Atlanta, Georgia
Bách khoa toàn thư mở Wikipedia
- Mục từ Atlanta dẫn đến bài này. Xin đọc về các nghĩa khác tại Atlanta (định hướng).
Atlanta (IPA: /ˌætˈlɛ̃n.nə/ hay /ˌɛtˈlɛ̃n.nə/) là thủ phủ và là thành phố đông dân nhất của tiểu bang Georgia, là vùng đô thị lớn thứ 9 Hoa Kỳ. Theo số liệu thống kê tháng 7 năm 2005, thành phố có dân số 470.688 người và dân số vùng đô thị Atlanta là 4.917.717. Ngày 1 tháng 7 năm 2005, khu vực thống kế kết hợp của vùng đô thị Atlanta là 5.249.121 người.[1]
Theo thống kê, diện tích thành phố là 343 km² (132,4 mi²). 341,2 km² (131,8 mi²) đất và 1,8 km² (0,7 mi²) mặt nước.
Mục lục |
[sửa] Khí hậu
Atlanta has a humid subtropical climate, (Cfa) according to the Köppen classification, with hot, humid summers and mild winters by the standards of the U.S.
The summers are hot and humid, with afternoon highs peaking at about 90°F (32°C) in late July. Temperatures can also exceed 100°F (38°C) in a major heat wave. The highest temperature recorded in the city is 105°F (40.6°C), reached on July 13 and July 17, 1980.
January is the coldest month, with an average high of 52°F (11°C), and low of 34°F (1°C). An average year sees frost on 48 days; snowfall averages 2 inches (5 centimeters) annually. The heaviest single storm brought 10 inches on January 23, 1940.[2] The lowest temperature recorded in the city is -9°F (-22°C), reached on 13 February 1899. A close second was -8°F on Jan 21 1985. In recorded history, the temperature in Atlanta has gone below zero only in 1884, 1899, 1963, 1966, 1982, and 1985. All of these were record-breaking polar masses that saw multiple lows across the North American continent; since 1985 the lowest temperature has been 6 F in 1994. The frequent ice storms can cause more problems than snow; the most severe such storm may have occurred on January 7, 1973.[3] Also during winter, warm air can flow from the Gulf of Mexico, raising temperatures as high as 80°F (27°C).
Like the rest of the Southeastern U.S., Atlanta receives abundant rainfall, which is relatively evenly distributed throughout the year. Average annual rainfall is 50.5 inches (127 centimeters).[4][5]
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average high °F (°C) | 52 (11) | 57 (14) | 65 (18) | 73 (23) | 80 (27) | 87 (31) | 89 (32) | 88 (31) | 82 (28) | 73 (23) | 63 (17) | 55 (13) | 72 (22) |
Average low °F (°C) | 34 (1) | 37 (3) | 45 (7) | 50 (10) | 59 (15) | 66 (19) | 72 (22) | 70 (21) | 64 (18) | 54 (12) | 45 (7) | 36 (2) | 52 (11) |
Average rainfall: inches (millimeters) | 5.03 (127.8) | 4.68 (118.9) | 5.38 (136.7) | 3.62 (91.9) | 3.95 (100.3) | 3.63 (92.2) | 5.12 (130.0) | 3.63 (92.2) | 4.09 (103.9) | 3.11 (79.0) | 4.10 (104.1) | 3.82 (97.0) | 50.16 (1274) |
[sửa] Surrounding cities
Some cities that surround Atlanta are:
- Sandy Springs, Pop: 85,781
- Roswell, Pop: 79,338
- Marietta, Pop: 58,748
- Smyrna, Pop: 40,999
- Kennesaw, Pop: 30,522
- East Point, Pop: 39,595
- North Atlanta (unincorporated), Pop: 38,579
- Redan (unincorporated), Pop: 33,841
- Dunwoody (unincorporated), Pop: 32,808
- Mableton (unincorporated), Pop: 29,733
- Forest Park, pop. 21,447
- College Park, Pop: 20,382
[sửa] Dân cư và văn hóa
[sửa] Nhân khẩu
Atlanta population | ||
Year | City proper[6] |
Metro area |
---|---|---|
1850 | 2,572 | |
1860 | 9,554 | |
1870 | 21,789 | |
1880 | 37,409 | |
1890 | 65,533 | |
1900 | 89,872 | 419,375 |
1910 | 154,839 | 522,442 |
1920 | 200,616 | 622,283 |
1930 | 270,366 | 715,391 |
1940 | 302,288 | 820,579 |
1950 | 331,314 | 997,666 |
1960 | 487,455 | 1,312,474 |
1970 | 496,973 | 1,763,626 |
1980 | 425,022 | 2,233,324 |
1990 | 394,017 | 2,959,950 |
2000 | 416,474 | 4,112,198 |
2005 | 470,688 | 4,926,611 |
[sửa] Phương tiện
Club | Sport | League | Venue |
---|---|---|---|
Atlanta Falcons | American Football | National Football League | Georgia Dome |
Atlanta Braves | Baseball | Major League Baseball, NL | Turner Field |
Atlanta Hawks | Basketball | National Basketball Association | Philips Arena |
Atlanta Thrashers | Ice Hockey | National Hockey League | Philips Arena |
Atlanta Rollergirls | Roller Derby | Women's Flat Track Derby Association | All American Skating Center |
Atlanta Silverbacks | Soccer (Football) | USL First Division | Silverbacks Park |
Georgia Force | Arena Football | Arena Football League | Philips Arena |
Atlanta Vision | Basketball | ABA:Blue Conference | The Sampson's Center |
[sửa] Chính phủ
[sửa] Các trường đại học cao đẳng
Atlanta has more than 30 institutions of higher education, among which Emory University, the Georgia Institute of Technology (popularly known as Georgia Tech), Georgia State University, Mercer University, and Oglethorpe University are prominent. Atlanta University Center, a consortium of historically black colleges and universities, is also located in the city; members of the consortium include Clark Atlanta University, Morehouse College, Morehouse School of Medicine, Morris Brown College, and Spelman College. Adjoining the AUC schools, but independent from them, is the Interdenominational Theological Center, a collection of seminaries and theological schools from a variety of denominations. The Reformed Theological Seminary is another Atlanta school. The Savannah College of Art and Design opened a Midtown, Atlanta, campus in 2005 and acquired the Atlanta College of Art shortly thereafter. John Marshall Law School is the city's only freestanding law school and produces many local lawyers.
Institutions in the metropolitan area include Agnes Scott College, in Decatur; Columbia Theological Seminary, also in Decatur; Clayton State University, in Morrow; DeVry University, in Decatur; Georgia Perimeter College, with campuses in Alpharetta, Clarkston, Conyers, Covington (scheduled to open in January 2007), Decatur, Dunwoody, and Lawrenceville; Gwinnett University Center (soon to be known as Georgia Gwinnett College, in Lawrenceville); Kennesaw State University, in Kennesaw; Southern Polytechnic State University, in Marietta; and the University of West Georgia, in Carrollton.
[sửa] Thành phố kết nghĩa
Atlanta has nineteen sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI):[7]
Brussels, Belgium
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Romania|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Romania]] Bucharest, Romania
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Australia|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Australia]] Canberra, Australia
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Benin|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Benin]] Cotonou, Benin
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias South Korea|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias South Korea]] Daegu, South Korea
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Japan|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Japan]] Fukuoka, Japan
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Nigeria|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Nigeria]] Lagos, Nigeria
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Jamaica|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Jamaica]] Montego Bay, Jamaica
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias United Kingdom|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias United Kingdom]] Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
Nuremberg (Nürnberg), Germany
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Greece|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Greece]] Ancient Olympia, Greece
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Trinidad and Tobago|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Trinidad and Tobago]] Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Israel|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Israel]] Ra'anana, Israel
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Brazil|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Brazil]] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Dominican Republic|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Dominican Republic]] Salcedo, Dominican Republic
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Austria|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Austria]] Salzburg, Austria
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Republic of China|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Republic of China]] Taipei, Taiwan
- [[Image:Tiêu bản:Country flag alias Georgia|22x20px|Tiêu bản:Country alias Georgia]] Tbilisi, Georgia
Toulouse, France
[sửa] Chú thích
- ▲ Annual Estimates of the Population of Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005 (bằng tiếng Anh) (Microsoft Excel) các trang 6. Cục Thống kê dân số Hoa Kỳ. Được truy cập ngày 15 tháng 10, 2006.
- ▲ Atlanta, Georgia (1900-2000). Our Georgia History. Được truy cập ngày 2006-04-02.
- ▲ Ice Storms. Storm Encyclopedia. Weather.com. Được truy cập ngày 2006-04-02.
- ▲ Monthly Averages for Atlanta, GA. Weather.com. Được truy cập ngày 2006-04-02.
- ▲ Historical Weather for Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America. Weather.com. Được truy cập ngày 2006-04-02.
- ▲ Gibson, Campbell (June 1998). POPULATION OF THE 100 LARGEST CITIES AND OTHER URBAN PLACES IN THE UNITED STATES: 1790 TO 1990. Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census. Được truy cập ngày 2006-04-02.
- ▲ Sister Cities International. Được truy cập ngày 2006-04-07.
[sửa] Tham khảo
- Atlanta and Environs: A Chronicle of Its People and Events : Years of Change and Challenge, 1940-1976 by Franklin M. Garrett, Harold H. Martin
- Atlanta, GA (Source for Atlanta Flag)
- Atlanta, Then and Now. Part of the Then and Now book series.
- Darlene R. Roth and Andy Ambrose. Metropolitan Frontiers: A short history of Atlanta. Atlanta: Longstreet Press, 1996. An overview of the city's history with an emphasis on its growth.
- Sjoquist, Dave (ed.) The Atlanta Paradox. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. 2000.
- Stone, Clarence. Regime Politics: Governing Atlanta, 1946-1988. University Press of Kansas. 1989.
- Elise Reid Boylston. Atlanta: Its Lore, Legends and Laughter. Doraville: privately printed, 1968. Lots of neat anecdotes about the history of the city.
- Frederick Allen. Atlanta Rising. Atlanta: Longstreet Press, 1996. A detailed history of Atlanta from 1946 to 1996, with much about City Councilman, later Mayor, William B. Hartsfield's work in making Atlanta a major air transport hub, and about the American Civil Rights Movement as it affected (and was affected by) Atlanta.
[sửa] Liên kết ngoài
- WikiSatellite view of Atlanta at WikiMapia
- Tiêu bản:Wikitravelpar
- Official Website
- Atlanta Discussions Forum
- Atlanta Convention and Visitors Bureau
- History of Atlanta, Georgia Two articles that cover the history of Atlanta until 1868.
- Atlanta Time Machine - then/now photographs of Atlanta
- Listen to Atlanta Police and Fire radio
- Bản đồ và hình từ không trung
- Bản đồ đường sá từ Google Maps hoặc từ Yahoo! Maps
- Bản đồ địa hình từ TopoZone
- Hình từ không trung hoặc bản đồ địa hình từ TerraServer Hoa Kỳ
- Hình vệ tinh từ Google Maps hoặc từ Windows Live Local