Sân bay quốc tế Narita

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Narita International Airport
成田国際空港
Narita Kokusai Kūkō

Hình:NRT Logo.png

IATA: NRT - ICAO: RJAA
Tóm tắt
Kiểu sân bay Commercial
Cơ quan điều hành Narita International Airport Corporation (NAA)
Phục vụ Tokyo
Độ cao AMSL 141 ft (43 m)
Tọa độ 35°45′50″N, 140°23′30″E
Đường băng
Hướng Chiều dài Bề mặt
ft m
16R/34L 13.123 4.000 Bê tông
16L/34R 7.152 2.180 Bê tông
Statistics (2004)
Số lượng hành khách 31.057.252
Số lượng hàng hóa 2.373.133 t

Sân bay quốc tế Narita (成田国際空港 Narita Kokusai Kūkō?) (IATA: NRT, ICAO: RJAA) là một sân bay quốc tế tọa lạc tại Narita, Chiba, Nhật Bản, phía Đông của Vùng Đại Tokyo. Narita phục vụ phần lớn các chuyến bay vận chuyển hành khách đến và đi Nhật Bản và cũng là điểm kết nối hàng không chính giữa châu Áchâu Mỹ. Đây là sân bay tấp nập thứ 2 Nhật Bản, là sân bay vận chuyển hàng hóa lớn thứ 2 Nhật Bản, sân bay vận chuyển hàng hóa tấp nập thứ 3 thế giới. Đây là trung tâm hoạt động quốc tế của các hãng hàng không Japan Airlines và All Nippon Airways, và là một trung tâm khu vực châu Á của các hãng Northwest Airlines và United Airlines. Sân bay này được xếp hạng sân bay hạng nhất.

Sân bay này được gọi là Sân bay quốc tế mới Tokyo (tiếng Anh: New Tokyo International Airport' (tiếng Nhật: 新東京国際空港 Shin-Tōkyō Kokusai Kūkō) cho đến năm 2004. Trong khi Tokyo là nguồn cung chính về khách và hàng hóa của sân bay này, sân bay này lại nằm xa trung tâm Tokyo (mất 1h bằng tàu Express) và nằm trong một tỉnh khác. Sân bay quốc tế Tokyo (Sân bay Haneda) nằm ở trong nội thành Tokyo là sân bay bận rộn nhất ở Nhật Bản và là sân bay tấp nập thứ tư thế giới dù nó phục vụ rất ít chuyến bay quốc tế.

Mục lục

[sửa] Lịch sử

Việc xây dựng và mở rộng sân bay này đã dấy lên tranh chấp bạo loạn giữa chính phủ và nhân dân Nhật Bản. Do những tranh chấp này, các sân bay mới khác như ở OsakaNagoya là các sân bay (Kansai và sân bay Chūbu đã được xây ở các đảo lấn biển thay vì xây trong khu dân cư đông đúc.

[sửa] Xây dựng

Năm 1962, chính phủ Nhật Bản đã bắt đầu tiến hành nghiên cứu một phương án mới thay thế sân bay Haneda đang quá tải và đề xuất một "Sân bay quốc tế mới Tokyo" để thay thế Haneda tiếp nhận các chuyến bay quốc tế. Tokyo sau chiến tranh đã phát triển nhanh chóng đã khiến cho vùng Quan Đông thiếu đất bằng phẳng để xây sân bay, do đó nơi được lựa chọn là ở tỉnh Chiba. Đầu tiên, các nhà khảo sát đề xuất đặt sân bay ở làng Tomisato; tuy nhiên, địa điểm đã được dời 5 km phía Đông-Bắc của các làng Sanrizuka và Shibayama, nơi Hoàng Gia có một nông trại. Kế hoạch triển khai đã được công bố năm 1966.

Vào thời gian này, phong trào chủ nghĩa xã hội vẫn có sức mạnh đáng kể ở Nhật Bản, thể hiện qua các cuộc bạo loạn của sinh viên ở Tokyo năm 1960. Ngoài ra, những người dân số ở khu vực được lựa chọn xây sân bay này đã sinh sống ở đây đã lâu và không muốn rời bỏ quê cha đất tổ của mình nên nhiều người Nhật "cánh tả mới" phản đối việc xây dựng sân bay Narita với lý do là mục đích chính của việc xây sân bay này là cung cấp thêm phương tiện cho máy bay quân đội Hoa Kỳ trong trường hợp có chiến tranh với Liên Xô. Cuối thập niên 60 của thế kỷ 20, một nhóm các cư dân địa phương phối hợp với các nhà hoạt động sinh viên và các đảng chính trị cánh tả đã lập nên một nhóm mang tên "Liên hiệp Sanrizuka-Shibayama chống lại sân bay Sanrizuka-Shibayama Union to Oppose the Airport (三里塚・芝山連合空港反対同盟 Sanrizuka-Shibayama Rengo Kūkō Hantai Dōmei?), sử dụng sự phối hợp giữa kêu gọi dân chúng, kiện ra tòa và chiến thuật chiến tranh du kích để ngăn cản chính phủ phát triển dự án.

Eminent domain power had rarely been used in Japan up to that point. Traditionally, the Japanese government would offer to relocate homeowners in regions slated for expropriation, rather than condemn their property and pay compensation as provided by law. In the case of Narita Airport, strangely this type of cooperative expropriation did not occur: some residents went as far as using terror by threatening to burn down new homes of anyone who would voluntarily move out.

Under the 1966 plan, the airport would have been completed in 1971, but due to the ongoing resettlement disputes, not all of the land for the airport was available by then. Finally, in 1971, the Japanese government began forcibly expropriating land. 291 area farmers were arrested and more than 1,000 police and villagers were injured in fights. Some villagers chained themselves to their homes and refused to leave.

Công ty Takenaka Corporation xây tòa nhà ga hàng không đầu tiên hoàn thành năm 1972. Đường băng đầu tiên phải mất nhiều năm sau do các chuyến bay constructed the first terminal building, which was completed in 1972. The first runway took several more years due to constant fights with the Union and sympathizers, who occupied several pieces of land necessary to complete the runway. The runway was completed and the airport scheduled to open on March 30, 1978, but this plan was disrupted when, on March 26, 1978, a group armed with Molotov cocktails drove into the airport in a burning car, broke into the control tower and destroyed much of its equipment. This delayed the opening by another two months, to May 20, 1978.

The guard wall and towers surrounding Narita Airport can be clearly seen from aircraft landing at the airport.
The guard wall and towers surrounding Narita Airport can be clearly seen from aircraft landing at the airport.

Although the airport did open, it opened under a level of security unprecedented in Japan. The airfield was surrounded by opaque metal fencing and overlooked by guard towers staffed with riot police. Passengers arriving at the airport were subject to baggage and travel document searches before even entering the terminal, in an attempt to keep anti-airport activists and terrorists out of the facility.

JAL moved its main international hub from Haneda to Narita, and Northwest and Pan Am also moved their Asian regional hubs from Haneda to Narita. Pan Am sold its Pacific Division, including its Narita hub, to United Airlines in February 1986. ANA began scheduled international flights from Narita to Guam in 1986 and expanded its presence at the airport through the 1990s to become the #2 carrier at the airport after JAL.

[sửa] Mở rộng

Under the original plan, New Tokyo International Airport was to have three runways: two parallel northwest/southeast runways 4,000 m in length and an intersecting northeast/southwest runway 3,200 m in length. Upon the airport's opening in 1978, only one of the parallel runways was completed; the other two runways were delayed to avoid aggravating the already tense situation surrounding the airport. The original plan also called for a high-speed rail line, the Narita Shinkansen, to connect the airport to central Tokyo, but this project was also cancelled with only some of the necessary land obtained.

On November 261986, the airport authority began work on Phase II, a new runway north of the airport's original main runway. To avoid the problems that plagued the first phase, the Minister of Transport promised in 1991 that the expansion would not involve expropriation. Residents in surrounding regions were compensated for the increased noise-pollution with home upgrades and soundproofing, although some farmers who refused to give up their land were forced to keep henhouses close to the threshold of the new runway. This runway opened on April 182002, in time for the World Cup events held in Japan that year. However, its final length of 2,180 m, just over half of its original plan length, leaves it too short to accommodate Boeing 747s. Phase II also involved a second passenger terminal, completed by Takenaka Corporation on December 61992.

Through the end of the 1980s, Narita Airport's train station was located fairly far from the terminal, and passengers faced either a long walk or a bus ride (at an additional charge and subject to random security screenings). Transport Minister Shintaro Ishihara, now governor of Tokyo, pressed airport train operators JR and Keisei Railway to connect their lines directly to the airport's terminals, and opened up the underground station that would have accommodated the Shinkansen for regular train service. Direct train service to Terminal 1 began on March 19 1991, and the old Narita Airport Station was renamed Higashi-Narita Station.

In the late 1980s, the Union constructed two steel towers, 30.8 m (102 ft) and 62.3 m (206 ft) respectively, blocking the northbound approach path to the main runway. In January 1990, the Chiba District Court ordered the towers dismantled without compensation to the Union; the Supreme Court of Japan upheld this verdict as constitutional in 1993.

[sửa] Các vấn đề hiện nay

Tần 3 của Terminal 2
Tần 3 của Terminal 2

On April 1, 2004, New Tokyo International Airport was privatized and officially renamed Narita International Airport, reflecting its popular designation since its opening. Following privatization, the airport has reached record traffic levels, and several construction projects are ongoing.

In addition to the ongoing political disputes, which have lessened in severity over the years, arguments over slots and landing fees have plagued the busy airport. Because so many airlines want to use it, the Japanese aviation authorities have limited the number of flights each airline can operate from this airport, making the airport expensive for both airlines and their passengers.

One of the most constant criticisms of the airport has been its distance from central Tokyo—an hour by the fastest train, and often longer by road due to traffic jams. The distance is even more problematic for residents and businesses in west Tokyo and Kanagawa Prefecture, both of which are much closer to Haneda Airport. The Narita Rapid Railway, scheduled to open in 2010, will alleviate the problem to some extent by shaving 20 minutes off the travel time.

Several gates at Narita are being refitted with double-decker jetbridges to accommodate the Airbus A380. Singapore Airlines plans to offer the first A380 service to Narita in summer 2007. [1]

Although the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport has given Narita a monopoly on international air service to the Tokyo region, that monopoly has been gradually weakening. Haneda has had limited international service for some time, beginning with flights to Taiwan and later replaced by flights to Gimpo Airport in Seoul. Following the construction of Haneda's Runway D in 2009, the government aims to transfer other international services to Haneda in order to relieve Narita's congestion and expansion problems. Various plans have also been proposed for a third Tokyo airport, either located on the Kujukuri Beach in eastern Chiba or on an artificial island in Tokyo Bay. Tokyo Governor Shintaro Ishihara has proposed redeveloping Yokota Air Base in western Tokyo as a civil airport.

[sửa] Các sự kiện nổi tiếng

  • 1985: On 22 June, a piece of luggage exploded while being transferred to an Air India flight, killing two baggage handlers. The luggage had originated at Vancouver International Airport. Fifty-five minutes later, another piece of luggage, also originating from Vancouver, exploded on Air India Flight 182, killing all onboard.
  • 1994: On 11 December, Philippine Airlines Flight 434 was en route from Cebu to Narita when a bomb on board exploded, killing a passenger. The airliner was able to make an emergency landing in Okinawa. Authorities later found out that the bomb was a test run for the Project Bojinka plot, which targeted several U.S. airliners departing Narita on 21 January, 1995 as part of its first phase.
  • 2001: In May, Kim Jong-nam, the son of North Korean President Kim Jong-il, was arrested at New Tokyo International Airport for travelling with a forged passport, and was deported to the People's Republic of China.
  • 2004: On July 13, Bobby Fischer was detained at Narita Airport for allegedly using an invalid U.S. passport while trying to board a Japan Airlines flight to Manila. He left Japan a year later after obtaining asylum in Iceland.
  • November 19, 2006, an Air Canada 767-300 flying from Shanghai to Vancouver suffered severe turbulence, and made an emergency landing at Narita airport. 4 flight attendants were sent to hospital.

[sửa] Các nhà ga và các hãng hàng không

Sân bay Narita có hai nhà ga riêng biệt với một nhà ga xe lửa ngầm. Giữa các nhà ga hàng không là xe bus và xe lửa, không có lối đi dành cho người đi bộ nối hai nhà ga.

[sửa] Nhà ga 1

Khu vực làm thủ tục lên tàu bay, Terminal 1 Cánh Nam
Khu vực làm thủ tục lên tàu bay, Terminal 1 Cánh Nam
Bên ngoài của Terminal 1 với Tòa nhà trung tâm và Cánh Bắc.
Bên ngoài của Terminal 1 với Tòa nhà trung tâm và Cánh Bắc.

Terminal 1 uses a satellite terminal design. The landside of the terminal is divided into a North Wing (kita-uingu), Central Building (chuo-biru), and South Wing (minami-uingu). Two circular satellites, Satellites 1 (gates 11-18) and 2 (gates 21-24), are connected to the North Wing, Satellite 3 (gates 26-38) is a linear concourse connected to the Central Building, and Satellite 4 (gates 41-47) is located at the far end of Satellite 3.

The South Wing and Satellite 5 opened in June 2006 as a terminal for Star Alliance carriers. The South Wing has seven stories, and the first floor contains facilities for domestic flights by ANA. [2] It is the first airport terminal in Japan to offer curbside check-in service and baggage reconnecting facilities for passengers connecting from international to domestic flights. It is also one of the first airport terminals to have unified check-in desks for an airline alliance, separated by class of service rather than by carrier. [3] SkyTeam also plans to unify its operations in Terminal 1 by early 2007.

Check-in is processed on the fourth floor, and departures and immigration control are on the third floor. Arriving passengers clear immigration on the second floor, then claim their baggage and clear customs on the first floor. Most shops and restaurants are located on the fourth floor of the Central Building.

The introduction of the South Wing introduces a duty free mall called "narita nakamise", the largest airport duty-free brand boutique mall in Japan.

  • Aeroméxico (Ciudad de Mexico, Tijuana)
  • Aircalin (Noumea)
  • Air Canada (Toronto-Pearson, Vancouver)
  • Air Central (Nagoya-Centrair, Sendai)
  • Air France (Paris-Charles de Gaulle)
  • Air Japan (Honolulu)
  • Air Tahiti Nui (Papeete)
  • Alitalia (Milan-Malpensa, Rome-Fiumicino)
  • All Nippon Airways (Bangkok, Beijing, Chicago-O'Hare, Dalian, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Hiroshima, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Kaohsiung, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Nagoya-Centrair, New York-JFK, Osaka-Itami, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Qingdao, San Francisco, Sapporo-Chitose, Sendai, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, Shenyang, Singapore, Taipei-Taiwan Taoyuan, Washington-Dulles, Xiamen)
  • Asiana Airlines (Seoul-Incheon)
  • Austrian Airlines (Vienna)
  • British Airways (London-Heathrow)
  • EVA Air (Taipei-Taiwan Taoyuan)
  • Finnair* (Helsinki)
  • Ibex Airlines (Hiroshima, Komatsu, Sapporo-Chitose, Sendai)
  • KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (Amsterdam)
  • Korean Air (Busan, Jeju, Los Angeles, Seoul-Incheon)
  • Lufthansa (Frankfurt, Munich)
  • MIAT Mongolian Airlines (Seoul-Incheon, Ulanbaatar)
  • Northwest Airlines (Bangkok, Busan, Bắc Kinh, Detroit, Guam, Quảng Châu, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Los Angeles, Manila, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Portland (OR), Saipan, San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore)
  • Scandinavian Airlines System (Copenhagen)
  • Shanghai Airlines (Thượng Hải-Pudong)
  • Singapore Airlines (Bangkok, Los Angeles, Singapore)
  • Swiss International Air Lines (Zürich)
  • Thai Airways International (Bangkok, Chiang Mai, Phuket)
  • Turkish Airlines (Istanbul-Atatürk)
  • United Airlines (Bangkok, Chicago-O'Hare, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul-Incheon, Singapore, Taipei-Taiwan Taoyuan, Washington-Dulles)
  • Uzbekistan Airways (Tashkent)
  • Virgin Atlantic (London-Heathrow)

* Will move to Terminal 2 on March 1, 2007

[sửa] Terminal 2

Passport control, Terminal 2
Passport control, Terminal 2
"Shuttle" used to transport passengers to satellite concourses in Terminal 2
"Shuttle" used to transport passengers to satellite concourses in Terminal 2
Aircraft parked at Terminal 2
Aircraft parked at Terminal 2

Terminal 2 is divided into a main building (honkan) and satellite, both of which are designed around linear concourses. The two are connected by a "shuttle," which was designed by Japan Otis Elevator and was the first cable-driven people mover in Japan.

Check-in and departures are on the third floor. Immigration control for arriving passengers is on the second floor, and baggage claim and customs are on the first floor.

For domestic flights, three gates (A65, A66, and A67) in the main building are connected to both the main departures concourse and to a separate domestic check-in facility. Passengers connecting between domestic and international flights must exit the gate area, walk to the other check-in area, and then check in for their connecting flight.

Japan Airlines is currently the main operator in T2; several Oneworld carriers currently in T1 plan to move to T2 in late 2006 so as to ease connections to and from JAL flights pending JAL's formal entry into the alliance.

  • Aeroflot (Moscow-Sheremetyevo)
  • Air China (Beijing, Chengdu, Dalian, Shanghai-Pudong)
  • Air India (Bangkok, Delhi, Mumbai)
  • Air New Zealand (Auckland, Christchurch)
  • Air Niugini (Port Moresby)
  • Air Pacific (Nadi)
  • American Airlines (Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, New York-JFK)
  • Biman Bangladesh Airlines (Bangkok, Dhaka)
  • Cathay Pacific (Hong Kong, Taipei-Taiwan Taoyuan)
    • Dragonair (Hong Kong)
  • China Airlines (Honolulu, Taipei-Taiwan Taoyuan)
  • China Eastern Airlines (Beijing, Shanghai-Pudong, Xi'an)
  • China Southern Airlines (Changchun, Dalian, Guangzhou)
  • Continental Airlines* (Guam, Houston-Intercontinental, Newark)
    • Continental Micronesia* (Guam)
  • Delta Air Lines* (Atlanta)
  • EgyptAir (Cairo)
  • Garuda Indonesia (Denpasar, Jakarta)
  • Iran Air (Beijing, Tehran-Mehrabad)
  • Japan Airlines (Amsterdam, Bangkok, Bắc Kinh, Brisbane, Busan, Chicago -O'Hare, Đại Liên, Delhi, Denpasar, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Guam, Quảng Châu, Hàng Châu, Hà Nội, Hồng Kông, Honolulu, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Jakarta, Kona, Kuala Lumpur, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Ciudad de Mejico, Milan-Malpensa, Moscow-Sheremetyevo, Nagoya-Centrair, New York-JFK, Osaka-Itami, Osaka-Kansai, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Thanh Đảo, Rome-Fiumicino, San Francisco, São Paulo-Guarulhos, Sapporo Chitose, Seoul-Incheon, Thượng Hải-Pudong, Singapore, Sydney, Vancouver, Xi'an, Hạ Môn, Zurich)
    • JALways (Denpasar, Guam, Honolulu, Manila, Kona, Saipan)
    • Japan Asia Airways (Cao Hùng, Đài Trung, Đài Bắc -Taiwan Taoyuan)
    • J-AIR (Nagoya-Komaki)
  • Malaysia Airlines (Kota Kinabalu, Kuala Lumpur)
  • Pakistan International Airlines (Bắc Kinh, Islamabad, Karachi)
  • Philippine Airlines (Cebu, Manila)
  • Qantas (Brisbane, Cairns, Melbourne, Perth, Sydney)
  • SriLankan Airlines (Colombo, Male)
  • Vietnam Airlines (Hà Nội, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh)
  • Xiamen Airlines (Hạ Môn)

* Will move to Terminal 1 in early 2007.

[sửa] Các hãng hàng hóa

  • Air Hong Kong
  • FedEx
  • Lufthansa Cargo
  • Nippon Cargo Airlines
  • Polar Air Cargo
  • Singapore Airlines Cargo
  • United Parcel Service
  • ANA CARGO
  • JAL Cargo

[sửa] Vận chuyển mặt đất

[sửa] đường sắt

The airport was originally planned to be served by the Narita Shinkansen, construction of which was started in 1974, but the same expropriation issues afflicting the airport also hit the new line and the plan was eventually officially abandoned in 1987. Direct train service to the terminal, on ordinary trains using a short spur track from previous right of way, thus only started in 1990, twelve years after the airport opened.

At present, Narita Airport has two rail connections, operated by Keisei Electric Railway and JR. A third line, the Narita Rapid Railway, is currently under construction and scheduled for completion in 2010. Trains to and from Narita stop at Narita Airport Station (成田空港駅 Narita-kūkō-eki) in Terminal 1 and Airport Terminal 2 Station (空港第2ビル駅 Kūkō-daini-biru-eki) in Terminal 2.

[sửa] JR

Narita Express train
Narita Express train

The most expensive train (and one of the fastest) to the airport is the Narita Express. Journey times between the airport and Tokyo Station vary from as little as 53 minutes to 70 minutes depending on the time of departure. The price from the airport to Tokyo station is 3,140 yen in ordinary class.

All Narita Express trains serve Narita Airport Terminal 1, Narita Airport Terminal 2 and Tokyo Station. Some trains also make additional stops between the airport and Tokyo - at Narita or at Chiba Station.

After Tokyo Station (when coming from Narita), some trains split into two - with one part continuing on the Yokosuka Line to Yokohama (90 min.) and Ofuna (110 min.) and the other part taking the Yamanote Line to Shinjuku Station (80 min.), then the Chūō Main Line to Tachikawa (105 min.), Hachioji (115 min.) and Takao (2 hr.), or the Saikyo Line to Omiya (2 hr. 15 min.).

All seating on the Narita Express trains is reserved. The assigned seat number and car number are indicated on the tickets. Tickets can be purchased from agents in the arrivals hall of each terminal and from automatic ticket vending machines.

JR also offers rapid service Kaisoku Airport Narita trains to Tokyo Station, which take 90 minutes but cost less than the Narita Express. These trains stop at several stations on the Narita Line and Sobu Line en route to Tokyo. Most continue on to stops on the Yokosuka Line, going as far as Kurihama Station in Yokosuka.

[sửa] Keisei

Skyliner train
Skyliner train

Keisei's Skyliner limited express travels to Nippori Station in 51 minutes - and Keisei Ueno Station in 56 minutes. The journey between Narita Airport and Nippori has the shortest time of any transportation link between the airport and central Tokyo. However, for travellers whose final destination is in the South of Tokyo or near Tokyo station, it can be quicker to take the Narita Express than to take the Skyliner and then make a connection at Nippori or Ueno. The price of the Skyliner from Narita Airport to Keisei Ueno Station is 1,920 yen.

As with the Narita Express, all seating on Skyliner trains is reserved. Seat allocations are indicated on the tickets, which can be purchased from agents in the airport terminal.

Regular Keisei trains cost about half as much as the Skyliner and are the cheapest rail connection to the airport, although they make many stops, are slow and are often crowded.

Keisei also offers connecting and through service from Narita Airport to Haneda Airport, a cooperative service with the Toei Asakusa Line and Keihin Kyuko Railway. There are between six and eight daily direct trains from Haneda to Narita, taking about two hours, but only one daily direct service from Narita to Haneda (rather inconvenient leaving Narita at either 6:07 or 7:30 in the morning). In other cases, a transfer of trains must take place at a station along the Keisei line. Trains running through to the Asakusa Line make stops at several subway stations in central Tokyo, including Asakusa, Nihombashi and Shinagawa, making them convenient for some travellers.

Airport Rapid Limited (エアポート快特) trains, which make limited stops on the Asakusa and Keikyu lines, are denoted on signboards by an aircraft icon.

Keisei and Shibayama Railway trains also serve Higashi-Narita Station, located between the two terminals, but this station is currently only useful to travellers moving between the airport and neighborhoods convenient to Shibayama Chiyoda Station immediately east of the airport.

[sửa] xe bus

There are regular bus services to regional transport hubs, although these are often slower than the trains because of traffic jams. Many bus companies operate to and from the airport, charging fares from 3,000 yen for central Tokyo to 4,000 yen for outer suburbs. Operators include:

  • Airport Limousine to center-city stations including Tokyo City Air Terminal, Haneda Airport and major hotels
  • Keisei Bus to suburban transport hubs
  • Chiba Kotsu to Saitama, Yamanashi and Fukushima

There is also overnight bus service to Kyoto and Osaka (operated by Chiba Kotsu), which takes about 12 hours and costs 9,000 to 10,000 yen.

[sửa] Taxi

Taxi service is available, although it is usually prohibitively expensive for single travellers because of the great distance from the airport to the city. Fares are based on a zone system; trips to central Tokyo range from 14,000 to 20,000 yen (plus around 1,450 yen for expressway tolls, also late night/early morning surcharges). Shared ride services no longer operate from Narita.

The main road link to Narita Airport is the Higashi-Kanto Expressway, which connects to the Shuto Expressway network at Funabashi, Chiba.

[sửa] Miscellaneous

  • In Japanese, the term "Narita divorce" (成田離婚 Narita rikon?) is often used to refer to divorces that immediately follow after a married couple's honeymoon, this due many married couples go to foreign countries for their honeymoon using Narita. The term was then used as the title of a popular television drama in Japan. [4]
  • Some Japanese internet users have coined the term nariban (ナリバン) parodying Taliban, to refer to those who argue that Narita Airport's main purpose was as an emergency military base. [5]
  • Because of the large volume of foreign fish (especially tuna) imported by air for use in sushi restaurants, Narita Airport is the eighth-largest fishing port in Japan by tonnage.

[sửa] Các liên kết ngoài

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