مستخدم:Chaos/قائمة

من ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة

This is a list of topics in logic.

فهرست

[تحرير] Alphabetical list

[تحرير] A

Abacus logic -- Abduction (logic) -- Abductive validation -- Affine logic -- Affirming the antecedent --Affirming the consequent -- Antecedent -- Antinomy -- Argument form -- Aristotelian logic -- Axiom -- Axiomatic system -- Axiomatization

[تحرير] B

Backward chaining -- Barcan formula -- Biconditional elimination -- Biconditional introduction -- Bivalence and related laws -- Boolean algebra -- Boolean logic

[تحرير] C

Categorical logic -- Categorial logic -- Clocked logic --Cointerpretability --College logic -- Combinatorial logic -- Combinatory logic -- Computability logic -- Conditional -- Conditional proof -- Conjunction elimination --Conjunction introduction -- Conjunctive normal form -- Consequent --Contradiction -- Contrapositive -- Control logic -- Converse (logic) -- Converse Barcan formula -- Cotolerance -- Counterfactual conditional -- Curry's paradox

[تحرير] D

De Morgan's laws -- Deduction theorem -- Deductive reasoning -- Degree of truth -- Denying the antecedent --Disjunction elimination -- Disjunction introduction -- Disjunctive normal form -- Disjunctive syllogism -- Double negative -- Double negative elimination

[تحرير] E

Elimination rule -- End term -- Exclusive nor -- Exclusive or -- Existential fallacy -- Existential quantification

[تحرير] F

Fallacy of distribution -- Fallacy of the four terms -- First-order predicate - First-order predicate calculus - First-order resolution -- Fluidic logic -- Forward chaining -- Free variables and bound variables -- Fuzzy logic

[تحرير] G

Game semantics

[تحرير] H

Heyting algebra -- Higher-order predicate -- Horn clause -- Hypothetical syllogism

[تحرير] I

Iff -- Illicit major -- Illicit minor -- Implicant -- Inductive logic -- Inductive logic programming -- Inference procedure -- Inference rule -- Infinitary logic -- Informal logic -- Intensional statement --Interpretability -- Interpretability logic -- Introduction rule --Intuitionistic linear logic -- Intuitionistic logic -- Invalid proof -- Inverse (logic)

[تحرير] J

Johnston diagram

[تحرير] K

Karnaugh map

[تحرير] L

Law of excluded middle -- Law of non-contradiction -- Laws of logic -- Laws of Form -- Linear logic -- Logic -- Logic gate -- Logical argument -- Logical assertion -- Logical biconditional -- Logical conditional --Logical conjunction -- Logical disjunction -- Logical equivalence -- Logical fallacy -- Logical language -- Logical nand -- Logical nor -- Logical operator -- Logicism -- Logic programming

[تحرير] M

Major premise -- Major term -- Mathematical logic -- Mereology -- Metalogic -- Middle term -- Minor premise -- Modal logic -- Modus ponens -- Modus tollens -- Multi-valued logic

[تحرير] N

Naive set theory -- Natural deduction -- Necessary and sufficient -- Negation -- Non-Aristotelian logic -- Nonfirstorderizability -- Non-monotonic logic -- Non sequitur (logic)

[تحرير] O

Open sentence -- Ordered logic

[تحرير] P

Paraconsistent logics -- Paradox -- Pierce's law -- Plural quantification --Polish notation -- Polysyllogism --Predicate -- Principia Mathematica -- Principle of bivalence -- Proof theory -- Proposition -- Propositional calculus -- Provability logic

[تحرير] Q

Quantification -- Quantum logic -- Quod erat demonstrandum


[تحرير] R

Reductio ad absurdum -- Relevant logic -- Rule of inference

[تحرير] S

Satisfiability -- Scholastic logic -- Second-order predicate -- Self-reference -- Sequent -- Sequent calculus -- Sequential logic -- Singular term -- Soundness -- Square of opposition -- Strict conditional -- Strict implication -- Strict logic -- Structural rule -- Sufficient condition -- Syllogism -- Syllogistic fallacy

[تحرير] T

Tautology -- Temporal logic -- Term -- Term logic -- Ternary logic -- Theorem -- Tolerance -- Trilemma --Truth -- Truth condition -- Truth function -- Truth value -- Type theory

[تحرير] U

Unification -- Universal quantification -- Uniqueness quantification

[تحرير] V

Vacuous truth -- Validity -- Venn diagram

[تحرير] Famous logicians

See also: list of logicians

  • George Boole
  • Abraham Robinson
  • Gerhard Gentzen
  • Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer
  • Haskell Curry
  • Gottlob Frege
  • Alonzo Church
  • Jacques Herbrand
  • Dana Scott
  • John Barkley Rosser
  • Gerhard Gentzen
  • Jean-Yves Girard
  • David Hilbert
  • Kurt Gödel
  • William Lawvere
  • William Stanley Jevons
  • Stephen Cole Kleene
  • Alfred Tarski
  • Thoralf Skolem
  • Saharon Shelah
  • Jan Łukasiewicz
  • Giuseppe Peano
  • Charles Peirce
  • W.V. Quine
  • Frank P. Ramsey
  • Bertrand Russell
  • Alfred North Whitehead

[تحرير] Sets

  • Set
    • Element (mathematics)
    • Venn diagram
    • Empty set
    • Subset
    • Union (set theory)
      • Disjoint union
    • Intersection (set theory)
      • Disjoint sets
    • Complement (set theory)
    • Symmetric difference
  • Ordered pair
  • Cartesian product
  • Power set
  • Simple theorems in the algebra of sets
  • Naive set theory
  • Multiset

[تحرير] Functions

  • Function
  • How to specify a function
  • Domain of a function
  • Codomain
  • Range of a function
  • Image (mathematics)
  • Injective function
  • Surjection
  • Bijection
  • Function composition
  • Partial function
  • Multivalued function
  • Binary function
  • Floor function
  • Sign function
  • Inclusion map

[تحرير] Operations

  • Binary operator
  • Associativity
  • Commutativity
  • Distributivity

[تحرير] Arithmetic

  • Decimal
  • Binary numeral system
  • Divisor
  • Division by zero
  • Indeterminate form
  • Empty product
  • Euclidean algorithm
  • Fundamental theorem of arithmetic
  • Modular arithmetic
  • Successor function

[تحرير] Elementary algebra

  • Left-hand side and right-hand side of an equation
  • Linear equation
  • Quadratic equation
  • Solution point
  • Arithmetic progression
  • Recurrence relation
  • Finite difference
  • Difference operator

[تحرير] Mathematical relations

  • Binary relation
  • Mathematical relation
  • Reflexive relation
  • Reflexive property of equality
  • Symmetric relation
  • Symmetric property of equality
  • Antisymmetric relation
  • Transitivity (mathematics)
    • Transitive closure
    • Transitive property of equality
  • Equivalence and identity
    • Equivalence relation
    • Equivalence class
    • Equality (mathematics)
      • Inequation
      • Inequality
    • Similarity (mathematics)
    • Congruence (geometry)
    • Equation
    • Identity
      • Identity element
      • Identity function
    • Substitution property of equality
    • Graphing equivalence
    • Extensionality
    • Uniqueness quantification

[تحرير] Mathematical phraseology

  • If and only if (iff)
  • Necessary and sufficient
    • Sufficient condition
  • Distinct
  • Difference
  • Absolute value
  • Up to
  • Modulo
  • Characterization (mathematics)
  • Normal form
  • Canonical form
  • Without loss of generality
  • Vacuous truth
  • Contradiction, Reductio ad absurdum
  • Counterexample
  • Sufficiently large
  • Pons Asinorum
  • Table of mathematical symbols

[تحرير] Combinatorics

  • Permutations and combinations
  • Permutation
  • Combination
  • Factorial
    • Empty product
  • Pascal's triangle

[تحرير] Probability

  • Average
  • Expectation
  • Discrete random variable

[تحرير] Propositional logic

  • Logical operator
  • Truth table
  • De Morgan's laws
  • Open sentence
  • List of topics in logic

[تحرير] Mathematical disciplines

For further reading in discrete mathematics, beyond a basic level, see these pages. Many of these disciplines are closely related to computer science.

  • Automata theory
  • Combinatorics
  • Combinatorial geometry
  • Computational geometry
  • Discrete geometry
  • Graph theory
  • Mathematical logic
  • Combinatorial optimization
  • Set theory
  • Combinatorial topology