Kerisauan

From Wikipedia

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Kerisauan Kerisauan adalah reaksi normal kepada tekanan atau bahaya, tetapi perasaan cemas dan kekhuatiran yang berturut-turut mungkin disebabkan disorder kebimbangan. Gangguan kerisauan boleh membuat hidup sengsara. Kebanyakan disorder kebimbangan dapat dirawat dengan kejayaan, biasanya melalui bantuan campuran dari counselling dan ubat-ubat.

Gangguan kerisauan sangat umum, dengan satu dalam 10 orang mengalami sakitan ini pada suatu masa dalam hidup mereka.

Jadual isi kandungan

[Sunting] Gejala-gejala

Kebimbangan boleh menjejaskan berlainan orang dengan berlainan cara:

  • Kesusahan bertidur
  • Debaran jantung yang sangat cepat
  • Bergetaran, kepeningan
  • Kesusahan bernafas.
  • Merasa rengsa, tidak senang, tidak dapat rehat atau tiada kawalan
  • Tidak dapat memikir dengan jelas atau berkonsentrasi
  • Katakutan bahawa sebarang yang A fear that something dreadful is going to happen
  • Nausea, muntah-muntah, diarrhoea
  • Merasa tercekek atau bengkak dalam kerongkong
  • Berpeluh
  • Pening kepala
  • Otot tegang
  • Mudah merasa pengsan

Anxiety symptoms can also be affected by:

  • Some medical conditions – e.g. heart and thyroid problems
  • Some medicines – e.g. certain high blood pressure medicines
  • Some addictive and illicit drugs.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about anxiety symptoms.

[Sunting] Jenis-jenis umumnya kerisauan

[Sunting] Kerisauan generalisasi

A person with generalised anxiety disorder has excessive, almost constant anxiety and worry about something – e.g., work, money, health, relationships, or harm coming to themselves or their loved ones.

[Sunting] Fobia

A phobia is an intense fear of a situation or object – e.g., spiders, heights, closed spaces. A person with a phobia will try to avoid whatever triggers their fear and this behaviour can significantly interfere with their life. For example, a person with social phobia may be excessively afraid of doing things in public such as eating or speaking.

[Sunting] Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

People with OCD continually think about and need to repeat a certain task or ritual.

For example, they may worry about cleanliness and need to wash their hands again and again; or be concerned that they did not lock a door and constantly have to check it. These tasks can be time consuming and interfere with their life. People with this condition usually know their behaviour is not sensible, are embarrassed by it and try to hide it.

[Sunting] Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

[Sunting] Pengurusan

Treating an anxiety disorder often involves several different strategies – e.g., finding and avoiding triggers; special counselling; relaxation and breathing techniques; medicines.

Treatment may also involve gradual exposure to the source of anxiety, particularly with phobias and OCD.

Many people with anxiety problems also have depression – talk to a doctor.

[Sunting] Ubat-ubat

[Sunting] Ubat-ubat Praskripsi

Ubat-ubat berpraskripsi yang dapat menolong termasuk:

  • Ubat-ubat anti-kerisauan dan sedatives
  • Ubat-ubat anti-depressant

[Sunting] Hubungi doktor atau ahli farmasi pada sebelumnya

Consult your doctor or pharmacist before:

  • Stopping regular medicines for anxiety – stopping suddenly can make anxiety symptoms worse
  • Taking any medicines (including complementary medicines) in addition to medicines prescribed for anxiety – they may interfere with each other’s actions.

[Sunting] Jaga diri

  • Talk about you feelings with someone you trust – a friend, relative or health professional
  • Learn about your anxiety disorder and how to manage it.
  • Exercise regularly to improve general health
  • Learn how to relax your body and mind using relaxation techniques.
  • Eat a healthy, balanced diet.
  • Cut down on cigarettes, alcohol and caffeine – these can make anxiety symptoms worse.

[Sunting] Mendapatkan bantuan

  • Help is available for people with anxiety disorders, their families and friends.
  • Doctors, psychologists and counsellors can all assist in treating anxiety disorders
  • There are support groups for many types of anxiety disorders, such as a Self Care pharmacy, and Community health and mental health centres.

[Sunting] Pautan luar

[Sunting] Rujukan

  • Laman atau karya ini dalam bahasa Inggeris Anxiety, Mental Health 0114 – 2005, Pharmacy Self Care Health Care Information