Корбар:FrancisTyers/Tajik examples

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Мундариҷа

[вироиш] Symbols

[вироиш] Types

  • verb
    • regular / irregular
  • noun
  • adjective
  • adverb
  • preposition
  • pronoun

[вироиш] Symbols

  • izofa
  • number [sg, pl]
  • comparison [comparative, superlative]
  • infinitive
  • indefinite

The Tajik vowels /i/ and /e/ are reversed in Standard Persian.

==Some morphology==

китоб           kitob           book
китобҳо         kitobho         books
китоби          kitobi          bookish [literary]
китобе          kitobe          a book
китобҳое        kitobhoe        [some] books
китобро         kitobro         the book
китобҳоро       kitobhoro       the books
китобҳоеро      kitobhoero      some books
китобу          kitobu          book [and ...]

китобам         kitobam         my book
китобамон       kitobamon       our book
китобат         kitobat         your book
китобатон       kitobaton       your [pl.] book
китобаш         kitobash        his book
китобашон       kitobashon      their book

китобҳоям       kitobhoyam      my books
китобҳоямон     kitobhoyamon    our books
китобҳоят       kitobhoyat      your books
китобҳоятон     kitobhoyaton    your [pl.] books
китобҳояш       kitobhoyash     his books
китобҳояшон     kitobhoyashon   their books

китобамро       kitobamro       my [def] book
китобҳоямро     kitobyamro      my [def] books
китобамонро     kitobamonro     our [def] book
китобҳоямонро   kitobhoyamonro  our [def] books

китобатро       kitobatro       your [def] book
китобҳоятро     kitobhoyatro    your [def] books
китобатонро     kitobatonro     your [pl.] [def] book
китобҳоятонро   kitobhoyatonro  your [pl.] [def] books

китобашро       kitobashro      his [def] book
китобҳояшро     kitobhoyashro   his [def] books
китобашонро     kitobashonro    their [def] book
китобҳояшонро   kitobhoyashonro their [def] books




---

боғ             bogh            orchard
боғот           boghot          orchards

---

атом            atom            atom
атомҳо          atomho          atoms
атоми           atomi           atomic
атоме           atome           an atom
атомҳое         atomhoe [some] atoms
атомро          atomro          the atom
атомҳоро        atomhoro        the atoms
атомҳоеро       atomhoero       some atoms

атомаш          atomash his atom
атоми вай       atomi vay       his atom

---

бача            bacha           child
бачагон         bachagon        children
бачагӣ          bachagi         childhood
бачагона        bachagona       childish [children's]

---

хабар           khabar          news [sg.] (e.g. news item)
ахбор           akhbor          news [pl.]

---


коргаранд       korgarand       they are workers (lit. korgar [workers] and [they are])
коргару         korgaru         ? -у is used when you join another thing додару хоҳар - brother and    
                                sister. Коргару муаллим - ٌa worker and a teacher. У - and used 
                                sometimes in oral speech not so often

сафед           safed           white
сафедтар        safedtar        whiter
сафедтарин      safedtarin      whitest

Нағз            naghz           good
Нағзтар         naghztar        better
Нағзтарин       naghzarin       best

китоби вай      kitobi vay      his book

"Notable exceptions where Cyrillic writes compounds as separate words and Perso-Arabic 
usually combines them, are: ин ҷо ('here' -- 'this place'), он ҷо ('there', 'that place'),
and in the use of the preposition ba 'to, at'. In Cyrillic this is always written 
separately; in Perso-Arabic it may always be separately (with vocalic 'h'), but is 
usually joined to shotrer and more common nominals (e.g., pronouns or parts of a 
PP): ба он ҷо ('[to] there')." (Perry, 2005)

==Some vocabulary==

Дӯстии халқҳо - Friendship of peoples

==Notes==

==Samples==

Anvar kitobashro ba Fransis dod
Anvar gave his book to Francis
Як [1], Ду [2], Се [3], Чаhор [4] or Чор , Панҷ [5], Шаш [6], ҳафт [7] etc



Man meravam, Tu meravi, Vay meravad, Onho meravand
I go you go he goes etc


Man talaba hastam. Tu talaba hasti? Vay talaba hast. Mo talaba hastem. Onho talaba hastand. Shumo Talaba hasted
I am a pupil
talaba - pupil
Man kitob doram. Tu kitob dori. Vay kitob dorad, Mo kitob dorem, Onho kitob dorand, Shumo kitob dored.

so "is" would be "hast"

"man kitob doram" = "i have book"

doshtan - have

raftan - go, 
doshtan - have, 
omadan - come, 
khurdan - eat, 
davidan - run, 
zadan - beat 

bozi kardan - to play


kardan - do
olim
it is also a name
Olim is my friend
Olim dusti man meboshad

-------

(09:37:16) jahongard: for the present time, we use me at the begining
(09:37:19) jahongard: meravam
(09:37:30) jahongard: actually there are two forms
(09:37:53) jahongard: meravam & biravam
(09:38:09) jahongard: man meravam is like "I go"
(09:38:32) jahongard: "agar man biravam" is like "If I go"

so go - raftan

man ravam
tu ravi
vay rav

Man raftam - i went   - ам
Tu rafti              - и
Vay raft       
Mo raftem             - ем
Shumo rafted          - ед
Onho raftand           - анд

zadan ( zadi, zadand, zad, zaden 

man meravam - 
tu meravi -
u (vay) meravad - 
mo meravem - 
shumo meraved - 
eshon (onho) meravand

spectei: so would you say that if a word is found in several forms
spectei: e.g. -and, -am -ed
spectei: it is a verb ?
jahongard: yes

x+"анд" & x+"ам" & x+"ед"

jahongard: istod is verb means stand up   [past root]     ist [present root]
jahongard: kard is verb means "do"        [past root]
jahongard: kash is a verb means "pull"    [present root]
jahongard: daryoft is a verb              [past root]

jahongard: past roots of regular verbs end with id

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