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Chagan nuclear test, 1965. The text above the image says in Russian: "Semipalatinsk nuclear range".
Two sources from 1995 (Richard Rhodes, Dark Sun and David Holloway, Stalin and the Bomb) have mistakenly labeled this picture as being of the first Soviet atomic bomb, "Joe-1". It is, however, clearly a plowshares shot, and looks very little like other confirmed pictures of "Joe-1".
Source: http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Russia/Chagan1.jpg
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This file is in the public domain in Russia. It was published before January 1st, 1954, and the creator (if known) died before that date (For veterans of the Great Patriotic War, the critical date is January 1st, 1950). Works belonging to the former Soviet government or other Soviet legal entities published before January 1st, 1954, are also public domain in Russia. (This is the effect of the retroactive Russian copyright law of 1993 and the copyright term extension from 50 to 70 years in 2004.) |
A Russian or Soviet work that is in the public domain in Russia according to this rule is in the public domain in the U.S. only if it was in the public domain in Russia in 1996, e.g. if it was published before 1946 (1942 for WWII veterans) and the creator died before that year, and no copyright was registered in the U.S. (This is the combined effect of the retroactive Russian copyright law of 1993, Russia's joining the Berne Convention in 1995, and of 17 USC 104A with its critical date of January 1, 1996.) |
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