobo ezijwayelekile. Futhi, kunabakhuluma izinhlobo zesiSpaniya nesiFulentshi ezithintwe izilimi zase-Afrika. Abantu bomdabu baseMelika banciphe ngenani kangangokuthi bambalwa abasele ngenxa yokuhlalselwa, ukucindezelwa, ukubulawa nokuthelelewa amagcinwane nezifo zase[[IYurophu|Yurophu]] ngabamhlophe. Kungakho nakuba imvelaphi yabo iseMelika, bambalwa ababomdabu abasele. Kukhona abagcinile amasiko nezilimi zabo kakhulu isiNavajo. Futhi, kunemikhankaso okulondoloza nokudlondlobalisa izilimi zomdabu. iMelika yakhiwe esisekelweni sobandlululo okwehlanga. Ngenxa yalokhu kunokuhlukaniswa ngokwehlanga okuqinile. Lokho luholela ekutheni kubezinhlanga ezimbalwa: abamhlophe (abaqhamuka eYurophu kakhulu [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo|eBhulithani]] [[iJalimani|naseJalimani]]; 60%), abansundu (kakhulu abaqhamuka eNtshonalanga Afrika; 12%), amaSpaniya noma amaLathini (18%), [[I-Eshiya|nabase-Eshiya]] (5%). Izigidi ezi-48 zabantu zibuya ezizweni zangaphandle (14% yabantu). [[File:US Population pyramid 2026.png|thumb|Ipilamidi yabantu ekhombisa inani yezigaba zabantu ngobudala nagobulili]] Ngenxa yemfundo, ukuzimela okwemali, umncintisano ezemfundo nomsebenzi, izinsiza zokuvimba ukumitha, nokhululeka ekuzinqumeleni kwabesifazane, ukuzalwa kwabantu kuyancipha: kusukela u-2026 ngakujwayelekile owesifazane uzala abantwana abayi-1.62 (11 yamasana azalwayo kwenkulungwaneni yabantu). Lokhu kuthusa osozibalozabantu abaxwayisa ukuthi abasha baseMelika bazothwala kanzima ukunakekela abadala nokukhokha intelo enele ukuxhasa abadala. iMelika inconywana ukundlula ezinye ezizwe ezithuthukile ngoba unobukhono okuheha abafuduki. Kepha ucwaningo ukhombisa ukuthi umkhuba okuzala kwabafuduki ugcina ufana nezakhamuzi ezizelwe. iMelika ivuma ukuthi nayiphi ingane ezalwe eMelika ithola ubuzakhamuzi (ngaphandle kwaleyo ezalwe inxusa yesisinye esizwe). Kubikezelwa ukuthi lesimo sizobanga ukuncipha kwenani labantu kuqala ngo-2056. {{Multiple image|total_width=600|image1=Washington National Cathedral Looking SE.jpg|caption1=Inhlokosonto kaZwelonke laseWashington lebandla lama-Anglican lobuKristu|image2=Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (54960815718).jpg|caption2=isiKhungo sobuCwepheshe saseMassachusetts, eBoston, esiyinyuvesi ehamba phambili ezokungcikisha/ezobunjinyela emhlabeni wonke|image3=Texas medical center sundown.jpg|caption3=i-Texas Medical Centre, isibhedlele esindlula izibhedlela zezizwe zonke ngobukhulu nangocwaningo ezempilo}} Isiguquko sokuqala somthethosisekelo silondoloza ilungelo labantu ukuzikholela into ebayifunayo nokungavinjwa ekwenzeni kwamasiko neminqubi yaleyonkolo. [[UbuKristu]] bukholelwa abantu aba-64%. Lokhu kwenza iMelika inani labaKristu elokuqala emhlabeni ngobuningi. Kulandela 24% yabantu abangazibandakanyi ezinkolweni, be kusala ezinye izinkolo: UbuJuda, ubuHindu, UbuSulemani kanye nobuBhuda. iMelika ihamba phambile ezimfundweni eziphakeme emhlabeni wonke. Nakuba inezinkinga ngokufunda kwabantwana kakhulu mayiqhatanyiswa nezintanga zayo, iMelika ikhiqize abosonzululwazi, nabosocwepheshe abaqambe izinguxa ezintsha sha futhi. Futhi, izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme zihloniphekile kakhulu i-Harvard, i-Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT), i-Yale, i-California Technical Institute (Caltech), i-Stanford, i-Princeton, iNyuvesi yaseCalifornia eBerkeley nase-Los Angeles. Imfundo ephakeme eMelika ibiza kakhulu ngokwemali. Lokho kuholela ukuthi abafundi baboleke izimali eziningi. iMelika ithwala isiboleko sezemfundo esindlula izizwe zonke emhlabeni. iMelika inobucwaningo ezempilo obundlula izizwe zonke. iMelika ikhiqiza izinhlobo zezinsiza zokulapha ezihamba phambili. Abosonzululwazi baseMelika baqambe umuthi wesimanje wokulalisa umuntu makazohlinzwa, inalidi embhaxambili yokushabalalisa i-smallpox, iguxa yokulawula ukushesha kokushaya kwenhliziyo. Izindleko zaseMelika ezempilo zindlula izizwe zonke zasemhlabeni kepha imiphumela yezempilo ingaphansi kwezintanga zayo nezinye izimpofu. Lokhu kubangiswa ukuthi umkhakha wezempilo kakhulu izibhedlela nezikhungo zokulatshwa iningi lazo ziphethwe umkhakha wangasese. Lokho kubanga ukuthi ezempilo zibize kakhulu. Futhi, iMelika ayinawo uhlelo lokukokhekhela wonke umuntu izidingo zokulatshwa. iMedicare iyisikhwama sikazwelonke esikhokhela okuthile. Kepha izikhwama zangasese zifuneka ukugcwalisa lokhu okushodayo. ==Ezesiko== ===Ezokudla=== {{Multiple image|total_width=400|image1=BBQ Food.jpg|caption1=Inhlobo yeshisanyama|image2=Soul Food at Powell's Place.jpg|caption2=i-''Soul food'' ukudla kwabansundu obuhlanganisa ubu-Afrika nombumdabo baseMelika}} iMelika inezinhlobo eziningi zokudla. Ngaphambu kokufika kwabamhlophe, abomdabu bebadla imifino nezithelo ezikhiqizwe kumhlaba ngokwemvelo njengama-''chestnut'', umxozongo (artichoke), ''acorn'', ''pawpaw'',ilayisi yangasendle. Futhi bebazingela izinyamazane ezifana nezinyathi zaseMelika (i-''bison'') ne-''elk'' noma i-''carabou''. Futhi, bebafuya izilwane zokudla kakhulu igalkuni (i-''turkey''). iMelika inezinhlobo zamajikijolo omdabu ayo: ''blueberries, cranberries, blackberries, serviceberries'' nama-''elderberries''. Lamajikijolo adlilwa enjalo noma ayaphekwa. Amacabunga wemithi yama-''pine'' wayebiliswa ngamanzi ukuthi aphezelwe ukulaphisa noma ukuvikela izifo. Ngokufikwa kwabadlibezwe (abokhokho babamhlophe) kwalethwa izinhlobo zemifino yezizwe zangaphandle: ulabha (''turnip''), umkleshe (''spinach''),intshongwe (''carrot''). Ngenxa yokuthunjwa nokulethwa eMelika ngemphoqo, abansundu balethe imifino yase Afrika: igombo (''okra''), igode (''yam''), umqoqo wamahlo amnyama (''black eyed peas'') nokunye. Futhi, ukudla okwakujwayelekile eMekisiko naselizwekazini laseNingizimu Melika njengamazambane, intshelane/itamati, nama-''avocado'' azile nawo. Imfuyo efana nezinkomo, izingulube izimbuzi, izimvu nayo ize ngenxa yabadlibezwe. Ngokuhlangana kwabantu kaqanjwa izinhlobo zokudla ezihlanganyelene neMelika: isinkwa sombila (i-''cornbread''), amakhekhe (''biscuits''), umdoko (''grits''), inyama yegalkuni. Abafudukele eMelika balethe ukudlwa kwakibo njenge-''pizza'' (evela eTaliya), amabhega (''hamburgers'' evela [[iJalimani|eJalimani]]), ama-''hotdog'' (evela eJalimani), ama-doughnut (evela eJalimani). Ubuningi bezinhlobo zezilwane zaselwandle kuholele ekutheni imfanzi (''prawn''/''shrimp''), isikhuphashe (''lobster''), izimbata (''abalone''), ukhwathu (''oyster''). BaseMelika bathanda inyama ewosiwe kakhulu ephekwe ngentuthu (''barbecue'') futhi kudliwa inyama ewomisiwe (''jerky''). Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamafutha amaningi, ushukela obuningi, nokuphakelwa ngobukhulu, iMelika inenkinga yokukhulupha obuyingozi. Futhi, iMelika inobukhuluphala obundlula izizwe zonke zasemhlabeni. Lokho kuvela ekutheni iMelika ikhiqiza ukudla okuningi, ukudla kutholakala kalula, kunamakhemikhali afakwa ekudleni ukuthi ungaboli, ukuguqula [[isifuzisi]] sokudla ukuze kunone, kwande futhi kuvikeleke ezifeni kanye nokufaka imfuyo imithi ekuthi inone ingaguli lokho kungena ekudleni. Ubungalingani, kakhulu ubandlululo kubansundu okuhohela ukuthi kubenzima ukuthola imifino noma ukudla okuphelele kuzala ukukhuluphala kulowomphakhathi kanye nezizathu ezazishiwo. 4jmoutk94q227rami5bdxx53xgg61s2 2 9811 129801 128883 2026-09-26T12:59:47Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 129801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item ?from ?to WHERE { ?item p:P39 ?position . ?position ps:P39 wd:Q21328614 OPTIONAL { ?position pq:P580 ?from } OPTIONAL { ?position pq:P582 ?to } } |section= |sort=?from |sort_order=desc |one_row_per_item=no |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,?from:Start date,?to:End date,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q141565445|Kebebush Hameso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141565163|Fatuma Ahmed Yusuf]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141565127|Fatuma Abdullah]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141565096|Fanaye Tefera Yilma]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564877|Etsegenet Beyene Mehrete]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564496|Etefelwork Endris Zewdu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564482|Ereknesh Balcha Yohannes]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564466|Emebet Getahun Zeleke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564458|Elfnesh Yebio Haile]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564434|Ehtenesh Shibeno Zeleke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564429|Buzunesh Kake Tagesu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564422|Birtukan Wolde Sebsba]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564415|Birnesh Abraha Abay]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564411|Belaynesh Wake Tadesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564396|Belaynesh Qelbesa Garuma]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564389|Belaynesh Gebremariam Teklai]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564188|Ayelech Eshetu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564179|Aster Amare]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564176|Askal Tessema Tilahun]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564174|Asha Almin Ismail]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564169|Aselefech Bekele]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141564150|Q141564150]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561242|Almaz Araya]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561232|Alemtsehay Paulos]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561206|Adanech Brue Desalegn]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561183|Abonesh Areno Mosisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561135|Abaynesh Shika Munda]]'' | | | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q141561114|Aberash Admasu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998909|Kimia Jundi Hamdo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q131742999|Muna Ahmed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16731899|Aster Mamo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | [[File:Aster Mamo Ethiopia.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4832330|Azeb Mesfin]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | [[File:Azeb Mesfin in 2009 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2894082|Bekelech Feye]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2015-01-01 | 2021-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q356741|Negasso Gidada]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2005-01-01 | 2019-01-01 | [[File:Negasso Gidada.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q141412066|Fayima Jamal Abbamacca]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999661|Guled Ahmed Ali]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999659|Halimo Mahamed Abdi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999657|Ahmed Shide Mohamed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999653|Wendemu Girma Tamrasha]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999650|Goyeti Wancho Ayke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999647|Tekleweled Atnafu Ambula]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999644|Bekele Fole Sare]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999642|Selamu Bulado Bukana]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999639|Desalegn Misa Wallasa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999636|Tiratu Beyene Biltu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999633|Geremew Garj Gidabo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999630|Million Mathewos Korsisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999627|Genene Gedebu Feleha]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999624|Teshome Toga Cheneka]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999620|Tigist Tadele Atenafu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999617|Redwan Hussien Rameto]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999614|Terefe Tadesse Godi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999611|Alesa Mengesha Boko]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999608|Eyasu Kasa Ganjula]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999605|Gebeynesh Gizaw Yebo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999599|Eshetu Kebede Gichoro]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999597|Shisema Gebresilassie Weranga]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999594|Warquu Gaachanaa Nagarraa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999590|Umer Huseen Obaa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999586|Adaalee Odaa Tooduwaa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999583|Wogee Kufaa Buutee]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999579|Itoophiyaa Shaambal Damboobaa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999575|Kuulanii Mahammad Abdullaa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999573|Galaasaa Dilboo Goljaa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999569|Obbo Guutaa Laachoree Caakkee]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999564|Miiliyoon Baqqalaa Damissee]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999560|Shurrubbee Gammadii Nunaa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999555|Jamiilaa Simbiruu Tusaa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999551|Ababuu Damissee Kaamsuur]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999547|Bifto Mohammed Ibro]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999540|Binalf Andualem Ashenafi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999535|Asiya Qabdulkadir Barakat]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999531|Eyasu Elias Fantahun]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999528|Wondimu Tekle Sigo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999524|Zadig Abreha Sharew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999520|Zinaye Negash Zemedu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999515|Zinash Tsegaye Kalo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999511|Zeyini Abose]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999507|Zewdu Tadesse Wondimkun]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999504|Zewdenesh Tulu Gashe]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999500|Zeritu Shiferaw Beyene]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999496|Zemu Tesfaye Bendi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999494|Zemene Hailu Mekonnen]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999490|Zelalem Tadesse Ayalew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999485|Zelalem Melak Bogale]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999481|Zekarias Erekola Yimamo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999477|Zeineba Nura Bati]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999474|Zegeye Muluye Asres]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999469|Zara Mohammed Adana]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999466|Zara Biftu Nabi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999465|Zamzam Ahmed Jama]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999463|Yohannis Mesfin Gebeyehu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999461|Yineger Dessie Belay]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999458|Yiftu Gudisa Oshko]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999455|Yezina Mulati Zeleke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999452|Yezibalem Kasse Yismaw]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999449|Yeshimebrat Mersha Kasa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999446|Yeshimebet Demise Sewagegnehu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999443|Yeshihasab Tsegaw Welelaw]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999439|Yeshi Muka Wakaye]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999436|Yemengist Tsegaw Walelign]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999432|Yasmin Wehabrebi Seid]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999429|Wudalat Minwuye Bayih]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999425|Wubete Tadege Nibret]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999421|Worknesh Mohammed Hebiso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999417|Wondwosen Admase Tadesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999412|Woldeyes Debebe Delki]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999408|Werksemu Mamo Mekonnen]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999404|Werknesh Biru Bedasa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999401|Werkinesh Jemal Asfaw]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999398|Usman Surur Siraj]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999394|Usheto Hobicho Dabelo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999391|Usame Mohamed Muhumad]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999387|Ume Abdela Umer]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999384|Tsige Denboba Ayano]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999380|Tsehaynesh Gebre W / Michael]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999376|Tsehay Bekele Tafesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999370|Tseganesh Gamato Gamo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999366|Tola Hailu Hunde]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999363|Tiruaynet Temesgen Ayalew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999359|Tilahun Tamirat Mulu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999355|Tigist Wuhib Tsega]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999352|Tidenek Guldu Tsedeke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999348|Tia Mio Arsawa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999343|Thomas Tut Pok]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999339|Tewbo Mihereit Molla]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999334|Tewachew Abebe Yimer]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999331|Teshome Wale Gesesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999327|Teshome Abdo Segni]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999324|Tesfaye Beljige Dara]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999319|Tesfaye Bangu Kacho]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999315|Tesfatsion Shuka Gadana]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999312|Tesfanesh W/Mariam Angi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999308|Tesfanesh Tefera Asres]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999304|Tesfahun Sisay Mengistu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999299|Tesfahun Simegn Kebede]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999295|Tesfahun Bogale Jember]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999290|Temesgen Ambachew Biresaw]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999286|Tegene Regassa Luba]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999282|Tawfik Abdullahi Ahmed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999278|Tarke Daba Bobo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999275|Tana Gobena Fufa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999272|Talef Fitihawek Endeshaw]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999269|Tagese Chafo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999266|Tafesse Muleta Tesso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999262|Tadesse Getu Alemu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999259|Tadesse Beza Gebretsadik]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999256|Tadele Buraka Bushasha]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999252|Suwerk Tafese Goshu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999248|Sumiya Desalew Mola]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999244|Sultan Ibrahim Abagisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999239|Sosna Getahun Azene]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999236|Solomone Lale Kalo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999231|Solomon Soka Ginyarita]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999227|Solomon Kuchu Robi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999223|Siti Redwan Biza]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999221|Sintayehu Woldemichael Yohannes]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999216|Sintayehu Tilahun Abebe]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999212|Simneshi Sahlu Teum]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999209|Shurube Gemedi Nuna]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999206|Shumi Ayano Guto]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999203|Shifera Telila Senbetu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999198|Seyid Mohammed Hussein]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999194|Sewasewi Tizazu Abate]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999191|Senait Asradew Kokebe]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999188|Seleshi Bekele Awlachew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999184|Selamwit Dawit Kamase]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999182|Seid Nuru Ali]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999179|Seharla Abdulahi Bahdon]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999176|Samuel Urkato Kurke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999173|Samira Yusuf Ibro]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999170|Sahlu Diribsa Mosisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999165|Sadiya Usman Sheka]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999158|Sadiya Temam Shifa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999152|Sadiya Aman Gerado]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999142|Sadik Adem Umer]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999140|Ruqiya Argo Wariyo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999138|Ruqiya Ali Kewo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999134|Rosa Omar Ahmed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999131|Rahmet Awel Mohammed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999128|Rahel Negero Gutu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999125|Qasim Kimo Kebelo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999123|Nurzeman Jibril Negewo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999120|Nikuse Mituku Gelaw]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999118|Nezif Zinab A/Lulessa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999115|Nesredin Abduelmusin]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999112|Nemera Gebeyehu Mamo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999111|Nejet Andorso Adem]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999108|Nejat Girma Waqjira]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999104|Neima Usman Adem]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999101|Negeri Lencho Bultum]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999098|Negasse Bayissa Dubiwak]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999095|Negash Bulala Abawalta]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999092|Nefisa Almahadi Alakib]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999089|Nebiyat Tilahun Chaemiso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999086|Najaha Ahmed Abdullahi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999084|Muslim Rashid A / Gidi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999082|Munira Hussen Hassen]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999080|Muna Ali Yassin]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999077|Mulunesh Lamore Ushe]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999074|Muluken Assefa Jenebere]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999071|Muluken Admasu Emru]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999068|Mulu Yirga Sahele]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999065|Mulat Telayneh Asrate]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999063|Mubarek Elias Mustefa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999061|Molla Feleke Desta]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999058|Mohmmednur Ahmed Musa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999056|Mohamud Yusuf Mealin]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999053|Mohammed Shikur Mussa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999052|Mohammed Mohammedkemal Ali Al-Arusi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999048|Mohammed Hassan Abu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999044|Mohammed Ahmed Musa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999040|Mohammed Ahmed Aliye]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999037|Mohamed Musse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999035|Moges Balcha Gebremedhin]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999032|Moga Ababulgu Abakebe]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999029|Mitiknesh Cheleke Atsero]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999028|Misganu Arga Mo'Och]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999025|Miretu Shanko Gidi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999022|Miraj Zekiyi Jemal]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999019|Meskerem Hailu Alula]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999016|Mesfin Erkabe Mirach]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999012|Mesfin Dagna Tafesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999009|Meseret Zelalem Tadesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999008|Meseret Shiferaw Yadete]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999005|Meseret Mola Kassahun]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999003|Meseret Mamo Gamuro]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999002|Meseret Madole Ebo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131999000|Meseret Haile Masresha]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998998|Meseret Assefa Godana]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998996|Meselech Kewiso Kaye]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998994|Merdia Aman Guye]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998992|Melkias Ayele]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998990|Melese Mana Gemeso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998988|Melaku Fenta Chay]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998987|Mekdes Desta Jagare]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998985|Mebrat Bacha Wakjira]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998982|Meaza Tigabe Alemu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998980|Meaza Assefa Ergete]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998977|Matema Mīka Galito]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998973|Mastewal Mekonen Siyeneh]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998970|Martha Lema Tulu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998967|Marta Liwji]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998964|Mamo Esmealem Mihretu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998961|Mahatme Haile Workeneh]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998959|Magartu Mohammed Aman]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998956|Maeza Asmare Abtew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998953|Lubaba Seyidi Legasi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998952|Lubaba Ibrahim Hassen]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998946|Lobele Yhirano Baskwa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998942|Lidia Chali Argeta]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998936|Letifa A/Sambi A/Gojam]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998933|Leta Tesfaye Jule]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998931|Lencho Ayala Bati]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998928|Lema Tessema Yimere]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998924|Lema Abera Hirpo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998922|Latifa A/Temam A/Gisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998919|Kumaale Gadisa Obse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998915|Kocheto G/Yesus Deneto]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998912|Kindiya Aycheluhm Atalay]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998909|Kimia Jundi Hamdo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998906|Kidist G/Hana Mirgoye]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998903|Kidist Araya Tasew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998901|Kibnesh Shiferaw Robe]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998898|Kemal Hashi Mohamoud]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998895|Kefena Ifa Delesa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998892|Kedja Yassin Mohammed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998889|Kedir Gena Abdulkadir]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998887|Kedir Edris Ahmed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998884|Kedir Adam Arero]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998880|Kebede Genet Feyisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998877|Kasahun Jobir Gudeta]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998875|Kamil Shemsu Siraj]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998874|Kamil Aliy Kasim]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998867|Kalid Aba Mecha Haji]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998864|Kairedin Tezera Adera]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998860|Kaba Mebratu Dagne]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998857|Juhar Mohammed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998854|Jihad Nasser Abdu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998851|Jhon Amhed Abamilki]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998849|Jember Ayalneh Biru]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998846|Jemanesh W/Michael Wege]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998843|Jemal Abegaz Adem]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998842|Jemal Abaso Ebu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998840|Jamal Ali Mumi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998837|Iyasu Salah Ganjura]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998834|Ishetu Gelan]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998830|Illubabor Buno Tesso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998825|Ikram Maid Adan]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998824|Ifrah Towfik Aden]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998822|Ibsa Yusuf Hassan]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998820|Ibrahim Umar Aliyi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998819|Hiwot Mossisa Deresse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998817|Hirut W/Mariam Teketel]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998814|Hirut Kassaw Wondim]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998811|Helina Akelew Tadesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998809|Hayelo Gunefa Edosa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998807|Hayat Yusuf Mohammed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998804|Hassen Abdi Wali]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998801|Hassan Muhamed Moali]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998800|Hasna Hanfere]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998798|Hasen Shek Yusuf Abadulai]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998796|Haregwoin Yimer Ahmed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998794|Hangasa Ahmed Ibrahim]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998792|Hamedu Geas Mohammed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998790|Halimo Hassen Mohamed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998788|Haji Kedir Abdule]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998786|Habtemariam Mekonnen Ali]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998784|Habtamu Tegegne Destaye]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998782|Gusha Balko Birbirsa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998780|Gudeta Belelcha Sefisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998778|Goiti Wancho Oke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998776|Gezu Manaye Chakol]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998773|Getnet Tadele Tefera]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998771|Getahun Limenh Abegaz]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998769|Geremu Huluka Amanu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998766|Genet Waqgari Fitie]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998762|Genet Ketema Bekele]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998760|Genet Bete Gerawork]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998758|Genet Abraham Yayu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998756|Gelane Bikila Woyecha]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998753|Gashayalew Gala Galada]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998751|Gashaw Dagnew Lakew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998749|Fuad Abafita Ababulgo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998748|Fraol Udessa Gelchu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998743|Fisaha W/Senbet Tegegn]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998742|Firew Tesfaye Odayte]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998738|Fikru Werku Birshe]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998735|Fikir Abay Anawt]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998732|Fikadu Mengistu Ashemi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998727|Fikadu Gawshalo Memo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998724|Fikadu Bedilu Bolja]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998723|Feyid Sherab Sherif]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998720|Fetiya Ahmed Shire]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998717|Fetiya Ahmed Abrahim]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998715|Ferida Shemsedin Mohammed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998712|Fekadu Tulu Ketema]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998708|Fekadu Mosisa Gemeda]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998705|Faysal Odwa Abdi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998702|Fatuma Ali Ibrahim]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998699|Fato Ismo Beriso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998697|Fathi Mahdi Wezir]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998695|Faris Delil Yesuf]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998691|Farah Mohamed Farah]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998689|Fantaye Legesse Weldegiorgis]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998686|Fanos Hailu Adera]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998683|Fanaye Melese Wolde]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998679|Faima Shejemal Abamecha]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998672|Fahmi Ali Mohammed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998668|Eyob Tekalign Tolina]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998665|Eyerusalem Lewi Essey]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998659|Ewnete Alene Yalew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998654|Etsegenet Mengistu Zeleke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998649|Etefa Obsa Duresa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998644|Etagegnehu Eshetu Gudeta]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998640|Etaferahu Zegeye Ambaw]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998635|Etaferahu Mota Bogale]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998629|Esubalew Mebrate Tesema]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998625|Essa Boru Tola]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998620|Eskinder Aliye Abdula]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998616|Eshetu Temesgen Gelan]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998609|Eshetu G/Mariam Gol]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998604|Ergoge Tesfaye W / Meskel]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998601|Ephrem Tessema Taressa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998599|Eng Sileshi Kore Dube]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998594|Kemal Mohammed Zeynu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998590|Endriyas Geta Beldeda]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998588|Endalu Mulatu Lemi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998583|Endalkachew Lelisa Duresa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998580|Endalkachew Asrat Zeleke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998576|Elsabeth Ejigu Qena'A]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998574|Elias Ahmed Sadik]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998572|Ejigu Melake G / Meskel]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998569|Ebenezer Bekele Amare]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998566|Eba Mijena Negero]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998564|Duguma Adugna Debele]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998562|Dube Julo Maaga]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998560|Mohammed Abdo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998559|Dita Nura Tero]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998557|Diriba Galati Chali]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998555|Dina Mufti Ledi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998553|Dima Nogo Serbo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998551|Dilamo Otere Frange]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998549|Destaye Tilahun Misker]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998547|Destaw Mekuanint Mezengiya]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998545|Desta Befikadu Negewo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998543|Dessie Dalke Dukamo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998541|Dessalegn Chanie Dagnew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998540|Desalegn Wedaje Zemene]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998538|Desalegn Eriso Hasiso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998536|Dereje Teklemariam Gebremeskel]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998534|Dereje Debela Senbeto]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998530|Demeke Achiso Hirgeto]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998528|Dejitnu Alene Zewde]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998526|Debritu Tadege Mengesha]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998524|Debele Kabeta Hursa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998522|Debebe Admasu Yilma]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998521|Dawud Mohammed Nur]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998518|Daniel Kibret Birhane]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998515|Christian Tadele Tsegaye]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998513|Chimdo Hanchela Bulcha]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998511|Chaltu Werje Tuke]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998509|Chaltu Mohommed Abdurahmn]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998506|Chala Wata Deres]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998504|Chala Lami Argane]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998503|Bzuayehu Degefu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998501|Brooke Lambiso Wamisho]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998499|Birke Bahru Miraf]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998498|Birhanu Megersa Lenjiso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998496|Birhanu Hankara Hatiya]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998494|Biftu Hassan Jebero]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998491|Beza Teshome]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998489|Beyenech Demeke Ato]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998487|Betel Melakumu Abdisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998485|Berhanu Gobena Yabe]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998484|Berhanu Feisa Tila]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998482|Berhaneteshay T/Wold]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998480|Berhane Meskel Tena Zemenfes]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998479|Behelhem Lakew Sisay]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998477|Begashaw Teklu Alemayehu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998474|Bayush Birhanu Kerorsa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998472|Bayabl Mulate Fitgu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998470|Bartema Fikadu Siraga]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998468|Balew Baye Assefa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998466|Azmera Andemo Kelo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998465|Aysha Mohammed Musa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998462|Aynalem Niguse Ali]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998460|Ayisha Shehshifa Abdurahaman]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998458|Ayele Teshome Gonche]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998456|Ayele Negeri Gibo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998453|Ayantu Gutata Fite]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998451|Ayan Ali Mussa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998448|Awoke Amzaye Assoma]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998446|Atsede Mamo Tamale]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998445|Aster Keftaw Dachu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998443|Aster Beshir Figa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998441|Ashu Gololcha Oda]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998440|Ashinie Astin Titoyik]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998438|Asheber W. Giorgis Gayo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998435|Asha Yahya Salehi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998433|Asemahagn Aseres]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998431|Aselefech Kuche Goa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998429|Aschale Alamere Melesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998427|Aregash Tekile Tantu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998426|Aregash Kefle Karbo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998423|Arare Mosisa Etisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998422|Anesa Melko Hebero]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998420|Amsal Mengistu Alemu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998418|Amsal Amare Abate]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998415|Amira Mohammed Ahmed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998412|Amina Abdurahman Adem]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998410|Amarech Bekalo Sapa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998408|Almaz Wedajo Adimo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998407|Almaz Temesgen Sisay]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998405|Almaz Asale Ergado]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998403|Almaw Tigabu Melesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998402|Almaw Mengist Ambaye]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998400|Alie Belachew Bala]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998398|Alemu Sime]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998395|Alemu Jemberu Ayalew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998393|Alemu Gonfa Robi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998391|Alemu Getahun Sisay]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998389|Alemu Damtew Ashenafi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998387|Alemnesh G Mariam Imo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998385|Alemnesh Berhanu Obsa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998383|Alemitu Umed Ujulu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998382|Alemitu Assefa Tunduro]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998380|Alemitu Abebe Atisa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998378|Aknaw Kawza Malefiya]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998376|Ahmed Hassen Mohammed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998373|Agumase Anteneh Wube]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998371|Agu Deban Gesso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998368|Adugna Debela Bote]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998366|Adugna Ahmed Uso]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998364|Addisuwa Assefa Demise]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998362|Addisu Kamiso Garanba]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998359|Addis Alemayehu Qumbi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998357|Adanech Nashura Samago]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998355|Adane Teshome Getahun]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998353|Adane Mande Damtew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998352|Adane Alto Mengesha]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998349|Adamu Kenea Daba]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998348|Abune Alem Temesgen]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998346|Abreham Berta Aneseyee]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998343|Abraham Amish Assema]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998341|Abraham Alemayehu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998339|Abosh Mustafa Musa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998336|Abiyot Delegn Yirkayo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998333|Abere Adamu Teferi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998331|Abebaw Desalew Bayabl]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998328|Abeba Sadik Buser]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998327|Abduwas Abdulahi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998325|Abdusemed Hussen Abo]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998323|Abdurashed Abdilahi Ahmed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998321|Abdulkadir Gelgelo Boru]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998318|Abduljewad Mohammed Ahmed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998316|Abdulfatah Abdul Rahman Mohammed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998314|Abdulahi Mohammed Muse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998313|Abdu Hassan Mohamed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998311|Abdikarim Akib Aden]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131998309|Abate Arega Atalay]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131997903|Ababaw Ayalew Gal]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q131744049|Lomi Bedo Kumbi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q127038755|Shewit Shanka]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q104794313|Fitsum Assefa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:Minister of Planning and Development Fitsum Assefa Adela crop.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q62123939|Dagmawit Moges]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q57898816|Lia Tadesse]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:EU2024BE 240206 Lia Tadesse.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55238035|Muferihat Kamil Ahmed]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:Muferiat Kamil.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50365049|Abiy Ahmed]]'' | usombusazwe, I-Ithiopia | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:Prime Minister of Ethiopia Abiy Ahmed Ali (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18921783|Getachew Jigi Demeksa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:Dr.Getachew Jigi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16728486|Demeke Mekonnen]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:Demeke Mekonnen Hassen - 2020 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16205894|Lidetu Ayalew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q16187059|Sinknesh Ejigu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:Sinkinesh Ejigu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16149223|Ashebir Woldegiorgis]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q8046468|Yacob Haile-Mariam]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q5658111|Harka Haroyu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4996096|Bulcha Demeksa]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q4899848|Beyene Petros]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3572445|Yohannes Tiro Ejigayehu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3100062|Gedu Andargachew]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:Gedu Andargachew - 2019 (48802681123) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2275961|Seyoum Mesfin]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q161184|Meles Zenawi]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:Meles Zenawi - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2012.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q57383|Girma Wolde-Giorgis]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | | | [[File:Girma-Wolde-Giorgis official portrait.png|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} 6c5gxsi89y425r0pek2ieglli7kujo5 2 9841 129803 129419 2026-09-26T14:12:18Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 129803 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item ?from ?to WHERE { ?item p:P39 ?position . ?position ps:P39 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Article ! description ! Country ! Start date ! End date ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q138645801|Kouassi Koffi Kra Paulin]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2025-12-29 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138645775|Adama Bakayoko]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2025-12-29 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138603107|Ballo Nouho]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2025-12-29 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138603263|Flore Lago Kouassi]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2025-01-01 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3426681|René Netro]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2023-01-01 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q110726754|Naya Jarvis Zamblé]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2021-03-06 | | [[File:Naya Jarvis Zamblé.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q137455539|Marcellin Dapa Kouakou]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2021-01-01 | | [[File:Marcellin DAPA KOUAKOU.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q137120883|Soumaïla Bredoumy]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2021-01-01 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q119295728|Dominique Zegoua]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2021-01-01 | | [[File:Le député Zegoua Dominique.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108666080|Tiemoko Antoine Assalé]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2021-01-01 | 2025-01-01 | [[File:Assalé Tiémoko.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96678215|Adama Bictogo]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2011-12-11 | | [[File:Adama Bictogo at United States Institute of Peace on May 9, 2023 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q49500308|Célestine Olibé Trazéré]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2011-12-11 | | [[File:Honorable Olibé Célestine Trazéré.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3126401|Hamed Bakayoko]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2011-12-01 | 2021-03-10 | [[File:Hamed Bakayoko (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q129984590|Adjaratou Traoré]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2011-01-01 | 2016-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q107466549|Amy Toungara]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2011-01-01 | | [[File:Amy Toungara.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q107136438|Souleymane Roel Kone]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2011-01-01 | 2016-01-01 | |- | ''[[:d:Q68770341|Amadou Soumahoro]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2011-01-01 | 2019-01-01 | [[File:Amadou SOUMAHORO.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27757660|Yasmina Ouégnin]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2011-01-01 | 2016-01-01 | [[File:Yasmina Ouegnin 01.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3011884|Dagobert Banzio]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 2000-12-01 | | [[File:Dagobert Banzio.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q437761|Simone Gbagbo]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 1996-01-01 | 2004-01-01 | [[File:Simone Gbagbo usembassy 2006 crop.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2838739|Ally Coulibaly]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 1994-12-01 | 1999-12-01 | [[File:Ally Coulibaly.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3588311|Émile Atta Brou]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 1990-01-01 | | |- | ''[[:d:Q1441795|Francis Wodié]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 1990-01-01 | 1995-01-01 | [[File:Wodie.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100341292|Marthe Solange Achy Brou]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 1986-01-01 | 1990-01-01 | [[File:Marthe Solange Achy Brou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100341292|Marthe Solange Achy Brou]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 1976-01-01 | 1980-01-01 | [[File:Marthe Solange Achy Brou.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28860034|Jeanne Gervais]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | 1965-01-01 | 1980-01-01 | [[File:Jeanne Gervais.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q141544909|Kouassi Rebecca N’da]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141544888|Mariam Sangaré]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141544863|Mariam Touré]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141544810|Mariame Ouattara]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141544787|Fanta Koné]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141527615|Christine Adjoua]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141527584|Assetou Yeo]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141527560|Kady Blé]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141527540|Martine Gbéhi]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141527531|Adjoua Tégbé]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141520440|Aminata Bamba]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141520390|Téhé Assiéti]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141520357|Maimouna Ouattara]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141518504|Diabaté Awa]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141505507|Constance Gbazé]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141505474|Mawa Diomandé]]'' | | | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141505401|Salimata Ouattara]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141505353|Patricia Sylvie Yao]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141505339|Aminata Koné]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141505306|Touré Lydie]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141505203|Fadiga Fatoumata]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141505143|Kouamé N'Guessan Delphine Marie Ange]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141505050|Mariam Traoré]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141504982|Mireille Guéi]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138697719|Dion Rémi]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138685417|Kokousseu Tomin Alexis]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138678640|Toure Flanizara]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138603256|Sidibe Beri]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138603236|Sidibé Berry]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138603146|Soumaila Diarrasouba]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138603135|Bamba Cheich Lancina]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q138603129|N'guessan Kouassi Edouard]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q126454028|Jérôme Kablan Brou]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q104437318|Laurent Tchagba]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | [[File:Laurent Tchagba 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q91611446|Koné Dossongui]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | [[File:Bernard Koné Dossongui 03.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q59397217|Kouassi Kouamé Patrice]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | [[File:Kkp.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56457061|Madeleine Tchicaya]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q43012487|Véronique Aka]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | [[File:Veronique AKA.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28860033|Gladys Anoma]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q19956304|Gnangbo Kacou]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3557204|Victor Capri Djédjé]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3379201|Philippe Adou]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3310039|Michel Konan Blédou]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3271529|Léonard Offoumou Yapo]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3218990|Laurent Akoun]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3216756|Lamine Fadiga]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3151391|Innocent Anaky]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q3140836|Hortense Aka-Anghui]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | [[File:Hortense Aka-Anghui.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3098923|Gaston Boka Mené]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2881744|Bamba Kartiahouan]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2824847|Adolphe Konan Saraka]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | [[File:Dr Saraka Konan Adolphe.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2804030|Auguste Denise]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q2388022|Émile Boga Doudou]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | [[File:BogaDoudou1.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1888117|Mamadou Koulibaly]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | [[File:Pr. Mamadou Koulibaly (LIDER).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q424732|Aké Loba]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q179242|Laurent Gbagbo]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]] | | | [[File:Laurent Gbagbo (2008).jpg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} ira4s4upc5qdo4vwkwg5cdhxt9ilrhq 2 9964 129807 129420 2026-09-26T14:39:52Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 129807 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Listeria list for all those recognised by the OkayAfrica== {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P166 wd:Q54889438 } |section= |sort=P166/Q54889438/P585 |sort_order=desc |columns=label:Article,description,P27:Country,P166/Q54889438/P585:Year,P18:Image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! Year ! Image |- | ''[[:d:Q54954376|Natsai Audrey Chieza]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54954455|Baratang Miya]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54954627|Urenna Onyewuchi]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54956679|Mennat El Ghalid]]'' | isazi sezinto eziphilayo zaseGibhithe esiseParis esicwaninga isikhunta | [[IGibhithe]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54968655|Zintle Ntshikila]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54974228|Jane Mukami]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54974244|Simi Adeagbo]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54974284|Joyline Cherotich]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54974310|Winnie Okoth]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54974345|Keolebogile Mokolopo]]'' | umncintiswano nomqeqeshi wezintambo ezivela eNingizimu Afrika | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54974949|Glory Okon Edim]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54975165|Malebo Sephodi]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54975390|Koleka Putuma]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | [[File:Koleka Putuma, P1080548.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54975478|Upile Chisala]]'' | imbongi nososayensi waseMalawi | [[IMalawi]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55044984|Yasmin Belo-Osagie]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IGana]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55051826|Umra Omar]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55053089|Mari Malek]]'' | | [[INingizimu Sudan|ISudan yaseNingizimu]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55056554|Ammma brown]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55056941|Makho Ndlovu]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55057723|Zeinebou Mint Taleb Moussa]]'' | isishoshovu samalungelo esifazane eMauritania | [[IMoritaniya]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55057812|Nunu Ntshingila-Njeke]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55057843|Patricia Nzolantima]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55057949|Karen Attiah]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2017 | [[File:Karen Attiah Resisting Extremism in Africa- Ordinary Lives, Extraordinary Acts - 37860453116 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55057972|Yousra Elbagir]]'' | umlobi wezindaba waseSudan | [[ISudan]] | 2017 | [[File:Yousra Elbagir at the International Journalism Festival 2024 in Perugia, Italy 1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55058779|Clare Muhoro]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q55080910|Adesuwa Aighewi]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2019 | [[File:Adesuwa Aighewi Paris Fashion Week Autumn Winter 2019.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q56043265|Kawira Mwirichia]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q58301979|Teni]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | [[File:Teni à la célébration du Voudoun Days 2024 à Ouidah au Bénin (cropped).png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58641607|Yomi Adegoke]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2019 | [[File:Yomi Adegoke at the 2024 Edinburgh International Book Festival 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58915901|Chidera Eggerue]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2019 | [[File:Chidera Eggerue November 2017.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q58918446|Elizabeth Uviebinené]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60441895|Nadine Ijewere]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q60836183|Muthoni Drummer Queen]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2017 | [[File:Festival des Vieilles Charrues 2019 - Muthoni Drummer Queen - 039.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q61082400|Doreen Peter Noni]]'' | | [[IThanzaniya|ITanzania]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q61483352|Clemantine Wamariya]]'' | | [[IRuwanda]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2019 | [[File:Clemantine Wamariya.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Moonchild Sanelly]] | umculi | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2019 | [[File:Moonchild Sanelly sings on preview of MTV Down South 2019.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q64532867|Oyinkan Braithwaite]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2020 | [[File:Oyinkan Braithwaite1150112.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q66311684|Amarachi Nwosu]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | [[File:Amarachi-Nwoso-2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q70082614|Kiki Mordi]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2022 | [[File:Kiki Mordi (Keynote Speaker) - 54310879195.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71960124|Ama Marfo]]'' | | [[IGana]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71962455|Amy Aniobi]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71975784|Aweng Chuol]]'' | | [[INingizimu Sudan|ISudan yaseNingizimu]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71976238|Besidone Amoruwa]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71976585|Brenda Katwesigye]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71976779|Bose Ogulu]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | [[File:Bose Ogulu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71977385|Charlene Akuamoah]]'' | | [[IGana]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71978867|Claude Lavie Kameni]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71979350|Cleopatra Kambugu Kentaro]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | 2019 | [[File:Cleopatra Kambugu Kentaro.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71979515|Dami Olonisakin]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71979668|Damilola Odufuwa]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | [[File:Dami Odufuwa.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q71981497|Chao Mbogo]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71982517|Soull Ogun]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q71982639|Dynasty Ogun]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72048285|Fatuma Zarika]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72149956|Lillian Ahenkan]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72150351|Ifunaya Maduka]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72151308|Lucy Fye]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72151669|Anna Fye]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72151812|YaAdam Fye]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72152087|Jainaba Fye]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72154227|Grace Ladoja]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72154653|Hend Riad]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72154914|Mariam Hazem]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72156142|Iziegbe Odigie]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2019 | [[File:Trybedances Izzy Odigie NdaniTV Dec 2018.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q72157022|Jenn Nkiru]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]]<br/>[[INigeria]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72157232|Jessica Nabongo]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72160701|Karen Okonkwo]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72160878|Koketso Moeti]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72161059|Kovie Biakolo]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72161461|Laylah Amatullah Barrayn]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72161724|Lee Litumbe]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72164228|Luam Keflezgy]]'' | | [[I-Eritrea]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72164624|Manthe Ribane]]'' | | | 2019 | [[File:Manthe Ribane, 2016.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q72165987|Mapule Ndhlovu]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72166398|Massah David]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72167178|Miatta Johnson]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72167940|Monica Ahanonu]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72169974|Nikiwe Diova]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72170463|Nyma Tang]]'' | | [[INingizimu Sudan|ISudan yaseNingizimu]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72171565|Oronike Odeleye]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2019 | [[File:Oronike Odeleye for ArtsATL Kindle Award.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q72171866|Penda N'diaye]]'' | | [[ISenegal]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72172094|Phiona Okumu]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72172657|Refilwe Ledwaba]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72177802|Shauna Barbosa]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72180840|Sherrie Silver]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72181398|Sisonke Msimang]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2019 | [[File:Sisonke Msimang - TEDxSoweto 2014 - arm raised (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q72182118|Teni Adeola]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72182776|Tiffany Aliche]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72183276|Tsion Gurmu]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72184324|Sierra King]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72184433|Brittany Spell]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72184541|Maureen Nicol]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72184713|Amina Cush]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q72184818|Zainab Aliyu]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q130752444|Ley Uwera]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | | [[File:Ley Uwera.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q23816363|Imbolo Mbue]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2017 | [[File:Imbolo Mbue 2.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q23899788|Simi]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | [[File:Simi singer from Nigeria born 1988 at NdaniTV session.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24049156|Alexis Okeowo]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Alexis Okeowo Resisting Extremism in Africa- Ordinary Lives, Extraordinary Acts.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24248220|Ethel Delali Cofie]]'' | | [[IGana]] | 2017 | [[File:Ethel D Cofie.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24255698|Niniola]]'' | umlobi wengoma waseNigeria | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | [[File:Niniola Nigerian Singer songwriter.png|center|128px]] |- | [[Nomzamo Mbatha]] | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q24713124|Adesua Etomi]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | [[File:Adesua Etomi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24851630|Bozoma Saint John]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[IGana]] | 2018<br/>2017 | [[File:Bozoma Saint John at Essence Festival of Culture July 2025 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q25199129|Alsarah]]'' | | [[ISudan]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Alsarah 06332.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q25344489|Angelica Nwandu]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Angelica Nwandu 2020.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q26263150|Naomi Ruele]]'' | | [[IButswana]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q26436159|Ilhan Omar]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2017<br/>2019 | [[File:Ilhan Omar, official portrait, 116th Congress.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q26905832|Fadumo Dayib]]'' | | [[ISomaliya|ISomalia]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q27062883|Aminatou Sow]]'' | | | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q27063353|Tope Oshin]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | [[File:Tope Oshin.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27063905|Lisa Folawiyo]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | [[File:Lisa Folawiyo Designer.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27450115|Funke Opeke]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | [[File:Funke Opeke - ITU Telecom World 2016 - Industry Leaders Roundtable.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27469042|Oreoluwa Lesi]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2020 | [[File:Oreoluwa Somolu Lesi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27494203|Luvvie Ajayi]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q27744678|Rebeca Gyumi]]'' | | [[IThanzaniya|ITanzania]] | 2019 | [[File:Rebeca Gyumi.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27999600|Touria El Glaoui]]'' | | [[IMorokho]] | 2017 | [[File:Touria El Glaoui.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28025952|Yvonne Orji]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2017 | [[File:Yvonne Orji.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Babes Wodumo]] | ungumculi waseNingizimu Afrika | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q28648829|Clarisse Iribagiza]]'' | | [[IRuwanda]] | 2017 | [[File:Clarisse Iribagiza 2014.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28654904|Shekhinah]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2019 | [[File:Shekhinah.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28736612|Nadia Rose]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q28841772|Salome Asega]]'' | | | 2019 | [[File:ArtAndFeminism MoMA18 - 06 - Salome Asega.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28859681|Adama Delphine Fawundu]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q28859847|Halima Aden]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Halima Aden Paris Fashion Week Autumn Winter 2019.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28911657|Lady Skollie]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q28967562|Adwoa Aboah]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2019 | [[File:Adwoa aboah 2019 1.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29160452|Jessica O. Matthews]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29413652|Khoudia Diop]]'' | | [[ISenegal]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q29418661|Tomi Adeyemi]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[INigeria]] | 2019 | [[File:NBF2024-tomi-adeyemi.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29886137|Cherrie]]'' | | [[ISwidi]] | 2019 | [[File:Cherrie in 2021.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q29912279|Yrsa Daley-Ward]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2018 | [[File:Yrsa Daley Ward.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30228170|Delphine Diallo]]'' | | [[IFulansi]]<br/>[[ISenegal]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q30571413|Ade Hassan]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2018 | |- | [[Sho Madjozi]] | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2019 | [[File:Sho Madjozi March 2019.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q37793136|Aya Nakamura]]'' | | [[IFulansi]]<br/>[[IMali]] | 2019 | [[File:Aya Nakamura IMG 4756 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q41221013|Adelle Onyango]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2018 | [[File:Adele Onyango on Hustle Yako.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42997985|Loza Maléombho]]'' | | [[Ugu Emhlophe]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q43396455|Asma Khalifa]]'' | | [[ILibhiya|ILibiya]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q44845816|Vanessa Kingori]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]]<br/>[[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2018 | [[File:Vanessa Kingori at SXSW London June 2025.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q45354341|Kemiyondo Coutinho]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | 2019 | [[File:Playwright Kemiyondo Coutinho.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q46067386|Maame Biney]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[IGana]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q47031031|Adut Akech]]'' | | [[I-Ostreliya]]<br/>[[INingizimu Sudan|ISudan yaseNingizimu]] | 2019 | [[File:Adut Akech at Roberto Cavalli FW22.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q48219695|Akuoma Omeoga]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q50345169|Okwui Okpokwasili]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[INigeria]] | 2019 | [[File:Okwui Okpokwasili in Visceral Disruptions.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50346875|Sarah Waiswa]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q50379528|Seko Shamte]]'' | | [[IThanzaniya|ITanzania]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q50720240|Lina Iris Viktor]]'' | | [[ILiberia]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q51289615|Hania Morsi Fadl]]'' | | [[ISudan]] | 2018 | [[File:Hania Morsi Fadl (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q53567553|Duckie Thot]]'' | | [[I-Ostreliya]]<br/>[[INingizimu Sudan|ISudan yaseNingizimu]] | 2019 | [[File:Duckie Thot after fashion show.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54892135|Kasiva Mutua]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54896828|Velma Makhandia]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54897214|Kahindo Mateene]]'' | umklami wemfashini waseCongo | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54897483|Philomena Kwao]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54897722|Jackie Aina]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[INigeria]] | 2017<br/>2018 | [[File:Jackie Aina 2021 (3x4 cropped).png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54898564|Tony Gum]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54898628|Benny Bonsu]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54898654|Agang Ditlhogo]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54898803|Wayétu Moore]]'' | | | 2017 | [[File:Wayétu Moore.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54899839|Lina Gadi]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54899918|Hanta Tiana Ranaivo Rajaonarisoa]]'' | usomabhizinisi waseMalagasy | [[IMadagasika]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54900027|Louise Umutoni]]'' | | [[IRuwanda]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54907588|Eniola Mafe]]'' | usomabhizinisi waseNigeria owazalwa eLondon | | 2018 | [[File:Eniola Mafe in Geneva.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54907679|Isis Nyong’o Madison]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54907772|Michelle Ntalami]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54907829|Tebogo Anna Mashego]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54907935|Ebele Okobi]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | [[File:Ebele Okobi at International Journalism Festival 2024 in Perugia 4.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54908063|Sara Menker]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2018 | [[File:Sara Menker 2017.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54912300|Yagazie Emezi]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54912328|Zim Ugochukwu]]'' | usomabhizinisi wokuhamba waseNigeria | [[INigeria]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54912330|Evelyn Ngugi]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54912341|Jojo Abot]]'' | | [[IGana]] | 2017 | [[File:Jojo Abot.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54914089|Tsitsi Masiyiwa]]'' | | [[IZimbabwe]] | 2018 | [[File:Mrs Tsitsi Masiyiwa.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54914118|Graça Maria Sanches]]'' | | [[IKhepi Vedhi]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54914125|Moiyattu Banya]]'' | | [[ISiera Liyoni]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54915207|Sethembile Msezane]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | [[File:Sethembile Msezane- Portrait.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54921386|Ghada Wali]]'' | | [[IGibhithe]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54921442|Kelechi Okafor]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54921856|Katlego Kai Kolanyane-Kesupile]]'' | umculi, umlobi kanye ne-LGBTQ isishoshovu esivela eButswana | [[IButswana]] | 2018 | [[File:Performance artist Kat Kai Koi-Kes.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54921998|Malin Fezehai]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54927244|Abrima Erwiah]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54928547|Diana Opoti]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54928698|Heroda Berhane]]'' | | [[I-Eritrea]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54928778|Hermon Berhane]]'' | | [[I-Eritrea]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54928956|Susy Oludele]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54929000|Sarah Diouf]]'' | | [[ISenegal]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54931014|Amy Sall]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54932082|Solange Lusiku Nsimire]]'' | | [[IKhongo-Kinshasa|IRiphabliki Labantu weKongo]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54935401|Anyiko Owoko]]'' | | | 2018 | [[File:Anyiko Owoko in the video 'Fena Gitu - I'm A Square Peg In A Round Hole'.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54935411|Ainehi Edoro-Glines]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54939026|Kay Oyegun]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54939128|Nicole Amarteifio]]'' | | [[IGana]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54939343|Unoma Ndili Okorafor]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | [[File:Unoma Okorafor at Gem Tech Awards 2016.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q54953801|Joy Chebet Bii]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54953914|Tshiamo Legoale]]'' | | | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q54954016|Amel Ben Abda]]'' | | ''[[:d:Q2017684|French protectorate of Tunisia]]''<br/>[[IThuniziya|ITunisia]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5834|Caster Semenya]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2017 | [[File:Caster Semenya (42411013704) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5998|Vivian Cheruiyot]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2017 | [[File:Vivian Cheruiyot Rio 2016.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q51700|Juliana Rotich]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2017 | [[File:Juliana Rotich - World Economic Forum on Africa 2012.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Zanele Muholi]] | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018<br/>2017 | [[File:Zanele Muholi, 2011 (cropped).JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q229029|Thandiwe Newton]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2019 | [[File:Thandiwe Newton Peabody Awards, June 2021.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q230113|Gabourey Sidibe]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Gabourey Sidibe at PaleyFest 2014 - 13491368805.jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]] | umlobi waseNigeria | [[INigeria]] | 2017 | [[File:2025-06-16 Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie no Fronteiras do Pensamento 2025 em São Paulo, 013 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q231276|Angelique Kidjo]]'' | | [[IBenini]]<br/>[[IFulansi]] | 2018 | [[File:25o Premio da Musica Brasileira (14004847740).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q237106|Marie NDiaye]]'' | | [[IFulansi]] | 2018 | [[File:Marie Ndiaye 01.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q256531|Iman]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[ISomaliya|ISomalia]] | 2017 | [[File:Iman 1996.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q289462|Seun Adigun]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2017<br/>2018 | [[File:Seun Adigun in 2022.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q290220|Leila Aboulela]]'' | | [[ISudan]] | 2018 | [[File:Leila Aboulela (2010).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q443884|Aïssa Maïga]]'' | | [[IFulansi]]<br/>[[ISenegal]] | 2017 | [[File:Aïssa Maïga at Cannes Film Festival 2025 03 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q445463|Mayra Andrade]]'' | | [[IKhepi Vedhi]] | 2019 | [[File:.Mayra Andrade. (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q452213|Francine Niyonsaba]]'' | | [[IBhurundi|IBurundi]] | 2017 | [[File:Francine Niyonsaba Rio 2016.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q457420|Wangechi Mutu]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q467094|Oumou Sangaré]]'' | | [[IMali]] | 2018 | [[File:(Oumou Sangaré) De la poesía a la música de raíz, sonidos de la segunda noche de San Isidro.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q510629|Jemima Sumgong]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2017 | [[File:PortraitJemimaJelagatSumgongRio2016.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q636653|Danai Gurira]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[IZimbabwe]] | 2017<br/>2019 | [[File:Danai Gurira 2024 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q707255|Fatoumata Diawara]]'' | | [[IMali]] | 2017 | [[File:Fatoumata Diawara Rudolstadt 11 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q773793|Sona Jobarteh]]'' | | [[IGambia]]<br/>[[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2017<br/>2019 | [[File:Aid for Trade Global Review 2017 – Day 1 Sona Jobarteh tuning kora.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1400134|Hedaya Malak]]'' | | [[IGibhithe]] | 2017 | [[File:Hedaya Malak Rio2016b.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1475185|Kah Walla]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | 2018 | [[File:Kwalla.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2053031|Flaviana Matata]]'' | | [[IThanzaniya|ITanzania]] | 2017 | [[File:Flaviana.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2514348|Titica]]'' | | [[I-Angola]] | 2018 | [[File:Titica por Rachel Teixeira.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2839100|Almaz Ayana]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2017 | [[File:Almaz Ayana Beijing 2015.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3439879|Rokhaya Diallo]]'' | | [[IFulansi]] | 2017 | [[File:Europa21 - 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3453629|Ruth Negga]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]]<br/>[[I-Ayilendi]] | 2017 | [[File:Ruth Negga by Gage Skidmore 3.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3566180|Wanuri Kahiu]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2018<br/>2019 | [[File:Wanuri Kahiu at the 2025 Sundance Film Festival (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3614333|Aminatta Forna]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2019 | [[File:Aminatta Forna 5190258.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3658171|Phiona Mutesi]]'' | | [[IYuganda]] | 2017 | [[File:Phiona Mutesi 2013.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3840847|Lupita Nyong'o]]'' | | [[IMekisiko]]<br/>[[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2017 | [[File:LupitaNyongo-byPhilipRomano3.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3877423|Nnedi Okorafor]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[INigeria]] | 2018<br/>2017 | [[File:Nnedi Okorafor at National Book Festival 2025.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4680087|Adama Ndiaye]]'' | | [[ISenegal]] | 2019 | [[File:Adama Paris Fashion Week 24 Nov 2016 on NdaniTV.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4696644|Aida Muluneh]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2017 | [[File:Aida Mulune.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4696652|Aïda Touré]]'' | | [[IGabhoni|IGaboni]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q4747087|Amma Asante]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2017 | [[File:Amma Asante at MIFF.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4945158|Unity Dow]]'' | | [[IButswana]] | 2017 | [[File:Unity Dow - PopTech 2011 - Camden Maine USA (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5509330|Funmi Iyanda]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q5530444|Gelila Bekele]]'' | | [[I-Itiyopiya|I-Ithiopia]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6079886|Isha Sesay]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]]<br/>[[ISiera Liyoni]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2019 | [[File:Nima Elbagir and Isha Sesay, May 2015.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6547427|Little Simz]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2019 | [[File:Little Simz - Openair Frauenfeld 2019 05.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6766135|Mariéme Jamme]]'' | | [[ISenegal]]<br/>[[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2017 | [[File:Web Summit 2018 - Forum Rostra - Day 2, November 7 SMX 0270 (30827501057).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6778538|Marwa Amri]]'' | | [[IThuniziya|ITunisia]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q6835591|Michaela DePrince]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[ISiera Liyoni]] | 2017 | [[File:191008 Mind the Mind Now - 48865568151 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6917040|Mosunmola Abudu]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]]<br/>[[INigeria]] | 2017 | [[File:Mosunmola Abudu 1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7037531|Nima Elbagir]]'' | | [[ISudan]]<br/>[[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2019 | [[File:Nima Elbagir and Isha Sesay at the 74th Annual Peabody Awards.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7074927|Obiageli Katryn Ezekwesili]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | [[File:Obiageli Katryn Ezekwesili, 2009 World Economic Forum on Africa (cropped).png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7423050|Saran Kaba Jones]]'' | | [[ILiberia]] | 2017 | [[File:Saran Kaba Jones.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7484811|Taiye Selasi]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2018 | [[File:TaiyeSelasi P1030135.JPG|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7560413|Somi]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2017 | [[File:SOMI, концерт в рамках фестиваля "Акваджаз" в "Зимнем театре".jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7704911|Terry Pheto]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2017 | [[File:Terry Pheto cropped.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7810465|Tiwa Savage]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]]<br/>[[INigeria]] | 2018 | [[File:Tiwa Savage's studio portrait.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7830609|Toyin Ojih Odutola]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q13560267|Issa Rae]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2017 | [[File:Issa Rae, producer, writer, and actress, at SXSW 2025 01 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q14941915|Uzo Aduba]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Uzo Aduba 2014 (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16198724|Sanaa Benhama]]'' | | [[IMorokho]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16208867|Efya]]'' | | [[IGana]] | 2018 | [[File:Efya at an event.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16211105|Idil Ibrahim]]'' | | [[ISomaliya|ISomalia]] | 2018 | [[File:Idilibrahim1.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16211548|Vanessa Mdee]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2017 | [[File:VeeMoney.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16216180|Hodan Nalayeh]]'' | | [[ISomaliya|ISomalia]]<br/>[[IKhanada]] | 2019 | [[File:Hodan Nalayeh Somalia (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16231679|Rosalyn Gold-Onwude]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2019 | [[File:RGOIndiana2016.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16231862|Amaka Osakwe]]'' | umklami wemfashini waseNigeria | [[INigeria]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16232420|Warsan Shire]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]]<br/>[[ISomaliya|ISomalia]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q16297487|Regina Agyare]]'' | | [[IGana]] | 2019 | [[File:Regina Honu.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16727436|Farida Bedwei]]'' | | [[IGana]] | 2017 | [[File:Farida Bedwei 2.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16728813|Ilwad Elman]]'' | | [[ISomaliya|ISomalia]] | 2018<br/>2017 | [[File:Ilwadelman2 (cropped 2).jpg|center|128px]] |- | [[Thuli Madonsela]] | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | [[File:Thuli Madonsela April 2014.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16745368|Khanyi Dhlomo]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | [[File:Khanyi Dhlomo.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16761673|Seinabo Sey]]'' | | [[ISwidi]] | 2019 | [[File:Seinabo Sey.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16821687|Semhar Araia]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Semhararwh.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17022430|Faarrow]]'' | | | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q17109424|Toke Makinwa]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2017 | [[File:NdaniTV Toke Makinwa OAP Nov 2018.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17306137|Kelela]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Kelela Piknik i Parken 2018 (205003).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17747951|Asisat Oshoala]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | [[File:Asisat Oshoala 2019 Champions League.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18016138|Yemi Alade]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2017 | [[File:Yemi Alade studio portrait.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18148871|Charlo Greene]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q18216886|Kemi Adetiba]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2017 | [[File:Kemi Adetiba.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18217812|Okwiri Oduor]]'' | | [[IKhenya|IKenya]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q18534020|Maria Borges]]'' | | [[I-Angola]] | 2017 | [[File:Maria borges at 82nd Venice International Film Festival-3 (cropped2).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18637243|Michaela Coel]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2017 | [[File:Michaela Coel Peabody Awards, June 2021.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18637627|Bonang Matheba]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2017 | [[File:Bonang Matheba.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19513511|Monica Geingos]]'' | | [[INamibhiya]] | 2018 | [[File:MonicaGeingos.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19589575|Émilie Béatrice Epaye]]'' | | [[Central African Republic|i-Central African Republic]] | 2017 | [[File:Beatrice Epaye (Central African Republic) - International Women of Courage Awards 2015.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19630433|Grace Mahary]]'' | | [[IKhanada]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q19885291|Ayọ Tometi]]'' | | [[IMelika]]<br/>[[INigeria]] | 2017 | [[File:Ayọ Tometi - 2021 (51648565860) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20013339|Bibi Bakare-Yusuf]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20022984|Ameenah Gurib-Fakim]]'' | | [[IMorishisi]] | 2017 | [[File:Ameenah Gurib-Fakim.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20640678|Julie Adenuga]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2019 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20679792|Uche Eze]]'' | | [[INigeria]] | 2018 | |- | [[I-Pearl Thusi]] | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20975327|Ngozi Onwumere]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2018 | |- | ''[[:d:Q20981886|Rapelang Rabana]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2017 | [[File:Rapelang Rabana.jpeg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20982032|Redi Tlhabi]]'' | | [[IRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika|IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika]] | 2018 | [[File:Redi Thlabi Mandela Washington Fellowship 2017 (34818508705).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21448010|Tebello Nyokong]]'' | | [[OSotho]] | 2017 | |- | ''[[:d:Q21592474|Cynthia Erivo]]'' | | [[Umbuso Ohlangeneyo]] | 2018 | [[File:Cynthia Erivo - Wicked-FYC-1.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22097089|Vera Songwe]]'' | | [[IKamerooni]] | 2018 | [[File:Vera Songwe at the UK-Africa Investment Summit 2020 (49418317753) (cropped).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22097343|Haben Girma]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Haben girma.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22277592|Anna Diop]]'' | | [[IMelika]] | 2019 | [[File:Anna Diop (2016) (close-up).jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q23000953|Chika Oduah]]'' | | [[INigeria]]<br/>[[IMelika]] | 2018 | [[File:Chika Oduah El Mundo Spain Madrid.jpg|center|128px]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} cj0g8q49dljzv8amoko56fezf656px1 2 10162 129808 127694 2026-09-26T14:46:52Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 129808 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Wikidata list |sparql=SELECT ?item WHERE { ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q1394653 } |section= |sort=P131 |sort_order=asca |columns=label:Article,description,P17:Country,P131:In administrative entity,P625:Geo Coordinate,P18:Image,P242:Locator map image |thumb=128 |min_section=2 }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Article ! description ! Country ! In administrative entity ! Geo Coordinate ! Image ! Locator map image |- | ''[[:d:Q141137577|Préfecture de Sinko]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q853169|Beyla Prefecture]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141137579|Préfecture de Kouankan]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q853169|Beyla Prefecture]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141137581|Préfecture de Karala]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q853169|Beyla Prefecture]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q614669|Gaoual Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q862611|Boké Region]]'' | {{Coord|11.750278|-13.201111|display=inline}} | [[File:Hopital gaoual.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Gaoual.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q890340|Boffa Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q862611|Boké Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.184167|-14.043889|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Boffa.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q891238|Boké Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q862611|Boké Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.941111|-14.298333|display=inline}} | [[File:A plantation owner in the Boké prefecture.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Boke.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1456055|Fria Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q862611|Boké Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.368611|-13.585556|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Fria.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1781312|Koundara Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q862611|Boké Region]]'' | {{Coord|12.483889|-13.302222|display=inline}} | [[File:Formicai vicino Koundara.Guinea.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Koundara.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q141137568|Préfecture de Kamsar]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q862611|Boké Region]]'' | | [[File:CBG a Kamsar Guinée.jpg|center|128px]] | |- | ''[[:d:Q1156587|Dabola Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870166|Faranah Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.748056|-11.106111|display=inline}} | [[File:Champ d'agricole de diawéya.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Dabola.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1226479|Dinguiraye Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870166|Faranah Region]]'' | {{Coord|11.300833|-10.718056|display=inline}} | [[File:Guinea Dinguiraye market.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Dinguiraye.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1396210|Faranah Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870166|Faranah Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.038889|-10.72|display=inline}} | [[File:Rundhäuser 9497.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Faranah.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1470920|Kissidougou Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870166|Faranah Region]]'' | {{Coord|9.186944|-10.106944|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Kissidougou.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q853169|Beyla Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | [[IGini]] | {{Coord|8.686667|-8.657778|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Beyla.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q581719|Kankan Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870191|Kankan Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.384722|-9.306944|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Kankan.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q962654|Kérouané Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870191|Kankan Region]]'' | {{Coord|9.266389|-9.017222|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Kerouane.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1470878|Mandiana Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870191|Kankan Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.633889|-8.701111|display=inline}} | [[File:Traditional farming Guinea.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Mandiana.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1471573|Kouroussa Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870191|Kankan Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.652778|-9.885|display=inline}} | [[File:Fluss Niger bei Kouroussa.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:Kouroussa prefect Guinea Map.jpg|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q141137570|Préfecture de Tokounou]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870191|Kankan Region]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141137571|Préfecture de Dialakoro]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870191|Kankan Region]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141137572|Préfecture de Sabadou Baramana]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870191|Kankan Region]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q616816|Coyah Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868520|Kindia Region]]'' | {{Coord|9.700278|-13.383889|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Coyah.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q922545|Télimélé Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868520|Kindia Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.906111|-13.043333|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Telimele.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1263263|Dubréka Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868520|Kindia Region]]'' | {{Coord|9.784167|-13.5175|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Dubreka.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1439329|Forécariah Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868520|Kindia Region]]'' | {{Coord|9.434722|-13.085278|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Forecariah.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1741960|Kindia Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868520|Kindia Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.058056|-12.868889|display=inline}} | [[File:Camara, légende vivante du Soli à Kindia, Guinée.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Kindia.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q253661|Lélouma Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868515|Labé Region]]'' | {{Coord|11.1833|-12.9333|display=inline}}<br/>{{Coord|11.472|-12.67|display=inline}} | [[File:Lelouma petel 16.6.20.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Lelouma.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q623409|Koubia Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868515|Labé Region]]'' | {{Coord|11.59|-11.894|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Koubia.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1432094|Tougué Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868515|Labé Region]]'' | {{Coord|11.45|-11.6833|display=inline}}<br/>{{Coord|11.4883|-11.8004|display=inline}} | [[File:Tougué.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Tougue.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1781017|Mali Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868515|Labé Region]]'' | {{Coord|12.0839|-12.3014|display=inline}}<br/>{{Coord|12.086|-12.302|display=inline}} | [[File:Mairie de Mali (Guinée).jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Mali.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1781303|Labé Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q868515|Labé Region]]'' | {{Coord|11.318056|-12.286111|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Labe.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q623295|Mamou Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q1043650|Mamou Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.3833|-12.0833|display=inline}}<br/>{{Coord|10.3757|-12.0941|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Mamou.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q623302|Dalaba Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q1043650|Mamou Region]]'' | {{Coord|10.6917|-12.25|display=inline}}<br/>{{Coord|10.6873|-12.25|display=inline}} | [[File:Mairie de Dalaba.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Dalaba.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q736507|Pita Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q1043650|Mamou Region]]'' | {{Coord|11.0588|-12.3995|display=inline}} | [[File:Kambadaga Pita.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Pita.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q141137569|Préfecture de Timbo]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q1043650|Mamou Region]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q623139|Yomou Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870146|Nzérékoré Region]]'' | {{Coord|7.569|-9.256|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Yomou.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q623142|Guéckédou Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870146|Nzérékoré Region]]'' | {{Coord|8.56667|-10.1333|display=inline}}<br/>{{Coord|8.5685|-10.1347|display=inline}} | [[File:Guinea tree nursery.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:GN-Gueckedou.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q623145|Lola Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870146|Nzérékoré Region]]'' | {{Coord|7.8|-8.53333|display=inline}}<br/>{{Coord|7.801|-8.536|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Lola.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q949332|Macenta Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870146|Nzérékoré Region]]'' | {{Coord|8.543611|-9.472778|display=inline}} | | [[File:GN-Macenta.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1471203|Nzérékoré Prefecture]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q870146|Nzérékoré Region]]'' | {{Coord|7.75|-8.81667|display=inline}}<br/>{{Coord|7.757|-8.823|display=inline}} | [[File:Nzerekore.jpg|center|128px]] | [[File:Nzérékoré Prefecture.png|center|128px]] |- | ''[[:d:Q141137573|Préfecture de Doko]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q1780649|Siguiri Prefecture]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141137575|Préfecture de Siguirini]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q1780649|Siguiri Prefecture]]'' | | | |- | ''[[:d:Q141137576|Préfecture de Kintinia]]'' | | [[IGini]] | ''[[:d:Q1780649|Siguiri Prefecture]]'' | | | |} {{Wikidata list end}} iqenxqtqemzw0dstine4r2xz6pziysz 2 11157 129800 129416 2026-09-26T12:55:55Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 129800 wikitext text/x-wiki The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q114 Scholia for Kenya] {{Wikidata list |sparql= SELECT ?number_of_authors ?number_of_works ?item (REPLACE(STR(?item), ".*Q", "Q") AS ?qid) (CONCAT( "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "|", ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), "]] / ", "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "/missing|📖]]") AS ?scholia) WITH { SELECT ?item (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors) (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works) WHERE { ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q114 . ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item . ?work wdt:P50 ?author . } GROUP BY ?item } AS %results WHERE { INCLUDE %results SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh". } } ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia |columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing) }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Organization ! Number of authors ! Publications (known/missing) |- | ''[[:d:Q6049130|International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology]]'' | 11 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6049130|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6049130/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1666743|International Livestock Research Institute]]'' | 8 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1666743|15]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1666743/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6392601|Kenya Medical Research Institute]]'' | 8 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6392601|7]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6392601/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q649998|University of Nairobi]]'' | 7 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q649998|61]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q649998/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1362380|World Agroforestry Centre]]'' | 6 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1362380|10]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1362380/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3330879|National Museums of Kenya]]'' | 5 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3330879|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3330879/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q182016|United Nations Environment Programme]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q182016|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q182016/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13122809|Moi University]]'' | 3 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13122809|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13122809/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1702696|Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology]]'' | 3 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1702696|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1702696/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4689656|African Academy of Sciences]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689656|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689656/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30281921|Institute of Primate Research]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30281921|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30281921/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30282239|Kenya Agricultural Research Institute]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282239|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282239/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q46756|Kenyatta University]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q46756|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q46756/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q42309838|Aga Khan University]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q42309838|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q42309838/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1478665|Kenya Wildlife Service]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1478665|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1478665/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4677045|ActionAid Kenya]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4677045|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4677045/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q60520642|Kenya Institute of Management]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q60520642|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q60520642/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6392674|Kenya National Theatre]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6392674|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6392674/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30254279|Kijabe Hospital]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30254279|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30254279/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q487883|United Nations Human Settlements Programme]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q487883|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q487883/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30262004|Nyanza Reproductive Health Society]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262004|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30262004/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4732310|Alliance Girls High School]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4732310|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4732310/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q66573048|Coryndon Museum]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q66573048|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q66573048/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13123010|Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13123010|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13123010/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1665444|The New Humanitarian]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1665444|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1665444/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17110774|Pwani University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17110774|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17110774/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19595548|Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19595548|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19595548/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21022441|Government of Kenya]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q21022441|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q21022441/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24236287|Scott Christian University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q24236287|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q24236287/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q25182829|Ministry of Health]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q25182829|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q25182829/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q27825700|French Institute for Research in Africa]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q27825700|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q27825700/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30266902|Mpala Research Center and Wildlife Foundation]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30266902|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30266902/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30295027|British Institute in Eastern Africa]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30295027|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30295027/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3551629|Maseno University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551629|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3551629/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5243437|Daystar University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5243437|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5243437/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6970049|Nation Media Group]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6970049|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6970049/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q954747|East African Airways]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q954747/missing|📖]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} jx7vzx14e9jk2mm1s96ybws6emy2m4d 2 11167 129809 129421 2026-09-26T17:12:42Z ListeriaBot 10758 Wikidata list updated [V2] 129809 wikitext text/x-wiki The [https://tools.wmflabs.org/scholia/country/Q1033 Scholia for Nigeria] {{Wikidata list |sparql= SELECT ?number_of_authors ?number_of_works ?item (REPLACE(STR(?item), ".*Q", "Q") AS ?qid) (CONCAT( "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "|", ENCODE_FOR_URI(?number_of_works), "]] / ", "[[toolforge:scholia/organization/", ?qid , "/missing|📖]]") AS ?scholia) WITH { SELECT ?item (COUNT(DISTINCT ?author) AS ?number_of_authors) (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?number_of_works) WHERE { ?item wdt:P17 wd:Q1033 . ?author wdt:P108 {{!}} wdt:P463 {{!}} wdt:P1416/wdt:P361* ?item . ?work wdt:P50 ?author . } GROUP BY ?item } AS %results WHERE { INCLUDE %results SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en,da,es,fr,jp,nl,no,ru,sv,zh". } } ORDER BY DESC(?number_of_authors) DESC(?number_of_works) ?item ?qid ?scholia |columns=label:Organization,?number_of_authors:Number of authors,?scholia:Publications (known/missing) }} {| class='wikitable sortable' ! Organization ! Number of authors ! Publications (known/missing) |- | ''[[:d:Q1169487|University of Ibadan]]'' | 43 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1169487|233]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1169487/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1782980|University of Lagos]]'' | 19 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1782980|188]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1782980/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q927304|University of Nigeria]]'' | 14 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q927304|82]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q927304/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q21015871|Nigerian Academy of Science]]'' | 13 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q21015871|16]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q21015871/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3511498|Bayero University, Kano]]'' | 8 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3511498|34]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3511498/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7895546|University of Ilorin]]'' | 8 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895546|19]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895546/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q2008672|Obafemi Awolowo University]]'' | 7 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2008672|30]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q2008672/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q401034|Ahmadu Bello University]]'' | 7 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q401034|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q401034/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6345764|Kaduna State University]]'' | 6 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6345764|14]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6345764/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q65058260|Nigerian Library Association]]'' | 6 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65058260|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65058260/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5103051|University of Port Harcourt]]'' | 5 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5103051|44]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5103051/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3509289|University of Calabar]]'' | 5 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509289|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509289/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1816069|University of Benin]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1816069|13]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1816069/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3509668|University of Maiduguri]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509668|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509668/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1142738|International Institute of Tropical Agriculture]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1142738|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1142738/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140995|Federal Government of Nigeria]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140995|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140995/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1412551|University of Jos]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1412551|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1412551/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3509297|University of Abuja]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509297|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509297/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q50828855|African Continental Free Trade Area]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q50828855/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5581122|Gombe State University]]'' | 4 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5581122|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5581122/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q13140900|Nnamdi Azikiwe University]]'' | 3 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140900|21]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q13140900/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16933611|Nigerian Bar Association]]'' | 3 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16933611|12]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16933611/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q59536624|French Institute for Research in Africa]]'' | 3 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q59536624|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q59536624/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q193272|Economic Community of West African States]]'' | 3 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q193272|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q193272/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6974654|National Open University of Nigeria]]'' | 3 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974654|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974654/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7032918|Nigerian Institute of International Affairs]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032918|11]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032918/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7305700|Redeemer's University]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7305700|10]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7305700/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q104224086|Linguistic Association of Nigeria]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224086|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224086/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3509319|Abia State University, Uturu]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509319|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509319/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6966612|Nasarawa State University]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6966612|9]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6966612/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6974165|National Library of Nigeria]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974165|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6974165/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q104844764|Librarians' Registration Council of Nigeria]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104844764|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104844764/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4689777|African Groundnut Council]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689777|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4689777/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q55394436|KolaDaisi University]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q55394436|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q55394436/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17091804|Nigerian Institute of Management]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17091804|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17091804/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17929225|Ignatius Ajuru University of Education]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17929225|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17929225/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q24254508|Edo State University, Iyamho]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q24254508|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q24254508/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7895014|Ekiti State University]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895014|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895014/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7895022|Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895022|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7895022/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7902729|Usmanu Danfodiyo University]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7902729|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7902729/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q19599670|College of Medicine, University of Ibadan]]'' | 2 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19599670|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q19599670/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16734211|Kwara State University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16734211|71]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16734211/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1951159|Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1951159|27]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1951159/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18207057|Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18207057|21]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18207057/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7984264|West African Pilot]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7984264|18]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7984264/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q131935571|Rivers State College of Education]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q131935571|15]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q131935571/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7338307|Rivers State government]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7338307|15]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7338307/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100947155|Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947155|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947155/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3341382|Nigerian Television Authority]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3341382|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3341382/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5440356|Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440356|8]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440356/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106181847|Daily Trust]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106181847|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106181847/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7988329|Western State]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7988329|6]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7988329/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6344671|Kachifo Limited]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6344671|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6344671/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6797236|Mayflower School]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6797236|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6797236/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q84557195|Polytechnic of Ibadan, Library]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q84557195|5]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q84557195/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20065273|Ibadan Grammar School]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20065273|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20065273/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30260381|Federal University of Kashere]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260381|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260381/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5209383|Daily Times of Nigeria]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5209383|4]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5209383/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108884970|University of Nigeria, Nsukka library]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108884970|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108884970/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q125924402|Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q125924402|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q125924402/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3509369|Supreme Court of Nigeria]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509369|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3509369/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4681526|Adekunle Ajasin University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4681526|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4681526/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5322769|Bingham University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5322769|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5322769/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5440303|Federal Ministry of Health]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440303|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440303/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q653638|Babcock University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q653638|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q653638/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7032755|Niger Delta University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032755|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032755/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7032906|Nigerian Federal Ministry of Information and Communications]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032906|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032906/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q86347000|Anambra State Library Board, central library]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86347000|3]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86347000/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105544769|Kano State Government]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105544769|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105544769/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q107477946|College of Education, Warri]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107477946|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107477946/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17091794|Independent National Electoral Commission]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17091794|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17091794/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q25043045|Lagos State Government]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q25043045|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q25043045/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q3698044|Nigerian Red Cross Society]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3698044|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q3698044/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q65084726|Nigerian Society of Engineers]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65084726|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65084726/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7032895|Nigerian Defence Academy]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032895|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032895/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7885401|Union Bank of Nigeria]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7885401|2]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7885401/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100943604|Ebonyi State University Faculty of Clinical Medicine]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100943604|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100943604/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100945302|Redeemer's University College of Natural Sciences]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100945302|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100945302/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100946962|Federal University of Technology Akure School of Sciences]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100946962|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100946962/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100947288|University of Jos Faculty of Natural Sciences]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947288|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100947288/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q100956041|The Initiative for Equal Rights]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100956041|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q100956041/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q101546378|Niger state government]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q101546378|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q101546378/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q104089551|Delta State University Teaching Hospital]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104089551|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104089551/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q104224094|Jos Linguistic Circle]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224094|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224094/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q104224385|National Institute for Nigerian Languages]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224385|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q104224385/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q105081706|Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105081706|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q105081706/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q106080093|Federal Department of Forest Research]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106080093|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q106080093/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q107478052|Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107478052|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q107478052/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q108885072|Nimbe Adedipe Library]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108885072|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q108885072/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q112252191|Anambra State College of Health Technology, Obosi]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q112252191|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q112252191/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q117836812|University of Africa, Toru-Orua]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117836812|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q117836812/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q121159438|Nigerian Environmental Society]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121159438|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q121159438/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q123035701|Teachers Registration Council of Nigeria]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q123035701|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q123035701/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q133885107|Nigerian Academy of Education]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q133885107|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q133885107/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q134564344|National Institute for Police Studies]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q134564344|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q134564344/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q140794259|Reformed Theological Seminary, Mkar]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q140794259|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q140794259/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q15043613|Prince Abubakar Audu University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15043613|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q15043613/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1671299|Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1671299|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1671299/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16733645|Igbobi College]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733645|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733645/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q16733761|Lead City University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733761|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q16733761/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q1707397|Nigerian Air Force]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1707397|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q1707397/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q17929219|Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17929219|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q17929219/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18354916|Federal University, Birnin Kebbi]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354916|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354916/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q18354935|Federal University Gusau]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354935|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q18354935/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q20990740|Administrative Staff College of Nigeria]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20990740|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q20990740/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q22079989|Mountain Top University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q22079989|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q22079989/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q23019261|Kaduna Polytechnic]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q23019261|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q23019261/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28406142|College of Medicine, Lagos State University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28406142|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28406142/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q28449098|Lagos State University Teaching Hospital]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28449098|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q28449098/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30254204|Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30254204|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30254204/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30260635|Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260635|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30260635/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30267820|African Field Epidemiology Network]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30267820|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30267820/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q30282267|National Veterinary Research Institute]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282267|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q30282267/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4670504|Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4670504|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4670504/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4671154|Academic Staff Union of Universities]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4671154|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4671154/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4741757|Ambrose Alli University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4741757|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4741757/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q4890689|Benue State University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4890689|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q4890689/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5182920|Crawford University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5182920|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5182920/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5440481|Federal University of Lafia]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440481|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440481/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q5440486|Federal University of Technology Akure]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440486|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q5440486/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6378037|Al-Qalam University, Katsina]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6378037|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6378037/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q65951953|Nigerian Young Academy]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65951953|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q65951953/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6728391|Madonna University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6728391|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6728391/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6833225|Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6833225|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6833225/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q6973410|National Hospital Abuja]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6973410|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q6973410/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7032921|Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Asaba]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032921|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032921/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7032926|Nigerian Medical Association]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032926|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7032926/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7060262|Northwest University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7060262|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7060262/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7269950|Queen's College, Lagos]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7269950|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7269950/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7378040|Rufus Giwa Polytechnic]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7378040|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7378040/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7738431|The Guardian]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7738431|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7738431/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q7782222|Theological College of Northern Nigeria]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7782222|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q7782222/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q849611|Lagos State University]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q849611|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q849611/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q86345890|Micheal Okpara University of Agriculture Library]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86345890|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q86345890/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q93945846|Nigerian Union of Journalists]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q93945846|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q93945846/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96394946|National Centre for Women Development]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96394946|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96394946/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q96576558|Classical Association of Nigeria]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96576558|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q96576558/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q97356654|ECWA Theological Seminary]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q97356654|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q97356654/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q98955788|Nigerian Army University Biu]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q98955788|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q98955788/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q99285477|University of Nigeria - Enugu Campus]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99285477|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99285477/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q99298825|Babcock University Benjamin Carson Senior School of Medicine]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298825|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298825/missing|📖]] |- | ''[[:d:Q99298839|Usmanu Danfodiyo University College of Health Sciences]]'' | 1 | [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298839|1]] / [[toolforge:scholia/organization/Q99298839/missing|📖]] |} {{Wikidata list end}} ef29ht3jwyg7xep2u6d96exmule0t0q 5 34270 129819 129423 2026-09-27T09:59:27Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 /* Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Oktobha 2026 */ Reply 129819 wikitext text/x-wiki == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Juni 2026 == Sanibonani, yisiphi isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo enifisa ukuba singene ekhasini elikhulu ngenyaga kaJuni wezi-2026? * [[Intsha yaseNingizimu Afrika]] - sidinga ngentsha jikelele * [[Ubusha]] - sidingida isigaba esandulela ubudala * [[Ukuvukela kweSoweto]] - sidingida izibhelu zowe-1976 * [[Ulwandlekazi]] - sidingida ngezilwandle * [[Imvelo]] - sidingida ngemvelo jikelele * [[Usuku Lwentsha]] Phawula ngezansi ukhethe ofuna sivele. [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 08:05, 27 uNhlaba 2026 (UTC) :* [[Inhlwa yevanga]] :* [[IJalimani]] :* [[IMelika]] :* [[INtshonalanga Kapa]] :[[User:Edwin Ndaba|Edwin Ndaba]] ([[User talk:Edwin Ndaba|talk]]) 18:33, 7 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) :Angicabangi ukuthi amakhasi "Imvelo" ne "Ubusha" afike ezingeni elifanele ukuthi aqhakambisiwe [[User:Edwin Ndaba|Edwin Ndaba]] ([[User talk:Edwin Ndaba|talk]]) 18:37, 7 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) ::Yebo mfowethu, ngicabanga ukuthi ingxoxo ngokuthi isiphihi isibhalwa esizofakwa kufanele siyibamabe ngaphambi kokuqala kwenyanga entsha. Okwamanje angisiboni isidingo sokuwaguqula, kodwa uquisile, kumeele kufakwe afanele. Kodwa kudingeka siwakhethe sisonke. Sesizolungisa lapho sikhetha alandelayo wenyanga kaJulayi. [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 07:35, 8 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) :::Kulungile. :::Nawa amanye amakhasi engifuna ukuwaphakamisa ukuthi siwahlolele ukhetho kaNtulikazi: :::* [[Islam]] :::* [[UbuKristu]] :::* [[UJesu]] :::* [[IKwaZulu-Natali]] :::Ngiwabhala lana ngoba angifuni ukuwakhohlwa. [[User:Edwin Ndaba|Edwin Ndaba]] ([[User talk:Edwin Ndaba|talk]]) 15:18, 8 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) ::::ngicela ufunde umhlahlandlela ophakanyisiwe wokuqoka izibhalwa ezizofakwa lapha [[Wikipedia:Featured article candidates]] ukuze sizohambisana ngombono ofanayo. [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 07:34, 9 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Julayi 2026 == Sanibonani, yisiphi isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo enifisa ukuba singene ekhasini elikhulu ngenyaga kaJulayi wezi-2026? Kudingeka siqoke izilotshwa ezihambisana nemikhankaso yamazwe omhlaba noma kazwelonke, Nazi izilotshwa eziphakayiselwe ukhetho kaNtulikazi: * [[Islam]] * [[UbuKristu]] * [[UJesu]] * [[IKwaZulu-Natali]] * [[Ukhwantalala]] * [[Ukucindezeleka]] * [[Indoda]] [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 13:24, 21 uNhlangulana 2026 (UTC) == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Agasti 2026 == Isikhathi sokuqoka nokukhetha isilotshwa esiqhakanjiswayo sifikile. Enyangeni ka-Agasti phawula ngezansi ngesilotshwa ofuna siqhakanjiswe. Eziqokiwe ezikhona nazi: * [[Isifazane]] * [[Intombazane]] * [[Usuku lwabesifazane]] * [[Owesifazane]] [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 23:23, 16 uNtulikazi 2026 (UTC) == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Septemba 2026 == Isikhathi sokuqoka nokukhetha isilotshwa esiqhakanjiswayo sifikile. Enyangeni kaSeptemba phawula ngezansi ngesilotshwa ofuna siqhakanjiswe. * [[Amasiko]] * [[Ifagugu lesiko]] * [[Isikhumbuzo SeSilo uShaka]] * [[Usuku Lwamagugu]] * [[UMkhosi woMhlanga]] [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 17:12, 23 uNcwaba 2026 (UTC) == Isibhalwa esiqhakanjiswayo - Oktobha 2026 == Isikhathi sokuqoka izilotshwa ezizovela ekhasini elikhulu jgoOktbha, phawula ngezansi ngesilotshwa ocabanga ukuthi siyafaneleka. * [[Intutho]] [[User:Fongcwele|Fongcwele]] ([[User talk:Fongcwele|talk]]) 08:22, 22 uMandulo 2026 (UTC) :Suggestions: :* [[UNokhwezi]] :* [[Indizamkhathi]] :[[User:Mahlathamnyama|Mahlathamnyama]] ([[User talk:Mahlathamnyama|talk]]) 09:59, 27 uMandulo 2026 (UTC) b968hwr4ughrwy1uufua19ztlhcc0nj 0 35546 129810 129796 2026-09-26T18:31:02Z Fongcwele 16873 /* Gqom */ 129810 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umculo wesiZulu''' [[Umculo|ungumculo]] owenziwa ngolimi [[IsiZulu|lwesiZulu]], olukhulunywa uhlanga laseNingizimu Afrika [[AmaZulu|lwamaZulu]], Kodwa abanye abantu nezinye izinhlanga bayawenza lomculo. Iningi labaculi abacula ngesiZulu banengxenye enkulu emculweni [[INingizimu Afrika|waseNingizimu Afrik]], futhi umthelela wabo mkhulu embonini yomculo kulelizwe. Kunezinhlobo zomculo ezisuselwa emculweni wesintu wesiZulu ezaziwayo namuhla eNingizimu Afrika naphesheya. Umculo wesiZulu uyaqhubeka nokuchachaza iminxa eminingi yaseNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulu efana nomculo wehouse, Umculo wesintu, Umculo oswele izinsimbi zomculo, Umculo wamakhwaya, nomculo wokholo. Ngokwesiminya, amanye amaculo adumile eNingizimu Afrika ayeculwa ngolimi lwesiZulu. [[File:Solomon Linda's Original Evening Birds (1941).jpeg|alt=Solomon Linda's Original Evening Birds formed in 1933, pictured in 1941.|center|thumb|422x422px|Iqembu likaSolomon Linda elibizwa 'Original Evening Birds' elasungulwa ngowe-1933, isithombe esowe-1941.]] ==IMbube nesicathamiya== {{main|Mbube (umculo)|Isicathamiya}} [[File:Ladysmith Black Mambazo 2018.jpg|alt=Ladysmith Black Mambazo (2018)|center|thumb|434x434px|[[Ladysmith Black Mambazo]] (2018)]] ''IMbube'' igama leculo, elaphuma ngowe-1940 likhishwa u[[Solomon Linda]], futhi iwumunxa womculo odumile waseNingizimu Afrika owathola ugqozi kuleloculo.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reports |first=Special |author-link=Mail & Guardian |date=7 October 2022 |title=Celebrating the legacy of Solomon Linda and South Africa's indigenous music |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2022-10-07-celebrating-the-legacy-of-solomon-linda-and-south-africas-indigenous-music/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108105443/https://mg.co.za/article/2022-10-07-celebrating-the-legacy-of-solomon-linda-and-south-africas-indigenous-music/ |archive-date=8 January 2024 |access-date=8 January 2024 |work=Mail & Guardian}}</ref> Iculo "IMbube" laqoshwa ngonyaka we-1939 futhi kwaba Iculo ezishisayo ezweni lonke.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ngema |first=Zee |author-link=OkayAfrica |date=10 August 2020 |title=How the Creator of 'The Lion Sleeps Tonight' Finally Got His Due In 'Black Is King' |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/solomon-linda-original-creator-of-the-lion-sleeps-tonight-credited-in-black-is-king-/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105232531/https://www.okayafrica.com/solomon-linda-original-creator-of-the-lion-sleeps-tonight-credited-in-black-is-king-/ |archive-date=5 November 2023 |access-date=8 January 2024 |website=Okay Africa}}</ref> Leli culo laliculwa ngohlobo lomvo wenkambiso yesiZulu, olwafika emnakweni womchazimculo waseMelika uAlan Lomax, owaletha leli culo kumculi wesintu uPete Seeger, weqembu elibizwa The Weavers. Benza leliculo laba seqhulwini eMelika kwayi-15 aphezulu ngowe-1952 (belibizwa "Wimoweh"), nakuba umqambi walo uSolomon Linda engabalwa njengomqambi; kamuva, iqembu elibizwa The Kingston Trio lakhipha uhlelo lwabo laleli culo. Kamuva futhi, iqembu elibizwa The Tokens laguqula leliculo balibizwa ngokuthi "The Lion Sleeps Tonight", futhi labashisa izikhothe eMelika lingelokuqala ezweni lonke.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Malan |first=Rian |author-link=Rolling Stone |date=14 May 2000 |title=In the Jungle: Inside the Long, Hidden Genealogy of 'The Lion Sleeps Tonight' |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/feature/in-the-jungle-inside-the-long-hidden-genealogy-of-the-lion-sleeps-tonight-108274/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817221352/https://www.rollingstone.com/feature/in-the-jungle-inside-the-long-hidden-genealogy-of-the-lion-sleeps-tonight-108274/ |archive-date=17 August 2020 |access-date=8 January 2024 |magazine=Rolling Stone}}</ref> Iqembu laseDurban elibizwa [[Ladysmith Black Mambazo]], elasungulwa nguJoseph Shabalala ngowe-1960, licula ngezinhlobo ezingini ezihlanganisa ''nembube'' exutshwe [[isicathamiya|nesicathamiya]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bambalele |first=Patience |author-link=Sowetan LIVE |date=13 September 2022 |title=KZN town to be renamed after scathamiya pioneer Solomon Linda |url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2022-09-13-kzn-town-to-be-renamed-after-scathamiya-pioneer-solomon-linda/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924021503/https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2022-09-13-kzn-town-to-be-renamed-after-scathamiya-pioneer-solomon-linda/ |archive-date=24 September 2022 |access-date=8 January 2024 |work=Sowetan Live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Pareles |first=Jon |author-link=The New York Times |date=19 October 2016 |title=Music Review {{!}}Ladysmith Black Mambazo |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/19/arts/music/19lady.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712053918/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/19/arts/music/19lady.html |archive-date=12 July 2022 |access-date=8 January 2024 |work=The New York Times}}</ref> == UMbaqanga == UMbaqanga umunxa womculo waseNingizimu Afrika ophekuzisayo owavela ekuqaleni kweshumiminyaka lowe-1960, futhi wawaziwa ngokuthi “ijayive yaselikishini.” Igama lawo, elivela egameni lesidlo sanzuku zonke, [[Iyambazi|okuyisibhaqanga]], liveza iqhaza lawo ngengesidlo esingokwesiko sabantu abansundu basezidlaveleni zaseNingizimu Afrika. Lo iculo wasungula zindaweni zokuphuza utshwala emanxulumeni, ikhakhulu eSophiatown naseSoweto, futhi waba umculo ochachaza ngokushesha kuyo yonke imiculo yabansundu eNingizimu Afrika nasemazweni angomakhelwane. Ngisho nangemva kokukhuphika kweminye iminxa yomculo, [[UMbaqanga]] waqhubeka nokuba nethonya emculweni waseNingizimu Afrika wanamuhla, futhi osaqhubeka nokunika abanye abaculi ugqozi nokunkeneneza emigubuweni yemasiko.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mbaqanga Music Guide: Brief History of Mbaqanga - 2025 |url=https://www.masterclass.com/articles/mbaqanga-music-guide |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=MasterClass |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mbaqanga - South Africa Music Genres |url=https://southafrica.co.za/mbaqanga.html |access-date=2025-06-20 |website=southafrica.co.za}}</ref> ==iKwayito== {{Main|IKwaito}} [[IKwaito|IKwayito]] umunxa womculo owavela eGoli, eNingizimu Afrika phakathi neshumiminyaka lowe-1980s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Steingo |first=Gavin |year=2008 |title=Historicizing Kwaito |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30250016 |journal=University of Rhodes |publisher=International Library of African Music |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=76–91 |jstor=30250016 |access-date=2024-01-08 |archive-date=2024-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202081408/https://www.jstor.org/stable/30250016 |url-status=live }}</ref> Iwumxhantela womculo we-house onesigqi somsindo nezangulo zaseAfrika. Ngokuvamile awugijimi kakhulu njengoba usililiza kunezinye izinhlobo zomculo wehouse, iKwaito ivame ukuqukatha iminkenenezo ebambela kalula nezangulo ezinkintshelayo, imbondlongisi namaphimbo okuhlabelela. Nakuba icishe yefana nomculo wehip hop, iKwaito nendlela ehlukle yokucula izosha, ukuqhwakuza nokuzimemeza. Umkhiqize waseMelika uDiplo wachazisa iKwaito ngokuthi "Umculo we-garage wase-UK osililiziwe," othandwa abantu abasha eNingizimu Afrika.<ref name="VH">{{cite web|url=https://kwaito.com/articles/a-chat-with-black-coffee-kwaito-is-still-around.html|title=A Chat with Black Coffee – Kwaito is Still Around|last=Coffee|first=Black|work=XLR8R|publisher=xlr8r.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080112225817/http://www.xlr8r.com/features/2007/08/new-world-music|archive-date=12 January 2008|url-status=dead|access-date=5 December 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 April 2023 |title=The Best Amapiano Artists You Need To Know |url=https://hipupmusic.com/editorial/the-best-amapiano-artists-you-need-to-know/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407071903/https://hipupmusic.com/editorial/the-best-amapiano-artists-you-need-to-know/ |archive-date=7 April 2023 |website=HipUpMusic}}</ref> Imixhantela yayo ihlanganisa IKwayito yaseDubane neKwayito yangomuso.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-28 |title=Don't Call It Kwaito |url=https://www.redbull.com/za-en/dont-call-it-kwaito |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=Red Bull |language=en}}</ref> == iKasi rap == IKasi rap, noma umqhwakuzo waseKasi, ngokuyinhloko osebenzise isiZulu [[isiXhosa|nesiXhosa]] kusetshenziswa izosha zokuqhwakuza, ezigxila ezingqikithini ezifana nokunqoba izinselele, ezomndeni, nokufuna impilo engcono. ULinda "Pro" Mkhize (owayebizwa Pro Kid) wabamba iqhaza elikhulu kulomunxa. Iqembu le-Driemanskap lavela njengeqembi esiyingayizivele kulomculo, owenziwa abaculi abafana noMaxhoseni, Kanyi, Red Button, Manelisi, SiyaShezi neqembu leDeep Soweto.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-27 |title=Hip-hop in South Africa |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/13929 |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=Music In Africa |language=fr |archive-date=2021-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208210834/https://www.musicinafrica.net/fr/node/13929 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Gqom== {{Main|Gqom}} I[[Gqom]] uhlobo lomculo olwavela kushumiminyaka lekhulu lamas-21 esidlaveleni sase[[Durban]] KwaZulu Natal, [[South Africa|eNingizimu Afrika]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Oliver |first1=Huw |date=22 January 2016 |title=Gqom, the foot-stomping new sound of South Africa's townships |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/jan/22/gqom-house-dance-bhenga-julz-da-deejay |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=11 November 2018 |archive-date=3 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903013416/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/jan/22/gqom-house-dance-bhenga-julz-da-deejay }}</ref> Lomculo unezici isigi sembodlongo ezokocayo ekhiqizwa ngehlelokusebenza elibizwa FL Studio, futhi waba seqhulwini esidlaveleni sase[[London]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 June 2015 |title=What the foq is gqom? |url=http://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/24944/1/what-the-foq-is-gqom |access-date=11 November 2018 |archive-date=2 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402131247/http://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/24944/1/what-the-foq-is-gqom }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=9 August 2016 |title=Gqom—The Sound from the Townships of South Africa |url=http://indie-guides.com/magazine/en/gqom-sound-south-africa-durban-townships/ |access-date=11 November 2018 |archive-date=4 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904072740/http://indie-guides.com/magazine/en/gqom-sound-south-africa-durban-townships/ }}</ref> Igama elithi ''gqom'', kwesinye isikhathi elibhalwa ngokuthi ''qgom'', ''igqom'', ''gqomu'' livela enhlabganiseleni yezenzokuthi zongwaqabathw zesiZulu ezenziwa ukushaya kwesigubhu. Izingcwepheshi zemboni yomculo ezazigqugquzela izinkumbi futhi zithonya abantu ukuba bamukele lomculo, ngokuwubumba nesigqi zihlanganisa umalumkoolkat, nomphathi wenkampani yomculo ebizwa ''Gqom Oh'', uNan Kole,<ref name="auto">{{cite news |last=Weichenrieder |first=Philipp |date=19 April 2016 |title=Gqom-Musik aus Südafrika: Townships calling |url=http://www.taz.de/!5293795/ |newspaper=Die Tageszeitung: Taz |via=www.taz.de |access-date=11 November 2018 |archive-date=28 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028104733/http://www.taz.de/!5293795/ }}</ref> umnikazi wenkampani ebizwa Afrotainment u[[DJ Tira]] oanye nabanye.<ref name="auto" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Gqom: The rise of a subculture |url=https://www.channel24.co.za/Music/News/gqom-the-rise-of-a-subculture-20171126 |access-date=2018-11-11 |archive-date=2018-12-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205041018/https://www.channel24.co.za/Music/News/gqom-the-rise-of-a-subculture-20171126 }}</ref> Abanye abaculi beculo begqomu bahlanganisa uDJ Lag, DJ Bongz, Lord The Dj, MasterT, Dj Noffoh, Dj Nkaa, Rudeboyz, Distruction Boy ne-AudioBoyz.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-01-05 |title=Gqom: A deeper look at South Africa's new generation of house |url=http://www.factmag.com/2016/01/05/gqom-feature/ |access-date=2018-10-27 |work=FACT Magazine: Music News, New Music. |language=en-US |archive-date=2018-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181027143247/http://www.factmag.com/2016/01/05/gqom-feature/ }}</ref> === iGqom trap === Umxhantela weGqom trap, uyingxubano yegqom nezici zomculo wetrap, owavela Ekupheleni kweshumiminyaka lowe-2010 ngocandululo leqembu lehiphop yaseDubane elibizwa Witness The Funk.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Staff Reporter |date=2013-04-12 |title=Durban kwaito uptempo and uptown |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2013-04-12-00-durban-kwaito-uptempo-and-uptown/ |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA |archive-date=2022-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705064051/https://mg.co.za/article/2013-04-12-00-durban-kwaito-uptempo-and-uptown/ }}</ref> ==Amapiyano== {{Main|Amapiano}} [[Amapiano|Amapiyano]], okuyigama lesiZulu eliyibizomfakela, umunxa ongaphansi womculo we-house owavela eNingizimu Afrika maphakathi neshumiminyaka lowe-2010. Lomculo uyingxubano ye-deep house, igqom, ijazz, nomculo we-lounge ophawuleka ngemisingo enkenenezayo nembodlongo.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-08-09 |title=Top amapiano songs of 2019 |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/top-amapiano-songs-2019 |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=Music In Africa |language=en |archive-date=2019-08-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809154153/https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/top-amapiano-songs-2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-04 |title=New age house music: the rise of "amapiano" |url=https://www.prospect.zone/en/new-age-house-music-the-rise-of-amapiano/ |access-date=2024-07-02 |archive-date=2020-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304172733/https://www.prospect.zone/en/new-age-house-music-the-rise-of-amapiano/ }}</ref> Abaculi abayamaniswa nalomculo bahlanganisa uKabza de Small, DJ Sumbody, uMpura, Kamo Mphela benoFocalistic. Amapiano asangula izingxenye zeminye imiculo efana negqom.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Amapiano's Second Wave: How innovations emerge from Black South African culture |url=https://mixmag.net/feature/amapiano-second-wave-black-south-africa-culture-innovation-townships |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=Mixmag |archive-date=2024-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618112246/https://mixmag.net/feature/amapiano-second-wave-black-south-africa-culture-innovation-townships }}</ref> ==Amaphatho== 1a0uskdjgw42nk2p1s6qjnud74aqsfu 2 35548 129802 2026-09-26T14:02:54Z Ujwiki-zu 27379 Created page with "I-8MBets (eyasungulwa ngo-2022), iwuphawu lokuzijabulisa lwedijithali olusekelwe eNepal olunikeza okuhlangenwe nakho kokudlala okusebenzisanayo ku-inthanethi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-11-06|title=8MBets Online Casino Nepal Celebrates Successful 1st Year and Aims to Become the Best Online Casino in Nepal|url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2025/11/06/tmt-newswire/globenewswire/8mbets-online-casino-nepal-celebrates-successful-1st-year-and-aims-to-become-the-best-online-casino-..." 129802 wikitext text/x-wiki I-8MBets (eyasungulwa ngo-2022), iwuphawu lokuzijabulisa lwedijithali olusekelwe eNepal olunikeza okuhlangenwe nakho kokudlala okusebenzisanayo ku-inthanethi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-11-06|title=8MBets Online Casino Nepal Celebrates Successful 1st Year and Aims to Become the Best Online Casino in Nepal|url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2025/11/06/tmt-newswire/globenewswire/8mbets-online-casino-nepal-celebrates-successful-1st-year-and-aims-to-become-the-best-online-casino-in-nepal/2217823|accessdate=2026-09-26|website=The Manila Times|language=en}}</ref> Igxile ekuhlinzekeni ngamathuluzi aqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe avumela abasebenzisi ukufinyelela okuqukethwe kokuzijabulisa ku-inthanethi ngezinhlelo zayo zeselula nezewebhu.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-09-08|title=8MBets: Online Casino Bangladesh Announces a Mobile-First Upgrade Centered on its Casino App and an Expanded Game Lineup for Local Players - European Gaming Industry News|url=https://europeangaming.eu/portal/latest-news/2025/09/08/190979/8mbets-online-casino-bangladesh-announces-a-mobile-first-upgrade-centered-on-its-casino-app-and-an-expanded-game-lineup-for-local-players/|accessdate=2026-09-26|language=en-GB}}</ref> Isebenza njengendawo yokuzijabulisa yeselula yokuqala, ivumela abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe ukuthi bahlanganyele emidlalweni ehlukahlukene esebenzisanayo, futhi bavikele izinhlelo zokukhokha zasendaweni.<ref>{{Cite web|last=jitneydriver|date=2023-08-29|title=8mbets App Review: Official Betting & Casino app in Bangladesh|url=https://jitneybooks.com/8mbets-app-review-official-betting-casino-app-in-bangladesh/|accessdate=2026-09-26|website=The Jitney|language=en-US}}</ref> hlce51dlorgtf6zuhulw8a4ym74v5i2 129804 129802 2026-09-26T14:25:31Z Ujwiki-zu 27379 Blanked the page 129804 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 35549 129805 2026-09-26T14:30:22Z Ujwiki-zu 27379 I-8MBets 129805 wikitext text/x-wiki I-8MBets (eyasungulwa ngo-2022), iwuphawu lokuzijabulisa lwedijithali olusekelwe eNepal olunikeza okuhlangenwe nakho kokudlala okusebenzisanayo ku-inthanethi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-11-06|title=8MBets Online Casino Nepal Celebrates Successful 1st Year and Aims to Become the Best Online Casino in Nepal|url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2025/11/06/tmt-newswire/globenewswire/8mbets-online-casino-nepal-celebrates-successful-1st-year-and-aims-to-become-the-best-online-casino-in-nepal/2217823|accessdate=2026-09-26|website=The Manila Times|language=en}}</ref> Igxile ekuhlinzekeni ngamathuluzi aqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe avumela abasebenzisi ukufinyelela okuqukethwe kokuzijabulisa ku-inthanethi ngezinhlelo zayo zeselula nezewebhu.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-09-08|title=8MBets: Online Casino Bangladesh Announces a Mobile-First Upgrade Centered on its Casino App and an Expanded Game Lineup for Local Players - European Gaming Industry News|url=https://europeangaming.eu/portal/latest-news/2025/09/08/190979/8mbets-online-casino-bangladesh-announces-a-mobile-first-upgrade-centered-on-its-casino-app-and-an-expanded-game-lineup-for-local-players/|accessdate=2026-09-26|language=en-GB}}</ref> Isebenza njengendawo yokuzijabulisa yeselula yokuqala, ivumela abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe ukuthi bahlanganyele emidlalweni ehlukahlukene esebenzisanayo, futhi bavikele izinhlelo zokukhokha zasendaweni.<ref>{{Cite web|last=jitneydriver|date=2023-08-29|title=8mbets App Review: Official Betting & Casino app in Bangladesh|url=https://jitneybooks.com/8mbets-app-review-official-betting-casino-app-in-bangladesh/|accessdate=2026-09-26|website=The Jitney|language=en-US}}</ref> hlce51dlorgtf6zuhulw8a4ym74v5i2 129806 129805 2026-09-26T14:33:45Z Ujwiki-zu 27379 Imithombo 129806 wikitext text/x-wiki I-8MBets (eyasungulwa ngo-2022), iwuphawu lokuzijabulisa lwedijithali olusekelwe eNepal olunikeza okuhlangenwe nakho kokudlala okusebenzisanayo ku-inthanethi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-11-06|title=8MBets Online Casino Nepal Celebrates Successful 1st Year and Aims to Become the Best Online Casino in Nepal|url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2025/11/06/tmt-newswire/globenewswire/8mbets-online-casino-nepal-celebrates-successful-1st-year-and-aims-to-become-the-best-online-casino-in-nepal/2217823|accessdate=2026-09-26|website=The Manila Times|language=en}}</ref> Igxile ekuhlinzekeni ngamathuluzi aqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe avumela abasebenzisi ukufinyelela okuqukethwe kokuzijabulisa ku-inthanethi ngezinhlelo zayo zeselula nezewebhu.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-09-08|title=8MBets: Online Casino Bangladesh Announces a Mobile-First Upgrade Centered on its Casino App and an Expanded Game Lineup for Local Players - European Gaming Industry News|url=https://europeangaming.eu/portal/latest-news/2025/09/08/190979/8mbets-online-casino-bangladesh-announces-a-mobile-first-upgrade-centered-on-its-casino-app-and-an-expanded-game-lineup-for-local-players/|accessdate=2026-09-26|language=en-GB}}</ref> Isebenza njengendawo yokuzijabulisa yeselula yokuqala, ivumela abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe ukuthi bahlanganyele emidlalweni ehlukahlukene esebenzisanayo, futhi bavikele izinhlelo zokukhokha zasendaweni.<ref>{{Cite web|last=jitneydriver|date=2023-08-29|title=8mbets App Review: Official Betting & Casino app in Bangladesh|url=https://jitneybooks.com/8mbets-app-review-official-betting-casino-app-in-bangladesh/|accessdate=2026-09-26|website=The Jitney|language=en-US}}</ref> == Imithombo == o8vaoikwttq9jtr3994ly71qxw87y8g 0 35550 129811 2026-09-26T19:18:11Z Fongcwele 16873 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354895548|Musical bow]]" 129811 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:MusicalBow.gif|thumb|300x300px|Umlisa ongum-Obu udlala isithontolo e-Obubra, esifundazweni Cross River, eNigeria]] ''''''Isithontolo'''''' ('''uluqwabe''' noma '''Umakhweyana''') uyisilekeleli somculo esisetshenziswa abantu abaningi base-Afrika kanye nabantu bomdabu baseMelika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Musical Bow|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/501113|website=metmuseum.org}}</ref> Wenziwa ngenduku ehwexuzayo, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngokhuni, eyimitha elilodwa kuya kwali-10 ubude, futhi iboshelwe entanjeni eqinile, ngokuvamile inkimbi. Singadlalwa ngezandla, utshani noma ngenduku yokhuni noma igatsha. Akucaci ukuthi isithontolo sasungulwa ngomnsalo wokuzingela, yize abaThwa (amaSan namaBushmen) bogwadule laseKalahari beguqula imicibisholo yabo yokuzingela isetshenziswe emculweni.<ref name="Brit">{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/art/African-music#ref519723|title=African music Musical bows|encyclopedia=britannica.com|author=Donald Keith Robotham}}</ref> Izinhlobo zesithontolo zihlanganisa esidlalwa ngomlomo, esidlalwa ngomhlaba, kanye nesithontolo esidlalwa ngeselwa esibizwa '''umakhweyana.'''<ref>Nzewi, Meki and Nzewi, Odyke (2007). ''A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts: Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems, Volume 1: The Root: Foundation'', p. 108. African Minds. {{ISBN|9781920051624}}</ref><ref name="Brit">{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/art/African-music#ref519723|title=African music Musical bows}}</ref> lc3tg7iflgc6a0eit9z84u52rrmmaso 129812 129811 2026-09-26T19:18:55Z Fongcwele 16873 129812 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:MusicalBow.gif|thumb|300x300px|Umlisa ongum-Obu udlala isithontolo e-Obubra, esifundazweni Cross River, eNigeria]] ''''''Isithontolo'''''' ('''uluqwabe''' noma '''Umakhweyana''') uyisilekeleli somculo esisetshenziswa abantu abaningi base-Afrika kanye nabantu bomdabu baseMelika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Musical Bow|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/501113|website=metmuseum.org}}</ref> Wenziwa ngenduku ehwexuzayo, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngokhuni, eyimitha elilodwa kuya kwali-10 ubude, futhi iboshelwe entanjeni eqinile, ngokuvamile inkimbi. Singadlalwa ngezandla, utshani noma ngenduku yokhuni noma igatsha. Akucaci ukuthi isithontolo sasungulwa ngomnsalo wokuzingela, yize abaThwa (amaSan namaBushmen) bogwadule laseKalahari beguqula imicibisholo yabo yokuzingela isetshenziswe emculweni.<ref name="Brit">{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/art/African-music#ref519723|title=African music Musical bows|encyclopedia=britannica.com|author=Donald Keith Robotham}}</ref> Izinhlobo zesithontolo zihlanganisa esidlalwa ngomlomo, esidlalwa ngomhlaba, kanye nesithontolo esidlalwa ngeselwa esibizwa '''umakhweyana.'''<ref>Nzewi, Meki and Nzewi, Odyke (2007). ''A Contemporary Study of Musical Arts: Informed by African Indigenous Knowledge Systems, Volume 1: The Root: Foundation'', p. 108. African Minds. {{ISBN|9781920051624}}</ref><ref name="Brit">{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/art/African-music#ref519723|title=African music Musical bows}}</ref> ==Amaphatho== mngcc1a7adfduxz8kw9zo8xvm5qk1tc 0 35551 129813 2026-09-26T22:57:16Z Thandozee21 25457 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1376583452|Computer Animation Production System]]" 129813 wikitext text/x-wiki I-Computer Animation Production System ('''I-CAPS''') kwakuyiqoqo lobunikazi le-software, amakhamera, ukuskena, ama-server, iziteshi zokusebenza zamakhompyutha ezixhunyiwe , namatafula okusebenza, okwakhiwa yi-UWalt Disney ne-I-Pixar yyisekupheleni kwawo-1980. Yize iphelelwe yisikhathi maphakathi nawo-2000, yaphumelela ekunciphiseni izindleko zomsebenzi we-inki-nopende kanye nezinqubo zaNgemva kokukhiqizwa kwamafilimu angokwesiko akhiqizwa yI-Walt Disney Animation Studios (eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Wart Disney Feature Animation). Iphinde yanikeza i-palette entsha ngokuphelele yamathuluzi e-digital kubenzi bamabhayisikobho. I-Computer Graphics Lab e-I-New York Institute of Technology yasungula uhlelo lwe- "scan and paint" lwe-cel animation ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970. Yayisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza uhlelo lwethelevishini lwemizuzu engu-22 olushukunyiswa yi-computer olubizwa ngokuthi i-Measure for Measure. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni nezinhlelo zama-computer kwaholela UMarc Levoy we-ICornell University kanye ne-Hanna-Barbera Productions ekwakheni uhlelo lwe-video animation lwe-cartoons ekuqaleni kwawo-1980. tgu2wz03ba8ixs0be9iz0g3vezasgho 0 35552 129814 2026-09-27T08:16:45Z Zu-ujWiki 27384 MJ88 129814 wikitext text/x-wiki I-MJ88 (eyasungulwa ngo-2025), iyipulatifomu yokuzijabulisa yedijithali esekwe eNepal. Inikeza imidlalo ye-inthanethi kanye nokuqukethwe okusebenzisanayo okukhonza izilaleli zabantu abadala ukufinyelela ukuzijabulisa okubonakalayo. Le pulatifomu ihlanganisa ukusakazwa kokuqukethwe okubukhoma, amatafula asebenzisanayo, kanye nemidlalo yedijithali, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlanganyele kokuhlangenwe nakho okuhlukahlukene kwe-inthanethi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=iGaming Industry Milestone: MJ88, 8MBets, and NPL11 Deploy Enterprise-Grade Scalability for Online Operators|url=https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/igaming-industry-milestone-mj88-8mbets-and-npl11-deploy-enterprise-grade-scalability-for-online-operators-1036570317|accessdate=2026-09-27|website=markets.businessinsider.com|language=en}}</ref> Banikeza ukuzibandakanya okufanele, ukuphepha komsebenzisi, kanye nokusebenza kwensizakalo okusobala ngaphakathi kobubanzi bezinqubomgomo zemidlalo ye-inthanethi yesifunda.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-11-13|title=MJ88 Online Casino Nepal Announces Exciting New Name Change and Website Update|url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2025/11/13/tmt-newswire/globenewswire/mj88-online-casino-nepal-announces-exciting-new-name-change-and-website-update/2223201|accessdate=2026-09-27|website=The Manila Times|language=en}}</ref> == Imithombo == {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} == Isixhumanisi sangaphandle == {{Official website|https://mj88.co.com/}} 1uthie37et2zpdva8l985ne0nnjbkfd 0 35553 129815 2026-09-27T09:19:36Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375324368|President of the United States]]" 129815 wikitext text/x-wiki '''uMengameli waseMelika''' uyinhloko yezwe kanye nenhloko yegatsha lokuphatha lase[[IMelika|Melika]] futhi ungumkhuzi-jikelele w[[AmaButho aHlomile aseMelika|amabutho ahlomileyo aseMelika]]. == Amandla okoshayamthetho == iSahluko sokuqala, iNgxenye yokuqala yomThethosisekelo unikeza onke amandla okushaya imithetho futhi isahkulo sokuqala, ingxenye sesithupha kanye nesigwebo sesibili sinqanda uMengameli kanye nawonke amalunga wegatsha lokuphatha ukuba ngamalunga esiGungu sikazwelonke. Nakuba kunjalo isiqu sikaMengameli sesimanje sinethonya kwezoshayamthetho. === Ukuphawula imithethosivivinywa === uMengameli unegunya lokunqanda umthethosivivinywa. isiGungu singamehlula uMengameli ngokushaya umthethosivivinywa onqandiwe ngokuwushaya ngamangamabili kwesithathu samavoti wamalungu eSenate kanye nesiNdlini yeziThunywa. Lamandla wayehloswe ukugwema ukhuba wesiGungu ukwandisa amandla ayo ngendlela ezozala umbuso womphoqo weningi. uMkhuzi George Washington, owayengumengameli waseMelika wokuqala, wayekholwa ukuthi uMengameli kufanele asebenzise legunya ngobuchule. Kepha, ngesimanje, uMengameli unomkhuba okunqanda imithethosivivinywa engahambelani nezinhloso noma izinkolomqondo zakhe. Uma umthethosivivinywa ubekwa ngaphambi koMengameli (emuva kokuthi ushayiwe isiGungu), uMengameli unezinkethakalo ezintathu: • Ukuphawula lowomthethosivivinywa ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyishumi (ngaphandle kweSonto) ekuholela ekutheni lowomthethosivivinywa ubengumthetho. • Ukunqanda lowomthethosivivinywa ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyishumi, awubuyise endlini yesiGungu lapho uvele khona, ejobe amaphuzo echaza izizahu zokuba angavumelani nalowomthetho. Lowomthethosivivinywa awubi umthetho ngaphandle kokuthi izindlu ezimbili zesiGungu ziwushaya kabusha ngamabili kwesithathu samavoti. • Engenzi lutho. Uma isiGungu sisahleli, lowomthethosivivinywa uzoba ngumthetho. Kepha uma isiGungu singahlalanga, lowomthethosivivinywa ngeke ube ngumthetho. === Ukuhlela imithetho === Isahluko sesibili, ingxenye yesithathu, isigwebo sesibili siphoqa uMengameli ukuthi ahlongoze lokhu okufunekayo okomthetho. Lokhu angakwenza kokufaka izimpakamiso kwinkulumo yeSethulo sobuNjalo boBumbano. Futhi kukhona ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana nesiGungu ukusasiza ngezimpakamiso zakhe. Ngokuba umthethosisekelo uvumela amalunga esiGungu ukuthi ahlongoze imithetho, uMengameli kufanele asebenze nomunye wamalunga ukuthi imithetho afuna ukuthi ishayiwe ibekwe ngaphambi kwesiGungu. Lokho akunzima ngoba iqembu likaMengameli linamalungu esiGungweni. Futhi, uMengameli angasongela isiGungu ngokunqanda umthetho uma ungachibiyeli umthethosivivinywa ngendlela ayifunayo. === Ukuvumela imiyalo === Imithetho ayinayonke iminingo edingekayo ukuphoqelela umthetho. Kungakho imithetho ivame ukunikeza amandla okushaya imiyalo edingekayo ukuphoqelela imithetho ezimpikweni zegatsha lokuphatha. Ngokuba izimpiko ziyingxenye yegatsha lokuphatha, zingaphansi kweMengameli. uMengameli angayala izimpiko ukuthi zikhiphe imiyalo ehambelana nentando yakhe. Lokho kuvumela uMengameli ukuthi aguqule indlela umthetho uphoqelelwa ngayo. Lokho kungenza ukuthi umthetho uphoqelelwe ngendlela engahlosiwe yisiGungu. === Ukubiza nokuhlakaza isiGungu === Isahluko sesibili, ingxenye yesithathu ivumela uMengameli ukuthi abize isiGungu ukuthi sihlalele inhlangano ekhethekile uma kusehlakalo esiphuthumayo esingahleliwe. uJohn Adams wayenguMengameli wokuqala waseMelika ukukwenza lokhu. Lokhu kugcine ukwenzeka ngoNtulikazi 1948 nguHarry S. Truman. Kodwa akusadingeki ukuthi uMengameli awkenze lokhu ngoba isiGunga sihlala unyaka wonke. Uma iNdlu yeziThunywa kanye neSenate zingavumelani ngesikhathi sokuhlakaza, uMengameli ugunyaziwe ukuzihlakaza. Kodwa, akukaze kwenzeke. == Amandla okuphatha == uMengamli uyinhloko yegatsha lokuphatha. Iqhaza elimqoka lakhe ezombusazwe zaseMelika kungukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithetho iphoqelelwe ngokufanele ezweni. === Amandla ophathahlelo === uMengameli uqoka iziqu zombusazwe isib. Amanxusa, amalunga eKhabhinethi, kanye nezinye izikhundla zidinga ukuvumelwa yiSenate. Ngokuvamile, uMengameli angasusa nasini igosa legatsha lokuphatha. Kodwa, isiGungu singakhawulo amandla weMengameli okuxosha abasebenzi namagosa ngomthetho. uMengameli unegunya lokulawula imisebenzi yezimpiko zegatsha lokuphatha khoshaya imiyalo njengezimemezelo zikamengameli kanye nezimiso zokuphatha. Imiyalo kamengameli ingachithwa yigatsha lobulungiswa uma ingahambelani nemithetho ikakhulu umthethosisekelo. Futhi, isiGungu singachitha imiyalo kaMengameli ngokushaya umthetho. === Ezobudlelwane namazwe === Isahluko sesibili, ingxenye yesithathu, isigwebo sesine sithi uMengameli kufanele amkele amanxusa wamanye amazwe. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi uMengameli unegunya elibanzi kwezobudlelwane namazwe. Unegunya lokwamkela amazwe kanye nokwala ukuzimela kwamazwe athile. Futhi, uMengameli angaxosha inxusa lelizwe elithile. uMengameli uqoka amanxusa eMelika futhi uyena oxoxa imivumelwano namanye amazwe. Imivumelwano iba ingxenye yomthetho waseMelika uma ivunyelwa amabili kwesithathu samalunga eSenate. === Amandla kwezempi === uMengameli ungumkhuzi-jikelele wamabutho ahlomileyo aseMelika. isiGungu sinamandla okomthethosisekelo ukumemeza impi nelinye izwe kepha uMengameli nguyena oqondisa futhi oyala amabutho ahlomileyo. Ngesimanje, uMengameli uvumelwe ukuthi athume amabutho engaphansi kwezinsuku ezingama-60. Imikhankaso engaphezu kwalezizinsuku kufanele ivunyelwe yisiGungu. Kepha iningi lesikhathi uMengameli uthuma amabutho isikhathi esindlula lezinsuku ngoba kufanele kuqhumiswe izinguxazeka ezingakaze zisetshenziswe. IsiGungu siyilona lodwa kwezikhungo zikambusazwe esishaya isabelomali samabutho ahlomileyo. Futhi singashaya imithetho elawulo ukuziphatha kwamabutho. Abaphikisi bathi kunezimpi eziningi lapho uMengameli angagunyazwanga isiGungu: ukuhlaselwa kwePanama nge-1903, iMpi yaseKoriya, iMpi yaseVietnam, ukuhlaselwa kweGrenana nge-1983, kanye nePanama nge-1989. Iningi lokhuzo wezinsuku ngezinsuku wamaButho usezandleni zoMnyango wezokuVikela. uSihlalo weziNduna zabaSebenzi eziHlangene kanye nabaKhuzi bamaJoni ngokwoHlelo loKhuzo oluHlangene basiza ngokhuzo lwezinsuku ngezinsuku. opk2u8ar0u5umdlrzrmw64hp8ufe090 129817 129815 2026-09-27T09:50:46Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 129817 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Seal of the President of the United States.svg|thumb|uPhawu oluKhulu lukaMengameli waseMelika]] '''uMengameli waseMelika''' uyinhloko yezwe kanye nenhloko yegatsha lokuphatha lase[[IMelika|Melika]] futhi ungumkhuzi-jikelele w[[AmaButho aHlomile aseMelika|amabutho ahlomileyo aseMelika]]. == Amandla okoshayamthetho == iSahluko sokuqala, iNgxenye yokuqala yomThethosisekelo unikeza onke amandla okushaya imithetho futhi isahkulo sokuqala, ingxenye sesithupha kanye nesigwebo sesibili sinqanda uMengameli kanye nawonke amalunga wegatsha lokuphatha ukuba ngamalunga esiGungu sikazwelonke. Nakuba kunjalo isiqu sikaMengameli sesimanje sinethonya kwezoshayamthetho. === Ukuphawula imithethosivivinywa === uMengameli unegunya lokunqanda umthethosivivinywa. isiGungu singamehlula uMengameli ngokushaya umthethosivivinywa onqandiwe ngokuwushaya ngamangamabili kwesithathu samavoti wamalungu eSenate kanye nesiNdlini yeziThunywa. Lamandla wayehloswe ukugwema ukhuba wesiGungu ukwandisa amandla ayo ngendlela ezozala umbuso womphoqo weningi. uMkhuzi George Washington, owayengumengameli waseMelika wokuqala, wayekholwa ukuthi uMengameli kufanele asebenzise legunya ngobuchule. Kepha, ngesimanje, uMengameli unomkhuba okunqanda imithethosivivinywa engahambelani nezinhloso noma izinkolomqondo zakhe. Uma umthethosivivinywa ubekwa ngaphambi koMengameli (emuva kokuthi ushayiwe isiGungu), uMengameli unezinkethakalo ezintathu: * Ukuphawula lowomthethosivivinywa ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyishumi (ngaphandle kweSonto) ekuholela ekutheni lowomthethosivivinywa ubengumthetho. * Ukunqanda lowomthethosivivinywa ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyishumi, awubuyise endlini yesiGungu lapho uvele khona, ejobe amaphuzo echaza izizahu zokuba angavumelani nalowomthetho. Lowomthethosivivinywa awubi umthetho ngaphandle kokuthi izindlu ezimbili zesiGungu ziwushaya kabusha ngamabili kwesithathu samavoti. * Engenzi lutho. Uma isiGungu sisahleli, lowomthethosivivinywa uzoba ngumthetho. Kepha uma isiGungu singahlalanga, lowomthethosivivinywa ngeke ube ngumthetho. === Ukuhlela imithetho === Isahluko sesibili, ingxenye yesithathu, isigwebo sesibili siphoqa uMengameli ukuthi ahlongoze lokhu okufunekayo okomthetho. Lokhu angakwenza kokufaka izimpakamiso kwinkulumo yeSethulo sobuNjalo boBumbano. Futhi kukhona ezinye izindlela zokuxhumana nesiGungu ukusasiza ngezimpakamiso zakhe. Ngokuba umthethosisekelo uvumela amalunga esiGungu ukuthi ahlongoze imithetho, uMengameli kufanele asebenze nomunye wamalunga ukuthi imithetho afuna ukuthi ishayiwe ibekwe ngaphambi kwesiGungu. Lokho akunzima ngoba iqembu likaMengameli linamalungu esiGungweni. Futhi, uMengameli angasongela isiGungu ngokunqanda umthetho uma ungachibiyeli umthethosivivinywa ngendlela ayifunayo. === Ukuvumela imiyalo === Imithetho ayinayonke iminingo edingekayo ukuphoqelela umthetho. Kungakho imithetho ivame ukunikeza amandla okushaya imiyalo edingekayo ukuphoqelela imithetho ezimpikweni zegatsha lokuphatha. Ngokuba izimpiko ziyingxenye yegatsha lokuphatha, zingaphansi kweMengameli. uMengameli angayala izimpiko ukuthi zikhiphe imiyalo ehambelana nentando yakhe. Lokho kuvumela uMengameli ukuthi aguqule indlela umthetho uphoqelelwa ngayo. Lokho kungenza ukuthi umthetho uphoqelelwe ngendlela engahlosiwe yisiGungu. === Ukubiza nokuhlakaza isiGungu === Isahluko sesibili, ingxenye yesithathu ivumela uMengameli ukuthi abize isiGungu ukuthi sihlalele inhlangano ekhethekile uma kusehlakalo esiphuthumayo esingahleliwe. uJohn Adams wayenguMengameli wokuqala waseMelika ukukwenza lokhu. Lokhu kugcine ukwenzeka ngoNtulikazi 1948 nguHarry S. Truman. Kodwa akusadingeki ukuthi uMengameli awkenze lokhu ngoba isiGunga sihlala unyaka wonke. Uma iNdlu yeziThunywa kanye neSenate zingavumelani ngesikhathi sokuhlakaza, uMengameli ugunyaziwe ukuzihlakaza. Kodwa, akukaze kwenzeke. == Amandla okuphatha == uMengamli uyinhloko yegatsha lokuphatha. Iqhaza elimqoka lakhe ezombusazwe zaseMelika kungukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithetho iphoqelelwe ngokufanele ezweni. === Amandla ophathahlelo === uMengameli uqoka iziqu zombusazwe isib. Amanxusa, amalunga eKhabhinethi, kanye nezinye izikhundla zidinga ukuvumelwa yiSenate. Ngokuvamile, uMengameli angasusa nasini igosa legatsha lokuphatha. Kodwa, isiGungu singakhawulo amandla weMengameli okuxosha abasebenzi namagosa ngomthetho. uMengameli unegunya lokulawula imisebenzi yezimpiko zegatsha lokuphatha khoshaya imiyalo njengezimemezelo zikamengameli kanye nezimiso zokuphatha. Imiyalo kamengameli ingachithwa yigatsha lobulungiswa uma ingahambelani nemithetho ikakhulu umthethosisekelo. Futhi, isiGungu singachitha imiyalo kaMengameli ngokushaya umthetho. === Ezobudlelwane namazwe === Isahluko sesibili, ingxenye yesithathu, isigwebo sesine sithi uMengameli kufanele amkele amanxusa wamanye amazwe. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi uMengameli unegunya elibanzi kwezobudlelwane namazwe. Unegunya lokwamkela amazwe kanye nokwala ukuzimela kwamazwe athile. Futhi, uMengameli angaxosha inxusa lelizwe elithile. uMengameli uqoka amanxusa eMelika futhi uyena oxoxa imivumelwano namanye amazwe. Imivumelwano iba ingxenye yomthetho waseMelika uma ivunyelwa amabili kwesithathu samalunga eSenate. === Amandla kwezempi === uMengameli ungumkhuzi-jikelele wamabutho ahlomileyo aseMelika. isiGungu sinamandla okomthethosisekelo ukumemeza impi nelinye izwe kepha uMengameli nguyena oqondisa futhi oyala amabutho ahlomileyo. Ngesimanje, uMengameli uvumelwe ukuthi athume amabutho engaphansi kwezinsuku ezingama-60. Imikhankaso engaphezu kwalezizinsuku kufanele ivunyelwe yisiGungu. Kepha iningi lesikhathi uMengameli uthuma amabutho isikhathi esindlula lezinsuku ngoba kufanele kuqhumiswe izinguxazeka ezingakaze zisetshenziswe. IsiGungu siyilona lodwa kwezikhungo zikambusazwe esishaya isabelomali samabutho ahlomileyo. Futhi singashaya imithetho elawulo ukuziphatha kwamabutho. Abaphikisi bathi kunezimpi eziningi lapho uMengameli angagunyazwanga isiGungu: ukuhlaselwa kwePanama nge-1903, iMpi yaseKoriya, iMpi yaseVietnam, ukuhlaselwa kweGrenana nge-1983, kanye nePanama nge-1989. Iningi lokhuzo wezinsuku ngezinsuku wamaButho usezandleni zoMnyango wezokuVikela. uSihlalo weziNduna zabaSebenzi eziHlangene kanye nabaKhuzi bamaJoni ngokwoHlelo loKhuzo oluHlangene basiza ngokhuzo lwezinsuku ngezinsuku. == Amandla kwezobulungiswa == uMengameli unamandla okuphakamisa abehluleli bobumbano (lokhu kubandakanya amalunga izinkantolo zokudluliswa kwamacala zaseMelika kanye neNkantolo ePhakemeyo yaseMelika). Kodwa kufuneka ukuthi iSenate ivumo lezinqoko. uMengameli angaxolela amacala ukuze kususwe isigwebo noma isigwebo singaphoqelelwa. uMengameli angahoxa ekwazisweni emphakathini izinxumaniso eziqondene nqo noMengameli ngenkathi enza umsebenzi obuMengameli. Kodwa, lemvumo ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukugwema ukushushiselwa ezobugebengu isib. uRichard Nixon wayezama ukufihla ubufakazi ngenkathi yehlazo laseWatergate kanye noBill Clinton ngenkathi yehlazo lakaLewinsky. uMengameli kanye negatsha lokuphatha uvumelekile ukuhoxa ulwazi noma imibhalo ekutholakalweni iminqubo yezomthetho uma ukwaziswa emphakathini kwalowolwazi kungalimaza ukuphepha kwezwe. uMnyango wezobuLungiswa unomqubomgomo okungavula amacala kuMengameli ohleli esihlalweni. == Ukhetho lukaMengameli == Ngokwesahluko sesibili, ingxenye yokuqala isigwebo esihlanu soMthethosisekelo, kunemibandela entathu ukuthi umuntu abenguMengameli: * Ukuba isakhamuzi okwenzalo yaseMelika * Ukuba ngakonani iminyaka engama-35 * Ukuhlala eMelika iminyaka eyi-14 Nakuba umuntu efeza lemibandelo, anganqatshwa ukungena esihlalweni uma ethintwa nayinye yalemibandela: * Ukuxoshwa esikhundleni somphakathi * Ukuvukela umbuso * Ukuba esikhundleni kabili Amaqembu amabili wezombusazwe aseMelika abanemikhetho ngaphakathi kuqala ukukhetha umphakanyiswa ozoyimela okhethweni likazwelonke jikelele. Iziphakanyiswa zamaqembu zimenywa empikiswaneni esasazekiswa kumabonakude. Okhethweni kazwelonke, izakhamuzi zikhetha iqembu lombusazwe ukuthi limele isifunda sokhetho ababhaliswe kuso. Ilunga leqembu lombusazwe elithola iningi lamavoti kulesosifunda simela izakhamuzi zalesosifunda eNkomfeni yoKhetho. iNkomfa yoKhetho yiyona ekhetha uMengameli. Isikhathi sesikhundla sikaMengameli siqala ngomhla 20 kaMasingane. Kufanele ukuthi uMengameli enze isifungo sokulondolza iMelika nokugcina imithetho yayo. uMehluleli oyiNduna waseMelika kuvamile ukuthi kube nguye omenzisa isifungo. AboMengameli abaningi babeka isandla sabo eBhayibhelini futhi kujwayelekile ukuthi bajobe "Ngisize Thixo" ekugcineni kwesifungo. k1whq66blqeo8szb4jlk0u6x6i5znyu 0 35554 129816 2026-09-27T09:20:13Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Redirected page to [[UMengameli waseMelika]] 129816 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[uMengameli waseMelika]] eafc24n7lpwq2qknwh90whoe0c8qegr 0 35555 129820 2026-09-27T10:36:29Z Fongcwele 16873 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1373183049|Liliesleaf Farm]]" 129820 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Liliesleaf_hut1.jpg|right|thumb|Igumbi elifulelwe ngotshani ePulazini iLiliesleaf]] '''IPulazi iLiliesleaf,''' ebizwa nangokuthi i-Lilliesleaf, iyindawo esenyakatho [[IGoli (idolobha)|yeGoli]], eNingizimu Afrika, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwayo njengendlu ephephile yabashisekeli [[African National Congress|bakaKhongolose]] (ANC) phakathi neminyaka [[Uhlelo lobandlululo|yobandlululo]] ngawo-1960. Ngowe-1963, amaphoyisa aseNingizimu Afrika ahlasela leli pulazi, abopha abaholi nezishoshosvu ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zakaKhongolose, abaquliswa icala futhi bashushiswa ngesikhathi se-Rivonia Trial. Ngemva kokuphela kobandlululo, indawo yavuselelwa futhi yaphendulwa yaba i[[ISigcinamagugu|sigcinamagugu]] kanye [[Iziza zefagugu kuzwelonke zaseNingizimu Afrika|nesiza sefagugu sikazwelonke]]. Yavalelwa izivakashi ngo-September 2021, kodwa kwakuhlelwe ukuvulwa kabusha ngemva konyaka. == Umlando == Indlu yepulazini itholakala emgwaqeni uGeorge oseRivonia, eyake yaba yindawo ekude esemakhaya, manje eyindawo esemaphandleni ehqele ngamakhilomitha angu-20-26 enyakatho [[IGoli (idolobha)|neGoli]], endaweni yaseSandton. Ngowe-1961, indawo yathengwa ngu-Arthur Goldreich noHarold Wolpe ngezimali ezivela eqenjini lamaKhomanisi laseNingizimu Afrika, ukuze isetshenziswe njengendlu ephephile yababaleki bezombusazwe. UGoldreich wayehlala lapho nomkakhe wangaleso sikhathi uHazel namadodana abo amabili, uNicholas noPaul. Njengoba babe ngabantu abamhlophe baseNingizimu Afrika endaweni egcinelwe abantu abamhlophe, abazange badonsele ukunakwa, futhi banikeza isembozo kuzishoshovu ezinsundu ezimelene nobandlululo.<ref name="munro2021">{{Cite web|last=Munro|first=Kathy|date=14 September 2021|title=Liliesleaf – Making a case for survival|url=https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/liliesleaf-making-case-survival|accessdate=30 July 2023|website=The Heritage Portal}}</ref> Yatholakala ngesikhathi lapho kwakukhona ushintsho ekubhekiseleni nasekwenzeni izinto ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yenkululeko, kusuka ekumelaneni okungaphumeleli kuya ekulweni ngezikhali, lapho kusungulwa [[UMkhonto weSizwe|UMkhonto we Sizwe]] (MK). Ipulazi iLiliesleaf ngokushesha laba yindlunkulu ye-MK.<ref name="grade1">{{Cite web|last=Jackson|first=Clinton|date=12 September 2016|title=Gradings: Site Reference: 9/2/228/0221|url=https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730111405/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306|archive-date=30 July 2023|accessdate=30 July 2023|website=[[SAHRA]]}}</ref> Umholi we-African National Congress [[Nelson Mandela|UNelson Mandela]] wayedinga indawo ephephile yokusebenza kuyo, futhi wayehlala lapho ngaphansi kokuzibonakalisa njengesisebenzi sasemapulazini esibizwa ngokuthi uDavid Motsamayi, okwakuyigama lomunye wamakhasimende akhe angaphambili. Kodwa-ke waboshwa [[IHowick|eHowick]] ngo-Agasti 1962 ngamacala angahlobani (ukukhuthaza izisebenzi ukuba zithathe isiteleka, futhi zihambe eNingizimu Afrika ngaphandle kwemibhalo yokuhamba esebenzayo).<ref name="nmf2008">{{Cite web|date=4 March 2008|title=Passports tell a story – Nelson Mandela Foundation|url=https://www.nelsonmandela.org/news/entry/passports-tell-a-story|accessdate=30 July 2023|website=Nelson Mandela Foundation}}</ref><ref name="meredith2010">{{Cite book |last=Meredith, Martin |date=2010 |title=Mandela : a Biography |url=https://archive.org/details/mandelabiography0000mere |publisher=PublicAffairs |isbn=978-1-58648-832-1 |access-date=30 July 2023 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> Abanye abahlangana ngasese eLiliesleaf babehlanganisa [[Walter Sisulu|UWalter Sisulu]], [[Govan Mbeki|UGovan Mbeki]], U-Ahmed Kathrada, UDenis Goldberg, URaymond Mhlaba, U-Elias Motsoaledi, U-Andrew Mlangeni, UJames Kantor, uRuth First, [[Joe Slovo|UJoe Slovo]], ULionel Bernstein.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What happened at Liliesleaf Farm?|url=http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081225182915/http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php|archive-date=25 December 2008|website=Liliesleaf}}</ref> I-MK yasungula [[UMkhonto weSizwe|Umgidingo O Mayibuye]] (owaziwa ngokuthi umgidingo Mayibuye) kusuka eLiliesleaf.<ref name="grade1" /> Ngo-11 July 1963, amaphoyisa ezokuphepha ahlasela ipulazi futhi abopha amalungu angu-19 omshoshaphansi, kamuva amangalela futhi ashushisa amaningi awo ngokucekela phansi. Amaphoyisa ayezwile ngendawo emithonjeni emibili: uGeorge Mellis, owayehlala eduze eRivonia Caravan Park, waphawula izimoto eziningi zingena futhi ziphuma endaweni yepulazi futhi watshela umndeni wakhe; kanye nomhloli wamaphoyisa eMK. Abashisekeli babehlangana ekamelweni elinotshani futhi bamangazwa ukuhlasela. Kakade base benqume ukuthuthela kwenye indlu ephephile, ngoJulayi 11 kwaba umhlangano wabo wokugcina eLiliesleaf.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Goldberg |first=Denis |author-link=Denis Goldberg |date=2016 |title=A Life for Freedom |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |page=86}}</ref> Amaphoyisa athola amaphepha ngesikhathi sokuhlasela okwabeka uMandela icala, ngakho-ke wamangalelwa futhi waquliswa icala kanye nabanye.<ref name="meredith2010" /> Ukuqulwa kwecala, okwaqala ngo-October 1963 kuya ku-June 1964, kwaphela lapho uMandela nabanye abaholi abavelele, kuhlanganise noSisulu, uGovan Mbeki, uKathrada, uGoldberg, uMhlaba, uMotsoaledi, noMlangeni betholakala benecala futhi bagwetshwa ukudilikelwa ukudileka.<ref name="grade1" /> == Isiza saba isigcinamagugu == Umndeni wakwaSchreider wathenga ipulazi ngemuva kokuhlasela futhi laba yindlu yezivakashi. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuhlangana kwabamangalelwa eNkantolo yaseRivonia eyabanjwa ngo-2001, uNicholas Wolpe (indodana kaHarold Wolpe nomshana kaJames Kantor) wanquma ukusungula i-trust eyayizobusa futhi iphathe indawo futhi isungule umnyuziyamu wezizukulwane ezizayo.<ref name="news24">{{Cite web|last=Steyn|first=Daniel|date=22 June 2022|title=Question mark over future of historic Liliesleaf Farm|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/question-mark-over-future-of-historic-liliesleaf-farm-20220622|accessdate=31 July 2023|website=News24}}</ref> Isigaba sokuqala sokuvuselelwa kwayo saqala ngo-2008. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Liliesleaf Farm|url=https://www.southafrica.net/gl/en/travel/article/liliesleaf-farm|website=South African Tourism}}</ref> Kwakhiwa imibukiso, futhi kwakhiwa ikhefi, kanye nendawo yokuhlala yasebusuku, Isikhungo semihlangano, nezinye izakhiwo ezihlukahlukene. Yaqashelwa [[UHulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika|Uhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika]] (oholwa yi-ANC ngemuva kokukhethwa ngokwentando yeningi ngo-1994) njengempahla yesizwe, ebalulekile kokubili emlandweni we-ANC nasemzabalazweni wokukhululwa kweNingizimu Afrika. Kusukela cishe ngo-2008 R cx-link" data-linkid="73" href="./Department_of_Sports,_Arts_and_Culture" id="mwbQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Department of Sports, Arts and Culture"> UMnyango Wezemidlalo, Ubuciko Namasiko kanye nabanduleli bawo banikeza ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-R 70 zokulondoloza.<ref name="munro2021" /> Ngo-24 November 2014 lamenyezelwa njengesiza se-Grade 1.<ref name="grade1" /> Le siza sakhethwa njengesiza sefagugu Lomhlaba, <ref name="news24" /> njengelinye leqembu elibizwa ngokuthi "Amalungelo Abantu, Ukulwa Kukhululeka Nokubuyisana: Izindawo Zefagugu likaNelson Mandela", ngo-2015.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Centre|first=UNESCO World Heritage|title=Human Rights, Liberation Struggle and Reconciliation: Nelson Mandela Legacy Sites|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6051/|accessdate=31 July 2023|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}</ref> Ngo-2 September 2016 iLiliesleaf yamenyezelwa njengesiza sefagugu kazwelonke ku-South African Government Gazette.<ref name="nhs2016">{{Cite web|last=Njemla|first=Nobukho|date=20 March 2009|title=9/2/228/0221|url=https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/922280221|accessdate=30 July 2023|website=[[SAHRA]]}}</ref><ref name="news24" /> Umnikazi wesiza kwakuyisivivane iLilliesleaf, futhi siphethwe nguNicholas Wolpe,<ref name="news24" /> umsunguli noSikhulu Esigunundayo sesivivanet, kwaze kwaba ngu-2021. Kusuka ngowezi-2008 kuze kube sekuvalweni kwaso ngowezi-2021, ngenkathi yobhubhane lweCOVID-19, the Department of Sports, Arts and Culture provided more than R 70 million for its maintenance.<ref name="munro2021" /> However, the museum closed its doors in September 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a decision made by the CEO without consulting the board. The department said that Wolpe had not used R 8.1 million of a funding grant given to Liliesleaf in 2015, and that they would be taking it over. (Apparently it was supposed to have been spent on capital expenditure, but Wolpe spent it on running costs.<ref name="munro2021" />) On 10 March 2022, the board suspended Wolpe, and the reopening of Liliesleaf was scheduled to take place in September 2022. Sport, Arts and Culture Minister Nathi Mthethwa said that a process had begun towards declaring Liliesleaf Museum "as a cultural institution in accordance with the Cultural Institutions Act". This would enable [[IPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika|Parliament]] to oversee the museum. There was some concern that there was a political motive in using the museum to promote the ANC, but board member Themba Wakashe said that he would not allow this to happen, as it was a site for all South Africans.<ref name="news24" /> == Amalondolondo == Lesi sigcinamagugu sinamalondolondo omlando abalulekile, kufaka phakathi isifaniselo sokuqala se-Freedom Charter, incwadi egunya ukuboshwa kukaMandela, kanye nesibhamu sika-[[Oliver Tambo]].<ref name="news24" /> == Izikhombo == {{Uhlu lwemithombo}} [[Category:Izigcinamagugu]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o64a1ekttxd7qhgdnh7q0wkqjpxd8mo 129821 129820 2026-09-27T11:04:36Z Fongcwele 16873 129821 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Liliesleaf_hut1.jpg|thumb|Igumbi elifulelwe ngotshani ePulazini iLiliesleaf|300x300px]] '''IPulazi iLiliesleaf,''' ebizwa nangokuthi i-Lilliesleaf, iyindawo esenyakatho [[IGoli (idolobha)|yeGoli]], eNingizimu Afrika, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwayo njengendlu ephephile yabashisekeli [[African National Congress|bakaKhongolose]] (ANC) phakathi neminyaka [[Uhlelo lobandlululo|yobandlululo]] ngawo-1960. Ngowe-1963, amaphoyisa aseNingizimu Afrika ahlasela leli pulazi, abopha abaholi nezishoshosvu ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zakaKhongolose, abaquliswa icala futhi bashushiswa ngesikhathi se-Rivonia Trial. Ngemva kokuphela kobandlululo, indawo yavuselelwa futhi yaphendulwa yaba i[[ISigcinamagugu|sigcinamagugu]] kanye [[Iziza zefagugu kuzwelonke zaseNingizimu Afrika|nesiza sefagugu sikazwelonke]]. Yavalelwa izivakashi ngo-September 2021, kodwa kwakuhlelwe ukuvulwa kabusha ngemva konyaka. == Umlando == Indlu yepulazini itholakala emgwaqeni uGeorge oseRivonia, eyake yaba yindawo ekude esemakhaya, manje eyindawo esemaphandleni ehqele ngamakhilomitha angu-20-26 enyakatho [[IGoli (idolobha)|neGoli]], endaweni yaseSandton. Ngowe-1961, indawo yathengwa ngu-Arthur Goldreich noHarold Wolpe ngezimali ezivela eqenjini lamaKhomanisi laseNingizimu Afrika, ukuze isetshenziswe njengendlu ephephile yababaleki bezombusazwe. UGoldreich wayehlala lapho nomkakhe wangaleso sikhathi uHazel namadodana abo amabili, uNicholas noPaul. Njengoba babe ngabantu abamhlophe baseNingizimu Afrika endaweni egcinelwe abantu abamhlophe, abazange badonsele ukunakwa, futhi banikeza isembozo kuzishoshovu ezinsundu ezimelene nobandlululo.<ref name="munro2021">{{Cite web|last=Munro|first=Kathy|date=14 September 2021|title=Liliesleaf – Making a case for survival|url=https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/liliesleaf-making-case-survival|accessdate=30 July 2023|website=The Heritage Portal}}</ref> Yatholakala ngesikhathi lapho kwakukhona ushintsho ekubhekiseleni nasekwenzeni izinto ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yenkululeko, kusuka ekumelaneni okungaphumeleli kuya ekulweni ngezikhali, lapho kusungulwa [[UMkhonto weSizwe|UMkhonto we Sizwe]] (MK). Ipulazi iLiliesleaf ngokushesha laba yindlunkulu ye-MK.<ref name="grade1">{{Cite web|last=Jackson|first=Clinton|date=12 September 2016|title=Gradings: Site Reference: 9/2/228/0221|url=https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730111405/https://sahris.sahra.org.za/node/369306|archive-date=30 July 2023|accessdate=30 July 2023|website=[[SAHRA]]}}</ref> Umholi we-African National Congress [[Nelson Mandela|UNelson Mandela]] wayedinga indawo ephephile yokusebenza kuyo, futhi wayehlala lapho ngaphansi kokuzibonakalisa njengesisebenzi sasemapulazini esibizwa ngokuthi uDavid Motsamayi, okwakuyigama lomunye wamakhasimende akhe angaphambili. Kodwa-ke waboshwa [[IHowick|eHowick]] ngo-Agasti 1962 ngamacala angahlobani (ukukhuthaza izisebenzi ukuba zithathe isiteleka, futhi zihambe eNingizimu Afrika ngaphandle kwemibhalo yokuhamba esebenzayo).<ref name="nmf2008">{{Cite web|date=4 March 2008|title=Passports tell a story – Nelson Mandela Foundation|url=https://www.nelsonmandela.org/news/entry/passports-tell-a-story|accessdate=30 July 2023|website=Nelson Mandela Foundation}}</ref><ref name="meredith2010">{{Cite book |last=Meredith, Martin |date=2010 |title=Mandela : a Biography |url=https://archive.org/details/mandelabiography0000mere |publisher=PublicAffairs |isbn=978-1-58648-832-1 |access-date=30 July 2023 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> Abanye abahlangana ngasese eLiliesleaf babehlanganisa [[Walter Sisulu|UWalter Sisulu]], [[Govan Mbeki|UGovan Mbeki]], U-Ahmed Kathrada, UDenis Goldberg, URaymond Mhlaba, U-Elias Motsoaledi, U-Andrew Mlangeni, UJames Kantor, uRuth First, [[Joe Slovo|UJoe Slovo]], ULionel Bernstein.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What happened at Liliesleaf Farm?|url=http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081225182915/http://liliesleaf.co.za/pb_what_happened.php|archive-date=25 December 2008|website=Liliesleaf}}</ref> I-MK yasungula [[UMkhonto weSizwe|Umgidingo O Mayibuye]] (owaziwa ngokuthi umgidingo Mayibuye) kusuka eLiliesleaf.<ref name="grade1" /> Ngo-11 July 1963, amaphoyisa ezokuphepha ahlasela ipulazi futhi abopha amalungu angu-19 omshoshaphansi, kamuva amangalela futhi ashushisa amaningi awo ngokucekela phansi. Amaphoyisa ayezwile ngendawo emithonjeni emibili: uGeorge Mellis, owayehlala eduze eRivonia Caravan Park, waphawula izimoto eziningi zingena futhi ziphuma endaweni yepulazi futhi watshela umndeni wakhe; kanye nomhloli wamaphoyisa eMK. Abashisekeli babehlangana ekamelweni elinotshani futhi bamangazwa ukuhlasela. Kakade base benqume ukuthuthela kwenye indlu ephephile, ngoJulayi 11 kwaba umhlangano wabo wokugcina eLiliesleaf.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Goldberg |first=Denis |author-link=Denis Goldberg |date=2016 |title=A Life for Freedom |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |page=86}}</ref> Amaphoyisa athola amaphepha ngesikhathi sokuhlasela okwabeka uMandela icala, ngakho-ke wamangalelwa futhi waquliswa icala kanye nabanye.<ref name="meredith2010" /> Ukuqulwa kwecala, okwaqala ngo-October 1963 kuya ku-June 1964, kwaphela lapho uMandela nabanye abaholi abavelele, kuhlanganise noSisulu, uGovan Mbeki, uKathrada, uGoldberg, uMhlaba, uMotsoaledi, noMlangeni betholakala benecala futhi bagwetshwa ukudilikelwa ukudileka.<ref name="grade1" /> == Isiza saba isigcinamagugu == Umndeni wakwaSchreider wathenga ipulazi ngemuva kokuhlasela futhi laba yindlu yezivakashi. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuhlangana kwabamangalelwa eNkantolo yaseRivonia eyabanjwa ngo-2001, uNicholas Wolpe (indodana kaHarold Wolpe nomshana kaJames Kantor) wanquma ukusungula i-trust eyayizobusa futhi iphathe indawo futhi isungule umnyuziyamu wezizukulwane ezizayo.<ref name="news24">{{Cite web|last=Steyn|first=Daniel|date=22 June 2022|title=Question mark over future of historic Liliesleaf Farm|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/question-mark-over-future-of-historic-liliesleaf-farm-20220622|accessdate=31 July 2023|website=News24}}</ref> Isigaba sokuqala sokuvuselelwa kwayo saqala ngo-2008. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Liliesleaf Farm|url=https://www.southafrica.net/gl/en/travel/article/liliesleaf-farm|website=South African Tourism}}</ref> Kwakhiwa imibukiso, futhi kwakhiwa ikhefi, kanye nendawo yokuhlala yasebusuku, Isikhungo semihlangano, nezinye izakhiwo ezihlukahlukene. Yaqashelwa [[UHulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika|Uhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika]] (oholwa yi-ANC ngemuva kokukhethwa ngokwentando yeningi ngo-1994) njengempahla yesizwe, ebalulekile kokubili emlandweni we-ANC nasemzabalazweni wokukhululwa kweNingizimu Afrika. Kusukela cishe ngo-2008 R UMnyango Wezemidlalo, Ubuciko Namasiko kanye nabanduleli bawo banikeza ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-R 70 zokulondoloza.<ref name="munro2021" /> Ngo-24 November 2014 lamenyezelwa njengesiza se-Grade 1.<ref name="grade1" /> Le siza sakhethwa njengesiza sefagugu Lomhlaba, <ref name="news24" /> njengelinye leqembu elibizwa ngokuthi "Amalungelo Abantu, Ukulwa Kukhululeka Nokubuyisana: Izindawo Zefagugu likaNelson Mandela", ngo-2015.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Centre|first=UNESCO World Heritage|title=Human Rights, Liberation Struggle and Reconciliation: Nelson Mandela Legacy Sites|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6051/|accessdate=31 July 2023|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}</ref> Ngo-2 September 2016 iLiliesleaf yamenyezelwa njengesiza sefagugu kazwelonke ku-South African Government Gazette.<ref name="nhs2016">{{Cite web|last=Njemla|first=Nobukho|date=20 March 2009|title=9/2/228/0221|url=https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/922280221|accessdate=30 July 2023|website=[[SAHRA]]}}</ref><ref name="news24" /> Umnikazi wesiza kwakuyisivivane iLilliesleaf, futhi siphethwe nguNicholas Wolpe,<ref name="news24" /> umsunguli noSikhulu Esigunundayo sesivivanet, kwaze kwaba ngu-2021. Kusuka ngowezi-2008 kuze kube sekuvalweni kwaso ngowezi-2021, ngenkathi yobhubhane lweCOVID-19, uMnyango Wezemidlalo, Ubuciko Namasiko wakhipha imali eyizigidi ezingama-70 ukuze inakekelwe.<ref name="munro2021" /> Kodwa, isigcinamagugu savalwa ngoSeptember 2021, okwakuyisinqumo seSikhulu Esigunundayo ngaphandle kokutshela ibhodi. UMnyango wathi uWolpe akayisebenzisanga imali eyizigidi eziyisi-8.1 zamarandi zoxhaso ezazinikwe iLiliesleaf ngowezi-2015, futhi yiwona uzoziphathela izintambo. (Kuthiwa kwakufanele ichithwe ngezindleko zemali, kodwa uWolpe wayichitha ngezindleko zokugununda indawo.<ref name="munro2021" />) Mhla zili-10 March 2022, ibhodi lamisa uWolpe, futhi ukuvulwa kabusha kweLilliiesleaf kwahlelwa ukuthi kzokwenziwa ngoSeptember 2022. UNgqongqoshe woMnyango Wezemidlalo, Ubuciko Namasiko uNathi Mthethwa wathi sekuqalwe umdludlungu wokuphendula iLiliesleaf kube isigcinamagugu "esizoba isikhungo samasiko ngokuvumelana noMthetho Wezikhungo Zamasiko". Lokhu kwakuzovumela ukuba [[IPhalamende laseNingizimu Afrika|iPhalamende]] longamele isigcinamagugu. Kwakunokukhathazeka ngezizathu zezombusazwe zokusebenzisa isigcinamagugu ukuze kuqhakanjiswe uKhongolose, kodwa ilungu leBhodi uThemba Wakashe wathi ngeke akuvumele lokho kwenzeke, njengoba kuzoba isiza sabo bonke abaseNingizimu Afrika.<ref name="news24" /> == Amalondolondo == Lesi sigcinamagugu sinamalondolondo omlando abalulekile, kufaka phakathi isifaniselo sokuqala se-Freedom Charter, incwadi egunya ukuboshwa kukaMandela, kanye nesibhamu sika-[[Oliver Tambo]].<ref name="news24" /> == Izikhombo == {{Uhlu lwemithombo}} [[Category:Izigcinamagugu]] [[Category:Pages with unreviewed translations]] s8lixpu9u3l5zlpjq5e74m3a3fbyq5i 0 35556 129822 2026-09-27T11:13:13Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375586927|Monarchy of the Netherlands]]" 129822 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ubukhosi baseNetherlands''' bungaphansi komthethosisekelo kanye nomqulu wombuso wase[[Netherlands]]. Ithathu lomthethosisekelelo liphathelene ngezinqubo okobudlkalifa, ukukhwela esihlalweni, ukuphuma esihlalweni, umsebenzi neqhaza lobukhosi, izinqubo zokuxhumana ngaphakathi kweZigaba Jikelele nobukhosi kanye neqhaza leNkosi ebuqanjweni kwemithetho. iNkosi iyinhloko yezwe saseNetherlands. == ubuNdlalifa == Ubunmdlalifa bungobenzalo kaWilliam I womuzi waseOrange-Nassau. Indlalifa ikhethwe ngezindlela ezimbili: inzalo okulingana okobulili kanye nokusondelana okwegazi. Nge-1983, iNetherlands imise ukuba inzalo yeNkosi ingaba indlalifa nakuba ingaluphi ubulili. Uma iNkosi noma Indlovukazi inganabantwana, abosondelene ezigabeni ezintathu zegazi bangakhwela esihallweni ngokulandelana okuhlelekile. Ingane kufanelwe izalwe abazali bayo beshadile ukuthi ivumelwe ukuba indlalifa. Uma inkosi ikhothama ingane yayo ingakazalwa ngoba ikhotheme umkayo angakabelethile, leyo ngane ingaba indlalifa uma ingazalwanga ifile. Uma inkosi isayingane, uSibamba uqokwa ukuthi enze umsebenzi wenkosi kufikela inkosi ekuyiyona ibe ngumuntu omdala. Kujwayelekile ukuthi uSibamba abengumzali ophilayo wenkosi. Uma ingekho indlalifa, iziGaba Jikelele zingakhetha namuni na abeyinkosi ngokempakamiso yehulumende. Lempakamiso ingenziwa ngaphambi kokuthi iNKosi ikhothame. Umuntu angakhishwa ebundlalifeni uma eshada ngaphandle kwemvumo yeziGaba Jikelele noma ebonwa engafanelwe ukubusa ngenhlongozo yeNkosi. Lokhu kungenzeka uma indlalifa ivukela umbuso noma ikhaphela izwe. == ukuKhwela isiHlalo == Akuvumelekile ukuthi izwe lingabi nenkosi. Akukhonakali ukuthi uhulumende ubekhona noma usebenze ngaphandle kwenkosi. Kungakho indlalifa ikhwela isihlalo kulomzuzwana inkosi iphuma esihlalweni noma ikhothama. Uma ingekho indlalifa, uMkhandlu weZwe ufeza iqhaza lenkosi kufikela ukukhethwa kweNkosi entsha. Ngokuba kufanele iNkosi ifeze iqhaza yalo ngendlela ezokwenzela izwe okuhle, kufanele ifunge ukulondolza umthethosisekelo nokufeze iqhaza sesiqu sayo ngokuthembekile. iNkosi kufanele ifungiswe ngokushesha emuva kokungena esikhundleni ngaphambi kwenhlangano ehlangene yeziGaba Jikelele zaseNetherlands e-Amsterdam, isiqonga ngokomthetho saseNetherlands. Lokufungiswa kubizwa i-inhuldiging ngesiNetherlands. == ukuPhela kwesikhathi sasesikhundleni == Isikhathi esikhundleni siphela uma inkosi ikhothama noma iziphumela. Ukuziphumela kuyisinqumo esingenziwa inkosi iyodwa kodwa asibuyiseleki. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi uma inkosi ithe izophuma esihlalweni akukhonakali ukuthi ubuyele kamuva esihlalweni. Ophumile esikhundleni uba iNkosana noma iNkosazana yaseNetherlands ngenkathi aphila. Kodwa, makashona, ubizwa iNkosi noma iNdlovukazi. == ukuPhucwa igunya lasebukhosini isikhashana == Inkosi ingazicelela ukuthi ingafezi iqhaza lobukhosi noma ingaphucwa igunya lasebukhosini ngehulumende. Lokhu kungenziwa uma inkosi inesifo, ilahlekile noma idinga ukuphumula. Kodwa, umthetho uthi akufanele ukuthi isikhundla senkosi sishiyiwe sikhamisile isikhathi eside esingadingeki. iziGaba Jikelele kufanele zivume ukuze inkosi iphucwa igunya lasebukhosini isikhashana. Kulezigameko, uSibamba uzoqokwa ukuthi ebusele leyonkosi isikhashana leso. == ubuDlelwane nohulumende == Ngokomthethosisekelo, uhulumende uqukatha iNkosi nabongqongqoshe futhi inkosi ayishushiseki, abongqongqoshe bayaphenduleka. Abongqongqoshe abaphenduleki kwiNkosi; inkosi nabongqongqoshe bamunye. Akuvumelekile ukuthi iNkosi iphikisane emphakathini nabongqongqoshe. Zonke izinqumo zikahulumende zibonwa zivunyelwe yiNkosi. Kanjalo akukhonakali ukuthi iNkosi iyale ukuphawula umthetho oxhaswe yihulumende. Akuvumelekile ukuthi inkosi ivulelwe icala noma ishushiswe mayelana izenzo ezihambelana nokubusa okwasebukhosini. Uma isinqumo sombuso siholele ekubini, iNkosi ayikuphendulela lesosigameko kodwa abongqongqoshe yibona abaphendulekayo. Abongqongqoshe yibona abaphethe ngempela. Ngokuba uhlelo lokhetho lwaseNetherlands luzala imiphumela yokuba kungabikho iqembu lombusazwe elilodwa elithola iningi lezinhlalo kwiziGaba Jikelele, inkosi ineqhaza ekubumnjweni kukahulumende. iNkosi iqoka i-informateur ukuthi iphenye izinhlobo zohlaka amaqembu obumsazwe eziGabeni Jikelele angaqoqwa ngayo ukubumba umfelandawonye ogabusa. Bese iNkosi iqoka iformateur ukuthi liqhube izinxoxo zokubumba umfelandawonye ongabusa. Kunabanye abaphikisayo ukuthi inkosi ingakhetha i-informateur neformateur engakhetha uhulumende ofunwa nguye. Kodwa lokhu kuyasoleka ngokuba amaqembu ombusazwe yiwona avuma ukuthi azimisele ukusebenza nobani ekugcineni. iFormateur ivamile ukuqokwa njengoNdunankulu waseNetherlands. Ngezi-2012, iziGaba Jikelele zikhethe usihlalo weNdlu weziThunywa ukuthi aqoke iformateur neinformateur. == ubuDlewane nesishayamthetho == iNkosi kufanele iphawule yonke imithethosivivinywa elethwa kuyo. Uma uhulumende engahlongozanga ukuthi angawuphawuli umthetho, iNkosi ayivumelekanga ukuthi ingaphawuli umthetho. Iningi lokuphatha kwezinsuku ngezinsuku kungemiyalo yasebukhosini. Lemiyalo kufanele ibe ngaphkathi kwemingcele yomthetho. Lemiyalo yiyona iqinisekisa ukuthi imithehto iyaphoqelelwa futhi ugcwalisa iminingwane eshodayo engalotshwanga emthethweni nqo. Imiyalo yasebukhosini ingaqamba iminyango emisha, ingachitha izindlu zeziGaba Jikelele futhi ingaqoka noma ixoshe abonqongqoshe. Kodwa imiyalo yasebukhosini yenziwa ngabongqongqoshe. Imiyalo yasebukhosini iphawulwa ngungqongqoshe ogunyazwe ukuquma udaba lowo kanye neNkosi. Noma kungakhonakala ukuthi iNkosi ihlongoze imithetho, akukhonakali ukuthi lemithetho ibekwe phambi kweziGaba Jikelele ngaphandle kokuthi imikiswe ungqongqoshe. iNkosi yethula iNkulumo yesiHlalo sasebuKhosini osukwini olubizwa Prinsjesdag eRidderzaal emuva kokufika enqolweni ebuya esigodlweni saseNoordeinde. brs2b6p9lhnibxlfcwj7jyw3mqc6wyj 129823 129822 2026-09-27T11:17:20Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 129823 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Royal coat of arms of the Netherlands.svg|thumb|IsiPhandla sasebuKhosini saseNetherlands]] '''Ubukhosi baseNetherlands''' bungaphansi komthethosisekelo kanye nomqulu wombuso wase[[Netherlands]]. Ithathu lomthethosisekelelo liphathelene ngezinqubo okobudlkalifa, ukukhwela esihlalweni, ukuphuma esihlalweni, umsebenzi neqhaza lobukhosi, izinqubo zokuxhumana ngaphakathi kweZigaba Jikelele nobukhosi kanye neqhaza leNkosi ebuqanjweni kwemithetho. iNkosi iyinhloko yezwe saseNetherlands. == ubuNdlalifa == Ubunmdlalifa bungobenzalo kaWilliam I womuzi waseOrange-Nassau. Indlalifa ikhethwe ngezindlela ezimbili: inzalo okulingana okobulili kanye nokusondelana okwegazi. Nge-1983, iNetherlands imise ukuba inzalo yeNkosi ingaba indlalifa nakuba ingaluphi ubulili. Uma iNkosi noma Indlovukazi inganabantwana, abosondelene ezigabeni ezintathu zegazi bangakhwela esihallweni ngokulandelana okuhlelekile. Ingane kufanelwe izalwe abazali bayo beshadile ukuthi ivumelwe ukuba indlalifa. Uma inkosi ikhothama ingane yayo ingakazalwa ngoba ikhotheme umkayo angakabelethile, leyo ngane ingaba indlalifa uma ingazalwanga ifile. Uma inkosi isayingane, uSibamba uqokwa ukuthi enze umsebenzi wenkosi kufikela inkosi ekuyiyona ibe ngumuntu omdala. Kujwayelekile ukuthi uSibamba abengumzali ophilayo wenkosi. Uma ingekho indlalifa, iziGaba Jikelele zingakhetha namuni na abeyinkosi ngokempakamiso yehulumende. Lempakamiso ingenziwa ngaphambi kokuthi iNKosi ikhothame. Umuntu angakhishwa ebundlalifeni uma eshada ngaphandle kwemvumo yeziGaba Jikelele noma ebonwa engafanelwe ukubusa ngenhlongozo yeNkosi. Lokhu kungenzeka uma indlalifa ivukela umbuso noma ikhaphela izwe. == ukuKhwela isiHlalo == Akuvumelekile ukuthi izwe lingabi nenkosi. Akukhonakali ukuthi uhulumende ubekhona noma usebenze ngaphandle kwenkosi. Kungakho indlalifa ikhwela isihlalo kulomzuzwana inkosi iphuma esihlalweni noma ikhothama. Uma ingekho indlalifa, uMkhandlu weZwe ufeza iqhaza lenkosi kufikela ukukhethwa kweNkosi entsha. Ngokuba kufanele iNkosi ifeze iqhaza yalo ngendlela ezokwenzela izwe okuhle, kufanele ifunge ukulondolza umthethosisekelo nokufeze iqhaza sesiqu sayo ngokuthembekile. iNkosi kufanele ifungiswe ngokushesha emuva kokungena esikhundleni ngaphambi kwenhlangano ehlangene yeziGaba Jikelele zaseNetherlands e-Amsterdam, isiqonga ngokomthetho saseNetherlands. Lokufungiswa kubizwa i-inhuldiging ngesiNetherlands. == ukuPhela kwesikhathi sasesikhundleni == Isikhathi esikhundleni siphela uma inkosi ikhothama noma iziphumela. Ukuziphumela kuyisinqumo esingenziwa inkosi iyodwa kodwa asibuyiseleki. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi uma inkosi ithe izophuma esihlalweni akukhonakali ukuthi ubuyele kamuva esihlalweni. Ophumile esikhundleni uba iNkosana noma iNkosazana yaseNetherlands ngenkathi aphila. Kodwa, makashona, ubizwa iNkosi noma iNdlovukazi. == ukuPhucwa igunya lasebukhosini isikhashana == Inkosi ingazicelela ukuthi ingafezi iqhaza lobukhosi noma ingaphucwa igunya lasebukhosini ngehulumende. Lokhu kungenziwa uma inkosi inesifo, ilahlekile noma idinga ukuphumula. Kodwa, umthetho uthi akufanele ukuthi isikhundla senkosi sishiyiwe sikhamisile isikhathi eside esingadingeki. iziGaba Jikelele kufanele zivume ukuze inkosi iphucwa igunya lasebukhosini isikhashana. Kulezigameko, uSibamba uzoqokwa ukuthi ebusele leyonkosi isikhashana leso. == ubuDlelwane nohulumende == Ngokomthethosisekelo, uhulumende uqukatha iNkosi nabongqongqoshe futhi inkosi ayishushiseki, abongqongqoshe bayaphenduleka. Abongqongqoshe abaphenduleki kwiNkosi; inkosi nabongqongqoshe bamunye. Akuvumelekile ukuthi iNkosi iphikisane emphakathini nabongqongqoshe. Zonke izinqumo zikahulumende zibonwa zivunyelwe yiNkosi. Kanjalo akukhonakali ukuthi iNkosi iyale ukuphawula umthetho oxhaswe yihulumende. Akuvumelekile ukuthi inkosi ivulelwe icala noma ishushiswe mayelana izenzo ezihambelana nokubusa okwasebukhosini. Uma isinqumo sombuso siholele ekubini, iNkosi ayikuphendulela lesosigameko kodwa abongqongqoshe yibona abaphendulekayo. Abongqongqoshe yibona abaphethe ngempela. Ngokuba uhlelo lokhetho lwaseNetherlands luzala imiphumela yokuba kungabikho iqembu lombusazwe elilodwa elithola iningi lezinhlalo kwiziGaba Jikelele, inkosi ineqhaza ekubumnjweni kukahulumende. iNkosi iqoka i-informateur ukuthi iphenye izinhlobo zohlaka amaqembu obumsazwe eziGabeni Jikelele angaqoqwa ngayo ukubumba umfelandawonye ogabusa. Bese iNkosi iqoka iformateur ukuthi liqhube izinxoxo zokubumba umfelandawonye ongabusa. Kunabanye abaphikisayo ukuthi inkosi ingakhetha i-informateur neformateur engakhetha uhulumende ofunwa nguye. Kodwa lokhu kuyasoleka ngokuba amaqembu ombusazwe yiwona avuma ukuthi azimisele ukusebenza nobani ekugcineni. iFormateur ivamile ukuqokwa njengoNdunankulu waseNetherlands. Ngezi-2012, iziGaba Jikelele zikhethe usihlalo weNdlu weziThunywa ukuthi aqoke iformateur neinformateur. == ubuDlewane nesishayamthetho == iNkosi kufanele iphawule yonke imithethosivivinywa elethwa kuyo. Uma uhulumende engahlongozanga ukuthi angawuphawuli umthetho, iNkosi ayivumelekanga ukuthi ingaphawuli umthetho. Iningi lokuphatha kwezinsuku ngezinsuku kungemiyalo yasebukhosini. Lemiyalo kufanele ibe ngaphkathi kwemingcele yomthetho. Lemiyalo yiyona iqinisekisa ukuthi imithehto iyaphoqelelwa futhi ugcwalisa iminingwane eshodayo engalotshwanga emthethweni nqo. Imiyalo yasebukhosini ingaqamba iminyango emisha, ingachitha izindlu zeziGaba Jikelele futhi ingaqoka noma ixoshe abonqongqoshe. Kodwa imiyalo yasebukhosini yenziwa ngabongqongqoshe. Imiyalo yasebukhosini iphawulwa ngungqongqoshe ogunyazwe ukuquma udaba lowo kanye neNkosi. Noma kungakhonakala ukuthi iNkosi ihlongoze imithetho, akukhonakali ukuthi lemithetho ibekwe phambi kweziGaba Jikelele ngaphandle kokuthi imikiswe ungqongqoshe. iNkosi yethula iNkulumo yesiHlalo sasebuKhosini osukwini olubizwa Prinsjesdag eRidderzaal emuva kokufika enqolweni ebuya esigodlweni saseNoordeinde. m8ahpjtvqohaqjuei7w7h0whl01kxbi 129824 129823 2026-09-27T11:19:08Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 /* ubuDlewane nesishayamthetho */ 129824 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Royal coat of arms of the Netherlands.svg|thumb|IsiPhandla sasebuKhosini saseNetherlands]] '''Ubukhosi baseNetherlands''' bungaphansi komthethosisekelo kanye nomqulu wombuso wase[[Netherlands]]. Ithathu lomthethosisekelelo liphathelene ngezinqubo okobudlkalifa, ukukhwela esihlalweni, ukuphuma esihlalweni, umsebenzi neqhaza lobukhosi, izinqubo zokuxhumana ngaphakathi kweZigaba Jikelele nobukhosi kanye neqhaza leNkosi ebuqanjweni kwemithetho. iNkosi iyinhloko yezwe saseNetherlands. == ubuNdlalifa == Ubunmdlalifa bungobenzalo kaWilliam I womuzi waseOrange-Nassau. Indlalifa ikhethwe ngezindlela ezimbili: inzalo okulingana okobulili kanye nokusondelana okwegazi. Nge-1983, iNetherlands imise ukuba inzalo yeNkosi ingaba indlalifa nakuba ingaluphi ubulili. Uma iNkosi noma Indlovukazi inganabantwana, abosondelene ezigabeni ezintathu zegazi bangakhwela esihallweni ngokulandelana okuhlelekile. Ingane kufanelwe izalwe abazali bayo beshadile ukuthi ivumelwe ukuba indlalifa. Uma inkosi ikhothama ingane yayo ingakazalwa ngoba ikhotheme umkayo angakabelethile, leyo ngane ingaba indlalifa uma ingazalwanga ifile. Uma inkosi isayingane, uSibamba uqokwa ukuthi enze umsebenzi wenkosi kufikela inkosi ekuyiyona ibe ngumuntu omdala. Kujwayelekile ukuthi uSibamba abengumzali ophilayo wenkosi. Uma ingekho indlalifa, iziGaba Jikelele zingakhetha namuni na abeyinkosi ngokempakamiso yehulumende. Lempakamiso ingenziwa ngaphambi kokuthi iNKosi ikhothame. Umuntu angakhishwa ebundlalifeni uma eshada ngaphandle kwemvumo yeziGaba Jikelele noma ebonwa engafanelwe ukubusa ngenhlongozo yeNkosi. Lokhu kungenzeka uma indlalifa ivukela umbuso noma ikhaphela izwe. == ukuKhwela isiHlalo == Akuvumelekile ukuthi izwe lingabi nenkosi. Akukhonakali ukuthi uhulumende ubekhona noma usebenze ngaphandle kwenkosi. Kungakho indlalifa ikhwela isihlalo kulomzuzwana inkosi iphuma esihlalweni noma ikhothama. Uma ingekho indlalifa, uMkhandlu weZwe ufeza iqhaza lenkosi kufikela ukukhethwa kweNkosi entsha. Ngokuba kufanele iNkosi ifeze iqhaza yalo ngendlela ezokwenzela izwe okuhle, kufanele ifunge ukulondolza umthethosisekelo nokufeze iqhaza sesiqu sayo ngokuthembekile. iNkosi kufanele ifungiswe ngokushesha emuva kokungena esikhundleni ngaphambi kwenhlangano ehlangene yeziGaba Jikelele zaseNetherlands e-Amsterdam, isiqonga ngokomthetho saseNetherlands. Lokufungiswa kubizwa i-inhuldiging ngesiNetherlands. == ukuPhela kwesikhathi sasesikhundleni == Isikhathi esikhundleni siphela uma inkosi ikhothama noma iziphumela. Ukuziphumela kuyisinqumo esingenziwa inkosi iyodwa kodwa asibuyiseleki. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi uma inkosi ithe izophuma esihlalweni akukhonakali ukuthi ubuyele kamuva esihlalweni. Ophumile esikhundleni uba iNkosana noma iNkosazana yaseNetherlands ngenkathi aphila. Kodwa, makashona, ubizwa iNkosi noma iNdlovukazi. == ukuPhucwa igunya lasebukhosini isikhashana == Inkosi ingazicelela ukuthi ingafezi iqhaza lobukhosi noma ingaphucwa igunya lasebukhosini ngehulumende. Lokhu kungenziwa uma inkosi inesifo, ilahlekile noma idinga ukuphumula. Kodwa, umthetho uthi akufanele ukuthi isikhundla senkosi sishiyiwe sikhamisile isikhathi eside esingadingeki. iziGaba Jikelele kufanele zivume ukuze inkosi iphucwa igunya lasebukhosini isikhashana. Kulezigameko, uSibamba uzoqokwa ukuthi ebusele leyonkosi isikhashana leso. == ubuDlelwane nohulumende == Ngokomthethosisekelo, uhulumende uqukatha iNkosi nabongqongqoshe futhi inkosi ayishushiseki, abongqongqoshe bayaphenduleka. Abongqongqoshe abaphenduleki kwiNkosi; inkosi nabongqongqoshe bamunye. Akuvumelekile ukuthi iNkosi iphikisane emphakathini nabongqongqoshe. Zonke izinqumo zikahulumende zibonwa zivunyelwe yiNkosi. Kanjalo akukhonakali ukuthi iNkosi iyale ukuphawula umthetho oxhaswe yihulumende. Akuvumelekile ukuthi inkosi ivulelwe icala noma ishushiswe mayelana izenzo ezihambelana nokubusa okwasebukhosini. Uma isinqumo sombuso siholele ekubini, iNkosi ayikuphendulela lesosigameko kodwa abongqongqoshe yibona abaphendulekayo. Abongqongqoshe yibona abaphethe ngempela. Ngokuba uhlelo lokhetho lwaseNetherlands luzala imiphumela yokuba kungabikho iqembu lombusazwe elilodwa elithola iningi lezinhlalo kwiziGaba Jikelele, inkosi ineqhaza ekubumnjweni kukahulumende. iNkosi iqoka i-informateur ukuthi iphenye izinhlobo zohlaka amaqembu obumsazwe eziGabeni Jikelele angaqoqwa ngayo ukubumba umfelandawonye ogabusa. Bese iNkosi iqoka iformateur ukuthi liqhube izinxoxo zokubumba umfelandawonye ongabusa. Kunabanye abaphikisayo ukuthi inkosi ingakhetha i-informateur neformateur engakhetha uhulumende ofunwa nguye. Kodwa lokhu kuyasoleka ngokuba amaqembu ombusazwe yiwona avuma ukuthi azimisele ukusebenza nobani ekugcineni. iFormateur ivamile ukuqokwa njengoNdunankulu waseNetherlands. Ngezi-2012, iziGaba Jikelele zikhethe usihlalo weNdlu weziThunywa ukuthi aqoke iformateur neinformateur. == ubuDlelwane nesishayamthetho == iNkosi kufanele iphawule yonke imithethosivivinywa elethwa kuyo. Uma uhulumende engahlongozanga ukuthi angawuphawuli umthetho, iNkosi ayivumelekanga ukuthi ingaphawuli umthetho. Iningi lokuphatha kwezinsuku ngezinsuku kungemiyalo yasebukhosini. Lemiyalo kufanele ibe ngaphkathi kwemingcele yomthetho. Lemiyalo yiyona iqinisekisa ukuthi imithehto iyaphoqelelwa futhi ugcwalisa iminingwane eshodayo engalotshwanga emthethweni nqo. Imiyalo yasebukhosini ingaqamba iminyango emisha, ingachitha izindlu zeziGaba Jikelele futhi ingaqoka noma ixoshe abonqongqoshe. Kodwa imiyalo yasebukhosini yenziwa ngabongqongqoshe. Imiyalo yasebukhosini iphawulwa ngungqongqoshe ogunyazwe ukuquma udaba lowo kanye neNkosi. Noma kungakhonakala ukuthi iNkosi ihlongoze imithetho, akukhonakali ukuthi lemithetho ibekwe phambi kweziGaba Jikelele ngaphandle kokuthi imikiswe ungqongqoshe. iNkosi yethula iNkulumo yesiHlalo sasebuKhosini osukwini olubizwa Prinsjesdag eRidderzaal emuva kokufika enqolweni ebuya esigodlweni saseNoordeinde. frga6zi6q2jtis3kz7c9vpo74vuo2ty 0 35557 129825 2026-09-27T11:19:58Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Redirected page to [[UbuKhosi baseNetherlands]] 129825 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[UbuKhosi baseNetherlands]] 81fa146uudgpxhdyr9zmxvldrss9rkw 0 35558 129826 2026-09-27T11:20:35Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Redirected page to [[UbuKhosi baseNetherlands]] 129826 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[UbuKhosi baseNetherlands]] 81fa146uudgpxhdyr9zmxvldrss9rkw 0 35559 129827 2026-09-27T11:21:35Z Mahlathamnyama 13909 Redirected page to [[Napoleon]] 129827 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Napoleon]] t72dqs1ligyalngo0svbghe2psj4sma