GTK+

Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi



  {{{isim}}}
Kullanımı:
Web sitesi: {{{websitesi}}}

Initially created for the raster graphics editor, the GNU Image Manipulation Program, the GIMP Toolkit—abbreviated, and almost exclusively known, as GTK+—is one of the two most popular widget toolkits for the X Window System for creating graphical user interfaces. GTK+ and Qt have supplanted Motif, previously the most widely-used X widget toolkit.

GTK+ was originally created in 1997 by Spencer Kimball, Peter Mattis, and Josh MacDonald - all of whom were members of eXperimental Computing Facility (XCF) at UC Berkeley. Licensed under the LGPL, GTK+ is free (and open source) software, and is part of the GNU Project.

Konu başlıkları

[değiştir] Programming languages

GTK+ uses the C programming language, although its designers use an object-oriented paradigm. The GNOME platform bindings provide for C++ (gtkmm), Perl, Ruby, Java and Python (PyGTK) bindings; others have written bindings for many other programming languages (including Ada, D, Haskell, Pascal, PHP, and all .NET programming languages).

Unlike many other widget toolkits, but like Qt, GTK+ isn't based on Xt. The advantage of this is that it allows GTK+ to be available on other systems and to be much more flexible. The disadvantage is that it doesn't have access to the X resource database, which is the traditional way for customizing X11 applications.

[değiştir] Look and feel

The end-user can configure the look of the toolkit, down to offering a number of different display engines. Engines exist which emulate the look of other popular toolkits or platforms, like Windows 95, Motif, Qt or NEXTSTEP.

[değiştir] Environments that use GTK+

Screenshot of the GIMP 2.0 on Xfce4
Büyüt
Screenshot of the GIMP 2.0 on Xfce4
  • The GNOME environment uses GTK+ as a base, which means that programs written for GNOME use GTK+ as their toolkit.
  • Xfce also uses it as their base, though their apps typically do not depend on as many programs. (This is the difference between something being branded as a "GNOME program" and as a "GTK+ program".)
  • The GPE Palmtop Environment, Maemo (Nokia's internet tablet framework), and Access Linux Platform (a new PalmOS compatible PDA platform) also use GTK+ as a base.

Not only these desktop environments use it, though. Any GTK+ program can run on top of other environments, such as KDE. GTK+ can also run under Microsoft Windows. Some of the more unusual ports include DirectFB and ncurses.

[değiştir] Window managers

  • Metacity uses GTK+ 2.
  • Xfwm uses GTK+ 2.

[değiştir] Non-graphics-related code

GTK+ initially contained some utility routines that did not strictly relate to graphics, for instance providing such data structures as linked lists and binary trees. Such general utilities, along with the object system called GObject, have now migrated into a separate library, Glib, which programmers use regularly to develop code that does not require a graphical interface.

[değiştir] GTK+ 2

GTK+ 2 has succeeded GTK+. Its new features include improved text rendering using Pango, a new theme engine, improved accessibility using Accessibility Toolkit, complete transition to Unicode using UTF-8 strings and a more flexible API. However, GTK+ 2 lacks compatibility with GTK+ 1, and programmers must port applications to it. Some programs continue to use GTK+ 1, as the original version remains in use, is faster, is less complex than GTK+ 2, and is more suitable for embedded applications than GTK+ 2.

Starting with version 2.8 GTK+ 2 relies on the Cairo library for rendering with vector-graphics in GTK+ 2.

[değiştir] Future developments

  • Project Ridley is an attempt to consolidate several libraries that are currently external to GTK+, including: libgnome, libgnomeui, libgnomeprint22, libgnomeprintui22, libglade, libgnomecanvas, libegg, libeel and gtkglext.

[değiştir] See also

Portal:Free software
Free software Portal
  • Gtk#, a .NET API to GTK+
  • PyGTK, Python API to GTK+
  • PHP-GTK, a PHP extension
  • Ruby-Gnome, a Ruby API to GTK+
  • List of software development kits

[değiştir] External links