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From Wikipedia
Sino-Indian War Sino-Indian War, border conflict fought between India and China in 1962 over a region of India that had been disputed for nearly 50 years. In 1914, at a meeting in Simla, officials from China, Tibet, and the colonial administration of British India met to define the boundaries between China, Tibet, and India. China refused to recognize Tibet's independence, however, and would not affirm the borders delineated in the Simla agreement. In 1950, following the Communist revolution of 1949, troops of the Chinese army occupied Tibet. While the Indian government had no way to dislodge the Chinese from Tibet, it made a strong statement against the Chinese occupation by providing sanctuary for thousands of Tibetan refugees. In April 1954, however, faced with the Chinese fait accompli in Tibet, India signed an agreement (the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence) with China in which India acquiesced to China's claim to Tibet. The dispute that would lead to war arose over China's construction of a road linking Tibet with the Chines